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Journal articles on the topic 'Ecology – Africa, East'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

WALLER, RICHARD. "ECOLOGY, MIGRATION, AND EXPANSION IN EAST AFRICA." African Affairs 84, no. 336 (1985): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a097698.

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2

Almborn, Ove, T. D. V. Swinscow, and Hildur Krog. "Macrolichens of East Africa." Taxon 38, no. 4 (1989): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222645.

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3

Culberson, William Louis, T. D. V. Swinscow, and H. Krog. "Macrolichens of East Africa." Bryologist 96, no. 3 (1993): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3243893.

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4

Pitman, C. R. S. "Gulls in East Africa." Ibis 76, no. 1 (2008): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1934.tb01559.x.

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5

Constance, L., and R. M. Polhill. "Flora of Tropical East Africa." Taxon 39, no. 2 (1990): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1223042.

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6

ROSQVIST, GUNHILD. "East Africa during the Quaternary." Boreas 18, no. 3 (2008): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1989.tb00393.x.

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7

Tugume, A. K., S. B. Mukasa, and J. P. T. Valkonen. "Natural Wild Hosts of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus Show Spatial Differences in Virus Incidence and Virus-Like Diseases in Uganda." Phytopathology® 98, no. 6 (2008): 640–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-98-6-0640.

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Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV, genus Potyvirus) is globally the most common pathogen of sweetpotato. An East African strain of SPFMV incites the severe ‘sweetpotato virus disease’ in plants co-infected with Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus and threatens subsistence sweetpotato production in East Africa; however, little is known about its natural hosts and ecology. In all, 2,864 wild plants growing in sweetpotato fields or in their close proximity in Uganda were observed for virus-like symptoms and tested for SPFMV in two surveys (2004 and 2007). SPFMV was detected at different incidence in 22 Ipomoea spp., Hewittia sublobata, and Lepistemon owariensis, of which 19 species are new hosts for SPFMV. Among the SPFMV-positive plants, ≈60% displayed virus-like symptoms. Although SPFMV incidence was similar in annual and perennial species, virus-like diseases were more common in annuals than perennials. Virus-like diseases and SPFMV were more common in the eastern agroecological zone than the western, central, and northern zones, which contrasted with known incidence of SPFMV in sweetpotato crops. The data on a large number of new natural hosts of SPFMV detected in this study provide novel insights into the ecology of SPFMV in East Africa.
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8

Friis, I., and P. S. Green. "Olea capensis (Oleaceae) in North-East and East Tropical Africa." Kew Bulletin 41, no. 1 (1986): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4103022.

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9

Stedje, Brita, and Mats Thulin. "Synopsis of Hyacinthaceae in tropical East and North-East Africa." Nordic Journal of Botany 15, no. 6 (1995): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1995.tb02127.x.

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10

Moberg, Roland. "The genus Physcia in East Africa." Nordic Journal of Botany 6, no. 6 (1986): 843–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1986.tb00488.x.

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11

Daniel, Gimo M., Catherine L. Sole, Clarke H. Scholtz, and Adrian L. V. Davis. "Historical diversification and biogeography of the endemic southern African dung beetle genus, Epirinus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 133, no. 3 (2021): 751–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blab051.

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Abstract The role of the geological uplift and climatic changes during the late Cenozoic on the species diversification of southern African dung beetles is not fully understood. Therefore, we use a divergence-time-estimated phylogeny, macroevolutionary analyses and ecological niche modelling under different climatic scenarios to investigate diversification of the endemic southern African genus, Epirinus. We predict the ancestral range and vegetation type occupied by Epirinus and how late Cenozoic climatic fluctuations and resulting vegetation changes affected speciation and extinction of Epirinus species. Our results suggest that the genus originated in forest with radiation into three geographical centres: (a) north-east escarpment forest and highland grassland; (b) south-east forest; and (c) south-west lowlands to north-east uplands in open vegetation. Reduced speciation rates in the mid-Miocene and increased extinction rates during the drier and cooler Plio-Pleistocene coincide with the replacement of forest by grassland or savanna in southern Africa. The drier climate in southern Africa may have driven extensive contraction of shaded vegetation, forcing an adaptation of forest inhabitants to upland grassland environments, or driving Epirinus species to extinction. Our study supports hypothesis of climatically driven diversification of Epirinus whereas ecological niche modelling across different geological periods suggest that the south-east and, to a lesser extent, the west coast of South Africa as stable areas.
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12

Rabiu, Safianu, and Martin Fisher. "The breeding season and diet of Arvicanthis in northern Nigeria." Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, no. 4 (1989): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400003837.

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ABSTRACTThe breeding season and diet of the rat Arvicanthis was monitored from December 1983 to November 1985 in the semi-arid Sudan savanna at Kano, Nigeria, West Africa. Breeding began 1–2 months before the start of the rainy season and ceased at the beginning of the dry season. The diet of Arvicanthis was omnivorous, but with seasonal differences. Monocotyledons and dicotyledons predominated in the diet in the dry season, with seeds and insects increasing in the diet in the rainy season. The major differences between the ecology of Arvicanthis at Kano and on the East African savanna were that in East Africa the breeding season is longer and begins after the start of the rainy season. These and other dissimilarities between the biology of Arvicanthis in the two areas could be due to the effect of climatic differences on food supply and to the possible existence of different taxonomic groupings of Arvicanthis in the two regions.
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13

Masinde, Siro. "Medicinal Plants of East Africa, 3rd edn." African Journal of Ecology 48, no. 4 (2010): 1143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2010.01205.x.

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14

Kasoma, P. M. B., and D. E. Pomeroy. "The Status and Ecology of Storks and the Shoebill in East Africa." Colonial Waterbirds 10, no. 2 (1987): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521261.

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15

Spence, John R., and William C. Mahaney. "Growth and Ecology of Rhizocarpon Section Rhizocarpon on Mount Kenya, East Africa." Arctic and Alpine Research 20, no. 2 (1988): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1551502.

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16

Moreau., R. E. "Ringed European Storks in East Africa." Ibis 83, no. 4 (2008): 616–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1941.tb00655.x.

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17

Masenga, Emmanuel H., Craig R. Jackson, Ernest E. Mjingo, et al. "Insights into long-distance dispersal by African wild dogs in East Africa." African Journal of Ecology 54, no. 1 (2015): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12244.

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18

Rasowo, B. A., F. M. Khamis, S. A. Mohamed, et al. "African Citrus Greening Disease in East Africa: Incidence, Severity, and Distribution Patterns." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 5 (2019): 2389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz167.

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Abstract African citrus greening disease (ACGD) is considered as one of the major diseases of citrus threatening citrus production in East Africa. Our study aimed for the first time to assess the incidence, severity, and distribution patterns of ACGD in Kenya and Tanzania. In total, 105 citrus orchards were assessed in 13 regions representing low, mid, and high altitude areas. In each backyard and orchard, trees were randomly selected and rated for visual ACGD symptoms; then leaves and insect samples collected for analysis of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus’ (CLaf), the presumptive causal agent of ACGD. Endpoint PCR, sequencing, and molecular phylogenetic tools were employed to confirm the identity of potential circulating pathogens. Incidence and severity of ACGD varied significantly among the different regions. Both Trioza erytreae (Del Guerico) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) and the invasive Asian citrus psyllid vector Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae) were found to co-occur in upper and lower midland regions. Molecular characterization identified ‘Candidatus Liberibacter africanus spp. Clausenae’ (CLafCl) as the main causal agent of ACGD in most of the citrus plants and insect samples. No instances of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection were found. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding and management of ACGD by employing stringent and early disease detection tools to curb the spread of the disease.
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19

Mugidde, Rose, Robert E. Hecky, Len L. Hendzel, and William D. Taylor. "Pelagic Nitrogen Fixation in Lake Victoria (East Africa)." Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (January 2003): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(03)70540-1.

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20

Katandukila, Jestina Venance, Nigel Charles Bennett, Christian Timothy Chimimba, Christoper Guy Faulkes, and Maria Kathleen Oosthuizen. "Locomotor activity patterns of captive East African root rats,Tachyoryctes splendens(Rodentia: Spalacidae), from Tanzania, East Africa." Journal of Mammalogy 94, no. 6 (2013): 1393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/13-mamm-a-095.1.

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21

Linnavuori, Rauno E. "African species of Laccocoris Stal (Hemiptera: Naucoridae) and Lerida Karsch (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 17, no. 4 (1986): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631286x00053.

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AbstractThe African species of the genera Laccocoris StÅl (Naucoridae) and Lerida Karsch (Pentastomidae) are revised. Laccocoris angustus (East Africa) is described as new, L. aurivillii Montandon is synonymized with L. limigenus StÅl; and Lerida pallescens (Westwood), L. pugnax StÅl and L. sudana Distant are regarded as synonyms of L. punctata (Palisot de Beauvois).
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22

Chapman, Lauren J., Colin A. Chapman, Pamela J. Schofield, et al. "Fish Faunal Resurgence in Lake Nabugabo, East Africa." Conservation Biology 17, no. 2 (2003): 500–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01519.x.

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23

Marais, W. "Notes on Aristea (Iridaceae) in East Africa." Kew Bulletin 42, no. 4 (1987): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4109940.

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24

Paton, Alan. "The Genus Becium (Labiatae) in East Africa." Kew Bulletin 50, no. 2 (1995): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110628.

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25

Vollesen, Kaj. "A "New" Whitfieldia (Acanthaceae) from East Africa." Kew Bulletin 59, no. 1 (2004): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4111083.

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26

Vinarski, M. V. "Galba robusta sp. nov. from Yemen (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae)." Zoosystematica Rossica 27, no. 1 (2018): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2018.27.1.3.

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Mollusks of the genus Galba Schrank, 1803, inhabiting north-east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, are separated into two morphologically distinct groups. The first group contains two conchologically indistinguishable species, G. truncatula (O.F. Müller, 1774) and G. schirazensis (Küster, 1862). The second group includes one species characterized by significantly larger size and different shell proportions as compared to G. truncatula and G. schirazensis. This species is new one and described here as G. robusta sp. nov. with type locality situated in Yemen. It is hypothesized that G. robusta sp. nov. has a vast distribution, ranging from Central Iran southwards to East Africa. A comparison of the new taxon with two nominal species of Galba, G. mweruensis (Connolly, 1929) and G. umlaasianus (Küster, 1862) described from East and South Africa, as well as some data on conchological variation of African representatives of this genus are given.
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27

Caro, T. M. "Umbrella species: critique and lessons from East Africa." Animal Conservation 6, no. 2 (2003): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1367943003003214.

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28

Mathiu, Mbaabu, and Peris Kariuki. "Cover Essay: Indigenous Ecohealth Practices in East Africa." EcoHealth 4, no. 4 (2007): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-007-0144-y.

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29

Jørgensen, P. M. "Leptogium Palustre, A New Lichen From East Africa." Lichenologist 26, no. 2 (1994): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1994.1034.

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30

ENGHOFF, HENRIK. "East African giant millipedes of the tribe Pachybolini (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Pachybolidae)." Zootaxa 2753, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2753.1.1.

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The East African species of the millipede tribe Pachybolini are revised. Three new genera are described: Crurifarcimen n. gen. (monotypic, type species: C. vagans n. sp., Tanzania), Hyperbolus n. gen. (type species: H. apicomplexus n. sp., Tanzania and Uganda; further species: H. morogoroensis Kraus, 1958, Tanzania, transferred from Pachybolus), Parabolus n. gen. (type species: Trigoniulus dimorphus Carl, 1909, Tanzania, transferred from Pachybolus, further species: P. calceus n. sp., Kenya). Hadrobolus Cook, 1897 and its only species, H. crassicollis (Peters, 1855), Mozambique, are redescribed. Epibolus bravensis (Silvestri, 1897) and E. mossabicensis Lawrence, 1967, are both synonymised under E. pulchripes (Gerstäcker, 1873), Somalia to Mozambique, rendering Epibolus Cook, 1897, monotypic. Pachybolus Cook, 1897, is restricted to its poorly known type species, P. tectus Cook, 1897, Zanzibar. A cladistic analysis of Pachybolini (W Africa, E Africa, Madagascar) does not support monophyly of the East African genera, but does support a clade consisting of Crurifarcimen+Hyperbolus+Parabolus, as well as monophyly of the two latter genera.
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31

MARIAUX, JEAN, NICOLA LUTZMANN, and JAN STIPALA. "The two-horned chamaeleons of East Africa." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152, no. 2 (2008): 367–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00332.x.

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32

Pawlowicz, Matthew, John Stoetzel, and Stephen Macko. "Environmental Archaeology at Mikindani, Tanzania: Towards a Historical Ecology of the Southern Swahili Coast." Journal of African Archaeology 12, no. 2 (2014): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/2191-5784-10260.

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The historic port town of Mikindani is situated along the southern portion of the Swahili coast. Archaeological investigations in this region of coastal East Africa yield evidence of occupation since the last centuries BCE and intensive settlement since the middle of the first millennium CE. This long settlement history suggests that people in the region have had an expansive, wide-ranging impact on local ecological conditions in the region. This paper takes a historical ecology approach in evaluating the nature and degree of anthropogenic influences on the environment in and around Mikindani. The evaluation is based on evidence from contemporary botanical communities, faunal remains, macrobotanicals, phytolith residues, isotope analysis of archaeological sediments, and soil chemistry. This research also looks to define an environmental component that contributes to a previously defined mercantile culture that characterizes Swahili communities in the region. We argue that this interdisciplinary analysis yields evidence of several long-term anthropogenic influences in Mikindani, including: a long-term reduction in forests and woody vegetation, reliance on shifting agriculture as a subsistence strategy, and the continued reliance on marine resources to meet subsistence needs. These patterns of human-environment interaction help suggest reasons for certain developments in Mikindani’s history, perhaps most notably its early second millennium CE absence from Indian Ocean trade networks. Our results contribute to a growing literature in East Africa which acknowledges that modern environments of East Africa derive from a recursive relationship with human populations that has continued for thousands of years.
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33

Malone, David. "Mechanisms of hominoid dispersal in Miocene East Africa." Journal of Human Evolution 16, no. 6 (1987): 469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2484(87)90035-2.

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34

Kioko, Grace M., Peter Jäger, Esther N. Kioko, Li-Qiang Ji, and Shuqiang Li. "On the species of the genus Mistaria Lehtinen, 1967 studied by Roewer (1955) from Africa (Araneae, Agelenidae)." African Invertebrates 60, no. 1 (2019): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.60.34359.

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Eleven species of the spider family Agelenidae Koch, 1837 are reviewed based on the type material and transferred from the genus Agelena Walckenaer, 1805 to MistariaLehtinen 1967. These species occur in various African countries as indicated and include: M.jaundea (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♂, Cameroon), M.jumbo (Strand, 1913), comb. nov. (♂♀, Central & East Africa), M.kiboschensis (Lessert, 1915), comb. nov. (♂♀, Central & East Africa), M.keniana (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Kenya), M.lawrencei (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Zimbabwe), M.longimamillata (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Mozambique), M.moschiensis (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Tanzania), M.mossambica (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Mozambique), M.nyassana (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, Malawi), M.teteana (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♂, Mozambique) and M.zuluana (Roewer, 1955), comb. nov. (♀, South Africa).
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35

VOLYNKIN, ANTON V. "Two new ‘Asura-like’ Cyana Walker, 1854 from Africa (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)." Zootaxa 4576, no. 2 (2019): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4576.2.13.

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Cyana Walker, 1854 is one of the most species-rich genera within the tribe Lithosiini Billberg of the subfamily Arctiinae Leach, family Erebidae Leach. The genus is widely distributed in tropics of Africa and Madagascar, south of the Arabian Peninsula, South and East Asia (including Russian Far East, Korean Peninsula and Japan), New Guinea and Australia. The African fauna was recently revised by Karisch (2013). In his revision, Karish offered a subdivision of the genus into 24 subgenera based on the differences in venation, configuration of androconial forewing lobes in males, pattern and genitalia structure.
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36

Kärnefelt, I. "Cetraria (Parmeliaceae) and some related genera on the African continent." Bothalia 17, no. 1 (1987): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v17i1.1014.

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Four species are reported new for the lichen flora of southern Africa: Bryoria fuseescens (Gyeln.) Brodo D. Hawksw., B. motykae (D. Hawksw.) Brodo D. Hawksw., Cetraria chlorophylla (Humb.) Vain, and Platismatia glauca (L.) Culb. Culb. (Parmeliaceae), found at high elevations in Natal and south-west Cape. B. fuscescens, B. motykae and P. glauca were previously known from a few localities, also at high elevations, in east Africa. The genus Cetraria s. str. was previously unknown on the African continent.
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37

Bailey, Robert C., Mark R. Jenike, Peter T. Ellison, Gillian R. Bentley, Alisa M. Harrigan, and Nadine R. Peacock. "The ecology of birth seasonality among agriculturalists in central Africa." Journal of Biosocial Science 24, no. 3 (1992): 393–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000019957.

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SummaryThe Lese are subsistence farmers living in the Ituri Forest of north-east Zaïre. They exhibit significant birth seasonality, with lowest frequencies of conception when food production is least, nutritional status is low and ovarian function, as measured by salivary steroid hormone levels, is reduced. Efe pygmy foragers, who live in the same geographical area but are less dependent on cultivated foods and have a more flexible life style, do not exhibit frequent fluctuations in nutritional status nor significant birth seasonality. These findings support a model of birth seasonality relating climatic variables to variation in fertility through a causal chain linking rainfall to food production to energy balance to ovarian function to fertility. The model, which emphasises an ecological approach to the study of human reproduction, should have broad applicability since seasonality of food production and energy balance is widespread geographically and across a wide variety of economies and cultures.
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38

Mulwa, Moses, Mike Teucher, Werner Ulrich, and Jan Christian Habel. "Bird communities in a degraded forest biodiversity hotspot of East Africa." Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no. 8-9 (2021): 2305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02190-y.

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AbstractTropical forests suffer severe habitat destruction. Thus, tropical forests frequently consist today of only a few small remnants that are often embedded within a matrix of agricultural fields and tree plantations. Forest specialist species have experienced severe population declines under these circumstances. We studied bird communities based on census plots set up in a near-natural forest block, as well as degraded forest patches, tree plantations, and agricultural fields, across the Taita Hills in southern Kenya. We classified each bird species according its ecology and behavior. We quantified the land cover and landscape configuration around each census plot. Typical forest species were mainly observed in the near-natural forest block, and to a lower extent in degraded forest patches. Plantations were almost devoid of birds. Bird communities of small forest fragments were more similar to that of agricultural land than the near-natural forest block. Most frugivorous, insectivorous and nectarivorous birds occurred in forest habitats, while granivorous bird species dominated the bird communities of agricultural land. The surrounding landscape had a marginal impact on bird species composition at local sites. Our study showed that the preservation of near-natural cloud forest, including small forest patches, is essential for the conservation of forest-dependent species, and that plantations do not serve as surrogate habitats.
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39

Phillips, S. M. "Four New Grasses from North East Tropical Africa." Kew Bulletin 41, no. 4 (1986): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4103003.

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40

Carter, Susan. "Taxonomic Changes in Synadenium (Euphorbiaceae) from East Africa." Kew Bulletin 42, no. 3 (1987): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110075.

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41

Cheek, Martin, and Christian Frimodt-Moller. "The Genus Octolobus (Sterculiaceae) New to East Africa." Kew Bulletin 53, no. 3 (1998): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110486.

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42

Verdcourt, B. "The Genus Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) in East Africa." Kew Bulletin 54, no. 1 (1999): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4111022.

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43

Townsend, C. C. "'Flora of Tropical East Africa' Umbelliferae: An Omission." Kew Bulletin 45, no. 2 (1990): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4115702.

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44

Watling, Roy, and Evelyn Turnbull. "Boletes from South and East Central Africa – I." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 49, no. 3 (1992): 343–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600000585.

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Fifteen boletes (Basidiomycotina) distributed in the following genera: Afroboletus (1), Aureoboletus (1), Boletellus (1), Gyroporus (2), Phlebopus (1), Phylloporus (1), Pulveroboletus (5), Suillus (1) Tuboseta (1), and Veloporphyrellus (1) are recorded from Zambia. Four of these collections cannot be assigned to any formerly documented stirps. Two new combinations are proposed and full descriptions of the other collections are given. Afroboletus azureotinctus and Veloporphyrellus africanus are described as new; Tuboseta brunneosetosa var. retipes is recorded from Cameroon & Zimbabwe in addition to Zambia.
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45

Watling, R., and E. Turnbull. "Boletes from South and East Central Africa – II." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 51, no. 3 (1994): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600001827.

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Nineteen boletes (Basidiomycotina) are recorded from Zambia. They belong to the tylopiloid and xerocomoid elements. Three of these boletes are described as new: Tylopilus ochraceosquamosus Watling, T. perplexus Watling & Turnbull and T. zambianus Watling. Another four cannot be assigned to formally recognized taxa, and the provisional name Tylopilus conspicuocystidiata is adopted for one of them. Two new combinations are made: Tylopilus brunneirubens (Corner) Watling & Turnbull and T. nigropurpureus (Corner) Watling.
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46

Moberg, Roland. "The genera Hyperphyscia and Physconia in East Africa." Nordic Journal of Botany 7, no. 6 (1987): 719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1987.tb02039.x.

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47

Darbyshire, Iain. "The Barleria fulvostellata (Acanthaceae) complex in east Africa." Kew Bulletin 64, no. 4 (2009): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-009-9148-9.

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48

MEVE, U. "SarcostemmaR. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) in East Africa and Arabia." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 120, no. 1 (1996): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bojl.1996.0002.

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49

SAMAAI, TOUFIEK, RUWEN PILLAY, and LIESL JANSON. "Shallow-water Demospongiae (Porifera) from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa." Zootaxa 4587, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4587.1.1.

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Abstract:
33 species of shallow-water Demospongiae (Phylum Porifera) are described from Sodwana Bay, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, on the east coast of South Africa. Of the 33 species collected, 18 are redescribed from fresh material and 15 are new to science. Orders Clionaida, Poecilosclerida, Axinellida, Haplosclerida and Dictyoceratida are well represented in the collection with 4 to 6 species each, with the first three groups appearing to have the greatest diversity on the east coast of South Africa. The east coast of South Africa appears to have a high abundance of poecilosclerid and dictyoceratid sponges. The results of this study underscore the importance of poecilosclerid and dictyoceratid sponge fauna of the east coast of South Africa, in terms of the potential for the continued discovery of new species.
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Griswold, Charles E. "Wanzia fako, a new genus and species of spider from Cameroon (Araneae: Cyatholipidae)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 29, no. 2 (1998): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631298x00230.

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AbstractThe new genus and species Wanzia fako (Araneac, Cyatholipidae) is described from Cameroon. It is related to the genera Isicabu (from southern and eastern Africa), Scharffa (from East Africa) and Alaranea (from Madagascar).
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