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Journal articles on the topic 'Ecological Biogeography'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Crisci, Jorge V., Osvaldo E. Sala, Liliana Katinas, and Paula Posadas. "Bridging historical and ecological approaches in biogeography." Australian Systematic Botany 19, no. 1 (2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb05006.

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The practice of biogeography is rooted in disciplines that traditionally have had little intellectual exchange and yielded two complementary biogeographic approaches: ecological and historical biogeography. The aim of this paper is to review alternative biogeographic approaches in the context of spatial analysis. Biogeography can be used to set priorities for conservation of biological diversity, but also to design strategies to control biological invasions and vectors of human diseases, to provide information about the former distribution of species, and to guide development of ecological restoration initiatives, among other applications. But no one of these applications could be fully carried out until an integrative framework on biogeography, which bridges biogeographical historical and ecological paths of thinking, has been developed. Although we do not propose a new biogeographic method, we highlight the causes and consequences of the lack of a conceptual framework integrating ecology and history in biogeography, and how this required framework would allow biogeography to be fully utilised in fields such as conservation.

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2

Henderson, IM. "Biogeography without area?" Australian Systematic Botany 4, no. 1 (1991): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9910059.

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Recent methodological developments in historical biogeography generally treat biogeographic distribution as synonymous with occupancy of 'areas'. The aim of biogeographic analysis has been to determine the historical relationships of these areas using information from the distributions and phylogenetic relationships of animals and plants. While this may be of interest to geologists, it is of little interest to most biologists since it offers no direct insight into the historical processes that generate biogeographic patterns. Attempts to use relationships of areas (obtained from biogeographic patterns) to understand biogeographic processes can involve circularity. Focusing on relationships of areas relegates biology to a minor consideration in biogeography. This has resulted in the unfortunate dichotomy between 'ecological' and 'historical' biogeography. A biogeography of areas also limits the information potentially available from biogeographic distributions. Choice of areas for biogeographic analysis can be problematical and analysis is sensitive to this choice. Problems in identifying and analysing biogeographic areas are illustrated with trans-oceanic and local examples of austral biogeography.

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3

Hengeveld, R. "Ecological biogeography." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 17, no. 4 (December 1993): 448–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339301700403.

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In this article, I first review recent developments in biogeography, after which I discuss some attempts at synthesis. The main body of the article, however, is devoted to the conception of ranges in terms of physiological responses to environmental variation. Because of this variation, such deterministic responses have to be described in stochastic terms in the case of local processes. Moreover, because of the same variation, species ranges will change location, size, and shape all the time, whereas internally their numerical structure shows up their dynamic nature. Ranges, therefore, are to be conceived as processes rather than as patterns, as they have been for long in the past.

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4

Wiens, John J. "The niche, biogeography and species interactions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1576 (August 27, 2011): 2336–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0059.

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In this paper, I review the relevance of the niche to biogeography, and what biogeography may tell us about the niche. The niche is defined as the combination of abiotic and biotic conditions where a species can persist. I argue that most biogeographic patterns are created by niche differences over space, and that even ‘geographic barriers’ must have an ecological basis. However, we know little about specific ecological factors underlying most biogeographic patterns. Some evidence supports the importance of abiotic factors, whereas few examples exist of large-scale patterns created by biotic interactions. I also show how incorporating biogeography may offer new perspectives on resource-related niches and species interactions. Several examples demonstrate that even after a major evolutionary radiation within a region, the region can still be invaded by ecologically similar species from another clade, countering the long-standing idea that communities and regions are generally ‘saturated’ with species. I also describe the somewhat paradoxical situation where competition seems to limit trait evolution in a group, but does not prevent co-occurrence of species with similar values for that trait (called here the ‘competition–divergence–co-occurrence conundrum’). In general, the interface of biogeography and ecology could be a major area for research in both fields.

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5

Ricklefs, Robert E., and David G. Jenkins. "Biogeography and ecology: towards the integration of two disciplines." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1576 (August 27, 2011): 2438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0066.

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Although ecology and biogeography had common origins in the natural history of the nineteenth century, they diverged substantially during the early twentieth century as ecology became increasingly hypothesis-driven and experimental. This mechanistic focus narrowed ecology's purview to local scales of time and space, and mostly excluded large-scale phenomena and historical explanations. In parallel, biogeography became more analytical with the acceptance of plate tectonics and the development of phylogenetic systematics, and began to pay more attention to ecological factors that influence large-scale distributions. This trend towards unification exposed problems with terms such as ‘community’ and ‘niche,’ in part because ecologists began to view ecological communities as open systems within the contexts of history and geography. The papers in this issue represent biogeographic and ecological perspectives and address the general themes of (i) the niche, (ii) comparative ecology and macroecology, (iii) community assembly, and (iv) diversity. The integration of ecology and biogeography clearly is a natural undertaking that is based on evolutionary biology, has developed its own momentum, and which promises novel, synthetic approaches to investigating ecological systems and their variation over the surface of the Earth. We offer suggestions on future research directions at the intersection of biogeography and ecology.

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6

Kupfer, John A. "Landscape ecology and biogeography." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 19, no. 1 (March 1995): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339501900102.

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The growing recognition that spatial scale and heterogeneity affect ecological processes has focused heightened attention over the last decade on principles from the field of landscape ecology. Landscape ecologists, drawing on principles from a diverse array of disciplines and fields, including physical and human geography, focus explicitly on the interrelation between landscape structure (i.e., pattern) and landscape function (i.e., processes). In this article, I discuss the application of landscape ecological principles to a specific and pressing issue: nature reserve design and functioning. To do so, I outline and review five landscape ecological themes with relevance to reserve design and management: reserve distribution, reserve shape, landscape corridor design and functioning, boundary dynamics, and reserve functioning. I particularly stress: 1) the role that landscape ecological theories may have in integrating existing principles from applied biogeography and population biology, and 2) the unique insights provided by a landscape ecological approach. Finally, I argue that biogeographers, because of our distinct skills, need to be more active in the development and advancement of landscape ecological theory.

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7

Bowen, Brian W., Michelle R. Gaither, Joseph D. DiBattista, Matthew Iacchei, Kimberly R. Andrews, W. Stewart Grant, Robert J. Toonen, and John C. Briggs. "Comparative phylogeography of the ocean planet." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 29 (July 18, 2016): 7962–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602404113.

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Understanding how geography, oceanography, and climate have ultimately shaped marine biodiversity requires aligning the distributions of genetic diversity across multiple taxa. Here, we examine phylogeographic partitions in the sea against a backdrop of biogeographic provinces defined by taxonomy, endemism, and species composition. The taxonomic identities used to define biogeographic provinces are routinely accompanied by diagnostic genetic differences between sister species, indicating interspecific concordance between biogeography and phylogeography. In cases where individual species are distributed across two or more biogeographic provinces, shifts in genotype frequencies often align with biogeographic boundaries, providing intraspecific concordance between biogeography and phylogeography. Here, we provide examples of comparative phylogeography from (i) tropical seas that host the highest marine biodiversity, (ii) temperate seas with high productivity but volatile coastlines, (iii) migratory marine fauna, and (iv) plankton that are the most abundant eukaryotes on earth. Tropical and temperate zones both show impacts of glacial cycles, the former primarily through changing sea levels, and the latter through coastal habitat disruption. The general concordance between biogeography and phylogeography indicates that the population-level genetic divergences observed between provinces are a starting point for macroevolutionary divergences between species. However, isolation between provinces does not account for all marine biodiversity; the remainder arises through alternative pathways, such as ecological speciation and parapatric (semiisolated) divergences within provinces and biodiversity hotspots.

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8

Stott, P. A., C. B. Cox, and P. D. Moore. "Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach." Journal of Ecology 82, no. 3 (September 1994): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2261279.

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9

Taylor, D. W. "Aspects of freshwater mollusc ecological biogeography." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 62, no. 1-4 (January 1988): 511–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90071-5.

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10

Burch, James N. "Biogeography. An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach." Economic Botany 48, no. 2 (April 1994): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02908213.

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11

Esquerré, Damien, Stephen Donnellan, Ian G. Brennan, Alan R. Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Hussam Zaher, Felipe G. Grazziotin, and J. Scott Keogh. "Phylogenomics, Biogeography, and Morphometrics Reveal Rapid Phenotypic Evolution in Pythons After Crossing Wallace’s Line." Systematic Biology 69, no. 6 (May 21, 2020): 1039–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa024.

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Abstract Ecological opportunities can be provided to organisms that cross stringent biogeographic barriers towards environments with new ecological niches. Wallace’s and Lyddeker’s lines are arguably the most famous biogeographic barriers, separating the Asian and Australo-Papuan biotas. One of the most ecomorphologically diverse groups of reptiles, the pythons, is distributed across these lines, and are remarkably more diverse in phenotype and ecology east of Lydekker’s line in Australo-Papua. We used an anchored hybrid enrichment approach, with near complete taxon sampling, to extract mitochondrial genomes and 376 nuclear loci to resolve and date their phylogenetic history. Biogeographic reconstruction demonstrates that they originated in Asia around 38-45 Ma and then invaded Australo-Papua around 23 Ma. Australo-Papuan pythons display a sizeable expansion in morphological space, with shifts towards numerous new adaptive optima in head and body shape, coupled with the evolution of new micro-habitat preferences. We provide an updated taxonomy of pythons and our study also demonstrates how ecological opportunity following colonization of novel environments can promote morphological diversification in a formerly ecomorphologically conservative group. [Adaptive radiation; anchored hybrid enrichment; biogeography; morphometrics; snakes.]

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12

Jenkins, David G., and Robert E. Ricklefs. "Biogeography and ecology: two views of one world." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1576 (August 27, 2011): 2331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0064.

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Both biogeography and ecology seek to understand the processes that determine patterns in nature, but do so at different spatial and temporal scales. The two disciplines were not always so different, and are recently converging again at regional spatial scales and broad temporal scales. In order to avoid confusion and to hasten progress at the converging margins of each discipline, the following papers were presented at a symposium in the International Biogeography Society's 2011 meeting, and are now published in this issue of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B . In a novel approach, groups of authors were paired to represent biogeographic and ecological perspectives on each of four topics: niche, comparative ecology and macroecology, community assembly, and diversity. Collectively, this compilation identifies points of agreement and disagreement between the two views on these central topics, and points to future research directions that may build on agreements and reconcile differences. We conclude this compilation with an overview on the integration of biogeography and ecology.

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13

Amarasinghe, M. D., and K. A. R. S. Perera. "Ecological biogeography of mangroves in Sri Lanka." Ceylon Journal of Science 46, no. 5 (November 23, 2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjs.v46i5.7459.

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14

Barnes, David K. A., and Sammy De Grave. "Ecological biogeography of southern polar encrusting faunas." Journal of Biogeography 28, no. 3 (January 12, 2002): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00562.x.

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15

Barrington, David S. "Ecological and Historical Factors in Fern Biogeography." Journal of Biogeography 20, no. 3 (May 1993): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2845635.

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16

Tryon, Rolla. "Fern speciation and biogeography." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000008332.

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SynopsisThe most common kinds of speciation result in new species that initially have a small range. These will develop a limited or an extensive range depending upon the geographic extent of the environment to which they are adapted. A significant element in the extent of the potential range of a new species is the adaptation inherited from the parental species. Selection of a parental species for a local environment at one site can lead to a narrow ecological adaptation and often to a limited potential range. These species are likely to produce derived ones that also have a limited range, and these derivates will increase the regional species endemism and diversity. Selection of a parental species for migration to other sites can lead to a broader ecological adaptation and often to a broad potential range. These species are more likely to produce derived ones that also have an extensive range, and these derivates will increase regional species diversity.

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17

SÁNCHEZ-GONZÁLEZ, ARTURO, MARISOL GUTIÉRREZ-LOZANO, REYNA DOMÍNGUEZ YESCAS, ADRIANA GISELA HERNÁNDEZ-ÁLVAREZ, A. SALOMÉ ORTEGA-PEÑA, and J. ANTONIO VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA. "Magnolia zotictla (Magnolia sect. Macrophylla, Magnoliaceae): a new species from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental, México." Phytotaxa 513, no. 4 (August 9, 2021): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.513.4.1.

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A new species of Magnolia from the southern Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico, is described and illustrated, providing information about its habitat distribution, ecology, biogeography and conservation status. After 12 fieldwork expeditions near the border of the states of Hidalgo and Puebla, we have developed morphological, ecological and biogeographic data to support recognition of populations from Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo and Pahuatlán, Puebla as a distinct species of Magnolia sect. Macrophylla. A key to species of this section and a distribution map for Mexican taxa are provided. The species was assessed as critically endangered (CR).

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18

Pitteloud, Camille, Nils Arrigo, Tomasz Suchan, Alicia Mastretta-Yanes, Roger Vila, Vlad Dincă, Juan Hernández-Roldán, et al. "Climatic niche evolution is faster in sympatric than allopatric lineages of the butterfly genus Pyrgus." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1852 (April 12, 2017): 20170208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0208.

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Understanding how speciation relates to ecological divergence has long fascinated biologists. It is assumed that ecological divergence is essential to sympatric speciation, as a mechanism to avoid competition and eventually lead to reproductive isolation, while divergence in allopatry is not necessarily associated with niche differentiation. The impact of the spatial context of divergence on the evolutionary rates of abiotic dimensions of the ecological niche has rarely been explored for an entire clade. Here, we compare the magnitude of climatic niche shifts between sympatric versus allopatric divergence of lineages in butterflies. By combining next-generation sequencing, parametric biogeography and ecological niche analyses applied to a genus-wide phylogeny of Palaearctic Pyrgus butterflies, we compare evolutionary rates along eight climatic dimensions across sister lineages that diverged in large-scale sympatry versus allopatry. In order to examine the possible effects of the spatial scale at which sympatry is defined, we considered three sets of biogeographic assignments, ranging from narrow to broad definition. Our findings suggest higher rates of niche evolution along all climatic dimensions for sister lineages that diverge in sympatry, when using a narrow delineation of biogeographic areas. This result contrasts with significantly lower rates of climatic niche evolution found in cases of allopatric speciation, despite the biogeographic regions defined here being characterized by significantly different climates. Higher rates in allopatry are retrieved when biogeographic areas are too widely defined—in such a case allopatric events may be recorded as sympatric. Our results reveal the macro-evolutionary significance of abiotic niche differentiation involved in speciation processes within biogeographic regions, and illustrate the importance of the spatial scale chosen to define areas when applying parametric biogeographic analyses.

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19

Sanmartín, Isabel. "Biogeography: An Ecological and Evolutionary Approach, 7th edition." Systematic Biology 55, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150500541581.

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20

Liu, Yanxu, Bojie Fu, Shuai Wang, and Wenwu Zhao. "Global ecological regionalization: from biogeography to ecosystem services." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 33 (August 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.02.002.

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21

Rousseau, Denis-Didier. "Is causal ecological biogeography a progressive research program?" Quaternary Science Reviews 11, no. 5 (1992): 593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(92)90016-2.

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22

Pérez-Miranda, Fabian, Omar Mejia, Benjamín López, and Oldřich Říčan. "Molecular clocks, biogeography and species diversity in Herichthys with evaluation of the role of Punta del Morro as a vicariant brake along the Mexican Transition Zone in the context of local and global time frame of cichlid diversification." PeerJ 8 (April 29, 2020): e8818. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8818.

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Using molecular dated phylogenies and biogeographic reconstructions, the species diversity, biogeography and time frame of evolution of the genus Herichthys were evaluated. In particular, we test the role of Punta del Morro (PdM) as a vicariant brake along the Mexican Transition Zone in the context of local and global time frame of cichlid diversification using several sets of calibrations. Species diversity in Herichthys is complex and the here employed dating methods suggest young age and rapid divergence for many species while species delimitation methods did not resolve these young species including both sympatric species pairs. Based on our molecular clock dating analyses, Herichthys has colonized its present distribution area significantly prior to the suggested vicariance by PdM (10–17.1 Ma vs. 5 to 7.5 Ma). The PdM constraint is in conflict with all other paleogeographic and fossil constraints including novel ones introduced in this study that are, however, congruent among each other. Our study demonstrates that any cichlid datings significantly older or younger than the bounds presented by our analyses and discussion have to be taken as highly questionable from the point of view of Middle American paleogeography and cichlid biogeography unless we allow the option that cichlid biogeography is completely independent from ecological and geological constraints.

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23

Katinas, Liliana, and Jorge V. Crisci. "Agriculture Biogeography." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 42, no. 4 (May 22, 2018): 513–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133318776493.

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The challenge of increasing food production to keep pace with demand, while retaining the essential ecological integrity of production systems, requires coordinated action among science disciplines. Thus, 21st-century Agriculture should incorporate disciplines related to natural resources, environmental science, and life sciences. Biogeography, as one of those disciplines, provides a unique contribution because it can generate research ideas and methods that can be used to ameliorate this challenge, with the concept of relative space providing the conceptual and analytical framework within which data can be integrated, related, and structured into a whole. A new branch of Biogeography, Agriculture Biogeography, is proposed here and defined as the application of the principles, theories, and analyses of Biogeography to agricultural systems, including all human activities related to breeding or cultivation, mostly to provide goods and services. It not only encompasses the problem that land use seems scarcely to be compatible with biodiversity conservation, but also a substantial body of theory and analysis involving subjects not strictly related to conservation. Our aim is to define the field and scope of Agriculture Biogeography, set the foundations of a conceptual framework of the discipline, and present some subjects related to Agriculture Biogeography. We present, in summary form, a concept map which summarizes the relationship between agriculture systems and Biogeography, and delineates the current engagement between Agriculture and Biogeography through the discussion of some perspectives from Biogeography and from the agriculture research.

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24

Wollenberg Valero, Marshall, Bastiaans, Caccone, Camargo, Morando, Niemiller, et al. "Patterns, Mechanisms and Genetics of Speciation in Reptiles and Amphibians." Genes 10, no. 9 (August 26, 2019): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10090646.

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In this contribution, the aspects of reptile and amphibian speciation that emerged from research performed over the past decade are reviewed. First, this study assesses how patterns and processes of speciation depend on knowing the taxonomy of the group in question, and discuss how integrative taxonomy has contributed to speciation research in these groups. This study then reviews the research on different aspects of speciation in reptiles and amphibians, including biogeography and climatic niches, ecological speciation, the relationship between speciation rates and phenotypic traits, and genetics and genomics. Further, several case studies of speciation in reptiles and amphibians that exemplify many of these themes are discussed. These include studies of integrative taxonomy and biogeography in South American lizards, ecological speciation in European salamanders, speciation and phenotypic evolution in frogs and lizards. The final case study combines genomics and biogeography in tortoises. The field of amphibian and reptile speciation research has steadily moved forward from the assessment of geographic and ecological aspects, to incorporating other dimensions of speciation, such as genetic mechanisms and evolutionary forces. A higher degree of integration among all these dimensions emerges as a goal for future research.

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25

Tinaut, Alberto, and Francisca Ruano. "Biogeography of Iberian Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Diversity 13, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13020088.

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Ants are highly diverse in the Iberian Peninsula (IP), both in species richness (299 cited species) and in number of endemic species (72). The Iberian ant fauna is one of the richest in the broader Mediterranean region, it is similar to the Balkan Peninsula but lower than Greece or Israel, when species richness is controlled by the surface area. In this first general study on the biogeography of Iberian ants, we propose seven chorological categories for grouping thems. Moreover, we also propose eight biogeographic refugium areas, based on the criteria of “refugia-within-refugium” in the IP. We analysed species richness, occurrence and endemism in all these refugium areas, which we found to be significantly different as far as ant similarity was concerned. Finally, we collected published evidence of biological traits, molecular phylogenies, fossil deposits and geological processes to be able to infer the most probable centre of origin and dispersal routes followed for the most noteworthy ants in the IP. As a result, we have divided the Iberian myrmecofauna into four biogeographical groups: relict, Asian-IP disjunct, Baetic-Rifan and Alpine. To sum up, our results support biogeography as being a significant factor for determining the current structure of ant communities, especially in the very complex and heterogenous IP. Moreover, the taxonomic diversity and distribution patterns we describe in this study highlight the utility of Iberian ants for understanding the complex evolutionary history and biogeography of the Iberian Peninsula.

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26

Warren, Dan L., Nicholas J. Matzke, Marcel Cardillo, John B. Baumgartner, Linda J. Beaumont, Michael Turelli, Richard E. Glor, et al. "ENMTools 1.0: an R package for comparative ecological biogeography." Ecography 44, no. 4 (January 19, 2021): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05485.

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27

Steffen, Simone, Peter Ball, Ladislav Mucina, and Gudrun Kadereit. "Phylogeny, biogeography and ecological diversification of Sarcocornia (Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae)." Annals of Botany 115, no. 3 (January 23, 2015): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcu260.

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28

Baird, Helena P., Charlene Janion‐Scheepers, Mark I. Stevens, Rachel I. Leihy, and Steven L. Chown. "The ecological biogeography of indigenous and introduced Antarctic springtails." Journal of Biogeography 46, no. 9 (June 19, 2019): 1959–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13639.

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29

Keast, Allen. "An introductory ecological biogeography of the Australo-Pacific Meliphagidae." New Zealand Journal of Zoology 12, no. 4 (October 1985): 605–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1985.10428310.

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30

Korstjens, Amanda H., Julia Lehmann, and R. I. M. Dunbar. "Resting time as an ecological constraint on primate biogeography." Animal Behaviour 79, no. 2 (February 2010): 361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.11.012.

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31

Duellman, William E., and Eric R. Pianka. "Biogeography of Nocturnal Insectivores: Historical Events and Ecological Filters." Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 21, no. 1 (November 1990): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.21.110190.000421.

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32

Hafner, D. J., and R. M. Sullivan. "Historical and Ecological Biogeography of Nearctic Pikas (Lagomorpha: Ochotonidae)." Journal of Mammalogy 76, no. 2 (May 19, 1995): 302–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1382343.

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33

Van Dover, C. L. "Biogeography and Ecological Setting of Indian Ocean Hydrothermal Vents." Science 294, no. 5543 (September 13, 2001): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1064574.

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34

Haas, Gordon R., and J. D. McPhail. "The post-Wisconsinan glacial biogeography of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus): a multivariate morphometric approach for conservation biology and management." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, no. 11 (November 1, 2001): 2189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f01-139.

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Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) can quantitatively partition historical and ecological information from morphometric data where these features are otherwise confounded. CCA is applied to sample site locality morphometric data and corresponding sample site locality coordinate data for bull trout. Two vectors result. The first accounts for the maximum morphometric variation correlated to geographic information specified by the locality coordinates. The second represents the remaining less correlated variation. For biogeography, the first vector generates historical hypotheses for Pleistocene glacial refugia and for post-Wisconsinan glacial recolonization patterns and phylogeographic relationships. The second vector infers hypotheses for broad ecological patterns. The historical biogeographic patterns for bull trout suggest recolonization from either two or three glacial refugia and emphasize within-species biodiversity in western North America. These patterns from the Chehalis and Columbia refugia are largely concordant with other analyses based on molecular genetics. The morphometric analysis also suggests the additional possibility of a Nahanni and (or) Bering refugium. The ecological patterns suggest the importance and extent of anadromy and migration within these historical groups and how this may have affected postglacial recolonization, present distributions, and life histories.

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35

Kay, M. K. "Linking biosecurity and biogeography." New Zealand Plant Protection 62 (August 1, 2009): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4778.

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The unfathomable complexity of species interactions within biological systems tempts us to impose tidy concepts in an effort to predict or explain how ecosystems react to perturbation through species extinction or invasion The Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography (ETIB) contends that islands are inherently at risk of both invasion and extinction of species The appealing logic of the ETIB and a general consensus that biodiversity is linked to ecosystem resilience ie that the loss of biodiversity will result in a loss of ecosystem stability have been cemented into mainstream ecology However the biodiversity ecosystem resilience debate is far from resolved The ETIB treats species as empirical entities and takes no account of how species interactions evolve to determine the way ecosystems function The Island Resource Allocation (IRA) hypothesis offers a testable alternative explanation of how ecosystems function and could be considered by biosecurity agencies in assessing ecological risk of introduced species

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Ung, Lawson, Paulo J. M. Bispo, Noelle C. Bryan, Camille Andre, James Chodosh, and Michael S. Gilmore. "The Best of All Worlds: Streptococcus pneumoniae Conjunctivitis through the Lens of Community Ecology and Microbial Biogeography." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010046.

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The study of the forces which govern the geographical distributions of life is known as biogeography, a subject which has fascinated zoologists, botanists and ecologists for centuries. Advances in our understanding of community ecology and biogeography—supported by rapid improvements in next generation sequencing technology—have now made it possible to identify and explain where and why life exists as it does, including within the microbial world. In this review, we highlight how a unified model of microbial biogeography, one which incorporates the classic ecological principles of selection, diversification, dispersion and ecological drift, can be used to explain community dynamics in the settings of both health and disease. These concepts operate on a multiplicity of temporal and spatial scales, and together form a powerful lens through which to study microbial population structures even at the finest anatomical resolutions. When applied specifically to curious strains of conjunctivitis-causing, nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae, we show how this conceptual framework can be used to explain the possible evolutionary and disease-causing mechanisms which allowed these lineages to colonize and invade a separate biogeography. An intimate knowledge of this radical bifurcation in phylogeny, still the only known niche subspecialization for S. pneumoniae to date, is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of ocular surface infections, nature of host-pathogen interactions, and developing strategies to curb disease transmission.

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Young, Kenneth R. "Biogeography of the Anthropocene." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 40, no. 1 (August 31, 2015): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133315598724.

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The past and present impacts of humans on the biosphere have altered many ecological and evolutionary processes. One of the most dramatic set of examples comes from domestication, which has transformed species, landscapes, and socioeconomic systems over the last 30 millennia. Recent research driven by advances in molecular biology and information sciences, and enriched by whole genome analyses of the main plant and animal domesticates, is now able to elucidate obscure phylogenetic relationships complicated by past hybridization and chromosome rearrangements. These methods also reveal information on the historical events that converted wild species into useful, and in some cases, codependent taxa. A further set of human-domesticate interactions produces the great diversification behind the origin and maintenance of numerous crop landraces, fruit and vegetable variants, and animal breeds. Fashion, taste preferences, and familial dynamics are some of the additional factors involved beyond usefulness that collectively result in human-caused artificial selection. Domestication is an important dimension to consider in understanding the biogeographical implications of the Anthropocene.

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Rubal, Marcos, Paulo Fontoura, and Puri Veiga. "New Records of Marine Tardigrades (Arthotardigrada) from the Iberian Peninsula: Biogeographical Implications." Diversity 15, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020210.

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Biogeography patterns of marine tardigrades are poorly studied. Many species of marine tardigrades are considered endemic, but this high number may be an artifact resulting from skewed knowledge about marine tardigrade diversity in different regions of the world. On the other hand, some species of marine tardigrades are considered cosmopolitan. Most of these were described many years ago. Unfortunately, these early descriptions are very incomplete and omit many characteristics with diagnostically relevant value, thus, resulting in many types of these records of these species worldwide. The objective of this study is to report, for the first time, the presence of three species of marine tardigrades in the Atlantic shores of the Iberian Peninsula. These three species were previously described from other regions of the world and the biogeographic consequences of their presence on the study area are discussed. These records provide valuable insights about the biogeography of marine tardigrades in this region.

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HOBERG, E. P., and G. J. KLASSEN. "Revealing the faunal tapestry: co-evolution and historical biogeography of hosts and parasites in marine systems." Parasitology 124, no. 7 (October 2002): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002001841.

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Parasites are integral components of marine ecosystems, a general observation accepted by parasitologists, but often considered of trifling significance to the broader community of zoologists. Parasites, however, represent elegant tools to explore the origins, distribution and maintenance of biodiversity. Among these diverse assemblages, host and geographic ranges described by various helminths are structured and historically constrained by genealogical and ecological associations that can be revealed and evaluated using phylogenetic methodologies within the context of frameworks and hypotheses for co-evolution and historical biogeography. Despite over 200 years of sporadic investigations of helminth systematics, knowledge of parasite faunal diversity in chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fishes, seabirds and marine mammals remains to be distilled into a coherent and comprehensive picture that can be assessed using phylogenetic approaches. Phylogenetic studies among complex host–parasite assemblages that encompass varying temporal and geographic scales are the critical context for elucidating biodiversity and faunal structure, and for identifying historical and contemporary determinants of ecological organization and biogeographic patterns across the marine biosphere. Insights from phylogenetic inference indicate (1) the great age of marine parasite faunas; (2) a significant role for colonization in diversification across a taxonomic continuum at deep and relatively recent temporal scales; and (3) a primary role for allopatric speciation. Integration of ecological and phylogenetic knowledge from the study of parasites is synergistic, contributing substantial insights into the history and maintenance of marine systems.

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Johnson, Clifford. "BIOGEOGRAPHY AND HABITATS OF PONERA EXOTICA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)." Journal of Entomological Science 22, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-22.4.358.

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Ponera exotica is interpreted as a native North America ant rather than an introduced exotic, based on new and earlier distributional and ecological data. Collections reveal a marked patchy distribution and a likely subterranean existence.

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BICKERSTAFF, JAMES R. M., SHANNON S. SMITH, DEBORAH S. KENT, ROGER A. BEAVER, AINSLEY E. SEAGO, and MARKUS RIEGLER. "A review of the distribution and host plant associations of the platypodine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae) of Australia, with an electronic species identification key." Zootaxa 4894, no. 1 (December 8, 2020): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4894.1.3.

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Ambrosia beetles (Platypodinae and some Scolytinae) are ecologically and economically important weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) that develop within the sapwood and heartwood of woody plants, and their larval and adult stages are dependent on fungal symbionts. Platypodinae mostly occur in tropical and subtropical biomes, with a few species occurring in temperate regions. Australia has 44 recorded platypodine species including 13 species which may only have been intercepted at or near ports of entries and are without established populations in Australia. The host tree associations and biogeography of Australian Platypodinae are largely undocumented, and no comprehensive identification key exists. Here, we review species records, host tree associations, biogeographic distributions, and morphological characteristics of Australian Platypodinae. For this, we examined collection specimens, monographs, catalogues, taxonomic inventories, journal articles and online databases, and developed an electronic LUCID identification key for 36 species recorded in Australia. This review and identification key will be a valuable resource for forestry managers and biosecurity officers and will support diagnostics and future research of these beetles, their biology, and ecological interactions.

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Adams, Byron, Diana Wall, Ross Virginia, Emma Broos, and Matthew Knox. "Ecological Biogeography of the Terrestrial Nematodes of Victoria Land, Antarctica." ZooKeys 419 (June 24, 2014): 29–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.419.7180.

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Bunting, M. Jane. "Book Review: Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach (sixth edition)." Holocene 10, no. 5 (July 2000): 667–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968360001000517.

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Harrison, Carolyn. "Book Review: Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach, sixth edition." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 24, no. 4 (December 2000): 616–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913330002400411.

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Kent, Martin. "Book Review: Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach (seventh edition)." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 30, no. 1 (January 2006): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913330603000110.

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Egerton, Frank N. "History of Ecological Sciences, Part 61C: Marine Biogeography, 1690s-1940s." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 100, no. 1 (January 2019): e01486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bes2.1486.

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Sonntag, Bettina, Daniela Frantal, Barbara Kammerlander, Tatyana Darienko, Sabine Filker, Thorsten Stoeck, Michael Gruber, and Thomas Pröschold. "Widespread Occurrence of Two Planktonic Ciliate Species (Urotricha, Prostomatida) Originating from High Mountain Lakes." Diversity 14, no. 5 (May 4, 2022): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14050362.

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Ciliates of the genus Urotricha are widely distributed and occur in almost any freshwater body. Thus far, almost all species have been described from morphology only. Here, we applied an integrative approach on the morphology, molecular phylogeny and biogeography of two species isolated from high mountain lakes in the Central Alps, Austria. As these remote lakes are known to have water temperatures <15 °C, our hypothesis was that these urotrichs might prefer ‘cold’ environments. We studied the morphological details from living and silver-stained individuals, and their molecular sequences (ribosomal operon, ITS), and screened available datasets for their biogeography. The two Urotricha species resembled morphological features of several congeners. An accurate species assignment was difficult due to several overlapping characteristics. However, we tentatively attributed the investigated species to Urotricha nais and Urotricha globosa. The biogeographic analyses revealed their occurrence in Europe, Africa and Asia, and no correlations to (cold) temperatures were found. Our findings suggest that these two urotrichs, originating from two cold and remote habitats, are probably cryptic species well adapted to their harsh environment.

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Jablonski, David, Karl W. Flessa, and James W. Valentine. "Biogeography and paleobiology." Paleobiology 11, no. 1 (1985): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300011416.

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In the past decade paleobiologists have applied the techniques of both ecological and historical biogeography, although vicariance/cladistic approaches have as yet had minimal impact. The traditional focus of paleobiogeographic study has been the province, a statistical entity defined by clusters of range endpoints of individual taxa. The study of such provinces has been useful in inferring past continental positions (although ambiguities remain that must be resolved using independent geological criteria) and in understanding the role of past global geographies in regulating biotic diversity through changes in the numbers and extent of provinces. This approach can be complemented by the treatment of geographic ranges of taxa as irreducible or emergent traits with far-reaching evolutionary effects upward and downward within a genealogical hierarchy. Temperature tolerances in benthic marine organisms appear to be by-products of selection for enzyme structures imparting favorable activity levels within the normal temperature range rather than direct products of selection for resistance to temperature extremes. Thus geographic range endpoints, which are also influenced by dispersal capability and the resulting scale of gene flow among disjunct populations, are not direct products of selection. However, the magnitudes of geographic ranges of species and clades behave as emergent properties and significantly influence taxonomic survivorship during background and mass extinctions in ways that are not extrapolations of effects at lower hierarchical levels. Biogeography shapes macroevolutionary patterns of origination and extinction during times of normal, background extinction and mass extinction. Preferential extinction among regions or among endemic rather than widespread clades can result in strong biases in the nature of the survivors of mass extinctions, with taxa being lost not because of selection against attributes of individual organisms but because of higher-order patterns of geographic selectivity.

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Malanson, George P., and Robert K. Peet. "Foundational biogeography: Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains (Ecological Monographs, 26: 1–80, 1956), by Robert H. Whittaker." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 44, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133319897409.

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A seminal paper in biogeography is reviewed. Whittaker’s 1956 paper in Ecological Monographs introduced gradient analysis as a conceptual framework. This approach replaced community classification as the preferred methodology among US ecologists and biogeographers. It later developed into the foundation for species distribution modeling. Although the paper underlies a continuing rift between US and European scientists, both groups recognize its importance for relating ecological processes to geographical patterns.

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DELGADO, JUAN D., RODRIGO RIERA, RICARDO A. RODRÍGUEZ, PABLO GONZÁLEZ-MORENO, and JOSÉ MARÍA FERNÁNDEZ-PALACIOS. "A reappraisal of the role of humans in the biotic disturbance of islands." Environmental Conservation 44, no. 4 (April 12, 2017): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892917000236.

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SUMMARYTraditionally, islands have been used as ecological and biogeographical models because of their assumed ecological simplicity, reduced ecosystem size and isolation. The vast number of Earth's oceanic islands play a key role in maintaining global biodiversity and serve as a rich source of evolutionary novelty. Research into the factors determining diversity patterns on islands must disentangle natural phenomena from anthropogenic causes of habitat transformation, interruption and enhancement of biological fluxes and species losses and gains in these geographically and ecologically limited environments. The anthropogenic ecological forcing of communication through global transport has profound implications regarding island–continent links. Anthropogenic disturbances along continental margins and insular coasts contribute to shaping island biotas in ecological time, but also have evolutionary consequences of global resonance. Patterns of human landscape and resource use (geographical space and ecological communities and species), as well as increasing ecological connectivity of oceanic islands and mainland, are chief driving forces in island biogeography that should be reappraised. Global indirect effects of human activities (i.e. climate change) may also affect islands and interact with these processes. We review the implications of direct and indirect anthropogenic disturbances on island biotic patterns, focusing on island size, isolation and introduced exotic species, as well as the unsettled issue of oceanic island ecological vulnerability.

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