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1
Tisdell, Clement A. "Environmental Conservation: Economics, Ecology, and Ethics." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 2 (1989): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900008870.
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This paper argues that the comparative lack of concern for Nature conservation in the ‘Western World’ has been a product of its economic development experience, the nature of its economic systems and economic organizations (both market and centrally controlled ‘state socialist’), and its centralized political systems as well as its Judaic-Christian value system. But some change in attitude has occurred in recent years, and there is now far more readiness than formerly to consider the economic and direct benefits to Man of conservation of living resources (see, for example, the World Conservation Strategy), and growing interest in the possible ethical rights of other sentient (and perhaps even non-sentient) beings. In general, however, economists remain unsympathetic to ecologists who do not subscribe to their economic value-systems.
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Omelchenko, Irina, Oleg Dozortzev, Marina Danilina, Alexander Vas’kov, Ekaterina Safonova, and Alexander Safonov. "Environmental management and the organization of labor rationing in industrialized countries at the corporate level." E3S Web of Conferences 217 (2020): 11016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021711016.
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Approaches to solving environmental problems should be developed taking into account the concept of the “triangle of sustainable development”. The sides of this triangle are not only “ecology” and “economics” and their interactions, but also “social factors”, taking into account direct and reverse relationships. The implementation of active environmental management by companies and an integrated approach to environmental protection require the involvement of personnel at all levels of work to address these issues, motivation of personnel, and the creation of conditions for advanced training in a new area. Under these conditions, the issue of labor rationing is also of particular relevance. Based on content analysis, the authors investigate various systems of developed countries.
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Heinen, Joel T., and Roberta (‘Bobbi’) S. Low. "Human Behavioural Ecology and Environmental Conservation." Environmental Conservation 19, no. 2 (1992): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030575.
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We contend that humans, as living organisms, evolved to sequester resources to maximize reproductive success, and that many basic aspects of human behaviour reflect this evolutionary history. Much of the environment with which we currently deal is evolutionarily novel, and much behaviour which is ultimately not in our own interests, persists in this novel environment. Environmentalists frequently stress the need for ‘sustainable development’, however it is defined (seeRedclift, 1987), and we contend that a knowledge of how humans are likely to behave with regard to resource use, and therefore a knowledge of what kinds of programmes are likely to work in any particular situation, is necessary to achieve sustainability. Specifically, we predict that issues which are short-term, local, and/or acute, such as an immediate health-risk, will be much easier to solve than issues which are broad, and which affect individuals other than ourselves, our relatives, and our friends. The bigger the issue is, the less effective is likely to be the response. Hence, the biggest and most troublesome ecological issues will be the most difficult to solve —inter aliabecause of our evolutionary history as outlined above.This may not appear to bode well for the future of the world; for example, Molte (1988) contends that there are several hundred international environmental agreements in place, but Carroll (1988) contends that, in general, none of them is particularly effective if the criterion for effectiveness is a real solution to the problem. There are countless examples of ‘aggressors’ (those nations causing the problem) not complying with an agreement, slowing its ratification, or reducing its effectiveness (e.g.the USversusCanada, or Great BritainversusSweden, with regard to acid rain legislation: Fig. 1,cf.Bjorkbom, 1988). The main problem in these cases is that the costs are externalized and hence discounted by those receiving the benefits of being able to pollute. Any proposed change is bound to conflict with existing social structures, and negotiations necessarily involve compromise in aquid pro quofashion (Brewer, 1980). We contend, along with Caldwell (1988) and Putnam (1988), that nations are much too large to think of as individual actors in these spheres. Interest groups within nations can affect ratification of international environmental treaties; for example, automobile industry interestsversusthose of environmental NGOs in the USA on the acid rain issue. It may even be that our evolutionary history is inimical to the entire concept of the modern nation state.Barring major, global, socio-political upheaval, we suggest that a knowledge of the evolution of resource use by humans can be used to solve at least some resource-related problems in modern industrial societies. In some cases, these can probably be solved with information alone, and in other cases, the problems can probably be solved by playing on our evolutionary history as social reciprocators; environmental problems which tend to be relatively local and short-term may be solvable in these ways. Economic incentives can provide solutions to many other types of problems by manipulating the cost and benefits to individuals. We suggest that broader, large-scale environmental problems are much more difficult to solve than narrower, small-scale ones, precisely because humans have evolved to discount such themes; stringent regulations and the formation of coalitions, combined with economic incentives to use alternatives and economic disincentives (fines) not to do so, may be the only potential solutions to some major, transboundary environmental issues.In preparing this argument, we have reviewed literature from many scholarly fields well outside the narrow scope of our expertise in behavioural ecology and wildlife conservation. Our reading of many works from anthropology, economics, political science, public policy, and international development, will doubtless seem naïve and simplistic to practitioners of those fields, and solving all environmental problems will ultimately take expertise from all of these fields and more. In general, however, we have found agreement for many of our ideas from these disparate disciplines, but much of their literature does not allow for a rigorous, quantitative hypothesis-testing approach to analysing the main thesis presented here — an approach that we, as scientists, would encourage. We hope to challenge people interested in environmental issues from many perspectives, to consider our arguments and find evidence,proorcon, so that we (collectively) may come closer to a better analysis of, and ultimately to solutions for, our most pressing environmental problems.
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Letunovska, Nataliia, Oleksii Lyuolyov, Tetyana Pimonenko, and Vadym Aleksandrov. "Environmental management and social marketing: a bibliometric analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 234 (2021): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123400008.
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The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and dynamics of scientific publications in the field of environmental management and social marketing in their relationship. The authors analyzed the original keywords in the field of environmental management and social marketing. They carried out the analysis of works in the Scopus scientometric database with the subsequent use of the analytics built in the database, as well as modern software for bibliometric analysis VOSviewer and SciMAT. This study included many papers published in seven languages in the field of economics and ecology (also taking into account works from the interdisciplinary category to more fully include all possible papers). Library analysis has revealed the popularity of the use of these categories with authors from different countries with research over the years. Listed six clusters of a collaboration of countries by co-authorship. The journals with the most massive citations of the analyzed categories are listed. There is a stable dynamics of the number of studies in these categories in the subperiod 2011-2016. However, current trends until 2020 show that the popularity of research, and most importantly, their relevance will remain at the peak in subsequent years. The study may be the basis for further research in the use of marketing principles to deepen the theory of environmental management.
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Benton, Christine, and Raymond Benton. "Why Teach Environmental Ethics? Because We Already Do." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 8, no. 2-3 (2004): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568535042690790.
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AbstractIn this paper we argue for the importance of the formal teaching of environmental ethics. This is, we argue, both because environmental ethics is needed to respond to the environmental issues generated by the neoliberal movement in politics and economics, and because a form of environmental ethics is implicit, but unexamined, in that which is currently taught. We maintain that students need to become aware of the latent ethical dimension in what they are taught. To help them, we think that they need to understand how models and metaphors structure and impact their worldviews. We describe how a simple in-class exercise encourages students to experience the way metaphors organize feelings, courses of action, and cognitive understandings. This is then intellectualized by way of Clifford Geertz's concept of culture and his model for the analysis of sacred symbols. From there we present a brief interpretation of modern economics as the embodiment of the dominant modern ethos. This leads into a consideration of ecology as a science, and to the environmental ethic embodied in Aldo Leopold's "Land Ethic." We close with a personal experience that highlights how environmental teaching can make students aware of the presence of an implicit, but unexamined, environmental ethic.
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Schaefer, Jame. "Environmental Ethics from An Interdisciplinary Perspective: The Marquette Experience." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 8, no. 2-3 (2004): 336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568535042690754.
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AbstractMarquette University's new Interdisciplinary Minor in Environmental Ethics moves beyond a multidisciplinary approach to learning by integrating and applying the knowledge and skills acquired in ecology, natural resource economics, environmental philosophy, earth physics, and theology courses. The first two years of this interdisciplinary program provided an opportunity for faculty and students to experiment with collaborative methods in their individual courses, and culminated in a capstone seminar that focused on the ethical implications of electricity generation and use in the United States. From this experience, a more comprehensive approach to addressing environmental problems from an ethical perspective was developed, and more effective ways of teaching and learning were identified to improve the program.
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Guo, Ying, Yu Gao, Dong Bo Cao, and Hong Bo Pan. "Analysis of Relationship of Environmental Geo-Technology and Urban Eco-Tourism Development." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 3599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.3599.
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Environmental Geo-technology involves not only the ecology but also the basic theory of environmental economics, management, control and monitoring aspects, so it is the ultimate goal that closes to the service the strategic policy of sustainable development of human economic system. Eco-tourism is a new form of tourism which is using a sustainable development as its guiding ideology, and it is the construction of ecological city of Shenyang is an important aspect. The paper combined with the request of Shenyang’s detailed condition, and then given some suggestions to improve the protection measures of Ecological environment by using geo-technology so that it can lead eco-tourism of Shenyang to the road of sustainable development.
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Tang, Yue Qin, and Z. B. Tang. "Exploration of Industrial Ecology Growth Base on Po Yang Lake Ecological Economic Zone." Key Engineering Materials 458 (December 2010): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.380.
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This paper addresses issues concerning industrial growth and industrial pollution abatement in a developing region during the course of modernization. It follows the methodology of ecosystems to preserve the clean fresh water and the environments around the Po Yang Lake area in Jiangxi province where a state program has been recently approved for ecological experimentation. Thus, economic development as a whole is featured in pollution limits and environmental remediation in order to achieve dynamic ecological equilibrium and foster sustainable development. In conclusion, industrial ecology is presented along ecological economics through the mechanism of life-cycle management, firm retiring and energy saving by means of eco-design and advancement of environmental technologies.
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Martínez Alier, Joan. "A global environmental justice movement: mapping ecological distribution conflicts." Disjuntiva. Crítica de les Ciències Socials 1, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/disjuntiva2020.1.2.6.
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The industrial economy is not circular, it is entropic, therefore requiring new supplies of energy and materials extracted from the “commodity frontiers”, and producing polluting waste. Therefore, ecological distribution conflicts arise. The Global Atlas of Environmental Justice is an online inventory of such ecological distribution conflicts based on scholarly and activist knowledge. It reached 3200 entries by July 2020 (ejtlas.org) allowing research on such conflicts in the field of comparative, statistical political ecology. The EJAtlas is used for research but also for university teaching in the environmental social sciences and in business economics and management. It is a unique instrument co-produced with and supporting environmental movements. One can do comparative analyses on the social actors involved in the conflicts and their forms of mobilization, and also on the behaviour of private or public companies. Research may focus on countries or regions but also on cross-cultural topics such as gold and copper mining, sand mining, dams, eucalyptus or oil palm plantations, incinerators and other methods of waste disposal, coal fired power plants, gas fracking, nuclear reactors, CAFOs. Analyses are done also on the cross- cultural expressions (slogans, banners, documentaries, murals) of the conflicts gathered in the EJAtlas. The wealth of research coming from the EJAtlas gives an affirmative answer to the question: Is there a global environmental justice movement? Making old or emergent conflicts more visible contributes to placing political ecology at the centre of politics.
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Fischer, Thomas B., and Urmila Jha-Thakur. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RELATED MASTER LEVEL DEGREE PROGRAMMES IN THE EU: BASELINE, TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500208.
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Environmental assessment and management (EAM) is an inherently interdisciplinary subject, drawing on science (e.g. ecology, biology, physical geography), social science (e.g. decision making theory, political sciences, planning) and economics. Due to the absence of a clear disciplinary home, understanding of EAM related higher education degree programmes has remained poor. Furthermore, teaching of EAM is influenced by how it is practiced and therefore differs from country to country. The aim of this paper is to shed light on this still under researched area by establishing a comprehensive overview of EAM related master level degree programmes across the EU. In this context, current baseline and emerging trends as well as challenges and opportunities are presented and discussed. The paper is aimed specifically at those interested in EAM higher education, e.g. researchers, university teachers and (prospective) students.
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TACCONI, LUCA. "Developing environmental governance research: the example of forest cover change studies." Environmental Conservation 38, no. 2 (May 31, 2011): 234–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892911000233.
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SUMMARYEnvironmental problems are often complex and it is widely recognized that they cannot be satisfactorily addressed by single disciplines. The review of forest cover change studies points to the need to carry out research integrating economic, political, social and environmental aspects. Existing interdisciplinary study areas, namely ecological economics, political ecology, sustainability science and Earth system governance do not yet fully integrate all the required aspects. This paper points out that the establishment of greater synergies between those study areas would be beneficial in developing the broader study area of environmental governance. A definition of environmental governance as a subject of study is developed. Lack of an all encompassing theory of environmental governance is highlighted, while the improbability of such a theory is acknowledged. In relation to normative work, the refinement of principles of good environmental governance could support the design and prioritization of policies. Empirical research needs to include the testing of hypotheses arising from theoretical developments, assessment of policy uptake and new exploratory research. Methodologically, environmental governance might start from an interdisciplinary approach followed by further integration leading to a transdisciplinary study area that uses a mixed methods research approach.
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KRYSHTANOVYCH, Myroslav, Valeriia GOLUB, Volodymyr KОZAKOV, Tetyana PAKHOMOVA, and Oleg POLOVTSEV. "Socio-Ecological Effect of Public Management of Green Development in the Context of the Philosophy of Modern Ecology." WISDOM 19, no. 3 (September 25, 2021): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v19i3.493.
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In recent years, the idea of Green economy has been widely discussed by experts in environmental economics and in various political forums. Many countries use various tools and principles of Green economy in their national policies and growth strategies. However, some countries fear that the transition to a Green economy model may hamper their development in the context of the philosophy of modern ecology. That is why the formation of a clear methodology for the Green economy is essential today. The article discusses the prerequisites for implementation, the basic principles of Green economy into the pub- lic administration system, and provides a system for modelling ways to implement the principles of Green economy using the IDEF0 methodology in the context of the philosophy of modern modern philosophy ecology. This methodology allows seeing clearly the ways and means of achieving this goal.
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Zanić, Mate, Tea Tomljanović, and Daniel Matulić. "A Review of Aquaculture Research in Croatia Published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries Since 1938." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 75, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2017-0011.
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Abstract 51 articles published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries from 1938 until 2016, covering aquaculture research in Croatia, have been included in this study. Published articles have been classified into seven groups based on their main topics. Topics include: aquaculture statistics in Croatia; disease and health care; farming technology; management, economics and environmental protection; fish nutrition and product quality; improving aquaculture; and species biology and ecology. The study concisely informs about aquaculture research in Croatia since 1938. Due to large contribution to the research, development and quality management of Croatian aquaculture, further promotion and development of Croatian Journal of Fisheries is required.
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Grayman, W. M., H. J. Day, and R. Luken. "Regional water quality management for the Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 10 (November 1, 2003): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0528.
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A three-year study that started solely as an industrial pollution reduction effort in Dong Nai Province of Vietnam expanded into an ongoing regional river basin water quality management effort. The project was a cooperative effort between the United Nations (UNDP and UNIDO) and the Federal and Provincial governments in Vietnam. A comprehensive approach was used to assess the impacts and strategies for reducing industrial, municipal and agricultural pollution to the water, air and land. The strategy was based upon use of knowledge in four subject areas, economics, ecology, technology and institutions, integrated within a framework for regional environmental quality management, sometimes called Areawide Environmental Quality Management (AEQM). Dong Nai Province encompasses a major developing area immediately north of Ho Chi Minh City. The land area chosen for the AEQM study is the 1,400 square kilometre region in and around Bien Hoa that drains into the Dong Nai River. The Dong Nai River serves many purposes including navigation, fisheries and a water supply for both the Province and Ho Chi Minh City. Extensive industrial and residential development was underway and was projected to increase in the coming decade. A strategy for the control of pollution from liquid, gaseous and solid wastes for the period 1998 to 2010 in Dong Nai Province was developed.
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Anilkumar E.N. and Sridharan R. "Sustainable Supply Chain Management." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 8, no. 3 (July 2019): 15–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2019070102.
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Sustainability, the simultaneous management of economic, environmental and social dimensions in a supply chain is a challenging research area in supply chain management. Researchers have adopted different techniques to integrate the three components of sustainability. But the relationship between different sustainability initiatives and the performance outcomes are still to be analyzed systematically. In the present study, the review of various works published in sustainable supply chain management domain is carried out with a hybrid method of meta-analysis and content analysis. The research papers were selected based on different theories of sustainable development. The theories considered in the present study are the following; theory of population ecology, resource-based view theory, natural resource-based view theory, resource dependence theory, stakeholder theory, and transaction cost economics theory. The developments in the sustainable supply chain management area and the methodologies used for modelling and analysis are reviewed using this hybrid method by carefully analyzing the literature published during the period 2005-2017. This review will enable researchers in identifying the potential areas for research on sustainable supply chain management.
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Phan, Tuyet Thi Yen. "Economics, culture and social issues of coastal areas in Southern Vietnam and sustainable development." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i1.1253.
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Economic and socio-cultural issues of 9 coastal provinces and cities in southern Vietnam were investigated within the framework of sustainability which viewed development as not only fulfilling the needs of current generations but future ones also. At the same time, development had to insure synchronized growth in economics – society – environment according to aims and plans of the region in particular and the whole country in general. Moreover, we approached the issues within theoretical framework of cultural ecology, area studies, ecology and anthropology by applying interdisciplinary methods. For secondary data, we accessed reports from related offices in the provinces and cities, and the national and provinces’ Decisions of sea strategies until 2020. We discovered that the issues of economics, society and culture of the region have always been involved environmental protection, resources preservation and preparation for potential huge damages of climate change which are significant contents and challenges of sustainable development. To solve the problems in the relations between human and physical environment in maritime anthropological perspectives is to solve the relationship between maritime environment and human subsistent activities based on which proper strategies toward sustainable development for the communities may be attained. The problems of aquaculture’s sustainable development in the region are definitely environmental ones which should be taken into account in the provinces’ and cities’ proposing and implementing resource management policies in order for the environment to revive and thus ensure a sustainable living habitat for human.
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SADCHENKO, O. V., and I. V. ROBUL. "ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING SPACE OF THE ECONOMICS OF EXPERIENCE." Economic innovations 22, no. 1(74) (March 20, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.1(74).129-139.
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Topicality. It is relevant to determine the equilibrium dynamic state of the system based on the harmonization of the interaction between economic and environmental subsystems in the market space. The product of the economy of experience is: a product or service plus additional profit from experience. Impression - entertainment, training, the possibility of personal participation, self-expression, the development of social contacts and skills (socialization) and more, these are added value factors. Additional costs in the originality or uniqueness of a product or service are paid off and bring additional profit. Therefore, goods or services related to natural resources or conditions are especially relevant. The economics of experience should be considered in the economic and environmental marketing space, which will allow to form the price of goods and services that increases in the first case (location) from the additional costs for rent and additional profit for the uniqueness of receiving a service in this area or increasing due to the impression of a product or service and overlapping cost of services. In the second case, the price of the service is adjusted relative to additional costs and profits for the originality of the provision of impression services. That is, we can consider differential rents of the first and second order taking into account the environmental factor. Rent in the conditions of the economy of experience - additional income received by the entrepreneur in excess of a certain profit for the uniqueness of the location of his activities and capital; the formation of environmental rents, when considering the natural resource potential, is due to more favorable location conditions in which one entrepreneur is in front of another, not in equal conditions. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the economic and environmental marketing space in the context of the development of the economy of experience by substantiating the theoretical and scientific-practical foundations of the formation of the mechanism of economic and environmental innovative development. Research results. Issues related to the “economy of experience” make it possible to go to that level of economic development that allows you to take advantage of the competitive advantages of this enterprise. When considering the innovation and ecological space, competitive advantages can be used more effectively in terms of attracting impressions to meet the needs of both the B2B, B2C market and international markets. Impression marketing is an additional human activity that relates to the market in the conditions of fierce competition and a saturated market, when its principles serve as the only possible way to ensure profitability and plus additional profitability of production, growth and development of the enterprise. Market orientation determines the main areas of economic activity and evaluates its results by the value of the final income. A distinctive feature of such a service is that it can exist only with the relationship between the buyer of the service, the manufacturer of the service and the “additional service”, which does not always depend on the manufacturer of the service, but is formed depending on the location, historical value of the place or the unusual nature of the service , that is, from the uniqueness of the provision of this service. So, in fact, the consumer pays for a pleasant, sometimes unforgettable experience, and the producer (owner) of this service overpays (relative to the average price level) for rent or for the purchase of additional fixed assets (or additional investments). The manufacturer must have compensation for the "overpayment" and, of course, additional profit. So, the consumer pays extra money for an additional service-impression, and the owner also pays extra either for renting a room or for the additional supply of this service, that is, “impression” is the additional costs that are reflected in the price of the goods. An impression in the economic sense is additional costs and additional profit. Only ecologically high-quality goods and the same high-quality environmental services are in real demand in the market and can attract consumers. Proceeding both from the interests of society as a whole and each member of the society, it is necessary to use new forms of organizing production, business and labor, improving the structure of production and economic activity, taking into account national characteristics of nature management. The condition for the formation of environmental rents is not only the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the resource (resource-goods - land), but also the environmental characteristics of this resource and products grown on this site. Therefore, with the expenditure of equal capital, they give a different quantity and quality of products. Ecological rent can be formed on the worst land fertility, but the best environmental characteristics. At the same time, lands of higher categories can be removed from agricultural circulation in connection with an environmental disaster. Therefore, in an economy of experience, when determining the price of “decision making”, environmental components must be taken into account, however, environmental degradation, depletion of natural resources, and excessive pollution indicate failures in the market mechanism. The economics of experience in modern conditions can change this negative practice. Conclusion. In modern conditions of economic development, a fundamentally new environmental policy of the state is needed, which would clearly define the strategy and tactics for improving relations between society, production and nature, the optimal combination of environmental, economic and marketing positions. In this regard, multidimensional studies of marketing systems that are part of integrated socio-ecological-economic systems, combined by information flows, are needed. In the process of formation of market structures of the economics of experience, the task is to combine the interests of the economy, society and improve the environment. Reducing pollution and conserving natural resources becomes beneficial to the economics of experience. If earlier the interests of economics and ecology were located in the plane of conflicts, now in the ecological and economic space their interests coincide: the producer receives additional profit, while improving the environment.
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Velychko, Tatiana. "Involvement of system management to achieve global goals of sustainable development in Ukraine." University Economic Bulletin, no. 48 (March 30, 2021): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2021-48-159-163.
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The subject of research is the theoretical and methodological aspects of involving system management to achieve the goals of sustainable development and practical areas of its implementation in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is the further development of areas and components of system management to achieve global goals of sustainable development in Ukraine, taking into account the principles of social responsibility and processes and opportunities for digitalization of the population. The methodological basis of the article were the theoretical and methodological provisions of economics of nature management, regional economy, demography, ecology; international and national normative-legislative acts, norms, initiatives on sustainable development. As a fundamental methodological approach, the article uses system-structural analysis and synthesis, as well as historical, monographic, statistical-economic, problem-target methods. The results of the article. The article highlights the concepts and ideas of sustainable development, identifies the features of system management for their achievement and priority areas for development for Ukraine, taking into account the country's ratings in the world community and their dynamics. Features of system management for the purposes of sustainable development are defined; identified its priority areas in Ukraine, taking into account its ratings in the global dimension. Field of application of results. In higher education institutions in the teaching of environmental economics, regional economics and sustainable development, in schools, environmental governmental and non-governmental organizations. Conclusions. It is determined that the most significant feature of the theory and practice of rural green tourism enterprises in European countries is the expansion of their functions from purely business to more socially necessary and significant - as tools for preservation and reproduction of rural areas, including depressed. This provides greater support at the level of local communities, government, which is appropriate for all uses. It is also advisable to use proven mechanisms and forms of tourism in the countryside.
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Hidayah, Zainul, Daniel M. Rosyid, and Haryo Dwito Armono. "Sustainability Analysis of Coastal Management in the Madura Strait." Applied Mechanics and Materials 874 (January 2018): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.874.10.
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Coastal area has a strategic value for the development of national economy and improving people's welfare. However, coastal area is also extremely vulnerable to environmental damage and destruction. Therefore, the need of sustainable management with regard to the dimension of ecological, economic, social and institutional is important. This research is aimed to overview the current condition of coastal area in the Madura strait and to formulate coastal management strategies in term of sustainable development. Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method was used in this research. Five dimensions (ecology, economy, social, technology and institution) were measured. The results showed that in general, coastal management of Madura Strait was less to moderately sustainable. It means that coastal management of the area has given enough contribution for the community; however the condition of the environment should be supervised closely to provide continuous benefit for future economics of the region.
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Thill, Donald C., Joan M. Lish, Robert H. Callihan, and Edward J. Bechinski. "Integrated Weed Management–A Component of Integrated Pest Management: A Critical Review." Weed Technology 5, no. 3 (September 1991): 648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00027500.
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Integrated weed management (IWM) is a component of integrated pest management (IPM), which is an interdisciplinary practice involving disciplines such as entomology, nematology, plant pathology, weed science, horticulture, agronomy, ecology, economics, and systems science. Most descriptions of IPM mention three elements: a) multiple tactics (for example, competitive varieties, cultural practices, herbicide usage) used in a compatible manner; b) pest populations maintained below levels that cause economic damage, and c) conservation of environmental quality. Integrated weed management was discussed in 1981 during a Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) Symposium entitled Integrated Weed Management Systems Technology for Crop Production and Protection. Topics presented included modeling weed biology, crop manipulation, biological control, herbicide technology, research needs, teaching approaches, and extension implementation. Our paper was presented as part of a symposium on IWM at the 1990 WSSA meeting. This paper describes some of the research that weed scientists have conducted during the past 40 yr. Topics examined include an introductory review of IPM, trends in several categories of weed research, goals and suggestions stated during the 1981 WSSA Symposium on IWM, IWM accomplishments since about 1981, and the future of IWM as a component of IPM.
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Salter, Stephen J. "When Low-Carbon means Low-Cost." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsesd.2011100102.
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Ecology is often discussed as a matter of balance, in which environmental protection must be affordable and not interfere with jobs or the economy. At the same time, the economy is based on wastefulness. It has been estimated that the embodied energy in wasted food in the United States is greater than the energy available from the production of ethanol and from the annual yield from petroleum drilling in the outer continental shelf (Cuéllar & Webber, 2010). In addition, rising demand for fossil fuels is being met by sources that bring increasing environmental risk. This paper summarizes the industrial ecology aspects of a 2010 study completed by a cross-functional team of specialists in ecology, engineering, economics, and governance in Vancouver, Canada. The Integrated Resource Recovery Study, Metro Vancouver North Shore Communities (the North Shore Study) modeled the value of producing reclaimed water, electricity, and heat from wastewater, clean organic wood waste, and waste heat from industry simultaneously. The results suggest that this integrated approach could yield significant ecological benefits, and reduce the community’s greenhouse gas emissions by 25%. In addition, revenues from sales of recovered heat, water, greenhouse gas credits, and fertilizer could significantly reduce the cost of municipal waste management to taxpayers.
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Ovchinnikova, Natalia, Daria Burdova, and Maria Garanova. "Arrangement for rational use and conservation of land resources in Rostov region." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016407005.
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This article covers the problem of rational use of land taking into account the economic and environmental aspects, aiming to eliminate any irrational use of land plots in the future. For this reason, it specifies the parameters characterizing the components of a rational land use concept, namely, its compliance with the intended use, sustainable soil fertility and environmental situation. The achievement of rationalization often contradicts the basic objectives of the concept of territorial development. To avoid such contradictions, the authors disclose the principles of rational land use. As of today, the concept of rational land use covers aspects in various spheres, such as ecology, economics, sociology, and, besides, affects environmental measures. Land resources management refers not only to the use of land resources, when natural and economic conditions and properties of the territory are the most fully taken into account, the fundamental socio-economic interests of the society are ensured, high efficiency of production and other activities is achieved, and the productive and other soil properties are recovered and ensured, but also to the possibility of using land by legitimate land users.
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Nguyen, Tuyet Thi Yen. "Economic-cultural-social issues of the coastal areas in Southern Vietnam and The Issue of Sustainable Development." Science and Technology Development Journal 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v16i3.1652.
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Economic and socio-cultural issues of 9 coastal provinces and cities in Southern Vietnam were investigated within the framework of sustainability which viewed development as not only fulfilling the needs of current generations but future ones also. At the same time, development had to insure synchronized growth in economics – society – environment according to aims and plans of the region in particular and the whole country in general. Moreover, we approached the issues within theoretical framework of cultural ecology, area studies, ecology and anthropology by applying interdisciplinary methods. For secondary data, we accessed reports from related offices in the provinces and cities, and the national and provinces’ Decisions of sea strategies until 2020. We discovered that the issues of economics, society and culture of the region have always been involved environmental protection, resources preservation and preparation for potential huge damages of climate change which are significant contents and challenges of sustainable development. To solve the problems in the relations between human and physical environment in maritime anthropological perspectives is to solve the relationship between maritime environment and human subsistent activities based on which proper strategies toward sustainable development for the communities may be attained. The problems of aquaculture’s sustainable development in the region are definitely environmental ones which should be taken into account in the provinces’ and cities’ proposing and implementing resource management policies in order for the environment to revive and thus ensure a sustainable living habitat for human.
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Zador, Stephani G., Sarah K. Gaichas, Stephen Kasperski, Colette L. Ward, Rachael E. Blake, Natalie C. Ban, Amber Himes-Cornell, and J. Zachary Koehn. "Linking ecosystem processes to communities of practice through commercially fished species in the Gulf of Alaska." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 7 (April 20, 2017): 2024–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx054.
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Abstract Marine ecosystems are complex, and there is increasing recognition that environmental, ecological, and human systems are linked inextricably in coastal regions. The purpose of this article was to integrate environmental, ecological and human dimensions information important for fisheries management into a common analytical framework. We then used the framework to examine the linkages between these traditionally separate subject areas. We focused on synthesis of linkages between the Gulf of Alaska marine ecosystem and human communities of practice, defined as different fisheries sectors. Our specific objective was to document the individual directional linkages among environmental, ecological, and human dimensions variables in conceptual models, then build qualitative network models to perform simulation analyses to test how bottom-up and top-down perturbations might propagate through these linkages. We found that it is both possible and beneficial to integrate environmental, ecological, and human dimensions information important for fisheries into a common framework. First, the conceptual models allowed us to synthesize information across a broad array of data types, representing disciplines such as ecology and economics that are more commonly investigated separately, often with distinct methods. Second, the qualitative network analysis demonstrated how ecological signals can propagate to human communities, and how fishery management measures may influence the system. Third, we found that incorporating multi-species interactions changed outcomes because the merged model reversed some of the ecological and human outcomes compared with single species analyses. Overall, we demonstrated the value of linking information from the natural and social sciences to better understand complex social–ecological systems, and the value of incorporating ecosystem-level processes into a traditionally single species management framework. We advocate for conceptual and qualitative network modelling as efficient foundational steps to inform ecosystem-based fisheries management.
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Fatemi, Mahsa, Kurosh Rezaei-Moghaddam, Ezatollah Karami, Dariush Hayati, and Mathis Wackernagel. "An integrated approach of Ecological Footprint (EF) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in human ecology: A base for planning toward sustainability." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): e0250167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250167.
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Environmental challenges to natural resources have been attributed to human behavior and traditional agricultural production techniques. Natural resource degradation in agriculture has always been a prime concern in agro ecological research and sustainability analysis. There are many techniques for assessing environmental performance; one of which, ecological footprint (EF), assesses human pressure on the environment and natural resources. The main purpose of this study was calculation of ecological indices including biocapacity (BC) and EF of rural areas of Fars province of Iran. The study was accomplished using survey and structured interviews consisting of three main questionnaires in two different steps. Different agricultural stakeholders, including farmers (for the first step) as well as the policymakers, extension managers and authorities (for the second step) were interviewed. Based on multi-stage stratified random sampling, 50 villages and 423 farmers were selected. Face validity and reliability of the questionnaires were assessed by a panel of specialists as well as conducting a pilot study, respectively. The paradigmatic perspectives of agricultural policy makers and managers (22 individuals) were also analyzed using another specific questionnaire by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Findings revealed that most of the studied villages faced a critical environmental condition due to the results of ecological indicator which was calculated in the study. According to the four main components of human ecology (POET model) including Population, Organization, Environment and Technology, village groups that differed in terms of sustainability level also showed significantly differences due to population, social participation, use of green technologies and attitude towards diverse environmental management paradigms. The causal model also revealed that population, green technology, social participation and attitude toward frontier economics, which were in accordance with the elements of human ecology model, were the main factors affecting the ecological index. Finally, AHP results determined the dominant economic perspectives of agricultural authorities. A paradigm shift toward the comprehensive paradigm of eco-development plus consideration of the results of the ecological indicator calculation as the base of agricultural planning at the local level were recommended.
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P. de Alencar, Natália M., Martin Le Tissier, Shona K. Paterson, and Alice Newton. "Circles of Coastal Sustainability: A Framework for Coastal Management." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 4886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124886.
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The coastal zone is a space where many social, economic, and political activities intersect with natural processes. In this paper, we present an adaptation of the method of ‘Circles of Sustainability’, used to provide a visual assessment of indicators that define sustainability profiles for cities. It is used as a basis for a ‘Circles of Coastal Sustainability’ (CCS) framework that can be used at multiple spatial scales to assess indicators of critical processes that facilitate/constrain sustainability of the world’s coastal zones. The development of such a framework can support management by identifying key features that influence environmental sustainability and human well-being. CCS presents a holistic assessment of four interdependent boundary domains: Environment and Ecology, Social and Cultural, Economics, and Governance and Policy. This approach improves its utility and usability for decision-makers and researchers. CCS adds to existing assessment frameworks that are often focused on particular themes and/or domains that confine their utility to the context of sustainable development and the UN Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, which demand an inherently holistic and integrated evaluation. CCS is a holistic framework designed to assess the boundaries to sustainability for socio-ecological systems at multiple scales for the world’s coasts.
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Sutanto, Sutanto, Eka Intan Kumala Putri, Bambang Pramudya, and Suyud Warno Utomo. "Atribut Penilaian Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Rumah Sakit Menuju Green Hospital di Indonesia." Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkli.19.1.51-61.
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Latar belakang: Pengelolaan lingkungan rumah sakit (RS) secara berkelanjutan menjadi sangat penting dalam rangka meminimalisasi konstribusi negatif terhadap pemanasan global. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menyusun atribut green hospital di Indonesia, dan 2) menganalisis status keberlanjutan pengelolaan lingkungan RS di Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan yakni pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan merupakan jenis data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data terdiri atasstudi pustaka, survei, wawancara mendalam, dan pendapat pakar. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan inferensial dengan pendekatan Multidimensional Scalling (MDS) Rap GreenHospital.Hasil: Hasil analisis diperoleh, atribut green hospital RS di Indonesia terdiri dari enam dimensi yakni dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi, kesehatan lingkungan dan kelembagaan. Keenam dimensi tersebut terdiri dari 42 atribut dan 151 sub atribut. Status keberlanjutan pengelolaan lingkungan RS dalam kategori cukup berkelanjutan (yellow hospital) dengan skor 71.233%. Faktor pengungkit keberlanjutan pengelolaan lingkungan RS meliputi: a) Pengelolaan limbah non medis; b) Pengelolaan limbah B3; c) Lingkungan dalam bangunan; d) Lingkungan Luar bangunan; e) Mitigasi dan adaptasi bencana; f) Sumber dana; g) Kinerja anggaran; h) Budaya ramah lingkungan;i) pengembangan partisipasi masyarakat; j) Tingkat kepuasan; k) Teknologi konservasi energi;l) Teknologi pengolahan limbah padat, cair dan gas; m) Infeksi nosokomial;n) Fasilitas sanitasi; o) Promosi kesehatan, p) Kepemimpinan; q) Sumberdaya manusia; dan r) Dokumen lingkungan.Simpulan: Atribut green hospital rumah sakit di Indonesia terdiri atas enam dimensi yakni dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi, kesehatan lingkungan dan kelembagaan. Keenam dimensi tersebut terbagi dalam 42 atribut dan 151 sub atribut. ABSTRACTTitle: Attribute Assessment of the Sustainability of Hospital Environmental Management Towards Green Hospital in IndonesiaBackground: Sustainable management of the hospital environment is very important in order to minimize the negative contribution to global warming. The purpose of this study is 1) to compile the attributes of green hospitals in Indonesia, and 2) to analyze the sustainability status of hospital environmental management in Indonesia.Methods: This study uses two approaches namely qualitative and quantitative approaches. The type of data collected is a type of primary data and secondary data. Data collection methods consist of study literature, surveys, in-depth interviews, and expert judgment. The data analysis method used is descriptive and inferential analysis with the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) Rap Green Hospitalapproach.Results: The analysis results obtained, the attributes of green hospital hospitals in Indonesia consist of six dimensions namely the dimensions of ecology, economics, social, technology, environmental health and institutional. The six dimensions consist of 42 attributes and 151 sub attributes. Status of environmental management of hospitals in the category of sustainable enough (yellow hospital) with a score of 71,233%. Factors for the sustainability of hospital environmental management include: a) Non-medical waste management; b) Hazardous Poison Materials waste management; c) The environment in the building; d) Outside environment of buildings; e) Disaster mitigation and adaptation; f) Sources of funds; g) Budget performance; h) green culture; i) development of community participation; j) Level of satisfaction; k) Energy conservation technology; l) Solid, liquid and gas waste treatment technology; m) Nosocomial infections; n) Sanitation facilities; o) Health promotion, p) Leadership; q) Human resources; and r) Environmental documents.Conclusion:The attributes of green hospital in Indonesia consist of six dimensions, are ecology, economic, social, technology, environmental health, and institutional. The six dimensions are divided into 42 attributes and 151 sub attributes.
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O'Keeffe, Jay. "Sustaining river ecosystems: balancing use and protection." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 33, no. 3 (June 2009): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133309342645.
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Sustainable management of natural resources is a well-accepted concept, but there are few practical guidelines for its application. This paper suggests methods for the sustainable operation of water resource use and protection. Environmental flows (EF) for rivers are used to illustrate some of the opportunities and problems inherent in managing rivers sustainably. In particular, there is a requirement for agreeing on clear and measurable environmental objectives for which a modified flow regime can be set. Knowledge from a number of different disciplines, including hydrology, ecology, hydraulics, geomorphology, water quality and socio-economics has to be integrated to provide holistic levels of understanding if sustainable management is to be achieved. Methods for EF assessment have been developed to provide an effective framework for integration leading to a clear end-point. The implementation of EF has been hampered in the past by a concentration on the ecohydrological technicalities of the process. More recently, it has been realized that achieving a consensus in the socio-economic and political context is of overriding importance for successful implementation. Case studies from South African river research over the past 20 years are used to illustrate the policies, methods, impediments and successes of sustainable river management. In particular, a recognition of complexity and change, both in ecosystems and in human thinking and behaviour, is emphasized. Timeframes of decades are required for both types of change, but there is evidence that patience is being rewarded by gradual success.
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Koblianska, Inna. "Ecologically related transformation of the logistics theory: directions and content." Environmental Economics 9, no. 4 (January 24, 2019): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.09(4).2018.04.
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In the context of sustainable development, the need to improve the models of functioning and development of society, as well as the scientific knowledge underlying them is urgent. In particular, an ecologically oriented improvement of logistics science is needed to ensure the full use of its tools to resolve the modern socio-ecological and economic problems of resource use. In this regard, it is important to identify the directions and content of the ecologically related transformation of theoretical and methodological foundations of logistics, which is the purpose of this article. The paper outlines the main directions of logistic theory change in the context of the sustainable development paradigm. These changes embrace the improvement of the methodological basis of logistic science on the ground of provisions of ecological economics, environmental ethics, and principles of industrial ecology, etc. As a result, modern logistic management goals and objectives include environmental and social targets, and wider interpretation of material flow allows to manage the waste, emissions, secondary materials, and flaw components. The improvement of a methodical framework of logistic decision-making is associated with the environmentally adjusted calculation and analysis of total costs, proceeding from the assessment of environmental aspects of flow processes through the use of material flows analysis and life cycle assessment tools. Thus, the conceptual provisions of logistics may be used to solve various tasks in the context of sustainable development, in particular: to minimize the negative environmental impact of certain production process, enterprise, network (supply chain), as well as to form the regulatory framework for the promotion of ecoindustrial parks.
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Jadchenko, D. S. "EXPERIENCE IN USE OF RECUPERATIVE BURNERS DEVICES IN FURNACES OF PERIODIC ACTION FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF BLANKS IN SPC-2 OJSC «BSW – MANAGEMENT COMPANY OF HOLDING «BMC»." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 4 (January 4, 2018): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2017-4-32-36.
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In building and modernizing industrial furnaces the following important factors should be taken into account: on the one hand, economic efficiency must be ensured, and on the other hand it is important to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, improve the working conditions of personnel, etc. At the same time, constantly increasing requirements for productivity and environmental friendliness should not adversely affect the period of cost recovery.This article considers the experience of using recuperative burners. Both positive and negative aspects of the use of burners are considered from the point of view of economics, ecology and technology.An important initial point of cost optimization is the correct choice of a heating system complete with an automatic control system. One example of an effective heating system is a burner with a built in air heating system (recuperative burner), which saves fuel, reduces harmful emissions and simultaneously improves the technical and economic performance of the furnaces.
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Duchesne, Luc C., and Suzanne Wetzel. "The bioeconomy and the forestry sector: Changing markets and new opportunities." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 860–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79860-5.
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The bioeconomy is expected to replace the current information economy and will depend heavily on the manufacturing and trade of bioproducts, which are all commodities generated by living organisms through the use of technology and biotechnology, as well as non-timber forest products. In Canada alone, markets for bioproducts are in excess of $100 billion annually. The bioeconomy should impact most of Canada's economic sectors: energy and transportation, food and agro-food, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, forestry, materials and manufacturing, waste management and a large variety of consumer goods. The bioeconomy holds promises to wean the Canadian economy from its dependence on fossil fuels as a primary source of energy as well as platform chemicals in materials and manufacturing, while meeting the Kyoto commitments on greenhouse gas reductions. Finally, the bioeconomy will reduce the environmental impact of economic growth by increasing the use of industrial and urban wastes and developing goods that are biodegradable. Key words: NTFP, ecology, forest economics, biomass, energy, pharmaceuticals, forest policies, agroforestry
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Vola, Paola, Lorenzo Gelmini, and Lucrezia Songini. "What does the Business Model tell us about Natural Capital? Insights from African Integrated Reports." MANAGEMENT CONTROL, no. 1 (March 2021): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/maco2021-001-s1005.
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The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity (TEEB, 2010) has emphasized the importance of business sectors involved in ecology, biodiversity, and the environ-ment's entire conservation and protection process. Corporate sustainability raises the question of how environmental and social management can be better integrat-ed into economic business goals. The latter is important in order to trace the actual impact of firms' actions on the environment by means of disclosure reports and in order to identify and promote business organizations' virtuous behaviour. We investigate the type of information provided on natural capital and its posi-tioning within the integrated report (IR) body (the locus). This element is critical in order to understand whether the information provided is effective and, if so, whether it is likely to be translated into actions that impact the environment tangi-bly. We undertook an empirical analysis of the IR corpus's disclosure of natural capi-tal in order to trace whether and, if so, how natural capital information is embod-ied in business activities, notably in IR's business model (BM) section. We did so by investigating South African IR a very promising research domain, due to the environmental wealth and the Johannesburg Stock Exchange regulation that mandates listed companies to provide an IR. Our study sheds lights on real commitment to sustainability, discussing the type of information that the companies provide and its link to strategy implementation.
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Ruey, LUO Ching. "Hydrodynamics of braiding river." International Journal of Hydrology 5, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2021.05.00270.
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Braided river reaches and alluvial systems are characterized by their multi-threaded planform and agents of sediment transport due to eroding and deposing to form the bars and riffles. In braided river, frequent sediment transport and the quick shifting of the positions about the river channel induce many attentions discussion and relating a complicated consideration of the combinations of disciplines. In this article we introduce its fundamental characteristics and further the complicated mechanism in the literature and methodologies. The braided channel ecology and the management of braided river are mentioned and discussed, especially, the secondary currents, in this paper we explain in detail, the combinations on multiplying of 2-D flow of the velocity fluctuations. The interdisciplinary approach on linking engineers, earth scientists and social scientists concerned with environmental economics, planning, and societal and political strategies in order to fully evaluate the validity and reliability of different selections to various timescales is really sensitive. Furthermore, the requirements of public education on reinforcing about the mechanism of braided river formation will be obviously important and necessary.
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Imasiku, Katundu, and Valerie M. Thomas. "The Mining and Technology Industries as Catalysts for Sustainable Energy Development." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 12, 2020): 10410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410410.
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The potential for mining companies to contribute to sustainable energy development is characterized in terms of opportunities for energy efficiency and support of electricity access in mining-intensive developing countries. Through a case study of the Central African Copperbelt countries of Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo, energy efficiency opportunities in copper operations and environmental impact of metal extraction are evaluated qualitatively, characterized, and quantified using principles of industrial ecology, life cycle assessment, and engineering economics. In these countries the mining sector is the greatest consumer of electricity, accounting for about 53.6% in the region. Energy efficiency improvements in the refinery processes is shown to have a factor of two improvement potential. Further, four strategies are identified by which the mining and technology industries can enhance sustainable electricity generation capacity: energy efficiency; use of solar and other renewable resources; share expertise from the mining and technology industries within the region; and take advantage of the abundant cobalt and other raw materials to initiate value-added manufacturing.
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Wang, Danyang, Zhongwu Li, Guangming Zeng, Xiaodong Nie, and Chun Liu. "Evaluation of Regionalization of Soil and Water Conservation in China." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093320.
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This paper evaluates the regionalization of soil and water conservation in China, decades after its widespread implementation across the country. The authors mainly address two questions. First, to what extent could achievements in soil erosion and water management be attributed to regionalization? Statistics and cases show that enhancement of research on soil erosion and ecology, popularization of technologies and mathematical methods and more complete databases are the main improvements to theoretical research; the distribution of region-specific measures and monitoring sites and the development of a responsibility system are the main impacts on practice. Second, is there any weakness to regionalization? Econometric and management methods are currently not well integrated into the process of regionalization; indicators used for division lack standardization, thus weakening the accuracy of regionalization; also, there are limits to its implementation. Using scenario analysis, the authors discuss the possibility of involving economics and management science in the process of regionalization and the approach to combine qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, while also arguing the importance of establishing an effective cooperation mechanism between different government departments and between government and actors. For government, the evaluation could be helpful to recognize the success, strengths and weaknesses of regionalization of soil and water in China and hence to take further steps to formulate region-specific policies dealing with complex environmental and economic problems in different regions.
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Qv, Dehu, Xiangjie Duan, Jijin Wang, Caiqin Hou, Gang Wang, Fengxi Zhou, and Shaoyong Li. "Issues and Potential Solutions to the Clean Heating Project in Rural Gansu." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 8397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158397.
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Rural clean heating project (RCHP) in China aims to increase flexibility in the rural energy system, enhance the integration of renewable energy and distributed generation, and reduce environmental impact. While RCHP-enabling routes have been studied from a technical perspective, the economic, ecological, regulatory, and policy dimensions of RCHP are yet to be analysed in depth, especially in the underdeveloped areas in China. This paper discusses RCHP in rural Gansu using a multi-dimensional approach. We first focus on the current issues and challenges of RCHP in rural Gansu. Then the RCHP-enabling areas are briefly zoned into six typical regions based on the resource distribution in Gansu Province, and a matching framework of RCHP is recommended. Then we focus on the economics and sustainability of RCHP-enabling technologies. Based on the medium-term assessment of RCHP in the demonstration provinces, various technical schemes and routes are analysed and compared in order to determine which should be adopted in rural Gansu. In addition to technical and economic effects of those schemes, the corresponding ecology, policy, finance, and market implications are also concerned. We briefly discuss how the national regulators incentivise the implementation of RCHP in rural Gansu. Major barriers to RCHP are identified as the sustainability of technology, economy, ecology, policy, finance, and market. Subsequently, some policy solutions to overcome these barriers are proposed.
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Alam, Mohammed K., Muhammad R. Mirza, and O. Eugene Maughan. "Constraints and Opportunities in Planning for the Wise Use of Natural Resources in Developing Countries: Example of a Hydropower Project." Environmental Conservation 22, no. 4 (1995): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900034925.
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The impacts of hydropower developments on local environment, ecology, and socio-economics, has influenced, and will continue to influence, the efficacy in decisionmaking and planning/design processes. Big dams have several disadvantages: (a) high costs, (b) possible collapse, (c) evaporation loss, (d) flooding of prime agricultural land, (e) siltation of reservoir, (f) salt-water intrusion in coastal areas, (g) deforestation and ‘greenhouse’ effect, and (h) destruction of habitat for rare species. We must refine our environmental understanding of how hydropower development affects species, both individually and in their interactions with each other. The utter dependence of organisms on appropriate environments is what frustrates most attempts to proceed with development and still protect ecosystems and wider ecocomplexes. Conservation objectives must be integrated with other objectives in formulating national and other policies, before they crystallize into projects and programmes. When ecological factors are considered only at the end of the process, they are liable to be viewed as obstructing development, which can be disastrously wrong. But if integrated at the basic level of decision-making, they can positively guide development most propitiously and beneficially. Translated to the global context, this is best served by holistic thinking.
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Pasko, Oleh, Fuli Chen, Alvina Oriekhova, Alina Brychko, and Iryna Shalyhina. "Mapping the Literature on Sustainability Reporting: A Bibliometric Analysis Grounded in Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n1p303.
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Sustainability reporting has become an increasingly common practice among companies around the globe as around 90% of the world’s 250 largest companies from Fortune 500 prepare and publish its sustainability reporting. Aiming to help researchers to grasp the intellectual landscape of global research on sustainable reporting, we conducted a bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace software by applying evaluative and relational techniques to 928 articles published in 480 different journals in Scopus and 698 articles published in 374 different journals in Web of Science Core Collection from 1981 to 2020. Our findings indicate that the number of articles published in the field has increased rapidly, especially since 2009. We identified the leading countries (the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Canada, the Netherlands and Italy), the most prolific journals (Journal of Cleaner Production, Business Strategy and the Environment, Journal of Business Ethics), main journals categories (Business, Economics, Management and Finance, Environmental and Ecology and Science, Technology and Engineering), and the major research directions in the near future (sustainability reporting, corporate social responsibility, sustainable development, disclosure). From our findings we infer that the sustainability reporting research has just recently (2013-2019) gained traction in the literature. Moreover, our findings testify that a kind of bifurcation point has occurred is 2011 that manifests the maturity of the field of sustainability reporting. All this provides the reader with a high-view look at sustainable reporting as these quantitative findings complementing qualitative and providing valuable insights into the field.
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Broggi, Mario F., and Bernhard Oester. "Die zukünftige Waldforschung an der WSL | The future of forest research at WSL." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 153, no. 8 (August 1, 2002): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2002.0321.
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Forest research is going through a period of decisive change in terms of both structure and values as a result of economic and social developments. Researchers from the Department «Forest» at WSL have, therefore, been discussing potential challenges with other experts in order to be able to identify problems early and anticipate the consequences of global developments. We have been asking ourselves questions like: Are we doing the right thing? And are we doing it in the right way? We have drawn on these discussions in setting our longterm goals and core research areas for the next few years. The Department «Forest» plans to continue to focus mainly on ecological research but also to consider topics more from the points of view of economics and direct implementation. Steps in this direction have already been taken. The WSL Programme«Future-oriented Management of Forest Use» has been launched and the Section «Economics» has been strengthened with more people employed. The Section «Silvicultural Strategies» focuses on studying long-term forest development. It then uses these research findings to work out effective silvicultural strategies to steer the development of the forest. Thorough knowledge of the forest ecosystem and of the processes that take place within it is essential in order to answer the many questions raised. The Section «Forest Ecosystems and Ecological Risks» is investigating these processes and cause-effect relationships in forest ecosystems. It estimates the risks arising from changing environmental conditions. The Section«Soil Ecology» is concerned with long-term processes and changes taking place in the soil. It studies the influence of the increased deposition of acids, nitrogen compounds and inorganic pollutants, in particular heavy metals, on the soil and the associated risks to plants, soil-dwelling creatures and the groundwater. The Section «Forest and Environmental Protection» has become known as the centre for expertise on forest health in Switzerland. It makes recommendations and disseminates research findings and data to do with current issues in forest conservation. We are performing top research in these areas and are well known in international research circles, as the ETH-Council expects us to be. We intend in future to offer more support to those responsible for or interested in forests by providing applicable and future-oriented solutions to important and complex problems.
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Dwarkasing, Chandni, Gonzalo Vitón, and Victoria Silva Sánchez. "An eco-Marxist reinterpretation of formal abstraction in Ecological Economics." Relaciones Internacionales, no. 46 (February 28, 2021): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2021.46.002.
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In the field of economics, the two main branches that deal with the analyses of economy-ecology interactions are Environmental and Resource Economics (ERE) and Ecological Economics (EE). The latter is typically characterized as being fundamentally at odds with ERE’s negligence of biophysical constraints to economic activity. EE has proceeded to develop as a pluralist and trans-disciplinary field whose literature engages in the stipulation of previously overlooked considerations. For some, this pluralism represents the biggest strength: its success hinges on both the acceptance of multiple and incommensurable epistemologies that detect fissures in the dominant epistemology and the debate that arises out of the different delineations of dissent. Others argue that over the course of EE’s existence, pluralism has been insufficiently able to rid the field from mainstream, particularly neoclassical, economic epistemologies and formalisms. The aim of this paper is to provide recommendations for the development of an alternative to the current formal abstractions of ecology-economy configurations. This is done through a reinterpretation of the natural capital concept from an eco-Marxist perspective. After introducing the natural capital concept and discussing how the treatment thereof differs across ERE and EE, we isolate strong sustainability as one of the main attributes of EE when it comes to formalization practices. Strong sustainability’s prescription to treat natural capital as a complementary input in economic production functions has led to the implementation of various strategies concerning natural capital conservation. The bulk of these strategies has subsequently relied on monetary valuation for the purpose of embedding conservation strategies within the broader rationale of the market. In this paper we discuss monetary valuation in light of planetary boundaries, such as atmospheric sink capacities, and ecosystem services such as the habitat provision for endangered species. Critical studies have identified the monetary valuation of biophysical and ecological processes as commodification and we address both the theorized and experienced contradictions it is associated with. In our view, the logic behind the exchange value assessment of ecological processes can easily be traced back to the underlying assumptions of mathematical formalization in EE. In order to dissect these assumptions, we find it fruitful to draw on ecological Marxism. After introducing the reader to the gist of Marx’s ecological insights we discuss the concept of dualism in ecological Marxism and economics. We contend that our explicit focus on mathematical formalization forecloses a complete rejection of dualism since the specification of variables requires a process of conceptual distinction. This is why we adopt the notion of duality; where the separation and opposition between two essential elements is replaced by interdependence. Having positioned ourselves in the eco-Marxist debate on dualism, we then proceed with a discussion of Marx’s labour process theory and Moore’s world-ecology. The labour process is subject to two elements: ‘purpose realisation’ and ‘material metabolism’. The first refers to labour as an imposition of human intention; causing nature to capitulate to humanity’s will. ‘Material metabolism’ describes labour as an exchange or mediation between itself and nature. World-ecology offers an ecological interpretation of capital accumulation over the course of history. One of the concepts used to distinguish historical ecology-economy configurations, or world-ecological regimes, over capitalism’s long-dureé is the ecological surplus. This is a ratio between the system-wide appropriation and capitalization of both human and extra-human inputs. High ecological surpluses allow capital accumulation to proceed by means of labour productivity gains which are facilitated by appropriated labours, entities and processes. Low ecological surpluses hamper accumulation and trigger investments in new sources of appropriation, cheaper capitalized inputs or efficiency increasing technologies. How do these two eco-Marxist insights facilitate a reinterpretation of the assumptions underlying the practice of mathematical formalization in EE? Through the concept of the ecological surplus, world-ecology allows us to consider the commodification of ecological processes as an instance of capitalization. When valuation techniques disclose the benefit of an ecological process in monetary terms, said ecological process can be treated as an input in the production function. But according to world-ecology, an increase in capitalization also diminishes the ecological surplus which subsequently hampers capital accumulation. This begs us to question why the capitalization of ecological processes is a dominant strategy in response to ecological degradations. We argue that capitalization is a fruitful strategy in the face of future constraints to accumulation, such as diminished labour or human-made capital productivity and/or future opportunities for accumulation through for example, greenwashing. Marx’s labour process theory allows us to further argue that the incentives which capitalization aim to foster can be seen as desired alternations to the ‘material metabolism’ element of the labour process. The socially defined set of ‘purpose realisations’ on the other hand remains faithful to “the endowment of natural objects with humanistic forms for the purpose not of use value creation, but exchange value accumulation”. This leads us to conclude that the depiction of economy-ecology configurations by means of natural capital which enters the production function supports the underlying assumption that ecological sustainability is best achieved when capital bargains on behalf of nature. Furthermore, by explicitly focusing on capitalized ecological processes, the status-quo of formal abstraction in EE presumes dualism and is therefore incomplete. We argue that a more comprehensive portrayal requires the consideration of appropriated ecological processes in order to capture reciprocity and the unified management of interdependent flows which reproduce metabolic value. To this end, we introduce a trivial conceptual framework which summarizes the (proposed) mathematical formalization of economy-ecology configurations across ERE, EE and Ecological Marxism. The formal abstraction we propose from an eco-Marxist perspective is not only based on the consideration of appropriated ecological processes but also imposes duality instead of dualism between the ‘societal’ and ‘natural’ elements of production. The contribution of Ecological Marxism in this paper should not be seen as the formulation of an alternative to capitalization. Our proposed formal abstraction is based on the assumption that the ‘purpose realisation’ element of the labour process facilitates the goal of exchange value accumulation. Instead, we hope our contribution has shown that Ecological Marxism provides useful insights which can stretch the current confines of EE’s mathematical formalization; allowing for a more comprehensive portrayal of economy-ecology configurations.
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Xie, Hualin, Yuyang Wen, Yongrok Choi, and Xinmin Zhang. "Global Trends on Food Security Research: A Bibliometric Analysis." Land 10, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020119.
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The issue of food security has been widely studied by the international community. To reveal the research situation as it pertains to food security objectively, this paper comprehensively utilizes bibliometrics techniques (i.e., Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace) to explore the research status and development trends in the area of food security. The results show that: (1) food security research has shown an increasing trend during the past 30 years. The 2013–2019 period was shown to be an active period with a high yield of articles, which were published mainly in the developed regions of Europe and America. Particularly, the number of articles published in the United States was far ahead of other countries in the world. (2) Food security research involved agriculture, environmental science and ecology, food science and technology, and business economics. The research topic is an interdisciplinary subject with a good momentum of development and a large space remaining for research. (3) Climate change, poverty, gender, nutrition, and diet structure have been the focuses of food security research in recent years. Food security in China, India, and sub-Saharan Africa has attracted wide attention. (4) Food security research is becoming more and more mature. The research scope extended from food security to food security and water and land resource security. Research topics range from decentralized to systematic. (5) Food security research is likely to gain much attention in the future based on three pillars: food supply, food access, and food use. Sustainability and diversity of food supply, along with dietary restructuring and food conservation initiatives, are expected to be new trends in future research on land management.
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Meirelles e Silva, Dimaria, and José Carlos Thomaz. "SOBREVIVÊNCIA ORGANIZACIONAL DAS ADMINISTRADORAS DE CONSÓRCIO NO BRASIL: UMA ABORDAGEM EVOLUCIONÁRIA." Revista Alcance 23, no. 2 (July 19, 2016): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/alcance.v23n2.p170-188.
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RESUMO A sobrevivência das empresas é tema teórico recorrente no campo da administração e da economia e tem sido explorado, sobretudo, no campo das teorias evolucionárias. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a sobrevivência organizacional das administradoras de consórcio no Brasil a partir dessa perspectiva evolucionária. A abordagem é qualitativa, baseada em dados secundários do Banco Central e dados primários coletados por meio de entrevistas com diretores de administradoras de consórcios. Os dados foram analisados segundo a técnica da análise de conteúdo. A análise com base na ecologia populacional e na economia evolucionária permitiu identificar: movimento de fusões e aquisições e seus motivos; mudanças ambientais; alinhamento estratégico; relação entre os agentes; efeitos de idade e tamanho e aspectos da gestão, como financiamento interno, perfil da carteira de clientes e recursos humanos, além da inovação. Conclui-se que as dissoluções são predominantes nessa indústria (dinamismo); a sobrevivência se deve ao atendimento diferenciado e, principalmente, à inovação (alinhamento estratégico); provavelmente as mais fortes barreiras de entrada de novos competidores são a idade e o tamanho das instituições e, quanto à gestão interna, a liberdade para a fixação das taxas de administração tem sido benéfica ao diferenciar as administradoras. Palavras-chave: Teoria evolucionária. Sobrevivência organizacional. Administradoras de Consórcios. ABSTRACT Organizational survival is a recurring theme in the literature on management and economics, and has been explored, in particular, in the field of evolutionary theories. The purpose of this article is to analyze the organizational survival of Brazilian consortium managers, based on this evolutionary perspective. The approach is qualitative, using secondary data from the Central Bank and primary data collected through interviews with the directors of consortium managers. Data were analyzed using the technique of content analysis. The analysis is based on population ecology and evolutionary economics, and resulted in the identification of: a movement of mergers and acquisitions, and the reasons behind them, environmental changes, strategic alignment, relationship between the agents, effects of age and size, and aspects of management such as internal financing, profile of the customer portfolio and human resources, and innovation. It is concluded that breakups are prevalent in the industry (dynamism); survival is due to the differentiated service and especially, to innovation (strategic alignment); the strongest entry barriers faced by new competitors are probably the age and size of the institutions, and in relation to internal management, the freedom to fix management fees has been beneficial in differentiating consortium managers. Key-words: Evolutionary theory. Organizational survival. Consortium Managers.
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Ash, AJ, and DMS Smith. "Evaluating Stocking Rate Impacts in Rangelands: Animals Don't Practice What We Preach." Rangeland Journal 18, no. 2 (1996): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9960216.
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paper session 29: Molecular biology - forage quality. In: Proc. XVII International Grassland Congress, pp. 1105-6. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. United States Department of Agriculture. (1980). Report and recommendations on organic farming. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. VanTassel, L. W., Heitschmidt, R.K. and Conner, J.R. (1987). Modeling variation in range calf growth under conditions of environmental uncertainty. J. Range. Manage. 40: 310-4. Walker, B.H. (1993). Stability in rangelands: ecology and economics. In: Proc. XW International Grassland Congress, pp. 1885-90. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. Walker, J.W. (1994). Multispecies grazing: the ecological advantage. Sheep Res. J. Special Issue: 52-64. Walker, A.B., Frizelle, J.A. and Morris, S.D. (1994). The New Zealand policy framework for sustainable agriculture and some implications for animal production research. Proc. N. Z. Soc. Anim Prod. 54: 369-72. Walker, J.W., Heitschmidt, R.K., DeMoraes, E.A., Kothmann, M.M. and Dowhower, S.L. (1989). Quality and botanical composition of cattle diets under rotational and continuous grazing treatments. J. Range Manage . 42: 239-42. Whitson, R.E., Heitschmidt, R.K., Kothmann, M.M. and Lundgren, G.K. (1982). The impact of grazing systems on the magnitude and stability of ranch income in the Rolling Plains of Texas. J. Range Manage .35: 526-32. Wight, J.R. and Hanson, C.L. (1993). Simulation models as decision aids for management of rangeland ecosystems. In: Proc. XVII International Grassland Congress, pp. 770-1. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. Wilson, A.D., Harrington, G.N. and Beale, I.F. (1984). Grazing management. In: Management of Australia's rangelands (Eds G.N. Harrington, A.D. Wilson and M.D. Young) pp. 129-40. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia. Wood, W.R. and Thiessen, T.D. (Eds) (1985). Early fur trade on the Northern Plains: the narratives of John Macdonnell, David Thompson, Francois-Antoine Laraocque and Charles McKenzie. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. Manuscript received 4 April 1996, accepted 30 July 1996. Rangel. J. 18(2) 1996, 216-43 EVALUATING STOCKING RATE IMPACTS IN RANGELANDS: ANIMALS DON'T PRACTICE WHAT WE PREACH A.J. Ash1 and D.M. Stafford Smith2 'CSIRO Division of Tropical Crops and Pastures, PMB, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814 2CSIR0 Division of Wildlife and Ecology, PO Box 2111, Alice Springs, NT 0871 Abstract Stocking rate is the most important management variable affecting productivity and stability in rangelands. In this paper we examine the relevance of stocking rate research to the complex and highly variable ecosystems that make up most rangeland enterprises. We review a number of stocking rate experiments that have been conducted in both rangelands and more intensively grazed, improved pastures and demonstrate a fundamental difference in the nature of the stocking rate - animal production relationship between the two environments. Animal production in rangelands is less sensitive to increases in utilisation rate than in improved pastures, at least in the short to medium time frame of most experiments. These differences can largely be explained by factors relating to the much greater spatial and temporal variability of rangelands such as: inter-annual and seasonal fluctuations in vegetation composition and quality; long-term vegetation changes; and spatial and temporal patterns of diet selection in complex vegetation. Together, these factors limit the application of linear stocking rate models to complex rangeland environments for prediction of animal production responses. We suggest that dynamic simulation models, which incorporate the spatial and temporal variability of rangelands, may be the best way of developing simple but useful management principles for setting stocking rates that are more appropriate than simplified regression relationships.
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Zolkover, Andrii, and Venelin Terziev. "The Shadow Economy: A Bibliometric Analysis." Business Ethics and Leadership 4, no. 3 (2020): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/bel.4(3).107-118.2020.
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The article deals with the analysis of the areas of research related to the shadow economy. The results of analyses show that financial market and financial intermediates become an essential part of the issues and that the topic of the problem of poverty among the urban population, low income, drugs abuse and problems of female employment, gender inequity in income in the papers which analyzed the shadow economy issues are very popular. The aim of the paper is to analyze the tendency in the scientific literature on the shadow economy to identify future research directions. For the analysis, the tools of VOSviewer, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) analyses were used. This study is based on 5361 papers from Scopus and 3773 papers from Web of Science. The time sample of research was not limited for analysis. Time analysis showed that in 2014-2015 the number of papers dealing the shadow economy began to increase. At the same time, the focal point of research moved from general issues (estimation of shadow sector, impact on labour market etc.) to problem of transition from the informal to the formal Economy. In 2019 the number of papers which analyzed the the shadow economy was increased by 95 % compared with the 2014 year, according to Scopus database – by 29%. Mostly the papers with keyword “shadow” (informal, hidden etc.) economy were published under the following subject area, according to Scopus: Social science; Economics, Econometrics and Finance; Business, Management and Accounting; Environmental Science; Arts and Humanities, and according to WoS: Business Economics; Sociology; Public Administration; Government Law; Development Studies; Social Sciences Other Topics; Environmental Sciences Ecology; Area Studies. Most articles focused on shadow economy were published by the scientists from the USA, United Kingdom, India, Germany and South Africa. In 2019 considering the findings from Scopus the high ranked Studies in Systems Decision and Control, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Contemporary Asia, Cities stated to publish papers devoted to shadow economy. Such results prove that informal economy theme and its transition to formal is in the ongoing trends of the modern regulation. The findings from VOSviewer identified six clusters of the papers which investigate the shadow economy from the different points of views. The first most significant cluster merged the paper which contained the keywords as follows: informal sector, informal economy, unemployment, gender, urban economy, labour market, corruption etc. The papers in the second largest cluster deal with poverty among urban population, low income, drugs abuse and problems of female employment, gender inequity in income. The third biggest cluster focuses on criminal and ecological aspects of shadow economy. Keywords: Shadow Economy, Shadow Sector of Economy, Informal Economy, Informal Sector of Economy, Underground Economy, Underground Sector of Economy, Hidden Economy, Hidden Sector of Economy.
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Zainuddin, Nuryani, Khariri Khariri, M. Ma'arif, E. Riani, and Susan M. Noor. "ANALISIS KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH DI INSTALASI KARANTINA HEWAN (IKH) RUMINANSIA BESAR." JURNAL EKOLOGI KESEHATAN 19, no. 1 (June 19, 2020): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/jek.v19i1.1613.
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ABSTRACT
Indonesia regulates post-entry observations of slaughter animals through the Animal Quarantine Installation (AQI). For the continuation of the existence of AQI, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the sustainability of AQI waste management, because errors in waste management can cause disease and environmental pollution. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and determine the sustainability of AQI based on 5 dimensions, namely the dimensions of ecology, economics, technology, social, and institutions. AQIs taken as research objects are one government AQI and one private AQI. The study was conducted by observation. The results of the observations were analyzed using a modification of the Rap-fish method with Multidimensional Scaling called Rap-AQI. The results showed the sustainability of private AQI in multidimensional aspects showing a sustainability index of 57.47, each indicated from the dimensions of ecology (54.17), economy (70.12), social (57.47), technology (54.89), and institutional (50,73). Whereas the government's AQI showed unsustainable results with a sustainability index of 45.02, each from ecological dimensions (49.24), economic (45.30), social (55.77), technology (29.27) and institutional dimensions (43.53). Leverage attribute analysis shows that of 54 existing attributes, there are 12 sensitive attributes as a key factor in the sustainability of AQI waste management.
Keywords: Sustainability, animal quarantine installation, atribute, dimention
ABSTRAK
Indonesia mengatur pengamatan pasca-masuk hewan potong melalui Instalasi Karantina Hewan (IKH). Pemerintah telah melakukan kebijakan untuk pencegahan atau meminimalkan risiko penyebaran organisme penyakit hewan dan zoonosis pada kegiatan impor hewan dipintu masuk yaitu IKH. Untuk keberlanjutan keberadaan IKH, perlu dilakukan analisis keberlanjutan pengelolaan limbah IKH, karena kesalahan dalam pengelolaan limbah dapat menimbulkan dampak penyakit dan pencemaran lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan evaluasi dan menentukan keberlanjutan IKH berdasarkan 5 dimensi, yaitu dimensi-dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, teknologi, sosial dan kelembagaan. IKH yang diambil sebagai objek penelitian adalah satu IKH pemerintah dan satu IKH swasta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan. Hasil pengamatan dianalisa dengan menggunakan modifikasi metode Rap-fish dengan Multidimensional Scaling yang disebut Rap-IKH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keberlanjutan IKH swasta dalam multidimensi aspek menunjukkan indeks keberlanjutan 57,47, masing-masing ditunjukkan dari dimensi ekologi (54,17), ekonomi (70,12), sosial (57,47), teknologi (54,89), dan kelembagaan (50,73). Sedangkan IKH pemerintah menunjukkan hasil yang kurang berkelanjutan dengan indeks keberlanjutan 45,02, masing-masing dari dimensi ekologi (49,24), ekonomi (45,30), sosial (55,77), teknologi (29,27) dan dimensi kelembagaan (43,53). Analisis leverage atribut menunjukkan bahwa dari 54 atribut yang ada, terdapat 12 atribut sensitif sebagai faktor kunci keberlanjutan pengelolaan limbah IKH.
Kata kunci: Keberlanjutan, instalasi karantina hewan, atribut, dimensi
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O'Riordan, Timothy. "The economics of environmental conservation: Economics for environmental and ecological management." Biological Conservation 65, no. 1 (1993): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(93)90205-f.
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Afonina, Marina, Elena Shcherbina, and Alevtina Balakina. "The new generation of winter recreational and sports facilities on artificial relief in cities." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.13 (April 15, 2018): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.13.11689.
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Nowadays we observe a rapid growth of various new and actively developing facilities for winter sports and recreation. This paper is aimed at analyzing the structure of these facilities and establishing the dependence of their public popularity on the design, technology, environmental and economic efficiency. The main research methods are monitoring of the chosen facilities, data collection and summarizing, classifying and description. The key procedures and results include on-site investigations of the facilities, sociological surveys of their popularity, definition of the factors that hamper their development, working out and testing a mathematical model of climatic influence on attendance. It is shown that despite the growing demand for new sports and recreational centers, most Russian cities do not have the necessary natural conditions (elevations, complex relief) to satisfy the requirements of the contemporary winter sports enthusiasts. To meet this demand, artificial constructions for mountain and cross-country skiing, snowboarding, tubing and skating are set in parks, residential areas and on specially designated territories. In building theses facilities, various designs, constructions and technologies are used, which are considered in detail in this paper. We provide examples of successful recreational centers on artificially engineered reliefs well-blended with the Moscow urban area. We make a conclusion about the advantages of constructing new facilities and the necessity to fit them harmoniously into the existing natural and man-made environment. Temporary constructions for sports and recreation have minimal impact on the environment. At the same time, they give room for experimenting with forms, materials, technologies; they are flexible, mobile and relevant for cities. We characterize such facilities as nature-and-technology compatible systems. Our findings can be useful for specialists in urban planning and development, ecology, sociology, economics, sports and recreational management.
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Hasanah, Nur, and H. Hastuti. "UTILIZATION OF FOREST BY WOLASI SUB-DISRICT COMMUNITY, SOUTH SULAWESI." Geosfera Indonesia 4, no. 2 (August 20, 2019): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v4i2.9435.
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This study aims to determine the utilization of forests conducted by communities in forest area of Wolasi sub-district. This research was conducted in Wolasi forest sub-district of Southeast Sulawesi Province. The research methods used were survey and interview with 86 and 87 respondents with purposive sampling by plotting two different villages characteristics to represent forest utilization form in different area (villages in lowland landforms) and Aoma village (village has the shape of hilly terrain). The result of this study examining the forests utilization of inhabitants in Wolasi sub-district, which is represented by two topographic characteristics. Reseacher selected two similar conditions that engage the forest as a source of daily needs and workface that is considered as a resource, producing timber and non-timber products. Ranowila inhabitants occupations are dominated with farmers, while in Leleka village, despite being farmers, some inhabitants are craftsmen of non-timber forest products such as bamboo and rattan as well as furniture entrepreneur. This fact is influenced by residential areas that close to the forest and can be observed through the neighbourhood area which is close to the temporary forest area in Leleka Village. Temporary forest is located in an area which always extends land, since the topography circumstance encourages numerous people prefer to live closely towards their managed land. The forest is beneficial both in the term of land utilization or forest products,due to the distance there is limited knowledge,as well as limited work, it enhances low expenditure obtained.
Keywords: Utilization, Forest, Community in District Wolasi
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Schuler, Douglas, Andreas Rasche, Dror Etzion, and Lisa Newton. "Guest Editors’ Introduction:Corporate Sustainability Management and Environmental Ethics." Business Ethics Quarterly 27, no. 2 (April 2017): 213–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/beq.2016.80.
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ABSTRACT:This article reviews four key orientations in environmental ethics that range from an instrumental understanding of sustainability to one that acknowledges the intrinsic value of sustainable behavior (i.e., sustainable resource use, conservation and preservation, rights-based perspectives, and deep ecology). It then shows that the current scholarly discourse around corporate sustainability management—as reflected in environment management (EM), corporate social responsibility (CSR), and corporate political activity (CPA)—mostly favors an instrumental perspective on sustainability. Sustainable business practices are viewed as anthropocentric and are conceptualized as a means to achieve competitive advantage. Based on these observations, we speculate about what corporate sustainability management might look like if it applied ethical orientations that emphasize the intrinsic value of nature. This discussion also includes an introduction to two articles in this special section focused on the role of the environmental manager and sustainability standards, both of which offer paths for incorporating intrinsic valuation of the environment into sustainability management.
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Gruener, Sven, and Norbert Hirschauer. "An experimental investigation of mental accounting in environmental economics." International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology 12, no. 1 (2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijarge.2016.074674.
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