Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Échangeurs de chaleur – Matériaux'
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Almeida, Caroline Françolle de. "Nouveaux matériaux d’échangeurs de chaleur pour l’agroalimentaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2021_0205_FRANCOLLE_DE_ALMEIDA.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, carbonaceous materials were studied in their raw, impregnated, chemically grafted or coated state to replace stainless steel in heat exchangers and reduce fouling while improving energy efficiency. Different materials have been used: (i) graphite and graphite-based composites; (ii) glassy carbon with controlled surface energy and roughness to become bases of Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surface (SLIPS), and treated to become superhydrophobic. In addition, polymer-based coatings and surfaces with a 3D-printed texture were also prepared. Once these surfaces were characterized (composition, structure, surface properties, thermal conductivity), they were tested in terms of anti-fouling and fouling-release properties in a pasteurization pilot at l’institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement in Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. Among all these materials, graphite and graphite- polytetrafluoroethylene composite as well as Polyvinylidene fluoride and PTFE-based coatings showed good fouling-release properties. Glassy carbon became superhydrophilic after reactive ion etching, could be converted into SLIPS by introducing canola oil, and became superhydrophobic by grafting perfluorosilane chains onto it. The results of fouling tests showed that the more hydrophobic the surface, the greater the fouling mass, but that good fouling-release properties can be expected if their superhydrophobic character, or oil trapping for SLIPS, can be maintained over time. On the other hand, the fouling-release properties depend strongly on the product used and the process conditions as well as on surface properties such as roughness and surface energy
Benlamlih, Rachid. "Caracterisation de milieu poreux en vue du stockage actif de la chaleur dans l'habitat : milieu granulaire utilisant un materiau a changement de phase ; milieu alveolaire hygroscopique sous forme d'un beton poreux : application a un mur composite." Perpignan, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PERP0015.
Full textSoupart-Caron, Adèle. "Stockage de chaleur dans les matériaux à changement de phase." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI078/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the understanding of the heat transfer mechanisms and with the development of thermal energy storage system for the industrial waste heat recovery application. The use of Phase Change Materials (PCM) is attractive for its high storage density and its possibility to deliver heat at constant temperature. However, the PCM low thermal conductivity leads to develop heat transfer improvement methods, such as heat exchangers with increased heat transfer surface. The goal is to characterize the behavior of such heat exchangers An experimental study, where four several heat exchangers have been tested with different orientations (horizontal/vertical) and injection types (upward/downward), highlighted the impact of natural convection during the melting process and the volume contraction one during the solidification. These results have been validated through a 3D numerical model. A performance comparison method based on an energy calculation through an experimental mesh is proposed and enables to select a heat exchanger on criteria such as the storage density, the characteristic time and the cost. Three PCM, adapted to our application, have been tested at the intended temperature (100-200 °C) by integrating them into a storage system made of a stainless steel tube with aluminum circular fins. Their ability to resist to repeated cycles has been assessed and their behavior has been compared. The salts mixture, H105 (Tmelting = 122 °C), is not selected for the application because of it low storage density (≈ 56 kWh/m3) and its large melting area. The sebacic acid (Tmelting = 132 °C) has a repeatable behavior with cycles and a higher storage density (≈ 66 kWh/m3) and is appropriate as storage material. The sugar alcohol, erythritol (Tmelting = 118 °C), has good thermo-physical properties (128 kWh/m3) but the crystallization control is a key point to use it as a PCM
Bolmont, Mickaël. "Comportement en milieu salin de nouveaux échangeurs de chaleur en aciers inoxydables." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0261.
Full textHeat exchangers are used in many sectors because they represent essential components for the development of industrial processes. Researches focusing on the development of innovative exchangers necessarily require a metallurgical study to determine the optimal alloy composition and design process. It is within this framework that the present study took place through an institutional project financially supported by Five's Cryogénics and the "Grand Est" region. The physicochemical study was undertaken to evaluate the resistance to aqueous corrosion in chloride media of new exchangers made of stainless steel of high purity and assembled by a brazing process performed at 1200°C. The objective was to acquire the best knowledge as possible of the fundamental corrosion processes that could affect the devices envisaged for specific service conditions. The objective of the first step was to characterize the microstructure of steels and brazing alloy before and after heat treatment (TH). The obtained results led to the determination of the microstructural transformation during heat treatment (HT). In particular, they showed that 316LTi steel is less subject to granular coarsening than 316L stainless steel. In addition, they evidenced the existence of Cr6Ni16Si7 remains controversial and that hinder the establishment of reliable thermodynamic models. The objective of the second step was to concentrate the investigations on the chemical reactivity in chlorinated aqueous media of the different intermetallic phases identified during the microstructural study. The electrochemical measurements have made it possible to characterize their resistance to corrosion and led to the following major results: i) the two stainless steels are susceptible to pitting corrosion and 316LTi substrate show higher performance that 316L alloy at 25 ° C but both exhibit identical performance at 60 ° C, ii) they are passivable and the passive layer produced at high temperature is particularly protective, iii ) the constitutive phases of the brazing alloy (before TH) and those appearing after heat treatment (post TH) are cathodic compared to both stainless steels and iv) they can protect them by playing the role of soluble anodes. The objective of the last step was to evaluate the behavior of different assemblies through immersion tests of several thousand hours. The obtained re.sults clearly show that after 2000 hours the tested devices are resistant to corrosion provided
Seghrouchni, Mohammed. "Contribution à l'étude d'un échangeur granulaire à termes sources inductifs distribués : application au chauffage d'un fluide." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT084H.
Full textMai, Ton Hoang. "Etudes dynamique et thermique d’écoulements d'air dans une cavité de grand rapport d'allongement en régime in-stationnaire." Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0062.
Full text[In our present work we develop detailed numerical soltwares of the thermal and dynamic behaviour of an thermal instillation wall used to recover power with a counter flow heat exchanger integrated between the extracted and renewed air flow of one building. The first part consists of a theoretical study in in-stationary regime when the system is submitted to a sudden step air flow variation and the energetic gain brought by the exchanger presence. Aeraulics and thermal effects are taken into account in the wall model. Real scale apparatus is modified to obtain a rigours control of the aeraulics and thermal parameters permitting experimentations for the validation of theoretical results. This study leads to air flows modelling of an open vertical cavity weak ventilated with a large aspect ratio. All of these results permit at first to envisage the running mode of the system and secondly to better encircle convection heat transfer phenomenon at fluid-wall interface. In the second part, we study the thermal and energetic performances of this exchange wall integrated in a single zone building. Then we compute of the energy savings brought up by the wall and we compare its energetic gain in relation to other "dynamic" insulation systems (parieto-dynamic, parieto + Heat pump. . . )]
Costea, Monica. "Augmentation des performances des échangeurs de chaleur en vue de l'optimisation thermodynamique de la machine de Stirling ; transfert de chaleur en régime instationnaire en milieu poreux." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10184.
Full textDamotte, Hervé. "Intensification des transferts de chaleur dans un échangeur en matériau polymérique. : Etude de l’écoulement gazeux et des performances thermiques." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0098.
Full textPolymers have gradually replaced materials traditionally used in many industrially manufactured equipment. The utilization of such materials in compact heat exchangers requires the pressure drop and thermal characterization of the new surfaces. In the present research project, two geometries of heat exchangers made of polymeric materials has been studied: a tube bundle and a plates equipped with internal channels for the liquid flow. The experimental results for the tube bundle are compared with data available in the literature. A survey of the enhanced heat transfer literature provided guidelines for the selection of the surfaces to be used in the preliminary flow visualization investigation. These data, in turn, allowed for the final decision concerning the design of the exchanger to be tested. These were wavy plate exchangers and plates equiped with two-dimensional protrusions. The thermal performances obtained equalled or surpassed those of the same volume metallic exchanger whereas the pressure drop over the surface was substantially higher. Laminar flow between the plates was observed. The experimental results were also compared with those of a smooth polymer surface. Local flow conditions between two adjacent smooth or enhanced plates were also investigated
Villemure, Charles. "Optimisation à l'aide d'algorithmes génétiques d'un stratifié poreux soumis à un flux thermique en convection naturelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24394/24394.pdf.
Full textBouquet, Nicolas. "Etude de la formation des joints soudés par diffusion : application aux échangeurs de chaleur compacts." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS050/document.
Full textCompact diffusion bonded heat exchangers are an attractive option in many fields (nuclear, (petro-)chemistry, solar…) due to their performance. This type of concept is especially intended for manufacturing the energy conversion system of the ASTRID reactor. During diffusion bonding by HIP, the problem is twofold: the channel deformation and microstructure evolution must be controlled, while at the same time, highly resistant interfaces are desired. This thesis is focused on the understanding and the control of the bonded components microstructure prepared by HIP in order to define « process » criteria to achieve welds in agreement with specifications of components containing fluidic channels: interfaces unaffected by the process and small grain size. After a detailed characterization of their surface and microstructural evolution during heating, the behavior of AISI 316L austenitic steel sheets has been examined in a parametric study by varying the parameters related to process (diffusion bonding temperature and pressure) and welding material (thickness, surface finish…). The results show that the interface formation is driven by conventional grain growth mechanisms with an interfacial pining more or less marked depending on surface characteristics. The mechanical properties of assemblies have been tested to determine the influence of defects. Though pores are the most critical default, the influence of other heterogeneities has also been highlighted. The different steps of bond formation have been identified by performing interrupted diffusion bonding test. The interest of modeling approach by Level-Set method to simulate microstructure evolution has been finally discussed
Nemer, Maroun. "Modélisation de fours de brasage sous vide et validation expérimentale. Méthode de réduction du temps de brasage." Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1348.
Full textSadouk, Hamza Chérif. "Modélisation de l'encrassement en régime turbulent dans un échangeur de chaleur à plaques avec un revêtement fibreux sur les parois." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00499251.
Full textPaturaud, Josselin. "Etude des phénomènes de fatigue sur les alliages d'aluminium brasés de faibles épaisseurs pour les échangeurs thermiques automobiles." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI011/document.
Full textNowadays, most of the automotive heat exchangers are made of brazed aluminium sheets. Due to economic and environmental issues, the thickness of heat exchanger components have been reduced. Concomitantly, the stress undergone by the heat exchanger increased which raised the risk of fatigue failure, and particularly on tube for radiators. In this work, a detailed characterization of the cyclic damage mechanisms in car heat exchangers has been carried out. The standard material used to make radiator is a very thin (plu petit que 0.27mm) aluminium sheet composed by 3 layers (4045 /3916/ 4045). To assess the effect of the structure of this “sandwich” on the damage mechanisms, materials composed of a single layer (3916) and composed of 4 layers (4045/3003/3916/4045) have also been studied. All materials have been brazed in similar industrial conditions in order to obtain representative metallurgical and surface conditions. Fatigue tests at constant stress amplitude have been performed at room temperature, -30°C and 120°C to i) characterize the sandwich structure effect on the cyclic resistance of the studied materials and ii) to study the effect of temperature on the fatigue damage mechanism.Crack initiation and propagation have been observed by 2D and 3D monitoring techniques. These techniques, in addition to a detailed microstructure characterization of the materials, allowed to clarify the damage mechanisms leading to fracture in fatigue of these thin sheets and, in particular, to point out the key role of the residual clad (left by the 4XXX melting) on the damage mechanisms
Piton, Maxime. "Récupération de la chaleur fatale : application aux fours rotatifs." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMNA0235/document.
Full textThis work results on a finding: the heat loss from rotary kiln represents a significant energy amount during materials processing in civil engineering domain. Motivated by traditional energy recovery methods from heat exchanger, this thesis is aimed at providing their rigorous thermodynamic diagnostics. Firstly, a thermal-granular model is developed, and then validated in asphalt plant whose the rotary kiln is composed of flights to ensure the materials mixing. Their cross-section distribution is calculated from a granular discharge law. The numerical experiments showed an increase of heat transfer phenomena between gases and solids, and those between the solids and the wall, this latter phenomenon limiting the process performances. Heat recovery exchanger applied to the rotary kiln is studied from a semi-industrial pilot based on a rotor stator configuration including a tangential inlet. Developing a Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille flow, the heat transfer results are undoubted in the range of the studied Reynolds numbers: the axial motion contribution is larger than the rotational turbulent motion. A dimension less criterion is proposed in order to be applied to the aforementioned integrated model including the heat exchanger applied to the rotary kiln, its effect being assessed upon the internal thermalprofiles. Finally, the vortices flow structure within the annular gap exchanger is studied from Large Eddy simulation. The amplitude and frequency passage of the contrarotatives cells located in the turbulent boundary layer are connected to the process parameters (the axial flowrate and the kiln shell rotation)
Latef, Kaddour. "Contribution à la propagation des ondes et aux transferts thermiques dans les matériaux multicouches et aux modélisations des échanges thermiques." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10110.
Full textArzamendia, Lopez Juan Pablo. "Métholodogie de conception des matériaux architecturés pour le stockage latent dans le domaine du bâtiment." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0060/document.
Full textThe use of energy storage systems that exploit latent heat represents a promising solution to erase the heating demand of residential buildings during periods of peak demand. Equipping a building with such components can contribute to the goal of peak shaving in terms of public electricity grid supply. Significant drawbacks, however, are the low thermal conductivity of Phase Change Materials (PCM) that typically constitute such systems,and the requirement for a high rate of discharge. Consequently, the use of so-called architectured materials has been put forward as a means to optimize the effective conductivity of storage materials. Our work is focused upon the development of a methodology to design optimal materials for such systems that meet the criteria of energy storage and energy output. A so-called “top-down metholodogy” was implemented for the present work. This approach includes three scales of interest: building (top), system and material (down). The aim of the building scale analysis is to formulate a set of general design requirements. These are complemented by performance indicators, which are defined at the scale of the system. Finally, at the scale of the material, the architecture of the identified material is elaborated. A numerical simulation tool was developed to determine performance indicators for a latent heat energy storage system comprising of an air/PCM heat exchanger. This model was tested against a benchmark analytical solution and validated though comparison to experimental data. The developed methodology is applied to the specific case of an air/PCM exchanger latent-heat energy storage system. The system is analysed through the study of dimensionless numbers, which provide a set of design indicators for the system. As a result of this stage, the optimal material and functional properties are thus identified. Finally, an architectured material is proposed that would satisfy the design requirements of the storage system. We demonstrate that an arrangement composed of a sandwich of planar layers with nails and PCM can offer the required material properties. Furthermore, in order to meet the desired functional properties, the system design is modified by the addition of fins at the exchange surfaces. With the addition of 20 fins of 3mm thickness attached to the exchange surface of the sandwich panel, the storage system eliminated the heating demand for 2 hours during the period of high daily demand in winter
Lissner, Michael. "Utilisation des matériaux à changement de phase pour une gestion thermique optimale des modules de refroidissement moteur." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066063.
Full textIntegration of heat accumulator within engine cooling systems allows to optimize powertrain thermal management and to reduce vehicles consumption and pollutant emissions. Interest of such accumulators lies in their capacity to store and release energy within phase change materials (PCM) with powers in accordance with the automotive needs. Scientific problem concerns heat transfer enhancement, for a limited volume, in a phase change material. The use of compact heat exchangers filled with PCM and the optimization of fin design allow to maximize heat transfer thanks to extended heat transfer area with PCM. On the other hand, energy storage capacity is optimized by increasing PCM volume ratio. The problem is approached by two ways: theoretically, by the development of a numerical model of optimization, and experimentally, by the development of a test bench and several prototypes. The numerical model of heat accumulator, validated with test results, was used to run a parametric study to optimize the conception of the heat accumulator, in particular the fin design. Finally, integration of this new component within the cooling system in order to improve the warm-up of the powertrain has shown significant gains on the functioning time of engine during cold start, leading to reduced pollutant emissions
Buteri, Aurélien. "Etude de l'endommagement en fatigue d'alliages d'aluminium brasés pour échangeurs thermiques automobiles." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0077/document.
Full textThe automotive industry, like many other industrial fields, requires the use of heat thermal exchangers to allow optimal thermal service conditions of the engine (around 90°C for a car engine). The exchangers’ reliability has to be guaranteed to avoid a decrease of the engine efficiency or detrimental mechanical damage resulting from too high service temperatures. It is therefore necessary to control the different damage modes of such thermal heat exchangers according to the conditions of use. Thanks to their good thermal, corrosion and mechanical properties, aluminium alloys have steadily replaced copper alloys and brass for manufacturing heat exchangers in cars or trucks. Such components have been constantly optimized in terms of exchange surface area and, nowadays, this has led to Al components in heat exchangers with a typical thickness of the order of 0.2 to 1.5 mm. With such small thicknesses, the load levels experienced by heat exchangers components has drastically increased leading to an important research effort in order to improve the resistance to damage development during service life. Two industrial materials made of 3 co-rolled aluminium alloys (total thickness 0.27 mm) have been studied. In spite of their small thickness, the materials exhibit a composite structure comprising a core material (3xxx alloy) and 2 clads (4xxx and/or 7xxx alloys according to material configuration: 4xxx/3xxx/4xxx or 4xxx/3xxx/7xxx). The lower melting point 4xxx alloy is used for producing the heat exchanger assembly during a brazing process while the 7xxx alloy improves internal corrosion resistance. Such complex architecture, combined to the severe brazing thermal treatment, leads to important microstructural modifications, mainly characterized by the formation of brazing joints or Clad Solidification Drops (CSD) on the surface. Both of them are responsible for significant gradients of the mechanical properties on the thickness. The present study is based on an original experimental and numerical approach developed to characterise the different fatigue damage mechanisms operating in such thin heterogeneous structures. Digital image correlation (2D-3D) and X-rays tomography (at different resolutions) have been used to analyze the crack initiation and propagation mechanisms, highlighting the impact of each clad on each damage step. While the 4xxx clad corresponds to preferential crack initiation zones, the 7xxx clad seems to affect significantly the crack propagation phase. Finite Elements simulations have been carried out to complete these experimental observations, putting forward an accurate quantification of the surface state influence (through the CSD). All the different results and observations made on fatigue samples with a simplified geometry have been finally confirmed by fatigue tests on thermal exchanger configurations
Bykalyuk, Anna. "Contribution à l'étude des échanges convectifs à l'interface fluide paroi en présence de matériaux à changement de phase : Application au bâtiment." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0132/document.
Full textRecent experimental studies have shown that the usual values of the convective heat transfer coefficient h are no longer valid in the presence of phase change materials. Three separate models were developed. Initially a model 1 which treats the fluid-wall (constant temperature) interaction in steady laminar flow has been developed and validated. Then, the wall with heat capacity (model 2) subjected to an air temperature ramp were studied. Finally, a third model (3) has been developed which treats the interaction fluid-wall which contains a phase change material. The results show local peaks of heat flow over time. This fact reflects the phase change inside the wall. Moreover, the curves of the convective heat transfer coefficient indicate the dependence of the coefficient h to the wall’s energy storage capacity. Therefore, the presence of the phase change materials within a wall effect and changes the shape of the thermal boundary layer
Amokrane, Mounir. "Étude et mise en œuvre de couplage thermoélectrique en vue de l'intensification d'échange de chaleur par morphing électroactif." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11499/1/amokrane_partie_1_2.pdf.
Full textSchaal, Emmanuel. "Comportement en corrosion de matériaux métalliques commerciaux et modèles dans des conditions types UVEOM." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0192/document.
Full textCorrosion of heat exchangers is an economic and technical issue in Waste-to-energy plants. It is caused by the combined action of (i) flue gas containing HCl and SO2 and (ii) chlorides and alkali sulfates rich ash. This work is part of the ANR project SCAPAC (supported by the ANR-11-RMNP 0016) and focused on the influence of experimental parameters on the corrosion behavior of two commercial alloys used in Waste-to-Energy plants: the 16Mo3 steel and the nickel-based alloy Inconel 625. This study allowed to highlight that the presence of molten phase, the increase in the chloride content, the presence of 10% by weight of ZnCl2 in the ash mixtures and the presence of corrosive gases (HCl, SO2) in the atmosphere are three factors that have induced an higher corrosion of materials, more pronounced on the iron alloy base. Another part of the work has been focused on the influence of alloying elements Fe, Cr and Mo. Thus, model alloys with compositions oscillating around the composition of Inconel 625 commercial alloy were synthesized by high frequency induction and their corrosion resistance was evaluated in air and in corrosive atmosphere. Good optimization of the commercial alloy has been demonstrated in air. In corrosive atmosphere, a minimum chromium content was required to obtain a good corrosion resistance
Mustapha, Rasha. "Hybrid refrigeration system with a novel membrane exchanger." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM073.
Full textThe major objective of this thesis is to propose a methodology and a modeling tool to design high performance, affordable and flexible hybrid refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It focuses on hybrid systems based on coupling a desiccant cycle with a vapor compression cycle allowing an efficient humidity control in air conditioning applications and a frost free operation in refrigeration applications. The work was developed to investigate a novel design of a membrane based heat and mass exchanger using original membrane materials and new design related to liquid distribution. The design takes advantage of materials with low cost that are experimentally tested using a new methodology to infer their water vapor permeability that greatly affects the mass transfer. A prototype of the designed membrane exchanger is then built and a modeling approach of the heat and mass transfer phenomena is developed and is supported by experimental characterization. This model is then used to study the energy interest of the integration of these exchangers in air conditioning applications and to design a flexible architecture able to cope with the seasonal variation of the latent to sensible load ratio. The results show that the studied hybrid system present promising alternatives for conventional cycles where they can significantly improve the performance and decrease the consumption of electricity
Ramadane, Abdel-Haq. "Les évaporateurs-absorbeurs-échangeurs : nouveaux concepts, modélisation, expérimentation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10017.
Full textJadal, Mariam. "Conception et caractérisation d'un échangeur-stockeur composé d'un matériau à changement de phase dopé en conductivité." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4008.
Full textThe recovery of thermal waste is an important factor to improve the efficiency and economy of energy. Latent heat storage appears to be a promising solution of this problem and to synchronize the production and consumption of energy. We are interested in industrial applications with short thermal cycles. However, Phase Change Materials have low thermal conductivity. A concept based on paraffin and Expanded Natural Graphite (ENG) was manufactured and characterized. PCM has crystallization kinetics with two different transformations. The crystallization kinetics function of each transformation has been identified. The planar thermal conductivity, and the thermal contact resistance was identified in solid and liquid phases, using an experimental device coupled with a numerical model developing an inverse method. A phase change study of a plate and of an encapsulated aluminum cylinder was carried out using three energy conservation methods (enthalpy method, apparent specific heat, and crystallization kinetics), and experimentally validated. A 2D finite element simulation, associated with an analytical method was used for a tubular exchanger composed of a network of plate. Finally, an aging study of a single plate and encapsulated cylinders was carried out. The study confirms the thermal stability of the composite material
Marck, Gilles. "Optimisation topologique des transferts de chaleur et de masse : application aux échangeurs de chaleur." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00794779.
Full textOrtega, Del Rosario Maria de los Ángeles. "Système de stockage et transfert d'énergie par chaleur latente adaptable au rafraîchissement d’air en bâtiments : conception et analyse thermique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0197/document.
Full textThe present work aims to design and study an air-PCM heat exchanger unit as a passive solution for thermal comfort assessment in buildings during summertime, providing tools to ease the design and building integration. The PCM present a large storage capacity per volume unit where by, they can contribute to the reduction of the energy consumption related to cooling applications. Although, theyshow some drawbacks, as a low thermal conductivity in commercial PCM, so a wellthought design of these kind of systems is necessary to achieve adequate thermal performances.The first part of this thesis surveys the existing systems through a literature review,highlighting the geometry relation with the physics and thermal performance. This search provided the bases for the development of an air-PCM unit design, following a problem-solving methodology developed by the I2M laboratory. A keyword matrix was obtained from the physical phenomena and functional analysis of the unit. From this matrix, the patents analysis provided inspiration for the design resulting in a tubebundle air-PCM heat exchanger with vertical tubes aligned perpendicular to the airflow.The development of design and integration in buildings tools was sought through a modeling that can accurately predict the thermal performance of the system.Simplified models are preferred for this task. Nevertheless, they can under predict the actual performance if the physical phenomena involved is not properly accounted. Then, local and global experimental approaches were used to achieve anunderstanding of the physics associated with charging and discharging cycles in theunit. For this, a test bench was installed, measuring temperature and airflow underdifferent in let conditions, accompanied by a visual tracking through digital images.Image and data processing were used to obtain thermal performance indicators and equivalent correlations using known dimensionless numbers for convective conductive heat transfer mechanisms in the PCM.These findings allowed the development of thermal models based on energy balances, that accounted the complexity of phenomena involved in the unit for performance prediction. Finally, the thermal performance of the system was tested intwo buildings applications: as a mobile unit in a PEH house in Gradignan and as anactive façade in a building in Talence
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo diseñar y estudiar una unidad intercambiador de calor aire-PCM como presentan una solución pasiva al conforttérmico en edificios durante el verano, proporcionando herramientas para facilitar el diseño y la integración en edificios. Los PCM una gran capacidad de almacenamiento por unidad de volumen, por lo que pueden contribuir a la reducción del consumo de energía relacionado con las aplicaciones de refrigeración. Estos materiales presentan algunos inconvenientes en cual su uso, como una baja conductividad térmica, típica en PCM comerciales, por lo es necesario un diseño que tome en cuenta esta problemática para lograr rendimientos térmicos adecuados. La primera parte de esta tesis examina los sistemas existentes a través de unarevisión de la literatura, destacando la relación de geometría con los fenómenos físicos y el rendimiento térmico. Esta búsqueda proporcionó las bases para el desarrollo de un diseño de unidad aire-PCM, siguiendo una metodología de resolución de problemas desarrollada por el laboratorio I2M. Se obtuvo una matrizde palabras clave a partir de los fenómenos físicos y el análisis funcional de launidad. A partir de esta matriz, el análisis de patentes proporcionó inspiración para el diseño que dio como resultado un intercambiador de calor PCM de aire y haz detubos verticales alineados perpendicularmente al flujo de aire.El desarrollo del diseño y la integración en herramientas de edificios se buscó através de un modelo que pudiese predecir con precisión el rendimiento térmico delsistema. Los modelos simplificados son los preferidos para esta tarea. Sin embargo,su poder de predicción puede verse afectada si los fenómenos físicos involucradosno se contabilizan adecuadamente. Es por ello que se utilizaron enfoques experimentales locales y globales para lograr una comprensión de la física asociadacon los ciclos de carga y descarga en la unidad. Se realizó una instalación de unbanco de pruebas, que permitió mediciones de temperatura y flujo de aire en diferentes condiciones de entrada, acompañado de un seguimiento visual a travésde imágenes digitales. El procesamiento de imágenes y datos se utilizó para obtener indicadores de rendimiento térmico y correlaciones a partir de números adimensionales relacionados con mecanismos de transferencia de calor porconvección y conducción en el PCM.Estos hallazgos permitieron el desarrollo de modelos térmicos para la predicción delrendimiento, basados en balances de energía de cada volumen de control.Finalmente, el rendimiento térmico del sistema se probó en dos aplicaciones deedificios: como una unidad móvil en una casa PEH en Gradignan y dentro de una oficina del laboratorio I2M
Abdelaziz, Fadila. "Contribution à l'étude de la convection dans les faisceaux tubulaires : effets de l'orientation des tubes et de la génération de bulles en paroi." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10459.
Full textAllen, Benoît. "Optimisation d'échangeurs de chaleur : condenseur à calandre, réseau d'échangeurs de chaleur et production d'eau froide." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27364/27364.pdf.
Full textPapadopoulos, Alexandros. "Contribution à l'étude des échangeurs à contact direct sel-gaz utilisant la chaleur latente." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0039.
Full textWeber, Christophe. "Développement de méthodes d'analyse avancées de données expérimentales sur les phénomènes d'encrassement d'échangeurs thermiques en conditions réelles de fonctionnement." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4045.
Full textThe lack of dedicated tools, enabling at industrials to act effectively on the fouling phenomena in heat exchanger is the origin of this study. The purpose of the thesis is to develop a methodology in order to assess - in situ -at the characteristic parameters of the fouling effects, implement and then validate the data analysis methods to extract a fouling effects prediction tools from the knowledge of a limited number of operating data. This approach realized for different identified and instrumented thermohydraulic systems favors the fouling process in heat exchangers on charged water. We will focus on the phenomena of fouling of heat exchangers in a real environment, with emphasis on the development of methodologies to identify the fouling kinetic's and on the approach for validation of practical and concrete cases. Finally, application of a maintenance program by different cleaning strategies limiting the degradation of the efficiency of the facilities studied will be conducted: it will identify the most appropriate strategies. The purpose of the initiative, intended to run for any installation, is to develop an expert tool from reduced amount of information. This tool assesses to evaluate the kinetics of fouling of the thermal equipment for a future period and develop a maintenance practice from the perspective of reducing energy costs and costs of intervention
Hamza, Anis. "Amélioration du transfert de chaleur à l’interface solide/fluide des échangeurs de Soleil." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMS026/document.
Full textThe purpose of this Ph. D. thesis is to develop a methodology and an experimental set-up for the study of the heat transfer problem in the cooling of the light beam absorber used in Synchrotron SOLEIL. Three different prototypes of the heat sink with mini-channels and diamond shaped pin fins were manufactured and tested experimentally. The test facility allows the measurements in both atmospheric conditions and under low pressure in a vacuum chamber.Measurement of the thermal contact resistance were also conducted for the heat sinks. This is an important issue in the cooling of the optics on their back side. These resistances have been minimized by the application of a silver thin layer coating.We have proposed here also a basis of a new technique for the resolution of the inverse problem by a combination of several tests with localized heat excitation. This technique has greatly reduced the number of numerical calculations in the adjoint problem and achieved a rapid convergence to the solution. It should be improved for minimizing the effects of the measurement errors on the heat transfer coefficient curve
El, Khatib Hamed. "Etude expérimentale des écoulements thermoconvectifs le long d'une plaque verticale non uniformément chauffée dans une cavité (Rayleigh de l'ordre de 108)." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0033.
Full textSurugue, Evelyne. "Étude de l'influence de la puissance de l'échangeur sur la stratification dans un ballon de stockage d'eau chaude sanitaire : contribution à l'étude du coefficient d'échange des échangeurs serpentins." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120021.
Full textGherasim, Iulian. "Contributions à l'analyse de l'écoulement et du transfert de chaleur dans les échangeurs de chaleur à plaques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1965.
Full textHamdad, Ahmed. "Pompe à chaleur sol-eau." Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0080.
Full textAnjorin, Malahimi. "Étude de l'encrassement d'échangeurs de chaleur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL147N.
Full textBambang, Teguh Prasetyo. "Etude expérimentale du couplage convection rayonnement appliqué à des échangeurs de chaleur industriels à haute température." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0311.
Full textLopez-Velasco, Jean-Baptiste. "Etude aérothermique expérimentale et numérique d'un système de refroidissement de parois de chambres de combustion de turbines à gaz à faibles émissions polluantes." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2316.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the conception and testing of a device which promotes the heat flux of a double-wall for low emissions combustion systems. The literature study prevailed the use of Offset Strip Fins (OSF) as heat flux promoter. Three double-wall with OSF have been tested in a combustion test cell equipped with: gas analysers, for calculating discharge coefficients, pressure sensors, thermocouples, and infrared thermometry. Velocity measurements on a 40 scale OSF also have been obtained by using Laser Doppler Anemometry. A simplified 1D model, capable of calculating temperatures profiles or analysing the experiments, is presented. The comparisons between the experimental results and the 1D / 3D RANS Fluent calculations permitted the evaluation of the Manglik & Bergles correlations concerning the pressure drop and the heat transfer coefficient of heat exchangers of the type OSF. After presenting the specific methodology of analysis a new correlation is derived
Cazenave, Florian. "Modélisation et simulation de l’encrassement des échangeurs de chaleur pour eaux géothermales." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3013/document.
Full textIn the framework of the theme devoted to the energy transition, the “Laboratoire de Thermique Energétique et Procédés” (LaTEP) is working on deep geothermal energy. This thesis focuses on the study of the fouling phenomenon of surface heat exchangers and more specifically on the modelling and the simulation of the evolution of a deposit. Fouling leads to loss of efficiency and requires means of prevention and cleaning, leading to huge over-costs. The proposed general model describes heterogeneous reactions between two multi-component phases, one liquid and the other solid. The liquid phase is a solution containing ions diluted in a solvent, while the solid is composed of immobile constituents. Transport by electro-migration is taken into account in the description. At the interface between the two phases, multiple heterogeneous reactions occur. The boundary conditions involves the interface’s velocity and allow a complete coupling between the two domains. This general model is then applied to the particular case of fouling of a pipe by salt formation and is solved using Comsol Multiphysics. Simulation of a simplified case of fouling from barium sulfate allowed an analysis of the phenomenology of the deposit growth. It highlights the effects of changes in solubility and kinetics caused by the temperature drop in the tube, as well as the effect of radial mobility of the species by diffusion, limiting the growth. Electro-migration contributes significantly to transport but does not influence the thickness of the deposit. The hypothesis of an instantly balanced barite crystallization reaction leads to an overestimation of the fouling. In a second time, more species are added to the water’s composition in order to study the influence of the presence of sodium chloride at 1 mol.L-1. Finally, the addition of strontium ions leads to co-precipitation of barite and celestine
Mabit, Jérôme. "Étude thermomécanique dans un échangeur de chaleur à surface raclée." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2081.
Full textNiederreiter, John. "Investigation of a novel heat conveyor type of heat exchanger." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29026/29026.pdf.
Full textAthier, Gilles. "Optimisation des flux thermiques au sein de réseaux d'échangeurs de chaleur." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT005G.
Full textArgaud, Thierry. "Amélioration énergétique des cycles de givrage-dégivrage des PAC air/eau réversibles sur plancher chauffante." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP0998.
Full textSonnet, Dominique. "Développement d'un échangeur de chaleur solides/solides à jets de particules : étude de l'hydrodynamique du système et du mélange des particules sur maquette froide." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP565S.
Full textLagarenne, Denis. "Récupération d’énergie par les régénérateurs de chaleur des fours de verrerie : expérimentation, modélisation, optimisation." Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0052.
Full text[This study deals with energy recovery in high temperature regenerators of glass industry. Experiments are performed in real conditions, on an full industrial scale regenerator , specially designed and built for this stud. The measurements allow on investigation of the whole s stem and an original local description of the heat exchanger. Different methods are used to calculate the thermal performance of the regenerator The heat transfer mechanisms are analysed with some mix convection phenomenon. A new transient thermal simulation has been developed. The model is justified by the experiments. A new geometry of heat transfer surface is proposed to optimize the energy recovered. ]
Ouchetto, Mohamed. "Contribution a l'étude des transferts thermiques pour des évaporateurs de pompe a chaleur : Application au chauffage d'un bâtiment." Angers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ANGE0007.
Full textLeduc, Guillaume. "Analyse directe et inverse des échanges radiatifs : application à une enceinte habitée." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30250.
Full textGuichard, Aurélie. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation d'échangeur compact multifonctionnel en réaction catalytique." Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000591/.
Full textProcess engineering design is based on four principles: compactness, cost, security and environmental compatibility. These principles are well suited with those of sustainable development. In many chemical industrial processes, four main operations are considered: mixing, reaction, heat transfer and separation. Currently, these operations are carried out in separate devices. Thus the purpose of multifunctional heat exchangers is to combine at least two operations in one device. The term heat exchanger- reactor usually includes two processes, the chemical reaction and the heat transfer. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the interest of using compact heat exchangers (metallic fins orfoam) for catalytic reactions in process engineering. In this case, the heat exchanger is designed as a catalytic reactor, so its walls support the catalyst and the wall heat flux controls the rate of reaction. First, thermal hydraulic phenomena have been experimentally investigated to characterize the heatexchanger- reactor. This study allows to establish specific correlations for each structure. Therefore, the hydrogen production by methanol steam reforming has been selected as a model reaction to test performance of heat exchanger-reactor. Several coating techniques have been tested. Then, a systematic study with the chosen catalyst has been done for each structure to compare there chemical performances. Finally, the development and qualification of a mathematical model based on a series of CSTRs have been carried out to represent and describe the experiments. This modelling has been used to design a heat exchanger-reactor prototype to supply a fuel cell for a car
Ferrouillat, Sébastien. "Étude du micro-mélange pour la caractérisation des performances d'échangeurs-réacteurs compacts multifonctionnels." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2076.
Full textVarious design parameters of compact heat exchanger-reactors have been characterized in order to develop a new methodology for their design and optimization. The use of compact heat exchanger as a chemical reactor constitutes a significant break trough towards a new approach of chemical processes. In order to answer the compelling operation requirements, heat and mass transfer phenomena must be precisely investigated. Therefore, by using an original physico-chemical method, micro-mixing and thermo-hydraulics of turbulent flows have been studied to compare heat and mass transfer performance of selected geometries. Based on the results of this study a substantial data base is built. Using this database a novel process modeling has led to a creative design of future compact heat-exchanger reactors
Renard, Bertrand. "Thermo-Hydraulic behaviour of dual-channel superconducting Cable-In-Conduit Conductors for ITEER." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11030.
Full textIn an effort to optimise the cryogenics of large superconducting coils for fusion applications (ITER), dual channel Cable-In-Conduit Conductors (CICC) are designed with a central channel spiral to provide low hydraulic resistance and faster helium circulation. The qualitative and economic rationale of the conductor central channel is here justified to limit the superconductor temperature increase, but brings more complexity to the conductor cooling characteristics. The pressure drop of spirals is experimentally evaluated in nitrogen and water and an explicit hydraulic friction model is proposed. Temperatures in the cable must be quantified to guarantee superconductor margin during coil operation under heat disturbance and set adequate inlet temperature. Analytical one-dimensional thermal models, in steady state and in transient, allow to better understand the thermal coupling of CICC central and annular channels. The measurement of a heat transfer characteristic space and time constants provides cross-checking experimental estimations of the internal thermal homogenisation. A simple explicit model of global interchannel heat exchange coefficient is proposed. The risk of thermosiphon between the two channels is considered since vertical portions of fusion coils are subject to gravity. The new hydraulic model, heat exchange model and gravitational risk ratio allow the thermohydraulic improvement of CICC central spirals
Um die Kryogen-Benutzung und -Kontrolle der Supraleitenden Großmagneten für die Kernfusion (ITER) zu optimieren, wurde der Zweikanalrohrsupraleiterkabel (CICC) mit einer zentralen Spirale entworfen. Der Zentralkanal soll einen minimalen hydraulischen Widerstand und einen schnellen Heliumverkehr gewährleisten, führt jedoch zu einer schwierigeren Abkühlung des Kabels. Das qualitative und ökonomische Grundprinzip der Leiterspirale wird hier durch die Begrenzung der Supraleitertemperatur gerechtfertigt. Der Druckabfall der zentralen Spirale wird experimentell am Stickstoff und danach am Druckwasser ausgewertet und daraus ein hydraulisches Modell vorgeschlagen. Die Temperaturen im Kabel müssen quantitativ bekannt sein, um Hitzestörungen des Supraleiters während des Betriebes der Spule zu verhindern, sowie um ausreichende Spielräume mit entsprechend niedriger Eintrittstemperatur einzustellen. Es wurde analytische eindimensionale Modelle entwickelt, um die thermische Kopplung zwischen den Kanälen des CICC im Dauer- und Übergangszustand besser zu verstehen. Die Messung der Raum- und Zeit-Konstanten liefert eine Versuchsbewertung der internen thermischen Homogenisierung. Es wird ein einfaches und ausdrückliches Modell des globalen Zwischenkanal-Wärmeaustauschkoeffizienten vorgeschlagen. Das bestehende Thermosiphonrisiko zwischen den zwei Kanälen bei vertikale Fusionsspulen verweist auf ein Kriterium. Das neue hydraulische Modell, das Wärmeaustauschmodell und das Kriterium des Thermosiphonrisikos erlauben schließlich die thermohydraulische Optimierung der Kabel-Zentralspirale