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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ecology and Evolution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Nichols, Phillip Brent. "Tardigrade evolution and ecology." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001270.

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2

Vargas, Ramirez Sergio. "Evolution and ecology of antarctic sponges." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-141266.

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3

Ishida, Yoichi. "Secret analogies mathematics, ecology, and evolution /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442878.

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4

Veen, Franciscus Johannes Frank van. "Aphid hyperparasitoids : taxonomy, ecology and evolution." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313144.

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5

Reece, Sarah E. "Evolution and ecology of sex allocation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12849.

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6

Ricono, Angela. "Ecology and Evolution of Common Milkweed." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550154023.

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All organisms must interact with and adapt to their surrounding environment. There are myriad ways in which species accomplish this; ultimately resulting in the vast diversity of life on earth today. Changes in the environment can have profound impacts on an organisms' ability to compete and utilize their surroundings. Plants are particularly impacted by local environmental differences because of the fact that they are immobile. This environmental variation exists at both large and small spatial scales. For example, on larger scales, forces such as fire and grazers can remove dominant plant

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7

Wanke, Stefan. "Evolution of the genus Aristolochia - Systematics, Molecular Evolution and Ecology." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1169634459488-35651.

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Evolution of Piperales – matK gene and trnK intron sequence data reveal lineage specific resolution contrast. Piperales are one of the largest basal angiosperm orders with a nearly worldwide distribution. The order includes three species rich genera, Piper (ca. 1,000 species), Peperomia (ca. 1,500-1,700 species), and Aristolochia s. l. (ca. 500 species). Sequences of the matK gene and the non-coding trnK group II intron are analysed for a dense set of 105 taxa representing all families (except Hydnoraceae) and all generic segregates (except Euglypha within Aristolochiaceae) of Piperales. A lar

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8

Wanke, Stefan. "Evolution of the genus Aristolochia - Systematics, Molecular Evolution and Ecology." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23929.

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Evolution of Piperales – matK gene and trnK intron sequence data reveal lineage specific resolution contrast. Piperales are one of the largest basal angiosperm orders with a nearly worldwide distribution. The order includes three species rich genera, Piper (ca. 1,000 species), Peperomia (ca. 1,500-1,700 species), and Aristolochia s. l. (ca. 500 species). Sequences of the matK gene and the non-coding trnK group II intron are analysed for a dense set of 105 taxa representing all families (except Hydnoraceae) and all generic segregates (except Euglypha within Aristolochiaceae) of Piperales. A lar

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9

Goddard, Matthew. "The ecology and evolution of selfish genes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11419.

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10

Ramon, Marina L. "Molecular ecology and evolution of intertidal sculpins /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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11

Lee, Patricia Lee-Ming. "Ecology and evolution of swift-ectoparasite interactions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363756.

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12

Clegg, Robert James. "Modelling the ecology and evolution of microorganisms." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5608/.

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Theoretical models in microbiology have a relative short but successful history. Research presented in this thesis explores the evolutionary origin of aging and the methods used to quantify syntrophic cooperation between microbial species that are distantly related. The mathematical and computational tools used in doing so are developed and discussed in detail. Microorganisms were long thought to be capable of immortality until recent evidence demonstrated otherwise. Theoretical models suggest that aging strategies sacrificing repair for segregation of damage have highest evolutionary fitness,

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13

Longdon, Ben John. "Evolution and ecology of Drosophila sigma viruses." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5768.

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Insects are host to a diverse range of vertically transmitted micro-organisms, but while their bacterial symbionts are well-studied, little is known about their vertically transmitted viruses. The sigma virus (DMelSV) is currently the only natural hostspecific pathogen to be described in Drosophila melanogaster. In this thesis I have examined; the diversity and evolution of sigma viruses in Drosophila, their transmission and population dynamics, and their ability to host shift. I have described six new rhabdoviruses in five Drosophila species — D. affinis, D. obscura, D. tristis, D. immigrans

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14

Havran, J. Christopher. "Ecology and Evolution of the Hawaiian Violets." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1210337818.

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15

Hackmann, Timothy Spain James Nobles. "Studies of ruminant digestion, ecology, and evolution." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5688.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on September 24, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. James Spain. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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16

Wahlberg, Niklas. "The ecology and evolution of melitaeine butterflies." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/ekolo/vk/wahlberg/.

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17

Wilson, Howard B. "Applications of dynamical systems in ecology." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387403.

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18

Coelho, de Souza Fernanda. "The evolution of carbon cycle in tropical forests : integrating ecology and evolution." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20880/.

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Present-day patterns of species diversity and their ecological characteristics in the tropics result from more than 100 million years of evolution. The environmental conditions in which species evolved have left a fingerprint on their functional traits, so investigating this legacy may improve our understanding of current patterns of ecosystem function and potentially guide us in managing our resources more wisely as the climate changes. Amazonian forests are ideal for such a study as they play a major role in the global carbon cycle and harbour a remarkable diversity of angiosperm lineages an

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19

Tompkins, Daniel Michael. "Evolutionary ecology of bird-parasite associations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a5f5ea19-b799-490b-b738-99ff52df25c1.

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This thesis investigates the ecological determinants of chewing louse (Insecta: Phthiraptera) host-specificity on four species of Malaysian swiftlets (Aves: Apodidae). Influences of host coloniality on louse ecology were also demonstrated, illustrating the dependence which these permanent ectoparasites have on their hosts. Louse collections were made to look for incidences of host-specific lice occurring on the "wrong" host ("straggling"). Straggling was observed, implying that lice disperse among host species. Thus, opportunity for louse dispersal (or lack thereof) does not govern the host-sp

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Fernández, Guerra Antonio. "Ecology and evolution of microbial nitrifiers / Ecología y evolución de los microorganismos nitrificantes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/108001.

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Ammonia oxidation, the first and the rate-limiting step in nitrification, is one of the cornerstones of the cycle. Members from the bacterial and archaeal domains are key players in ammonia oxidation in many different environ- ments. Usually these organisms are found coexisting but the most recent studies suggests that archaeal ammonia oxidizers show an incredible ability to adapt and oxidize ammonia under different environmental conditions and have displaced their bacterial counterparts in terms of importance in the global biogeochemical cycle, providing an avalanche of AOA molecular data (16

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21

Inglis, Robert Fredrik. "The evolutionary ecology of spiteful bacteriocin production." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:524eaef3-0336-4127-9cd1-60d84a00f2e3.

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Understanding the conditions that favour the evolution and maintenance of spiteful bacteriocin production combines two important questions from the fields of social evolution and microbiology. Spiteful behaviours, though, initially thought to be rare represent an important class of interactions between bacteria through the production of bacteriocins. Bacteriocins can be considered spiteful as they are costly to produce (in many cases requiring lysis) and are costly to sensitive bacteria (i.e. they are lethal). However, much about the ecology of spiteful behaviours and bacteriocin production re

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22

Cornejo, Castillo Francisco Miquel. "Diversity, ecology and evolution of marine diazotrophic microorganisms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461801.

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Biological N2 fixation, the reduction of dinitrogen (N2) gas to biologically available nitrogen, is a fundamental process since it represents a source of new nitrogen for marine life in areas where this important element can be limiting, supporting primary productivity and thus biological carbon export to the deep ocean. This process is performed by the nitrogen-fixing prokaryotic microorganisms (the so-called diazotrophs). However, very little is still known about the identity and ecology of diazotrophs, which largely limits our capacity to understand the global significance of this process,

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23

Zukewich, Joshua William Anthony. "Space matters : evolution and ecology in structured populations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43512.

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The inclusion of spatial structure in biological models has revealed important phenomenon not observed in “well-mixed” populations. In particular, cooperation may evolve in a network-structured population whereas it cannot in a well-mixed population. However, the success of cooperators is very sensitive to small details of the model architecture. In Chapter 1 I investigate two popular biologically-motivated models of evolution in finite populations: Death-Birth (DB) and Birth-Death (BD) processes. Under DB cooperation may be favoured, while under BD it never is. In both cases reproduction is p

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24

Buckley, Yvonne Maria. "Ecology, evolution and manipulation of invasive plant populations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271748.

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Segar, Simon T. "The ecology and evolution of fig wasp communities." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558774.

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I use the fig/fig wasp system to address several questions in the fields of evolutionary and community ecology. I present a general review of speciation and community ecology in insects on plants in general and in fig trees (genus Ficus) and fig wasps (Hymenoptera: Cha1cidoidea) in particular. Following on from this introduction are four experimental chapters. The first experimental chapter investigates the contrasting impact of two genera of parasitic, or non-pollinating fig wasps, on their host Ficus and its pollinating wasps. I present my findings in terms of community ecology and mutualism

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26

García, Víctor Manuel Rodríguez. "Molecular ecology and evolution of Ariocarpus Scheidweiler (Cactaceae)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608363.

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Mexico is a centre of diversity for cacti. The predominantly Mexican genus Ariocarpus Scheidweiler, comprises geophytic cacti endemic to the Chihuahuan Desert. Recent authors recognise seven species in the genus, and many infraspecific taxa have been recognised by these and other authors. All the species are threatened. Proficient management of the Ariocarpu5 species genetic resource, with respect to conservation programs, requires a good understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of the genus and its evolutionary history as well as the levels of genetic diversity in-situ and ex-situ, and

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27

Cubillos-Ruiz, Andrés Fernando, Jessica Weidemier Thompson, Jamie William Becker, Sallie W. Chisholm, Yanxiang Shi, der Donk Wilfred A. Van, and Audrey Olshefsky. "Ecology and evolution of lanthipeptides in marine picocyanobacteria." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101829.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Each chapter with its own abstract. Each appendix with its own summary.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Microbial secondary metabolites are among the most structurally and functionally complex molecules in nature. Lanthipeptides are ribosomally derived peptide secondary metabolites that undergo extensive post-translational modification. Most lanthipeptides are bactericidal but they are also known to act as signaling molecules or morphogenetic peptides, neverth

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28

Allen, Richard Charles. "Secreted virulence factors : evolution, ecology and therapeutic manipulation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25789.

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Bacterial infections are an increasing cause for concern as resistance spreads to the majority of our front line antibiotics. To counter antibiotic resistance, new treatment regimens and drug targets are being investigated, including directly targeting bacterial virulence (pathogen-induced harm to the host), and therapies which target resistance mechanisms. The outcome of successful treatment with these compounds is not always killing or halting growth of bacteria, therefore selection for resistance to these types of therapeutics is complex. This complexity is increased by the secretion of man

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Coyte, Katharine. "The ecology and evolution of complex microbial communities." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:61ef24cb-93b5-4c5a-8a49-f2aea4eff3db.

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Microbial communities colonise virtually every habitable environment on earth. They live on us, inside us, and all around us, and are key components of the earth's ecosystem. However, due to the complexity of microbial communities we still understand relatively little about the mechanisms that drive their ecology and evolution. The aim of this thesis is to develop novel experimental and mathematical approaches, in order to investigate complex microbial communities. Specifically, this thesis is split into two parts, focussing in turn on how environmental complexity, and interspecies interaction

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30

De, Winter Gunnar. "The ecology and evolution of individual behavioural variation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44995/.

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Central to this thesis is the investigation of how several factors (e.g. morphology, ecology, and social conditions) co-vary with consistent individual behavioural variation. Additionally, conceptual work explores the reach of consistent inter-individual behavioural variation in several novel contexts. In doing so, the aim is to contribute novel findings to the quickly growing compendium of knowledge concerning 'animal personality' in various settings. In summary, during this PhD the following research has been performed: • Through the use of lab-reared juvenile three-spined stickleback (Gaste

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31

Oliver, Thomas Henry. "The ecology and evolution of ant-aphid interactions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/4412.

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The evolution of species interactions is a fascinating subject, and one of vital importance if we are to understand how biological communities change over time. This thesis considers the interaction between aphids (Homoptera) and ants (Formicidae). Ants tend aphids for sugary honeydew and in return provide a variety of protective services. A literature review in Chapter 1 introduces the subject and provides background information. Chapter 2 considers ant- aphid interactions in a community setting. Specifically, I consider the fitness effects of the ant- aphid interaction on host plants. Net be

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32

Stireman, John Oscar. "The ecology and evolution of tachinid-host associations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289745.

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The Tachinidae is a taxonomically and ecologically diverse clade of parasitoids for which evolutionary and ecological relationships with hosts are largely unknown. Here, I employed a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the determinants of patterns of host use in the Tachinidae. First, I examined spatio-temporal variation in the tachinid-dominated parasitoid assemblage of one lepidopteran species Grammia geneura . The parasitoid assemblage and parasitism rates varied dramatically among and within sampling sites, seasons, and years. I show that this variability may be a function of habitat-sp

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33

Dillard, Jacqueline Rae. "ECOLOGY, MONOGAMY, AND THE EVOLUTION OF ANIMAL FAMILIES." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/biology_etds/59.

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Family-living has been recognized as a necessary prerequisite for the evolution of advanced cooperative societies, yet the evolutionary and ecological processes that drive the coupling of different forms of cooperation in family-based societies are still poorly understood. In my dissertation, I investigate the correlated evolution of parental care, monogamy, and cooperative breeding in a variety of family-based taxa. I explore the mating and social behavior of family-living beetles with incipient cooperation to better understand the factors driving these social traits. Specifically, I evaluate

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34

Monks, Neale. "Ecology, stratigraphy and phylogeny of the heteromorph ammonoidea of the Albian." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8952.

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35

Mondor, Edward Brian. "The ecology and evolution of aphid alarm signaling behaviour." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ61665.pdf.

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36

Dunlop, Jennifer Michelle. "The evolution of behaviour and ecology in emballonuridae (Chiroptera)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27289.pdf.

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37

Puebla, Oscar. "Molecular ecology and evolution in "Hypoplectrus" coral reef fishes." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95551.

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The marine environment presents fewer absolute geographic barriers to gene flow than its terrestrial and freshwater counterparts. In addition, the prevalence of planktonic larval stages in marine taxa provides potential for gene flow across large geographic distances. These observations raise two fundamental questions. How do new species arise in the marine environment? Considering the potential for gene flow in marine systems, it remains unclear to what extent allopatric speciation alone can account for the high levels of diversity observed in the marine realm, whether marine speciation also

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38

Harrison, Elizabeth Freya. "Cooperative behaviour in Pseudomonas aeruginosa : ecology, evolution and pathology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444928.

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39

Keeling, Matthew James. "The ecology and evolution of spatial host-parasite systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/30/.

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All ecological and epidemiological systems are embedded in space and composed of individuals; these facts often have a profound effect on the dynamics and means many tools and definitions require reformulation. Modelling has always been about taking highly complex dynamical systems, such as the natural environment, and attempting to simplify them to a leve that can be conceptualised, in the process losing all the features that are not understood or not anticipated. The individual based spatial models which form the basis of this work start from the simple rules for individuals and build up to

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40

Goodwin, Nicholas B. "The evolution and ecology of parental care in fishes." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323386.

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41

Hayward, Alex. "The evolution and ecology of oak gall wasp communities." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14033.

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Oak cynipids initiate the growth of highly complex galls on plants in the genus <i>Quercus </i>and related genera in the family Fagaceae. These galls support closed communities consisting of high diversities of gall inducers, inquilines and natural enemies. Key questions regarding the evolution and ecology of these communities remain unanswered. In particular, the role that phylogeography of component species plays remains unclear. Communities associated with different gall wasps vary in composition and structure, but little is known about the processes generating such variation. This thesis a

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42

Boalt, Elin. "Ecology and evolution of tolerance in two cruciferous species." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Botany, Stockholm University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8139.

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Marijnissen, S. A. E. "Lake Tanganyika crabs evolution, ecology, and implications for conservation /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/54978.

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44

Partridge, Lucas William. "Facets of the ecology, behaviour and evolution of ants." Thesis, University of Bath, 1993. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357941.

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45

Jeffery, Charlotte Hannah. "Echinoid evolution across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8292.

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Pearson, Paul Nicholas. "Evolution and phylogeny of Palaeogene planktonic foraminifera." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386154.

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Janyakhantikul, Somwang. "Evolution of CCL3L1/CCL4L1 haplotypes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13404/.

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CCL3LI and CCL4LI are chemokine genes, located on chromosome 17q12. They are copy number variable genes which share 95% sequence identity with their non-copy number variable paralogues CCL3 and CCL4. The copy number of these genes varies between populations and has been reported to be associated with phenotypes such as susceptibility to HIV infection, hepatitis C virus infection, Kawasaki disease and SLE. The aim of this study is to understand the evolutionary history of variation at the CCL3L1/CCL4LI cluster. To accomplish this goal, several approaches including typing microsatellites, single

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48

Sayol, Altarriba Ferran. "Causes and consequences of brain size evolution: a global analysis on birds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565697.

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Per què alguns llinatges de vertebrats, incloent els humans, han evolucionat cervells grans és un dels grans trencaclosques de la biologia evolutiva. De les varies hipòtesis que s’han plantejat per intentar resoldre aquest misteri, la variació ambiental destaca com una de les principals causes de la variació en la mida relativa del cervell. Més formalment, la hipòtesis del cervell protector (CBH, de Cognitive buffer hypothesis”, en anglès) postula que els cervells relativament més grans han evolucionat per facilitar els ajustos de comportament per augmentar la supervivència en condicions canvi

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Marrow, Paul. "The evolution and dynamics of interacting populations." Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14175/.

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Samani, Pedram. "Experimental evolution of yeast in a deteriorating environment." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95196.

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The rapid pace of anthropogenic global change threatens global biodiversity and the integrity of ecosystems. It is now paramount to understand how organisms can adapt to these changes. Here, I review the literature on the genetic nature of stress responses in Drosophila and bacteria. Then I test how yeast populations adapted to a particular stressor, salt, can resist related stressors which they have not experienced in their recent past, freezing and sorbitol. We found that lines adapted to high salinity did not show increased resistance to sorbitol and freezing. Finally, again with yeast subj

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