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Academic literature on the topic 'Écologie des taïgas – Québec (Province) – Nord-du-Québec'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Écologie des taïgas – Québec (Province) – Nord-du-Québec"
Auger, Sarah. "Dynamique structurale d'une pessière à lichens ancienne à la limite nordique de répartition des forêts." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25717/25717.pdf.
Full textSavard, Joannie. "Dynamique de la végétation des sommets alpins de la forêt boréale, Québec (Canada)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26680/26680.pdf.
Full textLaberge, Pelletier Caroline. "L'environnement des éricacées des forêts de l'est du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24402/24402.pdf.
Full textThe objective of the present ecological inventory was to characterize the presence of three common ericad species: Rhododendron groenlandicum, Vaccinium species and Kalmia angustifolia, in Quebec North Shore forests, and to better understand their presence in relation to environmental factors. Ninety-seven sites within the undisturbed black spruce-feathermoss (Picea mariana) forest north of Baie-Comeau were selected for the study. Rhododendron had the highest mean cover, followed by Vaccinium and Kalmia. The presence of these species was associated with an open forest canopy, acid, coarse-textured and nutrient-poor soils. Ericads were strongly associated with black spruce-dominated forests, with presence decreasing as the balsam fir (Abies balsamea) component increased. Four vegetation associations were identified, including an Ericad-lichen group that included the three ericads and three Cladina species. Results may be used to help identify and classify sites vulnerable to ericaceous invasion after forest harvest.
Deshpande, Bethany. "Dynamique de l'oxygène et l'activité microbienne dans les lacs de fonte du pergélisol subarctique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27024.
Full textThermokarst lakes (shallow lakes caused by the thawing and collapse of ice-rich permafrost) are a unique type of aquatic ecosystem, and are known to be strong emitters of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. They are highly abundant and experiencing rapid changes in subarctic Quebec, becoming larger and deeper in some regions. The objective of this study was to provide an improved understanding of oxygen dynamics in thermokarst lakes, while also evaluating the controlling factors for these variations and the potential future changes in oxygenation in this globally important class of freshwater ecosystems. A wide range of techniques was employed throughout this study, including a combination of in situ, laboratory, and modelling approaches. Autonomous oxygen, conductivity and temperature sensors were employed from summer 2012 to 2015, providing continuous measurements at 10- to 60-minute intervals throughout the study. Laboratory measurements included bacterial respiration and production rates, geochemical lake variables, and an investigation of bacterial community size-fractions. Lake temperature and oxygen concentrations were modelled in one thermokarst peatland lake from the recent past (1971) to the future climate (2095), employing a moderate (RCP 4.5) and more extreme (RCP 8.5) climate-warming scenario. The results of this study revealed that anoxic conditions are prevalent in many thermokarst lakes throughout much of the year. High concentrations of ions accumulate throughout winter due to ice formation at the surface (cryoconcentration) and from ions released associated with hypolimnetic respiratory activity. The strong ion gradient resulted in a combined temperature- and salinity-based density gradient throughout winter. Some lakes were dimictic, mixing twice a year, while others only mixed completely once in fall or never throughout the annual cycle. There were abundant and highly active bacterial populations, with respiratory rates comparable to those observed in meso- or eutrophic systems of the north-temperate zone. Erosion of permafrost peatland soil material provided carbon- and nutrient-rich substrates for bacterial populations, and habitats suitable for colonization by active particle-attached bacterial populations. The oxygen model showed that warmer air temperatures could substantially reduce ice-cover thickness and duration, resulting in greater concentrations of oxygen being transferred from the atmosphere to the surface waters. This could ultimately increase dissolved oxygen concentration throughout the water column and reduce the number of days of anoxic conditions within thermokarst lakes. This thesis underscores the critical role played by thermokarst lakes as biogeochemical reactors that convert organic carbon in ancient northern soils to greenhouse gases, and the importance of oxygen as a sensitive indicator of their mixing and chemical dynamics, as well as a master variable controlling metabolic processes.
Brouard, Denis. "Evaluation hydrochimique et écotoxicologique des retombées acides pour les rivières à saumon (Côte-Nord du fleuve Saint-Laurent, Québec)." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30246.
Full textCôté, Léonie. "Sélection de symbiotes racinaires pour la restauration écologique de résidus miniers dans le nord du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40334.
Full textMining activities involve the removal of healthy living soil, plant propagule and symbionts, beneficial to plant is necessary to take steps to promote the ecological restoration of degraded sites. Our research hypothesis is that the use of root symbionts can enhance the establishment and survival of plant communities on on drastically disturbed sites. Healthy roots were collected from six plant species at the Schefferville iron mine site in northern Quebec. Fungi were isolated from root tips and pure isolates were identified based on ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) analysis. A total of 376 cultivable fungi were isolated and identified to 106 operational taxonomic units (OTU). These cultivable communities show differences according to the types of habitat and host plant. Nine of the most frequently isolated fungi were used for an invitro test in liquid-based media (GYME) amended with overburden, waste rock or pure iron. Ergosterol andorganic acids were quantified to monitor fungal growth and reaction to amendments. Ericoid fungusRhizoscyphus ericae exhibited the best growth in the presence of mine tailings. Dark septate endophytePhialocephala fortinii ranked second in terms of growth, but it produced the highest amount of organic acids.Cadophora finlandica and Meliniomyces bicolor also showed good tolerance to amendments. In conclusion,cultivable root associated fungi did not all respond in the same way to the imposed abiotic stress. We selected the candidate fungi that would best suit the particular case of the restoration of the Schefferville mining site.
Retamal, Leira. "Effet optique de la matière organique dissoute colorée sur la production primaire dans des systèmes d'estuaires nordiques : qualité, quantité et changements climatiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24859/24859.pdf.
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