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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central

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Academic literature on the topic 'Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

1

Bean, Charles R. "Economic and Monetary Union in Europe." Journal of Economic Perspectives 6, no. 4 (1992): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.6.4.31.

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The European Council's Maastricht Agreement maps out a precise route to monetary union and the eventual introduction of a common currency. My discussion begins with a look at the general arguments for and against monetary union. I shall then discuss the proposed constitution of the European Central Bank and whether it is likely to be conducive to monetary stability, together with some of the problems posed by the transition to the new regime. Finally, I will turn to the issue of rules for the conduct of fiscal policy and the question of “fiscal federalism.”

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Randzio-Plath, Christa. "The euro - our future in Europe." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 4, no. 1 (1998): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899800400107.

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Economic and Monetary Union has been created to complete the single market, to provide optimal macro-economic conditions for employment-enhancing growth and to promote further political integration in the European Union. Unfortunately in the discussion about monetary union the reasons why Europe needs EMU have been almost forgotten. As the future European Central Bank will be solely responsible for European monetary policy and thus be influencing strongly the overall macro-economic framework in Europe, the question of democratic accountability of monetary authorities needs to be debated. EMU i

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Herzog, Bodo. "Judgment of the German Federal Constitutional Court (2 BvR 859/15) on the Public Sector Purchase Programme of the ECB: An Interdisciplinary Analysis." European Public Law 27, Issue 4 (2021): 653–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2021032.

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On 5 May 2020, the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany announced in a momentous ruling that the Public Sector Purchase Programme (PSPP) of the European Central Bank (ECB) exceeds European Union (EU) competences. This decision initiated a lively debate in law and economics all over Europe. This article provides a unique interdisciplinary reading of the ruling in order to clarify the line of argument. Considering a cross-disciplinary view enlightens the understanding of the historic judgment. Ultra-Vires, European Court of Justice, German Federal Constitutional Court, Public Sector Purchase

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EPSTEIN, RACHEL A., and JULIET JOHNSON. "Uneven Integration: Economic and Monetary Union in Central and Eastern Europe." JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 48, no. 5 (2010): 1237–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2010.02111.x.

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Dominguez, Kathryn M. E. "The European Central Bank, the Euro, and Global Financial Markets." Journal of Economic Perspectives 20, no. 4 (2006): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.20.4.67.

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The economic case for European monetary union was shaky at best when it was first discussed 35 years ago. Europe's leaders felt that monetary union was the capstone to their efforts to create an integrated Europe, and much to the rest of the world's surprise, they succeeded. The introduction of the euro and the establishment of the European Central Bank (ECB) as the monetary authority of Europe went much more smoothly than many predicted. But nagging doubts about the wisdom of integration persist. The slim margins by which the Maastricht Treaty passed and the wide margin on which the European

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Beju, Daniela-Georgeta, Maria-Lenuţa Ciupac-Ulici, and Codruța-Maria Fǎt. "Central Bank Independence and Inflation IN EU-28." Land Forces Academy Review 22, no. 4 (2017): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/raft-2017-0034.

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Abstract Today, both policymakers and academicians consider that the central bank’s main goal is to guarantee price stability. The central bank can sustain the government’s economic policies, but only without prejudicing this objective. In order to focus on price stability several studies found that central bank should have a high level of independence. This is why during the recent decades the majority of developed countries, but also several emerging economies have employed institutional reforms that conferred their monetary authorities – the central bank – more independence. Within the Euro

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Deng, Haoran, Tzuhan Lin, Zihao Ma, and Yixi Wang. "The impact of European Monetary Union on different countries within the EU." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 2 (November 6, 2022): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v2i.2371.

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The decision on the establishment of economic and Monetary Union will be regarded as a major event in the economic history of Europe. A stable European monetary structure will affect the future not only of the Member States of the Community, but also of the whole world. It is likely to serve as a guidepost for the economic policies of future members of the European Community, such as Austria, Sweden and Finland, as well as the emerging market economies of Central and Eastern Europe. These countries are looking forward to closer links with the European Community. Monetary union would also provi

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Zawojska, Aldona. "Strefa euro a nowe kraje członkowskie Unii Europejskiej - dywergencja czy konwergencja gospodarcza?" Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 53 (September 25, 2004): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2004.53.12.

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Economic and Monetary Union is unique in that it combines centralised conduct of monetary policy by the European Central Bank (ECB) with national sovereignty over fiscal and other economic policies. Its main goals are providing greater macroeconomic stability and improving economic efficiency in the euro area. After implementation of the EU enlargement on l May 2004, the ten new EU member states now face the challenge of joining the Eurozone. Central and East European Countries (CEEC) differ significantly with regards to their economic performance. Of the eight countries in Central and Eastern

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Ben, Arfa. "Analysis of shocks affecting Europe: EMU and some central and eastern acceding countries." Panoeconomicus 56, no. 1 (2009): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0901021b.

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This paper deals with the synchronization of business cycles and economic shocks between the euro area and acceding countries. We therefore extract the business cycle component of output by using Hodrick-Prescott filter. Supply and demand shocks are recovered from estimated structural VAR models of output growth and inflation using long run restriction (Blanchard and Quah). We then check the (A) symmetry of these shocks by calculating the correlation between euro area shocks and those of the different acceding countries. We find that several acceding countries have a quite high correlation of

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Radovic, Irena. "Challenges for monetary policy in the enlarged European monetary Union." Panoeconomicus 56, no. 1 (2009): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0901095r.

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The eastward enlargement of the Euro area entails significant implications for the accession candidates in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), the existing Euro system and the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB). The present analysis assesses the challenges and critical aspects in monetary policy modeling with special emphasis to enlargement. The focus is on the difficulty of implementing a unique currency policy in view or growing heterogeneity within the enlarged monetary union, and secondly - the issue of the voting mechanism within the ECB. When analyzing those two issues, it

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

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Quaglia, Lucia. "Italy and economic and monetary union : domestic politics and European union policy-making." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390828.

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Gérard, Marc. "Economic catching-up and monetary integration of Central and Eastern European countries." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100021.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse au défi que représente le rattrapage des niveaux de prix pour la stabilité macroéconomique des pays en transition d’Europe centrale et orientale, dans la perspective de leur future participation à la zone euro. A cet égard, une modélisation du taux de change réel d’équilibre suggère que l’appréciation réelle liée au rattrapage économique recouvre des évolutions de prix relatifs différentes suivant les régimes de change, dont témoignent des trajectoires d’endettement extérieur contrastées. Dans les économies en changes flexibles, la hausse du taux de change nominal favor

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Alouini, Olfa. "Country size, growth and the economic and monetary union." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16609.

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Der Zweck dieser Arbeit ist es, die Beziehung zwischen die Größe des Landes und das Wachstum auf internationaler Ebene und vergleichsweise in der Wirtschafts-und Währungsunion zu untersuchen und erarbeiten ihre Folgen für das Verhalten der wachstumsorientierte Finanzpolitik. Um ein globales Verständnis des Zusammenhangs zwischen Größe des Landes und das Wachstum in der EWU weiter verfolgen wir einen interdisziplinären Ansatz, einschließlich der makroökonomischen Modellierung (DSGE), Ökonometrie und Analyse der politischen Ökonomie. Die Kombination dieser Untersuchungen schließen wir, dass die

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Seiter, Corina. "Vergleich historischer Währungsunionen und Zentralbankensysteme als Lehrstück für die Europäische Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion /." Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009800656&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Haiss, Peter, and Stefan Marin. "Options for developing bond markets. Lessons from Asia for Central and Eastern Europe." Europainstitut, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2005. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1234/1/document.pdf.

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Asian efforts towards bond market development are driven by the 1997-98 financial crises; Central and Eastern European efforts by the transition towards EMU. The small size of most of the economies underlying these still "emerging" bond markets poses the question of minimum efficient scale and which options to pursue. We argue that the joint bond funds and regional bond market linkups that follow existing trade, FDI and bank ties will broaden the sources of finance, can improve market discipline, provide signals to the market, and thus increase financial stability. Based upon bond market data

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Sousa, Pedro. "Decisões de política monetária num espaço de economias nacionais heterogéneas." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/758.

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Doutoramento em Economia<br>Doutoramento em Economia<br>O objectivo desta tese consiste em determinar se a taxa de juro decidida pelo Conselho do BCE tem respondido às necessidades do agregado da união UEM ou se, em vez disso, existem indícios de enviesamento na direcção de interesses nacionais individuais. Admite-se que os membros do Conselho adoptam comportamentos distintos - enquanto os membros da Comissão Executiva manifestam preferência pela taxa de juro adequada à UEM, os governadores dos bancos centrais nacionais, embora se mantenham politicamente independentes, são sensíveis ao estado

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Labondance, Fabien. "Essai sur l'Union Monétaire Européenne." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677022.

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Afin de répondre au questionnement général de cette thèse qui traite de la viabilité de l'union monétaire européenne, ce travail est divisé en trois parties. Dans la première, nous analysons notre objet d'étude à un niveau méta. Nous montrons ainsi que l'architecture institutionnelle de la zone euro est axée sur la stabilité monétaire sans proposer formellement des mécanismes d'ajustement aux chocs. La deuxième partie s'intéresse à la question de la synchronisation des économies européennes par l'intermédiaire de deux essais. Nous montrons que d'importantes hétérogénéités demeurent. La troisiè

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Fontan, Clément. "Une institution politique à l'épreuve de la crise : la Banque Centrale Européenne dans l'Union Economique et Monétaire (août 2007 - janvier 2012)." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00926443.

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Comment la Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE) a-t-elle étendu son influence et ses compétences dans l'Union Economique et Monétaire (UEM) pendant la crise de la zone euro? Pour répondre à cette question, nous analysons le jeu politique de la BCE, basé sur un double mouvement paradoxal de défense de sa réputation originelle et d'extension de ses compétences au-delà de la sphère monétaire. Cette stratégie lui a permis de gérer les tensions et les opportunités liées à la crise de la zone euro : ses canaux d'influence (son monopole sur la liquidité, la reconnaissance de son expertise sur les marchés

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Fidalgo, Cristina Patrícia Gouveia Dias. "Teoria generalizada da paridade do poder de compra : uma aplicação às economias da Europa Central." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21111.

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Mestrado em Econometria Aplicada e Previsão<br>No presente estudo pretende-se analisar se os três países da Europa Central em vias de aderir à União Económica Monetária - Hungria, Polónia e República Checa - constituem, de facto, uma Zona Monetária Ótima no espírito de Mundell (1961) com os países da Zona Euro vis-à-vis a economia da Alemanha, colocando, assim, um fim à fase de transição dos últimos 16 anos. Para tal, recorre-se à teoria Generalizada da Paridade do Poder de Compra, inicialmente proposta por Enders e Hurn (1994), empiricamente testável com recurso ao modelo vetorial de correção

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Haag, Gustaf. "Currency Transaction Tax and the European Union : An analysis on the conformity between the EU treaties and the concept of a Currency Transaction Tax." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-14026.

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Never before in history has the amount of international trade been higher or more efficient than it is today. The fastest growing type of trade is the speculative currency trading, searching for instant profit based only on the anticipation of the variations in currency exchange rates. When currency speculation becomes an influential part of the capital flows it becomes harmful and creates instability of currency systems. Exchange rates starts to fluctuate due to the will and anticipation of speculators rather than the economic health of the country associated with the currency. This has led t

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Books on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

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Menkhoff, Lukas. Monetary policy instruments for European monetary union. Springer, 1997.

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Commission, European, ed. Economic and monetary union: Compilation of community legislation. European Commission, 1999.

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Susan, Schadler, and International Monetary Fund, eds. Adopting the euro in central Europe: Challenges of the next step in European integration. International Monetary Fund, 2005.

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Ahijado, Manuel. Unión Económica y Monetaria Europea: La ampliación al Este. Ediciones Pirámide, 1999.

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Begg, David K. H. Monetary and exchange rate policies, EMU and Central and Eastern Europe. CEPR, 1999.

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Schweiger, Georg Christopher. European Central Bank. Minerva, 2000.

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Masson, Paul R. Monetary and exchange rate policy of transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe after the launch of EMU. International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 1999.

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Kopits, George. Implications of EMU for exchange rate policy in Central and Eastern Europe. International Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 1999.

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F, Dyson Kenneth H., ed. Enlarging the Euro area: External empowerment and domestic transformation in East Central Europe. Oxford University Press, 2006.

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Bosco, Andrea, and Massimiliano Guderzo, eds. A Monetary Hope for Europe. Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-966-5.

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A Monetary Hope for Europe. This book studies the euro in a global perspective and opens a new series edited by the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence of the University of Florence, Verso l’unificazione europea. Most of the chapters have been written by economists who met and discussed their diverse views at a multi-disciplinary conference organized by the Centre in May 2013 under the title The euro and the struggle for the creation of a new global currency: Problems and perspectives in the building of the political, financial and economic foundations of the European federal government.

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Book chapters on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

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Papadia, Francesco, and Ciro Schioppa. "Economic Convergence and Monetary Union." In Foundations of European Central Bank Policy. Physica-Verlag HD, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50302-3_6.

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Rehman, Scheherazade S. "The European Central Bank." In The Path to European Economic and Monetary Union. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5358-4_5.

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Várhegyi, Éva. "Reforms and Development of the Banking Systems in Transition Economies." In Central Europe towards Monetary Union: Macroeconomic Underpinnings and Financial Reputation. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1385-8_6.

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Bilotta, Nicola. "The Weaponization of Finance and Digitalization: A Cooperative Approach Between the EU and LAC." In United Nations University Series on Regionalism. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68475-3_20.

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AbstractSince the demise of the Gold Standard, the US dollar has stood as the sole global currency, empowering the United States with considerable foreign policy leverage. However, developments like economic dislocations, geopolitical tensions, and digitalization pose challenges that could lead to fragmentation in the global monetary system. The risk is forming economic blocs that establish parallel, non-complementary systems that impede the free flow of capital and money across borders. The potential rise of national Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) offers a new tool to reshape the int

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Chang, Michele. "The European Central Bank." In Economic and Monetary Union. Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-34295-9_4.

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Bakker, Age F. P. "Towards Economic and Monetary Union." In The Liberalization of Capital Movements in Europe. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0123-3_9.

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Welsh, Michael. "Economic and Monetary Union: The uncertain dynamic." In Europe United? Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24761-5_10.

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Pilbeam, Keith. "Economic and Monetary Union in Europe." In International Finance. Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-10283-6_16.

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Tomann, Horst. "The Economic and Monetary Union: Institutions and Credibility." In Monetary Integration in Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230288621_3.

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Tomann, Horst. "The Economic and Monetary Union: Institutions and Credibility." In Monetary Integration in Europe. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59247-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

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Sajková, Patrícia, Elena Kašťáková, and Vladyslav Bato. "Trade and Sustainable Development Between the European Union and New Zealand." In 25th International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53465/ceecbe.2025.9788022552257.303-314.

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The bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the European Union (EU) and New Zealand, concluded in May 2024, represents a significant advancement in their trade and economic relations. Both partners prioritize social, economic, and environmental objectives as integral components of their trade policies, reflecting shared values and a commitment to balanced growth. The paper assesses how trade policies can support environmental objectives and strengthen circular economy principles. A particular emphasis is placed on Chapter 19 of the EU-New Zealand FTA, titled "Trade and Sustainable Develop

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Polouček, Stanislav. "Credit Behaviour of Banks in the European Union in the Wake of Global Economic Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00221.

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Recent financial crises hit many countries. The impact on Visegrad countries in credit area was not damaging. The main reason was stability and soundness of financial (banking) sectors in these countries and an adequate response of central banks as well as flexible management of commercial banks. Commercial banks, usually daughter companies of western banks, used above all domestic deposits for financing credits. This played a key role in credit area and helped to keep the financial system stable. It is important to underpin that responses to the crisis have been rather heterogeneous in centra

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Dias, Raquel, Joana Pais, Inês Rocha, and Fernando Belfo. "Did the PIIGS Already Fly? A Retrospective Study of the European Economy Using Data Mining Techniques." In 23ª Conferência da Associação Portuguesa de Sistemas de Informação. Associação Portuguesa de Sistemas de Informação, APSI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18803/capsi.v23.264-278.

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The term PIIGS was used to refer to five countries in Europe, respectively Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain. This nomenclature was created due to the fact that they shared similar economic and financial contexts and challenges during the 2008 financial crisis. These countries were affected by the reduction of investor confidence regarding the payment of their debts, which resulted in a significant increase in the cost of the respective debts. sovereign debts. Lack of access to adequate finance has led to bailout programs and austerity measures imposed by the European Union, European

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Jerković, Emina. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE EURO AS THE OFFICIAL CURRENCY IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22414.

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The 1992 Maastricht Treaty defined the conditions for the introduction of the euro as a common currency in the European Union. These are macroeconomic indicators that measure the level of nominal convergence achieved and thus the state’s readiness to participate in monetary union. These conditions (convergence criteria) relate to price stability, stability and sustainability of public finances, which includes budget deficits and public debt, exchange rate stability and convergence of long-term interest rates. In addition to nominal convergence, the degree of legal convergence is also assessed

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Luković, Vesna. "CENTRAL BANK INDEPENDENCE IN TRANSITION ECONOMY JOINING THE EUROPEAN MONETARY UNION (WITH THE CASE OF SLOVENIA)." In 5th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2019.15.

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Gündoğdu Odabaşıoğlu, Fatma. "Path to the Common Monetary Authority: An Assessment on Banking Sector of the Eurasian Economic Union Countries during the Economic Integration Proces." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01269.

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Monetary union is one of the advanced stages of international economic integration and involves shared monetary and exchange rate policies that are executed collectively across union members. This common policy warrants price stability and requires a common supranational monetary authority. Existence of an established banking sector is crucial for effective execution of policy decisions taken by said monetary authorities. Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is officially established on January 1st of 2015 and is an example for a regional economic integration. Aim of the Union, which is comprised of

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Aydemir, Ahmet Fatih, and Ahmet Alkan Çelik. "The Relations between Stabilization Policies and Economic Growth in the Economies of Central Asia and Caucasia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00399.

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In the early 1990s, with the fall of communism and the dissolution of USSR, the so-called transition economies have emerged in Eastern Europe and the former USSR. Within this transition period from planned to market economies, fiscal and monetary discipline has not been adequately emphasized while the crucial aim of these economies is to realize price liberalization, privatization and economic stabilization. Hence, the problems of income distribution and growth have not been able to be solved. In this paper, we analyze the relations between economic growth and fiscal and monetary discipline in

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Luptáková, Anabela, and Elena Kašťáková. "The Position of the Eurasian Economic Union in the EU’s Foreign Trade Relations." In The 20th International Joint Conference: Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Prague University of Economics and Business, Oeconomica Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/pr.2020.cer.2395.13.

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SIMON, ANDRAS. "ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF THE PACIFIC BASIN WITH RESTRUCTURING CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION." In Proceedings of the Economic Development of ROC and the Pacific Rim in the 1990s and Beyond. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440998_0021.

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Kašťáková, Elena, and Anabela Luptáková. "Slovakia's Foreign Trade with the Countries of the Integration Core of the Eurasian Economic Union." In 21st International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment : Proceedings. University of Economics in Bratislava, Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/pr.2021.krn.4816.8.

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Reports on the topic "Economic and Monetary Union – Europe, Central"

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Bergsen, Pepijn, Leah Downey, Max Krahé, Hans Kundnani, Manuela Moschella, and Quinn Slobodian. The economic basis of democracy in Europe: structural economic change, inequality and the depoliticization of economic policymaking. Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135362.

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- To understand contemporary challenges to European democracy, it is crucial to look beyond the surface of politics and consider the deeper relationship between democracy and the economy. Instead of focusing exclusively on the rise of ‘populism’, it is necessary to acknowledge the multiplicity of threats to European democracy, in particular those arising from the structure of European economies and economic policymaking. - Understanding these weaknesses in the functioning of European democracies is crucial to an effective approach to future economic transformations, in particular the green tra

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Romero, Antonio. The Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement and relations between European Union and Cuba. Fundación Carolina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtff01en.

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This document makes an assessment of the Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement (PDCA) between Cuba and the European Union (EU) in its four years of validity, and of the evolution of political and economic relations between both parties. The analysis is structured in five headings that address the background, determinants and significance of the PDCA between Cuba and the EU; the main elements discussed in the political dialogue —and in thematic dialogue— between the two parties since 2018, and the central aspects of trade, investment and cooperation relations between Cuba and the EU. The

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Knaepen, Hanne. Climate risks in Tunisia: Challenges to adaptation in the agri-food system. European Centre for Development Policy Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc009.

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Tunisia’s agricultural system is central to the stability of the country, but it is also extremely prone to climate risks such as droughts and reduced or more variable rainfall. It is predicted that agricultural yields from key crops like wheat and olives will decline. These climate risks on Tunisia’s agricultural and wider food system can lead to socioeconomic instability and potentially cause security risks. Furthermore, these risks can have knock-on effects that cross national borders, sectors and systems. Tunisia’s capacity to adapt to climate change is undermined by three sets of politica

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Monetary Policy Report - July 2022. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr3-2022.

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In the second quarter, annual inflation (9.67%), the technical staff’s projections and its expectations continued to increase, remaining above the target. International cost shocks, accentuated by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, have been more persistent than projected, thus contributing to higher inflation. The effects of indexation, higher than estimated excess demand, a tighter labor market, inflation expectations that continue to rise and currently exceed 3%, and the exchange rate pressures add to those described above. High core inflation measures as well as in the producer price index (PPI

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Monetary Policy Report - January 2023. Banco de la República, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr1-2023.

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1. Macroeconomic Summary In December, headline inflation (13.1%) and the average of the core inflation measures (10.3%) continued to trend upward, posting higher rates than those estimated by the Central Bank's technical staff and surpassing the market average. Inflation expectations for all terms exceeded the 3.0% target. In that month, every major group in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) registered higher-than-estimated increases, and the diffusion indicators continued to show generalized price hikes. Accumulated exchange rate pressures on prices, indexation to high inflation rates, and sever

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Asian Development Outlook 2023. Asian Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/fls230112-3.

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This publication highlights brighter economic prospects for Asia and the Pacific amid ongoing challenges. It forecasts growth across the region’s developing economies of 4.8% this year and in 2024, up from 4.2% in 2022. The reopening of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) will boost regional economic growth through supply chain linkages and demand for goods and services. Growth in the PRC is expected to rebound to 5.0% this year from 3.0% in 2022. Healthy domestic demand in India will also support regional growth: India is forecast to grow by 6.4% in 2023. Growth in the Caucasus and Central A

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Informe de Política Monetaria - Julio 2022. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-spa.tr3-2022.

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1.1 Resumen macroeconómico En el segundo trimestre de 2022 la inflación anual (9,67 %), su pronóstico y sus expectativas se incrementaron y se mantuvieron por encima de la meta. Los choques internacionales de costos, intensificados por la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania, han sido más persistentes de lo estimado y contribuyeron a elevar la inflación. A esto se suman los efectos de la indexación, unos excesos de demanda mayores de lo estimado, un mercado laboral más ajustado, unas expectativas de inflación que siguen aumentando y que superan el 3 %, y las presiones provenientes de la tasa de cambio.

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Financial Markets Report - Second Quarter 2023. Banco de la República, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rmf.eng2-trim.2023.

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Throughout the second quarter of the year, high inflation levels continued to ease, benefiting both the local public debt and that of counterparts in the region (Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Peru). Conversely, amid stronger-than-anticipated economic activity in developed economies and expectations of a more contractionary monetary policy path, public debt in these countries depreciated. Riskier assets were favored by an increase in risk appetite. Global inflationary pressures remain high, although showing a downward trend, while economic activity demonstrated greater resilience than expected. Ma

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