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1
Bocharova, Nadiia, Victor Popov, and Evheniia Tupytska. "Economic and legal aspects of transportation of cargo in Ukraine in the conditions of Euro integration." SHS Web of Conferences 67 (2019): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196703001.
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The article is devoted to the study of legal and economic relations that arise in the field of cargo transportation, in particular, their transshipment and legal grounds for its implementation. The article analyzes the legal nature of cargo handling in both the technological process and civil law services. It is determined that transshipment is a separate technological operation in the course of transportation and has its own basis for implementation, which serves as an agreement and therefore confirms and ensures the existence of a legal relationship between individual actors in economic turnover. The authors list the criteria for the economic efficiency of cargo handling, including delivery of cargo to the area where there are no certain types of transport; economic expediency of certain types of transport; and speeding up the delivery process. The European experience in using the cargo handling operation, the basis of the activity of logistic cents and the purpose of their functioning are analyzed. The statistical indicators of economic efficiency in the EU member countries are determined. The authors draw conclusions on the impact of European integration processes on the Ukrainian economy, in particular on the development of the logistics sector.
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Klebanov, D. A., M. A. Makeyev, and D. N. Sizemov. "Use of Autonomous and Remotely Operated Equipment in Surface Mining." Mining Industry (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 6/2020 (December 29, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2020-6-14-18.
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The article describes design principles for autonomous cargo transportation systems and social aspects of their implementation. Economic prerequisites for creation of autonomous cargo transportation systems in Russia and in the world are analyzed as well as the composition of the complex autonomous system. Issues of economic justification for implementation of autonomous cargo transportation systems, regulatory framework and safety provision of autonomous dump truck application are also addressed.
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Antonowicz, Mirosław, and Henryk Zielaskiewicz. "Intermodal terminals, aspects of the selection of design solutions." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2019, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_19_06_05.
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The authors present trends of changes in intermodal transport in Poland and the importance of the development of linear and point infrastructure to maintain favorable trends in the growth of this segment of cargo transport. An important element of the point infrastructure transport system are intermodal terminals. Appropriate selection of locations for future transport infrastructure has a significant impact on the course of the investment process and the economic success of the project. An important stage is the stage of investment planning and development of the concept, adjusting the object to the anticipated cargo protocol taking into account time factors.
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Günlük-Şeneser, Gülay. "Some Economic Aspects of Turkish Armaments Spending." New Perspectives on Turkey 13 (1995): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600002363.
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The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the economic aspects of armament expenditures in Turkey in recent years. There are two forms of arms acquisitions: purchasing from abroad and purchasing from domestic arms producers. In both cases, the government is the sole purchasing and/or ordering body. When purchasing from domestic producers, the government expresses a preference in terms of promoting a new industrial activity. Hence the acquisition decisions of the Turkish armed forces are reflected onto the markets through the government. This is the main reason why armament decisions do not remain solely in the political and/or military domain, but have serious economic implications, the means of financing being the most important.
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Marchenko, S. S., L. E. Mamedova, and M. E. Gogolyukhina. "Economic Aspects of Modernization of Vessels Operating on the Northern Sea Route." Economics and Management 27, no. 6 (July 23, 2021): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-6-471-478.
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Aim. The presented study aims to develop methodological tools for assessing the economic aspects of the modernization of vessels operating on the Northern Sea Route.Tasks. The authors address the problem of economic justification for the modernization and improvement of efficiency of mixed river-sea cargo transport vessels operating on the Northern Sea Route; develop an algorithm and methodology for assessing the economic aspects of the modernization of vessels operating on the Northern Sea Route; determine the economic effect of upgrading the register class of modernized river vessels. Methods. This study proposes an algorithm for the economic assessment of the modernization of river and sea vessels, which includes the constructed mathematical models for upgrading the class of the vessel and forecasting net income.Results. The authors assess the economic viability of upgrading the register class of modernized vessels of the Omskiy and Sibirskiy type, which could become more competitive in the future and continue to operate on the Northern Sea Route with high economic efficiency, ensuring the supply of goods to northern Russian territories; form the financial profile of investment projects for the modernization of the considered types of vessels.Conclusions. Modernizing and upgrading the register class of river vessels and mixed river-sea vessels is a promising direction for adding modern cargo ships to the Russian fleet operating on the Northern Sea Route, particularly in the context of deliveries of goods to northern Russian territories. The performed economic assessment of the modernization of a Sibirskiy-type vessel according to the developed algorithm confirms the economic viability of modernizing mixed river-sea vessels.
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Belozerov, V. L. "Socio-economic aspects of innovation projects in the transport." Transportation systems and technology 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2016215-15.
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Some general aspects of design of magnetic levitation transport are considered. It is noted that during creation of transport on a magnetic suspension the main questions are: traffic safety, social and economic effect which will be reached from introduction of this type of transport, availability and mobility of the population, environmental friendliness, etc. A new type of transport can be effectively used in long-distance and suburban area of large cities to provide transportation from the center to the airports, sea, river and bus stations and transport hubs. It can be used for the cargo transportation. Creation of magnetic levitation transport promotes achievement of economic interests of the state and regions, gives rise to the development of promising areas of science and attract young scientists, researchers, development of new technologies, production processes, creation of new workplaces, etc. Material is intended for scientists, experts of transport, graduate students and students of higher educational institutions.
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Baginova, Vera, Sergey Lyovin, and Dmitry Ushakov. "The Northern Sea Route as a reefer container transport corridor." E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 08058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199108058.
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The use of the Northern Sea Route as a transport corridor between the European and Asian continents is currently attracting increased interest in the trade, economic and logistic communities. The possibility to deliver cargo from Europe to Asia and back much faster is extremely attractive for cargo owners in the conditions of instability of the development of modern regional economic trends, turbulence of the global economy as a whole. In the conditions of rapidly changing market demand and supply in the markets of food products in Europe and Asia, the use of the Northern Sea Route as the shortest route between two continents is becoming especially popular for operators in the field of perishable goods logistics. Nevertheless, the possibility of using the Northern Sea Route is significantly limited by the complexity of transporting cargo in the autumn-winter period due to the need for ice pilotage. Assessment of the competitiveness of the Northern Sea Route compared to traditional routes seems to be an important aspect of the formation of consumer preferences among the owners of perishable goods and operators of transportation in reefer containers. The paper proposes a method for assessing the competitiveness of the Northern Sea Route with respect to alternative routes, taking into account the specifics of transportation of perishable goods in reefer containers. Criteria and indicators of competitiveness of the compared routes are presented, covering the full range of economic and technological components that determine the handling and transportation of perishable goods in reefer containers.
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Marchenko, Sergey Sergeevich, and Alexander Nikolaevich Lazarev. "Aspects of investment risks assessment in transport vessels modernization." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2020, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2020-4-130-136.
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The article presents a descriptive account of economic feasibility of obsolete transport vessels continuing operation by assessing the investment risks on their modernization efforts. The issues of economic assessment of the shipowner's investment risks when making a management decision on the transport fleet modernization are considered. The algorithm of management of the ship modernization risks is defined. The stages of the risk management of vessel modernization are analyzed and listed: risk identification, risk analysis, risk assessment, risk control. Formal foreign systems of risk classification, their content and differences are analyzed. A classification of transport vessel modernization risks has been developed, which allows identifying and structuring information about ship modernization risks and differentiating them by main classification criteria. The discount rate for the transport vessel modernization investment project based on risk premiums has been determined. According to this method, the discount rate is calculated as the sum of the risk-free interest rate, the rate of inflation, and the risk premium that was calculated by an expert method for the modernization project of a mixed-use dry cargo vessel. A quantitative assessment of the modernization risks of a mixed-navigation dry cargo vessel has been performed, the most significant classification features have been identified (modernization risk and industry risk). The currently topical natural risk of coronavirus infection has also been stated.
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Ergec, Etem Hakan, Bengül Gülümser Kaytanci, and Metin Toprak. "Reconciliation or polarization in Islamic bank preference? Socio-political, socio-economic and demographic aspects." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 9, no. 1 (April 18, 2016): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-07-2013-0082.
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Purpose The reasons for Islamic bank preferences have been extensively covered in the literature where religion has been depicted as a strong factor. In the limited number of accounts on this subject in Turkey, it was found that religiosity is a major factor in the selection of Islamic banks. Design/methodology/approach This study evaluates the findings of a major field work performed in the period between March and May 2011 in Eskisehir with the participation of Islamic bank customers. In the study, a sample of 500 respondents was used and a semi-structured survey was conducted. Findings According to the findings, religiosity is not the most significant and leading factor in Islamic bank preference; instead, it was found as the fourth most important factor. The study finds that recommendation by friends and relatives is the most significant factor for the people in preferring Islamic banks. The nationalist-conservative people make stronger reference to the religiosity as a factor than the secular-modernist and leftist-social democrat people do. Socioeconomic status is not found as a significant factor in the Islamic bank preference. People in advanced age, men, people with lower income and businessmen/artisan rely on the religiosity in Islamic bank preference as a factor stronger than people from other backgrounds. Practical implications In conclusion, it could be said that there is a strong relation of substitution between Islamic banks and conventional banks in Turkey and that the Islamic banks play significant role in inclusion of the people staying out of the banking system due to religious concerns and considerations in the financial system. Originality/value It is very comprehensive, both politically and economically, to handle the issue of Islamic banking.
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Kontovas, Christos A., and Krishna Sooprayen. "Maritime Cargo Prioritisation during a Prolonged Pandemic Lockdown Using an Integrated TOPSIS-Knapsack Technique: A Case Study on Small Island Developing States—The Rodrigues Island." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 7992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197992.
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Many remote areas, such as island states, are highly dependent on the transportation of cargo, and any disruptions similar to the 2020 pandemic lockdowns can negatively affect their respective supply chains. These disruptions could lead to a severe humanitarian crisis. It is therefore imperative to develop a cargo prioritisation process to ensure that essential commodities are transported. We propose a decision-aid tool that integrates two methods: (a) the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and (b) the knapsack problem. Containers are prioritised based on attributes such as their importance and their economic value. TOPSIS is used to calculate a score for each container and the knapsack problem determines the containers to be imported respecting the transportation capacity constraints. The practical applicability of the model is demonstrated by a case study on a Small Island Developing State. The proposed decision-aid tool could also be extended to be used in disaster relief situations.
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Belianevych, O. A. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE LEGAL QUALIFICATION OF BALANCING RELATIONS OF THE GAS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM." Economics and Law, no. 1 (April 15, 2021): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.01.080.
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The article covers topical aspects on the management of relations arising in connection with the performance by the operator of the gas transportation system of Ukraine of the balancing function when implementing the activities of transportation of natural gas by the gas transportation system. It is argued that economic activity of transportation of natural gas by the gas transportation system is regulated by Section 32 of the Economic Code of Ukraine (EC). The activity of transportation of natural gas is covered by the definition of cargo transportation (Article 360 of EC) because under the contract for natural gas transportation in the pipelines the transposition of industrial and technology production is carried out. Accordingly, relations arising out of the contract for natural gas transportation are covered not only by Civil Code of Ukraine (CC), Laws of Ukraine "On transportation", "On pipeline transportation", "On the natural gas market" and other legislative acts, but also by the norms of the EC, in particular, in terms of legal regulation of cargo transportation and contracts for cargo transportation. In general, the system of relations on the natural gas market can be presented as a body of contracts of different types concluded by the participants of the natural gas market. Rights and obligations of the participants of the natural gas market as parties to relevant contracts are defined directly by the Law "On the natural gas market", as well as by the Gas Transportation Systems Code (GTSC) and by the Model Contract for Natural Gas Transportation, approved by the decision of the National Energy and Utilities Regulatory Commission (NEURC), other subordinate legislation. In its essence, the GTSC is an act of co-regulation of economic activity of the natural gas market by two participants: by NEURC as a regulatory authority in energy and utility and by an economic entity — an operator of the gas transportation system. Accordingly, it is hierarchi cally subordinated to acts of the higher normative level (EC and CC), special laws that regulate relations in the sphere of natural gas transportation, and cannot contradict them. This requirement of hierarchy is manifested, among other things, in the fact that subordinate legislation cannot change mandatory norms of acts of higher legal force, including legal constructions of sale and purchase contract and service contract. In this regard, it is argued that balancing of the gas transportation system and settling of imbalances of customers of gas transportation services shall not be considered as an object of legal relations on the provision of services within the meaning of general norms of Section 63 of CC on services.
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Tseng, Ming-Lang, Phan Tan, Shiou-Yun Jeng, Chun-Wei Lin, Yeneneh Negash, and Susilo Darsono. "Sustainable Investment: Interrelated among Corporate Governance, Economic Performance and Market Risks Using Investor Preference Approach." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (April 9, 2019): 2108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11072108.
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Prior studies are lacking on the drivers of sustainable investment. Hence, this study examines the relationship between the social aspects, environmental aspects, economic benefits, market conditions, and corporate governance issues on sustainable investment. Sustainable investment has been rising since the last decade. However, sustainable investment is preceded by ethical investment, green investment, and socially responsible investment. In order to understand the sustainability of an investment before decision-making, it proposed a set of attributes to measure its sustainability using investor’s linguistics preferences. The proposed attributes are interrelated and based on investor’s linguistic preferences. The study employs the fuzzy set theory to handle the uncertainty resulting from the vagueness of linguistic terms and applies decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to determine the nature of interrelationships among sustainable investment attributes. The result indicates that corporate governance, economic performance, and market risks are the causal aspects of sustainable investment. In addition, this study found that transparency, anti-corruption, and board diversity were the two most important criteria of corporate governance. Furthermore, the three most important criteria of economic performance presented the model were excess return, market value, and shareholder loyalty. The theoretical and practical implications of sustainable investment are discussed.
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Lingaitienė, Olga, Juozas Merkevičius, and Vida Davidavičienė. "The Model of Vehicle and Route Selection for Energy Saving." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 4528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084528.
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The World Bank, United Nations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and others are in line with the governments of countries that are strongly interested in the sustainable development of countries, regions, and enterprises. One of the aspects that affects the indicators and prospects of sustainable development is the efficiency of energy source use. Nationwide reductions in the greenhouse gas emissions of motor vehicles could have a direct effect on ambient temperature and reducing the effects of global warming, which can affect future environmental, societal, and economic development. Significant reductions in fuel consumption can be achieved by increasing the efficiency of use, and the performance, of current cargo vehicles. This aspect is directly related to cargo delivery systems and supply chain efficiency and effectiveness. The article solves the problem of increasing the effectiveness of cargo delivery and proposes a model that would minimize transportation costs that are directly related to fuel consumption, shortening transportation time. The model addresses the problem of a lack of models evaluating the efficiency of cargo to Lithuania that is using several different modes of transportation. For the solution to this problem, the article examines the complexity of the rational use of land and water vehicles depending on the type of cargo transported, the technical capabilities of the vehicles (loading, speed, environmental pollution, fuel consumption, etc.), and the type (cars, railways, ships). The novelty of the findings is based on the availability to select the most appropriate vehicles, on a case-by-case basis, from the available options, depending on their environmental performance and energy efficiency. This model, later in this article, is used for calculations of Lithuanian companies for selecting the most rational vehicle by identifying the most appropriate route, as well as assessing the dynamics of the economic and physical indicators. The model allows for creating dependencies between the main indicators characterizing the transport process—the cost, the time of transport, and the safety, taking into account the dynamics of economic and physical indicators, that lead to a very important issue—reducing the amount of energy required to provide products and services.
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Fedoskin, Vladimir, Galina Bakulina, and Maria Pikushina. "Managing the operation of trucks: methodological aspects of evaluating the efficiency and justifying reserves to increase cargo turnover." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022206011.
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The article outlines certain methodological aspects of substantiating ways to increase the efficiency of using freight transport. One of the priority areas in training highly qualified specialists in the economic field is teaching them the most rational and objective methods of analysis, the results of which are necessary for the development and substantiation of real and objective management decisions, the implementation of which in production and financial activities of enterprises will help to increase the economic efficiency of using material resources, including trucks. The system of performance indicators for the work of freight transport includes summarizing and particular indicators. The research results show that the efficiency of trucks has significantly decreased: the truck availability rate by 5.6%, the loaded mileage proportion by 24.0%, the load factor by 26.8%. The decrease in the efficiency of using trucks indicates the need to develop and substantiate optimal management decisions in order to improve the use of trucks. In order to increase the validity of management decisions, it is proposed to use a new coefficient characterizing the level of use of the operating factor of technically ready trucks. This makes it possible to improve the accuracy of calculating reserves and planning the work of freight transport.
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Jacobsson, Måns. "THE BRAER: LEGAL ASPECTS OF A MAJOR OIL SPILL." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-721.
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ABSTRACT The International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund), an intergovernmental organization with 58 member states, has recently been involved in a major oil spill of great interest both legally and technically, namely, the Braer incident, which occurred in January 1993 in the United Kingdom. The Braer was laden with approximately 84,000 metric tons (t) of crude oil when it grounded off the Shetland Islands. The ship broke up and the entire cargo escaped into the sea. The United Kingdom Government and Shetland Islands Council incurred expenses for cleanup operations, but these costs were fairly limited, estimated at not greater than US$6 million. The incident resulted in a very large number of claims from small businesses and individuals who suffered economic losses. A local claims office was set up on Shetland to handle these claims. So far, over 1,000 claims have been settled and paid for, representing a total of almost US$45 million. These claims cover losses suffered by fishermen, salmon farmers, crofters, and owners of houses that became polluted by wind-blown oil spray. Many of these claims have given rise to difficult legal problems regarding the admissibility of claims for compensation, in particular those concerning so-called pure economic losses. This paper addresses the practical problems that have arisen in handling the claims and analyzes some of the legal problems encountered.
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Geldermann, Jutta, Valentin Bertsch, and Florian Gering. "Risiko- und Notfallmanagement unter Unsicherheit - Teil 1." Der Betriebswirt: Volume 52, Issue 1 52, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/dbw.52.1.28.
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Komplexe Entscheidungssituationen, wie sie beispielsweise im Notfall- und Sanierungsmanagement nach einem kerntechnischen Störfall auftreten, erfordern eine Berücksichtigung technischer, ökonomischer, ökologischer, sozio-psychologischer und politischer Aspekte. Ansätze der Mehrzielentscheidungsunterstützung ermöglichen eine aggregierte Betrachtung verschiedener Aspekte, das Miteinbeziehen der subjektiven Präferenzen der Entscheidungsträger und tragen zu mehr Transparenz und Nachvollziehbarkeit von Entscheidungsprozessen bei. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich schwerpunktmäßig mit der Betrachtung von Unsicherheiten in solchen Entscheidungsprozessen. Zur Modellierung, Fortpflanzung und Visualisierung von Unsicherheiten wird ein Monte-Carlo-Ansatz vorgestellt und beispielhaft auf Daten eines fiktiven nuklearen Unfallszenarios angewendet. Generell ist der Ansatz jedoch auf allgemeine komplexe Entscheidungssituationen erweiterbar, insbesondere auf den Bereich sonstiger industrieller Notfälle. Eine interessante Fragestellung besteht weiterhin in der Untersuchung der Auswirkungen industrieller Notfälle auf die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette. Complex decision situations, such as in nuclear emergency and remediation management, require the consideration of technical, economic, ecological, socio-psychological and political aspects. Approaches for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) help to take into account various incommensurable aspects and subjective preferences of the decision makers and thus contribute to transparency and traceability of decision processes. This paper focuses on the handling of uncertainties in such decision processes. Monte Carlo approaches can be used to model, propagate and finally visualise the uncertainties, as a case study on a hypothetical radiological accident scenario illustrates. In general, the presented approach can be adopted for any complex decision situation, especially for industrial emergencies. Further research would be necessary for the analysis of their consequences for entire supply chains. Keywords: risiko und notfallmanagement unter unsicherheit
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Figueirêdo, Camila Bezerra Melo, Joelma Rodrigues de Souza, Daniel Handerson Galindo Soares, Caio Cesar de Andrade Rodrigues Silva, and Virginia Maria Barros de Lorena. "Clinical and economic aspects of the use of rituximab in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 50, no. 3 (September 2014): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502014000300002.
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Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) consists of a group of neoplasias involving mainly B cells and represents 90% of all lymphomas. The current available therapy is based on chemotherapy associated with the monoclonal antibody rituximab (Mab Thera(r)), which targets the CD20 protein, present in over 80% of NHL mature B cells. Recent clinical reports show a preference for combining the benefits of immunotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, thus generating safe and effective alternative treatments. The current review aimed at evaluating various aspects related to the use of rituximab for NHL, highlighting the possible inhibitory mechanisms of cell proliferation, the achieved clinical results, and the expected clinical and economic outcomes of treatments. The results from clinical tests indicate the need for a better understanding of the critical mechanisms of action of this antibody, which may maximize its therapeutic efficacy. This therapy not only represents a viable option to treat most types of NHLs, especially when associated with conventional chemotherapy, but also offers cost-utility and cost-effectiveness advantages.
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Bosona, Techane. "Urban Freight Last Mile Logistics—Challenges and Opportunities to Improve Sustainability: A Literature Review." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 8769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218769.
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Last mile logistics (LML) is the least efficient and complex part of supply chain. The main objective of this study was to identify major challenges of urban freight LML and opportunities for intervention. For this, 42 peer-reviewed full papers published after 2010 and three additional references were used. The findings indicated that urban freight flow has a trend of steady growth. The main driving forces behind this steady growth are population growth, urbanization, densification, globalization, online and omni-channel (OC) retailing, and urban economic development. Using typology analysis, three main potential freight LML configurations were mapped and discussed. Freight LML configurations that involve light cargo vehicles and cargo bike-based delivery schemes could be more attractive freight LML models if the delivery failure is minimized. The LML challenges were categorized as technological, infrastructural, LML system and management, and logistic cost related challenges, and discussed broadly. Similarly, the potential opportunities were discussed from environmental, economic, and social sustainability aspects. Finally, this report has pinpointed future potential research agendas related to LML. The study could be a knowledge base useful for academicians and practitioners, logistics and technical service providers, policy makers, and customers.
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Mukerji, Sujoy. "FOUNDATIONS OF AMBIGUITY AND ECONOMIC MODELLING." Economics and Philosophy 25, no. 3 (November 2009): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267109990253.
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Are foundations of models of ambiguity-sensitive preferences too flawed to be usefully applied to economic models? Al-Najjar and Weinstein (2009) say such is indeed the case. In this paper, first, we point out that many of the key arguments by Al-Najjar and Weinstein do not apply to quite a few of the ambiguity preference models of more recent vintage, and therefore to that extent do not undermine the foundational aspects or applicability of ambiguity models in general. Second, we argue the focus in that paper on Ellsberg examples is an overly narrow concern; the Ellsberg examples have their uses but they are not the best context to understand why reasonable real-world agents may find acting in an ambiguity-sensitive manner normatively or prescriptively appealing. Finally, normative considerations aside, we submit that Al-Najjar and Weinstein are unduly dismissive of the power of such preferences to provide illuminating positive analyses of economic phenomena.
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Geldermann, Jutta, Valentin Bertsch, and Florian Gering. "Risiko- und Notfallmanagement unter Unsicherheit (Teil 2)." Der Betriebswirt: Volume 52, Issue 2 52, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/dbw.52.2.12.
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Komplexe Entscheidungssituationen, wie sie beispielsweise im Notfall- und Sanierungsmanagement nach einem kerntechnischen Störfall auftreten, erfordern eine Berücksichtigung technischer, ökonomischer, ökologischer, sozio-psychologischer und politischer Aspekte. Ansätze der Mehrzielentscheidungsunterstützung ermöglichen eine aggregierte Betrachtung verschiedener Aspekte, das Miteinbeziehen der subjektiven Präferenzen der Entscheidungsträger und tragen zu mehr Transparenz und Nachvollziehbarkeit von Entscheidungsprozessen bei. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich schwerpunktmäßig mit der Betrachtung von Unsicherheiten in solchen Entscheidungsprozessen. Zur Modellierung, Fortpflanzung und Visualisierung von Unsicherheiten wird ein Monte-Carlo-Ansatz vorgestellt und beispielhaft auf Daten eines fiktiven nuklearen Unfallszenarios angewendet. Generell ist der Ansatz jedoch auf allgemeine komplexe Entscheidungssituationen erweiterbar, insbesondere auf den Bereich sonstiger industrieller Notfälle. Eine interessante Fragestellung besteht weiterhin in der Untersuchung der Auswirkungen industrieller Notfälle auf die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette. Der erste Teil des Aufsatzes wurde bereits in Der Betriebswirt 1/2011 veröffentlicht, der letzte Teil folgt in Ausgabe 3/2011. Complex decision situations, such as in nuclear emergency and remediation management, require the consideration of technical, economic, ecological, socio-psychological and political aspects. Approaches for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) help to take into account various incommensurable aspects and subjective preferences of the decision makers and thus contribute to transparency and traceability of decision processes. This paper focuses on the handling of uncertainties in such decision processes. Monte Carlo approaches can be used to model, propagate and finally visualise the uncertainties, as a case study on a hypothetical radiological accident scenario illustrates. In general, the presented approach can be adopted for any complex decision situation, especially for industrial emergencies. Further research would be necessary for the analysis of their consequences for entire supply chains. Keywords: risiko und notfallmanagement unter unsicherheit
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Geldermann, Jutta, Valentin Bertsch, and Florian Gering. "Risiko- und Notfallmanagement unter Unsicherheit (Teil 3)." Der Betriebswirt: Volume 52, Issue 3 52, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/dbw.52.3.10.
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Komplexe Entscheidungssituationen, wie sie beispielsweise im Notfall- und Sanierungsmanagement nach einem kerntechnischen Störfall auftreten, erfordern eine Berücksichtigung technischer, ökonomischer, ökologischer, sozio-psychologischer und politischer Aspekte. Ansätze der Mehrzielentscheidungsunterstützung ermöglichen eine aggregierte Betrachtung verschiedener Aspekte, das Miteinbeziehen der subjektiven Präferenzen der Entscheidungsträger und tragen zu mehr Transparenz und Nachvollziehbarkeit von Entscheidungsprozessen bei. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich schwerpunktmäßig mit der Betrachtung von Unsicherheiten in solchen Entscheidungsprozessen. Zur Modellierung, Fortpflanzung und Visualisierung von Unsicherheiten wird ein Monte-Carlo-Ansatz vorgestellt und beispielhaft auf Daten eines fiktiven nuklearen Unfallszenarios angewendet. Generell ist der Ansatz jedoch auf allgemeine komplexe Entscheidungssituationen erweiterbar, insbesondere auf den Bereich sonstiger industrieller Notfälle. Eine interessante Fragestellung besteht weiterhin in der Untersuchung der Auswirkungen industrieller Notfälle auf die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette. Die ersten Teile des Aufsatzes wurden bereits in Der Betriebswirt 1/2011 und 2/2011 veröffentlicht. Complex decision situations, such as in nuclear emergency and remediation management, require the consideration of technical, economic, ecological, socio-psychological and political aspects. Approaches for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) help to take into account various incommensurable aspects and subjective preferences of the decision makers and thus contribute to transparency and traceability of decision processes. This paper focuses on the handling of uncertainties in such decision processes. Monte Carlo approaches can be used to model, propagate and finally visualise the uncertainties, as a case study on a hypothetical radiological accident scenario illustrates. In general, the presented approach can be adopted for any complex decision situation, especially for industrial emergencies. Further research would be necessary for the analysis of their consequences for entire supply chains. Keywords: risiko und notfallmanagement unter unsicherheit
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Panova, Yulia, Eugene Korovyakovsky, Anton Semerkin, Ville Henttu, Weidong Li, and Olli-Pekka Hilmola. "Russian railways on the Eurasian market: issue of sustainability." European Business Review 29, no. 6 (October 9, 2017): 664–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-01-2016-0008.
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Purpose This research examines factors that determine the improvement of the Russian supply chain sustainability. The strategic business model incorporates ecological, social and economic aspects. Design/methodology/approach Considering Trans-Siberian Railway as a typical case, the study selected several cases or the parts of the primary rail connection with the affiliation of important neighbouring countries. The study uses quantitative analyses of a variety of size parameters (e.g. volumes of traffic, logistics costs, delivery distance and air pollutants). Findings The empirical findings stress that supply chains should favour in the future railway (or intermodal) connections for piggyback and containerised cargo. Herein lays the reason for the examination of all traditional factors affecting the modal choice and their complementation by the parameters to measure sustainability throughout the supply chains. The inclusion of the green practices positively affected the environmental, social and economic performance of the new approach. Research limitations/implications This research focuses on the delivery of cargo in containers and semi-trailers within wagons through the overland corridors. Despite the restrictive empirical findings within the national transport system, some elements can be representative of the international supply chains, provided that intermodal services are the most appropriate for the transportation over long distances. Practical implications Clients, media and regulatory bodies stress the consideration of environmental aspects at all stages of a global supply chain. Therefore, their adoption into strategic imperatives of local supply chains becomes inevitable. Originality/value An assessment of supply chains for longer distance transportation in Russia has not taken sustainability into account within cost analyses.
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Bogomilova, Ekaterina. "LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF EDUCATIONAL CENSUS WHEN VOTING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA." Volume 8, Issue 2 v8, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ep.swu.v8i2.6.
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In recent years in the Republic of Bulgaria the question on educational qualification for voting has more and more been raised. The topic is quite relevant, especially when the results of the 2019 elections for representatives of the European Parliament and those for local governments report: 1) high number of invalid ballots when choosing a preference without specifying a party, 2) the refusal of voters to vote using machines, 3) the so called "election tourism” from Turkey, and 4) the vote buying. These problems raise the relevance of the role of literacy and education of voters when exercising their constitutional rights.
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Gainochenko, T. M. "Scientific and practical aspects of airport activities management mechanism formation within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union." Upravlenie 8, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2020-8-4-15-23.
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The article analyses the current practice of economic regulation of airport activities of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The author concludes, that the demand management tools available to the air transport market entities of the EAEU member states are limited. In order to eliminate this limitation, the paper proposes the idea of an integrated information management platform for marketing management in public-private partnership with a shift in focus towards the demand for transport services. The study formulates the main tasks, that such a platform should solve, as follows: 1) managing the flight schedule of airlines and the work of railway and bus operators at the airports of the EAEU member states; 2) the management of a database on the demand for air transport services from tourist operators, as well as enterprises involved in the organization and holding of exhibitions, conferences, cultural events; 3) the management of an integrated system for offering air transport services for cargo and mail delivery. The paper gives recommendations for the formation of a single transport space of the EAEU member states through a digital decision-making system for assessing the economic potential of airports. In the course of the study, the author clarifies the concepts of "natural monopoly" and "competitive market".
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Kondur, Oksana, Yuriy Kopchak, and Liliya Kopchak. "Role of the Tourism Sector in Sustainable Development of the Carpathian Region: Social, Educational and Economic Aspects." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, no. 2-3 (December 22, 2014): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.119-122.
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Natural resources in the Carpathian region, favorable natural and geographicalconditions give preference to the development of recreational industry over other types ofindustrial activity that provides: employment of people in recreational region, development ofUkraine and the recognition of its economy internationally, positive impact on the formation ofindividual. This necessitates a systematic study of a wide range of organizational problems,recreational planning and creation of new management models for tourist activities.Modern development of the tourism industry is associated with such socio-economic factors: thegrowth of social welfare and the effective demand for tourist services; increasing demand forvacation and recreation; urbanization and globalization; communicational and humanitarianfactors; transformation of traditions, cultures and social consciousness; changes in the structure ofspiritual values; increased leisure time etc .
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Litvinenko, Michail, and Ramūnas Palšaitis. "THE EVALUATION OF TRANSIT TRANSPORT PROBABLE EFFECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COUNTRY'S ECONOMY." TRANSPORT 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638055.
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The article describes the peculiarities of transit transport influence on the development of country's economy. The authors analyze transit transport definition and define the economic importance of transit transport. The first part of the article is assigned to the consideration of transit cargo transportation as an integral object of scientific research. The survey is supported with the comparative analysis of different scientists’ approaches to the transit transportation performance modelling. The evaluation of transit transport benefit for the economy of the country is presented. The concise summary of a principal thesis and conclusions may be useful for further analyses of different aspects or transit transport.
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ZINEVICH, A. "FORMATION OF METHODOLOICAL SUPLY FOR TRANSIT CAPACITY RESEARCH IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS." Экономическая наука сегодня, no. 7 (June 25, 2018): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-6667-2018-7-285-294.
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The article presents the results of a study devoted to the formation of methodological tools for assessing various aspects of the transit capacity of the Republic of Belarus. In particular, the following author's developments are presented: 1) methodology for carrying out retrospective analysis of the transit capacity of the country, implemented using the example of road transport; 2) a set of principles for achieving high transit attractiveness of the national transport-logistical system of the state and criteria for assessing the degree of their implementation; 3) methodical recommendations on the development of two economic and mathematical models aimed at forecasting the volume of road cargo transit in the republic.
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V K Singhal, Shalini Ray, Priyanka Sachdeva, and Vishesh Yadav. "A Study on Gender Preferences and its Sociocultural aspects among Married Women (18-45years) in Rural Gurugram." International Healthcare Research Journal 3, no. 5 (August 24, 2019): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26440/ihrj/0305.08270.
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INTRODUCTION: Declining sex ratio is a major concern worldwide, especially in a developing country like India. The role of sociocultural factors in gender preference is known since ages. The skewed sex ratio in India is attributed to selective female feticides and misuse of technological advancements. This also has a strong influence on contraceptive acceptance among couples.
OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to explore the contraceptive use, gender preferences and its determinants among married women in rural Gurgaon.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among married women (18-45years) residing in the rural field practice area of SGT medical college and hospital, Gurugram. The sample size was found to be 400. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. Pre- tested, pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among 400 married women, current contraceptive usage among study population was found to be 58.25%. The most common method of contraception used by the study subjects was intrauterine contraceptive device. The preference for male child was found among 49.5% women. The reasons cited for such preference were propagation of family name (48.2%), financial dependability in the old age (34%), social responsibilities are carried out by males (25.3%) and males are lesser economic liability (31%). Lower age group of mother, nulliparity, Hindu religion, lower educational status and lower socioeconomic status were found to be the determinants of male child preference in the present study.
CONCLUSION: There is need of awareness and education amongst women and both the genders deserve equal respect without any preferences.
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Dai, Quan, Hongfei Jia, and Yao Liu. "Private vehicle-based crowdshipping for intercity express transportation: Feasibility assessment." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 2 (February 2020): 155014772090820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720908203.
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To support urban sustainable development, cities need innovative green logistics solutions to meet the needs of economic development. Crowdshipping is regarded as a promising sustainable freight solution. This article aims to assess the feasibility of implementing intercity express crowdshipping using private vehicle traveling. The crowdshipping carrier, who drives his or her private vehicle and travels on the intercity route, carries out the express delivery task between the regional cargo center and the dispatch center along the route. The feasibility assessment covers three parts. First, face-to-face interview and stated preference survey are used to investigate the willingness and preferences of express companies and car owners to participate in crowdshipping activities, respectively. Then, it calculates the environmental benefit and economic benefit brought by the crowdshipping mode in comparison with the traditional mode. The results show that the express companies are willing to pay 30 yuan for each car participating in the crowdshipping activities, and there are considerable numbers of car owners to support this crowdshipping activity, and this crowdshipping activity could bring positive impacts on environment as well as corporate economics. It is hoped that the research could enrich the knowledge of the development of green logistics.
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Idris, Elfiwardah, Sugiarto Sugiarto, and Sofyan M. Saleh. "ANALISA KARAKTERISTIK SOSIAL-EKONOMI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS JEMBATAN PENYEBERANGAN DI KOTA BANDA ACEH." Jurnal Arsip Rekayasa Sipil dan Perencanaan 2, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jarsp.v2i1.13202.
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Pedestrian bridges are provided by the government to make it easier for pedestrians to cross over crowded roads. The phenomenon that occurs under the mind is used for motor crossings. Prepare the purpose of this study to determine the types of socio-economic communities for crossings in Banda Aceh City. The data retrieval method used was Stated Preference (SP) with 180 respondents taken randomly stratified (random sampling) with target of user and society respondents around pedestrian bridge. Processing and data analysis using descriptive statistics. The results of descriptive analysis of socio-economic characteristics of the public’s on the effectiveness of pedestrian bridges, the most dominant cause is the majority of male gender, aged 20-29 years old, primary, junior and senior high school, civil servant, private employee, self-employed, student, monthly income below 2 million rupiah, travel purpose for work / office, sales, cargo / freight, trader, school / college / study. Judging from the government policy in the application of pedestrian bridges, the result is that most people agree with the implementation of the pedestrian bridge in Banda Aceh City, and most respondents have also used pedestrian bridges to cross the road to the destination.
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Prorokov, Andrey, Tatiana Fonina, and Lyubava Shishova. "Road transport infrastructure as a factor of socio-economic territorial development and some aspects of its formation." E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 06009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128406009.
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The size of the territory of the Russian Federation presupposes the existence and systematic implementation of a long-term program for the country’s spatial development, the main element of which is the transport infrastructure. The reorganization of the authorities performing the functions of managing the activities in the field of road transport and road facilities, and the development of strategies for the development of this sector was completed only in the first decade of the 21st century. The total length of transport routes is 1.7 million km, more than 90% of which are roads, which determines the importance of road transport and the development of road transport infrastructure. Automobile transport provides not only economic tasks (transports 68% of cargo), but also solves social issues: it increases the mobility of the population, ensures an increase in well-being (due to the creation of jobs), determines the level of quality of life, ensures territorial accessibility to recreational and healthcare facilities, culture, etc. Nowadays, the domestic fleet of passenger cars is almost 50 million units and continues to grow, but the age structure of the vehicle fleet is deteriorating. The main problems necessary for the implementation of the tasks and ensuring road safety are: expansion and modernization of the road network; provision of transport infrastructure with road facilities, in particular, with service stations in sufficient quantity; improving the quality of service for vehicles and a number of others.
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Fraselle, Justin, Sabine Louise Limbourg, and Laura Vidal. "Cost and Environmental Impacts of a Mixed Fleet of Vehicles." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 9413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169413.
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Urban parcel delivery is increasingly restricted by regulations limiting access to certain heavy or high emitting vehicles to reduce emissions and noise pollution in cities. Cargo bikes represent an alternative solution that enables deliveries with low environmental impact, but they may represent a higher economic cost and come with constraints like battery autonomy or small loading capacity. As a transport scheme relying on bikes for the last miles with fewer externalities, it is regarded as an environmentally friendly choice, and economic sustainability is assessed. This paper aims to present the environmental and economic aspects of different delivery means of transport in European urban areas. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is selected to analyse the environmental impact of several vehicles, allowing us to quantify the emissions according to the loading factor. The electricity mix is an important parameter and makes the results vary according to the country studied. For the economic aspect, the cost price allows us to quantify the operational cost of each means of transport. A trade-off can thus be made between the two.
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Majsztrik, John C., Bridget Behe, Charles R. Hall, Dewayne L. Ingram, Alexa J. Lamm, Laura A. Warner, and Sarah A. White. "Social and Economic Aspects of Water Use in Specialty Crop Production in the USA: A Review." Water 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112337.
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Understanding human behavior is a complicated and complex endeavor. Academicians and practitioners need to understand the underlying beliefs and motivations to identify current trends and to effectively develop means of communication and education that encourage change in attitudes and behavior. Sociological research can provide information about how and why people make decisions; this information impacts the research and extension community, helping them formulate programs and present information in a way that increases adoption rates. Life cycle assessment can document how plant production impacts the environment. Production of ornamental plants (greenhouse, container, and field produced flowers trees and shrubs) accounted for 4.4% of the total annual on-farm income and 8.8% of the crop income produced in the United States in 2017, representing a substantial portion of farmgate receipts. Greenhouse and nursery growing operations can use this information to increase production and water application efficiency and decrease input costs. Information related to the environmental impacts of plant production, derived from life cycle assessment, can also inform consumer purchase decisions. Information from water footprint analysis quantifies the relative abundance and availability of water on a regional basis, helping growers understand water dynamics in their operation and informing consumer plant purchases based on water availability and conservation preference. Economics can motivate growers to adopt new practices based on whether they are saving or making money, and consumers modify product selection based on preference for how products are produced. Specialty crop producers, including nursery and greenhouse container operations, rely heavily on high quality water from surface and groundwater resources for crop production; but irrigation return flow from these operations can contribute to impairment of water resources. This review focuses on multiple facets of the socioeconomics of water use, reuse, and irrigation return flow management in nursery and greenhouse operations, focusing on grower and consumer perceptions of water; barriers to adoption of technology and innovations by growers; economic considerations for implementing new technologies; and understanding environmental constraints through life cycle assessment and water footprint analyses. Specialty crop producers can either voluntarily adapt practices gradually to benefit both economic and environmental sustainability or they may eventually be forced to change due to external factors (e.g., regulations). Producers need to have the most current information available to inform their decisions regarding water management.
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Łukasiewicz, Krzysztof. "O pewnej krytyce kulturalizmu." Prace Kulturoznawcze 20 (March 27, 2017): 63–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-6668.20.7.
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About a Certain Critique of CulturalismThis article presents the ideas coined by Wolfgang Maderthaner and Lutz Musner who diagnosed a‘‘crisis in cultural studies”. According to those authors, representing historical cultural studies, it is proved by meaningful absence of social aspects of culture. It was caused by the dominance of culturalism giving preference to the world of meaning, text, and picture. Therefore Maderthaner and Musner are sceptical about cultural turn and other turns. The Austrian academic duo, inspired by Pierre’a Bourdieu, demand social, economic and political aspects to undergo more detailed scrutiny while analyzing the realm of culture. Otherwise the cultural scientists risk becoming the prisoners of an “Ivory Tower” or being subordinated to the dominant economic power. It would be equal with “selfanihilation of reason”, however, they are meant to use it in the best and most useful way.
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Ansari, Fajri, Yoonjeong Jeong, Indra Putri, and Seong-il Kim. "Sociopsychological Aspects of Butterfly Souvenir Purchasing Behavior at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Indonesia." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 25, 2019): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061789.
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Utilizing butterflies in souvenirs escalates their exploitation, which occurs even with protected species. Visitors affect both tourism sustainability and butterfly populations. Thus, parks must establish visitor management practices to secure tourism, including butterfly-trading activities to provide social and economic benefits, while still maintaining butterfly populations and environmental sustainability. This research examined the relationships between visitors’ motivations, environmental attitudes (deontological status, legal compliance, and political activism), and preference regarding butterfly souvenirs. Data were collected using an on-site survey of 455 respondents at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Indonesia and analyzed using factor analysis, correlation, and logistic regression. Results showed that visitors’ motivations were divided into four categories: challenge and freedom, nature appreciation, social relationships, and escape from routine. Visitors showed high deontological status, legal compliance, and political activist attitudes, valued the attributes of butterfly souvenirs highly, and strongly preferred souvenirs with authenticity value. Significant correlations existed among motivation, attitude, and preference for butterfly souvenir attributes. Logistic regression results revealed that with more frequent visits, better souvenir quality, and higher education levels, the possibility of visitors purchasing butterfly souvenirs increased. Prior knowledge regarding regulations prohibiting protected butterfly trading diminished this possibility. This study further discusses how visitors’ sociopsychological information can be used to minimize negative impacts caused by overtourism.
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Hung Anh, Nguyen, and Wolfgang Bokelmann. "Determinants of Smallholders’ Market Preferences: The Case of Sustainable Certified Coffee Farmers in Vietnam." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 2897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102897.
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This study attempts to analyze the market preference of coffee farmers in Vietnam. Using the transaction cost approach, a seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model was developed based on the sales volume in different markets, transaction cost attributes, socioeconomic factors, and behavioral aspects of sustainable certified coffee farmers. Factors that significantly influence farmers’ market preference include several transaction cost attributes (price uncertainty, market competition, transportation cost, speed of payment, and sale volume agreement) and characteristics of coffee farmers (age, ethnic, farming experience, location, and certificate ownership). Repeated economic transaction embedded in the social relationship indicates the largest sales volume of coffee farmers to the market of buying agents and the existence of local traders. There is a belief that formal institution brings better market access for coffee farmers, but main issues are regarding opportunistic behavior, imperfect market knowledge, traditional farming habits, and contract noncompliance, which have resulted in a lower preference for the market of processors/exporters.
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Kendran, Diah Ayu, Hanson Endra Kusuma, and Annisa Safira Riska. "Korespondensi Preferensi dan Karakteristik Tipe Wisatawan Grup pada Kawasan Agrowisata." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v13i1.33072.
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Facility planning will be successful if every process always consider the user and activities aspects. This aspects also applies to the agrotourism area, where tourist preference and segmentation can be used to understand visitor desires. This research aims to identify preferences and characteristics of the tourist segmentation in the visited agrotourism areas. This research used a grounded theory approach with qualitative exploratory methods. Data was collected online in an open–ended and close–ended questionnaire which was analyzed in 3 steps; open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Based on the analysis results, tourists’ preference for visiting agrotourism area were to enjoy natural environment and do various recreational activities. The study also found the tourist characteristics was dominated by visitors who come in groups with close relationship of family and friends. The characteristics of these tourists can be used as a basis of harmonisation for determining the criteria of facilities in agrotourism where the implemented design can give attention to the sustainability (lifecycle) of tourist attraction from natural and economic aspect.
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Zamberi Ahmad, Syed, and Norita Ahmad. "Etihad Rail: a new way to change a business landmark in the United Arab Emirates." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 6, no. 3 (November 23, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-01-2015-0008.
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Subject area The subject areas are strategic management, transportation management and business management. Study level/applicability This case is useful for undergraduate and postgraduate level students majoring in strategic management, transportation management and business management. Case overview Etihad Rail Company is planning to implement a mega infrastructure project in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). They have included freight rail system as part of the 2030 Abu Dhabi economic vision and the UAE national Charter 2021. The plan is to link the UAE’s main cities via the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) border. This ambitious project presents a formidable task for the Etihad Rail Company and the region, as there is no previous railway history of this kind. The project requires coordination of rail standards from East of Ghwefatet and the Northern Emirates cities and will ultimately be combined with the Western Saudi Arabia borders. The transportation system in the region will be improved greatly with the introduction of a cargo and passenger railway system in addition to the current road system and other means of transportation. The Etihad railway network is the first infrastructure project in the UAE, and it will bring economic, strategic, social and environmental changes to the country. This case aims to present an overview of the strategic management dimensions of the Etihad Rail and the processes involved. This case will analyze whether Etihad’s top management team should make a decision to focus only on freight rail or to include passenger transportation as well. Many questions will be addressed in this paper such as the following: What steps should Etihad take to start passenger rail? Will economical, strategic and environmental aspects affect it? And if so, how? The case will focus on the analysis of the different aspects of Etihad Rail by using strategic management tools as guidance for implementation and determining its success factors. Expected learning outcomes In this case, the students can learn and understand the purpose of commencing cargo rail projects in the region; discuss the mechanisms which help in promoting sustainability and the business growth of Etihad Rail; and identify the challenges and issues freight rail may face in terms of legal, economic and environmental aspects and identify and alternative solutions. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available upon request. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Stegmueller, Daniel. "Modeling Dynamic Preferences: A Bayesian Robust Dynamic Latent Ordered Probit Model." Political Analysis 21, no. 3 (2013): 314–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpt001.
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Much politico-economic research on individuals' preferences is cross-sectional and does not model dynamic aspects of preference or attitude formation. I present a Bayesian dynamic panel model, which facilitates the analysis of repeated preferences using individual-level panel data. My model deals with three problems. First, I explicitly include feedback from previous preferences taking into account that available survey measures of preferences are categorical. Second, I model individuals' initial conditions when entering the panel as resulting from observed and unobserved individual attributes. Third, I capture unobserved individual preference heterogeneity both via standard parametric random effects and a robust alternative based on Bayesian nonparametric density estimation. I use this model to analyze the impact of income and wealth on preferences for government intervention using the British Household Panel Study from 1991 to 2007.
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Marchenko, Svetlana. "MAIN ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARKET OF AVIATION SERVICES OF UKRAINE." Наукові праці Міжрегіональної Академії управління персоналом. Економічні науки, no. 1(60) (April 30, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32689/2523-4536/60-5.
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The main aspects of the market of aviation services of Ukraine considered in the article. An assessment of the characteristics of the service. The factors influencing the components of the cost of services substantiated. The interdependence of value and value of services taking into account risks revealed. The purpose of the study is to assess the characteristics of air services and identify the interdependence of value and value of air services, taking into account the risks that will ensure future growth in traffic, which will positively affect the quality of service, financial stability of enterprises, and at the same time. The study of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem showed that given the significant changes in the market of transport airlines, determining the components of the cost of the service requires further study and research. The research in the article carried out in the following logical sequence: the interdependence of the value and cost of air services revealed, taking into account the risks of civil aviation enterprisesю. The substantiation of the economic model of the cost of the service provided by the enterprises of the aviation industry carried out, taking into account the specifics of the activity and the influence of factors. The methodological tools of the study were: the method of questionnaires, the method of expert assessments, systematic analysis and statistical analysis to identify trends and patterns, the study period selected years from 2017 to 2019. The object of study selected aviation services of Ukraine, as the effectiveness of aviation services a decisive factor in ensuring the competitiveness of airlines. The article evaluates the characteristics of services of civil aviation enterprises by harmonizing the value and cost of the service taking into account the risks, which revealed the presence of the following interdependent values and the cost of the service, in particular, components of the cost of service provided by civil aviation enterprises. Cargo characteristics cost of loading and unloading works, fixed costs, variable costs, insurance, tax-on-cargo and profit. The results of the study can be useful for the management structures of airlines involved in the restoration and development of national aviation.
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SAZONETS, O. "CONSTRUCTION OF TRANSPORT COMPANY’S INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE." Transport systems and transportation technologies, no. 21 (August 15, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/tstt2021/237646.
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The purpose of the article is to study the information aspects of the activities of a motor transport enterprise, to build a communication network within the enterprise, which seeks to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. Methodology. The study was carried out using graph theory - one of the major branches of discrete mathematics, which is widely used in solving economic and management problems. Using these methods, the minimum path in the information network is found. Results. The quality and timeliness of information coming in the forward and backward directions determines the quality of management of individual objects of the road transport system, as well as the possibility of its coordinated functioning in order to fully satisfy the needs of society for the transportation of goods and passengers. The article examines the introduction of information technologies in transport, which are used at all stages of receiving, storing, processing and transmitting information, should fully ensure the timeliness and high quality of information support when making managerial decisions at all levels of the transport system. The general principles of the construction and functioning of motor transport systems are analyzed through the prism of the information procedures implemented in them and the emerging information flows. It has been established that most of the total volume of information processed in a company can be information necessary for the management and control of logistics operations. Since the road transport system is geographically distributed, a modern specialist must master the methods of spatial analysis based on geoinformation technologies. The development of the information and communication infrastructure of a new transport company, which plans to carry out the transportation of goods by road, has been investigated. The company will provide services such as cargo transportation, freight forwarding services, cargo tracking, cargo insurance, settlement of cargo deliveries, cargo unloading and loading. For the optimal placement of the company's network, graph theory is used. An optimal communication network has been built, connecting various departments of the company, namely, the transportation department, the office, the accounting department, the economic planning department, the legal department, the mechanical department, the communications department, and the personnel department. The scientific novelty of the article is the use of the method for constructing an optimal communication network at a trucking company. The practical significance of the work is that this method can be used at any transport company that begins its activity to build communication links between any departments of the company. In this case, these connections will be optimal.
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Lubin, B., A. I. Juda, R. Cavallo, S. Lahaie, J. Shneidman, and D. C. Parkes. "ICE: An Expressive Iterative Combinatorial Exchange." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 33 (September 22, 2008): 33–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2440.
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We present the design and analysis of the first fully expressive, iterative combinatorial exchange (ICE). The exchange incorporates a tree-based bidding language (TBBL) that is concise and expressive for CEs. Bidders specify lower and upper bounds in TBBL on their value for different trades and refine these bounds across rounds. These bounds allow price discovery and useful preference elicitation in early rounds, and allow termination with an efficient trade despite partial information on bidder valuations. All computation in the exchange is carefully optimized to exploit the structure of the bid-trees and to avoid enumerating trades. A proxied interpretation of a revealed-preference activity rule, coupled with simple linear prices, ensures progress across rounds. The exchange is fully implemented, and we give results demonstrating several aspects of its scalability and economic properties with simulated bidding strategies.
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Khan, Abdul Salam, Catalin Iulian Pruncu, Razaullah Khan, Khawar Naeem, Abdul Ghaffar, Pakeeza Ashraf, and Shah Room. "A Trade-off Analysis of Economic and Environmental Aspects of a Disruption Based Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 29, 2020): 7056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177056.
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Closed-loop supply chain networks are gaining research popularity due to environmental, economic and social concerns. Such networks are primarily designed to overcome carbon footprints and to retrieve end of life products from customers. This study considers a multi echelon closed-loop supply chain in the presence of machine disruption. A multi-objective model is presented to optimize the total cost, the total time and emissions in a closed-loop supply chain network. The aim is to analyze the trade-off between the objectives of cost, time, and emissions and how these decisions are impacted by the selection of different available machines. A number of solution approaches are tested on a case study from the tire industry. The results suggest the improved performance of the hybrid heuristic and the importance of controlling disruption in a closed-loop supply chain network. Furthermore, there is a trade-off between the different objective functions which can help the decision maker to choose a particular solution according to the preference of an organization. Finally, conclusion and future research avenues are provided.
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MANASBAY, Aigul, Berik BEISENGALIYEV, Assiya TUREKULOVA, Nurzhamal KURMANKULOVA, and Dametken TUREKULOVA. "Impact of the Marine Transport System and Public Administration on the Environmental Protection." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 12, no. 3 (June 4, 2021): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v12.3(51).05.
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In connection with the development of the economy and the increasing scale of human economic activity, the transportation of various goods by sea (water) transport is increasing, which make up 60-67% of the world cargo turnover. At the same time, there is a negative impact on the environment, its pollution, the consequences of which affects both the current generation and may affect the future. Therefore, the impact of water transport on the environment is an urgent and pressing problem of today, but it is necessary to note the positive aspects of the development of the country's water transport, which has an impact on the creation of an additional export and transit route for the transportation of goods, the entry of Kazakhstani goods to world markets and the creation of additional jobs in this industry.
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Krešić, Greta, Jelka Pleadin, Snježana Zrnčić, Nikolina Liović, Anamarija Buneta, Dina Lončarić, and Elena Dujmić. "Factors affecting consumers´ preferences for products from aquaculture." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.17.
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Fish is an essential component of a balanced and healthy diet and the present demand for fish cannot be sustained by capture fisheries. Consequently, aquaculture is currently the fastest growing food production industry in the world, contributing to more than half of the global fish production intended for human consumption. Although the image of aquaculture is not necessarily negative per se, consumers around the world still have a greater preference for wild fish. Therefore, the aim of this review is to critically evaluate some of the factors which may affect consumer preferences: socio-demographic characteristics of consumers, quality and safety perception of products from aquaculture, price of aquaculture products and socio-economic aspects of aquaculture, and concerns about the negative impact of aquaculture on the environment and about the sustainability of the production method. A literature review confirmed that age is the most influential sociodemographic variable. Being younger, female or having higher income and a higher education level can result in greater preference for aquaculture products. The image of farmed fish suffers from a perception of lower quality in terms of taste, health and nutritional value and, in some cases, even from low safety perceptions. On the other hand, farmed fish is believed to have lower prices and greater availability. Additionally, economic benefits are one of the main advantages of aquaculture. Mixed results emerge, however, with regard to the environmental impact of aquaculture, but sustainable production may compensate for possible environmental concerns and drive preference for farmed fish. Depending on how consumers weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of both aquaculture and its products, this will result in a preference for wild or farmed fis
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Krešić, Greta, Jelka Pleadin, Snježana Zrnčić, Nikolina Liović, Anamarija Buneta, Dina Lončarić, and Elena Dujmić. "Factors affecting consumers´ preferences for products from aquaculture." Croatian journal of food science and technology 12, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2020.12.2.17.
Full textAbstract:
Fish is an essential component of a balanced and healthy diet and the present demand for fish cannot be sustained by capture fisheries. Consequently, aquaculture is currently the fastest growing food production industry in the world, contributing to more than half of the global fish production intended for human consumption. Although the image of aquaculture is not necessarily negative per se, consumers around the world still have a greater preference for wild fish. Therefore, the aim of this review is to critically evaluate some of the factors which may affect consumer preferences: socio-demographic characteristics of consumers, quality and safety perception of products from aquaculture, price of aquaculture products and socio-economic aspects of aquaculture, and concerns about the negative impact of aquaculture on the environment and about the sustainability of the production method. A literature review confirmed that age is the most influential sociodemographic variable. Being younger, female or having higher income and a higher education level can result in greater preference for aquaculture products. The image of farmed fish suffers from a perception of lower quality in terms of taste, health and nutritional value and, in some cases, even from low safety perceptions. On the other hand, farmed fish is believed to have lower prices and greater availability. Additionally, economic benefits are one of the main advantages of aquaculture. Mixed results emerge, however, with regard to the environmental impact of aquaculture, but sustainable production may compensate for possible environmental concerns and drive preference for farmed fish. Depending on how consumers weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of both aquaculture and its products, this will result in a preference for wild or farmed fis
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von Koerber, Karl, Nadine Bader, and Claus Leitzmann. "Wholesome Nutrition: an example for a sustainable diet." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 76, no. 1 (August 9, 2016): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665116000616.
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‘Wholesome Nutrition’ is a concept of sustainable nutrition that was developed at the University of Giessen in the 1980s. In this concept, health and the ecologic, economic, social and cultural dimensions of nutrition are equally important. In 1992 at the UN-Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro the definition of ‘Sustainable Development’ comprised the dimensions environment, economy and society. Additionally to these three ‘classical’ dimensions of sustainability, we included ‘health’ as the fourth dimension because nutrition has far reaching effects on human health. The fifth dimension, ‘culture’, became part of the sustainability dialogue since many years; the respective cultural background influences food habits. Presently, mankind has to cope with huge global challenges such as poverty and food insecurity in low-income countries as well as climate change. Therefore the objective is to identify prospects for actions to respond to these global challenges. The concept of ‘Sustainable Nutrition’ analyses the food supply chain at all stages from input-production and primary production to processing, distribution, preparation, consumption and waste disposal. The present analysis leads to the following seven principles: preference of plant-based foods, organic foods, regional and seasonal products, preference of minimally processed foods, Fair Trade products, resource-saving housekeeping and enjoyable eating culture. This concept is based on holistic thinking and has the potential to reduce the global challenges in the field of nutrition. Scientists, stakeholders, multipliers and consumers are asked to consider environmental, economic, social and cultural aspects in addition to the biological (health) aspects.
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Tajik, Ghazaleh, Amir Hossein Azadnia, Azanizawati Bt Ma'aram, and Syed Ahmad H. S. Hassan. "A Hybrid Fuzzy MCDM Approach for Sustainable Third-Party Reverse Logistics Provider Selection." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 521–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.521.
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Third-party reverse logistics providers (3PRLPs) selection has become an important logistics function which can help companies to maintain their competitive edge. Traditionally, companies solely considered economic aspects for selecting their 3PRLPs. However, due to increased pressure from different types of stakeholders regarding environmental and social issues in recent years, companies have been obliged to incorporate these issues in their logistics and supply chains functions. Although many studies have been conducted in the field of 3PRLPs selection, much less attention has been devoted to incorporating all three aspects of sustainability (social, environmental, and economic) in this field. In this research, a hybrid fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making (FMCDM) approach is proposed for selecting 3PRLPs while all three dimensions of sustainability were taken into account. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used in order to weight the selected sustainability criteria and subcriteria. Then, fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (FTOPSIS) was applied for determining the ranking of suppliers. The applicability of the proposed approach was tested in an electronic manufacturing company.
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Yu, Chunxia, Wenfan Zhao, and Ming Li. "An integrated sustainable supplier selection approach using compensatory and non-compensatory decision methods." Kybernetes 48, no. 8 (September 2, 2019): 1782–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-02-2018-0063.
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Purpose Due to the increasing awareness of environmental and social issues, many practitioners and researchers have paid attention to sustainable supply chain management. As the performance of suppliers determines the success of supply chains, sustainable supplier selection becomes more and more important. Existing sustainable supplier selection models evaluated the sustainability of suppliers in three aspects (economic, environmental and social) and assumed that values on different criteria can completely compensate for each other directly. However, in reality, criteria in economic, environmental and social aspects are heterogeneous, and the decision-maker’s preferences on criteria belonging to different aspects are different. In this case, values on criteria belonging to different aspects are not allowed to completely compensate for each other directly. To solve this problem, this paper aims to propose a hybrid sustainable supplier selection approach integrating compensatory and non-compensatory decision rules. Design/methodology/approach In the proposed approach, the compensatory decision method Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution is used to evaluate performances of suppliers with respect to economic, environmental and social aspects. The non-compensatory decision method Elimination and Choice Translating Reality is used to evaluate performances of suppliers on sustainable criteria comprehensively. Through the proposed approach, only criteria belonging to the same aspects are allowed to compensate for each other directly. Finally, experimental results show that the proposed integrated approach is effective and efficient to help the decision-maker select optimal sustainable suppliers. Findings This is an original approach that integrates compensatory and non-compensatory decision rules, which can benefit from the two kinds of decision rules simultaneously. The integrated approach can be used as an aid for companies to select the best sustainable suppliers. Originality/value This paper presents an original integrated sustainable supplier selection approach using both compensatory and non-compensatory methods. It can benefit from the advantages of both compensatory and non-compensatory methods. The proposed approach can express preferences of the decision-maker on sustainable criteria sufficiently and maximize economic benefits while meeting environmental needs.
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SANTOS, Fabiana R. R. L., Fernando A. F. FERREIRA, and Ieva MEIDUTĖ-KAVALIAUSKIENĖ. "PERCEIVED KEY DETERMINANTS OF PAYMENT INSTRUMENT USAGE: A FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPPING-BASED APPROACH." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 24, no. 3 (May 18, 2018): 950–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1261374.
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The recent economic climate has had direct repercussions on people’s daily lives. This has occurred not only in how they use payment instruments, but is also evinced in new concerns adjacent to technological advances, people’s safety and the credibility of financial institutions. In this regard, the banking sector has had a crucial role in countries’ economic development, making it increasingly important to understand how the banking system operates and what payment instruments are available to users. Relying on specialized literature and the application of fuzzy cognitive mapping, this study aims to understand the cause-and-effect relationships between customers’ preference factors in using payment instruments. The results show that usability aspects and safety concerns constitute the factors which users pay more attention to. Strengths and limitations of our proposal are also discussed.