Relevant bibliographies by topics / Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease"

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Geltser, B. I., I. G. Kurpatov, V. N. Kotelnikov, and Yu V. Zayats. "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cerebrovascular diseases: functional and clinical aspect of comorbidity." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 90, no. 3 (March 15, 2018): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/terarkh201890381-88.

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Literature data of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) comorbidity are represented in this review. Key aspects of this interaction and its importance for clinical medicine have been considered. CVD and COPD are the main mortality factors in adults, which contribute to great economic wastes. The incidence of chronic cerebral ischemia for COPD patients is almost three times as high as for general population. The incidence of ischemic stroke for COPD patients is 1,2 times higher than in general population. For hemorrhagic stroke and subarachnoid haemorrhages, this figures are 1,3 and 1,46 respectively. Chronic systemic inflammation, tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress play the crucial role in respiratory and cerebrovascular comorbidity. Metabolites of these processes (especially proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, C-reactive protein and some neurotrophins) increase the permeability of blood-brain barrier, destroy brain cells and activate atherogenesis in pre - and intracerebral arteries. Endothelial dysfunction affects autoregulation of cerebral circulation. Systemic symptoms of COPD are closely associated with different structural-functional disorders of the brain such as reduction in white matter integrity, grey matter volume reduction and cerebral microbleeds. Also, venous encephalopathy is developed as a result of intrathoracic pressure elevation and stasis in superior vena cava system. These processes result in neurological symptomatology. The intensity of symptoms depends on COPD severity. The occurrence of cognitive impairment, psychic tension, depression, panic disorders also increases. However COPD and CVD comorbidity is an important problem of modern medicine, pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinic aspects of this problem remain unresolved. Understanding of their role opens perspectives for rational pharmacotherapy.
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Gayfullina, R. F., M. N. Katina, F. F. Rizvanova, O. A. Kravtsova, and A. A. Rizvanov. "Role of genetic polymorphism in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 4 (August 15, 2012): 663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1567.

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Presented was a review of the most recent literature devoted to the main genes responsible for the formation of atherothrombosis of the cerebral vessels. The aim was to analyze the data in the literature regarding several genetic factors responsible for the development of cerebrovascular disease, particularly ischemic stroke. Conducted was an electronic search of full-text and abstract-only versions of articles, which cover the aspects of genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke, according to the databases PUBMED, OMIM and GENE using the following main keywords: «cerebrovascular disease», «ischemic stroke», «cerebral atherosclerosis», «gene polymorphism», «mutation». Medical diagnostics today has modern technologies of genotyping, which make it possibe to accurately determine the genotype of a person, thus opening up wide prospects for the development of personalized medicine. The majority of genetic variations is due to single nucleotide substitutions that lead to quantitative changes in expression or affect the biological properties of the proteins. Approximately 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms are known, however their biological significance is not always obvious. Currently hereditary predisposition to atherosclerosis is being actively studied, identified were the genetic variants of genes of blood lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, hemostatic system, and proteins involved in platelet aggregation and thrombosis. An individual «genetic passport» makes it possible to determine the risk factors for atherosclerotic lesions of blood vessels in a specific individual long before the development of the disease. Determination and investigation of groups of genes that are responsible for the development of atherosclerosis in people living in specific areas is still of utmost relevance. Based on these studies it is possible to establish specific test systems for the Republic of Tatarstan for diagnosing predisposition to the development of certain forms of atherosclerosis, the widespread introduction of which will significantly reduce the mortality and disability of the population, the economic and social damage.
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M., Sarin S., and Jayasree A. K. "Health problems in geriatric population of age group ≥70 years in rural Kerala, India: a cross sectional study." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 3486. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20193933.

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Background: The proportion of elderly population is increasing considerably world over. The health and socio-economic issues of this section is to be considered separately and in depth insights about them is needed for formulating elderly friendly health policy. This study intends toidentify the important health concerns of elderly population above the age group of 70 years in a rural area in North Kerala, India.Methods: It is a community based cross-sectional descriptive study involving all individuals above the age group of 70 years in a randomly selected panchayath ward from rural North Kerala. The data regarding demography, socioeconomic aspects, medical history, access to health care and treatment of chronic illnesses were collected through interview of study participants by a trained health care volunteer using a pre-validated questionnaire.Results: A total of 93 individuals above the age group of 70 years were included in the study out of which 63% were females and 37% males. In the study population 55.9% of the elderly were widowed and 87.1 % were staying along with their children. Almost 75% of the elderly received social welfare pension from government agencies and 14.3% received service pensions. 67.74% of the study population were hypertensive and 35.56% were diabetic. Other health issues included arthritis, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, genito urinary symptoms and cerebrovascular accident.Conclusion: The study provide valuable insights into the health and social issues of elderly in Kerala and points to the importance of formulating an elderly friendly health policy in the state.
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Radovic, Vesna. "Use of beta blockers in various clinical states." Medical review 64, no. 1-2 (2011): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1102055r.

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Introduction. According to the convincing evidence, a decline in mortality rate has been achieved with beta-blockers in patients with an acute myocardial infarction and in post-infarction follow-up. In fact, there has been a clear reduction of sudden coronary death. The necessary condition for the efficiency of beta-blockers is an early use. They are also a medication of choice for angina after an infarction. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of beta-blockers after a myocardial infarction in various clinical states and to eliminate doubts concerning their prescription. Beta blockers Even in conditions considered contraindications for administration of beta blockers such as old age, diabetes, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, arterial disease, heart insufficiency, ventricular arrhythmias, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and depression, patients benefit from beta blockers when they are given along with a right choice of the medication and a regular follow-up of the patient. Preference is given to cardioselective beta blockers in patients with diabetes or lung disease. Beta-blockers do not cause long-term lipid alterations. Therefore, the matter of clinically significant alterations of lipids or blood glucose levels should not need further consideration as a problem of the treatment of diabetics. Discussion and conclusion. Investigations have proved that the use of beta-blockers reduces the development of cerebrovascular accidents, heart insufficiency and hypertension. Despite strong arguments and numerous recommendations, beta-blockers have not been accepted to a sufficient extent as an integral part of treatment of acute coronary syndrome and related diseases, to the detriment of many lost lives and in spite of favourable pharmaco-economic aspect.
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Schwartz, Joseph A. "Neurobehavioral Aspects of Cerebrovascular Disease." Psychosomatics 33, no. 3 (August 1992): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(92)71981-1.

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Alberts, M. J. "Genetic aspects of cerebrovascular disease." Stroke 22, no. 2 (February 1991): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.22.2.276.

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Neuren, A. P. "Neurobehavioral Aspects of Cerebrovascular Disease." Neurology 41, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.41.12.2016.

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Folstein, Marshal F. "Neurobehavioral Aspects of Cerebrovascular Disease." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 181, no. 2 (February 1993): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199302000-00016.

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Toole, James F. "Neurobehavioral aspects of cerebrovascular disease." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 108, no. 1 (March 1992): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-510x(92)90198-t.

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Marshall, J. "BOOK REVIEWS: Neurobehavioural Aspects of Cerebrovascular Disease." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 54, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 1125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.54.12.1125-a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease"

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Katzenellenbogen, Judith Masha. "Use of data linkage to enhance burden of disease estimates in Western Australia : the example of stroke." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0117.

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[Truncated abstract] The Disability-Adjusted Life Year index, developed by the Global Burden of Disease Study, is used extensively to compare disease burden between locations and over time. While calculation of the fatal component of this measure, Years of Life Lost, is relatively straight-forward, the non-fatal component, Years Lived with Disability, is based on parameters that are challenging to estimate. This thesis pioneers the use of the Western Australian Data Linkage System to enhance epidemiological parameters underpinning Years Lived with Disability, providing, by way of illustration, a robust quantitative profile of burden of stroke in the state of Western Australia at the turn of the 21st century. The principal methodological objective was to utilise data linkage analytic methods for the specific requirements of burden of disease estimation. The principal stroke-related objectives were: 1. To estimate the parameters underpinning the non-fatal burden of stroke (Years Lived with Disability) in Western Australia in 2000. 2. To estimate the total burden of stroke (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) in Western Australia in 2000. 3. To investigate differentials in stroke burden between different sub-populations in Western Australia. 4. To calculate projections of stroke burden for Western Australia in 2016. Years Lived with Disability from stroke were calculated for Western Australia from nonfatal stroke incidence, expected duration and disability (severity) weights. Non-fatal incidence was estimated using linked hospital and death records of first-ever hospitalised stroke 28-day survivors in 2000. This was then adjusted for out-of-hospital cases determined from the population-based Perth Community Stroke Study. iv Analysis of mortality in hospitalised 28-day survivors using linked data revealed that the excess mortality in prevalent, rather than incident cases was the main disease-specific parameter required for modelling stroke duration using DisMod II specialised software. ... Access to data linkage and population-based stroke studies in Western Australia allowed more accurate estimation of non-fatal stroke burden, with previous reports most likely underestimating disability as a contributor to total burden. Although predominantly affecting the growing aged population, stroke also affects a sizable number under the age of 65 years, the age group where differentials in stroke burden are the greatest. The findings highlight the continued need for primary prevention efforts for all ages, targeting especially younger people in disadvantaged groups. The shift to greater disability burden in the future and the needs of disadvantaged groups must be considered when planning stroke services. The multiple studies undertaken for this thesis contribute to ongoing improvement of data quality and methodological refinements underpinning estimates of Years Lived with Disability, specifically for stroke, but applicable also to other diseases. Similar linked data approaches can be used in other Australian states in the future once infrastructure is developed, thereby improving estimates of disease burden for health policy and planning in the future.
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Cooper, Natalie R., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Reduced peri-infarct dysfunction with pre-stroke exercise : molecular and physiological correlates." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/215.

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The effects of pre-stroke exercise and levesl of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on behavioural and functional recovery were examined following focal cortical ischemic infarct. Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) was used to derive topographical maps of forelimb representations within the motor cortex and ischemia was induced via bipolar coagulation of surface vasculature. One month of excerise prior to ischemia significantly increased the amount of peri-infarct movement represnetations and initiates vascular changes within motor cortex. Further, this exercise-induced preservation of peri-infarct movement representations is associated with behavioural recovery and is dependent on BDNF levels in the motor cortex. These results provide further support for the idea that endurance exercise prior to stroke may enhance functional and behavioural recovery.
140 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.
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Hung, Ka-lok Victor, and 洪家樂. "The role of astrocytic endothelin-1 in dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease and mild ischemic stroke." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42181987.

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Cheng, Lu, and 程璐. "The role of exchange protein directly activated by cyclic AMP 2-deficiency in ischemic stroke." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46945209.

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Fournier, Caroline. "Genetic investigation of vascular diseases in the French-Canadian population." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0030/MQ64355.pdf.

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Kirsch, Florian [Verfasser]. "Economic aspects of disease management programs in chronic diseases / Florian Kirsch." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1164293648/34.

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Starkie, Helen Jane. "Health economic aspects in the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2154/.

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The broad aim of this thesis on ‘Health Economic aspects in the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease’ (COPD) was to study the natural history of the disease in order to inform the conceptualisation and development of a new economic model. Existing economic evaluations for COPD were critiqued and information on the natural history of the disease gathered though literature searches and analyses of two large datasets, a COPD randomised controlled trial called TORCH and a general population observational dataset called the Renfrew/Paisley (MIDSPAN) study. Particular attention was paid to identifying the COPD population using different diagnostic criteria. The elicitation of utility estimates under a number of circumstances was considered. A regression based prediction model was conceptualised and developed. Significant contributions of this thesis include, but are not limited to: a NICE COPD cohort were identified who were found to be at higher risk of all-cause and COPD mortality than a GOLD defined cohort; a mapping equation was successfully developed that predicts the EQ-5D from the SGRQ; and an entirely new concept for modelling COPD was developed that uses a series of regression equations to predict cost and effect based on lung function, symptoms and exacerbations and weighted by survival probability in order to generate a model with one arm representing current treatment and a second arm representing a comparator treatment. The thesis successfully combined information gathered throughout the period of research on the natural history of COPD with treatment effects in a novel way in order to conceptualise and develop a new economic model for COPD.
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Buckingham, David M. "Coping with a stroke : prediction using the belief constructs of just world, locus of control, attribution and reformulated learned helplessness." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/465787.

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Belief constructs appear to govern many aspects of life and may have an influence on coping with severe disability. This study investigated the extent to which coping with a stroke is identified by the belief constructs of just world, locus of control, attribution, and reformulated learned helplessness. The data were collected at a comprehensive rehabilitation center from thirty consenting stroke victims. The sample included 17 women and 12 men with a mean age of 64. The median number of days from the stroke to rehabilitation was 16. Twenty subjects had left hemiparesis and ten subjects had right hemiparesis.In addition to the belief-construct predictor variables, nature-of-stroke and demographic variables were collected during an initial evaluation. Demographic variables included sex, age, marital status, occupation, education, and recreation. Nature-of-stroke variables included period of time since stroke, diagnosis, severity, location, and aphasia as measured by the 'Aphasia Language Performance Scales' (Keenan & Brassell, 1975). The belief constructs were measured by the 'Just World Scale' (Rubin & Peplau, 1975), the 'Internal-External Locus of Control Scale" (Collins, 1974), and an adapted version of the 'Attribution Style Questionnaire' (Seligman, 1984). A coping measure was introduced as the criterion variable. It was administered 21 days following the initial evaluation and is based upon the ratings of the stroke victims' therapists. It includes a scale to more clearly define coping.The results of the study did not produce a clear definition of coping, although cognitive, emotional, and physical factors were evident. In addition, there was preliminary evidence of reliability and validity for measures of this construct. The linear composite of five variables was statistically significant (p < .01) and identified 56% of the variance in the coping measure. The significance of these variables suggests that successful coping is associated with older subjects who had passive premorbid recreation, were admitted relatively soon after their stroke, were rated as having a mild stroke, and made stable attributions about rehabilitation. The fact that one of the belief-construct variables (stability of attribution about rehabilitation) was significant, despite the small sample size, is encouraging and justifies further research in this area.
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Kleineibst, Lynn Jill. "The effectiveness of a caregiver support programme to address the needs of primary caregivers of stroke patients in a low socio economic community." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/432.

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Li, Jiayan Emma, and 李嘉彦. "Economic evaluations of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for chronic disease management: asystematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45173072.

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Books on the topic "Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease"

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International Symposium on Molecular Mechanism and Epochal Therapeutics for Ischemic Stroke and Dementia (2002 Okayama-shi, Japan). Molecular mechanism and epochal therapeutics of ischemic stroke and dementia: Invited papers from the International Symposium on Molecular Mechanism and Epochal Therapeutics for Ischemic Stroke Dementia, held in Okayama, Japan 18 to 20 October 2002. Edited by Abe Kōji. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 2003.

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Psychological management of stroke. Malden, MA: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

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Robert, Anderson. The aftermath of stroke: The experience of patients and their families. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

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Blessings at midnight: A true story of hope when things seemed hopeless. Nampa, Idaho: Pacific Press, 1998.

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Leavell, Jo Ann Paris. Joy in the journey. Gretna, La: Pelican Pub. Co., 1994.

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Gariballa, Salah. Nutrition and stroke: Prevention and treatment. Ames, IA: Blackwell Pub., 2004.

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International, Conference on Nutrition in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases (3rd 1992 Aomori-shi Japan). The Third International Conference on Nutrition in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases. New York, N.Y: New York Academy of Sciences, 1993.

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Conquering disability: What one counselor learned from his stroke. Minneapolis: Augsburg Pub. House, 1989.

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Religiosität und Schlaganfall: Bewältigen religiöse Menschen anders? Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2001.

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1948-, McLean Rod, and Kobylinski Barbara A. 1944-, eds. Stroke survivors. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease"

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Bornstein, R. A. "Neuropsychological Aspects of Cerebrovascular Disease and its Treatment." In Advances in Clinical Neuropsychology, 55–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2211-5_3.

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Trabucchi, Marco, Stefano Govoni, and Angelo Bianchetti. "Socio-Economic Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment." In Alzheimer Disease, 459–63. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8149-9_76.

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Hardens, M. "Health Economic Aspects of Alzheimer’s Disease and the Implications for Drug Development and Pricing." In Alzheimer Disease, 567–72. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4116-4_87.

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Littmann, Jasper, A. M. Viens, and Diego S. Silva. "The Super-Wicked Problem of Antimicrobial Resistance." In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, 421–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_26.

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Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) – the progressive process by which microbes, such as bacteria, through evolutionary, environmental and social factors develop the ability to become resistant to drugs that were once effective at treating them – is a threat from which no one can escape. It is one of the largest threats to clinical and global health in the twenty-first century – inflicting monumental health, economic and social consequences. All persons locally and globally, and even all future persons yet to come into existence, all suffer the shared, interdependent vulnerability to this threat that will have a substantial impact on all aspects of our lives. For example, while reliable data are hard to find, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has conservatively estimated that, in Europe alone, AMR causes additional annual cost to health care systems of at least €1.5 billion, and is responsible for around 25,000 deaths per year. Furthermore, AMR significantly increases the cost of treating bacterial infections with an increase in length of hospital stays and average number of re-consultations, as well as the resultant lost productivity from increased morbidity. With a combined cost of up to $100 trillion to the global economy – pushing a further 28 million people into extreme poverty – this is one of the most pressing challenges facing the world. Most troublingly, if we do not succeed in diminishing the progression of AMR, there is the very real potential for it to threaten common procedures and treatments of modern medicine, including the safety and efficacy of surgical procedures and immunosuppressing chemotherapy. Some experts are warning that we may soon be ushering in a post-antibiotic area.
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Teo, M. K., V. Madhugiri, and G. K. Steinberg. "Surgical Aspects of Moyamoya Disease." In Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases, 859–64. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803058-5.00163-6.

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Fukushima, Takanori. "Surgical Aspects of Moyamoya Disease." In Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases, 586–89. Elsevier, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012743170-3.50148-5.

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"Neuroendovascular aspects of cerebrovascular disease in pregnancy." In Neurointerventional Management, 559–69. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781841848075-31.

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Pukenas, Bryan A., and Robert W. Hurst. "Neuroendovascular aspects of cerebrovascular disease in pregnancy." In Neurointerventional Management: Diagnosis and Treatment 2E, 547–57. Informa Healthcare, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781841848075.028.

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Barnett, O. W., and Charles E. Main. "PLANT VIRUS DISEASE - ECONOMIC ASPECTS." In Encyclopedia of Virology, 1318–26. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rwvi.1999.0222.

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"Sociodemographic and Economic Aspects." In The Clinical Management of Early Alzheimer's Disease, 13–31. Psychology Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410607225-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Economic aspects of Cerebrovascular disease"

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Liu, Chengcheng. "Strategies on healthy urban planning and construction for challenges of rapid urbanization in China." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/subf4944.

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In the past 40 years, China has experienced the largest and fastest urbanization development in the world. The infrastructure, urban environment and medical services of cities have been improved significantly. The health impacts are manifested in the decrease of the incidence of infectious diseases and the significant increase of the life span of residents. However, the development of urbanization in China has also created many problems, including the increasing pollution of urban environment such as air, water and soil, the disorderly spread of urban construction land, the fragmentation of natural ecological environment, dense population, traffic congestion and so on. With the process of urbanization and motorization, the lifestyle of urban population has changed, and the disease spectrum and the sequence of death causes have changed. Chronic noncommunicable diseases have replaced acute infectious diseases and become the primary threat to urban public health. According to the data published by the famous medical journal The LANCET on China's health care, the economic losses caused by five major non-communicable diseases (ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) will reach US$23 trillion between 2012 and 2030, more than twice the total GDP of China in 2015 (US$11.7 trillion). Therefore, China proposes to implement the strategy of "Healthy China" and develop the policy of "integrating health into ten thousand strategies". Integrate health into the whole process of urban and rural planning, construction and governance to form a healthy, equitable and accessible production and living environment. China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. The main strategies from national system design to local planning are as follows. First of all, the top-level design of the country. There are two main points: one point, the formulation of the Healthy China 2030 Plan determines the first batch of 38 pilot healthy cities and practices the strategy of healthy city planning; the other point, formulate and implement the national health city policy and issue the National Healthy City. The evaluation index system evaluates the development of local work from five aspects: environment, society, service, crowd and culture, finds out the weak links in the work in time, and constantly improves the quality of healthy city construction. Secondly, the reform of territorial spatial planning. In order to adapt to the rapid development of urbanization, China urban plan promote the reform of spatial planning system, change the layout of spatial planning into the fine management of space, and promote the sustainable development of cities. To delimit the boundary line of urban development and the red line of urban ecological protection and limit the disorderly spread of urban development as the requirements of space control. The bottom line of urban environmental quality and resource utilization are studied as capacity control and environmental access requirements. The grid management of urban built environment and natural environment is carried out, and the hierarchical and classified management unit is determined. Thirdly, the practice of special planning for local health and medical distribution facilities. In order to embody the equity of health services, including health equity, equity of health services utilization and equity of health resources distribution. For the elderly population, vulnerable groups and patients with chronic diseases, the layout of community health care facilities and intelligent medical treatment are combined to facilitate the "last kilometer" service of health care. Finally, urban repair and ecological restoration design are carried out. From the perspective of people-oriented, on the basis of studying the comfortable construction of urban physical environment, human behavior and the characteristics of human needs, to tackle "urban diseases" and make up for "urban shortboard". China is building healthy cities through the above four strategies. Committed to the realization of a constantly developing natural and social environment, and can continue to expand social resources, so that people can enjoy life and give full play to their potential to support each other in the city.
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Stärk, Katharina, and S. Babo Martins. "Economic aspects of food borne disease surveillance." In Fourth International Symposium on the Epidemiology and Control of Salmonella and Other Food Borne Pathogens in Pork. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-245.

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Nastase, Mihai-Claudiu, Alexandru Mitru, and Loredana Andreea Paun (Parnic). "The Social and Economic Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on Museums. Case Study: „Princely Court” National Museum Ensemble." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/25.

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The new coronavirus (Covid-19) is one of the main challenges world today has to address. With no large scale availability vaccine yet, and more or less experimental medical treatments for curing the disease, we can safely say that we are still far behind a solution to this problem. This new pandemic is considered the biggest threat to the global economy since the Second World War and there is no aspects of human life have not been affected it, spiritual ones included. Its high contagiousness, as well as novelty, raised all kind of challenges and one of the main ones was our manner to produce answers, in early stages at least, this creating problem on its own and of its design. As well as all the other institutions, theatres, cinemas, concert halls, spaces of socialization and in the same time places of wonder, knowledge and spiritual enrichment the museums were heavily affected by the pandemic crisis, especially those who’s collections are not, but in very small proportion available, to the public through virtual media. Such a case is „Princely Court„ National Museums Ensemble from Targoviste, Dambovita County, Romania. The present paper proposes an overview of the highlights in institution′s activity the past years in comparison with how the pandemic crisis affected its activity in the past months and what were the responses given to keep the museum in the eye of the public. It will also try to summarize how and to what extent the activity went back to „normal” after the emergency state earlier imposed was lifted and how the visitors responded to the new realities.
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4

Al-Khalaifah, Hanan, Mohammad Al-Otaibi, and Abdulaziz Al-Ateeqi. "SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS: NOMENCLATURE, CLASSIFICATION, STRUCTURE, HISTORY, SYMPTOMS EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, ETIOLOGY, DIAGNOSES, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/22.

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With the onset of the coronavirus pandemic in December 2019 in China, and the alarming rate at which it has spread across the world has unleashed not only fear, but has taken a toll on social, economic, health, and governing capabilities of the various countries infected with the virus. The pandemic is affecting all aspects of life, including industries such as the animal production industry all over the world. This includes plant, livestock and poultry production. Food security is accordingly impacted, as these industries are vital elements that are contributing to securing food to populations worldwide. In this review, light is shed on the origin of coronaviruses with special emphasis on COVID-19. It also includes introduction of symptoms, epidemiology and pathogenesis, etiology, and prevention. As the disease progresses, scientists are working around the clock in the hope of an effective vaccine, and they managed to introduce some to the worldwide populations. The world faces challenges on a day-to-day basis until most people are vaccinated.
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Pogorelov, A. R. "Территориальная дифференциация уровня заболеваемости населения Камчатского края (сравнительный аспект)." In GEOGRAFICHESKIE I GEOEKOLOGICHESKIE ISSLEDOVANIIA NA DAL`NEM VOSTOKE. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35735/tig.2019.28.75.017.

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Актуальность изучения пространственных аспектов заболеваемости обусловлена прежде всего современной общественной значимостью охраны здоровья населения. Цель представленного исследования заключалась в территориальнодифференцированной сравнительной оценке общей заболеваемости населения Камчатского края в разрезе административных районов. Для сравнительной оценки уровня заболеваемости населения в административных районах Камчатского края выбраны два однолетних временных периода (2011 и 2018 гг.) и произведен расчет сумм установленных значений по 17 основным классам болезней МКБ10. В дальнейшем произведено итоговое ранжирование исследуемых административнотерриториальных единиц Камчатского края. Все районы распределены на пять групп по уровню общей заболеваемости населения (очень низкий, низкий, средний, высокий, очень высокий). В 2011 г. в группу очень высокого уровня общей заболеваемости вошли 4 района, высокого уровня 4, среднего уровня 1, низкого уровня 1 и очень низкого уровня 3. В 2018 г. в группу очень высокого уровня общей заболеваемости вошли 4 района, высокого уровня 2, среднего уровня 1, низкого уровня 3, очень низкого 3. Выявлено, что устойчивую позитивную позицию в 2011 и 2018 гг. сохраняет г. Вилючинск, который отличается очень низким уровнем заболеваемости. Олюторский и Тигильский районы устойчиво сохраняют негативную позицию в 2011 и 2018 гг. в группе районов с очень высоким уровнем общей заболеваемости населения. Вместе с тем обнаружено, что в Камчатском крае в 2011 и 2018 гг. сохраняется напряженность по заболеваемости населения болезнями органов дыхания, пищеварения, травмами и отравлениями, по которым в последнем исследуемом году в 9 районах наблюдалась заболеваемость выше среднего по региону. Наименее напряженная ситуация отмечена для класса врожденных аномалий и новообразований, по которым в 2011 и 2018 гг. соответственно наблюдалась заболеваемость населения выше среднего по региону.The topicality of the study of spatial aspects of the population disease rate is determined by social and economic importance of public health protecting. The purpose of this study lies in territorial assessment of the population disease rate of the Kamchatka Region by administrative districts. A comparative territorial assessment was carried out for two years (2011 and 2018). Values were established for the main classes of diseases for all administrative districts of the Kamchatka Region. The final rating is compiled for the studied administrativeterritorial units of the Kamchatka Region. This rating included five territorial groups on disease incidence rate (very high, high, medium, low, very low). In 2011, all the districts were distributed in the following order: very high 4, high 4, medium 1, low 1, very low 3. In 2018, all the districts were distributed in the following order: very high 4, high 2, medium 1, low 3, very low 3. A stable positive position is typical for one district (Vilyuchinsk). A stable negative position is typical for two districts of Koryakia (Olyutorsky, Tigilsky). We also found a negative regional situation in the population disease rate by three disease classes in 2011 and 2018 (diseases of the respiratory system diseases of the digestive system injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes). Two disease classes (neoplasms congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities) are characterized by the lowest prevalence in districts of the Kamchatka Region.
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Folz, Alexander J., and Joseph M. Schimmels. "Design of a Passive Ankle Prosthesis With Energy Return That Increases With Increasing Walking Velocity." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3517.

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An estimated 623,000 individuals are living with a major lower leg amputation in the United States [1]. Of these amputations, 78% were due to peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and 45% were due to PVD in individuals with type I or II diabetes [2]. With diabetes and PVD incidence levels on the rise [1] and those in a depressed socio-economic situation more susceptible to develop type II diabetes [3], the demand for affordable, high quality ankle prostheses has never been higher. Prostheses currently available on the market include both passive and active devices, neither of which fully satisfies user requirements. Passive prostheses, the more commonly prescribed style, are economically priced but lack the powered push-off observed in a natural ankle [4] due to the absence of an actuator. As a result, passive prostheses cause a multitude of quality of life detriments to the end user including asymmetrical gait (for unilateral amputees), slower self-selected walking speeds, higher metabolic cost per distance traveled and increased pain in the residual limb [5–6]. Conversely, active devices can nearly match the functionality and powered push-off of a natural ankle [7] but are cost prohibitive. Among active devices, one of the most successful models is the BiOM. Initially developed at MIT, the BiOM uses an actuator in series with a spring to achieve near natural ankle behavior. In 2013, two years after the product’s official launch, the device cost approximately $50,000 and had only sold about 1,000 units [7]. The limitations of currently available ankle prostheses motivates work on a new solution, the EaSY-Walk (Early Stance Y-deflection), a passive ankle device that mimics several key aspects of a natural ankle joint, especially nonlinear rotational stiffness and rotational work output (powered push-off) that increases with walking velocity while remaining relatively inexpensive.
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