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Cruz-Jesus, Frederico, Tiago Oliveira, and Fernando Bacao. "The Global Digital Divide." Journal of Global Information Management 26, no. 2 (April 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2018040101.
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This article presents an analysis of the global digital divide, based on data collected from 45 countries, including the ones belonging to the European Union, OECD, Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC). The analysis shows that one factor can explain a large part of the variation in the seven ICT variables used to measure the digital development of countries. This measure is then used with additional variables, which are hypothesised as drivers of the divide for a regression analysis using data from 2015, 2013, and 2011, which reveals economic and educational imbalances between countries, along with some aspects of geography, as drivers of the digital divide. Contrary to the authors' expectations, the English language is not a driver.
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Maier-Rabler, Ursula. "Cultural Aspects and Digital Divide in Europe." MedienJournal 26, no. 3 (May 2, 2017): 14–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/medienjournal.v26i3.419.
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This paper aims to make a contribution toward an improvement of European e-policy practice. lt is inspired by the conviction that successfuJ e-policy strategies can lead to balanced chances for all members in certain societies to aquire the absolutely indispensable capabilities for decision-making in the context of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Following the path of the development of e-policy papers it has to be stated that many goals have not yet been achieved. The techno-deterministic concepts 'access' and 'usage' seem not to reach far enough to get people really involved andinformed. Many more aspects have tobe considered in order to create a clirnate for innovation where different choices made by different individuals according to their different social, economic or cuJtural backgrounds do not lead automatically to the well known either or not, connected or not-connected, haves or have-nots, but to a variety of patterns of involvement. In this paper, we argue for different e-policy strategies according to cultural aspects in certain societies. And hereby we will focus on the cultural aspects of information itself, on the notion of information in different information cultures. lt also seems important to mention at this stage that we believe that getting all members of society involved in the ICT-innovation process in order to provide the basis for informed decisions by each individual member is the most important task of e-policy.
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Dmitriev, V. Ya. "Socio-Economic Aspects of Digital Transformation of Higher Education." Economics and Management 26, no. 11 (January 16, 2021): 1258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-11-1258-1262.
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Aim. The presented study aims to assess the socio-economic aspects of higher education transformation based on the widespread use of digital technologies.Tasks. The author describes the essence of digital inequality (digital divide), determines the place and role of teachers and students in the transformation of education driven by digital technologies, and highlights the specific features of virtual reality.Methods. This study uses the methods of the systems approach, comparative and structural analysis, analytical and theoretical generalization.Results. The author outlines the concept of a new paradigm of education based on the widespread use of digital technologies and transformed roles of teachers and students.Conclusions. Digitalization of education has made it possible to form an individual educational trajectory based on different forms of presentation of educational content and its communication from the teacher to the student, including using such technologies as virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
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Marzano, Gilberto, and Velta Lubkina. "THE DIGITAL GENDER DIVIDE: AN OVERVIEW." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 21, 2019): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol5.3849.
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It has been observed that women, especially in developing countries, have significantly lower technology participation rates than men. This is generally considered to be the result of socio-cultural attitudes related to the expected role of women in society. The consequence is the low percentage of women working in the high-tech industry. However, nowadays, women make ample use of internet technology and access social media just as much as men.This article will explore the issue of the digital gender divide, focusing on which factors can impede and/or facilitate access to and use of digital technologies. It represents the preliminary results of an ongoing research conducted within a bilateral project entitled “Gender aspects of digital readiness and development of human capital” that involves the Latgalian region in Latvia and the Ternopil region in Ukraine, two regions that share similar socio-economic problems.The aim of the research is to increase the level of women’s inclusion in the labor market of the future, which itappears will be increasingly dominated by digital technologies. From this perspective, reducing the digital divide is crucial, but alternative forms of digital education will need to be introducedin order to facilitate the acquisition of digital competences.
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Blignaut, Pieter. "A Bilateral Perspective on the Digital Divide in South Africa." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 8, no. 4 (2009): 581–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156915009x12583611836091.
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AbstractThere is an awareness of the need for “access to technology,” and there are several initiatives by government, non-governmental organizations and other community development programs to fulfill this demand. The digital divide is, however, not only a matter of access; the challenge is also to empower people to become proficient computer users, even those with general literacy backlogs. People should become actively involved in order to stay computer literate. Demographic aspects such as age, gender, education and socio-economic status affect usage patterns and the gratification gained from Internet usage. The long-term solution to solve the problem of the digital divide is to uplift the socio-economic standard of a community.
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Saboe, Daniel John, and Rodrigo Sarlo. "Finding Sustainable Solutions to the Digital Divide in Semi-Urban Honduras." International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering, Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship 5, no. 1 (May 10, 2010): 170–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijsle.v5i1.2343.
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Throughout the developing world, unequal levels of access to technology have created a social gap called the digital divide; a considerable disparity in technological opportunities that reinforces social and economic division. Concerned with this development, a five person student research team from the University of Virginia was assembled in order to investigate the technological gaps in poor, semi-urban areas of Honduras and to implement a cost-effective, sustainable way to address them. The team used a flexible engineering-based approach to gather and analyze information about community, government, and economic factors relevant to the project, documenting its methodology along the way. The results of the investigation were then tested through the installation of a computer lab for a local school in the community of Las Brisas de la Libertad, in the district of Yoro, Honduras. This paper documents this installation process and describes in detail the considerations needed for its successful and sustainable implementation including community interests, political instability, hardware options, and weather. By analyzing these aspects from their respective advantages and disadvantages, it hopes to serve as a guide for future engineering-oriented service-learning endeavors in international settings.
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Afiani, Isyfi. "Advancing Women’s Digital Skills and Economic Empowerment through Girls in Tech Indonesia: A Case Study." SALASIKA: Indonesian Journal of Gender, Women, Child, and Social Inclusion's Studies 1, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36625/sj.v1i1.39.
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The advancing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has massively supported the economy in the digital era as it disseminates, stores, brings added value and manages information to provide unlimited opportunities for economic development. However, ICT may contribute to discrimination and existing inequalities reinforcement so-called the digital divide. Since all aspects of human interaction with ICT are gendered, this study tackles the digital gender divide issue, that is, the gap between men and women regarding access to, content and use of ICT. Accordingly, in 2016, the gender gap of global internet users was 12% and it grows every year. In response to this condition, a global movement promoting women engagement in ICT has emerged. This study, therefore, depicts the role of Girls in Tech Indonesia community as a chapter of Global Girls in Tech movement in advancing women economic empowerment through ICT by implementing transformational leadership concepts and Longwe’s empowerment framework. In the core of qualitative studies, this study shows that Girls in Tech Indonesia’s leadership performance contributes positively to women empowerment.
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Gaponova, Elena M. "Is Germany a “digital outsider”?" RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 542–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-3-542-553.
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The article is devoted to digitalization in Germany, taking into account the historical context. The scientific novelty and relevance of the study lies in the fact that the German digital media history is examined against the background of the transformation of the media system, mainly after the reunification of the two German states. The scientific significance of the research results is that the following conflict is presented and resolved. On the one hand, Germany has long been ranked among the countries in which multimedia is actively involved in everyday life, and the problem of digital divide (digitale Kluft or digitale Spaltung), which caused heated discussion in the world in the mid-1990s not typical for an economically developed country like Germany. On the other hand, in 2018-2019 scientific publications appeared in which the country was presented as a digital outsider, which means that the federal governments strategy for the development of information and communication technologies has not been properly developed. The author studies digitalization in Germany in the following aspects: historical, substantial and economic, making an attempt to analyze the current situation.
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Ushakova, E. V., E. V. Voronina, E. V. Fugalevich, and M. V. Mikhaylova. "Project Implementation in the Context of Digital Technologies: Federal and Regional Aspects." Economics and Management, no. 2 (April 11, 2020): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-2-157-164.
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In 2017, the digital revolution reached a new global milestone: every second inhabitant of our planet was connected to the Internet. The Digital Economy Program approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in July 2017 aims to address ambitious tasks dictated by new requirements to the public administration system and the organization and structure of the state apparatus of the Russian Federation. The mission of implementing digital technologies in public administration should involve improving the quality of the latter, primarily the quality of public services and management of the implementation of national projects (programs) aimed at ensuring Russia’s economic growth.Aim. The presented study aims to determine priority areas and directions of public administration in the context of the implementation of digital technologies at the federal and regional levels.Tasks. The authors rank the constituent entities and federal districts of the Russian Federation by the extent to which the potential of digital technologies is realized in all aspects of national economic activity and identify the leading constituent entities and federal districts of the Russian Federation in terms of the implementation of digital technologies in public administration.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition and the scientific sociological quantitative method for ranking the constituent entities and federal districts of the Russian Federation in terms of the implementation of digital technologies in public administration.Results. The authors conclude that regulatory and legal acts need to be specified at the federal level in matters of project implementation in the context of digital technologies. With respect to the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the study identifies factors that affect the uneven development of digitalization, particularly the under-qualified staff, lack of project funding in regions, digital divide, and problems of creating a new regulatory environment.Conclusions. The development of digital technologies requires close cooperation between public bodies across all levels of the executive branch. It should be noted that the methodology of forming a digital government itself facilitates the establishment of the necessary conditions for addressing national economic challenges, including those associated with strategic planning based on unified digital information platforms. This aspect is crucial for the development of the Russian economy. Thus, digitalization should lay the groundwork for the further implementation of results-based management by the government.
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Zhukovskaya, O. Y. "Social Capital and Social Networks under the Conditions of Digitalization: Interconnections and Implementation Features." Digital Transformation, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.38086/2522-9613-2020-4-21-33.
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The goal of the article is to analyze the new aspects of accumulation and usage, as well as the opportunities for growth of an important determinant of well-being – social capital – in connection with the active development of social networks under the conditions of digitalization and current social and economic situation. The interconnections as well as the development of social capital, social media and social networks in the context of the digital divide concept were investigated. It was suggested to distinguish digital social capital taking into account different sources and effects of this social and economic phenomenon. In addition, the econometric analysis of social capital, various social and economic indicators, as well as online activity was conducted. Based on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of modern social capital, social media and social networks, information and communication technologies (hereafter – ICT) were analysed, considering the dual nature of the Internet as well as digitalization.
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Adhikari, Janak, Chris Scogings, Anuradha Mathrani, and Indu Sofat. "Evolving digital divides in information literacy and learning outcomes." International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 34, no. 4 (August 7, 2017): 290–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-04-2017-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to seek answers to questions on how equity of information literacy and learning outcomes have evolved with the ongoing advances in technologies in teaching and learning across schools. The authors’ report on a five-year long bring your own device (BYOD) journey of one school, which was one of the earliest adopters of one-to-one learning devices in New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach Using a socio-cultural ecological lens for analysis, a longitudinal study has investigated aspects of how digital/information literacy, computer self-efficacy, and nature of technology usage are transforming school and classroom curriculum practices. Findings Findings of this study reveal a significant shift in social and academic boundaries between formal and informal learning spaces. One-to-one learning devices provide the link between school and home, as students take more ownership of their learning, and teachers become facilitators. Curricula changes and proper technological support systems introduced in the school structures have given agency to students resulting in greater acceptance of the BYOD policy and extensions to learning beyond formal classroom spaces. Digital divide amongst learners has evolved beyond equity in access and equity in capabilities to become more inclusive, thereby paving the way for equity in learning outcomes. Research limitations/implications This study has been conducted in a school which is located in a relatively high socio-economic region. To achieve a more holistic view, there is a need for further studies to be conducted in schools from low socio-economic communities. Originality/value This paper adds to the existing literature by sharing teacher reflections on their use of innovative pedagogies to bring changes to classroom curricular practice.
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Mitrofanova, Inna, Elena Inshakova, Inna Ryabova, and Anastasia Shcherbina. "Digitalization of the Socio-Economic Complex of the Southern Federal District: First Results of Implementing the National Program." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 4 (December 2019): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.4.8.
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The article studies the first results of implementing the state digitalization program in the Southern Federal District (SFD) of Russia. The paper reveals that the SFD federal entities got involved in the economy and social sphere digitalization with different intensities, and assesses the digitalization level in the district as a whole as insufficient to improve its position in the ranking (penultimate place in 2018). The significant differentiation of the regions of the SFD in the level of digitalization and the emerging tendency to gradually smooth out this gap due to the accelerated development of lagging regions, which surpass almost 2 or more times the average district growth rate of the digitalization index in 2018, are consistent with the all-Russian trends. The “digital divide” is more pronounced among the rural population compared with the urban one and less pronounced among organizations of the business and social sphere of the SFD. The presence of the digital divide in the technical, financial, territorial, demographic aspects and the insufficient level of the population digital literacy impede the implementation of the state digitalization program in the subjects of the SFD. This poses complex organizational, institutional and financial tasks for implementing the regional potential of digitalization before federal and regional authorities, business and society. The authors propose a set of measures to implement the high digitalization potential of the SFD regions, including launching in all constituent entities of the SFD and improving the quality of functioning of electronic services in the field of state and municipal administration, housing and communal services, transport, educational and medical services; growth in the share of full-service electronic services; increase in the number of people, especially older people, using the Internet, through implementing regional projects on increasing digital literacy; forming the personnel reserve of the digital economy, etc.
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Abad-Alcalá, Leopoldo. "Media literacy for older people facing the digital divide: The e-inclusion programmes design." Comunicar 21, no. 42 (January 1, 2014): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c42-2014-17.
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This article is based on the fact that the Spanish population is aging, and is second only to Japan in its total number of senior citizens. Given this situation and the omnipresence of new technologies in everyday life, the use of Internet and ICT for older people is essential. The latest report by IMSERSO shows that only 15.6% of people aged be tween 65 and 74 connected to the Internet in the 3-month period measured. The data seem to show that there is a generational digital divide to be overcome. The studies that have addressed this issue have focused more on regional and specific aspects of the relationship between age and Internet use intensity, and these studies use age ranges as criteria. Other studies have introduced variables such as seniors’ economic situation or educational level. With this in mind, public policies have sought to reduce this generational digital divide through a number of media literacy and e-learning projects but without success due to their poor methodological approach. This paper proposes a number of new methodological approaches to tackle the design of digital literacy programs for older people based on criteria such as degree of autonomy and the possibilities for enjoying everyday life, proposing the development of programs based on contextualism, incrementalism, motivation and absorption processes. Tras la japonesa, la población española es la segunda población que más envejece. Ante esta situación y la omnipresencia de las nuevas tecnologías, el uso de Internet y las TIC en la vida cotidiana se hace imprescindible para las personas mayores. El último informe del IMSERSO establecía que solo se habían conectado a Internet en los últimos tres meses un 15,6% de las personas entre 65 y 74 años. Estos datos muestran la existencia de una brecha digital de carácter generacional que debe ser superada. Los estudios que han abordado esta problemática se han centrado más en aspectos regionales, y los específicos sobre la relación entre edad e Internet han abordado solo la intensidad de uso vinculada a intervalos de edades. Otros estudios han introducido variables como el nivel económico o educativo. Frente a esta realidad, las políticas públicas han pretendido disminuir esta brecha digital generacional mediante diferentes proyectos de alfabetización mediática y e-learning, sin lograr su objetivo por el deficiente planteamiento metodológico de los cursos. Este artículo propone una serie de nuevas perspectivas metodológicas a la hora de abordar el diseño de programas de alfabetización digital de las personas mayores basadas en criterios tales como el grado de autonomía o falta de la misma para la vida cotidiana así como el desarrollo de programas basados en el contextualismo, incrementalismo, motivación y proceso de absorción.
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Garcia, David, Yonas Mitike Kassa, Angel Cuevas, Manuel Cebrian, Esteban Moro, Iyad Rahwan, and Ruben Cuevas. "Analyzing gender inequality through large-scale Facebook advertising data." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 27 (June 19, 2018): 6958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717781115.
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Online social media are information resources that can have a transformative power in society. While the Web was envisioned as an equalizing force that allows everyone to access information, the digital divide prevents large amounts of people from being present online. Online social media, in particular, are prone to gender inequality, an important issue given the link between social media use and employment. Understanding gender inequality in social media is a challenging task due to the necessity of data sources that can provide large-scale measurements across multiple countries. Here, we show how the Facebook Gender Divide (FGD), a metric based on aggregated statistics of more than 1.4 billion users in 217 countries, explains various aspects of worldwide gender inequality. Our analysis shows that the FGD encodes gender equality indices in education, health, and economic opportunity. We find gender differences in network externalities that suggest that using social media has an added value for women. Furthermore, we find that low values of the FGD are associated with increases in economic gender equality. Our results suggest that online social networks, while suffering evident gender imbalance, may lower the barriers that women have to access to informational resources and help to narrow the economic gender gap.
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Synowiec, Aleksandra. "Infrastructural and Social Aspects of ICT Dissemination in Rural Areas in Ukraine in Juxtaposition with Other Post-Transition Countries—State of Play and Prospects for Rural Development." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010016.
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The objective of this study is to identify the current state of, and the prospects for, information and communication technologies (ICT) dissemination in rural areas in Ukraine in juxtaposition with other post-transition countries. The spread of ICT is discussed within the frame of economic, infrastructural, and social factors affecting rural areas in Ukraine since the post-communist transition period. Information and communication technologies may support the socio-economic development of peripheral areas in many ways—including rural ones. Dissemination of ICT contributes to the emergence of sources of income, equalizes education opportunities, and increases the attractiveness of rural areas. However, the rural—urban divide in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and other former USSR countries is still remarkable and, as a type of structural inequality, should be better recognized. The source material is based on secondary data, which consists of selected literature on the subject of rural development in Central and Eastern European Countries, strategic documents, available reports and studies of international institutions, research from agencies, state documents and statistics, and research conducted by international and domestic NGOs. In reference to the paper’s objective, the method of content analysis was employed. Dissemination of ICT in rural areas in Ukraine is influenced by two groups of factors. The infrastructural divide concerning Internet access between rural and urban populations in Ukraine has been diminishing, but the issue of structural exclusion due to place of residence has still not been solved. As far as the social aspects of ICT dissemination in rural areas in Ukraine are concerned, the level of digital literacy among rural dwellers is significantly lower in comparison to urban residents. Rural areas are more exposed to the consequences of various aspects of digital exclusion.
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Janc, Krzysztof. "Przestrzeń cyfrowa i internet jako przedmiot zainteresowań w badaniach geograficznych = Digital space and the Internet as the subject of interest of geographical research." Przegląd Geograficzny 91, no. 2 (2019): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/przg.2019.2.2.
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The development of the Internet drove significant changes in the social and economic functioning of people and spatial units. In the case of geography, the Internet changed its nature as a science about space, by expanding on the available topics and methods of study by which geographers come to know the world. New possibilities were a result, though also challenges, above all in relation to the role in geographical research played by the Internet and digital space (data generated through the use of the Internet). Major developments to the World Wide Web and to the Internet as a whole, as well as new solutions made possible by the latter’s creation combine with phenomena subject to scientific analysis to leave as insufficient previous state-of-the-art research methods in the field of Internet geography. The aim of this article is therefore to identify the main problems with research in digital space. Emphasis is put on relationships between real and digital space from the two complementary perspectives of digital space as a source of information about real space for research and of digital space as the subject of research. Explored first is the way in which digital space furnishes data upon which descriptions of real space can be based. An attempt is then made to discover the nature of digital space in its spatial aspects, with the relationship between digital and real space determined. A literature review further serves as the basis for the presentation of four research topics relating to the geography of the Internet, i.e. digital-divide analysis, issues of the management of socio-economic processes, cyber-balkanisation, and the relationships between real and digital spaces. The digital divide relates to access or skills, as well as to individual motivations and socio-cultural preferences, which can also be observed in the different ways people use the Internet. The digital divide is subject to constant change amid the rapid development of the Internet and the increasing importance of the Web in everyday life. Growing interest in concepts relating to the functionality of various areas in so-called smart cities and smart rural areas arises out of issues of spatial management. Cyber-balkanisation in turn constitutes a fragmentation of the Internet more and more manifested by users as they have increased control over online content. The final research topic, concerned with the relationships between real and digital spaces, is crucial to an understanding of the Internet’s role in geography. The presented areas of research on the Internet and digital space, as well as the research directions referred to, should be treated as a starting point for a broader discussion. In the case of analyses of Internet geography, it is essential for basic terms to be determined and defined. Also of importance is a general determination of the role and importance of the Internet in geography.
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Aminur Rahman, Syed Mohammad. "Prospects of PPP in Expanding ICT Services in Rural Bangladesh: A Case of Union Digital Center." International Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 2 (January 24, 2016): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v8n2p163.
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ICTs have appeared to be one of the driving factors of modern economic growth with multilayered impacts on different aspects of the economy and society particularly in developing countries. However, due to infrastructural bottlenecks and huge initial investment requirements, although public and private sectors have been working with their respective motives, a vast majority of population in Bangladesh especially in the rural areas still do not have functional access to internet facilities and digital services. On the above backdrop, based on the survey of secondary sources of information, this paper attempts to review the prospects of public private partnership in expanding ICTs and digital services in rural Bangladesh and as to what extent it contributes to reducing digital divide and achieving broader development objectives. Drawing from the experiences of other developing countries and thoroughly taking into account the case of union information and service centers in Union Parishad level in Bangladesh, this paper makes it evident that neither pubic nor private bodies can render the poor and rural people the access to digital services in a segregated manner except without a joint endeavour or partnership for good. It is emphasized that PPP can be a viable option in expanding digital internet services to the poor and marginalized population in rural Bangladesh.
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Yudina, Maria A. "The Impact of Digitalization on Social Inequality." Level of Life of the Population of the Regions of Russia 16, no. 1 (2020): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/lsprr.2020.16.1.10.
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The Object of the Study. Modern theoretical and methodological approaches to the assessment of social inequality. The Subject of the Study. Internationally used indicators to assess the digital divide. The Purpose of the Study is analyzing of the theoretical and methodological approaches used in international practice to assess digital inequality in order to find ways to improve the indicators which currently are used in the Rossiyskaya Federatsiya. The Main Provisions of the Article. This author examines the following aspects of the impact of digitalization on Russian society: changes in the availability of information resources for different categories of the population caused by the use of ICT, differentiation in special skills for using ICT, and differences in the dynamics of changes in the quality and standard of living. The process of theoretical and methodological understanding of the phenomenon of digital inequality began in the second half of the XX century. It was initially understood as an economic difference between people in terms of their access to certain technologies, however it gradually gained a more comprehensive conceptualization as a systemic phenomenon: a manifestation of structural social inequality in a network society. Today researchers identify three levels of the digital divide (or steps in its evolution), highlighting the growing role of digital skills as well as social connections, intellectual, motivational and wider – human capital in social stratification. The problem of the inequality between individuals on the matter of using digital skills to improve level and quality of life is exacerbated by Industry 4.0 implementation and realization of the Russian government project of the creation of the digital economy. Analysis of the current Rosstat data from the point of view of three levels of digital inequality showed significant improvements in its first level – every year ICT becomes more accessible for Russians. The increase in the number of users leads to a drop in the average indicators of digital skills proficiency, nevertheless the number of Russians using such technologies to improve their level and quality of life is gradually growing. However, additional work is needed in this direction to make the reduction of third-level inequality a sustainable trend. The analysis of indicators which currently are used in the Rossiyskaya Federatsiya to assess the development of the information society, carried out in the framework of this study, demonstrated their compliance with international standards. The theoretical and methodological problem of the statistical methodology used by The Rosstat was revealed: the current indicators do not allow to reflect the correlation between the employment of the population and it’s level of the digital skills. Therefore the indicators currently used in Russiya for digital divide evaluation do not allow to access the readiness of the population to the transition period between industrial revolutions which are always accompanied by the primary wave of technological unemployment in the process of creative destruction of social and economic systems. The Russian state program «Digital Economy» had the strategic target «to launch a regular monitoring to identify the needs of different groups of the working population in the formation of digital economy competencies with the involvement of employers» by June 2019. However checking of the governmental sites of the authorities, who are responsible for the implementation of the mentioned monitoring showed that it is still not ready or just doesn’t accessible for general public.
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Gulati, Rakesh Kumar, and Manveen Kaur. "Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for Inclusive Human Development: A Review." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 10 (October 20, 2017): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i10.76.
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Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) adoption is increasing globally for human development because of its potential affect in many aspects of economic and societal activities such as GDP growth, employment, productivity, poverty alleviation, quality of life, education, clean water and sanitation, clean energy, and healthcare. Adoption of new technologies has been the main challenge in rural areas and is the main reason for the growing gap between rural and urban economy. The work related ICT use have also yielded mixed results; some studies show the individual’s perceived work-family conflict, negative cognitive responses e.g. techno stress while others show increased productivity, improved job satisfaction and work-family balance due to flexible work timings. This paper attempts to understand the role of ICT in human development areas of health, education and citizen empowerment taking into consideration of digital divide which exists in geographic area and within the communities through literature review.
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Lathen, Lorraine, and Linnea Laestadius. "Reflections on Online Focus Group Research With Low Socio-Economic Status African American Adults During COVID-19." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692110217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211021713.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has sped the adoption of online data collection approaches among qualitative researchers. While videoconferencing software has been a tremendous resource for replicating key aspects of the face-to-face focus group environment, online approaches to data collection also face unique challenges. Prior work has offered insights on the value of face-to-face versus online focus groups and strategies for improving the online focus group experience for participants and moderators. However, little has been published on the unique needs of participants from low socio-economic status (SES) populations. In light of the digital divide and the ways in which COVID-19 has exacerbated existing inequalities, researchers must seriously reflect on the ways in which SES and online methods intersect. To address this gap, we present reflections on two online focus groups conducted with low SES African American adults during COVID-19 to offer recommendations on areas of concern and potential solutions for researchers to consider. Three areas stand out as particularly important for reflection: (1) participant privacy, (2) online connectivity, (3) support and time allocations. Greater attention to the impact of SES can help ensure improved opportunities for full and equitable participation, allowing the voices of those who have been marginalized to be heard more clearly.
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Burke, Stephen. "Stronger together? Intergenerational connection and Covid-19." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 21, no. 4 (November 19, 2020): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qaoa-07-2020-0033.
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Purpose This paper aims to review how intergenerational connections and relationships have been affected to date by COVID-19. It provides lessons for the future. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a review of policy and practice. Findings Although there are some excellent examples of creative approaches such as online strategies to bring generations together in the face of social distancing, there remain barriers to building stronger communities. Many people of all ages remain lonely and isolated. Community projects are under-funded and will struggle to maintain connections beyond the immediate crisis. Inequalities and the digital divide have been exacerbated by COVID-19. Intergenerational relations are likely to be further strained by the economic impact. Originality/value None of us have known anything like COVID-19 and its impact on all aspects of our lives. It will continue to affect generations to come, and we need to learn the lessons as we move forward.
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Minashkin, V. G., and P. E. Prokhorov. "Statistical analysis of the use of digital technologies in organizations: regional aspect." Statistics and Economics 15, no. 5 (November 13, 2018): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2500-3925-2018-5-51-62.
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Purpose of the study. The digitization of the economy transforms the ways of delivering and consuming goods and services, which in turn affects all spheres of human activity. The field of electronic commerce is a relatively young area of statistical observation, therefore, at present, researchers, government officials, business representatives and other interested persons lack statistical information, which, in turn, helps to study the economic, social and environmental consequences of the digitized world. The purpose of this study is a quantitative description of the development trends and the degree of regional differentiation of electronic commerce in the Russian Federation in the context of international comparisons.Materials and methods. The article used the official statistical information of Rosstat and Eurostat, on the basis of which the trends in the development of electronic interaction in the business sphere were analyzed and tools were proposed for a quantitative description of regional digital gaps in the regions of Russia and the European Union countries for 2010–2017. As quantitative characteristics of regional differentiation, statistical indicators of variation and localization indicators were used (based on Gini and Lorentz coefficients). Results. The analysis conducted in the study showed the consistency of assessments of the regional digital divide based on economic and statistical indicators. This approach expands the possibilities for an in-depth quantitative description of the processes occurring in the field of digital trading. In addition, it was possible to identify the level of development of e-commerce in Russia in comparison with the leading economies of the European Union, as well as identify the scale of penetration of broadband Internet access among organizations, the involvement of Russian regions and European countries in the processes of placing and receiving orders for goods and services in the global network. According to the results of the study, it should be concluded that despite the obvious leading position of some European countries not only in comparison with Russian regions, but also on a global scale, the development of e-commerce in Russia and the European Union occurs at a comparable pace. It should also be noted that in the case of Russia, this development is more homogeneous in terms of regional differentiation.Conclusion. Despite the fact that digitalization is transforming both business and personal life, there is currently an extremely small amount of information that helps quantify the economic, social and environmental consequences of this phenomenon. In order to further improve the statistical accounting of the digital economy in general and aspects of electronic commerce in particular, at this stage it is necessary: to determine the nature, structure, characteristics, elements, levels of control, movement of the digital economy’s commodity money supply for statistical purposes; identify specific digital technologies, their use in sectors of the economy and their contribution to the gross domestic product; develop a system of statistical indicators on the basis of state programs and strategies, the current methodology of statistical accounting of the information society, international recommendations and development of quantitative measurement of non-governmental organizations.
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Popov, Savva O. "The state role in the investments development in Russia’s digital economy." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series Economics. Management. Law 21, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2021-21-2-135-140.
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Introduction. The current stage of development is characterized by widespread digitalization of almost all economy spheres. One of the key areas for the developing digital economy in the Russian Federation is investments and investment relations. The state supports and develops the investments in data-driven formation of the digital economy. The article examines some of the subjects of the country’s influence on the mechanisms for expanding the innovation investment sphere, regarding local development specifics. Theoretical analysis. There are two categories for considering government influence on investments in the digital economy – the investment climate and the country’s investment policy. The key part of the research process is a set of economic, sociological and statistical methods, as well as applied scientific analysis in digitalization field of public institutions, institutional investment and investment relations as part of the economic system. Empirical analysis. Analyzed topical aspects of state role on the investments development in a rapidly changing environment, divided them into six fundamental categories. The process is presented in the forms of activating the legislative process and the testing of regulatory “sandboxes”. The article describes the caution of the Russian Federation in choosing a supported investment industry, its type and accompanying regulatory legal acts. Results. The research shows the development aspects description chosen by the state to support investment in digital economy conditions and a fact analysis of the state methods of influence on investment relations in the context of global and country economy digitalization.
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Kondratenko, Natalia. "The researching of information inequality in the market of information services." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 4(57) (January 20, 2021): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.225533.
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The object of research is information inequality. Information inequality is seen as a socio-economic problem that can be solved with the help of confident actions of the state. Data analysis confirmed the problem of the «digital divide» at the global and regional levels. The transformation of the information services market depends on the quality of the Internet. The growing number of Internet users is a global tendency, but at the regional level it is possible to see clear differences, which creates problems for obtaining quality educational, financial and professional services. Both negative and positive consequences of information inequality are considered. Along with the growing importance of modern information technologies and services in society, inequality between certain segments of the population is growing. Some people for various reasons may have restrictions on access to information, knowledge, information services, new digital products and modern technologies, while others may not have similar restrictions on access to them. The study found that the market for information services is specific in terms of protection of intellectual property rights. Aspects that would contribute to strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights to information services and products, information security are provided. Negative transactional externalities occur in the market of information services precisely when there is a decrease in information security due to violation of intellectual property rights by one person in relation to another, causing the last damage. To reduce the burden of transaction costs on market participants in information services, the directions of reducing transaction costs at the national level are substantiated. In all countries of the world, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the issue of information inequality. The study presents the principles for overcoming digital inequality.
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Velichenkova, Daria. "Forms of interaction of the innovative university and regional innovative development." KANT 36, no. 3 (September 2020): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2020-36.4.
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The article examines domestic and foreign approaches to the definition of innovation and the innovative potential of universities as key factors in the development of a regional innovation system (RIS), since universities are one of the most important structural elements of a regional innovation system, representing a platform for generating ideas, their implementation and subsequent commercialization. Based on the content analysis, the author identified the main strategic steps of universities in the framework of integration into regional innovation systems to increase the indicators of innovation activity, reveal the essence of the strategy for changing the university management system based on the identified problems. Based on the two selected approaches, the author proposed to divide the forms and methods of integrating universities into RIS into five aspects: educational, entrepreneurial, scientific, economic, socio-cultural, digital. The author considers the modern experience of integrating the universities of the Russian Federation into RIS. It was revealed that many universities take part in regional projects, create small innovative enterprises, hold various grant competitions for regional scientists. Based on the results of the study, the author's view on the interaction of the university's performance and regional innovative development is proposed, taking into account the influence of various external factors on the university.
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Chaves Avila, Rafael, Enrique Bernal Jurado, Adoracion Mozas Moral, and Raquel Puentes Poyatos. "Improving e-economy by regional governments." Management Decision 52, no. 3 (May 13, 2014): 559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2012-0589.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse and assess a government support programme for business innovation in a very peripherical European region: the Spanish region of Andalucía. Design/methodology/approach – Endogenous development approach is used to categorize the main public and private actions included in the government ICT support programme. Cross-time analysis has been carried out by using three territorial indicators of diffusion and effective use of ICT: the physical aspect, refereed to the infrastructures used as a base for the information society development (infrastructures, technology and equipment); the actors and their degree of organization (firms present on the internet and support organizations and institutions); and knowledge, refereed to the technological sprawl and the entrepreneurship capacity (fostering innovation and training among the general population and businesses). Findings – The study confirms that the public policies implemented are coherent with the endogenous development approach, where investment in physical and human capital have been accompanied by enabling measures of interaction between firms and other economical agents (universities, business associations, business centres and technology institutes, etc.), with a view to favouring the dissemination of innovations and knowledge among firms. Secondly, the research assess the impact of this ICT programme, both in terms of economic growth and per capita income, as well as on the main variables that reflect the degree of business participation in the Information Society. Results show that, during the period 1996-2010, this region has made important progress in terms of convergence with more advanced European regions. Research limitations/implications – The study has methodological implications in terms of designs of further ICT programmes in less developed European regions to broke the digital divide. Practical implications – Recent outlooks of the OECD call for more assessment research on ICT national and regional policies around the world, especially those that prove that it is possible to broke the international digital divide. The present study suggests that public policies following the directives laid down by the endogenous development approach can reach this economic and social target. The Andalucía Information Society Programme constitutes a real commitment and private-public partnership towards a structural change in the technological culture amongst businesses. Investment in physical capital and human capital has been accompanied by measures that enable the interaction of firms with other economic agents (university, business associations, technology centres, etc.), with a view to favouring the dissemination of innovation and knowledge among firms. Originality/value – The study uses for the first time the endogenous development approach applied to a less advanced region for evaluation of ICT policy and it improves a methodology based on this approach to assess its effectiveness.
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CHALDAEVA`, Larisa A., and Arsenii A. DANILIN. "The history of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency market development." Finance and Credit 27, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 740–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.27.4.740.
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Subject. The article addresses the cryptocurrency market that originates from the creation of the world's first cryptocurrency, i.e. Bitcoin. It overviews the blockchain technology and mining procedures for the digital currency. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to evaluate trends in the cryptocurrency market within the historical aspects, perform a profound analysis of digital assets terminology, including the concept of forks, tokens and altcoins, investigate changes in the Bitcoin and alternative cryptocurrency market by analyzing the Bitcoin Dominance Index, which has suffered significant fluctuations over the past five years. Methods. The study rests on the systems analysis of conceptual framework, the design of classification criteria, the functional, structural, statistical, graphical, and economic analysis. Results. The findings enabled to identify growth drivers for world’s cryptocurrency trading platforms. The growth primarily relates to the progressive development of the cryptocurrency market infrastructure. Other factors include the extended usage of stablecoins on the world’s biggest crypto exchanges. Conclusions. The paper provides a detailed consideration of changes in the cryptocurrency market development, which are divided into three main stages. The cryptocurrency community appreciates blockchain projects that have introduced new technologies. The most popular projects are implemented in the banking sector or used in the interaction between the cryptocurrency industry and traditional fiat currencies.
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Śmiałowski, Tomasz, and Luiza Ochnio. "ECONOMIC CONTEXTS OF DIFFERENCES IN DIGITAL EXCLUSION." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.2.25.
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In the 21st century, the problem of digital divide is more and more dynamic. Lack of access to digital technology is now the same exclusion as once slavery, lack of access to education or to work. The paper presents the results of research on the impact of belonging to a socio-economic group and income on a scale and diversity of the digital divide of Polish households in 2003–2015. Author’s digital divide indicator was used to assess the impact. In the analyzed period, the scale of digital divide is gradually decreasing, however, its level depends on the socio-economic group and the income. From all socio-economic groups only in the group of students the digital exclusion as marginal. However, the phenomenon of digital divide was the most noticeable among the groups of farmers, pensioners and retirees – almost 80% of people from these groups were excluded or at risk of digital divide. In the case of the second analyzed factor, the research has shown that with the increase in income, the scale of digital divide and its diversification were getting smaller.
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Berde, Éva, and László Tőkés. "The platform economy as a working opportunity for older people." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 14, no. 1 (November 17, 2019): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-09-2019-0092.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show that gig jobs could be considered an alternative way, albeit not the very best, to give work opportunities to older people. This could offset the continuously decreasing income from the pay-as-you-go pension system, which remains the main source of income for older Hungarians. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews the most important aspects of employment of older people and highlights the digital divide which still restricts their participation in the labor market. The paper analyzes data from the Hungarian carpooling company Oszkár and compares it with official statistical data from the Hungarian labor market, focusing on the dynamics of the employment of older persons. Findings The findings show that the alienation of older workers from the gig economy is just transitory, and that an increasing proportion of older gig workers can be anticipated. Research limitations/implications Compiling data on the gig economy faces a number of obstacles, as enterprises are disincentivized from revealing all their data. Social implications Older people are more likely to be employed in lower-quality jobs, such as own-account self-employed. They are also increasingly more likely to become gig workers. Originality/value The paper articulates the importance of remaining active as one ages and moreover challenges the traditional belief that gig jobs mainly offer opportunities to the younger generations.
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Vahid Aqili, Seyed, and Alireza Isfandyari Moghaddam. "Bridging the digital divide." Electronic Library 26, no. 2 (April 11, 2008): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02640470810864118.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how the digital divide has become a common metaphor originating from now nearly obsolete phrases such as “information have and have nots” and “information rich and information poor”. The article aims to focus on several dimensions of the digital divide that pertain to service as well as the responsibilities of libraries.Design/methodology/approachThis article places emphasis on the role of librarians and information professionals in bridging the digital divide by indicating some aspects related to it as evidenced in the literature including its definition, aspects, factors affecting, and internet users.FindingsLibraries are treated as one of the major social tools which can solve the information divide rooted in the digital divide and contribute to the realization of democratic society.Research limitations/implicationsThis article revolves around the authors' points of view. So, further studies, especially comparative research between developed and developing countries which vary in terms of digital divide rate, can help to understand the real role librarians and information professionals play.Practical implicationsRethinking the digital divide, librarians must redesign and redefine their service menu for their customers through thinking functionally. They also need to review the various IT devices and information services available and examine which can be employed to present a more effective library service. In addition, policy‐makers should consider the vital role that librarians can play in the realization of knowledge‐based society and sustainable development.Originality/valueThis paper provides a theoretical basis for librarians to be more active and sedulous and policy‐makers to be vigilant and place much value for information sector and its professionals, particularly librarians working in various libraries.
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Acilar, Ali, Maxim Markin, and Elena Nazarbaeva. "Exploring the Digital Divide." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 3, no. 3 (July 2012): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jide.2012070104.
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Information and communication technology (ICT) is accepted as one of the foundations of modern society. ICTs have become an important part of the modern culture and almost all aspects of life. The information revolution started in the developed countries and mainly these countries have benefitted from these technologies. There are significant differences between developed and developing countries regarding accessing and using ICTs. This can be defined as the global digital divide. There are also different types of the digital divide within a country, such as the gender divide, the age divide, and the income divide. In this paper, the authors explore the digital divide within and between Russia and Turkey.
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Acilar, Ali. "Age and Digital Divide." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 12, no. 3 (July 2021): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2021070102.
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Over the last decades, while we have been witnessing digital transformation with the rise of the internet and other technological innovations, the older population continues to rise all around the world with increasing life expectancy. These important developments pose important health, economic, and social challenges to societies. Even though the diffusion of the internet has rapidly increased worldwide, the digital divide between young and elderly people is still present, particularly in the developing countries. The aim of this study is to explore age-based digital divide in the Turkish population. Although the number of internet users has increased among the older population over time, a prominent digital divide remains between younger and older people in the Turkish population.
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Et. al., Salman Hussain,. "IMPACT OF THE DIGITAL DIVIDE ON DIGITAL LEARNING IN ASSAM: ECONOMIC CAUSES BEHIND IT." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.433.
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Digital learning is one of the most influential alternatives for mitigating the effects of a pandemic on the teaching-learning process. Especially in the present COVID-19 crisis, digital learning has emerged as a great alternative for continuing academic activities where the physical gathering is completely prohibited. Academic institutions and other online learning platforms take initiatives to promote digital learning process during these days, but the digital divide has stood as the main barrier in the front of it. In this paper, we have found that the digital divide is the main factor responsible for the failure of digital learning in Assam. Though there are different causes of the digital divide existed, we have limited our discussion by focusing explicitly on economic causes of the digital divide in Assam. Illiteracy, lack of skills, inadequate investment in ICT, infrastructural gap, low PCI are the major factors responsible for the digital divide in Assam.
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Liptrott, Mark. "Tackling the Digital Divide." International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age 3, no. 1 (January 2016): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpada.2016010105.
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A focus of daily life in the UK now revolves around the adoption of technology and the impact of Internet based technology raises issues of the digital divide, knowledge divide, social empowerment and socio economic effects. This paper focuses on the impact of the UK government's policy, ‘digital by default', on individuals with limited IT skills living in an area of deprivation. Following a review of prior research, the paper analyses data from semi structured interviews with progression support workers in their roles supporting individuals in their use of computers to find employment. Research results identify barriers inhibiting individuals from using IT and the discussion reflects whether the inclusion of concepts of Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory into the design of the ‘digital by default' policy has the potential to address the digital divide. The Conclusion draws on the research results to recommend a revised policy strategy.
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Dasgupta, Susmita, Somik Lall, and David Wheeler. "Policy Reform, Economic Growth and the Digital Divide." Oxford Development Studies 33, no. 2 (June 2005): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600810500137889.
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Subramaniam, Yogeeswari, Tajul Masron, Nik Hadiyan, and Siti Hassan. "The Digital Divide in Developing Countries." International Organisations Research Journal 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 115–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2020-04-06.
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Poverty has been a critical issue for a long time and continues to affect developing countries in the era of booming digitalization. This study investigates the contribution of digitalization to poverty alleviation, confirming that it can promote economic growth. However, utilizing a sample of 37 developing countries in 2014 and 2016, this study observes that the extremely poor are deprived of their share of the benefits that digitalization can offer. Therefore, while strategies to further promote digitalization are critical to economic development, support systems or policies meant to bring those in extreme poverty into mainstream development are badly needed.
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Singh, Sumanjeet. "Digital Divide in India." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 1, no. 2 (April 2010): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jide.2010040101.
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Existing studies of the digital divide reveals the gap that exists between those who have access to ICTs and those who do not create exclusion, endanger social integration and hamper economic growth. The digital divide has many dimensions and can be categorized as global, regional and national. At national level, there is no single divide, but multiple divides: for instance, within countries, between men and women, young and elderly, rich and poor and most importantly rural and urban. The present paper is mainly focused on India and tries to explore the problem of digital divide mainly in rural-urban India. In the context of the present paper digital divide essentially means tele-density, mobile and Internet divide between the rural and urban areas. In this paper, the author reveals that obstacles such as illiteracy, lack of skills, infrastructures, and investment in rural areas must be tackled if India is to diminish the gap of the digital divide. The government should work toward connectivity provision, content creation, capacity augmentation, core technologies creation and exploitation, cost reduction, competence building, community participation and commitment to the deprived and disadvantaged to bridge the digital divide.
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Beksultanova, Aibika, Liza Gaisumova, and Movsar Eniev. "Digital Divide of Russia's Regions." SHS Web of Conferences 93 (2021): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219305011.
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Digital technologies in all spheres of life are becoming an increasingly necessary requirement of the current era, an imperative for states that want to ensure themselves a foothold in an ever-changing world. It is no coincidence that the Digital Economy has become one of Russia's key programs to shape the country's future. This paper analyses the digital divide between cities by comparing settlements of different sizes, economic structure, income levels and histories. Such comparisons provide a voluminous analysis of the digitalisation of the country as a whole, assisting in strategic decision-making in both government and business. The analysis leads to conclusions and proposes key directions for a possible program of action for the regions.
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YAMANAKA, Mamoru. "Social Economic Analysis of Digital Divide in Rural Areas." Studies in Regional Science 30, no. 3 (1999): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2457/srs.30.3_27.
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Yu, Zhonggen. "Third-Level Digital Divide in English Teaching and Learning." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 14, no. 3 (July 2018): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2018070106.
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This article describes how information and communication technologies (ICT) are growing important in English teaching and learning. Based on the model of digital divide, this article focuses on the third-level digital divide. Through interview and large-scale survey by using a questionnaire designed based on a digital divide model, this article attempts to determine the gender differences in the third-level digital divide in English teaching and learning, together with correlations between attitude toward ICT, educational level and economic status. It is concluded that (1) there are significant gender differences in the third-level digital divide in English language learning and teaching; (2) there is a significant positive correlation between attitudes toward ICT and the third-level digital divide in English learning and teaching; (3) there is significant positive correlation between educational level and third-level digital divide in English learning and teaching; (4) there is significant positive correlation between economic status and the third-level digital divide in English learning and teaching. Advantages and disadvantages of this article and future research directions were also discussed.
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Kozlowski, Grzegorz. "Evolution of Political and Security Relationship between the Republic of Poland and the United States of America in the years 1999–2019." Journal on Baltic Security 5, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jobs-2019-0009.
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AbstractThe article discusses the evolution of political and security cooperation between the Republic of Poland and the United States of America in the years 1999–2019. It argues that this relationship has been strengthened over the past several years to an unprecedented level, as reflected by the following: (a) permanent presence of US troops and facilities on the territory of the Republic of Poland; (b) significant reinforcement of energy cooperation that would contribute to the security of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region; (c) development of a high-level strategic dialogue; and (d) successful widening of the mutual scope of soft security collaboration, including economic, digital and people-to-people aspects. In this article, I try to answer the following questions: what are the reasons of upgrading Poland–US political and security relations? What was the process shaping US– Poland relationship during 1999–2019? What are the priorities for both sides in this cooperation? I suggest that the past 20 years of Polish–American relationship can be divided into three stages: (a) between Poland’s accession to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Russian aggression towards Ukraine (1999–2014); (b) between the NATO Summit in Newport and the swearing in of Donald Trump as President of the United States (2014–2017); and (c) then onwards (2017/2018–).
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Acilar, Ali. "Exploring the Aspects of Digital Divide in a Developing Country." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 8 (2011): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/1415.
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Wang, Dong. "The Problem of the Digital Divide in the Development of E-Government and Countermeasures." Advanced Materials Research 850-851 (December 2013): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.401.
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The problem of Digital Divide has become increasingly serious with the advance of information technology. The paper describes the connotation of the Digital Divide briefly, and analyzes the related problems in the development of Chinese E-government from three aspects: regional differences, differences between urban and rural areas, age differences. Learning from the experiences of developed countries and regions, the paper gives the countermeasures from following aspects: strengthening IT research to create conditions for bridging the Digital Divide, caring for vulnerable groups in the educational policy, eliminating information privilege and maintaining information fair, universalizing the services of E-government.
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Connolly, Michelle, Clement Lee, and Renhao Tan. "The Digital Divide and Other Economic Considerations for Network Neutrality." Review of Industrial Organization 50, no. 4 (December 3, 2016): 537–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11151-016-9554-8.
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James, Jeffrey. "From Origins to Implications: Key Aspects in the Debate over the Digital Divide." Journal of Information Technology 22, no. 3 (September 2007): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000097.
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Defined as the differential extent to which rich countries and poor countries benefit from various forms of information technology (IT), the global digital divide has been extensively measured and described in national as well as international debates. The problem, however, is that the topic is highly fragmented in the literature, with few attempts to put the parts into a coherent analytical framework. More precisely, there has been no specific attempt to pinpoint the main issues that influence one's view of the importance of the digital divide and the policies demanded by the different points of view. The goal of this paper, accordingly, is to fill this important gap in the literature in an analytical schema that recognizes the ways in which the impact of innovations depends heavily on how they are generated and diffused. At each stage of this sequential process are key issues that influence one's view of the digital divide. It matters a great deal for instance on whether the divide is in some sense unique, or just another manifestation of the general technological relationship between rich and poor countries. It is also the case that the size of the divide depends heavily on how it is measured. Yet another example is that the extent of the potential impact of IT will influence our view of the foregone opportunities associated with limited uptake of this technology in developing countries.
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Pscheidt, M., and Th P. van der Weide. "Bridging the Digital Divide by Open Source." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 1, no. 2 (April 2010): 44–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jide.2010040103.
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In this article the authors show how open source software can be used as an instrument to tackle certain issues of the digital divide. This article elaborates the relationship between the digital divide, appropriate technology and open source. The authors present some aspects and possible building blocks that are to be taken into account for the successful and sustainable development and implementation of open source systems in institutions of higher learning in developing countries.The study is motivated by the context encountered in a development aid project with the aim to develop and implement an academic registration and information system (ARIS) for Mozambican universities. The ideas and findings presented here are based on a theoretical literature review in order to build a theoretical model of best practice in the context of North-South collaborations.
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Mutula, Stephen. "Deconstructing the ‘Digital Divide’ In Africa." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 1, no. 3 (July 2010): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jide.2010070104.
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The debate about whether the digital divide between Africa and the developed world is narrowing or widening has intensified over the last five years. Some believe that access to technology is positively correlated to economic development and wealth creation, however, since the dawn of the last century, the gap between the rich and the poor within and between developed and developing countries has continued to grow. The protagonists in this debate do not seem to appreciate the notion that the digital divide is not about a single technology, and is driven by a complex set of factors that exist beyond wires. This paper attempts to deconstruct the concept of the digital divide beyond access to PCs, telephones, Internet, cable TV, etc… The authors argue that the phenomenon as currently conceived is misleading and flawed, and so are the indices for its measurement. Suggestions that a new model for mapping the phenomenon is made in order to bridge the divide between developed and developing countries. In deconstructing the digital divide, the authors use the Declaration of Principles of the World Summit on Information Society and the indices used to measure e-readiness, information society, digital opportunity, and e-government.
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Kaba, Adboulaye, and Raed Said. "Bridging the digital divide through ICT." Information Development 30, no. 4 (July 9, 2013): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666913489987.
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Bridging the gap of the digital divide can play an important role in education, employment and economic growth of any country. The present study attempts to examine and analyze the digital divide status of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries compared with countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and other Arab countries. It uses 19 indicators of four factors adapted from The Global Information Technology Report 2009–2010 to measure the digital divide. Findings of the study indicated that GCC countries have a better ICT infrastructure than the ASEAN and other Arab countries. Similarly, the results of the study revealed that GCC nations have more ICT users than the ASEAN and other Arab countries. However, the study found no significant differences among these groups of countries in regard to government support and usage of ICT. Findings of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) show that, across the three groups of countries, the influence of ICT infrastructure is consistently significant in narrowing the digital divide. The regression results also prove a significant relationship between government support for ICT and government usage of ICT.
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Sachdeva, Neeraj, Anne-Marie Tuikka, Kai Kristian Kimppa, and Reima Suomi. "Digital disability divide in information society." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 13, no. 3/4 (August 10, 2015): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-10-2014-0050.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to create a conceptual framework, based on a structured literature review, to analyze the digital disability divide and help find solutions for it. A digital disability divide exists between people with impairments and those without impairments. Multiple studies have shown that people without impairments are less likely to own a computer or have an Internet connection than are people with impairments. However, the digital disability divide is seen in relation not only to access but also to accessibility and use. For people with impairments, new technological innovations offer solutions for everyday challenges, such as finding information, communicating with others and using electronic services. Design/methodology/approach – For this study, 4,778 conference and journal publications were systematically analyzed. Findings – A number of key findings emerged. This field is relatively new, and the literature is highly focused on the technological and social aspects of the digital disability divide, with technology and societal attributes being the core sub-attributes for a comprehensive model. The previous literature did not significantly study the consequences of the financial situation of individuals; rather, the predominant focus was on the have-nots and countries with low income potentials. Furthermore, motivation reveals a compelling case within the digital disability divide subset. Originality/value – The review provides a consolidated view of past research on the general topic of the digital disability divide and the attributes that affect it.
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Zhao, Fang, Alan Collier, and Hepu Deng. "A multidimensional and integrative approach to study global digital divide and e-government development." Information Technology & People 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 38–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-01-2013-0022.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the digital divide on e-government development. Design/methodology/approach – The study takes a multidimensional and integrative approach in order to examine the various ways in which different contextual factors affecting the digital divide (i.e. economic, social, political, demographic, cultural and ICT infrastructure) interact to influence e-government development. To test the hypotheses, authors perform a correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS. Findings – After analysing several global data sets such as those of the World Bank and the United Nations, the study finds that the digital divide is a multidimensional construct that has a significant impact on e-government development in various ways. In contrast to the consensus view of a correlation existing between economic status on the one hand, and the digital divide and e-government development on the other, this study finds that economic status is not a significant predictor of the digital divide or e-government development. Practical implications – The findings should help inform public policy makers when developing strategies to deal with issues of the digital divide and e-government development by encouraging analysis in a holistic and integrative way. Simply addressing the digital divide alone is unlikely to be sufficient to stimulate an increase in the uptake of e-government. Moreover, our model helps identify areas of strengths as well as weaknesses for improvement. Originality/value – The authors develop a multidimensional and integrative research model to study the digital divide and e-government development and the relationship between the two, and validate the model through systematically testing it with empirical data. This study is among the first to take such an approach.