Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Échec scolaire'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Échec scolaire.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Baril-Rogel, Nicole. "Processus mentaux et échec scolaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29157.
Full textRosolen, Aline. "Causes, coûts et prévention de l'échec scolaire." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10062.
Full textScholastic tutoring is defined as a set of actions designed to foster a child' s success at school, implying efforts and resources, that are not found in the child' s family and social environment. Helping a child to do his homework and helping him or her to build a cultural background for knowledge is certainly at the center of such action. Our study was based on observations during a school year of the short term impact of extra-curricular activities
Gosling, Patrick. "Les attributions de la réussite et de l’échec chez les enseignants de collège." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0337.
Full textFrom the theory of attributions and of social representations, the author studies, dfor secondary school teachers, the links between the explanations of success and failure and their representations of the teacher's role. The results, observed on 320 teachers of mathematics and french, show especially the influence of the categorization of the pupils, of the teacher's institutional position and of the mode of involvement in the questionnaire on the attributions and on the representations. The teacher's involvement is shown by the acceptance or the refusal of a future interview. The teacher's question facing the success of a pupil is " is the pupil modifiable by my action?" ; facing failure, he asks himself: "who is responsible of the failure?". In connection with the responsibility of failure, the teachers disagree between themselves on the content of the answer (normative vs non-normative answer) and on the involvement in the question. The author shows too that, for failure only, the attributions paly a specific role in the representations, role which can be described as a rationalization of the behaviors expected nby the institution
Lavaillotte-Masson, Madeleine. "Les classes d'adaptation des écoles maternelles et élémentaires dans le milieu des années 80 : prévention et traitement de l'échec scolaire." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H039.
Full textAdaptation classes" in nursery schools and primary schools in France were created in 1970. They areaimed at helping children with learning difficulties to enter the process of instruction and to adapt themselves to ordinary teaching methods (prevention or treatment of scolastic difficulties). How do the teachers of "adaptation classes" search for means to achieve these aims ? Semi-directif interviews have been done with fifty teachers of "adaptation classes" working in a section of the Paris suburbs during the section year 19851986. These teachers mainly practice active pedagogical methods favoring a natural process of instruction (the pupils building knowledge themselves) to satisfy the children's basic needs. But there is a gap between these pedagogical methods and those practiced in most ordinary classes, which is an obstacle for the integration or reintegration of pupils of "adaptation classes" to the ordinary system. To reduce this gap, and also to decrease any feeling of exclusion or alienation that their pupils might feel, most teachers of "adaptation classes" establish professional contacts with their colleagues teaching ordinary classes, thus contributing to a general transformation of methods and to a better adaptation of the school system for all children
Thamalet, Alain. "L'ecole du sens. Emergence et evolution du sens de l'ecole chez l'enfant." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20001.
Full textThe research is concerning the processes of semiotisation by which rises and evolves the meaning attached by a child to school, to school persons, goals and activities. From a review of the studies about the causes of school achievement and from an examination of the psychoanalytic theory of sublimation and symptom, a model of the semiotisations is drawn up, referring to lacan conception of the significans. It shows the structuration in series and systems of the school significans integrated by the child through his history. That system of significans is crossed by drive in a way which is neither plain nor regular but selective and changing because of new integrations of significans. These new integrations imply an identification with other individuals and are founded on the necessity to build his identity. Three cases studies show the importance of parents and brothers speeches, ideas and expectations in the starting of the semiotisations. Then, other persons will play a big role : the teachers and the school friends especially. The behavior of the child at school has always a meaning, but a proper meaning for every child. That meaning is complex and gives evidence about the history of the child and the history of his family. School achievement has to be studied according to its position in the whole system of the semiotisations
Favreau-Seguret, Domitille. ""Capable, peut mieux faire" : contenir et séparer, conditions d'accès à la pensée." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100060.
Full textWhet kind of concepts can be derived from the observation of the pleasure and the pain experienced by children undergoing analytic psychotherapy, during the process of thinking? Which of these concepts would be suitable for teachers training toward the pedagogic relationship?
Goutagny, Sarah. "L'affranchissement scolaire : une source anthropologique de l'inégalité scolaire." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0105.
Full textLearning failure is linked, first and above aIl, to literacy. Writing is not the means to lead the discourse of the savage mind to objectivity; it is the discovery of the intentionality of word, which debases the objective absolute value of oral language. Writing sets individual conceivable as a reality independent from its social truth. That is only for us, as we have become subjects of language, that the skill of language necessarily means rising to the power of word. The contrasting faces of learning inequalities first fit in the distance that working-class people keep up with the universe of book. If they have been, longer than the other social groups, excluded from literacy, they remain on the fringe of it, because it is merely at school that this acculturation comes to achievement for them. Besides, school inequalities are linked to the fortune of our educational conceptions which misjudge how individual is not an anthropological invariant. If school is an institution where individualism cormes to maturity, the fact remains that, within it, some are more individual than others
Mjouti, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude de l'échec scolaire : représentation et attribution de responsabilité à l'égard de l'échec chez une population d'élèves, de parents et d'enseignants (le cas du Maroc)." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20018.
Full textOur contribution confist to study scolastic afilure in morroco throgh four different approachs : psychological, sociolog pedagogical and institutional. We have given much importance to the last approach because seekers before havent studied enough. We have seen how pupils, parents and teachers represent failure and success, how they accused themselves and oth be responsible for scolastic failure
Belmas, Pierre. "Apprentissage de la proportionnalité et symbolisations chez des élèves en échec scolaire." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H005.
Full textDirected at students who fail in the school system, the aim of this research is to analyse the impact of interaction between different kinds of symbolisation in relation to concepts in problem solving. There are two sorts of methods for symbolisation : natural language and schematisation. These symbolic accompaniments of thought are in reality a new type of mediation which can allow students to have the perspective and distance necessary to face cognitive obstacles which up until then have been insurmountable. . .
Belhaj, Abdel Karim. "L'explication des causes de l'échec et de la réussite au bac : stratégies et structures de la causalité chez une population de jeunes scolarisés marocains." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070010.
Full textSuccess and failure in the bac fin their causal explanation in the study of the attributional strategies adopted by a population of young moroccans sent to school. This study based on the academic results has been elaborated from a true representation and seen in the situation of the social chronology. The link between the presence of the ramadan or not and the two exam session system of the bac constitutes the chronology. The causal judgement proved that there are on the one hand tendencies to overvalue external causes related to religious belief and on the other hand to emphasize the causes for success positively. When the results are taken into consideration in concomitance with the ramadan and the behaviour related to the fast, these tendencies are pointed out by a causal multidimensional variation
Tantaros, Spyridon G. "Les relations de la réussite scolaire avec la continuité et la discontinuité des milieux scolaire et familial en Grèce." Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20038.
Full textSaddik, Hassan. "L'influence du climat relationnel, familial et scolaire sur le rendement scolaire de l'adolescent au Liban." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100054.
Full textIn recognising the effect of other social, culturel, private factors favorising the scholastic difficulties and even failure school, in our study we've tried to attract the attention on a slighty different level, hoping to compare the importance relational modalities athome and at school between the adolescent, his parents and his teachers questioning also the quality of these relation-ship and the psychological dimension. We've tried to measure the correlation between the quality of his relation climate determined by established relationships and schomlastic results achieved by the students we then studied the effects of the relationships and the scholastic results on certain aspects of his private life. In order to accomplish this research we've completed a study involving adolescents age between 11 & 15 years old, in northern Lebanon, basing our studies on 3 types of inquiries, concerning the students his schooling and his family life. The results have shown a more or less strong correlation between the quality of attitudes & behavior adopted by the parents & teachers with regards to the students & the scholastic accomplishments of the latter except with regards to effective or moral situations. They've also shown that in many cases the pastoral care of the student tends to be modified according to academic results we've concluded that the familial & scholastics staus of the student il've either positive or negative effects on his personal life in particular concerning his self
Nonnon, Élisabeth. "Mouvements discursifs et modes de réflexion en commun dans des discussions d'adolescents en échec scolaire." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H031.
Full textOn the basis of corpus of sem-free discussions recorded in school environment among adolescents of teaching classes, bearing on situations and notions in connection with their own social experience, it is attempted to analyze the original modalities of discourse activity and certain non-formal procedures of common reflexion implilmented in spontaneaous verbal interactions. This analysis lies within the framework of a more general reflexion on the norm, on the necessity of diversiphing the usual indicators of complexity retained in evadating language and cognitive behauviors, and on the cognitive dynamics of dialogue and social interactions in the conceptualisation, structuration and complexification of points of view
Levy, Avital-Yvette Chréky Mme. "Contribution à l'étude des échecs scolaires d'après l'analyse des discours des enseignants d'une école d'Ambassade." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H018.
Full textThis research is a study of educational failures based on the analyses of the teachers' speeches in an embassy school, in Paris (France). This embassy school exactly reproduces the Israeli educational system with the same studies' program, all classes being given in Hebrew. This research analyses the pupils failures and the teachers' judgements on the pupils, according to the teachers' speeches during the staff meetings. It also proposes some ways and means how to deal with those failures by implementation of technics of the psychological field and group dynamics
Grass-Goudard, Françoise. "Approche multidisciplinaire des difficultés scolaires : à propos de vingt et un cas." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11100.
Full textDanner, Magali. "Améliorer la réussite en premier cycle universitaire : évaluation externe des effets du tutorat d'accompagnement." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL027.
Full textKaici, Abdallah. "La pratique de la rédaction au cycle d'observation des collèges : analyse des effets de quelques modes de sollicitation à l'écriture appliqués à des élèves en échec." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR21005.
Full textIt's an experiment aiming to further fiction writing by "failing" pupils of the observation cycle (6e 5e). We must try and define a "bad" pupil is. Then it seems that their failure may be caused by a wrong evaluation of their learning situation. The failing pupils are then subjected to a teaching of writing with iconic support. Every one of their writings is preceded by a drawing on the same subject. This drawing is supposed to be a sort of catalyst of imagination, a mental preparation to the proceeding writing. This practice is most beneficial for bad pupils. Besides its helps to detect in them the possibility of a Freudian phantasm, "the family romance". This second way is then explored and the fantasy of the "foudling" directly solicited in good and bad pupils writings. The analysis of the writings emphasizes the obvious difference which exists between those two sorts of pupils. Whereas the bad pupils show originality and write personal fiction with a lot of unconscious imaginary, the good pupils tend to show conformist banality. The hypothesis is that bad pupils let their imaginary and fantasmatic activity free in their writing, whereas the good ones, paying more. .
Azoh, François-Joseph. "Attributions parentales de la responsabilité et performances scolaires des élèves." Aix-Marseille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX10008.
Full textCidalise-Montaise, Marie-Dominique. "Communication dans le système éducatif martiniquais et exclusion sociale." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGUY0850/document.
Full textSchool failure, delinquency, violence, exclusion, are the scourge of modern society.In 1950s Martinique a number of devices were put in place to try and stop or at least reduce the magnitude of the phenomenon. Juvenile institutions, health and social systems were put in place. Nowadays additional options are available such as specialized classes and other special educational structures. These systems unfortunately have resulted in the further marginalization and exclusion of entire generations of children, putting them under a negative light, against the core principal of the very programs that were meant to help them. At the heart of the problem is the belief that things can change. Our goal is not to portray social actors as if they could change the world at will, but rather to try and understand the interaction between the different actors. There are dynamics at play within the educational interactions and available support systems, which lead to certain representations of some of the students. The individual is inhabited by its cultural back-ground or layer. It is part of the biological being, brain and nervous system, part of his or her entire body, interfering with a number of perception patterns and actions. The cultural layer of any individual is actually the least detachable of all layers. The individual gets his or her sense of uniqueness, identity and everything that allows him or her to interact with the world and others from this cultural layer.When getting into further analysis we notice that the individual can become aware of his or her cultural heritage, of his or her representations or habits. The self-image that results from this awareness makes for a richer representation of the cultural layer which can trigger either high or low self-esteem. Our idea of our image usually clashes with the image received from others. Each and every one of us has in some way or the other been judged by his or her respective family, by teachers or other students in the classroom. Everyone feels judged because of his or her own actions, his or her appearance, or what he or she appears to know. Nobody can fully protect him or her-self from judgements passed from third parties, and in some circumstances one might attempt to use these judgements to their advantages, especially when they could lead to more empathy or acknowledgement from a third party.This is the fundamental issue of the educational relationship that would, by allowing struggling students to increase their ambitions by the way of higher self-esteem, allow for better success.In the past, some students were condemned by the system and led to leave the school system early. The way the teacher would perceive the student and poorer children in general did not allow the said student to go beyond elementary school and he or she would very soon join the workforce. Nowadays, despite mandatory education through age sixteen, the representation we have of each student can still affect academic performance and lead to exclusion. This is what we will attempt to explain through an experiment conducted with the different actors in the education field and the tools at their disposal.Perception, performance, success, failure are the different axes of a problem that leads to the predetermined judgment of teachers and the consequences of said perception on the fate of some of the students, keeping in mind that an educator’s main task is to do everything in their power to pass all students
Nguyen, Ngoc Michel. "Suivi d'une cohorte d'étudiants après le concours de PCEM1 : cursus réalisé entre le PCEM2 et l'internat par les différentes filières de baccalauréat." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M017.
Full textGaillard, Bernard. "Prolégomènes pour une clinique d'accompagnement." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20027.
Full textProlegomenes for a clinic of accompaniment prevention in health and education uses two models, the hygienistic and eugenistic models. After dealing with prevention at school and its stakes, we test different educational systems and relations concerning children. We try to give clues on the presence and influence of man in the institution. The "clinic of accompaniment" is based on the maintenance of social ties. The thesis uses anthropological models together with institutional diagnosies, thus offering a medium for the various actors to transfer upon. We work about a projective model
Allanore, Michel. ""Le collège efficace"." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21008.
Full textAttending them. Social determinism cannot explain everything. Which part, if any, does the school play in the success of the students ? Many have already tried to understand the influence of the school, and the chronology of the survey of this sociological issue has been mentioned. After giving us a monography about it, the author applies a simplified form of Olivier Cousin's methodology to the results of eleven junior high schools of Limoges (87) at the written test of the + brevet ; in 1992,93,94 and 95. In order to evaluate their efficiency, he compares the achievement (the actual results compared to the expectations) to the equity (the tightening or widening of the gasps between the best students and the weaker ones). The most efficient school appears to be Franck jhs. The results are compared to the local educational policies. It can be noticed that efficiency is almost always linked to a strict and consensual policy regarding the obligation for the students to do their duty. A strict educative supervision is often set up. But such a step is hard to accept for students who have difficulties to endure the pressure exerted on them by the school. The efficiency of a school cannot thus be reduced to its results alone. Every jhs in the sample is classified according to three different types : those which privilege instruction, those which privilege education and those which illustrate the effort that has been consensually accepted. The ideal jhs, the "efficient one", would then be the one that would ensure educational achievement while giving a meaning to the children's studies
Tran, Tri Duc. "Conception et développement d'un assistant intelligent pour un accompagnement conatif des élèves en difficultés." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066099.
Full textGuérin-Gialis, Marie-Claude. "La relation maître-élève : ses incidences dans le processus d'échec scolaire." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE2026.
Full textOuld, Ferhat Laurence. "Parcours scolaires, socialisation professionnelle, transmissions intergénérationnelles : le cas des bachelliers de la massification scolaire." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS021S.
Full textWhat should one think of the policy, launched in 1985, of “leading 80 percent of a generation to the baccalauréat”? One always hears people say that “the baccalauréat is worth nothing”. I wanted to know how one can arrive with a qualification believed to be worth nothing. In addition to historical data and national statistics, I have collected the educational and professional trajectories of “achievers of the baccalauréat by social engineering” (since the 1990s). This group consists of people who found themselves unable to go on to higher or further education due to an accumulation of gaps of knowledge during difficult school careers. I have taken into account both their educational and professional, subjective and objective experiences, reconstructed by interview. The “baccalauréat” is an intermediate; ambivalent qualification which, despite its devaluation, still constitutes a reasonable starting point for professional life, thanks to its value as cultural and symbolic capital. I have shown, by introducing a social comparison between middle class and immigrant working class children in order to account for intergenerational transmission of knowledge, how class differences at equivalent educational level alternate with generational resemblances. I found a “common condition of achievers of the baccalauréat” which reflects the landmark social changes (democratisation/devaluation of qualifications) and contrasts strongly with the experiences of the parent generation during the post war years until the 1970s (less education but better employment opportunities)
Zannettacci, Jean-Michel. "De l'innovation pédagogique au changement social, l'exemple d'une zone d'éducation prioritaire : pour une théorie et pratique de l'interculturalisme." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29057.
Full textThe thesis concerns a priority education area in the agglomeration of grenoble between 1987 and 1990. The assumption of this research is the following : the pedagogical innovations don't only correspond to the failure of a simple response institutional. They are also an answer to a wider social polemic, generated by the reception of foreign families. In other words, the assumption consists to say that the new pedagogic practices are found in connection with new forms of socialities. The thesis shows up then that pedagogical innovation in much more than a school stake, in analysing the applications as a way and a mark of social change. After the first part defining the field of application and the methodology of the research, the projects are first analysted in connection with the concept of innovation : that is how to define what is pertinent in so far as a spacific answer to the educational failure of these children of arab extraction. There follows then a critical examination of sociological, cultural and psychological reasons resulting in their falure. The last part is dedicated to the study of innovations as an investigation tool of social life, with the intercultural perspective in the back ground
Dolignon, Carole. "L'élève en difficulté scolaire : étude de cas en France, en Communauté française de Belgique et en Angleterre : contextes et spécificités transnationaux au carrefour du vécu émotionnel." Lille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL30034.
Full textThis research interests school difficulties of the middle school pupils in France, in French Community of Belgium and in England. Firstly, I examine the "pupil's job" and the educational system in the three countries. The comparison of these three systems reveals the differences in the contexts. I have studied the way pupil make the knowledge their own, give it meaning, and process the experience. Secondly, I explore their emotional experience at school (motivation, emotional dimension, relation with teacher). The aim of the comparative study was to clarify the interactions between a large number of relational and emotional pupil variables and the school experiences. The purpose of the present research is to identify how pupils (on sex, country and school profiles) perceive their school environnment. 90 students (15-16 years old) were asked to draw the school and speak the landmark events which were to account for their school experience (successful pupils and pupils who have been confronted to failure with learning difficulties and/or behavioural difficulties and drop out). Within this trilogy (relation to school and knowledge and relation with teacher). I conducted a study of ninety drawings and interviews of pupils, analyzed under headings : relation to space and school time, relation with teacher and relation to the body. Between the three cases, I have established similarities and differences. I tried to find correlations between their statements and their school or school background. Parts of these representations are collectively shared : the results shows five metaphors on school (the war, the dumb, the factory, the hell and the prison)
Sanavio, Monique. ""La main dans le chapeau" ou le handicap pédagogique et l'échec scolaire de l'enseignant : analyse des cultures de référence passée et présente de l'individu-enseignant en tant que citoyen-acteur dans la dynamique société-école." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081371.
Full textIn an educational situation, a correlation is formed between social and cultural background and pedagogy. The educational system hasn't weakened the social theory which affirm the correspondance between social origin and school results. The best explanation for scholastic failure, for teachers, is the concept of social and cultural "handicap". This notion, presenting the "handicap" as the child's individual deficiency, preservs the educational system from all responsability as to pupils scholastic failure. A "handicap" is conditioned by a situation always compared with an idealized "no-handicap" situation. We are all, in one way or another, "handicaped" and "handicapers". The teacher. Wether a responsable actor or a passive actor of the institution, transmits that of which the individual is bearer: he teaches not only what he knows but also what he is and he cannot guarantee systematically a normative institutional neutrality. A gap exists between the teacher's and the individual's background references, between the teacher-person's background and the school's culture, between the school's culture and the multicultural (or pluricultural) national tendency. These gaps, in the event of school failure, are strategical places which have consequencies on the efficiency of pedagogical exercise and which determine the teacher's, the educational system's and policy's pedagogical "handicap"
Chamsine, Darine. "Situation d'échec scolaire et sentiment d'échec scolaire de l'élève : étude des interactions et de divers facteurs qui entrent en jeu." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN1660.
Full textRichard, René. "Activité et passivité de l'enfant de 5 à 7 ans à l'école : approche de la complexité des processus de réussite ou d'échec scolaire : méthodologie de la psychologie à l'école." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN1082.
Full textMarquet, Denis. "Théorie de l'agir communicationnel et échec scolaire : étude d'une intervention dans un centre de scolarité adaptée." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21114.
Full textConsequently to a teleological inclination, in no way communicative, the habitual comments as well as the regular pedagogical skills used by teachers use to transmute pupils, confronted to learning difficulties, into " social cases " necessitating the care of Therapeutocraty. Revisiting the " Theory of communicative action " of Jurgen Habermas, especially from a pedagogical point of view, may promote a more positive an richer apprehension of the relation between " teacher-pupil-knowledge ". Its experiment and application in a Special Program School Center receiving school unadapted teenagers, apparently overwhelmed by learning disability, demonstrate its pertinence to stimulate or set back in motion the cognitive process. Moreover, it demonstrates the useful benefits one may obtain from the relation between " teacher-pupil-knowledge " when using an actual interactive method of learning. In this regard, the " Theory of communicative action " essentially reveals itself as nothing but the very theory of mutual human understanding
Maganawe, Yao Badjam. "Analyse psychosociologique de l'échec et de la déperdition scolaire au Togo." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21017.
Full textSchool-failure in Togo is a problem which concerns an educational system that is said to be democratic. In practice this is obvious since pupils repeat or give up school and it shows us many contradictions in the aims which have been fixed and in the means used to achieve them. Economic and sociocultural contradictions and contraints are according to us, the major factors for the failure phenomenon. The following analysis proposes on the one hand a detailed study of the different factors which are the results of an investigation and on the other hand is centered on the theme of the relations between the school, the family and school children
Barthoux, Gérard. "L'école à l'épreuve des cultures : critique de l'éducation interculturelle." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOL009.
Full textThis study aims to show the dangers which threaten today the republican school in its fundamental mission of transmission of universal knowledge and values, with the demand that school takes into account the cultural particularities of pupils in the conception of its goals, its methods or its curricula. This demand is the principal idea of what we actually call the multicultural education, and it is based on several arguments which are mostly borrowed from the human sciences. This work tries to analyze and to criticize these arguments whose origins are the north-american cultural anthropology, Levi-Strauss' or Whorf's anthropology, the transcultural psychology or the sociology of education (the Bourdieu/Passeron sociology of reproduction for example). We also propose a philosophical criticism of the cultural relativism which inspires most of these scientific and pedagogical trends
Lemmel, Gilles. "Penser autrement : modalités de résolution des conflits chez les enfants en difficulté d'apprentissage scolaire : modèles théoriques : réalité clinique." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100187.
Full textCosta, Chantal. "La pédagogie institutionnelle en lycée professionnel : une praxis contre le syndrome d'échec scolaire." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100028.
Full textThis thesis is made up of research with a class of level five at a vocationally-oriented lycee. The main hypothesis is that institutional educational methods of a psychaoanalytical trend (Oury and Vasquez) tend to liberate teenagers from the syndrome of school failure. Our thesis searchs for the process of mending between a destructive past and a new future. .
Veuillet, Danielle. "Le devenir des enfants d'un service de guidance infantile : médicalisation de l'échec scolaire." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H030.
Full textDa, Fonseca David. "Théories implicites de l'intelligence et difficultés scolaires : Approche Socio-Cognitive." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22089.
Full textMalqi, Mohamed el. "Difficultés scolaires des enfants de travailleurs marocains migrants en France." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H069.
Full textThis study, based on a series of researches in "Touraine" aims at establishing, as scientifically as possible, the main difficulties encountered by Moroccan migrants' children, the reasons of these difficulties and the possible means of solving them. It also focuses on some major point of the analysis such as sex, age, socio-professional category and the level of education. It also takes into account other important points which are often hidden through they are as important : the migrants conditions of living, the way they bring up their children ; the way these children are taught at school, the relational environment and so on. There are the principal characteristic of this study that it attempts to take into account main factors which could have an influence on people's behavior in order to establish their functional hierarchy and try to find possible ways of intervening on these factors.
Chacon-Avila, Luis. "Analyse d'innovations pédagogiques et institutionnelles pour adolescents en difficulté scolaire." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081243.
Full textOur problematical concerns youths in scholastic difficulty. In this senses, we have been interested in initiatives of struggle against the scholastic failure plugs by teachers them same. For this reason, we have wanted to know causes and proposed institutional remedies and in order that a detour by the history of the education was necessary. Furthermore, we have wondered the functioning of school and scholastic inequality causes. All along our research, our questioning has carried especially on differences of success of the various group social. Our objective was to seek in the historical evolution explanatory elements of phenomena that lives today school : the failure, the selection, the exclusion. These questions are linked to our problematical and our research shows that despite the different measure plugs all along the evolution of school having as goal the democratic functioning of the system, the exclusion is always present. Many research on the scholastic failure have been realized by taking into account a certain number of factors to majority of external sociological type to the scholastic establishment. Our work places inside the system to show that among factors of failure concerning these the affect have a particular importance for some youths in scholastic rupture. The plug in account of affective factors in the struggle against the failure allows, some disturbed youths, to have envy to learn, to recuperate the capacity to learn and to appropriate their apprenticeship. An other aspect of our work shows that difficulties to put in place a pedagogical innovation, such that the "module specifique de formation au second cycle", are linked to ideological position plugs of actors. We put in obviousness first the sum of difficulties to conquer to lead to well an innovation. Even if all actors of the educative act are agreement to participate in the struggle against difficulties, even if their declarations concerning the scholastic failure allow to imagine a realization of the magnitude of the problem, it results some that all proposal from action, mainly those concerning the affect, has to conquer enormously resistance, emanating, paradoxically, those and these that declare concerned by the problem
Ben, Belgacem Saâdia. "L'échec scolaire et l'échec de l'orientation professionnelle : recherche sur les causes." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA082092.
Full textRaffier-Malosto, Jocelyne. "L'intelligence en panne : echec scolaire et redemarrage chez des enfants intelligents en periode de latence : point de vue psychometrique et psychanalytique." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA054020.
Full textNafti-Malherbe, Catherine. "L'éducation spécialisée entre rélégation et socialisation : approche comparative d'une SEGPA publique et d'une SEGPA privée." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21029.
Full textLevesque, Sylvie. "Valeur accordée à l'école, estime de soi et performance scolaire à l'adolescence." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20013.
Full textThe aim of this research was to study the relationship between academic achievement and academic self-esteem and also between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem. James (1890) suggested many years ago that human values and aspirations had a determining role to play in self evaluations, but not much has been done to test this hypothesis. How the adolescent personally values school is therefore taken into account to study these relationships. Self-esteem being formed of many specific self-evaluations, our research approaches it from a multidimensional perspective (Shavelson et al. , 1976 ; Byrne, 1984 ; Marsh, 1986, Rosenberg, 1995 ; Harter, 1998). Our results are also studied from a longitudinal perspective. 105 girls and 85 boys (13-16 years old) participated to this study. As we expected, a positive relationship was found between academic achievement and academic and academic self-esteem and also between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem. The relationship between academic achievement and academic self-esteem is a function of how school is academically valued, but the relationship between academic self-esteem and global self-esteem is not. It is also shown that school value takes part in the prediction of academic and global self-esteem. These results are the studied by taking into account the sex and the type of college the students attend
Corcher, Raymond Kacou. "Le vêtement et l'école : la fonction de l'uniforme scolaire." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082593.
Full textCamus, Jean. "Aménagement du temps et difficultés scolaires." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H011.
Full textThis comparative study about pupils in failure at school in ses (special education sections) and pupils of any secondary school sections which are the representative sample, wants to show that according to the school destiny the temporal prospects are organised differently. The planning of a project, the ability to wait cannot be separated from the person's own history, they are highly dependant from the curriculum but also from the present situation. The pupils in ses have a limited temporal view and fewer prospects than those of the pupils in ces. Those youngsters haven't set up a lot of future landmarks and well delimited references. They seem to be more able to establish short-date stages. Facing a choice, a task, during the creation of a project, some defensive processes disturb the implement in ablity to prostpone and overcome a problem. The pupils in ses shorten the periods, they rather act in the short term
Laforgue, Denis. "Une administration d'Etat face à la ségrégation scolaire : une enquête ethnographique sur le repli gestionnaire de deux Inspections académiques et d'un Rectorat." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/laforgue_d.
Full textThis ethnographic research aims at analysing how the French educational administration has ended up creating academic inequalities among pupils in spite of the policy of equality of chances that prevails in France. This empirical study will show that this administration favours the production of school populations, organized into hierarchies, as well as it restricts educational public spending and maintains the school infrastucture in the same time. Consequently, the administrators tend to leave aside the achievement of a proper equality of chances and of a school mix. Several different causes such a hierarchy in educational goals are being analysed: The social environment constraints, The various approaches to work in those administrations and the importance of technical tools in the process of decision making
Netter, Gérard. "Approche clinique du trouble éprouvé par l'enseignant de l'école primaire confronté à l'échec d'un enfant adopté." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H026.
Full textThe dynamic of secrecy, inherent to the quest and the transmission of knowledge, is necessarily linked to the school environment and to the teaching method. Behind the quest of knowledge, there is the quest of the secrecy of the origins. How is it for an adopted child submitted to another dynamic, that of the extraordinary and fundamental secrecy on his origin ? This question often arises during the hypothesis of the research : the dynamic of secrecy on the origin, specific to an adopted child, can hinder scholastic adaptation having its effects on the teacher and on his method of appproach and function, an underlying tensed function due to the dynamic of secrecy and characterised by the third party role. Twelve teachers were interviewed, with or without adopted child in their class, from a selected school whereby adopted children were found to have scholastic difficulties. They expressed their experiences concerning their method of teaching, their knowledge, their pedagogy, the secrecy, the adopted child and his scholastic failure. Their discussions revealed that the third party role is hindered and that the subjects have a tendency to remain on a magalomaniac position. Here, the adopted child having scholastic difficulties play a role in revealing a subconscious hindered process which appears to be linked to the teaching role. There would be some force of latent origin -the prohibition to teach- with which the teachers must reckon
Navarro, Michel. "La pédagogie du regard ou la "stratégie du réseau"." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100011.
Full textBachiri, Driss. "Déscolarisation et tsiganes : ethnicisation scientifique et hyperapartheid : fabrication de niches ethniques et hyperdéscolarisation." Bordeaux 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR21490.
Full textThroughout this thesis, we shall not only be aiming at showing that the process of lack of schooling is a social construct or that it leans upon ethnic mechanisms but also at establishing that a "particularized ethnicization" of that phenomenon exists. Therefore, our concern was aimed at the Gypsy population. A definition will be given through socio-politic and scientific issues. In such a perspective, the various elements of the theory of ethnicity will be incontrovertible. History gives prominence to a chronicity of ethnicization. The law sociology encompasing lack of schooling in the "legal system of plea" brings out an ethnic lack of schooling. The ecology theory studies the links between a hyper segregation and an ethnic and spatial inequality and state actions, the three intermingled, show that the school dropout, springing with the relationships of an "atypical supremacy", is not only ethnicized but in the chains of social, cultural and economic causes that produce an ethnic hyper lack of schooling. As a result, that group is established as a "corpus of exception", bearing, de facto, an "ethnic capital"
Morel, Stanislas. "L'échec scolaire en France (1960-2010) : sociologie d'un champ d'intervention professionnelle." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0049.
Full textThis thesis deals with the "social problem" of school failure from the space of the profession al groups involved in its definition and / or remediation. This space is approached as a "field of professional intervention". We study its genesis during the 1960s, its structuration in the 1970s and its changes to the present day. The purpose is not only to consider epistemological controversies on the causes of the phenomenon and ways to solve it, but also competition between different professional groups or institutions whose activity is related to the care of children in trouble at school. Historically changing, such competition between practitioners nevertheless stabilize in multidisciplinary work organisation (educational, psychological, medical and "social") supposed to avoid corporatism and to permit the implementation of an appropriate response because global and concerted. After tracing the genesis of this type of work organization, the thesis analyze its effects on profesionnal issues, on the basis of a series of case studies conducted in three institutions for pupils academically deviant (an elementary school, a child guidance center and an hospital ward specialised in "Iearning disorders"). The ethnography of work (observations / interviews) allows also to display the plurality of responses to school failure as well as the technical and moral division of work of remediation in each of the three institutions studied