Academic literature on the topic 'Economic aspects of Fish handling'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economic aspects of Fish handling"
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Pontón-Cevallos, José F., Stijn Bruneel, José R. Marín Jarrín, Jorge Ramírez-González, Jorge R. Bermúdez-Monsalve, and Peter L. M. Goethals. "Vulnerability and Decision-Making in Multispecies Fisheries: A Risk Assessment of Bacalao (Mycteroperca olfax) and Related Species in the Galapagos’ Handline Fishery." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 26, 2020): 6931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176931.
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Marine fish populations can be vulnerable to overfishing, as a response of their life history, ecology, and socio-economic aspects. Vulnerability assessments, in this regard, can be used to support fisheries decision-making by aiding species prioritization. Assessments like Productivity–Susceptibility Analyses are well suited for multispecies fisheries, with low gear selectivity and insufficient fishery-independent and dependent data. Using this method, we assessed local vulnerability of the Galapagos grouper (‘bacalao’; Mycteroperca olfax) and compared it with other phylogenetically-related species caught in the Galapagos’ handline-fishery. Bacalao is an overfished regionally endemic fish species, characterized by low resilience, high market and cultural value and high spatial overlap with the fishery. Our results suggested that bacalao is a species of high management priority, requiring urgent measures to prevent fisheries’ collapse. In addition, if current fishing pressure persists, other related species may become threatened in the near future. We also evaluated different management scenarios using this approach. Results suggested that the inclusion of additional no-take zones in the marine reserve, comprising key nursery habitats (such as mangroves) and spawning aggregation sites, would be necessary to reduce species vulnerability and to benefit other related species. Improving enforcement and fishers’ compliance are essential to guarantee the effectiveness of these measures.
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White, Julian. "Ciguatera fish poisoning—A review: Sanitary and economic aspects." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 92, no. 2 (March 1998): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90770-2.
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Quemeneur, F., and P. Jaouen. "Potentialities of Inorganic Membranes in Fish Processing Industries - Economic Aspects." Key Engineering Materials 61-62 (January 1992): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.61-62.585.
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Slabbert, J. L., W. S. G. Morgan, and A. Wood. "Microbiological Aspects of Fish Cultured in Wastewaters–The South African Experience." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0125.
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Health risks associated with the utilization of wastewater for fish production were studied by investigating the possible incorporation of pathogenic microorganisms into fillets of fish. Fish were cultured in cages in stabilization ponds at two municipal wastewater treatment facilities, and in a flow through and recirculating system receiving humus tank effluent. Water and fish were analysed for total and faecal coliforms, Salmonella and coliphages. Even though high numbers of faecal coliforms (2.0 x 105/100 ml) and coliphages (1.2 x 106/100 ml) were detected in the wastewater, and in some instances Salmonella were isolated, none of these microorganisms were found in fish fillet. Results of this study indicate that fillets of fish grown in such wastewater pond systems are microbiologically safe for human consumption, provided that simple precautions are maintained in food handling and processing, and that ponds are restricted to domestic wastes.
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Bocharova, Nadiia, Victor Popov, and Evheniia Tupytska. "Economic and legal aspects of transportation of cargo in Ukraine in the conditions of Euro integration." SHS Web of Conferences 67 (2019): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196703001.
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The article is devoted to the study of legal and economic relations that arise in the field of cargo transportation, in particular, their transshipment and legal grounds for its implementation. The article analyzes the legal nature of cargo handling in both the technological process and civil law services. It is determined that transshipment is a separate technological operation in the course of transportation and has its own basis for implementation, which serves as an agreement and therefore confirms and ensures the existence of a legal relationship between individual actors in economic turnover. The authors list the criteria for the economic efficiency of cargo handling, including delivery of cargo to the area where there are no certain types of transport; economic expediency of certain types of transport; and speeding up the delivery process. The European experience in using the cargo handling operation, the basis of the activity of logistic cents and the purpose of their functioning are analyzed. The statistical indicators of economic efficiency in the EU member countries are determined. The authors draw conclusions on the impact of European integration processes on the Ukrainian economy, in particular on the development of the logistics sector.
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Djamhur, Martini, M. Djanib Achmad, and Rian Hidayat. "Quality Analysis of Microbiological and Organoleptic of Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) with Boiling Treatment in Toniku, West Halmahera." Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 13, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.13.2.214-221.
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The quality of anchovy is very dependent on handling and processing, the stages of good anchovy handling are caught fish, washed with clean fresh water, drained fish, dried fish in the sun at 37-40oC, packaged fish and marketed fish. Good handling and processing will produce high quality anchovy. The research objectives were: To determine the quality of anchovy by microorganism and organoleptic tests. The research benefit is to obtain the quality of anchovy which is expected to have an economic effect on fishermen. This study used an exploratory method with direct sampling techniques on the results of catching anchovies on the boat chart fishing gear in Toniku, West Halmahera. The results showed the total density. The test results of microorganisms from 3 (three) samples, the highest TPC value in community anchovy samples (TM), the identification results obtained by three types of bacteria, namely Micrococus, Bacillus, and Stapylococus and organoleptic test results from 3 (three) samples. shows that the average value of the highest level of preference in samples of boiled anchovies with salt (TRG).
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Kozhukhovsky, Igor S., Evgeny G. Velichko, Yury C. Tselykovskiy, and Eduard S. Tshovrebov. "Organizational, economic and legal aspects of creating and developing technological complexes on recycling ash and slag waste in construction and other products." Vestnik MGSU, no. 6 (June 2019): 756–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.6.756-773.
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Introduction. The study gives a comprehensive estimation of alternate solutions of an actual significant domestic ecological and economic problem of handling large-tonnage industrial waste: environmental contamination as a result of growing volumes of ash and slag waste (ASW), usage of ecologically dangerous objects (dumps of ashes and slag), low level of involving processed ASW as a valuable secondary resource in economic circulation. Materials and methods. The domestic and foreign publications on the problems of ASW handling, on methods and technologies of using secondary resources from the recycled ASW for production of various construction and other goods, on manufacturing organisation were analysed. The system analysis of approaches, methods and ways of the solution of the scientific problem put in the study is chosen as a research method. Results. Priority areas of the handling ASW as useful secondary raw materials with the view of as much as technically possible, ecologically admissible and economically expedient involvement of such waste in economic circulation were generated. Methodological approaches to creation of the organisational, legal and economic mechanism of regulating the ASW handling were suggested. The following concepts were formulated: “raw materials from ashes and slag”, “«from ashes and slag”, “recycling of ash and slag waste”. A set of standardization documents and methodical materials necessary for development in the considered sphere is recommended. Measures of the state support, regulation and economic incentives on the ASW recycling into raw and materials and their efficient usage as the needed goods for modern demands of industrial branches and economy sectors. Conclusions. The scientific research novelty consists in offered by the authors the scientific approach to formation of fundamental strategic methodological principles of the handling ASW as valuable secondary raw materials in the scope of economic legal relations, practical solutions on the effective optimal resolution of the assigned actual ecological and economic problem on the Russian Federation national scale.
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Mária Jármai, Erzsébet, and Ildikó Zsupanekné Palányi. "Pedagogical Aspects of Voluntary School Work." Practice and Theory in Systems of Education 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ptse-2015-0003.
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AbstractThe economic importance of voluntary work has been exceedingly appreciated in the last few decades. This is not surprising at all, because it is highly profitable according to the related estimated data. There are 115,9 million people doing voluntary work only in Europe, which means that they would create the world's 7th biggest economy with EUR 282 billion value creation if they formed an individual state. The organizations know that voluntary work has several advantages apart from the economic benefits. It is profitable both for the society and for the individuals as well. Several researches have proven that voluntary work positively influences the development of the personality, because the key-competencies - such as: co-operation, empathy, solidarity, conflict handling, problem solving, etc. - expected in the labor market can be improved.
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Darmawi, Darlim, Jafrinur Jafrinur, Novirman Jamarun, Dwi Yuzaria, and Roni Pazla. "The Economic Analysis of Fish Farming Business due to the Intervention of Community Direct Aid in Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia." International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ijasc.3.2.57-61.2019.
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This study analyzes the existing fish farming economic aspects' due to Community Direct Aid (CDA) intervention in the fish production center in Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. The research methodology uses survey methods. The data collection tool uses a questionnaire survey, and data analysis uses descriptive analysis, mathematical analysis, and income analysis. As a result, the fish farming of catfish farmers can generate income in a total of Rp. 660,272.410,- with the ability to generate income in 511% and efficient in using production costs. The implications of government political policy intervention on farmers as the activator subject of the economic aspects of fish farming business raise six items (60%) have positive effects, and four items (40%) have adverse effects. In conclusion, the income of fish farming in conditions that can generate overall income. The impact of government policy intervention on farmers as the driving subject of aquaculture's economic aspects.
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Yulianto, Irfan, Budy Wiryawan, and Am Azbas Taurusman. "ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO REEF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN WEH ISLAND, NANGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 17, no. 2 (February 9, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.17.2.2011.53-61.
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Fisheries management has been traditionally governed to maximize economic benefit with little concern on its ecological impacts. Food and Agriculture Organization with its Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries has played an important role to a fundamental change in the new paradigm of fisheries management, which include ecosystem aspect. The Food and Agriculture Organization has mandated that every country in the world should use this approach. Weh Island is located in AcehProvince that has good coral reef condition and rich in reef fishes, therefore reef fishery is prominent. The objectives of this study are (1) to study the ecological status of reef fish, and (2) to formulate the priority areas as candidates of marine protected areas in Weh Island. Fish catch survey, underwater visual census, and focus group discussion were conducted to collect data. Data analysis used fish biomass, financial analysis, linear goal programming, and marxan analysis. Results of this study successfully identified eight fishing gears operated in Weh Island in artisanal reef fisheries. These fishing gears are gillnet, bottom gillnet, handline, muroami, trolline, speargun, longline, and purseseine. There were 84 species identified as high economic value species and were modelled in this study. Gillnet and bottom gillnet were identified as optimum fishing gears. I.e. Meulee, Anoi Itam, Iboih, Jaboi, and Klah Island were identified as priority areas.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic aspects of Fish handling"
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Kerin, Paul D. "A spatial economic analysis of the Eyre Peninsula grain handling and transportation system." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ECM/09ecmk39.pdf.
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Chang, Hung-hong Cavin, and 張雄康. "Evaluation on the cross-border transportation of port industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575436.
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Marufu, Madure. "Socio-economic importance, health and welfare aspects of donkeys (Equus asinus) used for carting in a peri-urban area of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1019781.
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The broad objective of the study was to determine the socio-economic importance, health and welfare aspects of donkeys used for carting in a peri-urban area. A survey was conducted among 71 donkey owners in Joza, a peri-urban area near Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) of South Africa to investigate their perceptions on socio-economic importance, health and welfare aspects of donkeys used for transport. Two hundred and seventy-one donkeys used for carting were assessed through direct observation of health and behaviour parameters to determine their welfare status. Results revealed that donkeys are indeed of immense value to people, being used daily (54.93%) for income generation activities and at least once per month (7.08%) for domestic chores. Most of the respondents (32%) earned R 600.00 per week while 11% earned at least R 200.00 per week from carting using donkeys. Donkeys were used for carting of goods (90.14%) more than for manure (16.9%). Gender and age of owners significantly (P < 0.05) influence perceptions on source of income while education level influenced their perceptions on carting firewood, goods and water. Results on management practices and health problems encountered by working donkeys showed that most of the owners managed their animals poorly. Most donkeys were being beaten (74.65%) during work, made to travel long distances (43.66%), worked long hours (52.11%) without adequate water (59.10%) and feed supplements (83.10%). Wounds (95.97%), coughing (75.65%) and lameness (64.79%) were some of the health problems encountered by donkeys. Significant relationships (P ˂ 0.05) were observed between owners’ perceptions on management practices and health problems encountered by donkeys. Among the observed animals, 61% were thin and mostly apathetic (26.2%) than medium and fat animals. Responses to observer approaches were significantly associated with sex and body condition score (BCS), with stallions in good body condition being more aggressive. Donkeys having a BCS of 3-5 avoided chin contact either by kicking out or moving away. Results further showed that most of the donkeys were suffering from external injuries, with the hindquarters (39.85%), shoulder (32.10%) and spine (21.77%) being the mostly affected areas. The prevalence of wounds on tail-base, belly, flank and neck were seen in less than 13% of the animals. The prevalence of wounds was influenced by age and BCS of the animals. Young donkeys with good BCS were less affected than old donkeys. Lameness, poor coat condition, external parasites, abnormal mucous membrane and dental problems were observed in less than 30% of the animals. It was concluded that donkeys play a pivotal role economically and socially to the livelihoods of people in a peri-urban area (Joza) in terms of income generation and transportation. However, these animals are experiencing multiple health and welfare problems. Therefore, more access to veterinary services, training on donkey use and management, health and welfare promotion programs are of paramount importance in solving the problem of poor health and welfare in donkeys.
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Lam, Kwok-hung Ken, and 林國雄. "Sustainable development and property rights: a case study of pond fish culture in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238750.
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Kinghorn, James Wolmarans. "The value of non-native fish species : a study of recreational angling in the Amathole district." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001456.
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Experience has shown that effective fisheries governance requires a sound understanding of fisheries as systems incorporating both ecological and human dimensions. The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries requires that the human components of these systems be considered when developing management and governance frameworks. While the potential for inland fisheries to contribute towards societal welfare and the development of rural livelihoods is becoming increasingly apparent, developing South African inland fisheries requires a careful consideration of both their positive and negative impacts, given that they revolve mainly around five of the world‟s top 100 invasive species. This thesis aimed to explore the value of inland recreational fisheries to rural livelihoods in the Amathole District of South Africa, to the regional economy, and to anglers themselves. Three methods were used to isolate this value. Economic impact analysis was used to estimate the combined total economic impact of the 2011 Divisional Tournament (n=31) and the 2012 Amatola Bass Classic (n=100) on the regional economy of the Amathole District, estimated to be R106 625. The travel cost method was applied to data from the 2012 Amatola Bass Classic in order to estimate the social welfare generated by this tournament. The Negative Binomial model, corrected for truncation and endogenous stratification, estimated this value at R 1 960 090. The sustainable livelihoods framework was used to conduct a broad-based analysis of the value of Amatola Wild Trout, the firm which constitutes the fishery surrounding the rural village of Cata. It was found that the fishery had been responsible for a modest pecuniary impact on the community of Cata within its first two years of establishment, although significant improvements in human capital were found to have resulted from the development of the fishery. These results provide insights into the economic dimension of fisheries in the Amathole District, and will prove useful when weighing up the positive and negative impacts of non-native fish species, particularly when informing decisions regarding their potential eradication.
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Gomna, Ahmed. "The role of traditional aquaculture systems and fish in food security and livelihoods of fishing communities in two states in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/118.
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This study has examined the role of traditional aquaculture systems and fish in food security and livelihoods of fishing communities in two states in Nigeria. The research focused on the productivity, sustainability and profitability of the aquaculture systems including social and economic conditions of farmers. The study also compared the relative importance of fish as a high quality protein source with meats in fishing communities in two states in Nigeria. Data were collected from 400 farmers with modern and traditional aquaculture systems in Niger and Lagos states using semi-structured questionnaires. Modern aquaculture consisted of small fish ponds with an average size of 0.1 ha. Liming was not widespread among farmers with fish ponds but fertilisation was done before stocking by applying fertilisers of both organic and inorganic origins. Farmers (90%) obtained their seeds from the hatcheries and the average stocking density was 5730 ha-1. Polyculture was widely practised by farmers and local feeds were used in feeding fish. Fish shelters and fish fences were the traditional aquaculture systems that were widely practised in two states in Nigeria and are poorly researched and recorded. Various materials were used in the construction of traditional aquaculture systems including branches, elephant grasses, worn out tyres, PVC pipes and clay pots and, were constructed in order to aggregate fish. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in yield of fish from fish parks and modern aquaculture systems. The study showed that fishermen prefer fishing in the vicinity of fish parks, tube shelters and fish fences because they make more catches around the installations. Cost–benefit analysis showed that traditional aquaculture systems are profitable because the level of investment required to set and maintain them is quite low compared to returns obtained from them. Fifty actively fishing and fifty non–fishing households in traditional fishing communities were randomly selected in Niger and Lagos states for fish consumption survey. A Simple scale was designed and given to each household to measure fish or meat entering the household for consumption. Intra household fish distribution and consumption was obtained by 24 hour recall method. A large number of fish species were consumed in the fishing communities confirming the relative abundance of the species in local rivers, floodplains and lagoons. Tilapia was the most consumed fish species contributing 19 and 32% by weight of the fish consumed in Niger and Lagos state, respectively. Beef was the most consumed meat followed by goat meat. The study reveals high preference for fresh fish and meat. Highest fish consumption occurred in March corresponding to period of lowest meat consumption. Traditional aquaculture systems and capture fisheries were the main sources of fish in the fishing communities contributing 85% by weight to fish consumed. Male heads of households consumed higher amount of fish than other members of the household. Average weight of fish consumed per person per day was 24 g. Fish contributed 77% to total animal protein in diet of the people and was eaten daily by fishermen thus confirming the importance of fish in the food security of fishing communities.
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Cheung, Yuet-ming Jacthey, and 張月明. "The socio-economics of pond-fish farming and its implications on future land use in and around Mai Po and Inner Deep Bay Ramsar Site." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254172.
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Mahieu, Alain. "Fish-farming in South Africa : a study of the market environment and the suitable species." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96760.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Emerging global trends towards sustainable development have placed emphasis on the need to create sustainable food value chains. Many food value chains are becoming weakened through their reliance on eco-systems that are deteriorating. Furthermore, while food systems are under threat, global food consumption is on the rise. The conundrum seems inescapable. Humanity’s food supply methods have moved on from hunter-gatherer characteristics apart from the exception of the fishing industry. The current generation may be the last to witness the wide-spread practice of fishing. Aquaculture, and in particular fish-farming, has begun to show much potential as a method of producing sustainable sources of protein. Whether this can be utilized in the South African context is a challenge that needs to be verified. This research, presented as two articles, explores the potential for the development of the fish-farming sector in South Africa, and recommends suitable species. Although there is some literature on how fish-farming may have a place in South Africa’s sustainability quest, it is scarce. This research aims to enhance the literature base on fish-farming in South Africa, as well as provide further evidence on what the true potential is for fish-farming in South Africa. This was done through a series of primary and secondary data collection methods that allow for a thorough analysis of fish-farming in South Africa and the species involved. The analysis revealed that the fish-farming sector and the cultivatable species in South Africa are met with an array of opportunities and challenges. Overcoming these challenges will open the doors to exploit the opportunities available.
AFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Opkomende globale tendense weerspieël dat dit noodsaaklik is dat klem gelê moet word op volhoubare ontwikkeling en dat dit van uitterste belang is om volhoubare voedsel waardekettings te skep. Verskeie voedsel waardekettings raak verswak deur hul afhanklikheid van eko-stelsels wat vernietig word. Verder, terwyl voedsel stelsels bedreig word, is globale verbruik van voedsel besig om te verhoog. Dié raaisel lyk onvermydelik. Mensdom se huidige voedselvoorraad metodes het aansienlik ontwikkel van dié van die jagter-versamelaars, met die uitsondering van die visbedryf. Die huidige generasie mag die laaste wees, wat die wyd verspreide praktyk van visvang beoefen, om daarvan te getuig. Akwakultuur, in besonder vis-boerdery, het begin om potensiaal te wys as 'n volhoubare bron in die vervaardiging van proteïen. Of dit in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks gebruik kan word, is 'n uitdaging wat geverifieer moet word. Hierdie navorsing, wat aangebied word as twee tydskrifartikels, ondersoek die potensiaal vir die ontwikkeling van vis-boerdery in Suid-Afrika, en beveel ook gepaste spesies aan. Alhoewel daar sommige artikels is oor hoe vis-boerdery kan in pas in Suid-Afrika se soeke na volhoubaarheid, is dit skaars te vinde. Die navorsing beoog om die literatuur basis van vis-boerdery in Suid-Afrika op te skerp, en ter selfde tyd verdere bewys te gee oor die ware potensiaal van vis-boerdery in Suid-Afrika. Dit was gedoen deur 'n reeks van primêre en sekondêre data-insameling metodes wat voorsiening maak vir 'n deeglike ontleding van visboerdery in Suid -Afrika en die spesies betrokke. Die ontleding het getoon dat die vis-boerdery bedryf en die aankweek spesies in Suid-Afrika verskeie geleenthede en uitdagings in die gesig staar. Oorwinning van hierdie uitdagings sal dit moontlik maak om die beskikbare geleenthede te ontgin.
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Kelly, Philip F. (Philip Francis). "Development as degradation : aquaculture, mangrove deforestation and entitlements in Batan, Philippines." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69616.
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This thesis examines pond aquaculture as a development strategy in the Philippines, with particular reference to its impact on the local environment and the livelihoods of local people.A theoretical framework is provided by recent literature in development studies and human geography, which attempts to move away from an essentialist and ethnocentric development praxis, and towards a locally-based, participatory process of empowerment. From the perspective of such 'alternative' development ideas, orthodox strategies involving modernization, formalization of economic activities, and resource mobilization, can be reassessed.
The promotion of pond aquaculture--and the widespread mangrove deforestation associated with it--is shown to be a strategy endorsed and supported by national and international development agencies. What is often overlooked, however, is the local ecological and economic importance of mangrove ecosystems. This study examines the effects of mangrove removal and fishpond development on the entitlements of people in three coastal communities in the Philippines. Aquacultural development is shown to have detrimental effects on the integrity of the coastal ecosystem and the livelihoods of certain groups of local residents; a rich common property resource is converted into a privately-owned system of cultivation. While benefits accrue to those with access to the capital necessary for the construction of fishponds, the costs of development are borne largely by mangrove gatherers and artisanal fisherfolk, whose share of a diminishing resource base is steadily declining. For these marginal groups, aquaculture is shown to provide few compensating economic benefits.
The study supports, through concrete local evidence, the criticisms made of orthodox approaches to development, and the need to construct attitudes and strategies which are more attuned to local sustainability and equity.
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Huchzermeyer, Carl Friedrich. "Fish and fisheries of Bangweulu wetlands, Zambia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003927.
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Bangweulu Wetlands is a 6000 km² public-private-partnership conservation area in northeastern Zambia, lying on the south-eastern margins of the Bangweulu Swamps, Congo River system. The area is important for wildlife conservation, tourism and as a fishing ground for the local inhabitants. This study provides a baseline of the fish and fisheries of this area. The conservation area is situated on the transition zone between woodland, floodplain and swamp. A total of 42 fish species representing 12 taxonomic families were collected. The fish fauna of the area was characterised by a diversity of small cyprinids (14 species), cichlids (9 species), clariid catfishes (4 species) and mormyrids (4 species). Species such as Clarias gariepinus, C. ngamensis, Marcusenius macrolepidotus, Tilapia rendali, T. sparrmanii and several small Barbus species were shared with adjacent floodplain systems such as the upper Zambezi and Kafue rivers. Fishing was undertaken by fishing groups consisting of a fisherman and his family, or a group of men fishing together. Access to the fishing grounds was controlled by traditional fishing leaders, who collected tribute from fishermen. Fishing groups utilised fixed, distinct fishing areas determined by ancestry. The most important time for fishing was during the drawdown phase of the floodplains, from March until June. During the dry season fewer groups were engaged in fishing, with many having returned to farming activities. The main fishing methods of the floodplain fishery were basket traps and mosquito-mesh funnel nets set into earth fish barriers (fish weirs) constructed on the plains, various mesh sizes of gillnets, hook longlines and seine nets. The use of fish spears, drag baskets and piscicides was of lesser importance. Most fishing gears were constructed of a variety of natural and modern, manufactured materials. The fishery was multi-species and 23 fish species were recorded from in catch. The three most important species in the catches were C. gariepinus, T. rendalli and M. macrolepidotus. Together these contributed 67% by weight to the catch. Catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for the different gears was 0.4 ± 0.3 kg.trap.night⁻¹ for basket traps, 2.7 ± 4.6 kg.net.night⁻¹ for funnel nets, 0.3 ± 0.5 kg.50 m net.night⁻¹ for gill nets, 3.5 ± 6.3 kg.100 hooks.night⁻¹ for longlines, 1.79 ± 1.11 kg.haul⁻¹ for mosquito-mesh seine nets and 6.87 ± 6.27 kg.haul⁻¹ for larger-mesh seine nets. The weight of average daily landings of fishing groups, using a variety of gears was 7.8 ± 7.4 kg. Fishermen were able to maintain the same catch rate between dry and wet seasons, with no significant differences (p < 0.05) in daily landings between seasons. Yield per fisherman for a seven month season, which required 2-3 relocations due to falling water level, was 1.64 t based on catch assessment, and 1.9 t from a socio-economic survey. A tentative yield per area estimate for the area was 2I7 kg.ha⁻¹ over the three month shallow-floodplain fishing season. Most fish landed in the fishery were processed into sundried or smoke-dried products. These were used for 1) home consumption, 2) trade with village farmers (from up to 70 km inland of the fishing grounds) in exchange for staple starch meal, and 3) sold to urban fish traders, reaching markets as distant as Lubumbashi in Democratic Republic of Congo. Fish traders toured fishing camps to buy fish, supporting auxiliary industries such as transport and accommodation services. The price for dried fish at source was 3.14 ± 1.34 USDlkg and the market price reported for the Zambian Copperbelt was 6.14 ± 2.54 USD/kg. Typical returns on investment in fish trading were estimated as 68-77%. The fishery was considered to be biologically and socially sustainable. By harvesting a seasonally transient assemblage of species with high productivity and biological turnover rates and with life histories adapted to high mortality, fishermen were able to maintain a stable and viable livelihood. Management recommendations for the area were that a fisheries management plan be developed that would seek to strengthen the traditional system of rights-allocation, address problems between fishing and tourism activities, and enhance communication between fisheries and conservation stakeholders. To do this it was recommended that: 1) conservation authorities recognise the importance of the fishery, 2) no changes to current effort levels and fishing methods were necessary, 3) points 1 and 2 above be used to improve communication and trust between conservation authorities and fishermen, 4) customary resource-access mechanisms be understood and strengthened so that local inhabitants' rights to the resource are protected, 5) fishermen help formulate and accept conservation and tourism rules, 6) tourists and guides be made aware of the function of the fishery, 7) a fisheries management forum of key community, government and conservation stakeholders be formed to shape and implement the fisheries management plan, 8) locally-adapted bylaws be created to legitimise crucial floodplain gears currently considered illegal (e.g. mosquito-net gears, fish weirs), 9) no intervention to formalise fish trading be made, and 10) a trained person with a fisheries background be hired oversee the implementation of the recommendations.
Books on the topic "Economic aspects of Fish handling"
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Smith, Perry. Price formation on the Sydney Fish Market. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 1998.
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Edwards, D. Economic aspects of small-scale fish canning. London: Tropical Development and Research Institute, 1985.
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Lisa, Mastny, and Worldwatch Institute, eds. Farming fish for the future. Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute, 2008.
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Keenum, Mark E. Economic analysis of farm-raised catfish production in Mississippi. Mississippi State: Mississippi Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station, 1988.
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Bruslé, Jacques. Ciguatera fish poisoning, a review: Sanitary and economic aspects. Paris: INSERM, 1997.
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Korelʹskiĭ, V. F. Fish, fishermen and fishing industry in Russia. Bremen: Krebs, 1992.
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Michael, Weber, Wieland Robert, and Center for Marine Conservation, eds. Fish, markets, and fishermen: The economics of overfishing. London: Earthscan, 1999.
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Shaw, Susan A. Marketing: A practical guide for fish farmers. Oxford: Fishing News Books, 1990.
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Ashraf, Muhammad. Economics of fish farming in Punjab. Edited by Haque Mazharul and Khan Muhammad Jameel. Lahore, Pakistan: Punjab Economic Research Institute, 1987.
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Bosc, Pierre. Introduction de la pisciculture artisanale à Mayotte: Éléments zootechniques et technico-économiques. [Etang salé, Réunion]: Association réunionnaise pour le développement de l'acquaculture, 1994.
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Moskovchuk, Vasyl. "Refractory Materials and Their Influence on The Ecological Situation in The Steel Industry - Ecological and Economic Aspects." In Approaches to Handling Environmental Problems in the Mining and Metallurgical Regions, 267–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1082-5_26.
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Hofmann, Michael, Markus Ganglbauer, Matthias Propst, Christian Wögerer, and Andreas Pichler. "Towards Human and Robot Collaborative Ergonomic Handling of Long Parts with a Loose Grip." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 249–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72632-4_18.
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AbstractThe concept of robots collaborating with humans has gained a lot of interest in the recent years. The pure use of the robot to follow the human’s actions involves several important components, which have to fullfil economic, ergonomic, safety and usability aspects. This paper presents a setup build with recent hardware and taking economic, safety and usability aspects into account. A concept is introduced how the ergonomics of a human worker is actively influenced by the system.
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Blakstad, F. "The economic aspects of land based versus ocean based Atlantic salmon farming." In Fish Farming Technology, 409–13. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077770-66.
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"Propagated Fish in Resource Management." In Propagated Fish in Resource Management, edited by THEODORE I. J. SMITH, WALLACE E. JENKINS, MICHAEL R. DENSON, and MARK R. COLLINS. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569698.ch5.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—The red drum <em>Sciaenops ocellatus </em>is a popular sport fish from the mid-Atlantic through the Gulf of Mexico. Historical data show that this species supported substantial commercial as well as recreational fisheries. On the Atlantic Coast, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) has designated this fish as “over-harvested” requiring all coastal states to implement fishery restrictions. Regulations from North Carolina to Florida range from one fish to five fish per day within a narrow slot length limit. Unlike many states, South Carolina (SC) has implemented a multifaceted management approach involving regular monitoring of subadults and adults, strict regulations, and evaluation of stocking red drum. To provide a fishery independent assessment of the population, an inshore monitoring program for subadults was begun in 1991, and in 1994, an offshore monitoring component focused on the adult segment of the population was added. This latter population segment is the focus of the ASMFC’s Fishery Management Plan. The first regulations in SC were established in 1986, and in 2001, regulations were amended for the seventh time to make them the strictest ever. In an effort to explore all management options, a research effort was initiated in 1988 to examine the potential for increasing abundance using stocked fish. Based on encouraging research findings, this program was expanded in 2002 to a statewide demonstration scale effort involving three estuarine systems. These systems were stocked with a total of 1.8 million marked fish in fall, 2002. Stocking project components integrate fishery dependent and independent sampling to assess biological implications and social and economic aspects are being added to provide a broad overview of impacts. Through this integrated approach of fishery and population monitoring, landings restrictions, and stocking of fish, it is hoped that red drum abundance can be increased more rapidly than by using traditional management techniques alone.
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Erçetin, Şefika Şule, Nihan Potas, Şuay Nilhan Açıkalın, Nedim Özdemir, and Abdullah Mesut Doğan. "Municipalities and Refugee Crisis." In Immigration and the Current Social, Political, and Economic Climate, 669–78. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6918-3.ch036.
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Truly, while some countries are still grappling with policy issues to do with acceptance of the refugees in their respective countries, Turkey has become a safe haven to many, a refugee. This has not only featured the ordinary aspects of food, shelter, drinking water, clothing but also services like education, health, social services and transport assistance. Even more crucially, Turkey has offered other aspects bordering on integration, rights and freedoms, representation, mainstreaming and identity which are critical to the asylum seekers. This makes them feel at home especially given that they may end up staying for a long time or even never return to their homes. Such a process requires multi-dimensional legal and administrative regulation but Turkey has always come up with its own localized version of legal settings to accommodate spontaneous issues. This is what has distinguished Turkey from all other countries in the world given its immeasurable, priceless and invaluable handling of asylum seekers.
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Vijayan, Ardhra, Gopalan Krishnan Sivaraman, Sivam Visnuvinayagam, and Mukteswar P. Mothadaka. "Role of Natural Additives on Quality and Shelf Life Extension of Fish and Fishery Products." In Food Additives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99436.
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Fish and fishery products have drawn greater attention due to their high nutritional value owing to the presence of cheap superior quality proteins, essential fatty acids, and macro and micronutrients. But higher water content, non- protein nitrogen, and post mortem pH (6–7) in fish favor rapid spoilage by autolysis or putrefaction, and can result in health risk as well as economic loss. Moreover, the quality of fish is affected by species, harvesting season, handling and method of processing. Thus, application of food additives become necessary to maintain the shelf life, nutritional content, texture and flavor of the raw material as well as processed products. Considerable research is being done on applications of natural additives after the emergence of the concept ‘Green consumerism’ which resulted in decreased consumer preference for using synthetic food additives. In this background, this chapter will review the natural additives used for quality maintenance and shelf life extension of fish and fishery products.
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Willem Hatulesila, Jan, and Gun Mardiatmoko. "Designation of Traditional Agroforestry Clusters for Handling Climate Change Based on the Sustainability Index in the Archipelago." In Agroforestry - Small Landholder’s Tool for Climate Change Resiliency and Mitigation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96016.
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Many people already understand that the impact of climate change is directly related to forestry, agroforestry, and agricultural crop production, as well as the preservation of biodiversity in small islands, which supports the local community’s economy by producing various types of plants. According to studies, the dynamics of climate change directly impact the availability of food and island communities’ readiness to maintain local economic resources. Therefore, agroforestry clusters can be determined based on the agroecological conditions directly related to the distribution of plant species, such as their ecological, conservation, landscape, and economic aspects. Furthermore, the area of land and the composition of the types of agricultural crops grown were taken into account based on the form of cluster analysis variables, in the villages on the small island of Maluku, which are only in the good (average sustainability index score is 89.2) and moderate (average sustainability index score 69.7) categories. Agroforestry also contributes to climate change mitigation and adaptation, therefore, to determine the magnitude of the contribution of agroforestry in absorbing carbon, it is necessary to measure biomass using non-destructive and destructive methods.
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"Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation." In Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation, edited by Jeffery S. Terhune and Benjamin H. Beck. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874400.ch28.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Disease issues relevant to black bass populations arise from infectious as well as noninfectious etiologies. While disease outbreaks can occur via direct means, as is the case with primary pathogens, mortality events can also be linked to factors that disrupt the delicate balance between the environment, host, and pathogen. Indeed, black bass are found in a variety of geographies and habitats, and irrespective of their locale, fish are subject to environmental fluctuations, such as changes in dissolved oxygen, temperature, and water quality, as well as physical affronts, such as handling and confinement. These and other associated stressors can disrupt homeostasis and result in physiologic perturbations that are central to the pathophysiology of disease in black bass. Many pathogens that affect black bass are ubiquitous and opportunistic and commonly have limited impacts on populations as a whole unless a degradation of environmental conditions occurs that predispose fish to disease or exacerbate disease development. Examples include common aquatic bacterial pathogens (e.g., <em>Aeromonas</em> sp. and <em>Flavobacterium columnare</em>) and fungal and parasitic infestations, especially commensal protozoan parasites. In recent years, viral pathogens have been linked to large-scale fish mortalities in extensive, natural habitats as well as managed recreational impoundments. The underlying mechanisms behind these outbreaks remain largely undefined, yet significant concerns regarding biosecurity practices have surfaced due to the tremendous economic impacts that black bass fisheries support. Additionally, some grossly obvious phenotypic alterations of unknown etiologies (e.g., neoplasms and hyperpigmentation) may be indicative of environmental concerns that warrant further exploration.
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Hilborn, Ray, and Ulrike Hilborn. "Fisheries Sustainability." In Ocean Recovery, 13–25. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198839767.003.0002.
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Fisheries Sustainability. Sustainability is defined as the ability of a socio-ecological system to continue to produce benefits to humans, and it has three distinct elements: biological, social, and economic. The key to biological sustainability is keeping fishing pressure at or below the level that will provide maximum long-term yield. This requires a scientific program to determine that level and a management system that can effectively regulate fishing pressure. Social and economic sustainability depend not only on biological sustainability, but also on other aspects such as who gets to fish and how the catch is allocated among different users.
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Maldonado-Macías, Aide Aracely, María del Rocío Camacho-Alamilla, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Juan Luis Hernández-Arellano. "A Descriptive Study About Burnout Syndrome and Obesity in Senior and Middle Managers." In Strategic Human Capital Development and Management in Emerging Economies, 219–49. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1974-4.ch010.
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Burnout syndrome (BS) and obesity have a high economic impact on different fields. This chapter presents a descriptive study of both conditions among middle and senior managers in the maquiladora industry of Ciudad Juarez. The Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey- was administered to six companies. A sample of 361 participants informed their weight and height. Five levels of Burnout were obtained. Obesity was studied according to the World Health Organization criteria. Results found that 29.8% is exempt from BS, 10.5% has low level, 12.9% has a middle level, 28.2% a fairly level and 18.5% an extreme level of BS. In addition, 34% of the sample suffers from some degree of obesity. Work psychosocial aspects and their effects on human capital development in the industrial sector are not sufficiently studied in developing countries so that to develop strategies for the prevention and effective handling of both BS and obesity.
Conference papers on the topic "Economic aspects of Fish handling"
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Dreimanis, Karlis, Zane Indzere, Dagnija Blumberga, and Vaida Šerevičienė. "Multicriteria Evaluaton of Efficiency in Fish Processing." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.729.
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EU countries have agreed on GREEN DEAL and have committed to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Very important role for achieving the goal is playing production and manufacturing industry. This article is devoted to fish production industry, which is as subdivision of food production industry. During past decades the amount of fish caught has increased multiple times. Fishing industry nowadays is being strongly regulated and monitored by various institutions including. Which sets environmental legislation for controlling and improving industries impact (energy efficiency, pollution, waste) on the habitat and environment. For EU to make right decisions on how the member states could develop their fish production industry, it is necessary to have overall evaluation which includes the development opportunities. The efficiency of the fish production company characterizes the amount of resources used, as well as energy efficiency, water usage, the possibility to implement of circular economy, and other criteria which must be evaluated from the perspective if environmental, engineering, economic and social aspects. The fish production company analysis in this article are analysed using Data envelopement analysis (DEA) multicriteria analysis. First results show that fish manufacturers must pay attention to the technological processes in order to move towards carbon neutral society.
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Pal, Saptarshi, and Chengi Kuo. "Feasibility of Repurposing Offshore Decommissioned Gas Rigs into Fish Farms." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205446-ms.
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Abstract In the past 70 years the world has relied extensively for its energy needs based on hydrocarbons produced significantly offshore. In recent years many installations with fixed platforms and pipelines are reaching the end of their useful life and are required by law to be decommissioned and removed if an approved alternative use cannot be found. This process coincides with focus on decarbonization arising from global warming and climate change. The conventional way of decommissioning is to remove the structure and take it onshore for disposal. Such an activity costs around £28 million for smaller UKCS installations in the Southern North Sea. Possible alternative solutions include their use as a research-leisure complex and artificial reef. Such an approach would have less impact on the environment and it is therefore worthwhile to explore the feasibility of repurposing these decommissioned UKCS platforms. The paper begins by highlighting the background to UKCS offshore decommissioning and farming fish life-cycle. This is followed by a critical review of the three options of total and partial removals and leave-on-site. It is found that repurposing decommissioned platforms for aquaculture farm has not been given sufficient attention and thus offers scope for a project to explore the feasibility of such a solution. Existing offshore fish farming in various countries are examined before using a decision-making matrix to select the most suitable UKCS installation for conversion and this led to using a normally unattended gas platform for the case study. The focus for this paper is on design and operation of an unattended fish farm and its cost benefit analysis. The former covers fish cage selection, capacity calculation, fish handling procedures, fish feed characteristics, feed demand, designing feed logistics and storage system. The processing facilities are layout on two decks and power needs are generated using a hybrid system of diesel and Li-ion battery. The possibility of using renewable sources by connecting to wind energy grids was also considered. For the latter capital and operating expenditure, revenue generated and maintenance costs are estimated before performing net present value prediction of the profitability of the fish farm over 10 years with for example up to 8 cages and three discount rates. The main conclusions derived are: It is technically feasible to convert a decommissioned gas platform to a fish farm and the operation can be economic. However, liability transfer implications in a repurposed offshore decommissioned gas platforms to fish farms were not established to verify the project viability. The conversion of unattended offshore gas platforms in the UKCS to an automated offshore fish farm is a novel solution which has not been implemented in the North Sea before. The work will provide an economic and environmental friendly solution to decommissioning offshore platforms and provide with a possible profitable investment.
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Horváth, Imre. "A Workbench Architecture for Object Oriented Handling of Features." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/cie-1326.
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Abstract This paper is devoted primarily to the presentation and discussion of a novel architecture, called workbench, that facilitates application of system independent feature objects in various stages of mechanical design process. The motivation behind the development of this non-traditional architecture for advanced CAD/CAE systems lies in the necessity to (a) separate application oriented feature entities from the geometric modeling kernel, (b) increase the level of integration of functioning modules by supporting parallel processing and intercommunication, finally, (c) extend the scope of near-future systems to conceptual design in order to increase their influence on the technical and economic value of products. First, the paper gives an overview on the related research. Then, it presents the workbench architecture that consists of four main fundamental modules that are integrated, simultaneously active, and communicating. The library manager taxonomically classifies, retrieves and activates the existing feature-objects. The libraries of feature-objects contain generic entities for procedural modeling in conceptual design, shape design, manufacturing process planning, assembly planning, or other applications. The pool is an intermittent store of feature-instances that have been produced by procedural modeling based on the feature-object programs. The workspace provides graphical interactive tools for manipulation and positioning of, and composition with feature-instance geometries. The paper also discusses some implementation aspects.
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Vågnes, David, Thiago Gabriel Monteiro, Karl Henning Halse, and Hans Petter Hildre. "Low-Height Lifting System for Offshore Wind Turbine Installation: Modelling and Hydrodynamic Response Analysis Using the Commercial Simulation Tool SIMA." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-19183.
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Abstract With the increasing demand for renewable energy sources in the past years, the interest in expanding the use of wind energy has grown. The next frontier in this expansion process is the use of floating wind turbines offshore. One of the main factors dictating the economic feasibility of such wind turbines is the complexity of their installation process. The dimensions of modern offshore wind turbines, the distance from the installation sites to the coast and demanding environmental factors all contribute to the difficult of developing an efficient installation concept for this kind of structures. In this work, we present a new concept for a catamaran vessel capable of handling the deployment of offshore wind turbines on floating spar platforms using a low-height lifting system that connects to the lower end of the wind turbine. The low-height lifting system is controlled by an active heave compensation system and constant tension tugger wires attached to the turbine mid-section are used to ensure the balance of the tower during the installation process. We conducted a series of hydrodynamic analysis using the software suit SIMA to study the dynamic response of the proposed system under different weather conditions and different operational layouts. This preliminary concept was proven feasible from a hydrodynamic point of view and can now be pushed forward for further studies regarding other aspects of the operation, such as impact and structural loads and mechanical design of components.
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Forman, Keith. "Aluminum Stainless Steel Conductor Technology: Current Adoption by North American Transit Authorities." In 2021 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2021-58498.
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Abstract Since the early years of railway electrification, 3rd rail conductors have evolved from steel to aluminum/steel composite to aluminum/stainless steel composition. Aluminum stainless steel (ALSS) conductors are currently in use in approximately 75% of the nearly 20,000 km of 3rd rail systems worldwide and continue to gain acceptance by North American transit authorities. Electrical efficiency improvement with ALSS ranges from 1.6 to 2.5 times that of steel aluminum and steel rails. At 33% of the weight of steel rail and 60% of aluminum-steel composite rail, ALSS offers considerable costs-savings in freight, handling, and installation. Though electrical efficiency and light weight are among the more widely known benefits of ALSS 3rd rail, durability has significantly improved since the introduction of ALSS technology in the late 20th Century. The implementation of signaling technologies such as CBTC has enabled increased train throughput; however the lack of necessary available power (voltage) to support these headways can be a limiting factor to capacity improvements. Upgrading legacy 3rd rail to ALSS is a cost-effective means of increasing available power with minimal disruption. Drop-in replacement profiles of ALSS 3rd rail have been developed for several common legacy profiles to include 150lb steel and 85C, facilitating replacement of existing 3rd rail. This paper examines the technical and economic aspects of aluminum/stainless steel 3rd rail and its adoption by several North American transit authorities. The author explains the characteristics, benefits and limitations of aluminum stainless steel 3rd rail with comparisons to legacy steel and steel-aluminum power rails.
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Favi, Claudio, Michele Germani, Marco Mandolini, and Marco Marconi. "Disassembly Knowledge Classification and Potential Application: A Preliminary Analysis on a Washing Machine." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59514.
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Circular economy is largely recognized as the univocal economic model that guarantees a long-term sustainability, decoupling the economic growth and the finite resources consumption. As a prerequisite, it requires to realize product closed-loop lifecycles. However, the management of the EoL phase during the design process is a complex task, due to the fact that it is the most far away phase, in terms of time, from the moment of the product conception. For this reason, usually, manufacturers and EoL stakeholders do not actively collaborate in optimizing the product lifecycle performances. This paper wants to overcome this lack proposing a method to formalize, collect and classify the EoL knowledge. The main outcome is a structured database containing positive and negative knowledge about best practices and disassembly problems faced during dismantling activities. The knowledge classification rules are based both on product characteristics (e.g. product families, target components, assembly methods, etc.) and on other more general aspects (e.g. motivations of the disassembly, handling difficulties, etc.). Through the sharing of this knowledge, the gap between design departments and EoL stakeholders can be reduced with the aim to improve EoL performances and the overall resource efficiency. This work is focused on an out-of-service washing machine case study. The product has been manually disassembled by expert operators, observing and rating the significant problems. Their interpretation has allowed to create a set of specific design guidelines, organized according to the defined rules. The classified knowledge has been used by non-expert designers (undergraduate students) as a tool to guide the re-design activities. Different design solutions (e.g. homogenization of screws, reduction of component number, etc.) have been implemented to configure a new washing machine version, improved from the disassemblability point of view. The obtained results have confirmed the usefulness of the disassembly knowledge sharing in supporting Design for EoL activities and, furthermore, in non-skilled operators training. In conclusion, this research work contributes to the state of the art linking stakeholders involved in the Beginning of Life (BoL) with stakeholders responsible of the EoL management. Furthermore, the proposed work leads to relevant improvements in product lifecycle performances. The proposed knowledge database represents the needed resource to effectively extend the producer responsibility and to close the current gap between manufacturers and dismantlers.
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Ribeiro, Paulo R., and Otto L. A. Santos. "Well Control Research and Development." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84032.
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Well control has been an inexhaustible source of research/development/innovation for the past four decades due to its impact in oil and gas exploration and production. Such an importance is based on three pillars: i) human safety, ii) environmental protection, and iii) economic issues. Macondo incident has proved that continuing development of the subject is an issue to be tackled by oil companies to preserve and also rebuild their image to society. One of the most important aspects of well control is the development of kick simulators capable of handling increasing complexity of well geometry (diameters and trajectory), drilling fluids (synthetic drilling fluid), well location (land and offshore) and wellbore conditions (increasing pressure and temperature severity with depth). Such simulators have the following missions: i) to help the drilling engineer to make decisions during well control procedures and kick situations, ii) to provide personnel training and certification and iii) to guarantee a better understanding and interpretation of field observations. The main objectives of the present work are three-fold: i) to present an overview of the evolution of kick modeling and simulation over the years, ii) to focus on the R&D efforts of the joint work of academia and industry to build a well control model to handle deep and ultra-deepwater drilling challenges and iii) to present a software based on that model to assist drilling engineers during well control operations. Experimental data has been based on PVT measurements of gas and synthetic drilling fluid mixtures under HPHT conditions. Phase behavior modeling has proved to be a very important issue to be taken into account in the two-phase flow model that represents the kick circulation process. The current work presents the results of the interaction of experimental lab work and numerical modeling to develop a kick simulator to handle complex drilling scenarios to assist drilling personnel in well control operations.