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Journal articles on the topic 'Ecma International'

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Published: 1 July 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Robert, D. Hellweg, Dunens Egons, and Eric Baugh. "Ecma International Acoustic Standard Activities: An enabler for controlling information technology noise emissions." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 129, no. 4 (April 2011): 2583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3588538.

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2

Hekimi, D. "ECMA-119 — The first international standard for volume and file structure of cd-rom." Computer Standards & Interfaces 6, no. 2 (January 1987): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5489(87)90063-8.

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3

Rambaud, Jerome, Pierre L. Léger, Ludovic Porlier, Michelle Larroquet, Herve Raffin, Charlotte Pierron, Herve Walti, and Ricardo Carbajal. "International aircraft ECMO transportation: first French pediatric experience." Perfusion 32, no. 3 (September 24, 2016): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659116667805.

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Refractory severe hemodynamic or respiratory failure may require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Since some patients are too sick to be transported safely to a referral ECMO center on conventional transportation, mobile ECMO transport teams have been developed. The experiences of some ECMO transport teams have already been reported, including air and international transport. We report the first French pediatric international ECMO transport by aircraft. This case shows that a long distance intervention of the pediatric ECMO transport team is feasible, even in an international setting. Long distance ECMO transportations are widely carried out for adults, but remain rare in neonates and children.

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Lewith, George T., and Marja J. Verhoef. "The International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ISCMR): the Way Forward." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 3, no. 1 (2006): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nek004.

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This article describes the birth and development of the International Society for Complementary Medicine Research (ISCMR) from its inception in 2003. The society's main function is to facilitate the development of CAM research internationally and to use its networks, website, newsflashes and newsletters to communicate with its members and bring CAM researchers together from all over the world.

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5

Cooper, Edwin L. "eCAM: Retaining an International Perspective." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 7, no. 4 (2010): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neq078.

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6

Raasveld, Senta Jorinde, Thijs S. R. Delnoij, Lars M. Broman, Annemieke Oude Lansink-Hartgring, Greet Hermans, Erwin De Troy, Fabio S. Taccone, et al. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Patients With COVID-19: An International Multicenter Cohort Study." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 36, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08850666211007063.

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Background: To report and compare the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to non-COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients on ECMO. Methods: We performed an international retrospective study of COVID-19 patients on ECMO from 13 intensive care units from March 1 to April 30, 2020. Demographic data, ECMO characteristics and clinical outcomes were collected. The primary outcome was to assess the complication rate and 28-day mortality; the secondary outcome was to compare patient and ECMO characteristics between COVID-19 patients on ECMO and non-COVID-19 related ARDS patients on ECMO (non-COVID-19; January 1, 2018 until July 31, 2019). Results: During the study period 71 COVID-19 patients received ECMO, mostly veno-venous, for a median duration of 13 days (IQR 7-20). ECMO was initiated at 5 days (IQR 3-10) following invasive mechanical ventilation. Median PaO2/FiO2 ratio prior to initiation of ECMO was similar in COVID-19 patients (58 mmHg [IQR 46-76]) and non-COVID-19 patients (53 mmHg [IQR 44-66]), the latter consisting of 48 patients. 28-day mortality was 37% in COVID-19 patients and 27% in non-COVID-19 patients. However, Kaplan-Meier curves showed that after a 100-day follow-up this non-significant difference resolves. Non-surviving COVID-19 patients were more acidotic prior to initiation ECMO, had a shorter ECMO run and fewer received muscle paralysis compared to survivors. Conclusions: No significant differences in outcomes were found between COVID-19 patients on ECMO and non-COVID-19 ARDS patients on ECMO. This suggests that ECMO could be considered as a supportive therapy in case of refractory respiratory failure in COVID-19.

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7

Hughes, Hilary. "An expanded critical incident approach for exploring information use and learning." Library and Information Research 36, no. 112 (September 27, 2012): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/lirg492.

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Critical incidents offer a focus for exploratory research about human experiences, including information use and information literacy learning. This paper describes how critical incidents underpinned research about international students’ use of online information resources at two Australian universities. It outlines the development and application of an expanded critical incident approach (ECIA), explaining how ECIA built upon critical incident technique (CIT) and incorporated information literacy theory. It discusses points of expansion (differences) between CIT and ECIA. While CIT initially proved useful in structuring the research, the pilot study revealed methodological limitations. ECIA allowed more nuanced data analysis and the integration of reflection. The study produced a multifaceted word picture of international students’ experience of using online information resources to learn, and a set of critical findings about their information literacy learning needs. ECIA offers a fresh approach for researching information use, information experience, evidence-based practice, information literacy and informed learning.

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8

Chia, Fah Choy, Martin Skitmore, Jason Gray, and Adrian Bridge. "International comparisons of nominal and real construction labour productivity." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 25, no. 7 (August 20, 2018): 896–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-12-2016-0255.

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Purpose A comparison of international construction labour productivity (CLP) is carried out by the conventional use of exchange rates to convert national construction output to a common base currency. Such measurement is always distorted by price-level differences between countries and therefore the purpose of this paper is to adopt a purchasing power parities (PPPs) approach, which eliminates price-level differences, as an alternative means of comparing CLP. Design/methodology/approach PPP construction expenditure data from the World Bank’s International Comparison Programme 2011 and employment statistics maintained by the International Labour Organization are used to generate the CLP of 93 matching economies. A one-way analysis of variance is conducted to evaluate the relationship between the development status and the CLPs. Findings The CLPs of developed economies are higher than developing economies in both PPPs (real) and exchange rate (nominal) measurements. The real CLPs are always higher than nominal CLP in high-income, upper-middle-income, lower-middle-income and low-income economies. Both real and nominal CLPs converge along with the economic growth. Research limitations/implications The average figures used in the study may not always be the most representative statistics. The CLPs determined provide an initial approximation for comparison between different economies to gain further insights into the best practices and policies for the more successful economies. Future research is recommended to uncover the underlying factors of CLPs congruence. Originality/value The convergence of real and nominal CLPs when economies transit from a developing to developed status indicates that the construction product has transformed from a commonly understood non-internationally traded product to an internationally traded product.

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9

Cooper, Edwin L. "12th International Congress of Oriental Medicine." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1, no. 1 (2004): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh005.

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10

Supady, Alexander, Jeff DellaVolpe, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Dominik Scharpf, Matthias Ulmer, Philipp M. Lepper, Maximilian Halbe, et al. "Outcome Prediction in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation—A Retrospective International Multicenter Study." Membranes 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030170.

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The role of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (V-V ECMO) in severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is still under debate and conclusive data from large cohorts are scarce. Furthermore, criteria for the selection of patients that benefit most from this highly invasive and resource-demanding therapy are yet to be defined. In this study, we assess survival in an international multicenter cohort of COVID-19 patients treated with V-V ECMO and evaluate the performance of several clinical scores to predict 30-day survival. Methods: This is an investigator-initiated retrospective non-interventional international multicenter registry study (NCT04405973, first registered 28 May 2020). In 127 patients treated with V-V ECMO at 15 centers in Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, and the United States, we calculated the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) Score, Respiratory Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survival Prediction (RESP) Score, Predicting Death for Severe ARDS on V-V ECMO (PRESERVE) Score, and 30-day survival. Results: In our study cohort which enrolled 127 patients, overall 30-day survival was 54%. Median SOFA, SAPS II, APACHE II, RESP, and PRESERVE were 9, 36, 17, 1, and 4, respectively. The prognostic accuracy for all these scores (area under the receiver operating characteristic—AUROC) ranged between 0.548 and 0.605. Conclusions: The use of scores for the prediction of mortality cannot be recommended for treatment decisions in severe COVID-19 ARDS undergoing V-V ECMO; nevertheless, scoring results below or above a specific cut-off value may be considered as an additional tool in the evaluation of prognosis. Survival rates in this cohort of COVID-19 patients treated with V-V ECMO were slightly lower than those reported in non-COVID-19 ARDS patients treated with V-V ECMO.

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11

Butt, W., T. Karl, A. Horton, F. Shann, and R. Mullaly. "Experience with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Children More than One Month Old." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 20, no. 3 (August 1992): 308–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9202000305.

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, in the treatment of children with life-threatening respiratory or cardiac failure since May 1988. The main indications for its use are, first, the disease is thought to be reversible, second, the child will survive with an acceptable quality of life and, third, the child has an 80% chance of dying without ECMO. Seven of eighteen children receiving ECMO have survived to leave hospital, and all are functionally normal: these results are similar to international results. It would appear that ECMO is a useful therapy for some children with otherwise fatal cardiorespiratory failure.

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12

Parrini, Dario. "European Traditional Medicine – International Congress Mayor's Introduction." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4, s1 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem133.

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13

Firenzuoli, Fabio, and Luigi Gori. "European Traditional Medicine – International Congress – Introductory Statement." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4, s1 (2007): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem134.

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14

Hong, Tsai-Lung, and Chih-Hai Yang. "The Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement between China and Taiwan: Understanding Its Economics and Politics." Asian Economic Papers 10, no. 3 (October 2011): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00104.

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World trade has become increasingly regionalized in the past decade as a result of preferential arrangements. Due to Taiwan's unique international political status, its present government believes that closer economic integration with China would enhance Taiwan's economic prosperity and prevent Taiwan from being marginalized in East Asia. Taiwan hence signed the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) with China in 2010. This paper summarizes arguments opposed to the ECFA from economic and political perspectives. Despite the fact that Taiwan is expected to reap greater benefits from deeper integration with China, simulation analyses show that the welfare-enhancing effect brought about by the ECFA is quite limited, because the ECFA contains no definite content or timeline other than an early harvest list.

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15

Verhoef, Marja J. "Founding the International Society of Complementary Medicine Research." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 1, no. 1 (2004): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh008.

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16

Löschel, Andreas, and Dirk Rübbelke. "On the Voluntary Provision of International Public Goods." Economica 81, no. 322 (February 10, 2014): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12081.

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17

Mayence, Annie, and Jean Eynde. "Second International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry (ECMC-2)." Pharmaceuticals 10, no. 4 (January 31, 2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph10010020.

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Mayence, Annie, and Jean Jacques Vanden Eynde. "Third International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry (ECMC-3)." Pharmaceuticals 11, no. 1 (February 9, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph11010018.

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Mayence, Annie, and Jean Vanden Eynde. "First International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry (ECMC-1)." Pharmaceuticals 9, no. 1 (March 11, 2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph9010014.

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20

Rodriguez-Coronado, Jesus Andres, Jesus Arturo Saldivar-Martinez, Rene Daniel Gomez-Gutierrez, Guillermo Quezada-Valenzuela, Maria Veronica Contreras-Cepeda, Ramon Gerardo Sanchez-Cortes, Miguel A. Paz-Gonzalez, Mario Alberto Castillo-Treviño, and Enrique G. Villarreal. "Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Acute Fulminant Myocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care 09, no. 04 (April 17, 2020): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709499.

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AbstractFulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening fast progressive condition. We present a 7-year-old female patient admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocarditis with a rapidly progressive cardiac dysfunction despite conventional vasoactive and inotropic treatment. The patient presented with ventricular fibrillation and subsequent cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed during 105 minutes before extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulation was performed. Effective hemodynamic function was obtained, and ECMO was weaned after 7 days, without neurological complications. There are not established extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) treatment criteria, and some international guidelines consider up to 100 minutes of “low flow” phase as a time limit to start the support. Some mortality risk factors for ECMO treatment mortality are female gender, renal failure, and arrhythmias. Pre-ECMO good prognostic factors are high levels of pH and blood lactate.

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Hu, Parker J., Lauren Griswold, Lauren Raff, Rachel Rodriguez, Gerald McGwin Jr, Jeffrey David Kerby, and Patrick Bosarge. "National estimates of the use and outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after acute trauma." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 4, no. 1 (February 2019): e000209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2018-000209.

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BackgroundThe use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as salvage therapy for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome is gaining greater acceptance among trauma intensivists. The objective of this study was to review ECMO usage in trauma patients in the USA.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from years 2002 to 2012 was queried for patients aged 15 and older treated with ECMO who had one or more acute traumatic injuries as defined by the International Diagnostic Codes, Ninth Edition (ICD-9). The primary outcomes of interest were incidence of ECMO and overall inpatient mortality.ResultsA total of 1347 patients were identified in the NIS database who had both ECMO performed and ICD-9 codes consistent with trauma. Patients were predominantly aged 15 to 29 years (31.4%) and were male (65.5%). The incidence of ECMO for patients after traumatic injuries has increased 66-fold during the 10-year period. In-hospital mortality was 48.0% overall, with a decreasing trend during the study period that approached statistical significance (p=0.06).DiscussionAlthough ECMO use in patients in the post-trauma setting remains controversial, there is an increasing trend to use ECMO nationwide, suggesting an increasing acceptance and/or increased availability at trauma centers. Given the decrease in mortality during the study period, ECMO as a salvage method in trauma patients remains a potentially viable option. Evaluation in a prospective manner may clarify risks and benefits.Level of evidenceLevel IV, epidemiological.

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22

Slivensky, Susanna. "The European Centre for Modern Languages: Recent projects." Language Teaching 41, no. 3 (July 2008): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444808005090.

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The hallmark of the Council of Europe's European Centre for Modern Languages (ECML) is the organisation of international language education projects within four-year programmes. Coordinated by European teams, these projects primarily target language experts involved in national and international developments, in associations and in institutions working to enhance standards in language education.

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Buchholz, Wolfgang, Richard Cornes, and Dirk Rübbelke. "Potentially Harmful International Cooperation on Global Public Good Provision." Economica 81, no. 322 (January 30, 2014): 205–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12074.

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Austin, D. E., B. Burns, D. Lowe, B. Cartwright, A. Clarke, M. Dennis, M. D'Souza, et al. "Retrieval of Critically Ill Adults Using Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Nine-Year Experience in New South Wales." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 46, no. 6 (November 2018): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x1804600608.

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In New South Wales, a coordinated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) retrieval program has been in operation since 2007. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of patients transported by this service. We performed a retrospective observational study and included patients who were transported on ECMO to either of two adult tertiary referral hospitals in Sydney, New South Wales, between February 28, 2007 and February 29, 2016. One hundred and sixty-four ECMO-facilitated transports occurred, involving 160 patients. Of these, 118 patients (74%) were treated with veno-venous (VV) ECMO and 42 patients (26%) were treated with veno-arterial ECMO. The mean (standard deviation, SD) age was 40.4 (15.0) years. Seventy-seven transports (47%) occurred within metropolitan Sydney, 52 (32%) were from rural or regional areas within NSW, 17 (10%) were interstate transfers and 18 (11%) were international transfers. Transfers were by road (58%), fixed wing aircraft (27%) or helicopter (15%). No deaths occurred during transport. The median (interquartile range) duration of ECMO treatment was 8.9 (5.2–15.3) days. One hundred and nineteen patients (74%) were successfully weaned from ECMO and 109 (68%) survived to hospital discharge or transfer. In patients treated with VV ECMO, age, sequential organ failure assessment score, pre-existing immunosuppressive disease, pre-existing diabetes, renal failure requiring dialysis and failed prone positioning prior to ECMO were independently associated with increased mortality. ECMO-facilitated patient transport is feasible, safe, and results in acceptable short-term outcomes. The NSW ECMO Retrieval Service provides specialised support to patients with severe respiratory and cardiovascular illness, who may otherwise be too unstable to undergo inter-hospital transfer to access advanced cardiovascular and critical care services.

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Poller, Leon, Saied Ibrahim, Albert Pattison, and Jørgen Jespersen. "INR derivation with the PT/INR Line simplified using a spreadsheet from the world wide web." Journal of Clinical Pathology 64, no. 10 (April 22, 2011): 930–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200068.

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BackgroundThe prothrombin time/international normalised ratio (PT/INR) Line method to derive INR, based on only five European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) certified plasmas, is shown to be reliable in previous ECAA studies. A simpler method not requiring linear regression calculation would be an advantage.MethodAfter determining the local PT/INR Line, local INRs have been obtained using a readily available spreadsheet on the internet which laboratories can use without performing any additional calculations.ResultsExamples of INR derivation have been obtained from results at 16 centres using a range of local coagulometers with human thromboplastin international reference preparations (IRPs). The procedure does not require manual PT testing, local international sensitivity index calibration, availability of thromboplastin IRPs or local mean normal prothrombin time.ConclusionsFrom the PT/INR Line, INR values for local PT results are easily obtained using an Excel spreadsheet from our website (http://www.anticoagulants.co.uk/) which does not require the complex linear regression analysis to derive INR.

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Rush, Barret, Katie Wiskar, Landon Berger, and Donald Griesdale. "Trends in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the United States." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 32, no. 9 (February 17, 2016): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885066616631956.

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Objectives: Our aim was to describe patient characteristics and trends in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the United States from 2006 to 2011. Methods: We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to isolate all patients aged 18 years who had a discharge International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of ARDS, with and without procedure codes for ECMO, between 2006 and 2011. Results: We examined a total of 47 911 414 hospital discharges, representing 235 911 271 hospitalizations using national weights. Of the 1 479 022 patients meeting the definition of ARDS (representing 7 281 206 discharges), 775 underwent ECMO. There was a 409% relative increase in the use of ECMO for ARDS in the United States between 2006 and 2011, from 0.0178% to 0.090% ( P = .0041). Patients treated with ECMO had higher in-hospital mortality (58.6% vs 25.1%, P < .0001) and longer hospital stays (15.8 days vs 6.9 days, P < .0001). They were also younger (47.9 vs 66.4 years, P < .0001) and more likely to be male (62.2% vs 49.6%, P < .0001). The median time to initiate ECMO from the time of admission was 0.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 4.9 days). Conclusion: There has been a dramatic increase in ECMO use for the treatment of ARDS in the United States.

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Li, Guanghua, Chuan Chen, Guomin Zhang, and Igor Martek. "Bid/no-bid decision factors for Chinese international contractors in international construction projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 7 (November 15, 2019): 1619–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2018-0526.

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Purpose Factors affecting bid/no-bid decisions of international projects are more complex than those of domestic projects. The purpose of this paper is to identify and rank decision factors considered by variously sized Chinese international contractors (CICs) and categorize those groups of factors important to experienced practitioners. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of factors identified by a literature review is conducted based on data derived from questionnaire results received from 119 CIC project and bidding managers. The relative importance of factors is measured by mean value and standard deviation. The discrepancy in rank and importance value perceived by variously sized CICs are explored by ranking disparity analysis, non-parametric test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test. Finally, factor analysis is used to categorize the underlying groups of factors considered by CICs. Findings In sum, 41 factors are identified through the literature review as having an impact on the bid decision. Significant disparities in ranking and importance are found in several factors, which partially affect the consistency of the ranking of factors perceived between large and small-medium CICs. Ultimately, nine major factors are identified as impacting the bidding decision, with “contractor’s capability” and “country risk of the host country,” being the most important. Research limitations/implications The weight of a factor considered in a decision varies across contractors as a function of contractor size. Whether using models or subjective judgment in making decisions, it is beneficial to fully understand the main groups of factors influencing the decision. Vulnerability to country risk emerges as the first criterion accessed in the bid decision. Originality/value A comprehensive set of factors is established for CICs, including both general factors common to domestic projects, and international factors unique to international projects. All factors are grouped by inferential analysis from the perspective of contractors, which reveals the underlying mechanism of the bid decision-making process. While the data were collected from CICs, the methodology in exploring factors, along with implications, is determined to be applicable internationally.

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Arespa, Marta, and Diego Gruber. "Product Quality and International Price Dynamics over the Business Cycle." Economica 88, no. 352 (June 16, 2021): 1054–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12380.

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Kinaschuk, Katie, Sabin J. Bozso, Kieran Halloran, Ali Kapasi, Kathy Jackson, and Jayan Nagendran. "Mechanical Circulatory Support as a Bridge to Lung Transplantation: A Single Canadian Institution Review." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5947978.

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Background. Lung transplant (LTx) waitlists continue to grow internationally. Consequently, more patients are progressing to require mechanical circulatory support (MCS) as a bridge to transplantation (BTT). MCS strategies include interventional lung assist (iLA) and venovenous (VV) and venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We review our series of patients bridged with MCS while listed for LTx. Methods. All consecutive patients, listed for LTx requiring MCS as a BTT at the University of Alberta from 2004 to 2015, were included. Patient demographics and outcomes were compared for the 3 groups (iLA, VV-ECMO, and VA-ECMO). Results. Of the 24 patients supported with MCS devices, 17 were successfully transplanted and 7 died waiting. In total, 25% (n=6) were bridged with VA-ECMO, 54% (n=13) with VV-ECMO, and 21% (n=5) with iLA. Overall, 71% of patients were bridged successfully to LTx. The 1-year survival posttransplantation was 88%. Conclusion. We have demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing the MCS modalities of VA-ECMO, VV-ECMO, and most recently iLA, as a BTT. MCS is a viable strategy for BTT, offering improved survival outcomes for decompensating adult patients awaiting LTx, resulting in excellent survival posttransplantation.

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Fleming, Geoffrey M., David J. Askenazi, Brian C. Bridges, David S. Cooper, Mathew L. Paden, David T. Selewski, and Michael Zappitelli. "A Multicenter International Survey of Renal Supportive Therapy During ECMO." ASAIO Journal 58, no. 4 (2012): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mat.0b013e3182579218.

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Schroyen, Fred, and Karl Ove Aarbu. "Attitudes Towards Large Income Risk in Welfare States: An International Comparison." Economica 85, no. 340 (March 25, 2018): 846–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12267.

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Poller, Leon, Saied Ibrahim, Michelle Keown, Albert Pattison, and Jørgen Jespersen. "Simplified Method for International Normalized Ratio (INR) Derivation Based on the Prothrombin Time/INR Line: An International Study." Clinical Chemistry 56, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1608–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.141937.

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BACKGROUND The need to perform local International Sensitivity Index (ISI) calibrations and in particular the requirement for a manual method for prothrombin time (PT) determination, have proved to be obstacles to application of the WHO scheme for PT standardization. METHODS We used international normalized ratio (INR) derived with a set of only 5 European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) lyophilized calibrant plasmas, certified manually by expert centers with reference thromboplastins, to determine a local PT/INR Line. We compared results of an independent set of validation plasmas with INRs from conventional ISI calibrations and with manually certified INRs. RESULTS The mean certified INR of 5 lyophilized validation plasmas was 2.41 with human thromboplastin, 2.04 with bovine/combined, and 2.80 with rabbit. With 42 human reagents, the mean observed INR of the validation plasmas was 2.68 (11.2% deviation from certified INR). Deviation was reduced to 0.4% with both local ISI calibration and the PT/INR Line. Eight results based on bovine/combined thromboplastin gave an INR deviation of 4.9%, becoming 0.5% after ISI calibration and 2.4% with the PT/INR Line. Six results with rabbit reagents deviated from certified INR by 2.5%. After ISI calibration, deviation became 1.1%, and with the PT/INR Line, 0.7%. The PT/INR Line gave similar results with both linear and orthogonal regression analysis. The total proportion of validation plasmas giving INR within 10% deviation from certified values was 42.5% with uncorrected INR, which increased to 92.1% with local ISI calibration and 93.2% with the PT/INR Line. CONCLUSIONS The PT/INR Line procedure with 5 ECAA calibrant plasmas successfully substitutes for local ISI calibrations in deriving reliable INRs.

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Kim, Jong Yeol, and Duong Duc Pham. "Understanding Oriental Medicine Using a Systems Approach." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep037.

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Two international meetings, the International Physiome Symposium 2008 and the Workshop on Systems Biology (SB) and Oriental Medicine (OM), were held to discuss the most appropriate scientific tools to research OM. Participants agreed that since OM is holistic medicine it needs a systems approach such as SB. However, SB itself is still a long way from identifying the high-level organization processes in the biological system that might correlate with concepts in OM. As such, a modest goal of launching a project to examine the problems of translation and interpretation of OM concepts would be the first step.

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Ito, Asami, Yoshiaki Iwashita, Ryo Esumi, Ken Sasaki, Masahiro Yukimitsu, Takafumi Kato, Eiji Kawamoto, Kei Suzuki, and Hiroshi Imai. "Acquired factor XIII deficiency in two patients with bleeding events during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment." Journal of Artificial Organs 23, no. 3 (December 13, 2019): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10047-019-01148-w.

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AbstractWe report two cases of acquired factor XIII deficiency with bleeding events during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Case 1: A 76-year-old man diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia after near-drowning was started on ECMO. Later, the patient presented with hemoptysis and anemia. Blood tests showed a decreased factor XIII activity of 29%. Although the patient recovered after receiving 1200 International Units of factor XIII concentrate, the patient had another episode of decreased factor XIII activity and bloody stool and was treated again with factor XIII concentrate. Case 2: A 48-year-old female diagnosed with pneumonia was started on ECMO. Soon after, she presented with hemoptysis and anemia. Blood tests showed a decreased factor XIII activity of 39%. The patient was treated with 720 IU of factor XIII concentrate with good recovery. Acquired factor XIII deficiency cannot be detected by routine coagulation tests, therefore it may be under-diagnosed in the ICU. Detection of acquired factor XIII deficiency is essential when treating a bleeding ECMO patient.

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Meireles, Daniel, Francisco Abecasis, Leonor Boto, Cristina Camilo, Miguel Abecasis, José Pedro Neves, Zélia Cristo Soares, and Marisa Vieira. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The First 10 Years Experience of a Portuguese Pediatric Intensive Care Unit." Acta Médica Portuguesa 34, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.15227.

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Introduction: In Portugal, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in pediatric patients since 2010. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of patients, indications, complications and mortality associated with the use of ECMO during the first 10-years of experience in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit located in Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte.Material and Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study of all patients supported with ECMO in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, from the 1st of May 2010 up to 31st December 2019.Results: Sixty-five patients were included: 37 neonatal (≤ 28 days of age) and 28 pediatric patients (> 28 days). In neonatal cases, congenital diaphragmatic hernia was the main reason for ECMO (40% of neonatal patients and 23% of total). Among pediatric patients, respiratory distress was the leading indication for ECMO (47% of total). The median length of ECMO support was 12 days. Clinical complications were more frequent than mechanical complications (65% vs 35%). Among clinical complications, access site bleeding was the most prevalent with 38% of cases. The overall patient survival was 68% at the time of discharge (65% for neonatal and 71% for pediatric cases), while the overall survival rate in Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry was 61%. The number of ECMO runs has been increasing since 2011, even though in a non-linear way (three cases in 2010 to 11 cases in 2019).Discussion: In the first 10 years we received patients from all over the country. Despite continuous technological developments, circuitrelated complications have a significant impact. The overall survival rate in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit was not inferior to the one reported by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization.Conclusion: The overall survival of our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit is not inferior to one reported by other international centers. Our experience showed the efficacy of the ECMO technique in a Portuguese centre.

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Campoy, José Antonio, and Antonio Muro. "Closing of the First International Congress on Complementary and Alternative Treatments in Cancer." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2, no. 3 (2005): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh112.

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Usichenko, Taras I., and Agatha Colbert. "Acupuncture Powered by Energy Techniques–22nd International Symposium on Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4, no. 3 (2007): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nem023.

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Takenaka, Satoshi, Nobuhito Araki, Takafumi Ueda, Shigeki Kakunaga, Yoshinori Imura, Ken-Ichiro Hamada, Hidetatsu Outani, Norifumi Naka, Akira Myoui, and Hideki Yoshikawa. "Clinical Outcomes of Osteoarticular Extracorporeal Irradiated Autograft for Malignant Bone Tumor." Sarcoma 2020 (March 30, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9672093.

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Background and Objectives. Osteoarticular extracorporeal irradiated autograft is an alternative operation technique to prosthetic devices or allografts for reconstruction after resection of bone malignancies. The aim of this study is to assess the complications, radiographic changes, and functional outcomes of osteoarticular ECIA. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed 33 patients who underwent osteoarticular ECIA after bone tumor resection from 1988 to 2014. We investigated complications, radiographic changes by the International Society of Limb Salvage graft evaluation criteria, and functional outcomes according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scoring system. Results. Fifteen patients were reoperated upon due to infection (n = 9), protruding fixation implant (n = 4), or fracture of the grafted bone (n = 2). The average radiographic evaluation score was 66.4%, and the median functional score was 23 (77%). The radiographic score for the proximal humerus or proximal tibia was lower than that for the other locations. The functional score was not different among the autograft sites but was related to the radiographic score. Conclusion. Although osteoarticular ECIA is one of the reasonable surgical options for patients with tumors for which reliable prostheses are not available, we do not recommend osteoarticular ECIA as a routine procedure because of high complication rate.

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Blanchard, Olivier (Olivier J. )., Francesco Giavazzi, and Filipa Sa. "International Investors, the U.S. Current Account, and the Dollar." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2005, no. 1 (2005): 1–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eca.2005.0010.

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Rodrigues, José Cláudio Ramos. "A educação ambiental nas escolas de Santa Catarina." Ambiente & Educação 23, no. 1 (July 11, 2018): 140–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/ambeduc.v23i1.6703.

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O presente artigo se propõe a refletir sobre a importância da educação ambiental e sua emergência nos níveis internacional e nacional discutindo, especialmente, os contextos e as principais políticas públicas que foram responsáveis pela consolidação e a institucionalização da educação ambiental em Santa Catarina. Apresenta ainda, um panorama e uma breve análise da educação ambiental praticada nas escolas de Santa Catarina, a partir das informações obtidas na pesquisa realizada pelo MEC intitulada “O que Fazem as Escolas que Dizem que Fazem Educação Ambiental?” realizada em 2006 e publicada em 2007 e os registros do I, II e III Encontro Catarinense de Educação Ambiental – ECEA, ocorridos nos anos de 2011, 2012 e 2014, respectivamente. The Environmental Education in the Schools of Santa Catarina This article aims to reflect on the importance of environmental education and its emergence on the international and national levels. It discusses especially the contexts and the main public policies that were responsible for the consolidation and institutionalization of environmental education in Santa Catarina. Also it presents an overview and a brief analysis of environmental education practiced in the schools of Santa Catarina, from the information obtained in the survey conducted by MEC entitled "What do the schools that say they do environmental education?", held in 2006 and published in 2007, also the records of the I, II and III of Santa Catarina Meeting of Environmental Education – ECAA, which occurred in 2011, 2012 and 2014, respectively. Keywords: Environmental Education. Santa Catarina. School.

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Greene, Zachary D., and Amanda A. Licht. "Domestic Politics and Changes in Foreign Aid Allocation: The Role of Party Preferences." Political Research Quarterly 71, no. 2 (October 31, 2017): 284–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912917735176.

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Resources for foreign aid come under attack when parties that care little for international affairs come to power. Internationally focused parties of the left and right, however, prefer to use aid as a tool to pursue their foreign policy goals. Yet varying goals based on left–right ideology differentiate the way donors use foreign aid. We leverage sector aid to test hypotheses from our Partisan Theory of Aid Allocation and find support for the idea that domestic political preferences affect foreign aid behavior. Left-internationalist governments increase disaster aid, while parochial counterparts cut spending on budget assistance and aid that bolsters recipients’ trade viability. Conservative governments favor trade-boosting aid. We find consistent, nuanced, evidence for our perspective from a series of Error Correction Models (ECMs) and extensive robustness checks. By connecting theories of foreign aid to domestic politics, our approach links prominent, but often disconnected, fields of political research and raises important questions for policymakers interested in furthering the efficacy of development aid.

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Madurka, Ildikó, Tibor Bartók, Krisztina Kormosói-Tóth, Nóra Schönauer, Jenő Elek, and Ilona Bobek. "Sikeres extracorporalis membránoxigenizációs (ECMO-) kezelés Legionella-pneumoniában." Orvosi Hetilap 160, no. 6 (February 2019): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2019.31285.

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Abstract: The mortality of severe ARDS is almost 60%. Ventilation-associated lung-injury can be avoided by low-pressure, low-volume ventilation. Potential use of ECMO in case of refractory hypoxemia beside modern ventilatory therapy can be considered. Increasing numbers of respiratory ECMO runs are seen worldwide, though the efficacy remains controversial. The authors present the first successful venovenous-ECMO treatment in severe ARDS in our Institute. We report the case of a 67-year-old male who was admitted with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Legionella. Despite empirical and later targeted antibiotic therapy, severe ARDS with sepsis evolved. Neither ventilation nor prone position resulted in permanent improvement in oxygenation. The patient was referred to our Institute for extracorporeal life support (ECLS) therapy. On admission, blood gas showed severe hypoxemia with mild hypercapnia (PaO2/FiO2: 60, pCO2: 53 mmHg at PEEP: 14 mmHg, PIP: 45 mmHg). X-ray showed bilateral patchy infiltrates while cardiac impairment (EF: 45%) and dilated right ventricle were seen on echocardiography. Elevated pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP: 41 mmHg) was measured. After implantation of femoral-jugular VV ECMO, oxygen saturation was appropriate with lung protective ventilation (FiO2: 0.5, TV: 3–4 ml/kg). Improving lung function enabled us to stop ECMO after 8 days and further 5 days later the patient was weaned off ventilation. After 21 days of intensive care we discharged him to the referral hospital. By reporting this case we emphasise the potential role of respiratory ECMO. Consideration should be given to increase the contingent of this modality in the Hungarian intensive care in accordance with international practice. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(6): 235–240.

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Schrage, Benedikt, Peter Moritz Becher, Alexander Bernhardt, Hiram Bezerra, Stefan Blankenberg, Stefan Brunner, Pascal Colson, et al. "Left Ventricular Unloading Is Associated With Lower Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Treated With Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation." Circulation 142, no. 22 (December 2020): 2095–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.048792.

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Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is increasingly used to treat cardiogenic shock. However, VA-ECMO might hamper myocardial recovery. The Impella unloads the left ventricle. This study aimed to evaluate whether left ventricular unloading in patients with cardiogenic shock treated with VA-ECMO was associated with lower mortality. Methods: Data from 686 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock treated with VA-ECMO with or without left ventricular unloading using an Impella at 16 tertiary care centers in 4 countries were collected. The association between left ventricular unloading and 30-day mortality was assessed by Cox regression models in a 1:1 propensity score–matched cohort. Results: Left ventricular unloading was used in 337 of the 686 patients (49%). After matching, 255 patients with left ventricular unloading were compared with 255 patients without left ventricular unloading. In the matched cohort, left ventricular unloading was associated with lower 30-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.63–0.98]; P =0.03) without differences in various subgroups. Complications occurred more frequently in patients with left ventricular unloading: severe bleeding in 98 (38.4%) versus 45 (17.9%), access site–related ischemia in 55 (21.6%) versus 31 (12.3%), abdominal compartment in 23 (9.4%) versus 9 (3.7%), and renal replacement therapy in 148 (58.5%) versus 99 (39.1%). Conclusions: In this international, multicenter cohort study, left ventricular unloading was associated with lower mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock treated with VA-ECMO, despite higher complication rates. These findings support use of left ventricular unloading in patients with cardiogenic shock treated with VA-ECMO and call for further validation, ideally in a randomized, controlled trial.

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Viswanathan, Satish Kumar, and Kumar Neeraj Jha. "Critical risk factors in international construction projects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 5 (January 6, 2020): 1169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-04-2019-0220.

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Purpose International construction projects encompass various risks, and it is essential to evaluate and manage them to achieve project and firms’ success. As approaches to addressing international market risks vary from one country to another, the purpose of this paper is to identify the critical risk factors of embarking on international construction projects according to Indian experiences. Design/methodology/approach After primarily verifying the identified 26 risk variables, a questionnaire survey was conducted to draw upon the views of experts who possess international project experience. The 105 responses were analyzed using univariate and multivariate techniques. An analysis of variance identified the significant variables that influence overall performance on international construction projects, which were then grouped according to underlying relationships using factor analysis to determine the specific risk factors. Furthermore, considering these risk factors as independent variables and overall project performance as a dependent variable, a stepwise regression analysis was carried out to identify relatively critical risk factors. Findings The results revealed that of the identified four risk factors, the project-specific risk factor emerged as the foremost critical risk factor, the economic and market-specific risk factor was the second most critical risk factor, the firm-specific risk factor was the third most critical risk factor and the political-specific risk factor was the least critical risk factor. These findings were also validated appropriately. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to the data acquired from Indian construction firms, predominantly consultants and contractors. Though the survey respondents possessed adequate familiarity in international construction, commonly perceived limitations in self-reported surveys such as the lack of conscientious responses and reporting bias were not an exception in this research. Practical implications The risk factors and their criticality – as identified in this study – can aid the multinational firms and international aspirants to prioritize the critical aspects and develop a suitable risk mitigation strategy to achieve greater project success in international market. Originality/value By investigating the various risk factors that influence overall performance of international construction projects, this research considerably contributes to the body of knowledge pertaining to international construction risk management that will enable firms from India and similar developing nations to emphasize on critical risk factors.

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Kováč, Eugen, and Krešimir Žigić. "International Competition in Vertically Differentiated Markets with Innovation and Imitation: Trade Policy Versus Free Trade." Economica 81, no. 323 (April 25, 2014): 491–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12093.

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Madsen, Jakob B., and Minoo Farhadi. "International Technology Spillovers and Growth over the Past 142 Years: The Role of Genetic Proximity." Economica 85, no. 338 (June 21, 2016): 329–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecca.12202.

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Charalambidou, Christina. "‘Young children’s musical journeys’, 18th Pre-Conference International Seminar, Early Childhood Music Education (ECME) Commission International Seminar." International Journal of Music in Early Childhood 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijmec.14.1.127_5.

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Reznik, O. N., A. E. Skvortsov, V. S. Daineko, I. V. Loginov, A. A. Kutenkov, S. S. Komedev, V. M. Teplov, et al. "First Russian experience in liver and kidney transplantation from donors with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 3 years’ results." Russian Journal of Transplantology and Artificial Organs 23, no. 3 (September 16, 2021): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15825/1995-1191-2021-3-35-49.

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Introduction. In megacities, the use of organs obtained from those who died as a result of sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for transplantation is one of the promising ways of addressing the problem of organ donor shortage. In St. Petersburg, the model of transition from life support via extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) of patients after OHCA to ECMO life support for organs of potential donors was tested for the first time.Materials and methods. In order to implement the program, round-the-clock ECMO and transplantation teams were organized at the inpatient emergency ward of Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University. Interaction with the St. Petersburg City Emergency Station, St. Petersburg was established. The protocol of work with potential donors brought to the hospital after a sudden circulatory arrest was developed, approved by the ethics committee, and implemented in clinical practice. This was the first in Russia and in international practice. Between 2017 and 2020, 67 patients with sudden OHCA were brought to the inpatient emergency ward. In 4 (5.97%) cases, advanced cardiovascular life support was successful, and 11 (16.42%) patients became effective donors. Mortality among this group of patients without subsequent postmortem donation was 77.61% (52 patients).Results. Liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) whose blood circulation was restored by ECMO (ECMO NHBD) was performed in 5 recipients who were in severe condition against the background of liver failure. In 1 (20%) case, there was severe liver allograft dysfunction for 33 days with subsequent complete restoration of function. Kidney transplantation was performed in 22 patients. Immediate graft function occurred in 10 (45.45%), while delayed function occurred in 12 (54.55%) patients. Kidney graft survival was 86.4%, kidney graft recipient survival was 95.5%, liver graft recipient survival was 80%, and the follow-up period was 24.1 ± 7.15 months.Conclusion. The use of ECMO to save the lives of patients with sudden OHCA can be implemented in conditions of a high degree of organization and synchronization of the work of the city emergency medical station and the emergency department of a multidisciplinary hospital. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation with ECMO (ECMO CPR) fails, it is possible to launch the ECMO NHBD donor program. Long-term outcomes of liver and kidney transplantation from ECMO NHBD are consistent with those using organs from brain-dead donors. Widespread implementation of the new organ donation model will increase the availability of transplant care.

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Geel, C., S. Nolte, and E. M. Bordy. "Geomechanical properties of the Permian black shales in the southern main Karoo Basin: lessons from compositional and petrophysical studies." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 735–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0026.

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Abstract Permian black shales from the lower Ecca Group of the southern main Karoo Basin (MKB) have a total organic carbon (TOC) of up to ~5 wt% and have been considered primary targets for a potential shale gas exploration in South Africa. This study investigates the influence of shale composition, porosity, pressure (P) and temperatures (T) on their geomechanical properties such as compressive strength and elastic moduli. On average, these lower Ecca Group shales contain a high proportion, ~50 to 70 vol%, of mechanically strong minerals (e.g., quartz, feldspar, pyrite), ~30 to 50 vol% of weak minerals (e.g., clay minerals, organic matter) and ~0 to 50 vol% of intermediate minerals (e.g., carbonates), which have highly variable mechanical strength. Constant strain rate, triaxial deformation tests (at T ≤100°C; P ≤50 MPa) were performed using a Paterson-type high pressure instrument. Results showed that the Prince Albert Formation is the strongest and most brittle unit in the lower Ecca Group in the southern MKB followed by the Collingham and then the Whitehill Formation. Compressive strength and Young’s moduli (E) increase with increasing hard mineral content and decrease with increasing mechanically weak minerals and porosity. On comparison with some international shales, for which compositional and geomechanical data were measured using similar techniques, the lower Ecca Group shales are found to be geomechanically stronger and more brittle. This research provides the foundation for future geomechanical and petrophysical investigations of these Permian Ecca black shales and their assessment as potential unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the MKB.

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Wong, J. Y., A. R. Glanville, G. P. Westall, S. B. Goldfarb, M. Griese, B. Rottier, M. Budev, J. Balcells-Ramirez, and N. Schwerk. "International Experience in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Bridge to Lung Transplantation." Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 34, no. 4 (April 2015): S104—S105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.278.

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