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1
Chhaya, Gaurav, Deval K. Shah, Hiren Prajapati, and Mayank Rajawat. "Primary hydatid cyst of muscle-a rare cause of mass in the shoulder: a case report." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 10, no. 7 (2023): 578–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231882.
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Hydatid cyst also called as cystic echinococcosis is a parasitic zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Humans get infected by this parasite by consumption of contaminated food with dog faeces or by direct contact with animal and it particularly affecting liver and lung. However, cases of primary muscle hydatid are about 5%. In India, reported cases of primary muscle hydatids are very rare. In this case report, we presented an exceptional rare case of unusual primary hydatid cyst localized in infraspinatous muscle of scapular region.
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Sarohi, Monica, Shobha Mohindroo, and Manju Rao. "Cytomorphology of Hydatid Cyst: Two Case Reports." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 2 (2021): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210206.
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Hydatid disease is a parasitic disease caused by larvae of Echinococcus. The disease is distributed worldwide. However there are very few reports on cytology findings of hydatid disease as FNA in such cases is contraindicated. Usually hydatid disease is diagnosed on histopathology, but recently fine needle aspiration cytology of hydatid cyst is emerging and is still an issue of debate that whether it can cause dissemination of parasite in the body or not . Due to fewer studies on cytology it poses a problem in diagnosing hydatid disease on cytology. We present two case reports of hydatid cyst on cytology. Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Hydatid disease, Echinococcus larvae.
3
Salehi, Amir Mohammad, Hossain Salehi, and Ensiyeh Jenabi. "Pelvic Hydatid Cyst with Hydroureteronephrosis: A Rare Case Report." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2021 (December 28, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2090849.
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Hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus or Echinococcus multilocularis. Humans are accidentally infected with the parasite. The cyst is usually found in the liver and lungs and rarely occurs in other body parts. The present article describes a rare case of pelvic hydatid cyst in a young man who presented with nausea, vomiting, and right abdominal pain. Two large cystic masses were discovered during a CT scan in the patient’s pelvic region, resulting in right urinary tract hydroureteronephrosis. Additionally, the antibody index was used to confirm the presence of a primary hydatid cyst.
4
Moghimi, Mehrdad, Seyed Kamran Kamrava, Ashkan Heshmatzade Behzadi, et al. "Primary echinococcal cyst in the thyroid gland: a case report from Iran." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 3, no. 09 (2009): 732–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.172.
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Hydatid disease is prevalent in most sheep-raising countries in Asia , Australia , East, and Southern Europe. Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus is often manifested by a slow growing cyst mass. Hydatid cysts may be found in almost every parts of the body. However the lungs and liver are the most involved locations. Due to the vital cycle of the parasite the thyroid gland is an uncommon site of infection even in the countries where the disease is endemic. However, hydatic origin was suspected in only 50% of patients preoperatively and immunologic test had 33% false positive rate. Although hydatid cyst was considered intra-operatively and confirmed by a frozen section histology. This study is to report a case of primary hydatid disease of the thyroid.
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MERAD, Zakaria. "Solitary Splenic Hydatid Cyst." Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology 1, no. 4 (2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2689-5773.jcdp-21-3890.
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Splenic hydatid cyst is very rare, caused by the parasite echinococcus granulosus. Humans are considered an accidental intermediate host in the development of the parasite cycle. It poses a diagnostic dilemma with other cystic masses despite improved medical imaging techniques often requiring exploratory surgeries for fear of missing out on a malignant tumor. Total or partial splenectomy remains the treatment of first choice and the most effective. We report a case of solitary splenic hydatid cyst and discuss the different differential diagnoses and therapeutic modalities.
6
Maralcan, Göktürk, and Mehmet Coşkun Özsaraç. "Breast hydatid cyst: An unusual breast lump." European Journal of Therapeutics 21, no. 4 (2015): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/gmj.10815.
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Cystic hydatid disease is caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Hydatid disease is endemic in countries where raising sheep and cattle constitutes an important means of livelihood. The most commonly affected organs are the liver and lungs. Involvement of he breast is very rare. A case of isolated hydatid cyst of the breast is presented.
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Tariq Abdul-Wahaab, Issam, Khaleel A Hadi, and Haider Abdulameer Ghayad. "Multiple Fat- Containing Hepatic Hydatid Cysts: A Case Report in The X- Ray Institute at Medical City Health Directorate in Iraq." Diyala Journal of Medicine 21, no. 2 (2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.21026070530.
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Background: Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis parasite which is still endemic in many countries all over the world especially in the developing countries. The liver is the primary site to be infested by the parasite with a rate of 60 – 75%. The right lobe of the liver gets infected in about 80% of cases. Hydatid disease of the liver is usually asymptomatic and most cases discovered accidentally on routine clinical or radiological examinations for other illness. Symptoms usually appear in complicated cases either due to rupture, secondary bacterial infection, or due to the large size of the cyst which might cause pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, discomfort, and sometimes swelling. In this case report, we reported the presence of fat globules within the hepatic hydatid cysts which is most probably due to rupture of hepatic hydatid cysts into the biliary tree. Keywords: Hepatic, hydatid cyst, fat globule and CT scan
8
Erguibi, Driss, Azhari Fadwa, Amal Hajri, Rachid Boufettal, El Jay Saad Rifki, and Chehab Farid. "Primary peritoneal hydatidosis revealed by an abdominal mass in a case report." Archives of Clinical Gastroenterology 9, no. 1 (2023): 001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-2283.000115.
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Hydatid cyst is caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus commonly found in temperate regions. Primary peritoneal hydatidosis is a rare entity. Diagnosis can be made with ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen and pelvis and serology. Eosinophilia is a strong indicator of hydatid cysts as a differential diagnosis. Open excision of the cyst combined with medical treatment remains the treatment of choice.
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Marwa, Sami Alwan, A. Al-ibrahimi Lubna, and A. Alshabiny Hind. "Phenotypic Traits of Echinococcus Granulosus Parasite Isolated from Cattle and Goats in AL-Diwaniya City, Iraq." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, no. 11 (2022): 4142–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7297826.
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<strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>Hydatid cyst is the larval stage of <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em> and is found in tissues of the intermediate host and other structures. It has a spherical or semi-spherical shape and takes the shape of the affected organ, and its size varies with age. Seven samples of hydatid cysts were collected from the liver and lungs of infected animals, 5 samples from cows and 2 samples from goats. The incidence of liver injury was 57.1%, compared to the lungs, which accounted for 42.9%. The colors of the inner layers of hydatid cysts were studied in both cows and goats. Three colors were found: white with 14.2%, yellow and yellowish-white with 42.9% for each. The lengths of the large hooks (LH) were also studied, which were 26.9 ± 0.585 for goats and 25.9 ± 0.555 for cows.
10
Basnet, Robin Bahadur, Prabodh Regmi, Baikuntha Adhikari, Binod Babu Gharti, Surendra Basnet, and Udita Mishra. "Recurrence of Renal Hydatid Cyst." Nepalese Medical Journal 5, no. 1 (2022): 566–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v5i1.43175.
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Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus, transferred through the oral-fecal pathway by eating vegetables and food contaminated with dog stool containing eggs of the parasite. Hydatid cyst is most commonly found in the liver; however, dissemination can occur in other organs such as the lung and rarely in the heart, breast, thyroid, soft tissue of the neck, and kidney. The surgical approach remains the treatment of choice in hydatid. Meticulous handling of hydatid is important preoperatively and care should be taken against spillage of the contents and daughter cysts. In this case report, we report a case of recurrence of renal hydatidosis.
11
Aydin, Sonay, Cihat Tek, Fatma Dilek Gokharman, Erdem Fatihoglu, and Pinar Nercis Kosar. "Isolated hydatid cyst of thyroid: An unusual case." Ultrasound 26, no. 4 (2018): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742271x18770926.
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Introduction Hydatid cystic disease is a parasitic infestation that is mostly caused by Echinococcus granulosus, which is common in sheep-rearing areas of the Mediterranean, Middle East, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and South America. Canines are the definitive hosts, and herbivores (e.g. sheep, horses, deer) or humans are intermediate hosts. Ingested eggs from animal feces hatch in the gut and release oncospheres (immature forms of the parasite enclosed in an embryonic envelope). Case report A very rare case of isolated, thyroidal, hydatic cyst is presented. Conclusion Non-vascular cysts may be seen on ultrasonographic examination that are not specific for hydatid disease. Clinical and laboratory findings are therefore important. Definitive diagnosis is based on histopathological findings. Treatment is surgical and antiparasitic drugs are required after surgery.
12
Pétavy, AF, S. Deblock, and S. Walbaum. "The house mouse: a potential intermediate host for Echinococcus multilocularis in France." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84, no. 4 (1990): 571–2. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15091924.
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An adult house mouse infected with an alveolar hydatid of Echinococcus multilocularis was trapped in the cellar of an inhabited house in a small village in Auvergne (France) where 3 human cases of alveolar hydatid disease had been diagnosed. The rodent harboured a young hepatic larval cyst. This indicated the presence of infective eggs of the parasite inside the house and outbuildings, an important observation concerning the circulation of the parasite in a domestic environment.
13
Gangopadhyay, K., M. O. Abuzeid, and H. Kfoury. "Hydatid cyst of the pterygopalatine-infratemporal fossa." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 10 (1996): 978–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100135509.
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AbstractHydatid disease is caused by the parasitic tapeworm Echinococcus. This parasite in larval stage can thrive in many parts of the body, most commonly in the liver and the lung. Hydatid disease in the head and neck region is rare. An unusual location for hydatid disease in the pterygopalatine fossa-infratemporal fossa is presented. The patient did not have evidence of any other cyst on a ten-year follow-up.
14
Wazurkar, Ajinkya Shrikant, Sham Lohiya, Keta Jayant Vagha, and Jayant Vagha. "A Rare Case of Isolated Hydatid Cyst in Right Lung in a Pediatric Patient." Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 18, no. 4 (2023): 780–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_417_23.
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Abstract The parasite Echinococcus granulosus is the source of the disease hydatid cyst, which primarily affects the liver but can also affect other parts of the body. This case involves a seven-year-old boy who had fever and cough for 15 days which was identified as a case of isolated hydatid cyst of the right lung following examination and further testing. The child received albendazole preoperatively, then had the hydatid cyst removed with enucleation. After receiving advice to continue taking Praziquantel and Albendazole for another three months, the boy was discharged. If untreated, hydatid cysts of the lung can lead to serious problems like cyst rupture, pneumothorax, and infection and could pose a life-threatening risk. In order to identify hydatid cyst as early as possible, a comprehensive history and examination are crucial, and treatment should begin.
15
Sudarto, Sudarto, Selli Belinda, Alif Fathurrachman, et al. "Giant Pleural Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report." Jurnal Respirasi 9, no. 1 (2023): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jr.v9-i.1.2023.49-55.
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Introduction: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larva stage of a Taeniidae parasite of Echinococcus. Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) causes cystic echinococcus (CE) and is the most common species causing disease in humans. A pleural hydatid cyst should be considered initially with a corresponding chest radiograph. It can develop into fatal complications, including secondary infection, severe bleeding, bronchial rupture and pleural or pericardial cavities. This case report shows a rare case of a pleural hydatid cyst. Case: We reported a 59-year-old woman with shortness of breath and a productive cough for three months. The chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a cystic lesion measuring 14.2 x 18.5 cm with edge calcification thick around 3 mm. The pleural histopathology revealed that the cyst wall was made of fibrocollagen with a red oval echinococcus. The patient received oral albendazole/ABZ (400mg BID) for three months, paracetamol (500mg TID), and n-acetylcysteine (200mg TID). After three months, the patient had no complaints, only shortness of breath with heavy activity. Conclusion: It is important to be aware of this condition to avoid inappropriate and potentially dangerous underdiagnoses and treatment, which could endanger the patient.
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Thapa, Garima, Aruna, and Bikram Shah. "Hydatid cyst of spleen: A rare presentation." Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 8, no. 3 (2021): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2021.077.
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: Hydatid cyst is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. The spleen being rarely involved by the parasite, commonly involved organs are liver followed by lungs. It constitutes only 4% of abdominal hydatid diseases. Its worldwide incidence is 0.5 to 4%. In this case report, we present a case of young boy with concomitant splenic and liver hydatid cysts. A 8-year-old boy, resident of Chamba district was presented with abdominal pain, fever and left upper quadrant swelling. The swelling had started enlarging over past 4 months. After necessary investigations it was diagnosed as hydatid cyst of spleen concomitant with liver and was confirmed by histopathological examination of the cyst membrane. All routine investigations other than anemia of 9.4 mg/dl and raised Ecchinococcus IGG serum levels, all other tests were within normal range. Splenic hydatid is a rare entity and among abdominal presentations of hydatid diseases its incidence is very low, being 4% only. Diagnosis can be made on CECT abdomen along with the Echinococcus IGG serum levels, cytology of aspirated cystic fluid and then can be confirmed on histopathological examination of the cyst membrane sent for the histopathological examination. This case report emphasizes the need of considering hydatid cyst as a differential with uncommon presentation of the disease even in non- endemic area, as in this case patient presented with splenomegaly and abdominal pain.
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Díaz, A., A. Ferreira, and R. B. Sim. "Complement evasion by Echinococcus granulosus: sequestration of host factor H in the hydatid cyst wall." Journal of Immunology 158, no. 8 (1997): 3779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.158.8.3779.
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Abstract Hydatid disease, which affects humans and various livestock species, is caused by the larval stages of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The disease involves the growth of a fluid-filled cyst in the host's internal organs. The hydatid cyst wall is generally thought to preclude the access of host immune cells to the cyst, while allowing passage of macromolecules. Thus, evasion of humoral effector mechanisms, in particular the complement system, may be crucial to parasite survival. Evasion of complement might involve inhibition of the C3b deposition step, which can in principle be achieved through parasite-derived or host-derived and parasite-bound regulatory molecules. In this work, extracts from bovine hydatid cysts were analyzed for the presence of factor H-like function, namely the cofactor activity for the breakdown of amidated bovine C3 by bovine factor I. Both this activity and antigenically detectable bovine factor H were found in most extracts. The cofactor activity was retained by an anti-bovine factor H Ab column; as no factor H-cross-reactive parasite molecules were detected in the active extracts, the activity was indeed due to host factor H. The pattern of extraction of host factor H from the parasite tissue indicated that at least part of it was selectively bound to the cyst wall, and that a strong charge component was involved in the binding. Our results indicate that the selective concentration of host factor H from plasma/interstitial fluid may contribute to complement evasion by E. granulosus.
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Thapa, Ashish Jung, Asheesh Tandon, and Alok Agrawal. "Giant Intracerebral Hydatid Cyst in a Boy." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 17, no. 1 (2020): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v17i1.28346.
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Giant intra-cerebral hydatid cysts are an extremely rare condition caused by the infestation of larvae of Taenia echinococcus (TE). Humans are infected through the feco-oral route by the ingestion of food and milk, contaminated by dog feces containing the ova of parasite or direct contact with dogs. We report a case of a seventeen-year-old boy with giant right temporo-parieto-occipital hydatid cysts (HC).
 Giant intracerebral hydatid cysts being rare and can at times lead to death, so surgical excision with preoperative consideration and intraoperative rupture prevention is the best management for a better prognosis.
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Jiménez, Mauricio, Caroll Stoore, Christian Hidalgo, et al. "Lymphocyte Populations in the Adventitial Layer of Hydatid Cysts in Cattle: Relationship With Cyst Fertility Status and Fasciola Hepatica Co-Infection." Veterinary Pathology 57, no. 1 (2019): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985819875721.
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Cystic echinococcosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Two types of hydatid cysts occur in intermediate hosts: fertile cysts that generate protoscoleces from the germinal layer of the cyst, and infertile cysts that do not produce protoscoleces and are unable to continue the life cycle of the parasite. The adventitial layer, a host-derived fibrous capsule surrounding the hydatid cyst, is suggested to play an important role in local immune regulation during infection and in fertility of the cysts. Fasciola hepatica, another important parasite of cattle, induces a characteristic Th2-like immune response that could modulate the immune response against E. granulosus. Natural co-infection of both parasites is common in cattle, but no reports describe the local immune response against E. granulosus with F. hepatica infection in the same host. This study analyzed the number and distribution of T and B cells in the adventitial layer of liver and lung cysts and the relationship with cyst fertility and F. hepatica co-infection. T lymphocytes were the predominant cell type in the adventitial layer of infertile hydatid cysts and were more numerous in infertile hydatid cysts. B lymphocyte numbers were not associated with hydatid cyst fertility. Mast cells were infrequent in the adventitial layer. The number of T and B cells was not associated with F. hepatica co-infection. The present study contributes to the understanding of local immune responses in bovine cystic echinococcosis.
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Gupta, Ashwani, Ashish Kumar, and Yatindra Kashid. "A wandering spleen with hydatid cyst in 16 weeks pregnancy a rare combination- A case report with review of literature." Journal of Medical Research 7, no. 5 (2021): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2021.7502.
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Wandering spleen is a rare clinical entity with less than 500 cases reported in literature, with incidence of less than 0.2%, characterised by presence of a spleen in a position other than of its normal i.e. left hypochondrium, due to hypermobility of spleen which result either from laxity or maldevelopment of its suspensory ligaments. Only few cases of wandering spleen with pregnancy have been documented in the literature. Echinococcosis (hydatid cyst) is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus parasite larva. Man is an accidental intermediate host in the life cycle of parasite. We report a rare case of a wandering spleen with a hydatid cyst, presenting with recurrent abdominal pain and abdominal mass with 16 weeks pregnancy.
21
Kori, Ronal, Sudhir Kumar Jain, and Rehan Nabi Khan. "Rare presentation of isolated hydatid disease of the breast." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 7 (2021): e243052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-243052.
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Isolated hydatid disease of the breast is a rare condition, possessing a diagnostic dilemma for the clinicians. Hydatid disease is common in endemic areas affecting most commonly the liver and lungs. Other organs rarely involved are the kidney, bone and brain. It is caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, widely spread by cattle and sheep. Humans are the accidental host for this organism. We present a similar case of isolated hydatid cyst of the breast, which was diagnosed preoperatively and managed successfully.
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Sarisoy, Hasan Tahsin, Kaya Memisoglu, Gulden Sonmez Tamer, and Ahmet Yilmaz Sarlak. "Primary hydatid disease in adductor muscles." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 31, no. 5 (2008): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v31i5.4877.
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Primary muscular Echinococcus infection is very rare without involvement of thoracic and abdominal organs. In this case a 31-year-old man who had a growing mass in the postero-medial part of his right thigh was examined. The mass was diagnosed as hydatid cyst using ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and serological tests. It was removed surgically and there has been no recurrence one year after the surgery. The MRI imaging characteristics may differ depending on the life cycle stage of the parasite. In this case report, we discuss the imaging characteristics of the muscular hydatid cyst with special emphasis on the MRI findings. In regions where hydatidosis is endemic, a mass found in body muscles should be considered as a muscular hydatid cyst.
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Wani, Ab Hamid, Javid Iqbal, and Gurbir Singh. "Echinococcosis in an Unusual Site: A Rare Case Report of a Primary Hydatid Cyst in the Thigh." International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports 17, no. 4 (2024): 39–43. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2024/v17i4399.
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Background: Hydatid disease, caused by the Echinococcus granulosus parasite, primarily affects the liver and lungs. Muscular involvement is extremely rare. A primary hydatid cyst in the thigh is an unusual and rare presentation, as hydatid disease typically affects the liver (70%) and lungs (20%), with muscle involvement being extremely uncommon (0.5–5%). This report presents a case of a primary hydatid cyst in the thigh. Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male patient presented with a swelling in the anterior thigh, which had been gradually enlarging. The patient reported no pain, fever, or trauma. On the basis of local examination, suspected of small cystic swelling, patient was planned for excision. Intra-operatively the swelling was diagnosed as a case of hydatid cyst with multiple cysts in the thigh. This case report marks the significance of preoperative radiological investigations in patients with rare clinical presentation of hydatid disease. Conclusion: Primary hydatid cyst of the thigh is rare but should be considered in differential diagnoses of soft tissue masses, especially in endemic areas.
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Hossain, Mohd Farid, Masudar Rahman, Ruhul Amin, Tanvir Ahmed, and Apu Karmaker. "Hydatid cyst of the submandibular region." KYAMC Journal 5, no. 1 (2017): 480–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v5i1.32321.
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Hydatid cyst is caused by larval stage of Echinococcus parasite, mainly/largely by E. granulosus. It usually involves one organ. It may affect many organs also. Hydatid cyst of the head and neck region is uncommon and involvement of submandibular region is very rare. Here we present a case of left submandibular region hydatid cyst. This patient is an elderly gentleman of age 61 years from Soydabad, Sirajgonj. He noticed a painless peanut size swelling in his left submandibular region 5 years back. It had started increasing in size for last 4 months and become cricket ball size. Examination revealed a soft, nontender lump in that region. Skin and subcutaneous tissues are free of lump adherence. Chest X-ray was unremarkable. CT Scan showed a benign cystic swelling. Excision was performed and pathological examination revealed a hydatid cyst.KYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-1, Jul 2014, Page 480-483
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Gessese, Abebe Tesfaye. "Review on Epidemiology and Public Health Significance of Hydatidosis." Veterinary Medicine International 2020 (December 5, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8859116.
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Hydatidosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by larval stages (hydatid cysts) of cestodes belonging to the genus Echinococcus and the family Taeniidae. Hydatid cyst, which is the larval stage of Echinococcus, is a bladder-like cyst formed in various organs and tissues following the growth of the oncospheres of an Echninoccus tape worm in that specific organ or tissue. The epidemiology and control of hydatidosis is often considered to be a veterinary matter since the disease can be regulated by controlling parasites in animals. However, collaboration between veterinarians and public health workers is essential for the successful control of hydotidosis. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to review The epidemiology, economic and public health importance of hydatidosis. The developmental stage of Echinococcus is that eggs develop to oncospheres, this oncospheres develop to hydatid cyst in the intermediate host and the hydatid cyst if consumed by final host develops to the adult Echinococcus. Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the tape worm of the genus Echinococcus. Echinococcus granucosus granulosis cause cystic echinococcosis (CE), Echinococcus multilocularis cause alveolar echinoloccosis (AE), and Echinococcus vogeli and Echinococcus oligarthus cause polycystic echinococcosis (PE). From these Echinococcus mulitilocularis is rare but is the most virulent, Echinococcus vegeli and Echinococcus oligarthus are the rarest. Hydatidosis is a zoonotic cosmopolitan parasitic disease found in almost all countries of the world. This disease causes a significant economic loss directly by causing organ or carcass condemnation and indirectly by affecting human and animal health which increase the cost for diagnosis, treatment and control of the disease. Public awareness creation about the transmission and control of the disease and its public health significance and collaboration between veterinarians and public health workers in the prevention and control of the disease is mandatory.
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Ochieng'-Mitula, P. J., M. D. B. Burt, C. E. Tanner, et al. "The effect of ivermectin on the hydatid cyst of Echinococcus multilocularis in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 5 (1994): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-110.
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The effects of the anthelmintic ivermectin on Echinococcus multilocularis hydatid cysts in gerbils, treated either by intraperitoneal systemic injection or by direct injection into the cyst, were studied by means of light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Intraperitoneal systemic treatment with ivermectin generally reduced proliferation of the parasite. The drug also affected the morphology of protoscolices, causing contraction and necrotic changes. However, the cyst tissue from treated animals was still infective to naive hosts. Direct injection of the drug into the cyst caused vesiculation of the cyst tissue cells and induced pathological changes in the treated cyst that included necrosis with detachment of the germinal layer from the laminated layer. However, the effects of both treatments were not generalized and some parts of the hydatid tissue remained intact.
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Agarwal, A., O. Rosca, K. Mody, and I. Mukherjee. "Cytology-Histology Correlation of Hydatid Cyst: A Case Study and Literature Review." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (2020): S95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.208.
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Abstract Casestudy: Hydatid cyst results when humans get infected by ingesting the eggs of Echinococcus Granulosus. Upon release, the six-hooked oncospheres penetrate the intestinal wall and migrate via circulation to various organs, mostly liver and lung. Here, they develop into hydatid cyst. The cyst enlarges gradually and is filled with daughter cysts and protoscolices. We report the case of a 69-year old female, native of Uzbekistan, who presented with right upper quadrant pain. Imaging showed a 20 cm liver cyst and multiple pelvic cysts with a stage of CE2 implying that they were most likely functional. Serum Echinococcal antibody was positive. After 2 months of Albendazole treatment, there was no radiological change. The patient underwent laparoscopic puncture aspiration and injection with 20% saline (PAIR) and pericystectomy of the pelvic cysts. The aspirate revealed scattered scolices, inflammatory cells and abundant amorphous debris consistent with hydatid cyst. Bilateral 5-cm pelvic cysts had pale yellow, soft to firm walled, multiple cavities. Microscopy revealed a fibrofatty outermost layer with chronic inflammation and a two-layered cyst wall including a thin germinal epithelium covered by a thick acellular outer membrane. Multiple parasites, some degenerate (dense eosinophilic) were present, confirming the cytologic diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis. Following further treatment with Albendazole, she underwent a robotic assisted PAIR and partial peri-cystectomy of the liver cyst with repair of the duct to cyst communication. The liver cyst contained daughter cysts of Echinococcus and brood capsule with protoscolices. After 2 months more of Albendazole her Elisa was intermediate. A prior study reported cytopathologic diagnosis of hydatid cyst in 17 patients evaluated for various masses. Our case highlights the role of cytology sampling in confirming the diagnosis of hydatid disease. Potentially fatal in untreated patients, this entity has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions.
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Zakaria, El Mouatassim, Kada Ali, Lafrani Ismail, et al. "CASE REPORT: GIANT HYDATID CYST OF THE LIVER IN A YOUNG PATIENT: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT AND LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 10 (2024): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19622.
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Hydatid disease, caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, remains a significant public health issue in endemic areas, especially in rural settings. This report presents the case of an 18-year-old female patient residing in a rural area, with no significant medical history, who developed a symptomatic hepatic hydatid cyst. The patient was treated surgically without preoperative antiparasitic therapy and was placed on postoperative albendazole. The case highlights the importance of timely surgical intervention and long-term follow-up to prevent recurrence.
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Deeba, Ali, Zhu Lingna, Detroz Arnaud, Gorur Yilmaz, Bosquee lionel, and Cardos Benoit. "Mediastinal cystic lesions: a rare entity." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 3, no. 11 (2019): 792–95. https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMRCR.Mediastinal-cystic-lesions.
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Background – Hydatid cysts are caused by infection with a tapeworm parasite called Echinococcus granulosus. They are usually located in the liver and lungs. This is a case-report of a mediastinal hydatid cyst. Although many uncommon locations of this disease are reported in the medical literature, only a few papers mention this type of lesion in the mediastinum. Case summary - We report the case of a mediastinal cyst in a 58-year-old Belgian female patient presenting chest pain, dry cough and dyspnea during the last four weeks. She was travelling to Tunisia two months prior to her admission. The diagnosis is suspected by Ultrasound coupled with CT-scan and confirmed by the surgical findings and the histopathological study. Therapeutic attitude was aggressive (cyst excision surgery), in order to avoid any complication or degeneration among the surrounding vital structures. Conclusion- Mediastinal hydatid cysts are extremely rare and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of the cystic masses of the mediastinum even in non-endemic area, due to tourism and current important migration movements across Europe. Chest scan is the preferred imaging tool in diagnosis. Surgical removal of the cyst is the most common treatment.
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Mahmoudvand, Hossein, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Massumeh Niazi, Abdolreza Rouientan, Fazel Mohammadi-Moghadam, and Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki. "The High Potential of Ozone Gas to Inactivate Echinococcus granulosus Protoscoleces During Hydatid Cyst Surgery." Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 5 (2020): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871526519666190924160925.
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Background: In medicine, ozone therapy is effectively used in a broad spectrum of diseases. Reviews have shown that ozone gas demonstrates potent antimicrobial effects against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, such as oral bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasite even in resistant strains. The present investigation was designed to assess the protoscolicidal effects of ozone gas on hydatid cysts protoscoleces in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Hydatid cyst protoscoleces were acquired from sheep livers that were slaughtered at Kerman slaughterhouse, Iran. The viability of protoscoleces was assessed by the eosin exclusion examination after exposure with ozone gas for 1 to 14 min in vitro and ex vivo. Results: In this study, in vitro assay showed that ozone gas at the concentration of 20 mg/L killed 85 and 100% of hydatid cyst protoscoleces after 4 and 6 min of treatment, respectively. However, in the ex vivo analysis, a longer time was needed to confirm a potent protoscolicidal activity such that ozone gas after an exposure time of 12 min, 100% of the protoscoleces were killed within the hydatid cyst. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the findings of the present study showed that ozone gas at low concentrations (20 mg/L) and short times (4-6 min) might be used as a novel protoscolicidal drug for use in hydatid cyst surgery. However, more clinical surveys are required to discover the precise biological activity of ozone gas in animal and human subjects.
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Manekk, Roshani S., and Aditya Mehta. "Recurrence of Primary Pulmonary Hydatidosis in the Left Lung with No Hepatic Involvement." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 10 (2021): 746–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/160.
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Echinococcus granulosus is the most common cause of hydatid disease of the lung. Hydatid disease is endemic to the Mediterranean countries, Middle East, South America and Australia. After liver, lung is the 2nd most common organ involved in this disease.1 The main route of infection is infestation of the embryo which after passing through the duodenal wall enters into the portal vein or the peri duodenal and perigastric lymphatics. The pulmonary cysts develop through this route, secondary to hepatic lesions. 1 Pulmonary hydatidosis is most commonly seen in men during the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. An intact cyst can be defined as “simple or closed cyst”, and a ruptured and / or infected cyst“ can be defined as “complicated cyst”.2 Recurrence has been defined as new active cysts appearing after therapy, which includes reappearance with continual growth of live cysts at the site of a previously treated cyst or new distant disease appearing as a result of spillage.3 The diagnosis of hydatid cyst diagnosis is often delayed because patients are asymptomatic for years during the period of growth of the parasite.2 Surgical goals in a case of hydatid cyst are: A - total eradication of the parasite; B - the prevention of the cyst 's rupturing on the operative field and its consequent dissemination; and C - the extirpation of the residual cavity.4 In this article, we report a rare case of male patient with multiple daughter cysts in the left lung at pleura-parenchymal junction and mediastinum who presented to us with recurrent pulmonary hydatidosis, which has caused complication of expectoration of multiple daughter cyst of small size.
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Janssen, D., A. Osuna, J. Lazuen, and P. H. De Rycke. "Comparative cytotoxicity of secondary hydatid cysts, protoscoleces, and in vitro developed microcysts of Echinococcus granulosus." Journal of Helminthology 66, no. 2 (1992): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00012700.
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ABSTRACTInfection with the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus is characterized by a concomitant immunity. Survival of established and developing hydatid cysts in the intermediate host implies a mechanism to modulate its immunological reactions. In order to investigate this mechanism, secondary hydatid cysts were isolated from intraperitoneally infected laboratory white mice (strain NMRI) 12 months p.i. A number of hydatid cysts were freed from the surrounding host adventitial tissue. Monolayer cultures of non-stimulated peritoneal macrophages of NMRI mice were prepared and incubated in the presence of the hydatid cysts. By means of a trypan blue exclusion test and by measuring the incorporation of tritium labelled uridine, it was found that the presence of hydatid cysts reduced the viability of the macrophages in vitro. Toxic substances are probably secreted since the medium of cultured hydatid cysts also displayed cytotoxic activity. Hydatid cysts with adventitia, as well as culture medium of those cysts, were less toxic. When toxins, partially purified from hydatid cyst fluid, were previously incubated on a collagen coated surface, a reduced level of toxicity was found, suggesting that collagen of the host adventitia may play a role in controlling the liberation of toxins by the hydatid cyst. Virtually no toxicity was exerted by protoscoleces or by the medium of cultured protoscoleces, in contrast to in vitro vesiculated protoscoleces (so called microcysts). The results reveal a novel feature of hydatid cysts that may play a role in the survival of the parasite in the immunized host.
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V. Patel, Hepi, and Dharmesh P. Vasavada. "Extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts as primary lesions." International Surgery Journal 11, no. 4 (2024): 594–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20240750.
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Background: Hydatid cyst disease, caused by the larval stage of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, commonly affects the liver and lungs but can also manifest in various extrahepatic and extrapulmonary locations. Splenic hydatid disease, despite being rare, is the third most common location. This paper presents a case series highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for patients with extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts. Several studies already postulated on sites of hydatid cysts which have statistically significant results. Methods: Patients who were operated on for hydatid disease or cystic lesions, which were later diagnosed as hydatid disease, between September 2022-August 2023 were retrieved retrospectively. Patients with lesions localized outside the liver and the lung as well as in liver and lung were enrolled in the study. Fifty-Two patients with extra-hepatic primary hydatid disease were treated surgically at our clinic. The cysts were located in different part of body. Results has undergone statistical methods like Z-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Any patient of any gender admitted with diagnosis of hydatid cyst in any part of body with age >18 but less than 70 years irrespective of any comorbidities. Results: Surgical techniques like partial or total cystectomy with or without tube drainage are good option for management of extrahepatic and extrapulmonary primary hydatid cysts. There were no complications or mortality in the postoperative period. Hydatid cyst is considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions, especially in endemic areas. Surgical technique planned according to the location of the cyst. Conclusions: Cystectomy is a surgical option in extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cyst which is evaluate better in this study.
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Musalah, Saleem Khadir, Muhammad Azeez Sulaiman, Anas Amer Mohammad, and Walid Wahab Al-Rawi. "Epidural Spinal Cord Compression by an Abscess from a Dumbbell Extension of a Non-Osseous Soft Tissue Paravertebral Hydatid Cyst in the Dorsal Region." Advanced Medical Journal 8, no. 2 (2023): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.56056/amj.2023.215.
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Background and objectives: Human being may become infested with Echinococcus granulosus, as an intermediate host, ending with the formation of hydatid cyst. Hydatidosis, affecting various parts of human body and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any cystic mass lesion. Osseous Hydatid cyst is rare; however, it involves the spinal column in half of the cases. In the current study, the epidural hydatid cyst had presented with spinal cord compression due to the formation of an epidural abscess formation. Methods: A young adult housewife lady who had been affected by the parasite, primary paravertebral hydatid cyst, between the seventh and ninth dorsal vertebral levels, presented with spinal cord compression due to epidural abscess lesion. Ultrasound, the contrast magnetic resonance, and computed tomography imaging are standard tests in the diagnostic work-up of the lesion and follow-up of the patient. Appropriate dorsal laminectomy, removal of the hydatid cyst, and the inflammatory epidural cystic compressing tissues were done. Results: Operative intervention had resulted in a dramatic improvement in the patient's condition and reversal of her neurological deficit back to normal; the paravertebral ectocyst size had eventually shrunken and there was no recurrence. The excised tissues that were compressing the dorsal spinal cord proved, Histopathologically, to be inflammatory in its microscopical appearance. Conclusions: Hydatid cyst epidural dumbbell extension may rupture and lead to the formation of an abscess, giving enhancement on contrast magnetic resonance and computed tomography scan studies. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature specifying spinal cord compression by an epidural abscess formation from a paraspinal dumbbell extension of hydatid cyst.
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Yousofi Darani, Hossein, and Rasool Jafari. "Renal echinococcosis; the parasite, host immune response, diagnosis and management." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 14, no. 05 (2020): 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11496.
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Renal echinococcosis is a rare parasite-caused disease of humans and animals; it makes up about 4% of confirmed cases of cystic echinococcosis. It is a zoonotic disease that occurs in the intermediate hosts harboring the larval stage, the hydatid cyst, of Echinococcus spp. The renal involvement is often asymptomatic or with unspecific signs. Its diagnosis is mostly based on imaging technique. Immunodiagnostic tests are not applicable. Furthermore, because the disease is not common, our knowledge about its different aspects is scarce. In this review, the parasite, host immune response, diagnosis, and management of renal echinococcosis are described.
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Abdelbaki, Mourad, and Dr N. Khellafi. "Pericardial Hydatidosis Revealed by Tamponade, A Case Report." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 9, no. 01 (2024): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol09-i01/1804.
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Hydatidosis or hydatid cyst is a Cosmopolitan Zoonosis, due to accidental tissue development in humans of the Taenia Echinococcus granulosus larva, an adult parasite of the small intestine of dogs. Very widespread in Mediterranean countries, where it is generally maintained through a domestic cycle involving dogs and sheep. Algeria is a country with high endemicity, and parasitosis constitutes a major health problem. Pericardial localization without cardiac involvement is extremely rare. We report the observation of isolated intrapericardial hydatidosis revealed by tamponade.
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lu, Ufuk, Duygu liklerden, G. Kaygusuz, and Metin Tan. "Postoperative Recurrent Abscess in Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst." International Journal of Echinococcoses 2, no. 2 (2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ije.2023.05.04.
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Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a disease that is endemic in our country and occurs as a result of the contamination of the eggs of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The first preferred treatment method in lung involvement of CE is surgery. In our study, we aimed to present a patient with postoperative recurrent intrathoracic extraparenchymal abscess focus who was operated for giant hydatid cyst. A 21-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of chest pain. In the radiological examinations of the patient, a recurrent 122*62 mm abscess was detected despite being drained twice. The patient underwent a thoracotomy, the abscess was drained, and omentoplasty was performed to prevent air leakage due to severe destruction of the lung parenchyma of the patient whose cyst pouch was left open in the first operation. There are different surgical procedures for pulmonary hydatid cysts, but the first choice should be cystotomy + capitonage because if the cyst pouch is left open, it can cause abscess, empyema and lung destruction.
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Gohil, Vikram B., Swarnim U. Thakur, Smit M. Mehta, and Firdaus A. Dekhaiya. "Comparative study of laparoscopic and open surgery in management of 50 cases of liver hydatid cyst." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 4 (2020): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201170.
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Background: Echinococcosis is caused by parasite called Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis. The modern treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver varies from surgical intervention to percutaneous drainage or medical therapy.Methods: This clinical study was done on 50 patients who had liver hydatid disease admitted in Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar from August 2013 to February 2016. Patients were divided into two groups consisting of 25 cases in each. Group A: managed by open surgery. Group B: managed by laparoscopic surgery. All patients followed up for 6 months after surgery.Results: The mean operative time in Group A was 65.2 minutes (range 35-100 minutes) while in Group B it was 76.32 minutes (range 50-100 minutes). Group B patients were mobilised early and resumed duty very fast then Group A. The mean duration of stay in hospital was 12.4 days (range 4-20 days) in Group A and 6.2 days (range 4-12 days) in Group B. Wound infection seen in 16% in Group A and 0% in Group B. General complication rate was 32% in Group A and 8% in Group B. No recurrence noticed in either group during follow up.Conclusions: Overall laparoscopic management of liver hydatid cyst is cost effective in terms of early mobilization, early discharge and early resumption of work along with cosmetic benefit.
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Schnepper, Gregory D., and Walter D. Johnson. "Recurrent spinal hydatidosis in North America." Neurosurgical Focus 17, no. 6 (2004): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2004.17.6.8.
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Spinal hydatidosis is an uncommon manifestation of the parasite Echinococcus, affecting fewer than 1% of patients with hydatid disease. The authors report on a 34-year-old Turkish woman who presented with recurrent primary spinal hydatid disease. The patient originally presented with progressive numbness and paraparesis that was reversed after T5–6 laminectomy and cyst removal. Pathological findings indicated parasitic infection and she underwent treatment for cysticercosis. Nevertheless, she returned 4 years later with back pain, numbness, and monoparesis. Neuroimaging studies revealed spinal cord compression with multiple cysts that were again resected. Pathological findings were consistent with Echinococcus. Although this disease is uncommon, particularly in North America, the authors conclude that spinal hydatidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient who has lived or traveled within endemic areas and who presents with spine lesions and cord compression. The authors review the literature pertaining to the epidemiological features, presentation, diagnosis, neuroimaging characteristics, recommended treatments, and overall prognosis of spinal hydatidosis.
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Zhao, Yumin, Weifeng Gui, Yishu Zhang, Gang Mo, Dayu Li, and Shigui Chong. "Inhibitory Effect of Ionizing Radiation on Echinococcus granulosus Hydatid Cyst." Diseases 7, no. 1 (2019): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases7010023.
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Background: Heavy ion radiation has more advantages than traditional radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer, mainly because of its superior biological effects. However, there is currently no reliable evidence that heavy ion radiation can induce cell death in hydatid cysts at the cellular and molecular level. In addition, we believe heavy ion therapy could be a potential alternative approach for the treatment of hydatid cysts. Methodology/Principal Finding: The hydatid cysts and protoscolices were obtained from an experimentally infected KunMing mice. LD50 was used to evaluate the death of the protoscolex. The cellular and ultrastructure of the parasites were observed under light and electron microscopes, the damage and copy numbers of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were decided by QPCR. The apoptosis was evaluated by the expression and activity of caspase3. Dose-dependent ionizing radiation induced damage to the initial mtDNA. Echinococcosis cyst after ionizing radiation showed sparse cytoplasm, disorganized and clumped organelles, huge vacuoles, and villus deletions. The kinetic of DNA repair activity after X-ray irradiation was faster than those after carbon-ion irradiation. High doses of carbon ion radiation caused irreversible attenuation of mitochondrial DNA. Cysts showed obvious reduction in size after radiation. Carbon ion radiation was more effective than X-ray radiation in inhibiting hydatid cysts. Conclusions: These studies provide evidence that heavy-ion radiation can cause the extinction of hydatid cysts in vitro. The carbon-ion radiation is more advantageous than X-ray radiation in suppress hydatid cyst.
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Moghaddam, Sirous Mehrani, Stephane Picot, and Ehsan Ahmadpour. "Interactions between hydatid cyst and regulated cell death may provide new therapeutic opportunities." Parasite 26 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019070.
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Cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis are chronic zoonotic infections, transmitted throughout the world. Development of the cestode larval stages in the liver and lungs causes damage to intermediate hosts, including humans. Several pathways leading to the suppression of host immune response and the survival of the cysts in various hosts are known. Immune response modulation and regulated cell death (RCD) play a fundamental role in cyst formation, development and pathogenesis. RCD, referring to apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, can be triggered either via intrinsic or extrinsic cell stimuli. In this review, we provide a general overview of current knowledge on the process of RCD during echinococcosis. The study of interactions between RCD and Echinococcus spp. metacestodes may provide in-depth understanding of echinococcosis pathogenesis and open new horizons for human intervention and treatment of the disease.
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Abdulla, Saman H. "Comprehensive Evaluation and Management of Liver Hydatid Cyst." Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal 8, no. 2 (2024): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v8n2y2024.pp116-119.
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Hydatid cyst infection is a severe disorder caused by exposure to the infectious form of the Echinococcus granulosus parasite, which is widespread worldwide. This study examined a total of 125 patients who were diagnosed with hepatic hydatid cysts based on clinical and surgical evaluations. Patients with cysts larger than 5 cm displayed markedly elevated levels of ALT, AST, and ALP in comparison to those with smaller cysts. The heightened levels suggest a disturbance in liver functionality resulting from the infection. Furthermore, the patients exhibited elevated serum bilirubin levels. An evident differentiation was observed between patients with cysts over 5 cm in size and those with smaller cysts, indicating have a higher effect on liver function in individuals with bigger cysts. A total of 225 hepatic hydatid cysts were diagnosed using CT scans. The predominant cyst phases seen were Stage I and II, accounting for 58% and 45% of cases, respectively. Upon diagnosis, 79% The cysts range in size from 5 to 10 cm. CT imaging provides additional features that aid in the identification of type I unilocular echinococcosis. However, it is important to note that no single imaging feature is clearly diagnostic of this type of cyst.. Nevertheless, imaging techniques can assist in differentiating these cysts from non-parasitic liver cysts. On the other hand, Type II, III, and V hydatid cysts can be accurately identified by their distinct imaging characteristics.
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ELİCORA, Aykut, and Hüseyin Fatih SEZER. "Akciğer Hidatik Kisti Cerrahi Tedavisi, Tek Merkez Deneyimi." Acta Medica Nicomedia 6, no. 2 (2023): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1286617.
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Objective: Lung hydatid cyst is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. Surgery is the main treatment of the disease in lung hydatid cysts. In our article, we aimed to share our experiences with our patients who underwent surgical treatment for hydatid cysts of the lungs.
 Methods: The data of 41 patients who underwent surgical treatment for pulmonary hydatid cysts in our clinic were analyzed retrospectively. The factors affecting the success of surgical treatment were analyzed.
 Results: Eighteen (43.9%) of the patients were male and 23 (56.1%) were female. There was no statistically significant difference between the size groups in terms of length of hospital stay (p=0.070). No statistically significant correlation was found between the number of lesions and postoperative complications (p=0.367).
 Conclusion: Lung hydatid cysts are a public health problem that can be seen in all age groups. Although different symptoms and complications related to the disease are encountered in lung hydatid cysts, surgery is an effective treatment method with low recurrence, morbidity and mortality.
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KOCA, Özlem, Özgül ÇETİNKAYA, Aylin ERMAN DALOĞLU, Yeşim ÇEKİN, and Hatice ÖZEN. "Evaluation of immunochromatography method in the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis." Anatolian Current Medical Journal 5, no. 4 (2023): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1345403.
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Aims: Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of hydatid cyst, or cystic echinococcosis (CE), with its current name. Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic cestode; commonly found in humans and farm animals. In cystic echinococcosis infection, transmission occurs by oral ingestion of parasite eggs excreted in infected dog feces. The larval form is responsible for the formation of slowly growing cysts in the organs and tissues of mammals such as humans, sheep, goats and cattle. In this study, it was aimed to compare indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and immunochromatographic (ICT) methods from the sera of patients with suspected CE and to evaluate serological tests based on imaging and clinical diagnosis.
 Methods: Between 31 October 2022 and 31 January 2023, blood samples of 95 patients with suspected CE from different units of our hospital and for whom IHA was routinely requested were included in the study prospectively. VIRAPID® Hydatidosis (Vircell, Granada, Spain) test using the immunochromatographic method and ELI.H.A. Echinococcus (ELITech Microbio, France) test was studied in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
 Results: Based on clinical and imaging methods of 95 patients included in our study, 64 (63.1%) were diagnosed with hydatid cyst. Based on imaging and clinical diagnosis; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values were calculated as 81.3%, 96.8%, 98.1%, 71.4% for the IHA test, and were calculated as 75.0%, 93.5%, 96.6%, 64.4% for the ICT test, respectively. Good agreement was found between the two tests (percent agreement=68.0%; kappa value=0.682; p
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Asheri, Parisa, Abolfazl Miahipour, Mohammad Zibaei, and Hamid Hosseini. "Determination of Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B Polymorphism in Human and Animal Isolates From Alborz Province by PCR-SSCP." International Journal of Enteric Pathogens 9, no. 3 (2021): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2021.18.
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Background: Echinococcus granulosus is one of the most important pathogens in medicine. This parasite is able to cause a hydatid cyst in humans, which causes various human and financial losses annually. Objective: This study focused on determining the polymorphism of antigen B (AgB) of E. granulosus in the human and animal samples of Alborz province. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 samples of the hydatid cyst fluid (HCF), 10 human samples, and 40 sheep samples were collected, then the DNA was extracted from the samples. During the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, the corresponding fragment was replicated in the AgB gene. Subsequently, PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was performed to investigate genetic diversity. Results: All 50 isolates used in this study showed the AgB in 350 bp after conducting PCR. In addition, all isolates demonstrated similar band patterns after the PCR-SSCP assay. Conclusion: In 50 isolates, one banding pattern was observed after PCR-SSCP, while no polymorphism was detected in any of the isolates.
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Obead, Jihad Talib, Nada Abdulhussein Alkafaji, Sajad adnan Khudair, and Ihsan Mohammed Sulbi. "Determination of immune reactive proteins in Hydatid Cyst that isolated from sheep in Kerbalaa province- Iraq." Technium BioChemMed 13 (April 14, 2025): 64–71. https://doi.org/10.47577/biochemmed.v13i.12721.
Full textAbstract:
Hydatidosis is among the most common parasitic zoonotic diseases, not just in Iraq but globally. Worldwide, in domestic animals and humans are at significant effect for unilocular hydatid disease, This is brought on by the parasite E. granulosus. The zoonotic parasitic disease known as cystic echinococcosis, brought on by the tapeworm E. granulosus. Through development of parasite, dogs and carnivores serve as the final hosts, whereas herbivores and omnivores, such as humans, serve as intermediated hosts, where the metacestode (larval stage) grows in the organs, primarily the lungs and liver. Although sheep have lately drawn increased attention as E. granulosus infection reservoirs among intermediate hosts, the understanding of the localized inflammatory responses associated with liver cystic echinococcosis is limited Echinococcus granulosus larvae, known as hydatid cysts, are frequently seen in Iraqi sheep and goats that have been killed. Our study's objective was to identify immune reactive proteins in hydatid cysts extracted from infected sheep's liver. In this investigation, samples of liver from sheep slaughtered at the Karbala Abattoir in Iraq were used to acquire fluid from Hydatid cysts (N = 25 samples). The SDS-PAGE technique (Sodium Dodecy Sulfate-Polyacrelamide Gel Electrophoresis) was used to analyze different proteins in the fluids extracted from cysts in order to identify reactive proteins. The fluid antigens' SDS PAGE results showed 85 kDa, 70 kDa, 46 kDa, 34 kDa, 23 kDa, 9 kDa, 4 kDa, and 2 kDa bands for hydatid cysts. Conclusion of current study, improve our understanding of immune responses to cystic Echinococcosis in intermediate hosts, identify disease progression markers, and offer initial insights for future research on hydatid cyst immune reactions
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Shah, Khushbu P., and Mandakini M. Patel. "Parasites found in surgical pathology: the institutional experience." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 10 (2019): 3756. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194305.
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Background: Parasitic infestation has a worldwide prevalence and it affects almost all age groups and both the sexes. The incidence of these infections is slowly rising in today’s era. Parasites are mainly found in stool samples but due to increase in a immunocompromised state now a days, tissue parasitaemia has increased globally necessitating more such type of studies. Parasite found in surgical pathology either incidentally or in clinically suspicious cases not only improves morbidity but also saves clinician’s time and patient’s money.Methods: A retrospective-cross sectional study is done based on histomorphological and cytomorphological evaluation of 25 cases diagnosed at The Department of pathology, New Civil Hospital Surat from January 2015 to January 2017.Results: Most common parasite seen was Echinococcus presenting as hydatid cyst in liver followed by filariasis. Most common age group affected was 0-20 years of age. Most common intestinal parasite found in our study was Entamoeba histolytica. Patients presented with variety of symptoms.Conclusions: Distribution of parasite in tissue section in relation to frequency, age, sex, various system involvements and its correlation with clinical symptoms are analyzed in our study.
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Irshadullah, M., W. A. Nizami, and C. N. L. Macpherson. "Observations on the suitability and importance of the domestic intermediate hosts of Echinococcus granulosus in Uttah Pradesh, India." Journal of Helminthology 63, no. 1 (1989): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00008701.
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ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the suitability and importance of buffaloes, camels, sheep, goats and pigs in maintaining the life-cycle of Echinococcus granulosus in Aligarh, India. A total of 565 (36%) of 1556 buffaloes, 20 (2%) of 1208 goats, 5 (1%) of 559 pigs, 6 (6%) of 109 sheep and two of three camels were found to harbour hydatid cysts. The frequency distribution of the hydatid cysts in each intermediate host species was over-dispersed and in buffaloes cyst fertility increased with increasing cyst size. Of 2171, 95 and four buffalo, goat, and camel cysts examined 327 (15%), two (2%) and three cysts respectively were fertile. No pig or sheep cysts were found to contain protoscoleces. The unfenced buffalo abattoir and the large number of dogs allowed access to the abattoir coupled to the number of buffaloes slaughtered in comparison to the other potential hosts, indicates that the buffalo is the most significant host for maintaining the life-cycle of the parasite in this area of India. Applicable control measures for the region are suggested.
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Vuitton, Dominique A., Donald P. McManus, Michael T. Rogan, et al. "International consensus on terminology to be used in the field of echinococcoses." Parasite 27 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2020024.
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Echinococcoses require the involvement of specialists from nearly all disciplines; standardization of the terminology used in the field is thus crucial. To harmonize echinococcosis terminology on sound scientific and linguistic grounds, the World Association of Echinococcosis launched a Formal Consensus process. Under the coordination of a Steering and Writing Group (SWG), a Consultation and Rating Group (CRG) had the main missions of (1) providing input on the list of terms drafted by the SWG, taking into account the available literature and the participants’ experience; and (2) providing independent rating on all debated terms submitted to vote. The mission of the Reading and Review Group (RRG) was to give an opinion about the recommendation paper in terms of readability, acceptability and applicability. The main achievements of this process were: (1) an update of the current nomenclature of Echinococcus spp.; (2) an agreement on three names of diseases due to Echinococcus spp.: Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), Alveolar Echinococcosis (AE) and Neotropical Echinococcosis (NE), and the exclusion of all other names; (3) an agreement on the restricted use of the adjective “hydatid” to refer to the cyst and fluid due to E. granulosus sensu lato; and (4) an agreement on a standardized description of the surgical operations for CE, according to the “Approach, cyst Opening, Resection, and Completeness” (AORC) framework. In addition, 95 “approved” and 60 “rejected” terms were listed. The recommendations provided in this paper will be applicable to scientific publications in English and communication with professionals. They will be used for translation into other languages spoken in endemic countries.
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Sayal, Raad Ajam, та Haider Malik Mohammed. "Evaluation of TNF-α Concentration Level in Al-Najaf Hospitals Patients Infected with Hydatid Cysts". Journal La Medihealtico 5, № 4 (2024): 941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v5i4.1536.
Full textAbstract:
Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a species of medical importance, the Echinococcus granulosus , an etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE). A radiological examination will be performed for these patients to diagnose Echinococcus granulosus parasite by find echinococcal cysts. All of these patients were involved in this study and during the period starting from October 2023 to the end of January 2024, from all ages of patient from both sex (Males and Females At Al-Sader Medical City, AL-Hakeem General Hospital, AL-Haidarya general Hospital and Al-Hayat Hospital. The mean level of TNF-α in patients is 163.27 pg/ml, which is significantly higher than the mean level of 38.58 pg/ml in controls (p-value < 0.001). The prevalence of hydatid disease in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf in this study was 33%. Levels of the cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-4 are more important in patients with Echinococcus granulosus under 40 years of age than in those over 40 years of age.