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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ecological and economic impacts'

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1

Freiherr, von Gagern Cyrill Antonius. "Ecological and economic impacts of distant water fishing: three empirical studies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283544.

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En la segona meitat del segle XX, la industrialització dels vaixells pesquers va donar lloc a una sobreexplotació dels recursos marins a les àrees costeres dels estats tradicionalment pesquers. En conseqüència, els països pesquers industrialitzats van començar a explorar les aigües llunyanes, en gran part sense traves legals, per alimentar la creixent demanda de peix i marisc. Amb l'entrada en vigor de la Convenció de les Nacions Unides de 1982 sobre el Dret del Mar (UNCLOS, en anglès), així com l’Acord de Recursos Pesqueres (“Fish stock agreement”) de les Nacions Unides de 1995, es van rees
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Afifi, Mansur. "Socio-economic and ecological impacts of coral reef management in Indonesia." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/55018162.html.

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Hirst, Rachel Anna. "Ecological and socio-economic impacts of military training on Salisbury Plain." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344042.

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Konoplina, Yu S. "Economic and ecological aspects of modernization." Thesis, Університетська книга, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64204.

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In this article positive and negative aspects of informational and telecommunication technologies and systems ecological impact are regarded. The author analyzes direct as well as indirect ecological impact of informational and telecommunication technologies.<br>У даній публікації розглядаються позитивні і негативні аспекти екологічного впливу інформаційних та телекомунікаційних технологій. Автор аналізує як прямий, так і непрямий екологічний вплив інформаційних і телекомунікаційних технологій.
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Ali, Fadilah Zafirah. "The ecological and socio-economic impacts of the lionfish invasion in the southern Caribbean." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/415523/.

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The Indo-Pacific lionfish (Pterois volitans) is a venomous, voracious predator with a high dispersal capactity. In the space of 30 years, it has infiltrated an array of habitats, inhabited a depth range of > 300 m and exceeded the size and density reported in the native range, demonstrating the difficulty of effective lionfish management. If left unmanaged, lionfish pose a significant, but still uncertain, threat to Caribbean ecosystems thereby warranting the need for effective and efficient, tailored management schemes. Since their confirmation in Bonaire and Curacao in October 2009, an exten
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Wood, Katharina U. Mueller. "Ecological and economic impacts of wildfires on an Appalachian oak forest in southern West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11185.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2010.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 45 p. : col. ill., col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45).
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Barker, Nola H. L. "Ecological and socio-economic impacts of dive and snorkel tourism in St. Lucia, West Indies." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9867/.

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Hill, Louise. "Ecological impacts of ash dieback in Great Britain." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:941ee684-798b-47b6-ae51-64baeb5f821e.

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Ash dieback is a severe disease of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.), caused by the invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. In its native East Asia, H. fraxineus is a harmless endophyte, but since its accidental import into Europe in the early 1990s it has infected over 90% of ash trees in some areas, with long-term mortality sometimes exceeding 90%. The disease was discovered in Great Britain in 2012, and has since spread rapidly. This thesis investigates some of the possible impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and society, and in doing so identifies ways to alleviate some impacts. Brita
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Gall, Sarah Caroline. "Evaluating the impacts of integrating fisheries and conservation management." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/8170.

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Historically, the governance streams of fisheries and conservation management have run separately to one another, with little attempt at integration despite their similar goals. Efforts to integrate the two have increased as a result of their similarities and the potential benefits that may arise, but a requirement for additional research was identified to determine the effectiveness of this approach. This thesis therefore took an interdisciplinary approach, seeking to combine knowledge and methods from ecological, social and economic disciplines to provide a holistic evaluation of the potenti
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Taylor, Amy. "Ecological tax reform : estimated environmental and employment effects in British Columbia /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0022/MQ51485.pdf.

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Crookes, Douglas John. "Modelling the ecological-economic impacts of restoring natural capital, with a special focus on water and agriculture, at eight sites in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71628.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The restoration of natural capital has ecological, hydrological and economic benefits. Are these benefits greater than the costs of restoration when compared across a range of dissimilar sites? This study examines the impact of restoration at eight case study sites distributed throughout South Africa. The benefits of restoration include improved grazing values and crop yields, improvements in water yield and quality, soil carbon improvements, wild products, lumber, fuelwood and electricity. The impact of restoration on all forms
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Mahdian, Adrian. "ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT : Case study: Cost-effectiveness evaluation of Proposition O projects." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-52945.

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Stormwater Management (SWM) or Best management practices (BMPs) treat the stormwater runoff that carries pollutants. Pollutants in the waters and in the stormwater, negatively impact the environment, the ecology, and natural resources. Stormwater Control Measures (SCM) are used in different projects to improve water quality and quantity. This thesis aims to understand the connection between SWMs, the economy, and environmental sustainability. This thesis evaluates the cost-effectiveness of SWMs in Mediterranean climates. The research aims to guide the next project managers to choose better SWM
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Björklund, Johanna. "Emergy analysis to assess ecological sustainability : strengths and weaknesses /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5794-7.pdf.

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Castoldi, N. "Environmental and economic assessment of agricultural systems at crop, field, farm, and regional scale : Application of agro-ecological and economic indicators in northern Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/55900.

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Castoldi, N, 2007. Environmental and economic assessment of agricultural systems at crop, field, farm, and regional scale. Application of agro-ecological and economic indicators in Northern Italy. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Milan, Italy, 335 pp, 25 figures, 45 tables, 243 references, 4 annexes. In the last decades, the perception of relations between agriculture and environment has remarkably changed and concerns have been raised about the sustainability of agricultural production systems, involving consumers, citizens, policy makers and farmers. As direct measurements are too expensive a
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Gomez-Rivera, Sara Maria. "Por uma cultura ecológica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-20092010-141932/.

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O presente trabalho busca compreender e analisar a partir de um ponto de vista conceitual o termo cultura ecológica, que vem sendo usado como sinônimo de uma infinidade de conceitos associados à racionalidade econômica capitalista. O objetivo principal deste trabalho não é definir o quê é cultura ecológica, mas apontar as suas possíveis potencialidades conceituais, já que até agora tem se forjado como um termo mais normativo do que conceitual. Este trabalho propõe uma análise teórica - critica do termo e de vários aspectos ligados a ele, questionando e refletindo sobre a atual crise socioambie
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Prediger, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Economic Behaviour and Context – Five Experimental Studies on the Impact of Ecological and Institutional Context Factors in Southern African Commons / Sebastian Prediger." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1029399786/34.

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Dubey, Megha. "Regenerative Design for the Urban Roofscape of Old Delhi, India." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1535467556932406.

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18

Kerr, Simon. "An uneasy marriage : ecological reason and the Resource Management Act." Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/2127.

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The late 1960s witnessed an unprecedented interest in the environment. One of the intellectual characteristics of this period was the rise of ecocentrism, a form of ecological reasoning that challenged the domination of anthropocentric environmental thinking and practice. The thesis briefly reviews the evolution of ecological forms of reason, and then poses two questions. The first question asks: "What is ecological reason and how does the literature conceptualise it?" This leads to a theoretical analysis of the forms of ecological reason discernable in the literature, and results in a 'matrix
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Cibangu, Sylvain. "Mobile phones' contributions to socio-economic development according to Sen : corn growers' perceived impact in the Congo." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23013.

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Research questions: This research was focused on exploring the impact of communication technologies on rural populations in the Congo. In particular, this research posed two questions: 1. Do mobile phones produce development in rural areas of the Congo? 2. Do mobile phones improve the living conditions of people? The questions helped examine ways in which mobile phones were or were not engendering development among these populations. Methods: The research was undertaken using four methods: 1. Phenomenology, 2. Sen's capability approach, 3. Participatory method, and 4. Ecological method. Phenom
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Oliveira, Isabel Silva Dutra de. "A contribuição do zoneamento ecológico econômico na avaliação de impacto ambiental : bases e propostas conceituais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-09052005-094619/.

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O estudo de impacto ambiental (EIA), diante da concepção de avaliação de impacto ambiental (AIA), determina, em seus objetivos, a necessidade de se demonstrar a viabilidade ambiental não só de projetos, mas também de políticas, planos e programas (PPP). Considerado atualmente como instrumento ambiental essencial a qualquer processo decisório, conceitualmente distingue-se por necessidades e respostas diferentes para PPP, daquelas previstas para projetos. No Brasil, a prática associada somente a projetos e desvinculada das decisões que ponderem as alternativas locacionais, tem demonstrado distor
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Pereira, Laura M. "Private sector adaptive capacity to climate change impacts in the food system : food security implications for South Africa and Brazil." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ade3811d-584e-4c5d-a734-4a22312eccf7.

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Achieving food security under climate change is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. The challenge becomes even greater when contextualised within our current limited understanding of how the food system functions as a complex, adaptive socio-ecological system, with food security as one of its outcomes. Adding climate change into this already complex and uncertain mix creates a ‘wicked problem’ that must be solved through the development of adaptive food governance. The thesis has 4 key aims: <ul><li>1. To move beyond an understanding of food security that is dependent solely on
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Soares, Wagner Lopes. "Uso dos agrotóxicos e seus impactos à saúde e ao ambiente: uma avaliação integrada entre a economia, a saúde pública, a ecologia e a agricultura." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2589.

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Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:42:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010<br>A presente tese é composta de três artigos sob o uso dos agrotóxicos e seus impactos à saúde e ao ambiente, e um quarto, que aborda, sobre o prisma das políticas públicas, alternativas de produção ao modelo agrícola baseado no uso intensivo desses insumos. O primeiro artigo tem como objetivo discutir as externalidades negativas associadas ao uso de agrotóxicos nos municípios do cerrado brasileiro, área em franca expansão da atividade agrícola. O segundo artigo valorou as externalidades
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Attanasio, Gabriela Müller Carioba. "Avaliação da obrigatoriedade do zoneamento ecológico-econômico, no contexto do licenciamento ambiental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-27122005-114448/.

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O zoneamento ambiental, um dos instrumentos da lei da Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Lei 6.938/81), foi regulamentado pelo Decreto nº 4.297/02, com a denominação de zoneamento ecológico-econômico e tem se evidenciado como uma ferramenta importante de gestão e planejamento ambientais, dotada de aptidão para realizar caracterização e diagnóstico ambientais de determinado espaço, de acordo com a sua capacidade de suporte. Com essa característica, pode ser utilizado com eficiência no licenciamento ambiental de atividades potencialmente degradadoras do meio ambiente, dotando o órgão licenciado
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Дегтярьова, Ія Олександрівна, Ия Александровна Дегтярева, Iia Oleksandrivna Dehtiarova, and D. Snitko. "Ecological-economic systems efficiency." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7833.

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Hallwass, Gustavo. "Ecologia humana da pesca e mudanças ambientais no Baixo Rio Tocantins, Amazônia brasileira." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29992.

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A pesca artesanal de pequena escala (ou subsistência) tem sido historicamente pouco estudada. Poucos estudos buscam compreender os fatores que influenciam a pesca nessa escala. Populações humanas que dependem dos recursos naturais apresentam bom conhecimento sobre o ambiente e os recursos explorados. Barramentos de rios são uns dos principais impactos na pesca de águas interiores, e pouco se sabe sobre esses impactos ao longo do tempo. Portanto, informações das populações locais e da pesca de subsistência podem melhorar e complementar o conhecimento científico sobre a pesca e os impactos causa
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Gallagher, Kevin. "Ecological impacts of freshwater invasive species." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726348.

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This study aimed to describe the key consequences of three invasive species within freshwater systems, namely Lagarosiphon major, Squalius cephalus and Hemimysis anomala. I utilised a combination of tried and tested traditional methods such as age, growth and diet analyses alongside modern methods such as stable isotope analysis (SIA) and assessment of functional responses. Research questions or hypotheses were examined to assess the impacts (if any) an invader was having on ecosystem function within freshwater systems. The research methods applied and developed in this study will help ecologi
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Fournier, Alice. "Modéliser et prédire les invasions biologiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS144/document.

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Les invasions biologiques, deuxième cause de perte de biodiversité à l’échelle mondiale, représentent un risque majeur auquel nos sociétés doivent faire face. On parle d’invasion biologique lorsque des activités humaines permettent à une espèce de franchir des barrières qui jusqu’alors limitaient sa dispersion ou sa multiplication, entrainant une explosion géographique et démographique de l’espèce dans un nouvel écosystème et s’accompagnant éventuellement d’impacts économiques, sociétaux ou écologiques. La façon la plus efficace et la moins coûteuse de limiter les impacts causés par les espèce
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Кириченко, Костянтин Іванович, Константин Иванович Кириченко, and Kostiantyn Ivanovych Kyrychenko. "Economic-ecological interconnection. Educational background." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8541.

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Бурлакова, Ірина Михайлівна, Ирина Михайловна Бурлакова, and Iryna Mykhailivna Burlakova. "Economic strategies of ecological policy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8492.

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Дегтярьова, Ірина Борисівна, Ирина Борисовна Дегтярева, and Iryna Borysivna Dehtiarova. "Synergism of ecological-economic systems." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8090.

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Morley, Emma Jane. "Ecological impacts of ivermectin-amended cattle dung." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442278.

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French, Vicki Ann Donna. "Ecological impacts of ivermectin : amended cattle slurry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435527.

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Gihwala, Kirti Narendra. "Flamingo foraging plasticity: ecological drivers and impacts." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25317.

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The consequences of predation have become a central focus of marine ecological research. Numerous studies have emphasized the importance of apex predators in structuring assemblages at various organisational levels and in determining how ecosystems function. However, less appreciated currently is the fact that predators display multiple foraging behaviours, thereby allowing them to overcome problems associated with unpredictability of food resources in space and time. The primary goal of this dissertation is to contribute to growing understanding of the ecological causes and consequences of fo
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Laidler, James Robert. "Paleological and Ecological Impacts of Virus Silicification." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2194.

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Silicification of organisms in silica-depositing environments can impact both their ecology and their presence in the fossil record. Although microbes have been silicified under laboratory and environmental conditions, viruses had not been, prior to this work. Bacteriophage T4 was successfully silicified under laboratory conditions that closely simulated those found in silica-depositing hot springs. Virus morphology was maintained during the short period of silicification (48 hours), and a clear elemental signature of silicon and phosphorus was detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrophotom
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Dalmazzone, Silvana. "Economic activity and the resilience of ecological systems : complexity, nonlinearities and uncertainty in economic-ecological modelling." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311013.

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Svedberg, Stefan. "THE IMPACT OF NON-FOSSIL ENERGY CONSUMPTION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY : Investigating ecological footprints." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184764.

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This study aims to investigate the impact of non-fossil energy consumption on environmental quality. The sample includes 36 OECD countries for the period 1993-2016. This study investigates environmental quality by analyzing the ecological footprint and its six components of cropland, forest land, grazing land, fishing grounds, built-up land, and carbon footprint. The ecological footprints’ six components underline a relationship between human demands and the biological supply of earth resources. This relationship is of major concern due to the hazardous development in global warming and climat
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Мельник, Леонід Григорович, Леонид Григорьевич Мельник, Leonid Hryhorovych Melnyk, Ірина Борисівна Дегтярьова, Ирина Борисовна Дегтярева, and Iryna Borysivna Dehtiarova. "Synergetic effects of ecological-economic systems." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7920.

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Modern character of ecological-economic relations needs new approaches to long-term and short-term strategies of territorial development. For ecological-economic efficiency we need to incorporate not only internal results of economic subjects, but also external results, that appear as a result of economic subject’s activity in other spheres. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7920
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Kushnyrova, V. "Main economic benefits of ecological management." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31619.

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The ecologist - economic aspect of conservation of nature began to be formed rather recently. If the purpose of economy is an improvement in conditions and standard of living, than each step of its development forms these living conditions. The person needs to learn how to forecast the future and develop the strategy of designing and creating the nature-technical environment,which is necessary for him. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31619
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Kabanova, L. "Energy use: economic and ecological problems." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8316.

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Kasianenko, Ju. "Ecological-economic aspects of waste management." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31585.

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One of the hottest environmental issues has recently become the fight against the rubbish. Both air pollution, depletion of the ozone layer and global warming are the result of human activity. Ukraine is taking the lead. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31585
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Correa-Guzman, Cristián. "Ecological impacts of invasive trout in Patagonian lakes." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110451.

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Earth is undergoing an acute anthropogenic biodiversity crisis, and invasive species are a primary cause. Understanding the ecological impacts of two of the most disruptive cosmopolitan freshwater fish invaders, brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), is a priority to develop conservation guidelines and learn about the functioning of natural ecosystems. The impacts of these salmonids native to the northern hemisphere are especially worrisome in cold-temperate freshwaters of the Southern Hemisphere, where they are now popular as sport fish. This region is the realm o
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Anderies, John M. "Culture, economic structure, and the dynamics of ecological economic systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ34506.pdf.

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Mattos, Ely José de. "Desenvolvimento e meio ambiente : o papel dos indutores de impacto." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54614.

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Esta tese é composta por três ensaios que versam sobre a complexa relação entre desenvolvimento e meio ambiente. No primeiro ensaio é feita uma revisão das principais abordagens teóricas que tratam do assunto, com destaque para a Curva Ambiental de Kuznets (CAK) e para os conceitos de sustentabilidade fraca e forte. Ambos apontam o crescimento econômico como um importante indutor de impacto ambiental. No entanto, a CAK afirma que a geração de riqueza pode ser aliada na proteção ambiental quando o país alcança um patamar de desenvolvimento suficientemente elevado para que o meio ambiente passe
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Distefano, Tiziano. "Essays in Ecological Economics." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2015. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/172/1/DiStefano_PhdThesis.pdf.

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Ecological Economics (EE) is a novel, wide and heterogeneous branch of research which aims at studying the relationships between Ecological and Economic Systems, which are composed of large number of entities (state variables or stocks), that interact through the flows of matter, energy, and information passing through the systems’ boundaries. The two systems are strictly interwoven and each one have an impact on the other, i.e. the exploitation of natural resources for productive purposes and the potential economic losses due to environmental disasters (e.g. climate change). The curr
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Magnusson, Gisele Marie. "Economic-ecological relationships in coastal wetland restoration /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3225321.

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Kostyuchenko, N. "Ecological-economic indicators for sustainability in Ukraine." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19880.

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Кубатко, Олександр Васильович, Александр Васильевич Кубатко, Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko, Олександрa Вікторівна Кубатко, Александра Викторовна Кубатко, and Oleksandra Viktorivna Kubatko. "Economic and ecological convergence of Ukrainian regions." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26633.

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Кубатко, Олександр Васильович, Александр Васильевич Кубатко, Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko, Олександрa Вікторівна Кубатко, Александра Викторовна Кубатко, and Oleksandra Viktorivna Kubatko. "Theoretic concept of economic and ecological convergence." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40742.

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Abstract:
The issue on whether or not poor regions tend to catch-up richer ones plays a significant role in regional growth theory. The empirical growth models were relying more on available data such as real per capita income, savings and investment, government expenditures, exports, labor force and its structure by industries, education variables like school enrollment, etc. The concept of economic convergence according to Matkoski and Prochanik (2004) should be address in two aspects. First, a tendency towards leveling (equalization) per capita incomes and growth rates among counties (regions
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Мельник, Леонід Григорович, Леонид Григорьевич Мельник, Leonid Hryhorovych Melnyk, Олександр Васильович Кубатко, Александр Васильевич Кубатко, and Oleksandr Vasylovych Kubatko. "Ecological and economic convergence of regional development." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8218.

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Gray, Michael Andrew. "The ecological impacts of habitat modification on tropical biodiversity." Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440791.

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