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Journal articles on the topic 'ECO- FRIENDLY REACTION MEDIA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lusiana, Retno Ariadi, Rahmad Nuryanto, Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya, Resa Putri Sherina, and Dilla Dayanti. "Eco-Friendly Chitosan-Based Biodiesel Heterogeneous Catalyst Support Membrane." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 26, no. 2 (2023): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.2.39-49.

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A chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (Cs-PVP.K30) membrane was prepared as a heterogeneous catalyst supporting membrane in the transesterification process in the production of biodiesel from palm oil and methanol through the blend reaction between chitosan (Cs) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 polymer (PVP K-30). Several membranes were characterized by their physicochemical and catalytic properties. Based on physicochemical data, it was found that including the carbonyl group from PVP K-30 into the chitosan framework correlated with an increase in porosity, hydrophilicity, water absorption, and

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Yadav, J. S., and H. M. Meshram. "Green twist to an old theme. An eco-friendly approach." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 1 (2001): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173010199.

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Owing to present environmental awareness, attempts are being made toward the evolution of environmentally benign processes using solid-supported reagents and microwave-assisted reactions. A newly developed, nonmetallic oxidative reagent, "clayan", has been exploited for various reactions such as deprotection, oxidation, oxidative coupling, and nitration and bromination of activated and deactivated arenes. In another green chemistry endeavor, reactions such as reduction and cyclization have been successfully carried out in dry media under microwave irradiation. The nonsolvent reaction, experime

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3

Eshetu, Gebrekidan Gebresilassie, Michel Armand, Hiroyuki Ohno, Bruno Scrosati, and Stefano Passerini. "Ionic liquids as tailored media for the synthesis and processing of energy conversion materials." Energy & Environmental Science 9, no. 1 (2016): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02284c.

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4

Radatz, Cátia Schwartz, Liliana do Amaral Soares, Estéfano Roberto Vieira, Diego Alves, Dennis Russowsky, and Paulo Henrique Schneider. "Recoverable Cu/SiO2 composite-catalysed click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles in water media." New J. Chem. 38, no. 4 (2014): 1410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nj01167d.

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5

Shim, Jae Ho, Seok Hyun Cheun, Hyeon Soo Kim, and Deok-Chan Ha. "Enantioselective Organocatalyzed Michael Addition of Isobutyraldehyde to Maleimides in Aqueous Media." Molecules 27, no. 9 (2022): 2759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092759.

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Thiourea was introduced into (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine as an organocatalyst to promote the reaction between isobutyraldehydes and maleimides. Enantioselective Michael addition reaction was carried out as an eco-friendly method using water as the solvent. As a result of the reaction between isobutyraldehyde and maleimide, ≥97% yield and 99% enantioselectivity were obtained at a low catalyst loading of 0.01 mol%. The solvent effect can be explained by theoretical calculations that indicate the participation of a transition state, in which the CF3 substituent of the catalyst is a hydrogen

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Shim, Jae Ho, Seok Hyun Cheun, Hyeon Soo Kim, and Deok-Chan Ha. "Enantioselective Organocatalyzed Michael Addition of Isobutyraldehyde to Maleimides in Aqueous Media." Molecules 27, no. 9 (2022): 2759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092759.

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Thiourea was introduced into (R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine as an organocatalyst to promote the reaction between isobutyraldehydes and maleimides. Enantioselective Michael addition reaction was carried out as an eco-friendly method using water as the solvent. As a result of the reaction between isobutyraldehyde and maleimide, ≥97% yield and 99% enantioselectivity were obtained at a low catalyst loading of 0.01 mol%. The solvent effect can be explained by theoretical calculations that indicate the participation of a transition state, in which the CF3 substituent of the catalyst is a hydrogen

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7

Bhatt, Nikita, Smriti, Richa Khare, and Monika Kamboj. "Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction in Various Green Media." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 9 (2021): 1976–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.22584.

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Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction is an efficient and utilized method for the direct formation of carbon-carbon bonds. The effectiveness and efficiency of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and its applications have been the topic of interest for synthetic chemists for the last few decades. Green chemistry is the area where we use eco-friendly products. Suzuki coupling includes palladium or nickel catalyzed coupling reaction, which involves ester of boric acids or simply boric acids with the organic halides or pseudohalide. In recent years, these catalytic systems have been developed

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8

Gao, Li Ya, Xue Jun Tan, Wei Xue, Dong Sheng Zhang, Xin Qiang Zhao, and Yan Ji Wang. "An Eco-Friendly Catalytic Route for One-Pot Synthesis of Phenols from Aromatics and Hydroxylamine." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.163.

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A series of ionic liquids were used as a co-solvent in the reaction of one-pot synthesis of phenols from aromatics and hydroxylamine. Then an eco-friendly catalytic system, i.e., [HSO3-bmi [CF3SO3]-H2O-HAc media with (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O catalyst, was designed for the reaction. The results showed that aromatics were successfully hydroxylated to give the corresponding phenols. Recycling experiments suggested that the catalytic system was stable enough to be recycled.

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Rehman, Khalil ur, Shaista Airam, Long Song, et al. "MnS-Nanoparticles-Decorated Three-Dimensional Graphene Hybrid as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Catalysts 10, no. 10 (2020): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10101141.

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The search for renewable energy resources has attracted considerable research interests in electrochemical reactions of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that are essential for fuel cells. Earth-abundant, eco-friendly and cost-effective transition metal compounds are emerging candidates as electrocatalysts in these reactions. Herein, we report the growth of manganese sulfide nanoparticles on three-dimensional graphene, through an easy, progressive successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method, where manganese sulfide nanoparticles (MnS-NPs),

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10

Mohammadi, Seddigheh, Dadkhoda Ghazanfari, and Zahed Karimi-Jaberi. "An Efficient, Potassium Carbonate-Catalysed, Three-Component Reaction of Aldehydes, Malononitrile and Amidines Leading to Highly Functionalized Pyrimidines in Aqueous Media." Letters in Organic Chemistry 17, no. 4 (2020): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178616666190401190207.

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Various 4-amino-5-cyanopyrimidines were readily prepared in a few minutes with good yields through a one-pot, three-component reaction of aldehydes, malononitrile and amidines in aqueous media in the presence of catalytic amounts of potassium carbonate. Short reaction times, high efficiency, generality of the method, synthesis of new derivatives, inexpensiveness, and non-toxicity of the catalyst/solvent are the interesting features of this method, which make it eco-friendly and highly attractive.

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Naeimi, Hossein, та Vajihe Nejadshafiee. "Efficient one-pot click synthesis of β-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazoles catalyzed by copper(i)@phosphorated SiO2via multicomponent reaction in aqueous media". New J. Chem. 38, № 11 (2014): 5429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj00909f.

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12

Ambhore, Ajay N. "Eco-friendly Synthesis of Some New Benzylidene-iminothiazolyl-pyrazol-3-ol Derivatives via One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities." Asian Journal of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry 6, no. 4 (2021): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajomc.2021.ajomc-p348.

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In present work, one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) route for the synthesis of benzylideneiminothiazolyl- pyrazol-3-ol derivatives (5a-p) by reacting ethyl cyanoacetate (1), substituted benzaldehyde (2a-c), thiosemicarbazide (3) and substituted phenacyl bromide (4a-g). This reaction proceeds by using bleaching earth clay (BEC) (pH 12.5) in PEG-400 as a green reaction media. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral data. The pharmacological investigation of the synthesized compounds suggest that most of them showed good antioxidant activity.

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Jelali, Hamida, A. Chakchouk-Mtibaa, Lasaad Baklouti, et al. "Development of New Multicomponent Reactions in Eco-Friendly Media-Greener Reaction and Expeditious Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Benzylpyranocoumarins." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (August 21, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8693614.

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Multicomponent cyclocondensation of hydrazine derivatives, ethyl acetoacetate, aromatic aldehydes, and 4-hydroxycoumarin has been reported. The optimization details of the developed novel protocol are recorded. The novel procedure features short reaction time, moderate yields, and simple workup. In addition, BMIM[triflate] was chosen as a green solvent. The structures of the obtained benzylpyrazolyl coumarins were determined and confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and elemental analysis. The MIC values of benzylpyrazolyl coumarin derivatives were determined by the microbroth dilution method usin

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Hooshmand, Seyyed Emad, Bahareh Heidari, Roya Sedghi, and Rajender S. Varma. "Recent advances in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using efficient catalysts in eco-friendly media." Green Chemistry 21, no. 3 (2019): 381–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc02860e.

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The ever-increasing interest in the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction (SMR) and its applications, with more than 40 years of history, has increased exponentially in the last decade, which speaks volumes about its efficiency and effectiveness; recent improvements in terms of efficient catalysts in benign media are highlighted.

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15

Polshettiwar, Vivek, Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda, and Rajender S. Varma. "Microwave-Assisted Chemistry: a Rapid and Sustainable Route to Synthesis of Organics and Nanomaterials." Australian Journal of Chemistry 62, no. 1 (2009): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch08404.

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The use of emerging microwave (MW)-assisted chemistry techniques in conjunction with benign reaction media is dramatically reducing chemical waste and reaction times in several organic syntheses and chemical transformations. The present review summarizes recent developments in MW-assisted synthesis, name reactions and organic transformations, and rapid generation of nanoparticles with uniform size distribution. Greener protocols have been developed for the synthesis of various bio-active heterocycles, namely 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, 1,3-dioxanes, pyrazoles, hydrazones and 3,4-dih

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16

Samani, Amir, Shahrzad Abdolmohammadi, and Asieh Otaredi-Kashani. "A Green Synthesis of Xanthenone Derivatives in Aqueous Media Using TiO2-CNTs Nanocomposite as an Eco-Friendly and Re-Usable Catalyst." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 2 (2018): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180219151705.

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Aim and Objective: The xanthene (dibenzopyran) framework constitutes the core structure of many biologically active compounds, that they have been of interest because of their pharmacological activities like antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and CCR1 antagonist. As heterogeneous catalysts offer several advantages over homogeneous catalysts, the performance of reactions on the surface of nanosized heterogeneous salts has received a great deal of interest in recent years. In the area of nanosized heterogeneous catalysts there is a noticeable range of reactions that are catalyzed effic

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17

Khandebharad, Amol, Swapnil Sarda, Pravin Kulkarni, and Brijmohan Agrawal. "Visible Light Assisted Synthesis of 5-Aryl-1,2,4-thiazolidine-3-thiones Under Catalyst-free Condition." Current Green Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2020): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213346107999200729131533.

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Abstract: Light energy can be considered as an ideal eco-friendly source of energy for green chemistry. This perspective was used to synthesize 5-aryl-1,2,4-thiazolidine-3-thiones derivative as a quick, efficient and highly improved protocol. The present method developed an energy competent and integrated technique by one-pot condensations of aromatic aldehyde and thiosemicarbazide under the catalyst-free condition in aqueous-alcoholic media. The impact of light on reaction along with mechanical stirring provided a prominent yield of the product. The mild reaction conditions, short reaction ti

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18

Kaur, Navjeet. "Ionic Liquid Promoted Eco-friendly and Efficient Synthesis of Six-membered Npolyheterocycles." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 8 (2018): 1124–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179415666180903102542.

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Background: The synthesis of N-polyheterocycles by environmentally benign method is highly attractive but challenging proposition. New strategies have been developed for the preparation of polycyclic heterocycles in the last decades. In this review article, the synthesis of nitrogen containing six-membered polycyclic heterocyclic compounds is presented with the application of ionic liquids. This contribution focuses on the literature related to the total synthesis of six-membered N-polyheterocycles. Objective: Ionic liquids not only acted as environmentally benign reaction media but also as ca

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Kamakshi, R., and Boreddy S. R. Reddy. "An Efficient, Eco-Friendly, One-Pot Protocol for the Synthesis of 2-Oxazolines Promoted by Ionic Liquid/Indium Chloride." Australian Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 7 (2006): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch06061.

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2-Oxazolines have been synthesized using a solventless ionic liquid melt in good yields at ambient temperatures. The efficiency of various Lewis acid catalysts for the same reaction has been compared. The effectiveness of different alkyl chains in the ionic liquids for the synthesis of oxazolines has been studied and a butylmethylimidazolinium chloride/indium chloride melt has been found to be the best media for promoting the reaction.

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20

Iben Ayad, A., C. Belda Marín, E. Colaco, et al. "“Water soluble” palladium nanoparticle engineering for C–C coupling, reduction and cyclization catalysis." Green Chemistry 21, no. 24 (2019): 6646–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc02546d.

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Water stable Pd-NPs prepared in an eco-friendly manner enable highly efficient catalysis of 6 organic reactions in aqueous media with quantities of Pd down to the ppm level and high turnover frequencies.

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21

Carvalho, Patrícia M., Rita C. Guedes, Maria R. Bronze, Célia M. C. Faustino, and Maria H. L. Ribeiro. "Design of a New Gemini Lipoaminoacid with Immobilized Lipases Based on an Eco-Friendly Biosynthetic Process." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020164.

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Lipoaminoacids (LAA) are an important group of biosurfactants, formed by a polar hydrophilic part (amino acid) and a hydrophobic tail (lipid). The gemini LAA structures allow the formation of a supramolecular complex with bioactive molecules, like DNA, which provides them with good transfection efficiency. Since lipases are naturally involved in lipid and protein metabolism, they are an alternative to the chemical production of LAA, offering an eco-friendly biosynthetic process option. This work aimed to design the production of novel cystine derived gemini through a bioconversion system using

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Almufarij, Rasmiah S. "Facile Formulation of New Innovative Eco-Friendly Hybrid Protective Coating for Mild Steel in Acidic Media." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 2779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032779.

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This research deals with the formulation, characterization, and evaluation of new anticorrosive protective coatings. The study objective is to protect mild carbon steel in acidic media by adherent nonporous polymeric coatings formulated from polystyrene and shrimp shells. Solid wastes of shrimp shells are dried into a fine powder and sonicated in toluene. The obtained suspension is refluxed with polystyrene. The hot-melt coatings are applied to the metal surface by the hot dipping technique. The shrimp shells improve the performance of polystyrene. These eco-friendly, low-cost anticorrosive co

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Ojha, Kasinath, Manu Sharma, Hristo Kolev, and Ashok K. Ganguli. "Reduced graphene oxide and MoP composite as highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in both acidic and alkaline media." Catalysis Science & Technology 7, no. 3 (2017): 668–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cy02406h.

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Satish Kumar, Nandigama, L. Chandrasekhara Rao, N. Jagadeesh Babu, and H. M. Meshram. "A domino green method for the rapid synthesis of novel fused isoquinoline derivatives via Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclization reactions on aqueous media and their photophysical properties." RSC Advances 5, no. 116 (2015): 95539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra15948b.

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An expedient, eco-friendly and green-protocol has been developed for the synthesis of novel 4-imino-2-aryl-4H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives via Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclisation reactions in one pot under catalyst-free conditions on aqueous media.

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BARROS, SAFIRA M., REBECCA S. ANDRADE, DEISE TORRES, et al. "ECO-FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGY FOR REACTIVE DYEING OF CATIONIZED FABRICS: PROTIC IONIC LIQUIDS AS INNOVATIVE MEDIA." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 3-4 (2022): 403–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.36.

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Because of the limitations of traditional dyeing technologies, large amounts of water and chemical additives are used in the dyeing processes, resulting in enormous quantities of polluted wastewater, which has a huge health and environmental potential impact. In the last few years, the interest in researching alternative techniques/materials for the textile industry to reduce the consumption of water used to improve dyeing quality, has considerably increased. Continuing previous research, in this paper, we present a non-aqueous dyeing procedure, testing different types of fabrics with a polyfu

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Joshi, K. A., J. M. Dhalani, H. B. Bhatt, and K. M. Kapadiya. "Synthesis of some new 6-aryl-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazoles and its anti-microbial study." Current Chemistry Letters 10, no. 4 (2021): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ccl.2021.4.003.

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New series of fused 1,2,4-triazoles, i.e., 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-6-substituted phenyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles (5a-5j) have been synthesized via a four-step procedure and using eco-friendly reaction condition at some steps of the synthesis. It was adopted by the formation of hydrazide of methyl 4-isopropylbenzoate (1) followed by reaction with CS2 in basic media to afford potassium salt, which on cyclized to our essential step, 4-amino-5-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (4). The desired adducts (5a-5j) were formed by (4) on reaction with various aromatic acids in

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Ameta, K. L., Biresh Kumar, and Nitu S. Rathore. "Microwave Induced Improved Synthesis of Some Novel Substituted 1, 3-Diarylpropenones and their Antimicrobial Activity." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 2 (2011): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/165047.

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Application of solid support, solvent free reaction condition and a dynamic microwave power system in the chemical synthesis of some novel 1, 3-diaryl-propenones has been described. A series of chalcones(3a-h)were synthesized by the condensation of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitroacetophenone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes in presence of montmorrilonite K10 as a catalyst and solid support media under microwave irradiation. The protocol offers several advantages such as simple procedure, fast reaction rate, mild reaction condition, eco-friendly and improved yield as compared to conventional m

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Thorat, Nitin M., Kiran D. Dhawale, Sandeep B. Kasar, Manali S. Thopate, Limbraj R. Patil, and Shankar R. Thopate. "Efficient and Green Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)Methanes using Thiamine Hydrochloride as an Organocatalyst: A Parallel Scrutiny of Microwave Irradiation versus Ultrasonicator Heating in Water." Current Organic Synthesis 17, no. 8 (2020): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179417666200620215101.

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Thiamine hydrochloride is reported to be a highly competent promoter for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under solvent free conditions using microwave irradiation and ultrasonicator heating in aqueous media. Vitamin B1 is an economical, non-toxic, nonflammable and water soluble green organocatalyst. Moreover, the simple approach, easily operational, short reaction time, high yield and using a little quantity of thiamine hydrochloride makes this method an alternative approach. Present protocol is a simple and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes under microwave

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Qian, Siran, Mingjie Li, Jiaming Liu, and Cunde Wang. "A simple green protocol for the synthesis of ethyl 3-amino-1-aryl-1H-benzo[f] chromene-2-carboxylates in aqueous media." Journal of Chemical Research 41, no. 8 (2017): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751917x15016663252830.

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An eco-friendly and efficient straightforward method has been developed for the synthesis of ethyl 3-amino-1-aryl-1 H-benzo[ f]chromene-2-carboxylate derivatives via 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)-catalysed cyclisation of β-naphthol and 3-aryl-2-cyanoacrylates using water as a green solvent. All products precipitated from the reaction mixture and were isolated by simple filtration. No further work-up nor purification was necessary. The structure of ethyl 3-amino-1-aryl-1 H-benzo[ f]chromene-2-carboxylate was further confirmed by X-ray single crystal analysis.

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Mofidian, Roozbeh, Mojtaba Jahanshahi, Seyed Sharafoddin Hosseini, and Mehdi Miansari. "CFD Simulation of Methanol Dehydration Step through an Adiabatic Fixed-bed Reactor of DME Synthesis." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 24, no. 4 (2023): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2023.4.3.

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Today, dimethyl ether (DME) is changing to ordinarily worn as a superb aerosol propellant and refrigerant for its eco-friendly characteristics. Lately, with the development of novel chemical energy in the coal industries, it has become a fascinating field of research as an alternative green fuel for diesel machines due to the high cetane number. The DME synthesis processes include catalytic dehydrating methanol in an adiabatic fixed-bed reactor. In this study, to investigate the chemical conditions of the methanol dehydration reaction, CFD simulations of the adiabatic reactor have been assesse

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Hua, Fangzheng, Kang Tan, Jingyu Lv, Fei Wang, and Mengting Sun. "Hydrate-Based Methane Storage in Biodegradable Hydrogels Absorbing Dilute Sodium P-Styrenesulfonate Solution." Gels 11, no. 1 (2024): 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11010001.

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Developing an exceptional reaction medium with high promotion efficiency, desirable biodegradability and good recyclability is necessary for hydrate-based methane storage. In this work, a kind of eco-friendly hydrogel, polyvinyl alcohol-co-acrylic acid (PVA-co-PAA), was utilized to absorb dilute sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SS) solution, for constructing a hybrid reaction medium for methane hydrate formation. Hydrogels or dilute SS solutions (1–4 mmol L−1) had weak or even no promoting effects on hydrate formation kinetics, while the combination of them could synergistically promote methane hydr

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BIMAL, K. BANIK, JAYARAMAN MUTHUSWAMY, SRIRAIAN VAIDYANATHAN, S. MANHAS MAGHAR та K. BOSE AJAY. "Rapid Synthesis of β-Lactams as Intermediates for Natural Products via Eco-friendly Reactions". Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 74, Nov-Dec 1997 (1997): 943–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5900768.

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Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA <em>Manuscript received 3 October 1997</em> A variety of substituted <em>β</em>-lactams which serve as intermediates for diverse natural products have been prepared by rapid microwave assisted synthesis. Indium mediated reactions in aqueous media with azetidin-2,3-dione have been conducted in high yield to provide intermediates for pyrrolidine and piperidine alkaloids. The synthetic approaches reported here are more ecologically friendly than parallel conventional reactions descri

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Tang, Cheng, Wenwen Yang, Zhijuan Zou, Fang Liao, Chunmei Zeng, and Kunpeng Song. "Facile Synthesis Hyper-Crosslinked PdFe Bimetallic Polymer as Highly Active Catalyst for Ullmann Coupling Reaction of Chlorobenzene." Polymers 15, no. 12 (2023): 2748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122748.

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The synthesis of efficient and sustainable heterogeneous Pd-based catalysts has been an active field of research due to their crucial role in carbon–carbon coupling reactions. In this study, we developed a facile and eco-friendly in situ assembly technique to produce a PdFe bimetallic hyper-crosslinked polymer (HCP@Pd/Fe) to use as a highly active and durable catalyst in the Ullmann reaction. The HCP@Pd/Fe catalyst exhibits a hierarchical pore structure, high specific surface area, and uniform distribution of active sites, which promote catalytic activity and stability. Under mild conditions,

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Ji, Ha-Eun, Se-Young Kim, Heejin So, Vivian Prayitno, Ki-Teak Lee, and Jung-Ah Shin. "A Novel Eco-Friendly Process for the Synthesis and Purification of Ascorbyl-6-Oleates." Foods 14, no. 1 (2024): 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14010070.

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Commercial ascorbyl-6-O-esters (AEs) are composed of saturated fatty acids with relatively high melting points, resulting in limited solubility in lipophilic media. Therefore, a lipase-catalysed synthesis and purification method for ascorbyl-6-O-oleate (AO) was proposed in this study. The esterification synthesis (i.e., bonding of oleoyl group to ascorbic acid) rate was 19.7% using acetone as the reaction solvent. The transesterification synthesis (i.e., exchange of acyl group with oleic acid (OA) in ascorbyl-6-O-palmitate (AP)) rate increased to 73.8% (AP:OA = 1:3, molar ratio). The esterific

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Du, Jiaqi, Yidan Peng, Xu Guo, et al. "Atomically Dispersed Pd Sites on ZrO2 Hybridized N-Doped Carbon for Efficient Suzuki–Miyaura Reaction." Catalysts 13, no. 4 (2023): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13040651.

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Researchers studying heterogeneous catalysis are intrigued by single-atom catalysts (SACs) due to their ultrahigh atomic utilization. However, only a few reports on SAC-catalyzed classical organic transformations are available. In this work, atomically dispersed Pd sites are confined to a ZrO2 hybridized N-doped carbon skeleton with a smart design. UiO-66-NH2 is used to anchor Pd atoms by the coordination of the donor atoms including lone pairs of electrons and metal atoms. Subsequently, the in situ introduction of ZrO2 doping is achieved using pyrolysis, which helps improve the catalytic perf

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Dr. D. Valli Sowbhagyam. "Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents: A Comprehensive Review." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 2, no. 02 (2024): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2024.0035.

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Common reaction media, volatile organic solvents (VOS), contribute significantly to air pollution and pose challenges in separation and recycling processes. As environmental awareness grows, researchers are focusing on developing alternative, eco-friendly solvent systems to replace these traditional VOS. Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as promising "green" solvents due to their extremely low vapor pressure and high thermal stability, providing advantages in containment, product recovery, and recyclability. ILs exhibit varying stability to moisture and miscibility with molecular liquids, and t

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Liu, Xiong-Li, Xiao-Mei Zhang, and Wei-Cheng Yuan. "A simple and eco-friendly method for the aminomethylation of 3-substituted oxindoles via three-component Mannich reaction in aqueous media." Tetrahedron Letters 52, no. 8 (2011): 903–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.12.060.

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Hussien, Fadia Al Haj, Mohammad Keshe, Khaled Alzobar, Joumaa Merza, and Ayman Karam. "Synthesis and Nitration of 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin via Pechmann Condensation Using Eco-Friendly Medias." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 69 (August 2016): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.69.66.

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A nitro coumarin derivatives has been synthesized via nitration of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin wich was synthesized via Pechmann condensation resorcinol with a β-ketoester using Amberlyst-15 as a green and efficient catalyst and by caring out the reaction of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate (with 1: 1 mol ratio) in the presence of 0.2 g of Amberlyst-15 at 110°C under solvent-free conditions. These nitro coumarin derivatives have biological activity and momentousness in the industrial fields. The purified products were measured the melting points and characterized by spectral methods: FT-IR,1H

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Hussien, Fadia Al Haj, Mohammad Keshe, Khaled Alzobar, Joumaa Merza, and Ayman Karam. "Synthesis and Nitration of 7-Hydroxy-4-Methyl Coumarin via Pechmann Condensation Using Eco-Friendly Medias." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 69 (August 12, 2016): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-zj1ao8.

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A nitro coumarin derivatives has been synthesized via nitration of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin wich was synthesized via Pechmann condensation resorcinol with a β-ketoester using Amberlyst-15 as a green and efficient catalyst and by caring out the reaction of resorcinol and ethyl acetoacetate (with 1: 1 mol ratio) in the presence of 0.2 g of Amberlyst-15 at 110°C under solvent-free conditions. These nitro coumarin derivatives have biological activity and momentousness in the industrial fields. The purified products were measured the melting points and characterized by spectral methods: FT-IR, 1

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Kotthireddy, Kavitha *. and Pasula Aparna. "AN EFFICIENT ONE-POT SYNTHESIS OF COUMARIN-PYRROLE HYBRID COMPOUNDS UNDER ENVIRONMENTALLY HARMLESS CONDITIONS." Journal of Scientific Research in Pharmacy 7, no. 1 (2018): 10–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1161768.

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<strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong> <strong><em>C</em></strong><em>oumarin and pyrrole heterocyclics have found to show diversified biological activities. Due to their easy availability and stability they applied in various branches of science. Based on this point of view coumarin-pyrrole hybrid compounds have been synthesized in a one-pot three-component method.  Ammonium acetate (NH<sub>4</sub>OAc) has been found to be an efficient regent and catalyst for this method of synthesis under purely eco-friendly conditions. We have successfully demonstrated the triple role of ammonium acetate a

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Parga-Marrufo, Cesar, Ivonne L. Alonso-Lemus, Alonso Díaz-Guillen, B. Escobar-Morales, and José Escorcia-García. "Electrospun N-S-Codoped Carbon Nanofibers As Metal-Free Electrocatalysts With Catalytic Activity For The Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Alkaline Media." ECS Transactions 108, no. 7 (2022): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10807.0069ecst.

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In this work, we have developed metal-free electrocatalysts based on sulfur and/or nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by in situ electrospun doping method. Heteroatom-doped CNFs have diameter ≈ 350 nm and nitrogen and sulfur species on their surface. Moreover, the catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is evaluated in alkaline electrolyte (0.5M KOH). The most active metal-free electrocatalyst labelled as S-CNF has an onset potential of 0.817 V vs. RHE, HO2 - % yield of ≈12-15% and n = 3.7 and high ethanol tolerance. The Accelerated Degradation Test (ADT) show that S-CN

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Fathollahi, Mostafa, Shahnaz Rostamizadeh, and Ali M. Amani. "A Clean, Mild, and Efficient Preparation of Aryl 14H-benzo[a,j]xanthene leuco-dye Derivatives Via Nanocatalytic MCM-41-SO3H Under Ultrasonic Irradiation in Aqueous Media." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 21, no. 1 (2018): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180104111508.

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Aim and Objective: The present study has developed an efficient and eco-friendly protocol for the synthesis of aryl-14-H-dibenzo[a,j] xanthenes through a one-pot condensation reaction of 2-naphthol and arylaldehydes in aqueous media using the nanocatalytic MCM-41-SO3H under ultrasonic illumination. Material and Methods: Using SEM and XRD analyses, MCM-41-SO3H nanoparticles were characterized. Therefore, for high magnification, taking the SEM image, the mesoporous surface of MCM-41-SO3H nanoparticles coated with gold for 2 minutes was characterized. Moreover, at a scan rate of 0.02° (2Θ)/sec, X

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Chaudhary, Ankita, and Jitender M. Khurana. "Advances in the Synthesis of Xanthenes: An Overview." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 3 (2018): 341–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179414666171011162902.

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Background: Xanthene is pharmacologically important oxygen containing heterocyclic moeity exhibiting an array of potent biological activities like antibacterial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, antiplasmodial etc. Other useful applications of these heterocycles are as fluorescent materials for the visualization of biomolecules and in laser technology. Objective: This review gives an insight of the literature available on the methods for the construction of xanthene nucleus. This review article can be reasonably encouraging for those involved in the synthesis of molecules e

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Liu, Xiong-Li, Xiao-Mei Zhang, and Wei-Cheng Yuan. "ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Eco-Friendly Method for the Aminomethylation of 3-Substituted Oxindoles via Three-Component Mannich Reaction in Aqueous Media." ChemInform 42, no. 22 (2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201122110.

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Nguyen, Duong Nguyen, Uk Sim, and Jung Kyu Kim. "Biopolymer-Inspired N-Doped Nanocarbon Using Carbonized Polydopamine: A High-Performance Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen-Evolution Reaction." Polymers 12, no. 4 (2020): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040912.

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Hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) is a promising technology for renewable energy conversion and storage. Electrochemical HER can provide a cost-effective method for the clean production of hydrogen. In this study, a biomimetic eco-friendly approach to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets, exhibiting a high HER performance, and using a carbonized polydopamine (C-PDA), is described. As a biopolymer, polydopamine (PDA) exhibits high biocompatibility and can be easily obtained by an environmentally benign green synthesis with dopamine. Inspired by the polymerization of dopamine, we have devi

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Madhu, Amit, та J. N. Chakraborty. "Recovery and reuse of immobilized α-amylase during desizing of cotton fabric". Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 22, № 3 (2018): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-12-2017-0052.

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Purpose Enzymatic desizing using α-amylase is the conventional and eco-friendly method of removing starch based size. Conventionally, enzymes are drained after completion of process; being catalysts, they retain their activity after reaction and need to be reused. Immobilization allows the recovery of enzymes to use them as realistic biocatalyst. This study aims to recover and reuse of α-amylase for desizing of cotton via immobilization. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates the application of α-amylase immobilized on Chitosan and Eudragit S-100 for cotton fabric desizing. A comm

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Feizi Mohazzab, Bahareh, Babak Jaleh, Zahra Issaabadi, Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh, and Rajender S. Varma. "Stainless steel mesh-GO/Pd NPs: catalytic applications of Suzuki–Miyaura and Stille coupling reactions in eco-friendly media." Green Chemistry 21, no. 12 (2019): 3319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00889f.

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The immobilization of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on stainless-steel mesh entails two steps via deposition of graphene oxide (GO) on the stainless-steel mesh (mesh-GO) by electrophoretic deposition (EPD), and preparation of Pd NPs by laser ablation in liquids (LAL).

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Komar, Mario, Tatjana Gazivoda Kraljević, Igor Jerković, and Maja Molnar. "Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Synthesis of Substituted 2-Mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-Ones: A Comparison of Selected Green Chemistry Methods." Molecules 27, no. 2 (2022): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020558.

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In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used as green and eco-friendly media for the synthesis of substituted 2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones from different anthranilic acids and aliphatic or aromatic isothiocyanates. A model reaction on anthranilic acid and phenyl isothiocyanate was performed in 20 choline chloride-based DESs at 80 °C to find the best solvent. Based on the product yield, choline chloride:urea (1:2) DES was found to be the most effective, while DESs acted both as solvents and catalysts. Desired compounds were prepared with moderate to good yields using stirring, micr

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Jiang, Xiaokun, Shamma Khan, Adam Dykes, Eugen Stulz, and Xunli Zhang. "Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical Applications." Molecules 30, no. 15 (2025): 3104. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30153104.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised through biogenic routes have emerged as a sustainable and innovative platform for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, drug delivery, wound healing, and imaging diagnostics. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and therapeutic potential. This review examines the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs, focusing on microbial, plant-based, and biomolecule-assisted approaches. It highlights how reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature

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Alam, Manawwer, Naser M. Alandis, Naushad Ahmad, and Mu Naushad. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(urethane-ether azomethine) Fatty Amide Based Corrosion Resistant Coatings fromPongamia glabraOil: An Eco-Friendly Approach." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5623126.

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A novel attempt has been made to incorporate azomethine group in the backbone of polyurethane etherPongamiaoil fatty amide. The overall reaction was carried out in different steps like preparation of N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)Pongamia glabraoil fatty amide, poly(ether fatty amide), and poly(urethane-ether) fatty amide. The hydroxyl terminated Schiff base, ethane 1,2-di(azomethine) bisphenol, reacts with fatty amide diol and is further treated with toluylene 2,4-diisocynate (TDI) to form poly(urethane-ether azomethine) fatty amide (PUEAF). These synthesized resins were characterized by FT IR,1H NM

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