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Journal articles on the topic 'Ecological farming'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Lustigová, L., and P. Kušková. "Ecological footprint in the organic farming system ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 11 (February 17, 2012): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5057-agricecon.

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This text aims to introduce the results of the ecological footprint (EF) calculations in the system of organic agriculture (OA). The EF is an alternative indicator of the human activity impact on the environment. It is not calculated in monetary units but in hectares as an area needed for resourcing certain production or activity. OA is an agricultural system which respects natural cycles in ecosystems. It is based on old traditions and nowadays, with regard to environmental degradation, comes again forward. The text contains as well the results of some other researches studying mainly energy consumption in agriculture, which is further converted into the EF. The results, however, need to be compared very carefully, since the procedures of calculations as well as the organic farming rules in various countries or particular farms conditions and quality of input data of the mentioned studies may significantly differ. The authors cite them mainly because of illustrative reasons.  
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2

El Titi, Adel. "Integrated Farming: an Ecological Farming Approach in European Agriculture." Outlook on Agriculture 21, no. 1 (March 1992): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709202100106.

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European agriculture operates in challenging times as it faces uncertainties arising from economic, political, environmental and other pressures. In the arable sector, there are serious problems associated with overproduction and declining farm incomes as well as concerns about species decline and the pollution of ground and surface waters by agrochemicals. Such issues are forcing a fundamental re-orientation in agriculture. An Integrated Farming System (IFS) is identified as a most promising approach. It integrates natural regulatory components into farming activities with the aim of replacing purchased off-farm inputs, whilst maintaining farm income. Farm-scale trials across Europe indicate positive benefits of IFS. Yield potential does not deteriorate, agrochemical inputs are reduced and several agroecosystem components are enhanced without losses in financial returns. This paper discusses developments in IFS, together with possible technology transfer systems, in the context of the new, environmentally-orientated CEC-agropolicy to achieve sustainable agriculture in Europe.
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3

Némethová, Jana, Alena Dubcová, Ľudmila Nagyová, and Hilda Kramáreková. "Ecological Farming in Slovakia and Its Regional Disparities." European Countryside 9, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 746–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0042.

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Abstract The paper points at the origin and development of ecological farming in Slovakia from 1991 to 2015. As the positive aspect of this period can be considered the increasing area of ecologically farmed agricultural land, as well as increasing number of farmers and a slight increase in the number of processors of ecological production. The increased interest of farmers in ecological farming on land occurred mainly after Slovakia's accession to the EU. The next part of the paper is dedicated to the regional disparities in ecological production at NUTS III (Slovak regions). To analyze spatial disparities at the regional level, we used the most widely applied statistical methods - standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The largest localization of ecological production is in northern Slovakia - in Žilina and Prešov region, in central Slovakia in Banská Bystrica region. In these regions, there are higher acreage of ecological farmland. Despite the slight increase of processors of ecological produce, they still lack in Slovakia. Processors of ecological products operate mainly in the regions of western and eastern Slovakia and north of the country. With the lack of ecological production, there is relatively underdeveloped distribution of products of ecological production and its lower consumption in the domestic market. Offers of bio-products is relatively low and weak competitive environment does not create the pressure to still reduce still high prices of ecological production.
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4

Blake, Katharine V., Enrico A. Cardamone, Steven D. Hall, Glenn R. Harris, and Susan M. Moore. "Modern Amish farming as ecological agriculture." Society & Natural Resources 10, no. 2 (March 1997): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941929709381015.

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5

Friedman, Avi. "Farming in Suburbia." Open House International 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2007-b0002.

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Once considered the ‘last frontier’, post World War II perception of a limitless North American landscape directed development into country lands. Even an apparently boundless landscape, however, had a limit. This became increasingly clear in the second half of the 20th century as suburban sprawl covered over once-fertile agricultural lands. Ecological, environmental, and social relations were negatively affected by the new residential planning pattern. Yet, positive changes can still be brought about, especially in the suburbs that border cultivated areas. This paper outlines the processes necessary for the development of sustainable suburban agriculture that can be integrated into new communities. The concepts demonstrated here can reunite ecological, economical, and social factors, which are demonstrated in a "real" project design by a team headed by the author that supports farming in a suburban Montreal, Canada, setting.
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Wang, Hai Chao, Hong Yan Liao, and Hong Ling Chen. "Tenebrio Small-Scale Ecological Farming Feasibility Study." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.267.

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Highest types of animal and plant nutrients Tenebrio first. In this paper, the development prospects of Tenebrio breeding, breeding advantage, farming techniques, market potential and project economic and ecological benefits in areas such as comprehensive analysis. The results showed that: Tenebrio farming is a small investment, quick, easy breeding, no pollution, good economic returns, eco-efficient, farmers can get rich quick good project.
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7

Szép, Attila. "Possibilities of ecological farming in the North Great Plain Region." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 22 (May 23, 2006): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/22/3194.

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Agriculture plays a significant role in the North Great Plain Region. Organic farming is a sustainable farming method controlled by regulations. Active environmental protection and conservation play significant roles in organic farming, along with food quality and safety, originality and the monitoring of products. Organic farming offers opportunities to create employment, social safety and high profitability. As a result of these characteristics, organic farming could become one of the most important means of developing our region in the future.
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8

Mulyono, Joko, Setia Hadi, and Khursatul Munibah. "Improved Profits and Wetland Paddy Farming Scale as the Leading Commodity in Agro ecological Zones." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 17, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v17i1.1691.

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This study aims to analyze the feasibility of paddy farming as the leading commodity according agro-ecological zones (AEZ), increase in net profit and the scale of farming. The study was conducted at the location of the paddy fileds as leading commodity and non-leading commodity Bantul Regency in 2015. The feasibility of farming analyzed by revenue and cost ratio (R/C), the increase in profits was analyzed with an increase in net profit (NKB) and the scale of farming analyzed by determining the break even point of production (TIP) or break even point of price (TIH). The results showed that paddy farming as the leading commodity according agro ecological zones in Bantul is feasible and more optimal (R/C 2.17) than the non leading commodity (R/C 1.99). Paddy farming as the leading commodity according agro ecological zones can raise the net profit (NKB 1.13). Paddy farming as the leading commodity according agro ecological zones can provide benefits if the production is at least 2,729 kg/ha or the price is at least Rp. 1,643/kg.
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9

Gór, Arnold, and Zsolt Hollósy. "Precision Farming as an Ecological Approach to Production?" Economica 7, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47282/economica/2014/7/1/4302.

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Ecology is ot en suppressed compared to produci vity, which makes us believe that economy is more important than ecology. With the growth of social need for traceability, food safety and food security, the trend is to turn away from conveni onal technologies. The ecological approaches all must cope with signifi cant loss of yield, which hinders their wide applicai on. Precision farming can be an opi on for the management to keep the high yield levels and decrease inputs at the same i me. The authors analyse, according to primary and secondary sources, precision farming compared to conveni onal and ecological farming to see the advantages and drawbacks of the diff erent technologies.
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Gór, Arnold, and Zsolt Hollósy. "Precision Farming as an Ecological Approach to Production?" Economica 7, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47282/economica/2014/7/1/4302.

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Ecology is ot en suppressed compared to produci vity, which makes us believe that economy is more important than ecology. With the growth of social need for traceability, food safety and food security, the trend is to turn away from conveni onal technologies. The ecological approaches all must cope with signifi cant loss of yield, which hinders their wide applicai on. Precision farming can be an opi on for the management to keep the high yield levels and decrease inputs at the same i me. The authors analyse, according to primary and secondary sources, precision farming compared to conveni onal and ecological farming to see the advantages and drawbacks of the diff erent technologies.
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11

Shekihachev, Yu A. "Conceptual and methodological bases for the protection of soils of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic from water and wind erosion." REPORTS ADYGE (CIRCASSIAN) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 20, no. 2 (2020): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2020-20-2-78-85.

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The article analyzes the ecological state of soil resources of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The conceptual and methodological foundations of the protection of the republic's soils from water and wind erosion, the basic principles of the formation of an adaptive ecological-landscape farming system, the implementation of which will allow the formation of ecologically balanced and highly productive adaptive soil-protective agricultural landscapes, have been formulated.
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12

Thayyib, Magfirah. "The Ecological Insight of the Bunga’ Lalang Rice Farming Tradition in Luwu Society, South Sulawesi, Indonesia." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 140–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2021-0008.

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Abstract The ecological insights of local farming traditions have the potential to be adapted to modern agricultural practices. The article presents an exploration of the ecological insights of the bunga’ lalang rice farming tradition in the Luwu society, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Four rituals of the tradition were observed directly during their performance, followed by interviews with eleven figures including the ritual masters. Each ritual of the bunga’ lalang tradition was treated as a discourse and the meanings of the biological elements are extracted to generate ecological knowledge that is biologically logical and compatible with modern scientific knowledge in rice farming.
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13

Szumigała, Paweł, and Karolina Szumigała. "Urban Farming – The Ecological, Spatial and Social Factors of Urban Landscape Transformation." Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2018-0016.

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AbstractSubject and purpose of work: The subject of the study is urban farming and examples of urban gardens built in selected cities in North America and Europe. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of urban farming on urban landscape. Materials and methods: A case study - analysis of the ecological, spatial and social aspects of selected examples. Results: The idea of urban farming is gaining popularity and every year there are more urban gardens in cities in North America and Europe. There are several dozen urban gardens in Poland. Their structure is diversified so as to meet the needs of local communities. The character and scale of urban farming is diversified. These gardens satisfy aesthetic, scenic, ecological, social and even economic needs of small communities. They enrich the urban landscape with new, seasonally changeable enclaves of utility and aesthetic greenery. Conclusions: Urban farming is an ecological, social and spatial factor and a favourable alternative to urban landscape transformations. The development of urban farming should be successively supported by local authorities.
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14

Hutter, Hans-Peter, Michael Poteser, Kathrin Lemmerer, Peter Wallner, Shifra Shahraki Sanavi, Michael Kundi, Hanns Moshammer, and Lisbeth Weitensfelder. "Indicators of Genotoxicity in Farmers and Laborers of Ecological and Conventional Banana Plantations in Ecuador." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041435.

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Banana farming represents an important segment of agricultural production in Ecuador. The health of farmworkers might be compromised by the extensive use of pesticides in plantations applied under poorly regulated conditions. Due to an increased awareness of pesticide-related problems for nature, as well as for worker and consumer health, ecological farming has been established in some plantations of Ecuador. We set out to investigate the occupational health of workers in both conventional and ecological farming. Nuclear anomalies in buccal epithelial cells were used as short-term indicators for genotoxicity and a potentially increased cancer risk in the two groups of farmworkers. By application of the Buccal Micronucleus Cytome Assay (BMCA), we found the frequency of micronuclei in conventional pesticide using farmworkers significantly increased by 2.6-fold, and other nuclear anomalies significantly increased by 24% to 80% (except pyknosis with a non-significant increase of 11%) compared to the farmworkers on ecological plantations. These results demonstrate that ecological farming may provide an alternative to extensive pesticide use with significantly reduced indicators of cancer risk. In conventional farming, improvements in education and instruction regarding the safe handling of pesticides and protective equipment, as well as regulatory measures, are urgently needed.
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15

Vogeler, Colette S., Malte Möck, Nils C. Bandelow, and Boris Schröder. "Livestock Farming at the Expense of Water Resources? The Water–Energy–Food Nexus in Regions with Intensive Livestock Farming." Water 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 2330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112330.

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Policymaking in the water–energy–food nexus is characterized by complex ecological, social, and economic interdependencies. Nexus research assumes these interactions to be overseen in the respective resource governance resulting in sectoral perspectives contributing to unsustainable outcomes. In Germany, the political priority given to the formation of an internationally competitive livestock sector by means of intensification, specialization and regional concentration has exerted sustained pressure on water and soil resources. The expansion of bioenergy plants promoted by the renewable energy act has exacerbated the situation. Despite the persistency of the ecological challenges, German policymakers only reacted when the European Commission referred Germany to the European Court of Justice. Current policy efforts to tackle the ecological problems are now provoking disruptions in the agrarian sector in regions with high nitrate concentrations in water resources. By combining the social-ecological systems framework with hypotheses derived from nexus research, we explore the interactions between food, water and energy systems and aim at understanding the unsustainable outcomes. We argue that the non-consideration of the complex interdependencies between the agricultural, the water and the energy system in policymaking and the divergence of policy goals constitute a major cause of unsustainable governance.
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16

Urošević, Milivoje, Ersoy Nilda, Petar Stojić, and Darko Drobnjak. "Basic principles of organic goat farming." Veterinarska stanica 51, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.1.9.

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Organic farming, as an ecologically acceptable production method based on natural processes and the use of organic and natural materials, is becoming increasingly popular in Serbia. In addition to “organic”, this type of production is also commonly called “ecological” or “biological”. The objectives of organic agriculture are to maintain and increase fertility of the land, suppress land erosion, conserve biodiversity, protect natural resources from pollution and produce foods of high nutritional value. In organizing organic livestock production, priority is given to native (indigenous) breeds adapted to local growing conditions and resistant to diseases. Organic production, which is an integral part of the sustainable agriculture system, does not permit the use of protective and nutraceuticals of synthetic chemical origin and synthetic drugs, growth regulators, hormones and GMOs. Despite the common, classical means of goat farming, in recent years there has been increasing interest to change typical farming methods to introduce “Bio” systems, i.e. biologically clean farming methods. Such production methods result in products free of the chemicals that are common in numerous substances used in common production methods. Animal welfare is always a high priority in organic production. Primarily, animals should be provided with conditions for growth and development that are in compliance with their genetic potential. This implies respecting their physiological and ecological needs, and ensuring conditions to express their natural functions and behaviour. In order to start and later organize such production, certain conditions must be met. The appropriate, accredited institutions are responsible for ensuring that the required conditions are met and that production is in line with the principles of biological production. Holdings meeting the requirements of biological production receive the appropriate certificate. Today organic production in the EU is regulated by the EEC Directive 2092/91, and its amendments.
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Djaja, Irba, P. Purwanto, H. R. Sunoko, and Muslihudin Muslihudin. "The Analysis of Ecological Footprint at Farming Production Centre Cluster of MIFEE Program in Merauke Papua." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912502011.

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The heading Ecological footprint is one of the methods developed to respond sustainable development issue expected to measure the availability and usage of natural resources affecting the ecology of environment. The purpose of this study is to count the value of ecological footprint at Farming Production Centre Merauke through the supply and demand approach based on GFN (Global Footprint Network) and count the capacity of environment. The method used was Global Footprint Network, and counting capacity method. The results of ecological footprint counting was 29.9536 gha/inhabitant and the value of bio-capacity (supply) was gha/inhabitant, so the ecology (environmental support) value was 1,1936gha/inhabitant. The results show that the Farming Production Centre is categorized into ecological surplus and the capacity is 36,8964inhabitants/ ha. The value shows that the environment and ecosystem condition in the development area of Farming Production Centre in Merauke, Merauke Integrated Food and Energy Estate, is able to accommodate the needs and support the people living in the area (ecological debt).
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18

Vogtmann, H. "From Healthy Soil to Healthy Food: An Analysis of the Quality of Food Produced under Contrasting Agricultural Systems." Nutrition and Health 6, no. 1 (January 1988): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010608800600103.

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Studies under controlled experimental conditions show a clear advantage for staple food grown under biological/ecological farming conditions as compared to those from conventional farming methods. This is especially true for the vegetative parts of plant products, where lower undesirable (e.g. nitrates) and higher desirable (e.g. vit.C, trace elements) components are present. A better storage quality of plant products (e.g. cabbage, carrots) is also frequently the consequence of biological/ecological farming practices. An overall significantly lower level of residues of agrochemicals has been demonstrated in such products. It is increasingly noticeable, that especially in Central Western Europe, consumers are not exclusively interested in “healthier” food for themselves but also in an healthy environment. This is one of the important reasons, why they are interested in buying food from biological/ecological farming systems and why they are prepared to pay higher prices for such products.
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Augustyniuk-Kram, Anna. "Rolnictwo ekologiczne a właściwości gleby i jej różnorodność biologiczna." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2012): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2012.10.1.03.

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This review deals with the influence of organic farming, as well as with the effects the conversion of conventional to ecological farming systems have had on the quality of soil and biodiversity. Organic farming is defined as a system in which crop and animal production must be balanced, and all means of production needed for plant and animal breeding are produced within the farm. Organic farming prohibits the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers, therefore is widely perceived as being more environmentally friendly than conventional farming. Organic farming is also identified with the production of high-quality food, with the improvement of animal welfare, as well as associated with rural development. This type of farming aims to sustain the quality and fertility of the soil and to maintain key ecological soil functions. The presented overview shows that organic farming leads to higher soil quality and more biological activity in soil than conventional farming. A growing number of studies also show that organic farming can have a positive effect on ecosystems by increasing biological diversity and by a diversification of the agricultural landscape. This is to prevent the loss of the natural habitat of many wild plant and animal species.
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Volosciuc, L. "The biological preparations for plant protection in organic farming." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 64 (November 19, 2018): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2018.64.235-247.

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Consider new directions for biotechnology, creating conditions for the development of chemical and biological plant protection, their rational levels and proportions. The article aimed to present the problems of plant protection in ecological agriculture, using the possibilities of modern biotechnology. Application traditional technologies demonstrate indispensable contradiction between the plant protection requirements condition and the need to preserve environment. The systemic approach of relations between crop and pests opens new possibilities in researching biocenotic relationships within ecosystems and halting spending growth trends directed to plant protection. Parting from the aggravation of ecological situation and taking into account the achievements in the field of biological plant protection, in the Republic of Moldova consistent measures have been undertaken in the direction of ecological agriculture promotion. For solving of plant protection problems were developed biotechnological processes of production and application of an impressive range of biological means, which is used for conventional and organic agriculture. The main legislative documents (Low No 115 from 2005 concerning the ecological agriculture, Government decision No 149 from 2006 concerning its implementation, a series of regulations) have been adopted. The results relative to production organization, processing and marketing of ecological products are being registered, but a series of the technological problems remains which are waiting their solution.
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GORB, Oleg, Ilona YASNOLOB, Tetyana CHAYKA, Oleksii ZORIA, Tetyana DUGAR, Pavel SHVEDENKO, Oleksandr KALIAN, Yevheniia LYPII, and Nataliia PROTSIUK. "Ecological-Agrochemical Land Evaluation and Classification under Organic Farming." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 6 (September 13, 2020): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v11.6(46).29.

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In modern economic conditions, economic components must be based on environmental components, especially for agricultural production, which ensures economic and food security of the country. Therefore, management system of agricultural enterprises has to be supplemented with environmental and agro-chemical components in order to improve and increase soil quality. The peculiarities of ecological agrochemical farm lands’ evaluation and certification in Ukraine were considered in the article. Their necessity for farmlands used for manufacturing organic raw materials and products was determined. Land classification and characteristics according to the degree of suitability for manufacturing organic products and raw materials are given: suitable, limited suitable, unsuitable lands. Indices of soil suitability for organic farming and their standards have been studied, namely: humus content; topsoil depth; particle size distribution; reaction of soil solution; the sum of absorbed bases (Ca + Mg); soil density; the content of mobile compounds of phosphorus, potassium, micro- elements, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, nitrogen by nitrification power and mobile sulfur in the soil. Emphasis is placed on land suitability for organic farming, as important direction of agricultural production eco-balance. Agro-technological measures to improve ecological and agro-chemical condition of the soil used in organic farming are presented, considering sanitary-hygienic condition of the soil, its ecological stability and agro-chemical soil fertility. Interdependence and responsibility of farmers for soil condition as a result of their economic activities, the expediency of forecasting possible contamination of crops grown in the future have been mentioned. It is emphasized that the received information is entered into the ecological passport of farms, which implies the manufacturing of organic crop growing and livestock farming products at the level of world standards. The influence of ecological-agrochemical condition of land under organic farming on the quality of raw materials and products was determined. Forecasting the quality of organic farm products and raw materials according to their biological full-value condition and environmental safety is carried out by assessing the groups of indicators: qualitative assessment of farm’s soil; ecological and agro-chemical certification of farm lands; environmental impact assessments of farming system and technologies of crop cultivation; ecological and agro-chemical assessment of lands for growing organic farm raw materials and products. Emphasis is placed on social responsibility of agricultural manufactures for products and soil quality. Thus, it is necessary to improve soil quality in Ukraine by introducing organic farming, which will ensure land management stabilization and strengthen their adaptability and enable to grow high-quality organic farm raw materials and products.
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Liang, Weili. "Farming systems as an approach to agro-ecological engineering." Ecological Engineering 11, no. 1-4 (October 1998): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8574(98)00042-1.

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23

Dalsgaard, J. P. T., C. Lightfoot, and V. Christensen. "Towards quantification of ecological sustainability in farming systems analysis." Ecological Engineering 4, no. 3 (April 1995): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8574(94)00057-c.

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24

Naumova, Avietta, Aleksandr Labenets, and Galina Pronina. "Fish health protection in fish farming using ecological methods." Fisheries 2021, no. 2 (April 9, 2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37663/0131-6184-2021-2-72-77.

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The epizootic state of fish farms and the applied anti-epizootic measures, supplemented by environmental techniques that increase the protection of fish health and the efficiency of fish farming, are presented.
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Porhajašová, Jana, Jaroslav Noskovič, Alena Rakovská, Mária Babošová, and Terézia Čeryová. "Biodiversity And Dynamics Of Occurence Of Epigeic Groups In Different Types Of Farming." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotectuare 18, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ahr-2015-0002.

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Abstract The aim of this work was to determine and compare the occurrence of epigeic groups in two methods of farming, ecological one and integrated one. The research was conducte in the locality Nitra – Dolná Malanta in the years 2013 and 2014. The monitoring locality is situated in the south-western part of Slovakia, in altitude 175–180 m on highly productive soils. For the collection of biological material, the earth traps method was applied, used during the vegetation period (from April to October), within both farming systems, at Hordeum sativum, Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba undersowing with Medicago sativa. In canopy of these crops, two soil traps were installed, renewed in monthly intervals. The total of 7,722 exemplars of epigeic groups was obtained, of which 4,355 exemplars were in ecological farming and 3,367 exemplars in integrated farming system. In both treatments, 19 epigeic groups were determined, with dominant abundance of Coleoptera, Collembola, Acarina, Araneae. Also other groups such as Diplopoda, Heteroptera, Chilopoda etc. were observed in lower occurrence. Based on the evaluation of influence of the crop in terms of the occurrence of epigeic groups, the most suitable conditions created Vicia faba with undersowing Medicago sativa (integrated farming) and Triticum aestivum (ecological farming). On the basis of calculated indexes, both farming systems can be evaluated as homeostatically balanced, providing present epigeic groups with topical and trophic conditions.
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Zhang, Siyu, Weiyan Hu, Jiaojiao Zhang, Mengran Li, and Qingying Zhu. "Mismatches in Suppliers’ and Demanders’ Cognition, Willingness and Behavior with Respect to Ecological Protection of Cultivated Land: Evidence from Caidian District, Wuhan, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041156.

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Cultivated land systems have an enormous ecological function value with respect to water conversation, nutrient circulation and climate regulation. The people’s cognition, willingness and behavior may prove to be pivotal in ecologically protecting cultivated land. The purpose of this paper is to explore suppliers’ and demanders’ cognition, willingness and behavior with respect to the ecological protection of cultivated land. The second-order structural equation model was employed, and a five-point Likert scale was designed. Based on data obtained from a questionnaire surveyed on a sample of 460 (farming and no-farming households) from Caidian district, Wuhan, China, the results show that within/between suppliers and demanders, there are mismatches in willingness as well as behavior to ecologically protect cultivated land. In the suppliers group and in the demanders group, there are mismatches with respect to the interactive mechanism of cognition, willingness and behavior in the ecological protection of cultivated land. Three factors, subjective norms, attitude toward behavior, and perceived behavior control, affect willingness and behavior with respect to protection differently between the suppliers and the demanders. The “intermediary” effects of willingness and behavior in the ecological protection of cultivated land only appear in the demanders model, and are not significant in the suppliers model. In addition, another finding was that farmers’ behavior as suppliers and demanders of ecological protection of cultivated land were mismatched. The article contributes firstly to exploring the ecological protection of cultivated land from the perspective of suppliers’ and demanders’ subjective psychology. Farmers with “dual roles” as suppliers and demanders should pay more attention to the ecological protection of cultivated land. Their cognition and skills in the ecological protection of cultivated land are in need of improvement. It is also necessary to bridge the gap between suppliers and demanders; access to the knowledge of the ecological value of cultivated land will incentivize their behavior with respect to the ecological protection of cultivated land.
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a, Kadon, and Daud D. "PRODUCTIVITY AND ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY OF UPLAND RICE FARMING IN THE PROVINCE OF MAGUINDANO." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 937–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12237.

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Abstract kadon, daud d. 2019.Productivity and ecological sustainability of upland rice farming in the province of maguindano.Doctoral dissertation. Graduate school, university of southern mindanao, kabacan, cotabato. 184 pp. Major adviser: palasig u. Ampang, ph.d. The research study was conducted to determine the productivity and ecological sustainability of upland rice farming system in the province of maguindanao. One hundred three (103) farmers from 26 barangays of the province constituted the respondents. Descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression statistical tools were utilized. The test of hypotheses was set at 5% level of significance. The results revealed that upland farmers were generally males, married and were at least in their early 40s and finished intermediate education a family size ranging from 4 to 6 members had an income within the bracket of php 62,000 to 111,999 engaged in farming for a period of 17 to 24 years and were tilling 1 to 2 hectares of land but were non-members of agriculture-related organizations/association and had no trainings attended. Credit accessibility was never accessed rolling land was devoted to upland rice production. Tenurial status and membership in organization were found best significant predictors of the productivity of upland rice farming while age, civil status and number of trainings attended were found best significant predictors of ecological sustainability of upland rice farming. The socio-economic environment such as the source of information was found as the best significant predictors of the productivity of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao. On bio-physical environment, soil type and cultural measure were found to have a significant influence on the productivity of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao while level of destruction of insects, pests, diseases, rodents, birds and wild animals, seed selection, cropping pattern, cultural measure, mechanical measure and management of rice stubbles after harvest were found to significantly influence on the ecological sustainability of upland rice farming in the province of maguindanao.
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Górny, Mieczysław. "Ekorozwój jedyną drogą polskiej wsi i rolnictwa." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2004): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2004.2.1.23.

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Limiting agricultural production with the use of industrial methods is in society's best interest. Industrial farms are places where the natural degradation of soil, rural landscapes, and ground waters takes place. They are also places where farm animals are mistreated and suffer. The crops, being high are, at the same time, of low quality, posing threat to people's and animals' health. The only agricultural managing system which complies with the idea of eco-development is ecological farming, whose initiators were: Dezydery Chłapowski at the beginning of the 9th century, officer, Napoleon's aide-de-camp as well as Rudolf Steiner from Austria, philosopher, theologian, and occultist at the beginning of the 20th century. Neither of them had agricultural education, both were active in the area now belonging to Poland (in Turew in Wielkopolska district and in Kobierzyce near Wroclaw respectively). Ecological farming based on family farms is a combination of ethical, ecological, and economic approaches. Not only does it provide the highest quality food and feeding stuff but it also helps protect the environment, fertilizes the soil, caters to good growth conditions of cultivated plants and animals, provides new jobs, and improves living conditions in rural areas. The ecological farm must make sure: there is a balance between plant and animal production, take care of the landscape, prevent and not only fight pests. Every ecological farmer's duty is a continuous struggle to increase the fertility of the soil. He should not misunderstand the aim or the methods of fertilizing so that he can deliver high-quality food which undergoes the system of control. There are about 2 000 certified ecological farms in Poland with an average area of 15 hectares, the total acreage being 50 000 ha. There are more than 20 ecological products processing plants (mills, bakeries, dairy plants, fruit, vegetables, and meat processing plants). There are 8 agricultural high schools where the rules of ecological farming are taught. Some schools run their own ecological farms and an experimental ecological farm is being prepared by the Warsaw University of Agriculture (SGGW). There are also 3 associations of ecological farmers and gardeners as well as 6 organizations that control and issue certificates to farms and processing plants. In the Ministry of Agriculture, there is the Department of Ecological Agriculture as well as the Ecological Farming Board. Ecological farms are used in medical and social therapy, play an important role in ecological education, and increasing people's awareness. It should be hoped that ecological farming, bringing much good and being based on the idea of sustainable development, will eventually become part of far-reaching plans concerning rural and agricultural development in Poland.
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Anderson, Clifton. "Farming and Ecology in the 21st Century." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (1991): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199131/29.

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Pollution and erosion are serious problems in agricultural areas. Government sponsored environmental clean-up efforts which involve farmers are voluntary and are likely to remain so. Since clean-up costs are high, privatization and other alternatives to tax-supported environmental programs may attract increased attention. American farm policy needs to be restructured on the basis of sound environmental principles. Modern systems of farming, which require large inputs of fossil fuels and chemicals, need to be modified in order to promote ecological balance. New technologies, including biotechnology, may be developed to conserve natural resources and minimize pollution. The stewardship ethic suggests farmers' responsibilities as caretakers of God's Creation, while Albert Schweitzer advocated reverence for all life-forms. The scientific search for ecological balance will continue, despite its high costs and uncertain results.
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Saragih, Jef Rudiantho. "Aspek Ekologis dan Determinan Produksi Kopi Arabika Spesialti di Wilayah Dataran Tinggi Sumatera Utara." Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jwl.6.2.74-87.

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Monoculture farming of arabica coffee plantation does not support environmental sustainability. International market demands arabica coffee product in compliance with an environmentally friendly standard which promotes ecological-based management. This study aims to identify the ecological aspects of specialty arabica coffee cultivation, and to analyze the effect of shade tree population, the use of organic fertilizer, the pruning of coffee crop, land conservation, and the control of coffee berry borer on specialty arabica coffee production. The data of ecological aspect was collected from three regencies in North Sumatera Province, namely Simalungun, North Tapanuli, and Dairi. Production determinant was analyzed concerning farming cultivation in three districts of Simalungun Regency namely Sidamanik, Pamatang Sidamanik, and Dolok Pardamean. The location was determined with multi-stage cluster sampling and the farmer samples with simple random sampling. The ecological aspect was analyzed descriptively while the determinant of arabica coffee production was analyzed with multiple regression method. The result shows that the shaded arabica coffee farming covers only 32% of the total arabica coffee production in the study area with a population of 54 trees/ha. Land conservation conducted by the farmers utilizes coffee fruit mulch (92%), individual terrace (3%), rorak (4%), and bench terrace (1%). The arabica coffee farming system managed by the farmers consists of monoculture (30%), mix farming (24%), shade coffee (32%), and multistrata coffee (14%). The pruning of coffee plants and integrated control of coffee berry borer has a significant effect on specialty arabica coffee production. Land conservation, population of shade tree, and organic fertilizer are an important production determinant on arabica coffee production in the short-term. These three ecological variables play a role to maintain land preservation and support sustainable arabica coffee production in the long-term.
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Lv, Yan Hang, and Rui Zhang. "Ecological Agriculture Technology in Urban Agriculture." Advanced Materials Research 224 (April 2011): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.224.38.

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Farming in city is the most significant practice of Urban Agriculture with important social and economic impact. It constructs a stable and sustainable eco-recycling system, utilizing daily waste for crops irrigation, livestock breeding and energy production. And these ecological technologies will be discussed about ecological characters, scientific principles and operation steps, to present the artificial agro-ecosystem efficiently in limited space.
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Bavec, Martina, Michael Narodoslawsky, Franc Bavec, and Matjaž Turinek. "Ecological impact of wheat and spelt production under industrial and alternative farming systems." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 27, no. 3 (August 11, 2011): 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000354.

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AbstractThe Industrial Revolution and intensification of agriculture have, in some cases, led to economic activities that profoundly influenced the ecosystem to the point where environmental stability and geographic political security are jeopardized. The uncertainty about oil reserves, rising energy prices and the threat of harmful climate change effects has intensified the search for alternative farming systems that reduce negative environmental impact. This study reports the ecological impact of conventional (CON), integrated (INT), organic (ORG) and biodynamic (BD) farming systems calculated from data collected in a field trial at Maribor, Slovenia, and interpreted using the SPIonExcel tool. This tool is a member of the ecological footprint family and describes the area necessary to embed a human activity sustainably into the ecosphere. Three-year results show a markedly reduced ecological footprint of the ORG and BD systems in production of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Antonius’) and spelt (Triticum spelta L. ‘Ebners rotkorn’), mainly due to the absence of external production factors. When yields were also considered, the ORG and BD systems again had a reduced overall footprint per product unit and increased ecological efficiency of production. Thus, ORG and BD farming systems present viable alternatives for reducing the impact of agriculture on environmental degradation and climate change. Nevertheless, room for improvement exists in the area of machinery use in all systems studied and yield improvement in the ORG farming system.
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TSYUK, Oleksiy, Dmutro MARCHENKO, Ivan SHUVAR, and Wioletta BIEL. "POTENTIAL CONTAMINATION OF SOYBEAN AGROPHYTOCENOSIS DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM OF FARMING AND SOIL TILLAGE." Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica 357, no. 56 (December 6, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/aapz2020.56.4.04.

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This work presents the results of the study of changes of the potential contamination of soybean agrophytocenosis in grain-row crop rotation by using different systems of farming and typical black soil tillage. It was established that in the upper 0–5 cm layer of soil there are on average 393–671 million pieces of weed seeds. which is 33.6–43.0% of the total number in the layer of soil 0–20 cm. It was established that the use of periodical moldboard and superficial basic soil tillage had no impact on reducing the potential contamination of typical black soil compared to the variant of differentiated tillage. During subsurface plowing the total number of seeds in the soil layer 0–20 cm increased by 13.5–25.8% compared to differentiated tillage. In the variants of ecological and biological farming systems the number of weed seeds in the layer 0–5 cm was 11.3–19.6% higher compared to the intensive farming system. Based on monitoring of the species composition of the weed seeds bank it was established that in the arable layer of the soil the largest share are annual dicotyledonous – 48–62%. annual monocotyledonous – 30.2–44.6%. perennial – 0.9–3.3% of the total number. It was proved that under the intensive system of farming the yield of soybean variety Silesia increased on average from 10.2 to 147% compared to the ecological and biological system of farming. During the biological system of farming soybean yield did not exceed 1.0–1.8 t/ha. Therefore. the industrial and ecological system of farming had the greatest impact on reducing the potential weediness of the soybean agrocenosis during the growing season. During the biological system of farming crop yields decrease due to the accumulation of weed seeds in the topsoil and formation of high actual weediness of the soybean agrocenosis.
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Vaněk, Jiří, Pavel Šimek, Michal Stočes, Jan Jarolímek, Vladimír Očenášek, and Ivana Brožová. "Ecological Farming – Possibilities of Presentation by Means of Map Portal." Procedia Technology 8 (2013): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2013.11.079.

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Тертична, Ольга Василівна, Віктор Костянтинович Шинкаренко, Валерій Олександрович Пінчук, Олена Петрівна Бригас, and Катерина Василівна Коцовська. "Bioindication of ecological stress around enterprises of industrial poultry farming." Agroecological journal, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.4.2017.219836.

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36

Pywell, Richard F., Matthew S. Heard, Ben A. Woodcock, Shelley Hinsley, Lucy Ridding, Marek Nowakowski, and James M. Bullock. "Wildlife-friendly farming increases crop yield: evidence for ecological intensification." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1816 (October 7, 2015): 20151740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1740.

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Ecological intensification has been promoted as a means to achieve environmentally sustainable increases in crop yields by enhancing ecosystem functions that regulate and support production. There is, however, little direct evidence of yield benefits from ecological intensification on commercial farms growing globally important foodstuffs (grains, oilseeds and pulses). We replicated two treatments removing 3 or 8% of land at the field edge from production to create wildlife habitat in 50–60 ha patches over a 900 ha commercial arable farm in central England, and compared these to a business as usual control (no land removed). In the control fields, crop yields were reduced by as much as 38% at the field edge. Habitat creation in these lower yielding areas led to increased yield in the cropped areas of the fields, and this positive effect became more pronounced over 6 years. As a consequence, yields at the field scale were maintained—and, indeed, enhanced for some crops—despite the loss of cropland for habitat creation. These results suggested that over a 5-year crop rotation, there would be no adverse impact on overall yield in terms of monetary value or nutritional energy. This study provides a clear demonstration that wildlife-friendly management which supports ecosystem services is compatible with, and can even increase, crop yields.
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Lightfoot, Clive, and Reg Noble. "Tracking the Ecological Soundness of Farming Systems: Instruments and Indicators." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 19, no. 1 (November 20, 2001): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v19n01_03.

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Saikia, Surjya K., and Debangshu N. Das. "Sustainable aquaculture: agro-ecological role of periphyton in ricefish farming." Reviews in Aquaculture 7, no. 3 (May 21, 2014): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/raq.12062.

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39

Elliott, L. "Ecological associations between asthma prevalence and potential exposure to farming." European Respiratory Journal 24, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 938–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.04.00006404.

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40

Philip Robertson, G., Katherine L. Gross, Stephen K. Hamilton, Douglas A. Landis, Thomas M. Schmidt, Sieglinde S. Snapp, and Scott M. Swinton. "Farming for Ecosystem Services: An Ecological Approach to Production Agriculture." BioScience 64, no. 5 (April 8, 2014): 404–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biu037.

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41

Rosa-Schleich, Julia, Jacqueline Loos, Oliver Mußhoff, and Teja Tscharntke. "Ecological-economic trade-offs of Diversified Farming Systems – A review." Ecological Economics 160 (June 2019): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.03.002.

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Nayak, P. K., A. K. Nayak, B. B. Panda, B. Lal, P. Gautam, A. Poonam, M. Shahid, et al. "Ecological mechanism and diversity in rice based integrated farming system." Ecological Indicators 91 (August 2018): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.025.

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43

Melià, Paco, and Marino Gatto. "A stochastic bioeconomic model for the management of clam farming." Ecological Modelling 184, no. 1 (May 2005): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.11.011.

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Tertychna, Olga, Galyna Ryabukha, and Diana Buturlym. "ЕКОЛОГО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЧНОГО ЗЕМЛЕРОБСТВА УКРАЇНИ ТА ЄС." PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT, no. 1(21) (2020): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2020-1(21)-82-90.

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The article identifies the importance of organic farming in addressing the issues of preservation and reproduction of soil fertility. The key principles of organic farming, such as minimization of tillage, crop structure planning, use of fertilizers of plant and animal origin, practical experience of EU agricultural enterprises are highlighted. Ecological and economic indicators of efficiency of organic products production are analyzed: ecological intensity, resource intensity, energy intensity of harvest, efficiency of organic fertilizers application. The priority and prospects of development of organic agriculture in Ukraine are revealed.
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Naumova, A. M., L. A. Rozumnaya, A. Yu Naumova, and L. S. Loginov. "PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN BREEDING FISHING FARMS: ECOLOGICAL AND VETERINARY ADDITIONS." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 1 (2018): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.201801014.

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The influence of ecological, epizootological and technological factors on fish health was studied. It is shown that disregard of environmental, technological and veterinary-sanitary requirements in the reproduction and cultivation of fish leads to the emergence of contagious and non-contagious diseases and causes significant damage to fish farming. The analysis of previously approved veterinary and sanitary rules, instructions, recommendations for breeding and commercial fish farms, as well as patent documentation and scientific publications in the field of ecological and veterinary research in fish farming is carried out. The possibility of using modern ecological and veterinary-sanitary achievements for the protection of fish health is shown. The complex system of preventive measures (organizational, environmental-technological and veterinary-sanitary), supplemented by modern ecological and veterinary achievements, in its implementation will allow to reduce losses of fish products and increase efficiency of production.
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Howe, Helena R., and Malcolm Ross. "Brexit’s Shades of Green—(Missing) the Opportunity to Transform Farming in England?" Journal of Environmental Law 31, no. 3 (January 8, 2019): 413–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jel/eqy025.

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Abstract The UK Government’s ‘green Brexit’ includes fundamental reform of agriculture. We use resilience thinking to examine the complex relationship between farming policy and environmental sustainability. Farming is a social ecological system that will be disturbed by leaving the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy. Reforms could reinforce persistence of the status quo or shape transformation to ‘better’ sustainability. We argue Brexit is a once-in-a-generation opportunity for the hegemony of sustainable intensification to be challenged by enhanced agroecological farming practices. The interdependency of social and ecological factors is a critical threshold for transformative change, which we explore through three key sites of struggle: farmers’ cultural identity, connection to land, and security. We suggest transformative law and governance measures built upon Wild Law jurisprudence and resilience principles of diversity, scale, flexibility, relationality, education and participatory decision-making. We conclude that the Government’s approach falls short of the transformation needed for a resilient, sustainable farming system.
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Toigildin, Aleksandr, Vladimir Morozov, Mikhail Podsevalov, Denis Ayupov, Irina Toigildina, and Rezida Mustafina. "Factors of biologization of farming in the forest-steppe zone of Volga region." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700173.

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The modern development of world farming was announced at the UN Conference on Environment and Development, and is connected with the biosphere paradigm of nature management (1992), which implies the priority of maintaining the ecological functions of soils and landscapes (ecologization). In agriculture, ecologization is known as “organic farming” (ecological, biological, etc.), but in Russia, “organic farming”, in its pure form (without pesticides and chemical fertilizers), has not gained momentum yet. The legislative base for this was developed only in 2019 and in the coming years it is unlikely to receive widespread distribution among representatives of agribusiness for economic, social and cultural reasons. Further development of modern agribusiness is possible due to technological modernization through the technological upgrading by means of a system of biologization. In this article, we have revealed the main factors and practical methods of biologization of modern farming under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region.
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Grzega, Joachim. "On the Connection between Countries’ Onomasiological and Ecological Behavior." Linguistik Online 102, no. 2 (May 24, 2020): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.102.6813.

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Five onomasiological features in EU countries are statistically compared to environmental performances of these countries (in selected years) by way of Welch’s t-tests and Cohen’s d. The analyses show, for years with statistically significant results, that national energy use is smaller when the environment is onomasiologically “middle/central” than when it is onomasiologically “around”, the national ecological footprint of one year is smaller when human beings are onomasiologically “beings” rather than morphologically opaque, the national percentage of organic farming is larger when two terms for “organic” are legally protected instead of just one, the national percentage of organic farming is also larger when the term for “organic” is morphologically related to “economic”, and national meat consumption is (in two years) smaller when meat is morphologically not distinct from “flesh”.
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Luty, Lidia. "The development of organic farming in the world." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 61, no. 1 (January 28, 2016): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0899.

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In the world there is still growing interest in agricultural production system in accordance with the criteria of organic farming. In 2005, the world ecological area remained at the level of more than 29 mln ha, and in 2012, was already more than 37 mln ha. Its participation in relation to the total agricultural area increased in those years from 0,67% to 0,85%. The number of organic producers in the world increased almost three times. The aim of this paper was to present the development of organic farming in the world between 2005 and 2012, taking into account such characteristics as: ecological area of agricultural land and crops, the share of organic area in the overall area of the utilized agricultural area, the number of organic producers and the average size of organic land, as well as the area of organic agricultural land per 100 inhabitants.
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50

Pimentel, David. "Sustainable Farming Farming in Nature's Image: An Ecological Approach to Agriculture Judith D. Soule Jon K. Piper." BioScience 42, no. 9 (October 1992): 715–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1312185.

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