Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Échanges internationaux'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Échanges internationaux.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Disdier, Anne-Célia. "Effets frontières, échanges internationaux et intégration régionale." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010047.
Full textDubin, Laurence. "La protection des normes sociales dans les échanges internationaux." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010290.
Full textRadu, Ghenadie. "L'origine des marchandises : un élément controversé des échanges commerciaux internationaux." Phd thesis, Grenoble 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165636.
Full textCharrier, Isabelle. "Incidences de l'élimination des frontières fiscales sur les échanges internationaux." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT4001.
Full textTwo principles of indirect taxation are implemented in iternational trade : those destination and origin. The destination principle taxes consumption, the origin principle taxes production. Uniformity and homogeneity are the conditions if indirect tax is to remain neutral for trade. Indirect tax offers a fiscal advantage, which could reinforce or tone down, the natural advantage. In an economic community, restricted origin principle applies destination principl e on extra-community trade and origin principle on intra-community trade. The implementation of this principle presents diverse problems for trade. In fact, net price (destination principle) and all-tax price (origin principle) cannot be equalized if the rates of tax are not equal. Moreover, the exchange rate cannot permit any readjustments. In fine, indirect tax in a community is not a consumption tax, nor a production tax. The community must install a compensation system, if a consuption tax is to be maintained. The restricted origin principle influences trade and introduces trade deflections. To fight trade, deflections rules of origin can be instituted, or the tax rates harmonized. The aim of this thesis is to present the consequences on specialisation and trade of the restricted origin principle being applied with either rules of origin or tax harmonization
Thiais, Pascal. "L'économie des nouveaux services." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF10094.
Full textMercado, L. Luis-Enrique. "Les structures contractuelles et financières du contrat international de contre-achat." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131027.
Full textEl, Bakkar Amina. "Le transfert de modèles d'éducation-formation à l'ère de la mondialisation : étude de cas entre le Canada et le Maroc." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67366.
Full textThis doctoral study focuses on the transfer of models in the field of education and training, which is one of the instruments used by educational policy actors to develop reforms aimed at improving education-training systems, and the enhancement of their quality and efficiency in a global context marked by the importance of the knowledge economy and innovation. It is based on two case studies of such transfers between Canada and Morocco that are part of a long partnership process between the two countries that began in the 1960s. Our main goal is to participate in the definition of model transfers in education and the deepening of the concept; especially since partnerships in such transfers are encouraged by governments, national and international organizations and networks. At the methodological level, we conducted a field study that included 14 interviews. The data was subjected to manual qualitative analysis preceded by an exploratory analysis of four interviews, and to statistical textual analysis using the program Alceste. The results of this research led to a definition of the concept of model transfer and a description of its process, the continuity of which is shown to be propelled by the convergence of visions of actors and partner countries throughout their partnership history in relation to a changing global context.
Verlet, Nicolas. "Les huiles essentielles : production mondiale, échanges internationaux et politiques de développement." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX24006.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the economic analysis of the essential oil sector. The first part presents a production and a price determination model, which count among the very few articles published on this subject. This discussion is followed by a global presentation of the essential oil industry. The analysis of the current situation in the field of production, international trade and demand has led us to propose a typology in terms of market behaviour. In the second part of the thesis, two examples have been developed among the groups determined through this typology. The mint essential oils illustrate the group of essential oils used in high volume in the aroma industry. For which we have focussed on the supply side. The essential oils used for the production of fine fragrances have been analysed from the demand side, with the example of geranium and ylang oils. In this case, the development policies in the French overseas territories have been considered in connection with the economic analysis
Wilhelm, Sabine. "Libéralisation commerciale et échanges internationaux : le cas de l'agriculture en Tunisie." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN20013/document.
Full textThe thesis deals with the impact of trade liberalization in a developing country : Tunisia. The issue is as follows : is agricultural liberalization contributing to economic growth in Tunisia or is liberalization having such detrimental consequences, in particular given the stabilisation measures concerning Tunisia, which makes it impossible ? The liberalization of agricultural trade does not exclusively encompass the elimination of tariff or quantitative barriers regulated by the International Agreements. The multitude of trade barriers makes it difficult to aggregate and tally them. For the purposes of this thesis, we have used year 1994 as the temporal benchmark to compare Tunisian trade before and after the signing of the Marrakech Agreement. The method to carry out a totally longitudinal analysis and to use a temporal benchmark was not previously used when dealing with agricultural liberalization in Tunisia. Our results show that liberalization is in general favourable to economic growth and to the Tunisian trade. However, trade and growth are only partially explained in this longitudinal analysis. As a consequence, liberalization has a limited impact on the Tunisian trade and on the GDP. This analysis of partial equilibrium is completed by a computable general equilibrium model, which contains no Cobb-Douglas function or CES-CET elasticity. Against all odds, it shows that agricultural liberalization is compatible with the wish to limit the budget deficit in Tunisia. Liberalization can even improve economic growth, but also entails the risk of reduction in wages
Modwel, Suman. "Trade in services : an Indian perspective : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0004.
Full textThis thesis comprises six studies conducted during the period 1984-92 on trade in services. The implications flowing from the decision to introduce services in the agenda of the Uruguay Round of the multilateral trade negociations have been analysed and discussed, specially from the point of view of India, a developing country that played an active role in these GATT talks. The thesis concludes with the "final chapter", which particulary discusses the draft final text proposed by GATT (Dec. 1991), and the reaction it provoked in India and elsewhere
Van, der Marel Erik. "On trade, productivity and regulation in services." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0035.
Full textThis dissertation examines the links between productivity in services, services trade and services regulation for both the import and export side. On the export side, productivity differences are reflected in an economy’s comparative advantage structure in services. Imports matter too. Increased services imports have productivity enhancing effects because these services allow for an optimal allocation of existing and new resources, and also facilitate increased external competition within the domestic economy. The three chapters in this dissertation represent some of the first contributions to the services trade literature with an approach rooted in today’s policy concerns. In particular, they contribute to a more precise understanding how mainly developed countries can take advantage of higher services exports capitalizing on favourable domestic country structures and hence exploiting sectoral productivity differences. In addition, this dissertation provides a clearer understanding how domestic regulation targeted to imports and production can affect domestic services productivity in the form of Total Factor Productivity (TFP)
Foeh, John E. H. J. "L' Asie du Sud-Est dans les échanges internationaux de bois tropicaux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL025N.
Full textOuoba, Souleymane Labity. "La logistique des transports internationaux appliquée aux échanges extérieurs du Burkina-Faso." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040139.
Full textBurkina Faso, a west-African country is completely cut off from the sea. This gives rise to transportation problems in the exchange of goods between Burkina and Europe. Only a few airlines fly into the country with the result that costs are high and capacity is naturally limited. The use of sea transportation, the obvious alternative, generates its own problems because of Burkina Faso’s dependence on the goodwill of neighbouring states. Overall, Burkina Faso’s participation in the international transportation market is limited by a definite lack of knowledge, expertise and organisational experience. If Burkina can develop the organisation of its own transportation system costs will be cut and time will be saved
Granger, Wilfrid. "Libéralisation des échanges internationaux et allocation des ressources : le dilemme régionalisme - multilatéralisme." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50374-1998-203.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to rank, on pure efficiency grounds, two processes of international trade liberalisation : regionalism and multilateralism. Chapter 1 presents the model of the international economy with tariff distortions and international transfers that constitutes the framework of the study. Chapter 2 introduces the criterion used to appreciate the gains from international trade liberalisation. Attention is focused on the need for international transfers. Chapter 3 considers the case for multilateralism. It shows that if mutilateral tariff reforms with appropriated international transfers are pareto improving, mutual gains are not secured without international transfers. Chapter 4 considers the case for regionalism. It reviews the conclusion of the traditional theory on customs unions. It provides a proof of the theorem kemp-wan and discusses its scope. The conclusion balances the results of chapters 3 and 4. It leads to a reconsideration of the theoretical justification of the superiority of multilateralism over regionalism (which supposes transfers accross national borders)
Portas, Louise. "Les pratiques corruptrices dans les échanges économiques internationaux : étude comparative France-Vietnam." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10005/document.
Full textCorruption is an ancient and common phenomenon unanimously condemned. It is considered as a real plague undermining all societies’ values, rule of States and is a danger for worldwide economy. But the term of corruption is actually employed to a complex, multifaceted and scalable phenomenon. In practice, it offers as many forms and behaviours as situations where it can be realised. Therefore, this study was first devoted to define the notion of corruption. Contrary to the common language, this term is employed here in its legal meaning. As a consequence, corruption is defined in this study as the crime, or more especially, the several specific crimes incriminated in analysed legal systems. But this study also reveals that the fight against corruption shall not be limited to these specific crimes. Other behaviours, beforehand and afterwards the phenomenon must be incriminated and severely condemned. In other words, to fight against corruption it is fundamental to combat all corruption practices. The choice was, next, to make a comparative study between French and Vietnamese law. The economic links between the two States are very strong such as their legislative disparities, in particular regarding the incrimination of corruption crimes. Vietnam, as a transiting country, knows a very fast economic development. But the country is not at the same level than France regarding criminal law. Contrary to France, Vietnam keeps a very classic vision of corruption crimes and doesn’t perceive its multifaceted aspect. Nevertheless, because of international commercial exchanges’ intensification, fraudulent collusions inevitably appear between the two States. De facto, they must face up these new forms of corruption, alone or together
Do, Cabo Notaroberto Barbosa Hermano Antonio. "Les échanges internationaux de renseignements fiscaux : recherches sur un paradigme fiscal limité." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020086.
Full textInternational co-operation through the exchange of tax information, a classical but marginal issue, has been renewed to become one of the most sensitive subjects of international tax law. Despite all the political and legal efforts made in recent years, and despite the fact that these efforts are real advances in legal technology and administrative efficiency, there are reasons to believe that international tax co-operation still faces different limitations to operate in a worldwide level. This thesis aims to identify the existence of a general legal regime for the exchange of tax information, fairly homogenous in terms of content and application, in view of the main non-EU normative models available nowadays, including those of automatic exchange. Afterwards, the thesis examines the scope of this general regime in order to frame limits to the exchange of tax information and to propose legal solutions to overcome them
Bellora, Cecilia. "Échanges internationaux en agriculture : changements d'utilisation des sols, biodiversité et durabilité environnementale." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0697.
Full textThis thesis analyses both theoretically and empirically some of the issues that emerge when applying environmental policies to the agricultural sector in a trade context. In a first part, focus is on crop biodiversity, which is known to maintain agricultural productivity under a large range of environmental conditions. Chapter II empirically confirms this positive impact using a large dataset on South African agriculture. It also shows that biodiversity can reduce the exposure of farmers to production risks and downside risks. At a first glance, crop biodiversity could therefore be integrated in sustainable agricultural policies. Nevertheless, interactions between crop biodiversity effects, environmental policies and trade are complex. Indeed, specialisation induced by trade plays against biodiversity: the composition effect of trade, following comparative advantages, tends to reduce the number of crops cultivated by a given country. One of the mechanisms through which crop biodiversity improves production stability is by participating in the resilience to pests. Then, to face higher pest attacks, farmers use pesticides. But since pesticides harm environment and human health, governments regulate their use. An environmental policy on pesticides can thus have a strategic aspect: allowing the use of more pesticides can lead to gain larger agricultural market shares. Chapter III represents these interactions in a ricardian trade model. It shows that, because not in my backyard effects are larger than strategic impacts, the optimal environmental policy is more stringent under trade than under autarky. Furthermore, because of this stringency, production volatility is generally higher under trade. This could explain part of the background volatility observed on agricultural markets, which have been historically more volatile than those of manufactured products. In a second part of the thesis, chapter IV illustrates the possible leakage effects of environmental policies implemented unilaterally. A computable general equilibrium model is used to quantify the indirect global environmental impacts of a greening of European agriculture through a large shift to organic farming. Organic farming is known for its local environmental benefits, especially on water and soil quality, biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, organic yields are on average 25% lower than those of conventional farming. We calibrate organic production technologies using micro-level data and find that using organic production techniques on 20% of the European area cultivated with maize, rapeseed, sunflower and wheat results in a large negative productivity shock. This shock affects global markets and induces production and demand displacements, unless the yield gap is reduced. The resulting land use changes are assessed, as well as the corresponding changes in greenhouse gas emissions, chemical inputs use and biodiversity. The negative indirect effects on the environment appear limited compared to the local benefits of adopting greener forms of agriculture in the EU. However, in the case of greenhouse gases, the indirect emissions more than offset the local benefits of organic agriculture. In the case of chemical pollution and biodiversity, results show that indirect effects deserve to be accounted for in life cycle analyses. These findings should not be used to point a finger on organic farming, a large variety of policies and consumption patterns have greater land use change impacts. Nevertheless, they rise some issues, especially on the need for more systematic sustainability assessments, even for environmental polices, the importance of research and development in organic farming to reduce yield gaps and of public policies to help to remove economic factors that could limit the increase of organic yields, such as the relative cost of production factors
Noël, Michel. "Les spécificités régionales des échanges économiques internationaux : l'expérience canadienne des investissements directs croisés." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0008.
Full textCrossed international direct investment are highly influenced by regional industrial specifics. By industrial specifics we mean the economic characteristics which refer not only to geographic, demographic and technological factors but particularly to the relative importance of one or several industries. For a given industry or sector, the stronger a region the more involved it is, proportionally, in international exchange ; the more advanced a region's industrial structure the more this region takes advantage, upstream and downstream, from international flow of capital. Spatial closeness and industrial similarity determine the exchange of capital (and goods) between bordering Canadian-American regions. The participation level of governments (and firms) in R&D's performance, in a given region, influences the location of foreign firms as well as the establishment of local firms abroad
Lochard, Julie. "Les unions monétaires et leurs effets sur les échanges et les investissements internationaux." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010052.
Full textDispot, Jean-Paul. "Les échanges internationaux de services liés à la recherche et au savoir-faire : le cas des Éats-Unis." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020040.
Full textWithin the vast group of services, only certain elements demonstrate the real power of the service sector of exporting economies. The creation of a group of know-how related services will give researchers better tools to analyze the trade of services. The imbalance of world trade of kh related services works considerably to the advantage of the united states. Its competitors have just begun to fully understand the new opportunities that these services represent
Lecler, Romain. "Une mondialisation à domestiquer : sociologie d’une politique française des échanges audiovisuels internationaux (1984-2012)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010326.
Full textWhat is Globalization? We address this question by focusing on audiovisual flows worldwide, seen from the perspective of commercial exchanges and French public policies. From 2008 to 2012, several sites have been investigated such as the French administration, its diplomatic network abroad, public agencies and international markets. We argue that Globalization, far from being an economic force overhanging from abroad, is always something that has to be "brought home". First, it results from policies that aim at "taming" what exceeds the national frame (such as audiovisual contents broadcasted by satellite). Second, it always entails very "domestic" stakes. At first, we deal with the French administration, where a "foreign audiovisual policy'' has been launched in the 1980s, stirring up a sharp competition to be nominated at the head of new transnational public channels, and leading to the recruitment of diplomats specializing in this policy. Then, we assess the astonishing rise of international markets of movies and TV shows, describing how French sales agents, in the process of getting professional recognition, received a strong support from the French administration. This brings us to the thesis that export policies fundamentally shape Globalization by providing contradicting definitions of what it should be. ln France, the sales agents and the administration have been negotiating one built upon the principle of "cultural diversity", conveniently melting commercial, cultural and diplomatic stakes altogether, despite of the notion being deeply ambivalent
Hirsch, David. "La fiscalité des flux internationaux d'oeuvres d'art : Contribution à l'étude des politiques commerciale et fiscale concernant les échanges internationaux d'oeuvres d'art." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010286.
Full textRabaud, Isabelle. "L'internationalisation des services : le cas des services aux producteurs." Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090028.
Full textOk, Wooseok. "Échanges internationaux de biens d'équipement, capacité d'absorption et rôle de l'État dans le développement économique." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0001.
Full textDovis, Marion. "Ouverture aux échanges internationaux et productivité totale des facteurs : une analyse au niveau des firmes." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX24027.
Full textThis work aims at studying the impact of trade intensification on total factor productivity (TFP) of Spanish firms, while taking a particular interest to TFP measure and concept. In chapter 1, we accurately study assumptions and basis of TFP measures and emphasize their specificities. In chapter 2, we apply each method on a panel of Turkish firms in order to obtain TFP measures and compare them. In both next chapters, we try to anderstand how Spanish firms reacted to the integration of their economy in international trade. The study of the link between imports and TFP in chapter 3 shows an increase in TFP of firms due to a competition effect and technology effect. The chapter 4 concerns the analysis of the link between exports and TFP. Our results confirm the hypothesis of fims self selection (productivity level determines the decision to export). However, firms which export the larger part of their production are not the most productive. We explain that the intensity of exports seems to be linked to the type of exported goods, and more precisely to the technological intensity incorporated in exported products. The hypothesis of conscious self selection and learning by exporting has been confirmed
Ballatore, Magali. "L' expérience de mobilité des étudiants Erasmus : les usages inégalitaires d'un programme d'"échanges" : une comparaison Angleterre/France/Italie." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10072.
Full textLalanne, Guy. "Libéralisation des échanges commerciaux internationaux : quels ajustements et quelles conséquences pour les ménages et les entreprises." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0145.
Full textThe first two chapters study the strategy of firms in serving foreign markets, using French data. The first chapter shows that firms had difficulties in grasping the opportunity offered the foreign markets opening resulting from the Uruguay Round agreement. It reveals that the French economy did not benefit from the potential gains of trade. The second chapter put the emphasis on the role of wholesalers in helping firms to export. A theoretical model explains the use of wholesalers to share the fixed costs of exporting. The wholesalers allow firms to reach more difficult markets and act as a catalyst for the exports of firms whose competitiveness is close to the export rentability threshold. Then the predictions of this model are confronted with the French data, confirming this two-sided role of wholesalers. The next two chapters are theoretically addressing the issue of the distribution of the grains from trade. These chapters simultaneously consider the accumulation of human or physical capital and the formation of attitudes towards trade. The third chapter focuses on human capital. The fourth one studies the role of real estate in shaping the attitudes towards trade. Real estate also allows to take into account the regional dimension of gains from trade, that have largely been disregarded until now
Pace, Virgile. "L'organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) et le renforcement de la réglementation juridique des échanges commerciaux internationaux." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020046.
Full textTHE SYSTEM ESTABLISHED BY THE WTO EMBODIES AN UNPRECEDENTED strengthENING OF THE LEGAL REGULATION IMPOSED ON GLOBAL TRADE. THIS MOVE MEANS FIRST AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF JUDICIAL RULES. INDEED, AN INCREASING APPEAL TO JUDICIAL RULES IS TO BE NOTED TOGETHER WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A MORE COERCITIVE LEGAL SYSTEM AND A CLEAR BLAMING OF ALL NON-JUDICIAL ELEMENTS. THIS strengthENING ALSO MEANS MORE EFFICIENCY IN THESE JUDICIAL RULES. INSTITUTIONALIZING ARBITRATION, ESTABLISHING A GENUINE APPEAL PROCEDURE, AND TIGHTENING SUPERVISION AND CONTROL SHOW THE JUDICIAL CHARACTER OF THESE PROCEDURES. MORE RATIONAL, MORE CREDIBLE AND MORE EVENHANDED, THE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT MECHANISM OPERATES IN A MOST POWERFUL JUDICIAL WAY. THIS strengthENING IS EVENTUALLY PRAGMATIC AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUDICIAL RULING IS REALISTIC. THE LIMITED RULING OF THE WTO IS MOSTLY FLEXIBLE. IT IS SPECIFIC AND CAN FIT A REGION BUT IT IS ALSO UNIVERSAL SO IT CAN EVOLVE INDEFINITELY TO MEET STATES'DEMANDS. THIS SET OF RULES FREELY NEGOCIATED BY ALL MEMBER STATES PROVIDES WTO WITH A FIRM LEGAL AND POLITICAL ACCEPTABILITY. FURTHERMORE, THE strengthENING OF JUDICIAL RULES ON GLOBAL TRADE REQUIRES THAT ALL DOMESTIC JUDICIAL BODIES ACKNOWLEDGE THAT WTO'S RULES CAN APPLY DIRECTLY IN MEMBER STATES
Mkimer-Bengeloune, Laïla. "Modélisation des barrières non tarifaires et leur impact sur les échanges internationaux : une application aux pays méditerranéens." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01004671.
Full textMkimer-Bengeloune, Laïla. "Modélisation des barrières non tarifaires et leur impact sur les échanges internationaux : une application aux pays méditerranéens." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUL2004.
Full textThe doctrine of free trade has promoted the creation of a multilateral framework in 1947 with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and then with the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995. Multilateral trade negotiations under the GATT and the WTO have resulted in a considerable reduction of tariffs worldwide. However, before the gradual reduction of tariffs, a strong increase in non-tariff barriers (NTBs) appeared.Indeed, the expansion of international trade and the expansion of multilateral trade rules to new areas previously protected, such as agriculture, services and intellectual property have led many countries to make more intensive use of non-tariff barriers, a way to overcome the " free-market " rule.These non-tariff barriers thus complement or replace tariffs and may reduce or cancel the value of tariff bindings. In addition, NTBs are twice as restrictive tariffs and imply a much more limited market access than tariffs. In addition, NTBs can take different forms, they do not have the same degree of restrictiveness and do not apply the same method. They vary across countries and products, and correspond to different objectives.This thesis aims to quantify non-tariff barriers and to assess their degree of restrictiveness on imports of Southern Mediterranean countries (MED) from the European Union (EU) in the framework of the Euro- Mediterranean integration. This research introduces two econometric models: the first model is an equation of "imports". It assesses the magnitude of non-tariff barriers applied by MED countries to the EU and other partners through the calculation of ad valorem tariff equivalents. The second model is a gravity equation. It considers the role of NTBs and trade costs in the EU -MED trade to achieve a more detailed analysis of the impact of NTBs and other barriers to trade, such as tariffs, transport costs, logistics performance as well as cultural proximity and institutional factors on the Euro- Mediterranean trade
Barbet, Philippe. "Fondements et analyse des conflits commerciaux : assiste-t-on à un renouveau du Mercantilisme dans les échanges internationaux ?" Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131002.
Full textThis research presents a framework for an economic analysis of trade frictions in international trade. A special references is made to the risk of a new mercantilist approach of international relations. The first part gives survey of the relations between mercantilism, free trade and theory of protection. It demonstrates that the foundation of modern theory of strategic trade policy ios in a part of mercantiliste approach. In the second part, we focuse on the exstent of non tariff barriers in international trade with an amphasis on anti-dumping, and volontary export restraion. Commercial policies of the united states, europe and japan are presented. Two sectors are examined in the third part in relation with relation to past and future trade frictions. The first chapter covers the trade dispute between us and japan in semconductors in the mid eighties. The second chapter envisages the future trade disputes in the liberalization and deregulation of telecommunications services
Moatti, Laurence. "Aspects juridiques des contrats internationaux de compensation." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010272.
Full textInternational countertrade, closely related to debt problems, constitutes a substantial and growing proportion of world trade. There is no international legal regime as regard to this form of trade. Countertrade is a generic term which may be defined as any transaction whereby a sale of goods and or services is related to a reciprocal obligation to purchase goods and or services. This thesis has the ambition to define the specific contractual aspects of countertrade in comparison with other more conventional types of contractual arrangements. In the first part, the main forms of countertrade will be identified, described, and qualified; in the second part, some legal aspects of the most common form of countertrade, namely "counterpurchase", will be analysed. In such a transaction, the exporter agrees to sell goods to the importer and simultaneously undertakes to purchase goods from that importer or from another company, under a separate agreement. One of the main issue under french law is the problem of the counterpurchase agreement validity. The difficulty comes mainly from the fact that the agreement is a frame contract for future sales, leaving some specific terms of the fulfillment. .
Méjean, Isabelle. "Segmentation des marchés internationaux et globalisation en macroéconomie ouverte." Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00145745.
Full textFrija, Ihèb. "Concurrence, facteurs de compétitivité et libéralisation des échanges internationaux : les conséquences du nouveau contexte mondial sur la compétitivité du secteur habillement tunisien." Littoral, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DUNK0255.
Full textAndrianarivony, Minoarisoa Naivoson Johary. "L'émergence progressive d'une juridiction internationale des échanges : contribution à l'étude du système de règlement des différends au sein de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce." La Réunion, 1998. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/98_04_MAndrian.pdf.
Full textA jurisdictional attitude to settle disputes now seems to dominate within the WTO. With impartial independent dispute settlement organs allowed to + take decisions; within a reasonable time limit and in front of which proceeding is nearly equitable, international justice is indeed within an easy reach. However, owing to some procedural imperfections, it is still hard to speak of some authentic jurisdiction. Undoubtedly +jurisdiction on its way to be achieved; or + a jurisdictional uncompleted status; should be spoken of instead. Hence this title + the progressive emergence of international jurisdiction for trade; despite the understatement, such a mechanism is unprecedented in the annals of international law. For this mechanism - less sumptuous than that of the ICJ to speak truly - seems to give a new dimension to the hope to reach real international justice. It makes it overwhelmingly possible to reach some + justiciability; in the inter-state relations : a state may force another one to appear in front of an impartial independent third party allowed to + take decisions ;. In another words, the exercise of the right to go to court is no longer conditioned by the preliminary will on the part of the defendant party. The mere will on the part of the moving party to carry out a + contentious action; is sufficient to establish the ability of a panel or that of the appeal organ. Besides ECC and transnational laws, the WTO laws thus achieve the expectations, formulated by the international lawyers half a century ago, to model international justice on internal justice
Velilla, Philippe. "Les relations entre l'Union européenne et Israël : droit communautaire et droit des échanges internationaux : le cas du commerce agricole." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010312.
Full textBuppawan, Papot. "Les aspects internationaux de la TVA en Thaïlande." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0476.
Full textIntroduced in 1992 as a replacement for the old business tax, value added tax (VAT) currently accounts for the essential part of the tax revenues in Thailand. In addition to the importance of such form of taxation in terms of revenue, the choice of tax reform in favour of VAT was seen as a necessary way to achieve greater tax neutrality with respect to treatment of cross-border transactions. However, in the context of the globalization of trade and the emergence of the intangible economy, the application of VAT to international trade of goods and services has caused a lot of important tax issues which are yet to be resolved. With a view to ensure successful adaptation of international taxation rules under the Thai VAT system to an ever-changing economic environment, the study on the "international aspects of VAT in Thailand" seeks to explore, through an in-depth analysis of the substantive and procedural aspects of the relevant tax rules, the main features of the international application of the Thai VAT system. The analysis of these features which shall then be examined, in light of general principles of taxation or best practices recommended by international organisations, should allow to identify the weaknesses or shortcomings of the current system and to offer suggestions for improvements of VAT in Thailand
Lavollée, Danielle. "La mobilité transnationale en France dans les projets européens et internationaux de l’enseignement secondaire général à partir d’une expérience de professeur au collège et lycée de La Ville du Bois : enjeux, pratiques, évaluation et formation." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100195.
Full textTransnational mobility is developing in France in an educational context open to Europe and to the world. However, investigations on this subject are rare at the level of secondary education. This thesis finds its coherence in my personal thoughts and writings; in a sense, I produced my own work by producing myself in the work. Its other ambition is to understand which interplay of associations and dissociations my personal life story has enabled me to institutionalize myself as a teacher. I also wish to show that it is possible to teach foreign languages with pleasure and passion, and to make students active and happy to approach language learning, as an object of study and as a life communication medium. This thesis proposes concrete ways of implementating European and international projects, as well as comments that may encourage scientific debates about the construction of a European and international educational space, by implementing a competence of transnational cooperation, which I regard as a necessary condition. A corpus of European institutional data and fieldwork, based on a research-action that I have carried out at the Collège and Lycée of the Ville du Bois confirm or refute hypotheses I put forward. It emphasizes the reasons for building mobility into secondary schools, on French, European and international levels as a definite learning-teaching-training-research space
Charpiot-Michaud, Frédérique. "Les échanges internationaux de biens agricoles et agro-alimentaires : une application au commerce de la Hongrie et de la Pologne avec l'Union européenne." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010002.
Full textThe dissertation is an analysis of international economics based on two industries : agriculture (raw products) and food industry (processed products). The objective is to test theoretical hypotheses on trade determinants. The theoretical framework must be dual. Indeed it is necessary to separate agricultural trade, which rather depends on Heckscher-Ohlin determinants (factor endowments), and food trade, depending on Lancaster (product differentiation) or Linder (demand) determinants. However the Krugman determinants (size of the economies and distance) are active for both trade categories. The method of analysis is based on estimating a disaggregated gravity equation that has been specified in the Bergstrand model. The estimation is applied to agricultural and food trade between Hungary, Poland and the European union. The various indices of international trade that have been used show that the Hungarian and polish specialization on the European markets is higher in agriculture than in food processing industry, and is declining during the 1990s. Moreover it is more inter-sectoral than intra-indutry. The followed method tests the determinants of trade and at the same time establishes a double taxonomy of the traded goods, based on technology (capital, labour or land intensive goods) and demand (necessary versus luxuous goods). At last the model enables to take into account the protection by integrating the tariff and non-tariff barriers that have been established by the European agreements. Then the results are used to analyse the agricultural integration process of the economies in transition into the European union
Monceaux, Jean-Luc. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence des relations internationales sur les politiques aéronautiques : les incidences du régionalisme sur l'organisation des échanges aériens internationaux et européens." Orléans, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ORLE0004.
Full textThe activity which should emanate from institutional structures operating in aeronautical relations is restricted by the present regulatory system based on bilateral agreements between most of pairs of states or compagnies, which characterizes commercial air transportation. The evolution of international environment has contributed to reconsider bilateralism and to promete a new practice : the regional multilateralism. From that time, not only the notion of regional entity has to be specify, but above all the aerial regionalism aims, being defensive or offensive, with coordinal or federal tendances. However, the regional fact in the matter has only a reduced influence in the elaboration of a new international aerial order because of characteristics of air transportation. The development of aerial regionalism in europe or account of the realizations of specifics cooperation and integration organizations constitutes an only example of attempt for establishing new bases for aerial international relations, and seems able to result in the definition of a common regional air transport policy
Abou, Shady Nora. "Liberalization of trade in services and impact on welfare : the case of the telecommunications sector in Egypt." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0013.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to provide an estimation for the impact of the liberalization of trade in telecommunications services on consumer welfare in the Egyptian economy. The modelling fits in the theoretical framework of the classic international trade theory, where a small economy is facing a world price for a given service, and imposes barriers on its imports. To estimate the impact of liberalization on welfare, the direct approach developed by the Australian productivity commission and the OECD will be used to transform qualitative trade and regulatory policy measures into a quantitative index of restrictiveness. This work also provides a full database on all policy measures affecting trade and provision of telecommunications in Egypt and transforms these into an index and, in a next step, into a tarif-equivalent. The removal of this tarif equivalent is simulated using an input/output model and isassumed to positively affect consumer's welfare. The study suggests that increased liberalization of the sector, accompanied by enhanced regulation and increased transparency is likley to increase consumer's welfare by 3. 75%, equivalent to 2. 97% of Egypt's GDP in 2011
Moati, Philippe. "Hétérogénéité intra-branche des entreprises et commerce international." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010030.
Full textEconomic theory has seldom treated the question of intra-industry heterogeneity of firms, of its genesis and consequences on economic mecanisms. The basic model of neo-classical analysis adopts a caricatural conception of firm and of its environment which excludes the possibility of micro-economic differenciation. Factors able to generate intra-industry heterogeneity of firms appears as market imperfections. The fundamental factors lie on the imperfection of information and the bounded rationality of economic agents. Well, they are two aspects in opposition with postulates of neo-classical paradigm. An alternative theory, which takes its inspiration in the natural selection thesis, puts heterogeneity at the basis of its thought and considers it as the motor of economic evolution. In the thesis, I develop an evolutionary model studying theoritically the impact of firm heterogeneity in the definition of international trade pattern. Heterogeneity appears to be a specific factor of comparative advantage, able to generate trade between economies sharing the same macro-economic characteristics. The introduction of macro-economic differences distinguishing economies allows to roughly meet the main conclusions of traditional theories of trade. The weight of micro-economic determinants of trade are more important the more the trading countries are similar
Menezes, De Andrade Ângela Maria. "Flux et reflux du théâtre et de la danse sur l'Atlantique noir : la gestion et l'organisation des échanges internationaux de théâtre et de danse dans trois villes portuaires : Lisbonne, Salvador et Nantes." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100210.
Full textThe management and organization of international exchange programs of theatre and dance in three ports : Lisbon, Salvador and Nantes forms the core theme of this thesis. The link between these three cities is the history they share as slave ports and I therefore endeavored to find elements that revealed the presence of Africa in their current artistic and cultural universes, thus weaving the contemporary picture that is « the tides of performing arts across the black Atlantic ». In a research carried out among 81 artists, producers and directors of both public and private cultural agencies, I attempted to identify the cultural links between these three cities that were developed through perfoming arts, as well as between these cities and others all over the world, forever highlighting the creativity and the theatre and dance projects inspired by the african universe. Considering the important organizational differences on political and administrative levels, the distinct demographic concentration of each and the geopolitical reality that distinguish Lisbon, Salvador and Nantes (Chapter I), I had opportunity of examining the cultural policy managed by different levels of gouvernment – the central gouvernment in Portugal, the federal state in Brazil and the municipal authorities in France. Furthermore, I could focus on elements other than those which give form and meaning to the power structure of the political and cultural systems, such as social structures, cultural codes and historical dynamics, underlining a distinct aspect of each city. In Salvador, the cultural code was chosen as the decisive element, specially due to the cultural vigor of its mestizo population (Chapter II). Economic factors were prioritized throughout the study on Nantes as they ndicate a moment of growth that is in full swing, attracting new economic factors to the city (Chapter III). Meanwhile historical dynamics was seen as the fundamental factor to the comprehension of the current organization of the cultural system in the portugese capital, as a consequence of the recent democratization of the country after forty-eight years of obscurantism (Chapter IV). Finally, regarding the perspective of a « cross study », I compaerd the systems of international exchange programs within the scope of performing arts in the three cities, by analysing artsitic, economic and organizational factors (Chapter V)
Asghari, Poudeh Maryam. "Analyse des effets de la libéralisation des échanges économiques internationaux sur l'environnement : le cas des relations entre les blocs régionaux de l'UE, des pays Mediterranées (sic) en développement et du golfe persique." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0008.
Full textThe linkage between international trade and the environment has become an important policy issue in the last few years. The objective of this thesis is the examination of liberalization trade effect on the environment, pollution haven hypothesis, Porter hypothesis and the factor endowments hypothesis. Our results show that: The commercial liberalization leads to the decrease in CO2 pollution in Persian Golf-EU region, Mediterranean and EU regions, as well as BOD pollution in Persian golf, Mediterranean and Persian Golf-EU regions. Also it decreases FC pollution in Persian Golf region, Mediterranean, Persian Golf-EU and EU-Mediterranean regions. Commercial liberalization increase the CO2 pollution in Persian Golf region and EU-Mediterranean regions, it leads also the increase in BOD pollution in EU and Persian Golf-EU regions, and FC pollution in EU region. Our results confirm the “Haven pollution hypothesis” for the CO2 pollution in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf-EU and EU-Mediterranean regions, and for FC pollution in in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf-EU region but our results reject the “Haven pollution hypothesis” for BOD pollution in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf-EU region. We have not any robust empirical evidences to refuse or confirm this hypothesis for BOD and FC pollution in the foreign exchanges of EU-Mediterranean region. We empirically reject the « Porter hypothesis » for CO2 pollution in the foreign exchanges of Mediterranean-EU, Persian Golf-EU, Mediterranean and EU regions, as well as BOD pollution in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf region. This study confirms the « Porter hypothesis » for FC pollution in the foreign exchanges of Mediterranean-EU, Persian Golf-EU, EU and Mediterranean regions. In addition, it confirms this hypothesis for BOD pollution in the foreign exchanges of Mediterranean-EU, EU and Mediterranean regions. We couldn’t obtain significant results to confirm or reject Porter Hypothesis for BOD pollution in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf-EU region and for FC pollution in the foreign exchanges of Persian Golf region. Our results show the confirmation of « factor endowments hypothesis» for CO2 pollution in EU region and for FC pollution in Mediterranean region. Moreover we confirm this hypothesis for BOD pollution in Mediterranean and Persian Golf regions. The empirical results refuse «factor endowments hypothesis» for CO2 pollution in Mediterranean and Persian Golf regions, for BOD pollution in EU region and for FC pollution in Persian Golf and EU regions
Engman, Michael Olavi. "North-South trade in services : temporary migration of skilled labour." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0079.
Full textMore than half a century of trade and market liberalisation have greatly facilitated the movement of goods, services, capital and information across borders. This integration process has brought unprecedented welfare gains to the wor1d's population and there is much scope to stimulate further economic growth in developing countries through market and trade friendly reforms. One piece in the globalisation puzzle has largely been excluded from the liberalisation process: the movement of human capital remains highly controlled and restricted. This is regrettable since the liberalisation of temporary labour movement could have a greater impact on economic growth and development than any other single policy. Many developing countries are well endowed with human capital and it is a factor of production and a mode of service delivery in which many developing countries enjoy a comparative advantage. This dissertation focuses on temporary migration of skilled workers from poor to rich countries. The underlying assumption-based on economic models and empirical findings-is that a more liberal environment for temporary labour mobility would bring substantial welfare gains by stimulating economic growth and development. Consequently, the focal point is on trade rather than immigration (or so called 'brain circulation' rather than 'brain drain'). The dissertation is centred on three in-depth studies of some of the world's leading labour sending countries: Egypt, India and the Philippines; and some of their most prominent services sectors: education, IT, and health services
Seydi, Lansana. "Le commerce international de la Chine et du Brésil après l’ouverture du marché : La voie vers le développement ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030014.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the application of the theory of international trade in emerging countries of Asia and Latin America in particular in China and Brazil, in a process of globalization. This policy is done differently in China and Brazil in relation to regional and national, sometimes related to the comparative advantages of each country, leading one or the other, to adopt a policy based on export of low technological content [primary products], as is the case of Brazil. This primarization of Brazilian industry compared to that of China’s original interest rate policy very high in Brazil and China. The valuation of the Brazilian currency against the dollar affects its industry and is not conducive to the competitiveness of goods exported to the world market, thereby encouraging the entry of speculative capital inflows [not productive]. Although there is an improvement in macroeconomic indicators the Brazilian currency remains very valued against the dollar while the Chinese currency is valued very little. The empirical results obtained in this thesis indicate that China exports more goods to technology-and that Brazil has a higher opening
Castro-Lucas, de Souza Cristina. "Les relations entre l'innovation et la performance internationale pour les activités de service aux entreprises." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32037.
Full textThis research deals with service innovation and internationalization: how firms perform on international markets and get an edge thanks to innovation on service concept or service process. We tested the relationship between innovation and international performance, assessed the impact of innovation compared to other international advantages. Symmetrically, we also checked how far the internationalization process can be a powerful driver of innovation for service firms. After the development of a theoretical model, data were collected from a telephone survey. The target respondents of the survey were senior executives of internationalized service companies in France. Out of the 807 companies which were contacted, 51 usable responses were received. The data collected were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Partial Least Square method. The tested model shows that service innovation has a positive influence on international development and that the international competence, obtained in foreign markets, drives the dynamics of innovation in services company. The model proposed highlights the capabilities for R & D (organizational), relational, ICT, international competence, service and international experience as factors that impact the final results of internationalized companies, or more specifically, the international performance
Terrier, Eugénie. "Mobilités et expériences territoriales des étudiants internationaux en Bretagne : interroger le rapport mobilités spatiales - inégalités sociales à partir des migrations étudiantes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458198.
Full textBedet, Florian. "Essai sur la définition d’un statut juridique de la procédure de dédouanement des envois postaux." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS529/document.
Full textThe thesis undertaken aims to try to define a legal status of the procedure of taking out of bond of the postal sendings. The legal nature of the postal sendings justifies a customs treatment autonomous and distinct from the customs formalities applicable to the goods of the international commercial exchanges. The completed works should first of all help to answer the problems related to the legal difficulties of the definition of this procedure of specific taking out of bond and their consequences. The study will relate particularly to settlement of disputes between the customs authorities and the importers or exporters of international postal sendings in the event of litigation related to the taking out of bond. As a preliminary, it is thus necessary to raise and clarify the legal rules which are already applicable to the taking out of bond of the postal sendings, so much at the national and European level, that with the international level in this field. However, that appears difficult, and there is necessary to remain obstinate in front of the extreme diversity of the sources and the texts, strewn in many branches with the right. It is then necessarily necessary to try to redefine, clearly and simply, the concept of postal sending and the notion of universal postal service justifying the application of a specific procedure of taking out of bond of the postal sendings. The concept of universal postal service implies a fast taking out of bond of the postal sendings. The customs administrations have, they, the obligation to ensure the control of all the imported or exported goods their territories main roads. The main mission of the customs authorities is to protect the economic attractivity from the States. The customs agents must, on the one hand, take the customs duties and import taxes, on the other hand, to fight against the illicit traffics of goods prohibited or subjected to restriction. The delicate combination of the universalism of the postal service and the customs obligations must allow the recognition and the establishment of a procedure of taking out of bond specific to the postal sendings implying a new determination of the sendings concerned with the universal postal service and the installation of rules of taking out of bond obligatory and communes the whole of the international postal services. The implementation of an international cooperation reinforced between the postal services and the customs authorities is, in this direction, beforehand essential. The study must make it possible to make comprehensible, for the companies and the individuals national and European, the customs substantive law applicable to the postal taking out of bond. One will analyze in particular the customs infringements and rules sanctioning the various frauds which one finds most frequently in practice. The test on the definition of a legal status of the procedure of taking out of bond of the postal sendings will show that it is imperative to reinforce the powers and the means of control and sanctions of the customs authorities for this singular type of taking out of bond. The not-contentious and contentious appeals which are opened up for the debtors and applicants will also be the object of a particular treatment. The rights of the debtors or applicants are in particular ensured by the principle of control of the legality of the decisions of the Customs and Excise and of its agents by the legal judge. The legal judge and the European right limit and frame the exorbitant powers of the customs authorities
Al, Jehni Rania. "Règlement des différends relatifs à l investissement dans le système de règlement des différends de l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce (OMC) : « Étude comparative entre l’arbitrage investisseur-Etat et les mécanismes de règlement des différends de l’OMC »." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0051/document.
Full textForeign investors in services occupy a special position in international economic law: they are covered by international investment agreements as well as by multilateral disciplines on trade in services. Contrary to current practice, the two main components of international economic law, namely, trade law and investment law, merge. They share not only the principles and rules essentially equivalent, but their disciplines also apply to the same subjects and situations. International investment agreements and WTO rules on trade in services (GATS disciplines), although of a very different nature, present common principles that promote international investment in the services sector. In particular, the two sets of agreements devote obligations of non-discrimination between foreign and domestic investors in the services sector. In this situation, foreign investors also benefit from the obligations that both sets of instruments impose on the contracting States. These instruments provide for strong dispute settlement mechanisms in case of violation of their obligations. Foreign investors in the services sector can therefore use two alternative dispute settlement mechanisms to challenge the actions of their host countries that violate international obligations.The WTO, unlike ICSID, is much more than a simple dispute settlement system: the WTO has an important institutional element that has the capacity to provide and apply systemic values. This fundamental difference between the WTO dispute settlement system and ICSID arbitration provides an analytical perspective through which the study evaluates and compares the precise extent of overlap between the trade and investment disciplines, as well as the ability of private parties to use these dispute settlement mechanisms.From a methodological point of view, two approaches are conceivable. A comparative and contextual analysis: the focus is on the international agreements granting standing for private parties in international dispute settlement procedures. Attention is drawn to the International Trade and Investment Law, comparing the principles, rules and dispute settlement mechanisms of the international investment framework (including agreements that define international investment relations) and the rather limited investment framework of the WTO, mainly the relevant provisions of the GATS. An inductive approach, jurisprudence is also relevant. An extensive exploration of existing case law on each subject, in order to clarify the meaning of otherwise vague and ambiguous rules and ultimately to answer the question of whether WTO dispute settlement procedures could become a valid alternative for the settlement of disputes between the investor in service and the State