Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Écoles d'ingénieurs – Sociologie – France'
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Pigeyre, Frédérique. "Socialisation différentielle des sexes : le cas des futures femmes cadres dans les grandes écoles d'ingénieurs et de gestion." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070002.
Full textEyraud, Michel. "Les carrières managériales des ingénieurs : rôle de la formation initiale, des stratégies individuelles et des pratiques de gestion des grandes entreprises industrielles françaises." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33001.
Full textMore than 80% of the French graduate engineers of a cohort work, at least once in a career, in commitments such as team leader and are often in charge of a project work, or business or general management. The aim of this research is to bring our answer to a few related questions: -"Why do we employ graduate engineers for managing tasks?" -"What are the component elements of processes that drive the graduate engineers to a managing position? What role do the different actors play? Are there specific career paths or schemes? How can the career be partly driven by the initial higher education? How do companies take part in the evolution of the graduate engineer's career?" This research work leans on several combined theoretical frames coming from administration sciences and sociology. The thesis methodology is based on several linked research grounds: Three French "Grandes Ecoles" and their graduates, three industrial major concerns, several databases of graduate engineers with their career paths. The thesis drives to emphasise different paths depending on the engineer's educational institution and suggest a typology i. E. A graduate engineer's segmentation. It also showed the important evolution of the managerial training and behaviour drill of the engineering students. The analysis of the administration policies and practices of several French industrial companies brought us to several conclusions: - The engineer is not recruited as a professional, but as a junior manager, with a capacity to adapt to various commitments : - The return of a kind of management via professional paths or "crafts". - The support to graduate engineers trough short or sometime long training sessions in famous institutions in close connection with their seniority in the company. - The increasing expectation of companies towards human, behavioural and managing abilities of engineers and executives, showed by the implementation of more complete evaluation tools and, theoretically more rigorous ones. Companies do not make distinctions between engineers and other executives within their career management. Finally, the thesis presents some recommendations towards the career managers and managing teams of colleges of engineering
Herbaut, Annie. "Les enjeux de l'enseignement de la sociologie dans une école d'ingénieurs : analyse du curriculum de l'Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes de 1968 à 1994." Lyon 2, 1998. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1998/adufour.
Full textThe instruction of general and rural sociology in the educational program of an engineering student at I. S. A. R. A. Constitues one of the specific aspects of the course of study. This experience leads us to question the stakes involved in teaching this academic discipline in professional training in higher education. Taking the curriculum and its correlation to its environment as the subject of study, we have been able to emphasize the successive finalities of sociology. At its foundation, the originality of this training lies in the establishment of an integrated curriculum. By contributing to the human and scientific aspects of professional training, sociology acts as a catalyst for the mechanism. Its reference to the paradigm of development allows this discipline to recommend an epistemology of apprenticeships and knowledge. The crisis of agriculture and that of its model of development have caused the mechanism to become fragile and have upset the place of engineers in agriculture. Confronted with these modifications, I. S. A. R. A. Is questioning the relevance of its course of study and is commiting itself to a phase of restructuring. Sociology is the subject of numerous controversies, notably due to its unifying role in the course of study. The variety of the areas of its application brings about the breakdown of sociology into individual operations. The variations of the finalities of sociology in formal curriculum are expressed in real curriculum. They reveal the difficulty of its identification in professional training of higher education. From the analysis of this experience, we have retained two stakes for sociology in training of this type : to transfer a sociological skill to the student from the register of knowledge and to develop a capacity for assessment. To intervene as an engineer, the assessment does not depend only on the discipline, but also on the relationships with the other disciplines and the correlation between instruction and real-life situations
Roquet, Pascal. "Les nouvelles formations d'ingénieurs : une approche sociologique." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS1003.
Full textIf you consider the organisation of the "Nouvelles formations d'lngenieurs" (NFI), we can remark thar the "Ecole nouvelle d'lngenieurs en communication" offers in France a revival of the engineer training. The point is to catch at the sens of modifications introduced on the subject of training, but as well in the professional group of engineers. Each new training process is concerned at the same time by the continuity and by gaps which are involved by the revival of engineer training process. Segmentation process and identity explain at the same time the reproduction of academic and professional pattern and the progressive transformation into these pattern. We have tried to show how this construction could be used for the last tentative to create a new style of engineer
Delespierre, Adrien. "L'internationalisation des grandes écoles d'ingénieurs françaises : une recomposition de la noblesse d'Etat." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E038/document.
Full textSince the 1980’s, French grandes écoles are undergoing critics announcing the end of a declining educational model, which is condemned to disappear or to adapt itself to requirements of “globalization”. In order to integrate new criteria of excellence, French engineering schools reform their pattern of selection and education, which is traditionally founded on academic values. Through the special characteristics of the French system of grandes écoles, reformers are challenging the traditionally close relationship that binds these institutions to the State. This work is aiming to analyze how engineering schools have changed their structure, their recruitment and educational programs to integrate these injunctions to "internationalize". The study about new forms of competition among engineering schools brings to light that changes in the French model of elite’s reproduction do not upset the national principles of organization and hierarchy. The analysis of international flow of engineering students also leads to nuance the hypothesis of a "global education market" gradually replacing the States. This research finally examines the metamorphoses of what Bourdieu designated as “State Nobility”, and it questions the actual range of its internationalization
Rauscher, Jacques-Benoît. "Les professeurs de Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Écoles : une élite au service des élites ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0052.
Full textTeachers of Classes Préparatoires aux Grandes Ecoles have an important place in the selection and the socialization of the elites in France. This research examines the characteristics of this group, its heterogeneity and its behavior in changing situations. This work is based on interviews, on a questionnaire sent to all French teachers and on an historical study about teachers' associations. This study highlights the fact that these teachers are more a specific “segment” in their professional group than a professional elite. In such a context, this research shows that teachers can take advantage of both a normative legitimacy and pragmatic legitimacy. These two types of legitimacy explain why the teachers of Classes Préparatoires, in contrast with the other French teachers, do not adopt a defensive posture, when changes occur in their institution. This work finally puts forward how this group is marked by disparities relating in particular to the status of the institution and the local context of practice
Halconruy, Thierry. "Nouvelles compétences des formateurs des écoles françaises d'ingénieurs du bâtiment face à la révolution environnementale et énergétique : éléments de mise en œuvre dans une structure de formation." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS016S.
Full textSustainable development issues have strong impact on the building sector. To deal with these issues, major changes are to occur, not only in terms of organization but also in terms of professional skills. Consequently, the sector must prepare for a huge reconfiguration of professional practices. Engineering being directly affected by this evolution, this requires the implementation of adapted training, and, therefore, appeals for a significant enhancement of the skills of the teachers. To identify these different aspects the present research was conducted using a cross-approach. Following a first axis, specific issues of the construction industry are studied in order to make clearly appear the major mutations that will appear in the short and medium term as an answer to environmental and energy issues. Firstly, an analysis of the sector is proceeded in order to characterize, on one hand, professional practices and, on the other hand, the different jobs occupied by engineers. Secondly, an analysis by themes and technologies, taking into account research activities, technological trends and interviews of professionals, leads to identify the technical and behavioral changes which future engineers should be prepared to. From this double analysis the profiles of competencies required for future engineers, in the short and medium term, are deduced. Following a second axis, a focus is made on issues inherent to trainers working for engineering schools. Analysis of skills required for trainers operating in engineering schools leads to distinguish two major fields (teaching skills and disciplinary skills) likely to be strongly impacted in case of major structural or technological evolution. By crossing the results of the two axes of analysis, we highlight the need for new skills for trainers, for initial training as well as for continuous training, in order to accompany the evolution of the sector. These conclusions are then compared with the results of an inquiry proceeded within an existing higher education school representative of building engineers training facilities. The analysis shows highly contextual issues regarding capitalization and development of the skills of these trainers. It then makes concrete proposals on how to create the conditions in order to achieve the desired skills
Coutant, Hadrien. "Un capitalisme d'ingénieurs : construire un groupe aéronautique après une fusion." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0031/document.
Full textThis thesis explores the post-merger integration dynamics of an industrial group, following the path of a French aeronautics firm, Safran, between 2005 and 2015. Based on an ethnography of the Research and Development division producing aeronautic on-board electronics, 160 interviews and review of grey literature, the thesis analyzes the integration strategies and devices at two distinct levels – top management and engineering teams. This thesis aims to understanding how integration is produced at both levels after a merger, against conflicting and centrifugal forces. The Safran case shows how a new political order is built in a firm around organizational structures based on sociotechnical interdependences and engineers’ professional ideology. This “engineering capitalism” – a notion that explains and characterizes the specific mode of integration at Safran – is linked with the technocratic thought of the French engineering grands corps. It is made economically viable by the shape of the aeronautics market and the kind of competition that takes place within it. It is a means for the top management of the firm to collectively articulate a market strategy and shareholders’ enrollment – including the State as a shareholder – with the internal integration of the enterprise. This work is based on a combination of sociology of organizations and firms, economic sociology and sociology of work
Aubert-Pérès, Josiane. "Le comportement des familles face au choix de l'école : l'exemple de la Bretagne." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H043.
Full textThis study deals with the behaviors of school's users of the academy of Rennes. It's attempts to search and to analyze the family's motivations in the choice of a private or public school, theirs expectations, theirs actions towards school, the reflection takes into account two variables : the school sector and the house holder's occupation. The objectives of this study are to demonstrate the useful part assigned henceforth to school and to show the pragmatic conceptions that parents develop more and more towards school. Indeed, they think more about the personal success of their child than of equal chances for everybody
Tuffa, Elsa. "L'Affiliation en crise : Les transformations du processus d'affiliation d'une population d'ingénieurs dans l'industrie automobile." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC043.
Full textSince the 80s, the literature points to the rise of a malaise among managers, marked by the emergence of burnout syndrome and even suicides. The hypermodernity where the individual is accountable. For its construction as singular, autonomous and efficient in a changing and complex environnent provides an operative analytical framework for such a phenomenon. But it does not explain, from diachronie point of view, how these managers who were the model, thinkers and actors in the emerging process of such a figure were thus affected. Our thesis deals with this question by analyzing the changes in the affiliation process of a manager-engineer people at Renault. In a clinical approach, we analyze actualization and interference of psychic and social processes that govern the relationship of subjects to their company, from professional life narratives interviews. We show the construction of psychosocial envelopes, supported on group, organization and / or institution. These envelopes arc in charge of narcissistic contract and denial pacts in order to support manager's membership and to maintain manager's activity and company's structure. Through the analysis of voluntary redundancy plan and "false spics case" of Renault, we identify three crisis figures - Affiliate crisis, affiliation in crisis and catastrophic affiliation - that express the capacities and conditions the affiliate envelope containing organizational crises and their avatars. Finally, we show the movement of the supports of the affiliate envelope to the institution's border objects
Beraud-Caquelin, Hélène. "Les familles et l'école élémentaire : public ou privé ?" Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H006.
Full textHow do parents perceive and what do they expect from the educational system today ? On what basic do they select the public or the private sector ? To what extent is their belief or ideology involved in their choice of a public or private school ? Is the emphasis placed on academic performance equal in both systems ? Ultimately, what do parents expect from school for their children : knowledge and skills acquired by instruction or rather guidance and values instilled through education ? Based on the sector selected, which school functions do parents value most ?. .
Dumeaux, Danièle. "L'univers culturel des institutrices d'école maternelle : étude sociologique sur les institutrices des écoles maternelles de la Région parisienne : les effets des pratiques culturelles du temps de loisir sur les pratiques pédagogiques." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H052.
Full textWhat the female nursery school teachers transmit from their own cultural practices is discussed throughout this study. Their social beings are studied on the basis of prior inquiries on their "embourgeoisement" on their becoming middleclass, while using the assumption according to which this middle-class status in strengthening and even increasing. The sample used is constructed from various parameters including the social milieu either middle-class or popular, of the places in which they teach. The comparison is made between Paris and the department of la Seine Saint-Denis. Their social belonging should have consequences on the cultural use of their spare time and on their teaching methods. This assumption is partly confirmed as there is only one reserve : the teachers who have the more frequent leisure practices are not those who immediately re-invest them into their teaching practices are not those who immediately re-invest them into their teaching knowing it, consequences in the quality of their teachings arise. An average leisure practice as an amateur seems the most fruitful in educational repercussion. This spare time paradigm looked at, from that angle, is interesting in observing a group of female teachers and in seeing how the representation and values which regulate the transmission of knowledge to the pupils are made up
Pasquali, Paul. "Passer les frontières sociales : promoteurs et bénéficiers de l'"ouverture sociale" des grandes écoles dans la France contemporaine." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0035.
Full textAt the junction of the sociology of social mobility, the history of« elites » and the ethnography of educational policies, this dissertation examines the conditions of possibility and the life experiences of people who benefit from upward social mobility through elite selective education in France. Through the study of widening participation policies of the « grandes écoles» (elite schools) and preparatory classes to these schools, we show how and why such prestigious institutions implement specific programs for working class students and how the latter abandon, redefine or maintain their dispositions, as they move away more or less from their original milieu. This research draws on historical documents, statistical data, in-depth interviews, direct observations and rushes from a documentary film. The first part shows that the unequal social access to elite schools, at the center of debates or policies since 1944, only became a central public issue at the end of the 1990s, when different actors borne by their interests and/or family legacy became the heralds of the cause of widening participation. The second part focuses on a preparatory class located in a prestigious high school which trains youth from working-class areas to enter a group of elite schools (Instituts d'Études Politiques). We examine the practices through which the teachers try to instill in these students a new attitude toward culture and the future. The third part analyzes the factors that explain that students go through with, slow down or interrupt their trajectories of social displacement in the years that follow the competitive entrance exams to these schools, and the consequences of such attitudes
Caillaud, Delphine. "Les parcours scolaires des élèves-ingénieures boursières : entre normes, stéréotypes de genre et stéréotypes de classe." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3005.
Full textAlthough one can make the general observation that parity is not reached in engineering schools. These establishments gradually opened to students with different social, school and gender-related backgrounds, particulary by includind more scholarship students. But, what about female scholarship students ? The fact that there are no more male-only bastions changes the overall representation of a society based on gender relations. However, this research shows that stereotypes remain significant in these establishments. Through a qualitative and quatitative study, we aimed at showing how female scholarship students have taken less « conventionnal » path. Thanks to twenty interviews with male and female we wanted to know the differents interactions with their social environment. Then, with the creation of a questionnaire, in order to emphasise the convergences and the divergences between them. Our goal is to understand the course of gender and social « mobility » and to highlight the issues of the « cost » of trangression associated with them
Bidois, Anne. "La formation scientifique et technique dans l'enseignement supérieur à Rouen (1809-1985) : essai de sociologie historique." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL496.
Full textThe aim of this essay is to propose a local understanding on the constitution of the professional group of engineer, and more precisely those who target an industrial and commercial career. The essay assemble the historical matters that allow us to replay the complex moves of actors around the creation of superior technical and scientific education centers, implying men or institutions belonging to different environments and having heterogeneous representations of the link between initial education and industrial and commercial careers. The essay underlines the existence of two periods, closely linked to the implication of a collective actor coming fromindustrial world. Inspired by the Mulhouse model, it struggles, beginning the 1870' s, for setting up a connexionbetween the educational and production environments, taking engagements in private initiatives that will result in the birth of a business school and a engineering school, still in operation
Danic, Isabelle. "Le jeune enfant entre la famille et l'école maternelle : grand écart, équilibre ou pas croisés ? : approche sociologique de l'articulation de la socialisation familiale et de la socialisation scolaire du jeune enfant en France." Paris, EHESS, 1999. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01429471.
Full textFavre, Marie Pierre. "L'importance de la mobilité étudiante pour la vie professionelle des ingénieurs dans un contexte de globalisation : champ de recherche : l'INSA de Lyon." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/168001829#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe student mobility is not a new phenomenon; however, it is nowadays in the heart of the international development of higher education institutions within a very competitive context of globalization. The ambitious policy of mobility of INSA and its international dimension provide a relevant field of studies whose results might be extrapolated to other French and European schools of engineers. More precisely, we look at the expectations and gains of the mobility among students and alumni. The aim is to identify recommendations and to suggest a model of development of student mobility that can benefit to all institutional actors and better respond to company needs. Indeed, a successful mobility definitely impacts the organization and the management of the institution. These results are considered as decision tools for an adapted strategy. This research work is based on qualitative and quantitative surveys and a field experience in China, Japan and Mexico contributes to its enrichment
Didier, Christelle. "Ethique et identité professionnelle des ingénieurs. Enquête sur les diplômés des écoles du Nord de la France." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779651.
Full textKherroubi, Martine. "Les instituteurs mobilisés professionnellement : une analyse sociologique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H072.
Full textPalheta, Ugo. "L'enseignement professionnel dans l'École massifiée : fonctions, structure et usages d'un ordre d'enseignement dominé." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0031.
Full textThe vocational track has stayed for a long time the forgotten sector of the history and sociology of education, maybe because of its working-class character. Fortunately, it has lately benefited from an undeniable and sustained attention. But various questions are still neglected or have been deserted since the founding works of Claude Grignon or Lucie Tanguy, for reasons linked to the specific characteristics of this sociological object but also to the methods used to study it. By trying to break some nagging distinctions, theoretical or methodological (statistic methods/ethnographic approach, macro/micro, structures/actors, “legitimism”/populism), and by considering vocational high-schools as well as apprenticeship, we would like in this work to tackle the following issues: what types of class divisions and gender divisions, but also of status differentiations, vocational tracks tend to reproduce ? What forms take pedagogical relations in these tracks, or what rules govern interactions between young people and teachers in this sector of the educational system? How these young people perceive their school career but also their professional future, and how do they manage to get their aspirations, rooted in their social conditions of living and specific habitus, to coincide with the reality of labor market?
LOIS, COUTEAU ANNE. "Les instituteurs de la republique : le loyalisme contre la citoyennete 1880-1930." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010279.
Full textWhen the republicans came into power, they sought to spread their republican values and modify the political culture of the citizenry in order to stabilize and perpetuate the regime. The schoolteachers were given the mission of circulating the republican principles throughout france. Because this mission was so important, the political elite required unfailing political loyalty from public schoolteachers and on a wider scale from all fonctionnaires. They therefore attempted to impose and normalize a citizenship deprive of freedom of opinion for the public schoolteachers. Through their trade unions, the public schoolteachers battled against this figure of the "reduced citizen". But because of the specific nature of their struggle (a struggle within the state) and of their will to merge their own professional interests with those of the republican civil service, the public schoolteachers could not be ordinary citizens. The third republic therefore allowed the coexistence of different level of citizenshp without regard to electoral status. This led to the existence of various forms of political participation. In this respect, the case of the female schoolteachers is especially striking : by using their own means, the latter are able to participate in politic debate. Although they do not hold the right to vote, their role in defending the regime and in spreading the republican values, their place in professionnal or feminist organisations that participate in the definition of public educational policy endow them with a specific form of citizenship
Adangnikou, Noël. "Une évaluation de l'efficacité de l'enseignement supérieur français : le cas des classes préparatoires scientifiques." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00250430.
Full textans après la sortie de l'école le salaire des ingénieurs issus de CPGE est en moyenne supérieur de 3,5%.
Van, Zanten Agnès. "L'école et le milieu local." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H029.
Full textRios, Pozzi Diego. "L'École, le marché et la justice sociale : une étude sur les attitudes anticapitalistes des intellectuels." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040191.
Full textTano, Marcelo. "L'analyse des besoins langagiers en espagnol sur objectifs spécifiques : le cas des formations françaises d'ingénieurs." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100125/document.
Full textThis multidisciplinary thesis clarifies the situation of the Spanish language in French engineering courses. Once language training has to meet specific objectives, the question of the most appropriate teaching-learning methodology must be asked. This central issue required consultation with the actors involved in the process in order to know their real language needs. While much has already been said about this kind of analysis, there is a lack of information on the relevant variables to sift through the requirements of this target audience. By bringing together theoretical frameworks and field experiments, two ad hoc models of survey instruments, both quantitative and qualitative, were proposed and tested for engineers and student engineers. The results show that opinions converge on a considerable number of points and, in particular, on the most appropriate way to teach and learn Spanish. The recommended method must be active and aim at the pragmatic aspects of the language, based on teamwork, favoring peer collaboration, in a communicative and action-oriented perspective, prioritizing “project” based expression and interaction tasks. The analysis of the didactic implications of this joint application leads to the conclusion that it can be satisfied by adopting the "problem-based learning" method. A protocol for the implementation of this innovative approach, accompanied by an example of application in a specialized Spanish course for engineers, is presented with the aim of transferring scientific advances likely to renew university pedagogy
Julliard, Jean-Yves. "Ecoles, pouvoirs et sociétés : les écoles élémentaires en Savoie au XIXe siècle (1815-1880)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH020.
Full textIn the first nineteenth century, in the absence of direct intervention by the Sardinian State to organize the elementary school fabric, educational structures were set up on the initiative of the population and the clergy. By their more or less formal nature and their dissemination, they constitute a school nebula. In the mountains, the populations are among the most literate in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, a legacy of a school enrolment movement that began under the Ancien Régime. This is due to their high demand for education, which is the result of an open economy symbolized in particular by the scale of economic migration. Originality of the Savoy highlands, this social demand is reflected in the importance of the phenomenon of foundations, built in particular by expatriates, and the densification of the school fabric even in the hamlets. Nothing expresses this desire for education better than the creation of village associations based on the model of economic consortia, the local recruitment of teachers and the organization of temporary schools in line with territorial economic and social configurations.The elementary school became the Sardinian state's business from the 1850s onwards. In the implementation of its school policy, which is mainly based on the organization of a teacher training and inspection system, it is opposed by the clergy and conservative and Catholic leaders. The former seeks to defend its prerogatives, the latter seeks to maintain a school “system”, “reputed as in the nature of things”, i.e. in tune with the economic and social organization that the populations have adopted, the education provided contributing to maintaining them in their conditions.Following the annexation to France, the school is one of the vectors for the integration of the new territories into the “Great Nation”. The symbol of this policy is the secularization of the staff of the curate schools. In view of the high school density of the new territories, the challenge for the new administration lies in the organisation of the school fabric and the improvement of the quality of education. Concerned about generalizing schooling, the French administration cannot reduce the number of temporary schools in the hamlet as much as it would like. It must deal with the populations who thus actively contribute to the organization of their school territory. The quality of education is slowly improving as material conditions are upgraded and the number of teachers graduated from teacher training colleges increases. An 1865 survey and registers of inscriptions and notes from the late 1870s provide an assessment of this progress. These sources also help to highlight the differentiation of teaching between permanent and temporary schools, this duality marking the durability of the adaptation of school organisation to the economic and social environment as well as the weight of budgetary constraints. Nevertheless, hamlet schools make a major contribution to the schooling of Savoyard youth and their mastery of elementary knowledge. This is evidenced in particular by the results of the primary school certificate. The relatively high participation of highland students in this examination reflects the persistence of the educational investment of mountain populations on the eve of the introduction of compulsory schooling
Roby, Catherine. "Place et fonction des SHS dans les Écoles d’ingénieurs en France : état des lieux, enjeux et perspectives épistémiques." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20046/document.
Full textThe disparity between activity sectors for engineers is as great as that between their vocational training programs. But the latter are characterized by their sociohistorical basis that typically minimizes some consideration of khowledge acquired by HSS from their curriculum. Whereas the importance of the integration HSS in engineering education has been confirmed. That is why this present research aims at identifying the disciplines of HSS introduced into these trainings and the purposes which they pursue. It is a question of understanding in what and how the HSS participate in a reflexivity on the democratic stakes in the conditions of exercise of engineering practice or unlike the legitimization of a technocratic direction. The investigation first examined the display on the websites of the schools of HSS disciplines, their departments listed that include this subject in their teaching and research programs, and the texts describing their content. This investigation reveal an interdependence between these displays of HSS and cultural technoscientifics orientations of the engineering schools, partially determined by their supervision, date of creation, domain of speciality and level of recruitment. It shows howtheses orientations are linked with the institutionalization of the HSS in France. A categorization of schools was also elaborated, on the basis of the place and of the function which is occupied by the SHS in their curriculum. The dominant reference to the company in the program contrasts with HSS which are explicitly mobilized only in two categories of six, and are connected to the sciences and the techniques of engineering speciality only in one category. Studies of contrasted cases illustrate and go deeper into these first results. How difficult seams this coexistence, it is possible as shown by the analysis of a school among which the pioneering fouders boosted by their philosophic and political ambition, their personal values and shared convictions were also supprted by the national policies of research in HSS
Vermosen, Jean-Pierre. "Dire et faire dans un collège catholique : enjeux d'une institution." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20028.
Full textAn ethnographic approach of a catholic school and an internal analysis by one of its members. The player's practice is confronted with the institution's position brings to light signs which lead to the disclosure of unvoiced comments. Transcendence, be it on a religious or secular level does no longer feed the educational thinking. One is made to forget the religious frame and its thirst for power over the regional school scene. The running of the authorities which rule every day life in a school was analysed, pointing out its inflexibility and how it stems from an authoritarianism legitimated by its peculiar nature. As a member of the institution he is probing into, the researcher is alsos witness and therefore feels a duty to analyze his self implication
Zemborain, Federico. "Expériences des enfants d'immigrés dans des écoles élémentaires. Études de cas à Paris et à Bruxelles." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040066.
Full textObject of strong debates, migrant children’s schooling is a challenge for all social actors involved.The objective of this thesis is to compare, on the one hand, migrant children’s attitudes, and, on the other hand, the implementation of programmes within primary school educational systems in Paris and Brussels (French community). Methodology includes fieldwork with an ethnographical perspective involving participant observations and interviews in four primary schools in each city.I make two hypotheses. First, migrant children are active social actors embedded in conflictual situations and in their socialisation process in general. Second, their experiences as migrant children challenge the status quo of the existing school system because they reveal the contradictions of educational systems in relation to their basic principles. The main result is that there are not many differences between primary schools in Paris and Brussels. The presence of migrant children shows that School which is sees its core principles of normalisation, discipline and formation challenged. Their presence requires new answers from all adults involved. Difficulties to acknowledge migrants and to work with them, gaps between schooling and extra-schooling culture, efforts to maintain the fiction of equality (égalité), the lack of professionalization of staff; all generate symptoms such as avoidance, collective and individual boredom, and even fear amongst some adults towards their migrant pupils. In turn, these symptoms tend to further increase the phenomenon of segregation in schooling
Yamazaki, Akiko. "La place de la langue française dans la sélection des élites contemporaines : capital linguistique et socialisation dans la France du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG040/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the importance of the French language within the training of contemporary elites in France. It also endeavours to determine how linguistic capital is acquired through family education and the school system respectively. Qualitative investigations have been conducted principally among former students of grandes écoles, their parents, as well as teachers working in post-secondary schools elitist sections. This study identifies two types of linguistic capital : one of a rather cultural nature, largely developed within the family sphere, and the other – more technical – acquired mainly through high-level school education. Both of them prove essential when it comes to entering the major grandes écoles. Both consequently contribute to the training of elites
Kobayashi, Sumiko. "Étude sociologique des pratiques de choix du collège par les parents d'élèves : le cas de Paris." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H005.
Full textThis thesis seeks to explain how and why parents in Paris choose one secondary school over another for their children. A data set of interviews with 41 parents and the thematic analysis enable us to spot 3 types of choices (choice as evidence, choice as strategy, and choice by default), as well as 6 categories of motivations (family tradition, educational support, moral support, logic of catchment areas, commitment to the public school [comprehensive school in Britain], and financial constraint). Focusing on the processes of choice, 4 types are identified (accepted choice, choice by experience, hesitating choice, and choice by default). In the case study, we have highlighted the way in which some parents get involved in a specific school as well as their method of collecting the information about schools, their social representations of schools, their expectations for the school, and their strategies developed and practised within the school. We have analysed, in particular, the role and mechanism of "grapevine knowledge" of schools. Parental responses to the "grapevine" fluctuate according to the social categories, to the parents' gender, and to the type of secondary school they choose. It is argued that choice is not only determined by the social categories of parents but also by the result of the balance of force among different motivations, children and parents' previous school experience, their social representations, their expectations, the financial and geographical constraints, etc
Guillamo, Manuel. "La réforme de la scolarité à Saint Cyr ou La sélection des futures élites militaires." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0029.
Full textFrench army elites have apparently some common features with civil elites. As the civil elites, they are first prepared in particular classes, then are selected by the means of an exam, and finally they come from famous academies : military Academy of Saint Cyr. However there are a lot of differences | on behave of the paradigm of the access of the no commissioned officers to the officers' corps and the myth of the unity of the army, the military hierarchy is in favour of the multiplicity of the officers' origins (pluralist pattern) and refuse alone, on the contrary of the other national occidental armed forces, the initial predestination of only the "Saint-Cyriens" to the greatest functions (monist pattern). Saint-Cyr's reform and the ulterior carreer of its pupils justify however this predestination since 90 % of the generals are former "Saint-Cyriens". The subject of this thesis is, first to show how this future elite get built during their scolarity in Saint Cyr, then how this academy is appreciated en regards to the order national and occidental military academies, and finally how this academy in organized thanks to a qualitative study. This last part deals with the paradoxes in the actors' competition in Saint Cyr between on the one hand the defendors of the pluralist and isolationist model and on the other hand the people on favour of the opening of the academy and the monist model. The army hierarchy refuse on behave of social promotion to create a great officers' corps, transforms their elites in persons who have the power to decide but in persons like technicians, managers, experts having no real influency about the great defense's matters
Dupuy, Guillaume. "D’un collège à l’autre : sociologie des mobilités scolaires en cours de cursus collégien." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100076.
Full textWhy is it that in France almost one out of every four pupils changes schools during his/her secondary school years ? Based on a survey done in a secondary school and on a framework designed to analyse school placements, this study completes the findings of recent sociological research focusing on school placements. First of all, this analysis focuses on the range of schools in a particular area. A description of the basic structure of the schools shows how infrequently these models are changed. This study encourages a reflection on the distinction between the practices of the public schools and private schools concerning under privilèges populations. The research then concentrates on the choices which best benefit both the families and the school staff. Through this study emerges an existing tension between the legislation which created this framework governing educational placements and the rights families have to send their children tout the schools of their choice in accordance with their expectations of what a school should provide. The pupils' mobility is the logical consequence of having to readjust to the various social and educative dispositions of the pupils and those already in place in their successive schools. Taking into account the flow from one local secondary school to another, this report also brings to the forefront an increasing homogeneity of groups of pupils from a similar social background in both the classroom and in the school from the beginning and the end of secondary school years
Lucas, Raoul. "La mise en place de l'école dans une société esclavagiste puis coloniale : La Réunion 1815-1946." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080923.
Full textEducation is socialization and has a prominent part in our society. The link between education and society seems to be complex, yet resorting to historical perspective offers some clarification on the issue. Access to this perspective involves the scrutiny of both historical and social factors in order to understand the educational setting in a populating colony (both with and without slavery) in reunion, or ile bourbon as it was then known, from 1815 to 1946. In conclusion, to examine the educational setting in the colony it is necessary to examine the dynamic evolution of the reunionnais society
Guey, Emmanuelle. "Les sciences humaines (pédagogie-psychologie-sociologie) dans la formation des maîtres de l'enseignement primaire (1920-1969) : étude historique sur une institutionnalisation discontinue." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083893.
Full textThe main subject of this thesis is the study of the discontinuous institutional validation of three subjects -pedagogy-psychology-sociology- for the school-teacher formation, structured around the particular Sorbonne’s history concerning pedagogics educational science, between 1920 and 1969. Our research is based onto the official curriculum of formation which we compared to editorial popularization (school text-books) Enlightened by biographical focuses, these analysises show that these school disciplines are the results of scientifics and pedagogics political commitments. Taking up these social considerations, the curricula look like time markers of an era. Having access to the status of applied sciences (1920-1940), they depart from the university authority tutory, and then become independent and finally create new disciplines (1947-1969). This process highlights the school-teachers course formation as a productive place of hybrid sciences. Nevertheless, as the after-war era privileges this creative dynamism, these disciplines will never be academically acknowledged. At the turn of this half century studied, we could say that it is rather dissolution of the pedagogics educational science than a consolidation. More than only a study of the transfer from the higher education to the primary school, the thesis explains a non linear complex process of co elaboration of the school teacher knowledge structuring the definition of new formation contents from a professional point of view and the structuration of pedagogics educational science included in the academic field
Fabre, Sylvain. "Enseignement des arts plastiques au collège : approche disciplinaire et perspectives normatives en éducation artistique et culturelle." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/17974352X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textHe « plastic arts » discipline is considered as indicative of art education and School in France. An historic survey shows the difficulties for a discipline-based art education, as a result of the plurality of the purposes referred, and of the conception of art as creative, exploratory, and criticical practice. How to think an art teaching that balances didactization and respect for the artistic values? We make the assumption that art can be characterized by the ability to experience the action standards and processes, whatever their origin, as well as to invent new standards. Building on the work of Canguilhem, Schwartz, Le Blanc, and Rochex, we define a normative perspective and we show its interest. It allows us to characterize the actions of professional teachers of art, using interviews and an ethnographic observation of classes with special curriculum visual arts. Our study also focuses on student activity, and on the processes that determine the understanding of classroom situations. It proposes a typology of students that highlights the factors that influence the meaning given to the discipline. Two perspectives thus conjoin: a descriptive and analytical perspective and a normative perspective. Their complementarity leads us to propose the artistic education as the establishment of a "normative space", developing a culture of practice, a culture of discovery, as well as a culture of institutions
Gutierrez, Elise. "Les inégalités d'accès à la culture chez les élèves des écoles primaires : le cas des "classes à Paris"." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC266/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the inequalities of access to culture for students of primary education. The subject was investigated through an integration into the initiative created and funded in the 90’s by Paris City Hall: “les classes à Paris”. The initiative offers scientific, urbanistic, cultural and artistic, projects led by professionals in Parisian schools. The investigations took place in six different schools. This research utilizes an anthropological methodology centered around an immersion into the initiative and classes and interviews with the actors, including the children. Their collision reveals several imaginaries and expectations from the Institution that question the perspective of equality linked to the School’s image
Jabiera, Abdalla. "Controverses autour de la notion de liberté : la France et "l'affaire du foulard". Sociologie de philosophies politiques ordinaires." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1023.
Full textAt the end of the 80s, three girls of Moslem origin were excluded from their middle school because they refused to remove their veil in class. This «news item» would have been able to pass unnoticed, had not it been spread in a spectacular way over the media scene. The reasons called to justify this craze like are the will to make respect the principle of secularism within the republican school. But, very fast, the debate took other proportions with the intervention of many intellectuals who thought that behind the scarf hides the submission of the woman, if it is not a will posted by «communitarism» even of « religious fundamentalism ».Then, the nation would be in danger and we can understand that the question of the scarf bounces in 1994, with this time a determination on behalf of laic activists to put in check the current law, formulated by the Council of State in crystal clear terms: the bearing of a religious sign by the pupils does not constitute in itself a motive for exclusion, except in cases of «ostentatious and claiming bearing» . But in a movement of eternal return, the bearing of the scarf reappears brutally in 2003, politicizes, and ends with the promulgation in March, 2004 of a law forbidding the wearing of the veil in public institutions. In fact, this evolution highlighted an essential aspect: the fear of the «immigrants» and the Islam become too visible. It also allowed to set secularism against the freedom of religion. Our work consists in understanding how we managed to make paradoxical these two fundamental principles on which the notion of democracy in French Republic, among others, rests. This interrogation is all the more justifiable since the debate around the scarf had explicitly ignored the point of view of the veiled women, so passing next to the various meanings which this end of fabric could contain. Actually, if the objective of our research is to examine closely the position of those who intervened for the ban on the scarf in the school space, it is also a question of giving the floor to these women who have not been established. So, our first questions are: how do they live their buckle ? What sense do they give to the wearing of the veil ? What glance do they throw on a debate which seems to question their confessional freedom of expression ? These questions are on the base of our research
Iori, Ruggero. "À l’école du travail social. Une sociologie comparée des formations d’assistantes sociales en France et en Italie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV028.
Full textThe goal of this dissertation is to question the social origins of social service assistants (or social workers) in France and Italy. Based on a cross-national comparative design focusing on social workers’ training trajectories, this research combines approaches from the sociology of higher education, sociology of professions and theories of socialization. While social workers’ curricula in the two countries vary across forms of “pre-service”, “in-service”, vocational as well as university training, they generally stem from the tension existing between academic and professional educational systems. This study addresses this tension, focusing on the interplay between students’ social background and the logics of education in social assistance. The research design combines qualitative and quantitative methods, including face-to-face interviews, questionnaires and ethnographic observation at four educational institutions. By comparing the configuration of the disciplinary field in the two countries, and by following students longitudinally from entry to graduation, hence, this study aims to shed light on the process of socialization in social work education.The first section offers a social history of training in social service, investigating the background of the different types of curricula in the two national contexts. While social work training in France generally takes place outside of the high education system, in Italy it was ultimately integrated in the university field throughout the 1990s and 2000s. Exploring the more or less successful process of institutionalization of this specific form of training, allows elaborating on the academization of the social service sector in light of the progressive professionalization of higher education. The second section focuses on aspirations and orientations among social service students. By classifying students’ choices hierarchically in the two national higher education sectors, we identify three main types of orientation, which have to do with a student’s educational trajectory, their class membership, as well as her preferred justification.Based on a statistical typology of students’ life stories, we illustrate the social and academic background, as well as the individual and collective conditions, in which students embarking in this type of education are embedded. The comparative, cross-sectional analysis of ten individual trajectories, in fact, shows that while some students display socio-academic continuity, others experience professional readjustment or even social reorientation.The third section addresses selection mechanisms at entry and throughout the educative path in the two countries, while also focusing on the content and skills within the curricula of the four training institutes under study. It shows that, albeit often claiming otherwise, institutes do not select students based on their school background (previous school experience), but rather target candidates with specific profiles stemming from distinctive social origins and experiences. While institutes belonging to the school cluster target primarily students of working class background in line with the tradition of school institutions, those of the professional cluster target specific interactional predispositions as well as adaptability to professional conditions, which are more frequent among students that are better off in terms of cultural capital. Furthermore, all institutes put forth a progressive selection, as not all of the students ultimately get a diploma. Learning social work takes place at the crossroads between social docility and adaptability to the job market, which implies adjustments, resistances and re-appropriations of the singular ethos of a professional space in constant redefinition
Sidorcenco, Dalia. "La réforme des écoles d'art françaises : une approche théorique à la frontière de la sociologie des organisations et la socio-économie de la culture." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB193.
Full textIn 2011, following an accelerated reformation movement led by the network of French art schools, they joined the European area of higher education, getting out of the ''regime of singularity '', which distinguished them from the university system. This adherence note the accomplishment of a series of measures, whose implementation was intended to affect two distinct dimensions, constituting the reality of art schools: -the academic dimension, including the ''upgrading'' of curricula and restructuring the pedagogical organization, which allowed to accredit the awarded degree with a recognized diploma; -the administrative dimension, which through the transformation of municipal art schools into Public Cultural Cooperation Establishment (EPCC) aimed to start the empowerment process of local authorities. The aim of this research was to perceive the new issues regarding the art schools, one of them being the factors that stimulated the ''upgrading'' of the art schools condition. The other issue examined the governance tools that made possible and effective the deployment of autonomy decreed
Marianne, Blanchard. "Socio-histoire d'une entreprise éducative : le développement des Ecoles supérieures de commerce en France (fin du XIXe siècle-2010)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785740.
Full textZéphir, Stéphane. "Des différentes modalités de l’expérience minoritaire dans l’espace urbain d’une Zone d’Education Prioritaire : les effets paradoxaux d’une action positive." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2011.
Full textThis research, based on an extended period of fieldwork and empirical, inductive observations in an Educational Priority Area, analyzes the different educational modalities used in the creation and educational treatment of otherness among students and families by education professionals. The analyse aims to take into account the diverse schooling experiences of certain students, using a phenomenological approach, while taking care to recreate the interaction dynamic that governs relationships between different parties. Emerging the principle of normative neutrality of the universalist model of the Ecole Républicaine and the interactive dynamics observed in the field, one observes pragmatic adjustments that give rise to phenomena of reification and ethnicization of certain populations. The present analysis seeks to describe, based on a corpus collected during this research, the way these adjustments emerge, are redefined and sometimes contested even within interactive situations. From these descriptions, it is possible to draw conclusions regarding the significant changes to the educational experience in this context, namely the degradation of relationships between education professionals and students. This deterioration has led to a process of delegitimization of the educational process in this Educational Priority Area by some middle-school students and a loss of confidence in the school’s supposed effectiveness in protecting students from social relegation
Ramond, Quentin. "Trajectoires résidentielles et choix scolaires des classes moyennes : statut d’occupation du logement, ségrégation et action publique locale dans la métropole parisienne." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0021.
Full textGiven the strong correlation between the distribution of attractive school offer and the prices on the housing market, the middle classes are likely to face complex trade-offs between housing tenure and access to attractive educational resources. This research examines how the middle classes deal with these uneasy negotiations, by analyzing the effects of housing tenure on their residential segregation patterns and their relationships with spatial inequalities in school provision. First, I use a quantitative approach to show that proximity to attractive public schools in privileged urban contexts is associated with higher representation in the private and public rental sectors, which relates to the development of public housing units aimed at middle-class households in these areas. On the contrary, access to homeownership mostly unfolds in working-class areas with poorly performing schools. Second, building on fieldwork in the Paris metropolis, I show that the middle classes articulate different values and attitudes to deal with exacerbating constraints on the housing market and competition for better schools. Their compromises between housing tenure and place of residence reveal different relationships with other social groups and between generations within the family network. Overall, the interplay between housing tenure, the social profile of places and the unequal geography of education shapes different residential status within the middle classes, which is crucial to understand social stratification and class relations in large cities as well as to improve housing and education policies aimed at tackling the effects of place in the (re)production of inequalities
Frandji, Daniel. "L'école : entre nécessité, réalités et possibilité : le sens de l'école et sa mise en crise au collège." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0081.
Full textRouillard, Rozenn. "Collèges publics, collèges privés : ethnographie comparative de configurations contextuelles et de leurs effets scolaires." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903987.
Full textAbuhab, Valente Gabriela. "As práticas docentes e a questão religiosa : elementos de comparação entre Brasil e França." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2025/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the teachers' dispositions and logic of actions when faced with a sotuation related to the religious question in two countries that define themselves as secular,such a Brazil and France. this is an ethnographic-inspired study wich mobilizes a comparative education perspective. The research is situated within the field of the Sociology of Education and uses the sociology of socialization and pragmatic sociology as the main theoretical frameworks. Therefore, we analyze the provisions and pinciples of justice in the pratice of Brazilian and French teachers at public colleges. Thus, the queestions that motived the research are : how do the teachers deal with a situation involving the religious question ? Why do they act this way ? What logic(s) of action are mobilized in teaching pratices ? Wich dispositions contribute to the "choice" of the logic action ? How social configurations influence teaching practice with regard to the religious question ? Are there differences between the teaching pratice itself ? To answer these questions,approximately thirty interviews were conducted with Brazilian and french teachers and three public institutions were part of a field observation (two institutions in Brazil and one in France), the two methods giving access to the description of professional situations concerning religions. The liberal logic identified in the pratices of Brazilian teachers and the civic logic favored in France in situations involving the religious questions are different wayss to guarantee secularism. Regarding teachers' dispositions, we have identified hybrid dispositions in Brazilian actions and professional dispositions in the French teaching practice. Finally, we have brought to light a logic of action peculiar to the teaching profession in both countries, what we call the teaching logic
Darchy-Koechlin, Brigitte. "Les élites étudiantes internationales face au modèle d'excellence des Grandes Ecoles françaises." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0056.
Full textStarting from a thorough qualitative work conducted within the four French “Grandes Écoles” (École Polytechnique, École Normale Supérieure, École des Hautes Études Commerciales, Institut d’Études Politiques), this thesis contributes - through the attention of the foreign students attending the “Grandes Écoles” under scrutiny along with that of the administrative staff of those schools - to the understanding of the international dynamics making up and recomposing this particular side of the French Higher Education system. In this respect, the thesis takes into account a two-fold approach: on the one hand, a survey of the adjustment strategies (individual and collective) which the students use when facing the French institutions requirements without forgetting, on the other hand, that the latter develop adjustment strategies in order to capitalize on the school assets of these student elites they are marked out to receive while vouching for the excellence of their curricula. The comparative analysis of the four institutions enabled us to show the legitimacy stakes underlying the internationalisation processes leading to the opposition of two contrasting patterns: on the one hand, the leading state schools such as the École Normale Supérieure and the École Polytechnique, showing a slower limited internationalisation and, on the other hand, the École des Hautes Études Commerciales, and the Institut d’Études Politiques
Adler, Yoann. "Les familles face au choix du collège : logiques d’action, régulation administrative et critique sociale." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20079.
Full textThe present thesis, relevant of a broader concern about families' choice of school, more specifically tackles issues raisedby recent approaches on the sectorisation policies implemented in France: the 2007 relaxation of the school map and, mostly since 2012, the efforts to shape a new sectorisation model on a strict compliance basis. As the latest update of two decades of experiments with the relaxation of the school map carried out by both right-wing and left-wing governments, the Education Act of June, 4th 2007, though not venturing beyond the relaxation stage, has deeply impacted families' ways of thinking and availed them with a new sense of liberty which cannot be ignored nor brushed aside effortlessly. Consequently, the purpose of this study is twofold.First and foremost, we will consider how the relation between users – pupils and their parents – and public service education has been affected by the families' choice of secondary school – which all too often amounts to a trying experience. Demands for choice of school originated in the early 80's with a growing awareness on the parents' side that ed cational facilities were not on par, yet the logical determinants behind these demands have significantly shifted in focus. While a market-based logic remains a key factor, new forms of civic logic have surfaced which are mostly concerned with the rights of users, laying a strong emphasis on the right to information, the access to an efficient school, the well-being and safety of one's child, etc. On every level of administrative regulation, whether central, intermediate or local, the educational community as well as the local authorities have been trying to meet the families' new expectations, sometimes if only to serve special interests : garner electoral votes, contain defections from school institutions plagued by a lack of attractivity, etc. This is properly the core of our demonstration. The second – and far from secondary – purpose of our study is to delineate the evolution of the relations of competition and cooperation between secondary schools located in a same area, highlighting in the process the various actors' logics at work within this broader – and unprecedented – relaxed framework. In the course of this study, we have been able to assess, among various factors, how social and ethnic mixity, along with effective regulation of training provision on local and intermediate levels, play a preponderant and substantial part in the relations of competition and cooperation between school institutions
Allouch, Annabelle. "L'ouverture sociale comme configuration : pratiques et processus de sélection et de socialisation des milieux populaires dans les établissements d'élite : une comparaison France-Angleterre." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0043.
Full textWidening participation programmes have been launched simultaneously in both France and England in the 2000s. They stem from the idea that it is necessary for elite universities, despite their traditional mission of elite education, to get involved in the field of antidiscrimination and thus develop measures to increase equality of opportunity and diversify their student body. This thesis highlights the impact of these programmes on the way to address social inequalities in the educational sector. In fact, widening participation schemes contribute to the dissemination of a new interpretation of social mobility on the basis of a compensation targeting talented pupils (Pupils identified as “with potential”) rather than sustaining the most deprived of them. It is allowed by the current withdrawal of the traditional role of the Welfare state in education (in a context of financial crisis) which increases the pressure on universities (through financial incentives), in the name of their social responsibility towards society. This work is based on an ethnographic survey led in three French and English elite institutions, including the University of Oxford, Sciences Po and ESSEC
Paul-Carrière, Lisa. "Apprenance et Genre : Variations d'Apprenance et de Dépendance-Indépendance à l’égard du genre (DIG) dans des contextes d'écoles d'ingénieur-e-s : contribution à une théorie de l’apprenance." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100179.
Full textOur doctoral thesis presents three studies conducted in 2011, which intersect and distinguish the level of learnance, sex and the gender norms of 779 students in engineering school, in order to assess the links that may exist between these variables and their impact on learning environment. Under the assumption that changes in learnance are not random, and that exist outside the personal dispositions, external elements related to social contexts and that affect the attitude of subjects of learning, we decided to extend our initial questioning of learnance to links between learnance, sex and their relation to gender norms in engineer schools that are Ecole Centrale Paris (ECP), "the EPF engineering school" Ecole Polytechnique Feminine formerly (EPF) and Sup'Galilée which have a specific gender variables and prestige