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Luque Martínez, Teodoro, Luis Doña Toledo, and Nina Faraoni. "Auditing Marketing and the Use of Social Media at Ski Resorts." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 20, 2019): 2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102868.
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Mountain and snow tourism are sectors of immense social and economic importance that are developed in an especially sensitive environmental context. A large part of this tourism is channeled through ski resorts. The literature on comparative studies of ski-resort management and, in particular, on marketing management, is limited. This study contributes knowledge on the application of marketing practiced at ski resorts. For the first time, an audit of marketing at ski resorts is performed through a quantitative survey at resorts in two countries (Spain and Italy). The importance–performance analysis (IPA) is used, which identifies both the strong and the weak points and the great deficits of marketing management at ski resorts from the perspective of their directors, to whom the questionnaire was addressed. The social media usage of the ski-stations is also analyzed, identifying different typologies of resorts in accordance with their performance against 11 indicators from Twitter and 15 from Facebook. Knowing the opinion of the visitors, the online and competitive strategy, and adapting to the legislative changes are the aspects to which the directors attach greater importance. The greatest deficits were linked to employee motivation and communication (internal and non-integrated). There are minor differences in Twitter and Facebook indicators between Spanish and Italian ski resorts. The turnover results of the ski resorts present more correlation with Facebook indicators than with Twitter ones. This analysis provides recommendations and implications for the management of ski resorts in the six dimensions of marketing under consideration. It, likewise, offers knowledge of the social-media-related behavior of resorts that are leaders on both Twitter and Facebook, for benchmarking purposes.
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Zhukov, Alexey D., Karapet A. Ter-Zakaryan, Ekaterina Yu Bobrova, and Anaton S. Pilipenko. "Insulation Sheath Materials for Cold Preservation." Materials Science Forum 974 (December 2019): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.974.452.
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The article studies one of the aspects of the heat-insulating multifunctional shells use - the cold preservation. Such task is relevant for cold storages, workshops and warehouses, in which low temperatures constant maintenance is necessary, for sports facilities (for example, ice rinks and ski facilities). In all cases of application, the main goal is to achieve the economic efficiency, which is expressed in functional results (preservation of the material that breaks down at positive temperatures) and in energy savings. The use of polyethylene-based shells, which are connected by a lock joint, is substantiated. The experimental studies results of the material given in the article shows that in terms of resistance to low and alternating temperatures, operational durability, tensile strength and water absorption, this material and insulating shells based on it are quite applicable for insulation of cold-saving objects. The experience of using heat, vapor and moisture insulating shells based on polyethylene foam with the equipment of frameless and frame structures, sports facilities, as well as for the preservation of snow at ski resorts is also provided in the article.
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Gianfredi, Vincenza, Nicole Sibilla Mauer, Leandro Gentile, Matteo Riccò, Anna Odone, and Carlo Signorelli. "COVID-19 and Recreational Skiing: Results of a Rapid Systematic Review and Possible Preventive Measures." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084349.
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COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease which has rapidly spread around the globe, disrupting several aspects of public life over the past year. After numerous infection clusters emerged among travelers hosted in ski resorts in early 2020, several European countries closed ski areas. These measures were mostly upheld throughout the 2020 and 2021 winter season, generating significant economic loss for mountain communities. The aim of this rapid systematic review was to explore the association between recreational skiing and the spread of COVID-19. This review was conducted according to the WHO practical guidelines on rapid reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, MedRxiv and Promed-mail were screened to identify relevant scientific and grey literature published since the emergence of COVID-19. Among the 11 articles included, seven focused on cases recorded during the first epidemic wave, when COVID-19 containment measures were not yet mandatory. Most infection clusters could be directly linked to public gatherings which took place without the enforcement of restrictions. There is currently no evidence to suggest an association between COVID-19 spread and recreational skiing. It may be reasonable to consider the reopening of ski areas in compliance with strict rules and preventive measures.
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Moreno-Gené, Jordi, Laura Sánchez-Pulido, Eduard Cristobal-Fransi, and Natalia Daries. "The Economic Sustainability of Snow Tourism: The Case of Ski Resorts in Austria, France, and Italy." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093012.
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The purpose of this article is to analyse whether ski resorts in Europe are economically viable. Data originates from the financial statements of the 61 largest ski lift operators in Austria, France, and Italy. Descriptive statistics reveal that these operators are characterized by positive and relatively high returns, and by having little debt in general terms. The results show that the most economically profitable ski operators are also the largest. The elevation of the ski area is not relevant. Ski lift operators in Austria have a higher profitability than those in France and Italy. Overall, larger ski resorts are better prepared for the future investment needed to adapt to the new conditions in the industry, such as climate variability.
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An, Hongmin, Cunde Xiao, and Minghu Ding. "The Spatial Pattern of Ski Areas and Its Driving Factors in China: A Strategy for Healthy Development of the Ski Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (June 4, 2019): 3138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113138.
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The development of ski areas would bring socio-economic benefits to mountain regions. At present, the ski industry in China is developing rapidly, and the number of ski areas is increasing dramatically. However, the understanding of the spatial pattern and driving factors for these ski areas is limited. This study collected detailed data about ski areas and their surrounding natural and economic factors in China. Criteria for classification of ski areas were proposed, and a total of 589 alpine ski areas in China were classified into three types: ski resorts for vacationing (va-ski resorts), ski areas for learning (le-ski areas) and ski parks to experience skiing (ex-ski parks), with proportions of 2.1%, 15.4% and 82.5%, respectively, which indicated that the Chinese ski industry was still dominated by small-sized ski areas. The overall spatial patterns of ski areas were clustered with a nearest neighbor indicator (NNI) of 0.424, in which ex-ski parks and le-ski areas exhibited clustered distributions with NNIs of 0.44 and 0.51, respectively, and va-ski resorts were randomly distributed with an NNI of 1.04. The theory and method of spatial autocorrelation were first used to analyze the spatial pattern and driving factors of ski areas. The results showed that ski areas in cities had a positive spatial autocorrelation with a Moran’s index value of 0.25. The results of Local Indications of Spatial Association (LISA) showed that ski areas were mainly concentrated in 3 regions: the Beijing-centered Yanshan-Taihang Mountains and Shandong Hill areas, the Harbin-centered Changbai Mountain areas and the Urumqi-centered Tianshan-Altay Mountain areas. The first location was mainly driven by socio-economic factors, and the latter two locations were mainly driven by natural factors. Ski tourism in China still faces many challenges. The government sector should strengthen supervision, develop a ski industry alliance, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the ski industry in the future.
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Sánchez Pulido, Laura, Natalia Daries Ramón, and Eduard Cristóbal Fransi. "Sostenibilidad económica y situación financiera de las estaciones de esquí alpino del Pirineo catalán." Intangible Capital 12, no. 5 (November 17, 2016): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/ic.823.
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Purpose: The present work seeks analyze the profitability and the financial situation of the main Catalan alpine ski resorts, with the objective to check if these are sustainable from an economic point of view, taking into account the external factors that affect him.Design/methodology: With the objective to carry out the study of profitability and financial situation, we obtained the financial states of the main Alpine ski resorts of the Catalan Pyrenees: Baqueira-Beret, Masella, Boí Taüll, Vallter 2000, La Molina, Vall de Núria and Espot Ski-Port Ainé, for the periods comprised between 2011-2015 and we proceeded to apply a series of economical and structural ratios with the purpose of establish a diagnostic on his situation.Findings: The results show that the Baqueira-Beret and Masella resorts are the only that obtain profits, whereas the rest of resorts obtain losses in all the periods analyzed. With regard to the financial situation, the results reveal that the level of indebtedness of the resorts is, in general reduced, arriving to the conclusion that the majority of them are not sustainable from a strictly economic point of view.Research limitations/implications: The main limitations of this work are on the one hand that the conclusions are obtained from a period of analysis of five years (2011-2015), and the second, they are circumscribed to a determinate region.Practical implications: The results of this work can help to take decisions so much to the ski resorts managers as to the public administrators for implementing strategies to achieve diversify the offer and improve the results.Social implications: Nowadays the majority of the ski resorts have been rescued or purchased by the Administration. We can deduce that it keeps by the incomes that generate his existence. That is to say, by the positive externalities that generates in the territory where they are situate.Originality/value: The present research focuses in the financial study of a little studied sector as they are the ski resorts and the snow tourism with the enormous importance that has in the economy of the region and in the territorial development. The agents interested are so much the public administrations like the managers of this type of firms.
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Joly, Marcello, and Elena Irina Ungureanu. "Global warming and skiing: analysis of the future of skiing in the Aosta valley." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 10, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-12-2017-0077.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of global warming and climate change on skiing by assessing the costs that ski resorts would have to bear to address the lack of snow. In this way, new development models can be hypothesized for the regional economy in the Aosta Valley, territory located in the West Alps, whose economy is largely based on winter tourism. Design/methodology/approach Starting with a literature review regarding global warming and its effects on the Alps, a methodology of analysis has been implemented to assess the relative weaknesses of ski resorts. Additional costs in adaptation strategies have been considered in the light of a major choice ski resorts must face: investing or not. For this analysis, four scenarios of global warming have been taken into consideration. Findings The lack of snow due to a rise in temperatures will have a big impact on regional ski resorts and will seriously threaten the economy of small lateral valleys. In this scenario, it is important to think about reorganizing the regional ski supply by focusing on stations with better economic results and those strategically well located. In this way, we can safeguard winter tourism in the region and preserve skiing by concentrating costs only in those resorts that are also able to bear new cost adaptation strategies. Originality/value The value of this paper is its estimation of the future impact of a rise in the average temperature in regional ski resorts. This impact is assessed in relation to concerns about the reduction of the skiing area and the new costs that ski companies will need to bear. The paper also proposes a new model for the reorganization of the ski supply in the Aosta Valley.
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Komarov, Anton Y., Yury G. Seliverstov, Tatyana G. Glazovskaya, and Alla S. Turchaninova. "Risk assessment in the North Caucasus ski resorts." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 10 (October 7, 2016): 2227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2227-2016.
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Abstract. Avalanches pose a significant problem in most mountain regions of Russia. The constant growth of economic activity, and therefore the increased avalanche hazard, in the North Caucasus region lead to demand for the development of large-scale avalanche risk assessment methods. Such methods are needed for the determination of appropriate avalanche protection measures as well as for economic assessments.The requirement of natural hazard risk assessments is determined by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation (Federal Law 21.12.1994 N 68-FZ, 2016). However, Russian guidelines (SNIP 11-02-96, 2013; SNIP 22-02-2003, 2012) are not clearly presented concerning avalanche risk assessment calculations. Thus, we discuss these problems by presenting a new avalanche risk assessment approach, with the example of developing but poorly researched ski resort areas. The suggested method includes the formulas to calculate collective and individual avalanche risk. The results of risk analysis are shown in quantitative data that can be used to determine levels of avalanche risk (appropriate, acceptable and inappropriate) and to suggest methods to decrease the individual risk to an acceptable level or better. The analysis makes it possible to compare risk quantitative data obtained from different regions, analyze them and evaluate the economic feasibility of protection measures.
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Ristic, Ratko, Nevena Vasiljevic, Boris Radic, and Sandra Radivojevic. "Degradation of landscape in Serbian ski resorts-aspects of scale and transfer of impacts." Spatium, no. 20 (2009): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0920049r.
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The environmental impacts in Serbian ski resorts (Kopaonik, Zlatibor, Stara planina, Divcibare) are very strong, leading to degradation of unique mountain landscape, and functionality losses. Processes of urbanization, construction or improvement works, cause hard degradation of topsoil and native vegetation. The logging, large excavation activities, erosion, noise and water pollution constantly impact the habitats of all animal and plant species residing in small areas. The process leads to severe fragmentation of the remaining old-growth forests, endangering future subsistence. Consequences of mismanagement in ski areas are noticeable in downstream sections of river beds, causing floods and bed-load deposition, with high concentration of pollutants, in reservoirs for water supply. Legal nature-protection standards are weakly implemented in regional ski areas. Effective protection of landscape in Serbian ski-areas is based on careful considerations of impact assessment at all levels of planning (spatial and urban planning) and designing activities, which enables application of restoration concept, in accordance with general goals of environmental protection (preserving biodiversity, CO2 sequestration, attenuation of effects of global climate changes).
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HEO, Jaewan, and Seungmin NAM. "Accessing the Economic Value of Natural Snows in Ski Resort Using Contingent Valuation Method." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 12, no. 3 (June 6, 2021): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.12.3(51).16.
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The purposes of this study are to estimate an individual’s probability of willingness to pay tax for preservation of the snows ski resorts in South Korea by using the CVM; and to present the effects of 4Es of the Experience economy theory in the experience economy theory. Truncated mean WTP indicates that the economic value of the natural snows of ski resort in Korea is 172 won (about 17 U.S cents) per household, which is a preservation value. Hence, in the practical perspective, policy makers are able to determine whether they should consistently develop and invest on the preparing for the climate change in the ski resort or not.
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Warne, Maria, Kristina Sinadinovic, Anne H. Berman, Håkan Källmén, and Stig Vinberg. "Risky consumption of alcohol and drugs among employees at ski resorts." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 34, no. 3 (May 16, 2017): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072517707879.
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Aim: To evaluate risky consumption of alcohol and drugs among Swedish men and women who are employed at ski resorts. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 611 employees in 48 small and medium-sized enterprises responded to a questionnaire covering alcohol and drug use, social aspects around work and working conditions. Consumption of alcohol and drugs in the study sample was compared to population data. Data were analysed using Mann–Whitney U-tests and logistic regression analyses. Results: Compared to the general population, the study group of ski resort employees had higher scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in all age groups except 35+ for men. Regarding the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) scores, only men in the 18–24 age group had higher scores compared to the general population. The prevalence of risky alcohol and drug use was higher among seasonally employed individuals; 82.9%, compared to 58.0% among other employees for alcohol; 8.3% compared to 2.8% for drugs. The regression analysis indicated that social aspects such as living together with colleagues and having co-workers/friends who are frequently inebriated were the most significant explanatory variables for explaining risk consumption of alcohol ( OR 16.82 and OR 4.33). Risky use of drugs was associated with being younger ( OR 0.15) and male ( OR 0.86), as well as with having co-workers/friends who are frequently inebriated ( OR 4.25). Conclusions: The study showed a high prevalence of risky alcohol consumption among ski resort employees compared to the general population, with higher risky drug consumption found only among younger men. Social aspects such as living with colleagues and having co-workers or friends who are often inebriated, were identified as important explanatory factors. Preventive measures should be introduced, targeting norms and work culture surrounding alcohol and drug use among ski resort employees.
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Hibner, Joanna. "Wpływ doświadczenia na motywy uprawiania narciarstwa na przykładzie tatrzańskich ośrodków narciarskich: Kasprowy Wierch (Polska) i Tatrzańska Łomnica (Słowacja)." Prace Geograficzne, no. 161 (2020): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20833113pg.20.006.12548.
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Impact of experience on the motives of skiers on the example of Tatra ski resorts: Kasprowy Wierch (Poland) and Tatrzańska Łomnica (Slovakia) Both the motivation and the experience of tourists depend on psychological processes, being very individual for each person. They are closely related with each other and, also, they are affected by each other in many aspects. The aim of this article is to characterize the relationship between the motivation and the past mountain and ski experience of respondents from two Tatra ski resorts: Kasprowy Wierch (Poland) and Tatrzańska Łomnica (Slovakia). In order to gain information about the motivation and experience of tourists a survey using the PAPI technique was conducted during the winter seasons 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. A total of 404 questionnaires was collected (Kasprowy Wierch – 197; Tatrzańska Łomnica – 207). The results confirm that tourists’ motivation as well as their past mountain and ski experience are dependent on each other. Past experience and tourist motivation are both affected by other factors, including the type of activity or the frequency of visits. The research also shows that especially the past mountain experience affects many other variables including tourist motivation.
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Tsuyuzaki, Shiro. "Environmental Deterioration Resulting from Ski-resort Construction in Japan." Environmental Conservation 21, no. 2 (1994): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900024541.
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Ski slopes are commonly established following clearcutting of areas of well-developed forests, scraping off the surface soil, and seeding the entire ground-surface, as forests widely remain in mountainous regions where skiing is developed in Japan. The ski slopes are then sown with seeds of exotic plants in an attempt to prevent soil erosion. However, many bare areas remain, or develop, on ski slopes. Due to this landscape fragmentation, not only deterioration of Nature but also environmental problems develop, including those of water, garbage, and traffic, pollution.The ski-resort concentration occurs mainly in regions of high-quality landscape around urbanized areas, and derives mostly from economic benefits. Yet any regulation of ski-resort construction has unfortunately been delayed. Areas where ski-resorts have been concentrated have a high risk of damage, and further studies of the situation are overdue. We should reconsider the construction, enlargement, and distribution patterns, of skiresorts, and any further development should be based on sound ecological and conservational knowledge rather than mere transient economic considerations.
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Moreno-Gené, Jordi, Natalia Daries, Eduard Cristóbal-Fransi, and Laura Sánchez-Pulido. "Snow tourism and economic sustainability: the financial situation of ski resorts in Spain." Applied Economics 52, no. 52 (June 3, 2020): 5726–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2020.1770683.
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Garkavi, A. V., L. I. Dezhurny, and A. S. Starkov. "Problems of First Aid to Victims on Russian Ski Resorts." Disaster Medicine, no. 4 (December 2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2020-4-48-52.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the measures necessary for effective first aid to victims in specific conditions of ski complexes (GC). Materials and methods of research. When forming the general theoretical base of the scientific research, we used extensive analytical material devoted to certain aspects of the organization of first aid and medical assistance to victims at the scene of the event, contained in the works of Russian and foreign scientists. A comprehensive comparative analysis of normative legal acts on the problem under consideration is performed. Research results and their analysis. The issues of first aid to victims in ski resorts of the Russian Federation are considered. Attention is drawn to the insufficient powers of employees of emergency rescue units (ASF) to provide effective first aid, as defined by the legislation of the Russian Federation and other regulatory legal acts. The article highlights the specifics of providing first aid to victims on ski slopes, proposals to expand the permissible actions of rescuers are substantiated, designed to ensure the maximum effectiveness of first aid during the "Golden hour" before the arrival of emergency medical teams. The recommended additions to the powers of specially trained rescuers are divided into first aid actions directly on the slope and actions at the control and rescue point at the foot of the mountain while waiting for the arrival of the SMP team. The most significant proposals for expanding such powers include the possibility of infusion therapy, the use of general analgesics, and the installation of an air duct in the absence of consciousness of the victim.
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He, Xiaoshan, and Jian Ming Luo. "Relationship among Travel Motivation, Satisfaction and Revisit Intention of Skiers: A Case Study on the Tourists of Urumqi Silk Road Ski Resort." Administrative Sciences 10, no. 3 (August 12, 2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci10030056.
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With the approach of the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022, the ski tourism market in mainland China is gradually heating up. As an important node city of the Silk Road Economic Belt, Urumqi is vigorously developing winter tourism to enhance its image as an urban tourism spot. In this study, visitors to the Urumqi Silk Road International Ski Resort during the winter were taken as the research object, and a quantitative study was carried out using a questionnaire survey. 278 questionnaires were recovered. A model of tourism motivation, satisfaction and revisit intention based on the push-pull factor was constructed, and the relationship among the three was verified by structural equation modelling. The research results can provide a theoretical basis and can reference suggestions for the development of ski tourism in destination cities and the strategic marketing of ski resorts.
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Joye, Jean-François. "Tourism development and adaptation to climate change through legal constraint." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 10, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-12-2017-0074.
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Purpose This paper aims to present a legal study addressing the way in which tourism development and planning in mountain areas can be adapted to climate change issues. It gives examples of attempts to regulate such development by law. Recent legislation in France has created new obligations targeted at ski resort managers. Urban planning and tourism development are key topics of the new French Mountain Act (law of 28 December 2016). The law moves back and forth between two goals, economic development and the protection of nature, and it is sometimes difficult to understand the general coherence of the text. Nevertheless, two significant new legal elements can be highlighted. Planning policies in mountain areas have to take climate change issues into account in the process of authorising major tourism building projects. Moreover, for the first time, the law requires obsolete ski lifts to be dismantled when they are no longer in use. Of course, although these measures are only legally theoretical at the moment, they represent important progress and are initially relevant to many ski resorts affected by global warming, especially in low-altitude mountain areas. Many of these are already experiencing a lack of snow, and a new economic model needs to be drawn up. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a review of French laws having an effect on mountain areas’ adaptation to climate change. Findings This paper presents two innovations included in the new French Mountain Act (law of 28 December 2016). Originality/value This paper underscores problems emanating from global warming in mountain areas. Some ski resorts are facing a lack of snow. The main issue is to anticipate the fact that many ski lifts, or other structures or buildings created for the snow economy, could become obsolete. Legal tools can provide a solution by forcing administrations or operators to be cautious when making decisions relating to new tourist investments, and to dismantle obsolete ski lifts.
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Tsiaras, Stefanos. "Exploring the Impact of Tourism to the Sustainable Development of Mountain Regions." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2017010102.
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Sustainable development is difficult to be achieved in mountain regions because of their sensitivity to climate change. The rapid development of mountain tourism worldwide during the last years makes the goal for sustainable mountain tourism even more challenging. Key factor to the development of mountain tourism in Europe was the function of ski centres. According to the spirit of the Brundtland Report ski centres are not in general sustainable, because they may have economic benefits but they negatively affect the other two pillars of sustainability: environment and society. The present paper focuses on a ski resort in Greece, attempting to assess the impact of mountain tourism on the sustainable development of the area. Ski resorts played a crucial role to the bloom of mountain tourism in Greece. Its evolution is a relatively recent phenomenon which has been affected by the economic crisis that afflicts the country in the past years. Demographic data compared with tourism indicators were used to assess the environmental impact of tourism in the area. Moreover, meteorological data were used in order to examine the correlation of climatic conditions and the number of visitors. The results show that the ski centre in Elatohori despite the economic benefits has a major environmental impact, especially because of the increased carbon emissions caused by the visitors of the area. Additionally, the climatic conditions (precipitation and temperature, especially the absolute maximum air temperature) affect the number of visitors.
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Sokratov, S. A., Yu G. Seliverstov, and A. L. Shnyparkov. "Assessment of the economic risk for the ski resorts of changes in snow cover duration." Ice and Snow 127, no. 3 (March 27, 2015): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2014-3-100-106.
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BABURIN, Vyacheslav, and Svetlana BADINA. "FORECASTING OF DAMAGES FROM NATURAL HAZARDS FOR THE “NORTHERN CAUCASUS RESORTS” TOURIST CLUSTER." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2020-12-3-349-356.
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The article proposes a methodological approach to potential damage from natural hazards forecasting in case of large-scale investment projects realization in ski tourism planning, as well as to assessing changes in the vulnerability of the territory in which these projects will be implemented. The method was verified on the data of the “Northern Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster. The study purpose is the creation and verification of a methodology for socio-economic damage predicting in limit values and vulnerability changing in the regions of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster objects localization for the long term. Research methods – statistical (a structural approach based on the identification of common structural patterns of several sets). The lack of statistical information on significant parameters for forecasting determine necessitates of using the various logically non-contradictory revaluations based on the identified structural similarities for the calculation of their values within the planning horizon. The study results and main conclusions – in case of the “North Caucasus Resorts” tourist cluster creation the number of people potentially located in avalanche and mudflow danger areas will significantly increase in all of its facilities localization municipalities, which indicate an increase in the individual risk of death level for this territory. The present population in the ski season in some of the most remote and underdeveloped areas can increase up to 30 times. The increment in the value of the fixed assets for the municipalities under consideration will be from two to 90 times, potential damages in limit values will reach tens of billions rubles.
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Rosson, Sara, and Lorenzo Zirulia. "A hedonic price model for ski lift tickets in the Dolomites." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 10, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-12-2017-0082.
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Purpose Different, alternative or complementary strategies have been advanced for the rejuvenation of the ski tourism product, thus favoring its economic and environmental sustainability. This paper aims to provide new suggestions by looking at the determinants of ski lift ticket prices in the Dolomites. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a hedonic price model approach, which allows the identification of the relative importance of different attributes on the determination of a product price. Findings The model shows that a higher level of investment in modern lifts and snowmaking equipment undertaken by the resort pays off in terms of customers’ perceived value-for-money relationship. The same is not true for investments in the enlargement of the skiable surface or the introduction of night skiing options and illuminated slopes. The authors found evidence that non-participatory activities, such as different winter sports and on-slope entertainment, can improve the customer’s perception of resorts’ quality. Finally, reputation plays an important role in determining the customers’ perception of good value-for-money destinations and deals. Originality/value With respect to previous works, the research expands the range of attributes possibly impacting ski lift ticket prices. Identifying crucial elements consumers would be willing to pay for allows managers to re-think and adjust their products and prices accordingly, improving the economic sustainability of the ski tourism product.
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Mules, Trevor. "Economic Impacts of National Park Tourism on Gateway Communities: The Case of Kosciuszko National Park." Tourism Economics 11, no. 2 (June 2005): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000054183513.
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Kosciuszko National Park (KNP) is a major tourist attraction for Australians, featuring the highest mountain on the Australian mainland (Mount Kosciuszko) and including popular ski resorts and wilderness. The region adjoining KNP includes townships with a total population of some 25,000 people, whose economic welfare is increasingly affected by tourism to KNP. This paper reports research that surveyed expenditure by visitors to KNP, which injects new activity into the adjoining regional economy. The paper uses the first round of an input–output process to model the impacts of such expenditure on the region, and also develops a spreadsheet model for allocating visitor expenditure between businesses within the park and businesses within the adjoining regional economy.
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Ter-Zakaryan, Karapet, Armen Grigoryan, Andrey Medvedev, Boris Efimov, and Aleksey Poserenin. "Snow insulation and conservation systems." E3S Web of Conferences 138 (2019): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913801038.
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Various aspects of application of polyethylene foam implemented for roof thermal insulation within the frame of one of the sports venues and, closely, the realization of insulation systems for cold conservation on the territory of public sports facilities, particularly for snow storage conservation within ski resorts have been regarded in this article. Additional demands are placed on thermal insulating material for suchlike constructions. Apart from high thermo technical properties, the material should involve hermeticity, lightness, easy mounting and maintenance, durability, bacterial and fungal resistance and temperature differential resistance. The examination results concerning properties and particularities of application of non-cross-linked polyethylene foam within the scope of production of insulation coatings protecting the snow from melting are given in the article. It has been established that being the part of insulation system polyethylene foam preserves the accuracy of mechanical and thermo physical characteristics. Taking all functional particularities of insulation systems implementation into consideration, the principles of protection and conservation of snow covering have been developed being realized on the mountainsides and plateaus of ski resorts. Polyethylene foam rolls have been connected in a butt joint and mechanically fixed. As a result, a seamless insulating coating - thermal blanket has been formed, which covered the entire mountainside. Maintenance of insulation system is performed during the off-season between March and September in the period of stable positive temperatures.
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Haugom, Erik, and Iveta Malasevska. "Variable pricing and change in alpine skiing attendance." Tourism Economics 24, no. 8 (May 29, 2018): 1029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618779650.
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In this article, we examine two aspects of the relation between variable intra-week pricing and alpine skiing attendance at three ski resorts in Norway. First, we study what affects the probability of increased skiing frequency during the midweek if the price is reduced in this period compared to the regular (weekend) price. Second, we examine the cannibalization effect from a lower midweek price on the weekend skiing activity. Our results show that the probability of increased midweek skiing at a lower price is significantly influenced by age and income. The probability that cannibalization occurs is significantly influenced by skiing interest and family status.
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Tibone, Christian, Marco Masoero, Filippo Berlier, Giovanni Tabozzi, Daniele Crea, Christian Tartin, Marco Cappio Borlino, and Giovanni Agnesod. "Seasonal Variability of the Acoustic Climate of Ski Resorts in the Aosta Valley Territory." Environments 7, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments7030018.
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The Aosta Valley is an alpine region in north-west Italy that is characterized by a high level of naturalness, with extensive uninhabited areas that are distant from artificial sound sources. The Aosta Valley Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA-VdA) has been particularly sensitive to the preservation of the soundscape, which is considered an integral part of the landscape, since the laws on noise pollution were first introduced. The nature of the ski areas in the Aosta mountains, which undergoes changes throughout the year, is surely of great importance, especially during the winter season, when the number of visitors is particularly high. In fact, during the winter, the sounds of nature are replaced by those produced by recreation and sports activities. Mountain and snow tourism, which are developed in sensitive environmental contexts in the Aosta Valley, are sectors of immense social and economic importance. Much of this tourism takes place in ski resorts. Three mountain areas with different characteristics, in terms of attendance and recreational/sport activities, have been examined in this paper, as part of a collaboration between ARPA-VdA and the Politecnico di Torino. Acoustic measurements were performed in order to identify the seasonal variations of sound emissions from both natural and anthropic sound sources. In addition to the standard environmental acoustic descriptors foreseen by European legislation (LAeq, Ln, Lden, etc.), the harmonica (IH) index, which provides a quantitative evaluation of the acoustic quality on a zero to ten numerical scale, was used to qualify the acoustic climate of the three areas. The results presented in the paper provide useful information on a relevant subject—the preservation of the acoustic quality of a mountain area of touristic importance—which has been scarcely investigated so far.
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Hong, Sehee, Juho Park, and Doyeon Won. "A Study on the Economic Impacts of Integrated Resort Industry in Korea : Focused on Golf and Ski Resorts." Journal of Korean Association of Physical Education and Sport for Girls and Women 29, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.16915/jkapesgw.2015.09.29.3.127.
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Wołowiec, Tomasz, Sylwia Gwoździewicz, and Sylwia Ahmed-Skrzypek. "CLASSIFICATION OF THE RESORT IN THE LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4550.
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The aim of the paper is to find out an answer of the question - what economic solutions and law regulations will stimulate the efficient functioning and development of the Polish health resorts, in conditions of strong competition on the European market of tourist-spa. An additional aim of this work is to identify the drivers of competitiveness and quality of tourist.
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Favre-Bonté, Véronique, Elodie Gardet, and Catherine Thevenard-Puthod. "Inter-organizational network configurations for ski areas innovations." European Journal of Innovation Management 19, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-04-2014-0039.
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Purpose – Unlike industrial innovations, service innovations cannot be protected by patents or designs. Thus, the implementation of innovation networks is often crucial to generate a sustainable competitive advantage. The focus in this paper is the main forms of inter-organizational networks that have led to service innovations. More precisely, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the characteristics of inter-organizational networks and the type of service innovations developed. Design/methodology/approach – A typology of service innovations and a network analysis framework allowed us to examine the innovations implemented by two major French ski areas: Portes du Soleil and Paradiski. In total, the authors analyse the structure of 12 innovation networks. Findings – The results show that, depending on the type of innovation implemented, networks differ in terms of type of partners involved and geographical scope. However, regardless of the innovation developed, it seems necessary to have a central actor to orchestrate the various partners and to use an economic regulation mode. Practical implications – This paper gives advice to managers involved in touristic innovations management about the network they may build. For example, ski resorts that want to develop new offers must be open to external partners (companies that do not belong to the tourism industry and/or are not geographically localized in the resort). Originality/value – The research documents characteristics of services innovation networks, a type of industry little studied as innovation researchers focused mainly on manufacturing firms.
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HATANAKA, KEN'ICHI. "Setting framework for the estimation of economic impacts skiers' exogenous expenses would have on ski resorts, and their vicinity." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 18 (1999): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.18.18-suppl_181.
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Bausch, Humpe, and Gössling. "Does Climate Change Influence Guest Loyalty at Alpine Winter Destinations?" Sustainability 11, no. 15 (August 5, 2019): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154233.
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: Research has dealt extensively with different aspects of climate change and winter tourism such as the impact on ski resorts and ski lift operators, adaptation strategies, governance at destinations and reactions of winter sports guests to changing snow conditions. This paper goes deeper into the question of destination choice and examines the role of climate change among the many factors affecting guest loyalty at Alpine winter destinations. The study uses an established destination choice model with choice sets, destination image and dynamic feedback loop. A qualitative online forum identifies factors influencing winter destination choice, followed by a quantitative survey which compares Alpine winter holidaymakers categorised as “loyal”, “disloyal” and “undecided”. The results demonstrate that climate change clearly influences destination choice, but snow sports are not the only affected attractors. Enjoyment of the natural environment and value for money are just as high on the list of guest motivators. This indicates that climate change adaptation measures such as snowmaking can be counterproductive to guest loyalty because they spoil the natural scenery and raise prices. The paper concludes with a recommendation for winter destinations to prioritize conservation of the natural environment and integrate more environmental protection measures into their management strategies.
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García Abad, Alejandro. "Estaciones de esquí, turismo y entorno rural de montaña: claves para una regulación de las estaciones de esquí ante el cambio climático." Acciones e Investigaciones Sociales, no. 31 (June 4, 2013): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ais/ais.201231630.
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• El presente artículo se desprende de un trabajo de investigación sobre los Centros Turísticos Recreativos de Montaña como fenómeno jurídico. En él se expone una visión general del sector turístico del esquí en España y de los retos jurídicos y socioeconómicos que plantea a comienzos del s. XXI, en un contexto de crisis económica y cambio climático. Se analiza el papel del sector en torno al desarrollo de las zonas de montaña, su viabilidad económica y se discute la preeminencia de las estaciones como motor de desarrollo frente a otros sectores económicos, dentro del marco constitucional. Se alega la necesidad de una regulación integrada y sostenible, que otorgue un atracmarco sostenible y seguridad jurídica a todos los sectores del ordenamiento a los que afecta, tras el gran período sin regular como fenómeno jurídico unitario hasta la actualidad.• This article is the result of research carried out on Mountain Recreation Resorts as a legal phenomenon. It offers an overview of ski tourism in Spain, and the legal and socio-economic challenges confronting it at the beginning of the 21st century, within a context of economic crisis and climate change. The industry’s role is analysed regarding the development of mountain regions and their economic viability. The pre-eminence of the resorts as a driving force for development is discussed in relation to other economic sectors, from a constitutional standpoint. The paper argues in favour of the need for integrated, sustainable regulations that can provide a sustainable framework and legal guarantees for all sectors of the system affected, after such a long period devoid of any legal unitary phenomenon as has been the case until now.
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Grigoryan, Artak A., Karapet A. Ter-Zakaryan, Alexander I. Panchenko, Nadezhda A. Galceva, and Vladislav I. Krashchenko. "Heat- and cooling systems." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.4.7.
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Introduction. The article discusses the various aspects of the use of foamed polyethylene, implemented at sports facilities in Armenia. Firstly, it is a roof insulation system. Secondly, the implementation of insulation systems to preserve the cold in the territory of open sports facilities, in particular, to preserve snow reserves in ski resorts. Additional requirements are imposed on the thermal insulation material for such structures. The material, in addition to high thermotechnical properties, must be airtight, lightweight, easy to install and maintain, durable, resistant to infection by bacteria and fungi, it is easy to tolerate temperature extremes. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a study of the properties (heat conductivity density, vapor permeability, water absorption) and application features (resistance to the effects of temperature, humidity, aggressive components contained in the air, that is, its high operational stability) of rolled non-cross-linked polyethylene foam when creating insulating sheets that protect snow from melting. Results. It was found that polyethylene foam in the insulating system maintains the stability of mechanical and thermophysical properties. Taking into account all the functional features of the implementation of insulation systems, the principles of protection and preservation (conservation) of snow cover have been developed, implemented on the mountain slopes and plateau of ski facilities. Rolls of foamed polyethylene were joined end-to-end and mechanically fixed. Conclusions. Thus, a seamless insulating coating was formed, covering the entire hillside — “thermal blanket”. The insulation system is operated during the off-season between March and September, during a period of stable positive temperatures.
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Warne, Maria Charlotta, Erika Wall, and Stig Vinberg. "Managers’ and employees’ views of critical aspects for alcohol abuse prevention at small and medium enterprises – the case of ski resorts in Northern Sweden." Society, Health & Vulnerability 8, sup1 (July 28, 2017): 1355719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20021518.2017.1355719.
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Jaros, Henryk. "The public and economic aspects of the functioning of protected areas within a commune." Miscellanea Geographica 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2014-0032.
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Abstract Between 2009 and 2013, research was conducted in the commune offices for the Podlaskie voivodeship which have large areas of protected Natura 2000 sites. The research is repeated every few years and widened to include new communes. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of the protected areas on the economic conditions of the communes. It is widely assumed that protected areas generate income for communes, however the communes claim that they incur large additional costs. The surveyed communes were critical of obligatory legal requirements in relation to the protected areas. It was argued that there are problems with obtaining natural resources and with the establishment of new summer resorts, residential and farm buildings and infrastructure; as well as the use and management of the site. The communes’ benefits incidental to the ownership of the protected area are not clear. As part of the benefits, the protected areas offer an opportunity for tourism development. According to the communes, protected areas generate losses in which the estimated losses are several times higher than the potential income. Studies indicate that the conservation cost factor should be considered in terms of financing the communes from the state budget.
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François, H., S. Morin, M. Lafaysse, and E. George-Marcelpoil. "Crossing numerical simulations of snow conditions with a spatially-resolved socio-economic database of ski resorts: A proof of concept in the French Alps." Cold Regions Science and Technology 108 (December 2014): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.08.005.
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Мишулина, Светлана, and Svetlana Mishulina. "The legacy of the 2014 Olympics: the development of tourist infrastructure." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 8, no. 4 (November 27, 2014): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6577.
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The article analyses the Olympic project inf uence on Sochi health resort modern tourist infrastructure formation and development. It is focused on the analysis of the processes, which took place in collective means of accommodation system on the dif erent stages of Olympic project implementation. In particular, the article contains the analysis of the data on collective means of accommodation number and structure changes, as long as hotel room capacity of the city at the time of Candidature File set up didn’t met the IOC requirements and conf ned Sochi’s development possibilities in its function as a mountain and ski resort.
Examination of changes in local tourist infrastructure was carried out in order to
estimate to what degree the goals proclaimed in Candidature File were implemented, including the task to assure conditions to convert Sochi resort to all-year-round world class resort and its further sustainable development. An improvement of accommodation system is considered as one of the most important conditions of tourist f ows’ growth and ef ective usage of material and nonmaterial Olympic Games 2014 Legacy.
An important aspect of this research is the current situation analysis and identif cation of problems, which prevent ef ective usage of Sochi tourist infrastructure established in post-Olympic period. After examination of tourist industry internal and external factors that determine the tourist f ows capacity and dynamics we conclude that transport accessibility is the most important condition of tourist f ows stable growth.
Materials presented in the article are the intermediate research results of the project “The analysis of sociopolitical, economic and ecological consequences of Olympic project implementation” which is being carried out within the frameworks of RAS Presidium fundamental research program №32.
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Zaytsev, Anatoly A., and Pavel S. Troitskiy. "Creating a magnetogravitational high-speed passenger line "Adler-Kislovodsk-Mineralnie vody"." Transportation systems and technology 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2016245-14.
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The article discusses the idea of creating magnetogravitational high-speed railway (MSM) for passenger traffic on the route "Adler - Kislovodsk - Mineralnie Vody". Introduction. MSM linking the main resorts of the North Caucasus will have an agglomeration effect on their development by bringing more tourists, will create a market of transportations in between these recreational facilities, which are now essentially absent. Analysis: With the appearance of the line MVSM 5 disparate resorts - Sochi, KVM, Arkhyz, Elbrus, Dombay - will become a major mixed-use resort cluster offers Spa services, ski programs and a seaside holiday. The cluster will have 2 of the airport of Sochi and Mineral Waters associated MSM, marine station, and the lines of the existing railway. The numbers of annual tourist arrivals in the structure of passenger traffic, investment costs and cost of travel are the most influencing payback. The project itself MVSM designed for tourists. Therefore, necessary deep pricing policy on tariffs for transportations on the line. In the first two years of operation of the highway in the financial model includes the cost of travel along the route 1 end in the amount of 1000 rubles. For the average family of three people a day excursion from Adler to Anapa, in particular, will cost 6000 RUB. Results: The necessity of using magnetogravitational technology on this high speed line due to the difficult mountainous terrain of the route, Maglev's ability to overcome steep slopes, turns with smaller radius curves in comparison with the technology "wheel-rail". As well as a lower negative impact on the nature of the Great Caucasus nature reserve. Conclusions: Formulated the main idea associated with the construction of high speed railway. Given economic evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed project
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Dornier, Raphaël, Chiara Mauri, and Richard Teare. "Reflections on the theme issue outcomes." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 10, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-01-2018-0005.
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Purpose The aim of this paper is to profile the World Hospitality and Tourism Themes (WHATT) theme issue “Tourism sustainability in the Alpine region: What are the major trends and challenges?” with reference to the experience of the theme editors and writing team. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses structured questions to enable the theme editors to reflect on the rationale for the theme issue question, the starting-point, the selection of the writing team and material and the editorial process. Findings It draws on a multidisciplinary approach to identify some key components of sustainable tourism for the French and Italian Alps. It reflects on research and stakeholder interaction that helped to shape the current and future thinking about how Alpine mountain resorts can enhance sustainability in relation to the destination offer, accommodation, transport and mobility and institutional, legal and socio-economic aspects. Practical implications The theme issue outcomes provide lines of enquiry for others to explore, and they reinforce the value of WHATT’s approach to collaborative working and writing. Originality/value The work reported in this theme issue provides research-based evidence of the need for rapid adaptation to sustainable tourism development for resorts in the French and Italian Alps. Traditionally designed to facilitate skiing and snow sports, the impact of climate change is forcing a rethink to safeguard Alpine tourism – a vital economic activity to these and most mountain tourism destinations.
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Grecevičius, Petras, and Romas Marčius. "STRATEGIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF RECREATIONAL LANDSCAPE STRENGTHENING LITHUANIA’S CULTURAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF BALTIC STATES." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 30, no. 2 (June 30, 2006): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921630.2006.10697069.
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Analysis of the potential and resources of each region in the country is necessary for improving the living conditions of an individual. The present task of the Lithuanian recreational system is to allow effective use of recreational resources on the Baltic seacoast. Recreational landscapes play an important role on which the prestige of a country depends. Its foreign visitors have an influence on appearance of new economic relations and investments into its economy. They leave a country with an impression about the potential of its economy, society and culture. This makes it important to ensure a constant growth of existing and future recreational sites, resorts and holiday settlements. This study deals with some of the strategic aspects of the country’s future development. Some concrete proposals on improving formation of recreational landscape are presented in the paper.
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Nzimande, Sibonelo, and Urmilla Bob. "Stakeholder Perceptions of Eco-Cultural Resorts in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 1012–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-65.
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Eco-cultural projects are initiated in host communities to create livelihood opportunities linked to tourism and concurrently supporting conservation efforts. Research tends to focus on the sustainability of the projects after implementation with limited understanding of stakeholder issues during the planning stages. This study focuses on stakeholder perceptions of the proposed Eco-Culture Resort (ECR) in the Chelmsford Nature Reserve (CNR) at Ntshingwayo Dam in Newcastle, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa in relation to tourism potential. The methodological approach adopted entailed interviews with 50 respondents purposively selected from the ranks of three key stakeholder groups - government, business and community members. The main findings reveal that the stakeholders linked ECRs with conservation, sustainable development and tourism-related opportunities. Respondents also viewed the proposed resort as a tourist destination with huge economic development potential. The study reveals that ECRs have stakeholder support and perceived to have the potential to increase tourism opportunities and enhance the level of environmental awareness among both would-be visitors and the broader community. However, challenges arise that foreground the importance of extensive stakeholder engagement to ensure that tourism benefits are realised. There is limited research on examining stakeholder perceptions of tourism-related aspects of ECRs despite the growing recognition that understanding of different views, interests, opinions, expectations and concerns results in greater success of nature-based conservation and tourism projects. This research addresses this gap in the literature and addresses the issue of better understanding stakeholders' perceptions and concerns during the planning stages of ECRs.
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Liutak, Olena M., and Olena V. Baula. "The development applied aspects of Ukraine’s tourist industry in the globalization conditions." European Journal of Management Issues 28, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/192009.
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Purpose – to assess the tourism industry development and its impact on Ukraine’s economy, to identify a set of problems hindering the significant development of the tourism industry, and to justify ways to increase competitiveness in the world market.
Design/Method/Approach of the research. System approach, synthesis, analysis and comparison to assess the tourism development dynamics in Ukraine, correlation and regression analysis to determine the impact level of increasing the number of hotels and tourist-recreational enterprises on GDP growth in Ukraine, logical generalization to identify a set of problems holding back the significant development of local tourism and ways justification of increasing its competitiveness on the world market.
Findings. This article presents the results of assessing the tourism dynamics, particularly the tourist flows, the number of resorts, the number of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents. The authors substantiated the ways of increasing the local tourism sector's competitiveness.
Practical implications. The work results can make the basis for the development of fundamental and scientific-applied provisions contributing to the significant system formation of increasing the competitiveness of Ukraine's tourism industry by state and local authorities, establishing cooperation among market participants and forming optimal logistics flows, developing business models to optimize the flows of health and recreational facilities.
Originality/Value. The research value is that its applied scientific provisions can be implemented in the strategy of economic development of local tourism in analytical and mathematical justifications of the relationship between economic growth and tourism development, which ultimately increases Ukraine regions’ competitiveness for sustainable development of the country’s economy.
Research limitations/Future research. Future research should focus on identifying mechanisms to improve the procedure for increasing tourism enterprises' competitiveness and improving provided service quality.
Paper type –empirical.
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Petcu, Monica Aureliana, Maria Iulia Sobolevschi-David, and Stefania Cristina Curea. "Configuration of an Integrated Quality-Social Responsibility-Performance Management System in the Hospitality Industry. Case Studies: Balneary Tourism Romania." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 7303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137303.
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The introduction of quality, performance, and social responsibility systems in organizations that are open to learn and wish to permanently improve their activity ensures the sustainable development of those organizations. The purpose of this research is to investigate the characteristics of these three systems in order to identify the common impact areas and the existing interrelations, which would be able to facilitate an integrated approach and create an understanding of equifinalities at the organizational level. Moreover, such an integrated approach highlights the role of economic and financial analysis in the assessment of the quantifiable aspects and the direction in the assessment of the non-quantifiable ones. Through this, we intend to obtain a possible configuration for an integrated quality–performance–social responsibility approach applied to 11 entities in different Romanian health resorts recognized for their natural healing factors. The research was structured on two levels: one addressing the phenomenological approach and one dedicated to the application of the European Foundation for Quality Management. The research presents economic and financial data that are the processed results of a social survey regarding customer satisfaction as well as information from reports provided by internal and financial audit missions. The conclusions of our results reveal three distinct situations: low quality, reduced performance, and stakeholder dissatisfaction; low quality, high performance, and partial stakeholder satisfaction; and appropriate quality, high performance, and adequate stakeholder satisfaction.
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Svermova, Pavla, and Miroslav Cernik. "Corporate Social Responsibility of Companies Producing PFOA Containing Waxes for Cross-Country Skiing." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 5141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125141.
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The chemical industry is a particularly sensitive sector that very often works with toxic, harmful and dangerous substances. This paper offers insight into the corporate socially responsible (CSR) behaviour of a specific segment of the chemical industry—the production of fluorinated ski waxes. Perfluorinated compounds, which excel in water and fat stability and repellency, are nowadays considered as harmful to human health and nature. During 2020, the basic compound, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), will be banned, and finding its replacement will be a difficult task. So far, there are no alternatives in terms of environmentally friendly compounds that can maintain the desired properties of extreme ski glide. Based on a questionnaire distributed to twenty wax producers worldwide, we have concluded that, although the attitudes of companies towards CSR certification was rather negative (87.5%), and companies had not developed or documented any CSR policy/strategy with specific goals, they found CSR activities/instruments beneficial and important. The survey highlighted the fact that companies were aware that their products are dangerous for the environment, and that environmental issues are important for all of the responders, despite them being mostly without certified systems. The size of a company had no significant effect on their attitude. Micro and small producers were involved in raising awareness of environmental policies and responsibilities to the same extent (maybe even more) as medium or large companies. We also found varying behaviours between companies involved in environmental programs and those who were not. The companies involved felt a strong attitude towards all three pillars of CSR, which are the environment, as well as social and economic aspects. Those companies not involved had a strong attitude towards their customers, but not towards their employees, suppliers or the wider community. They also had stronger feelings about the quality of their products and economic profit, but without a strong approach to the related environmental issues. The Norwegian approach and the commitment of the company Swix to CSR are two positive examples leading to a fluorine-free future.
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Durand, Yves, Gérald Giraud, Martin Laternser, Pierre Etchevers, Laurent Mérindol, and Bernard Lesaffre. "Reanalysis of 47 Years of Climate in the French Alps (1958–2005): Climatology and Trends for Snow Cover." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 48, no. 12 (December 1, 2009): 2487–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jamc1810.1.
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Abstract Since the early 1990s, Météo-France has used an automatic system combining three numerical models to simulate meteorological parameters, snow cover stratigraphy, and avalanche risk at various altitudes, aspects, and slopes for a number of mountainous regions (massifs) in the French Alps and the Pyrenees. This Système d’Analyse Fournissant des Renseignements Atmosphériques à la Neige (SAFRAN)–Crocus–Modèle Expert de Prévision du Risque d’Avalanche (MEPRA) model chain (SCM), usually applied to operational daily avalanche forecasting, is here used for retrospective snow and climate analysis. For this study, the SCM chain used both meteorological observations and guess fields mainly issued from the newly reanalyzed atmospheric model 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data and ran on an hourly basis over a period starting in the winter of 1958/59 until recent past winters. Snow observations were finally used for validation, and the results presented here concern only the main climatic features of the alpine modeled snowfields at different spatial and temporal scales. The main results obtained confirm the very significant spatial and temporal variability of the modeled snowfields with regard to certain key parameters such as those describing ground coverage or snow depth. Snow patterns in the French Alps are characterized by a marked declining gradient from the northwestern foothills to the southeastern interior regions. This applies mainly to both depths and durations, which exhibit a maximal latitudinal variation at 1500 m of about 60 days, decreasing strongly with the altitude. Enhanced at low elevations, snow depth shows a mainly negative temporal variation over the study period, especially in the north and during late winters, while the south exhibits more smoothed features. The number of days with snow on the ground shows also a significant general signal of decrease at low and midelevation, but this signal is weaker in the south than in the north and less visible at high elevation. Even if a statistically significant test cannot be performed for all elevations and areas, the temporal decrease is present in all the studied quantities. Concerning snow duration, this general decrease can also be interpreted as a sharp variation of the mean values at the end of the 1980s, inducing a step effect in its time series rather than a constant negative temporal trend. The results have also been interpreted in terms of potential for a viable ski industry, especially in the southern areas, and for different changing climatic conditions. Presently, French downhill ski resorts are economically viable from a range of about 1200 m MSL in the northern foothills to 2000 m in the south, but future prospects are uncertain. In addition, no clear and direct relationship between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or the ENSO indexes and the studied snow parameters could be established in this study.
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Bilinskyi, Dmytro, and Mushfik Damirchyiev. "INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC STANDARDS OF MEDICAL PROVISION: LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 5 (February 8, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-5-28-31.
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The purpose of the paper is to analyze the current legislation on medical reform in the context of harmonization with international standards. In the conditions of social state building in Ukraine, the thesis is axiomatic regarding that the state should show concern for their citizens, including for the protection of their health. In this context, it is relevant to study the implementation of medical reform in Ukraine, since its content and the degree to which the proclaimed provisions are enforced depend on the ability of each person to access quality health care. Methodology. The article is based on international legal acts, laws and by-laws of Ukraine in the field of legal regulation of medical care. Both general scientific and special methodology were used for the research. Methods of analysis and synthesis, method of description, method of induction, method of deduction, method of correlation, etc. were applied. Results. The article defines the directions for harmonization of the legislation of Ukraine on health protection in accordance with international standards. Based on the ECHR practice, proposals have been formulated to improve the legislation of Ukraine. Conclusions. The ECHR has repeatedly concluded that the right to health is complex and includes: the right to information about one's health and the confidentiality of such information; the right to health care; the right to choose the doctor and the remedies freely; the right to a safe environment that affects health and so on. The state does not cover all aspects of providing medical care to citizens, but resorts to limited funding, since the state budget funds are only one of the types of sources of financing. Practical implications. We have formulated the following tasks: to analyze Ukraine's international legal obligations regarding health care; to identify major changes in health care financing and health care delivery in line with health care reform standards in Ukraine; to identify major health care funding issues.
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Harjo, Indhar Wahyu Wira, and Anik Susanti. "Potentials and Sustainability Index of Small-Scale Sports Tourism in Batu City." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 2 (January 5, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i2.2828.
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The present study aims at investigating the menaces towards tourism sustainability in Kota Wisata Batu (KWB – Batu city as an icon of tourism). The menaces took place due to the hotel constructions in the city that experienced an increase over the last four years. However, the resorts enlargement was not in line with the increasing number of visitors in the city. In addition to the issue of physical constructions, the city also suffered from natural environment and social matters along with the growth of tourism activities. Agropolitan-based tourism has not so far been able to sustain the balance of economic, environmental, and social demands, so it is necessary to design alternative attempts to maintain the tourism activities in KWB. The model of tourism in small scale with a basis of sports is believed to be able to handle the aforementioned problems. Small-scale sports tourism is potential to overcome the demands of social welfare as well as to protect the environment during tourism activities. Thus, the present study aims at conducting an observation on the potentials of small-scale sports tourism in KWB and performing assessment on the sustainability of the sports tourism. The study carried out mixed method of research with inductive theoretical direction. The results of the study indicate that the potential of small-scale sports tourism is present at tourist destinations that explore natural resources, cultures, and something artificial. The sustainability index gained from the study is 29.81154 that is still under the category of less sustainable. The condition is due to the low assessment of economic, social, and environmental aspects of sustainability. Therefore, there should be alteration in the management of small-scale sports tourism in Batu city in order to make the natural, cultural and artificial tourism destinations economic-, social-,and cultural-friendly.
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ILE, Larisa-Florența, Luciana-Floriana HOLOSTENCU, Gabriela ȚIGU, and Vlad DIACONESCU. "The values, perception and attitudes of potential domestic tourists regarding the medical tourism offer of Romania." Balneo and PRM Research Journal, Vol.12, no.2 (June 1, 2021): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2021.435.
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Introduction. Apparently medicine and tourism have represented for a while distinct domains, both in terms of research and even in popular culture. While medicine is widely known as dedicated exclusively to healing and treating patients suffering from various diseases, tourism, popular since ancient times in relation to healing, is based on a person’s motivation towards obtaining a pleasant experience in optimal conditions that already require the existence of a good state of health. Considering the emergence of new challenges in medicine, mostly in terms of demand, there is a phenomenon of directing preferences or needs in order to obtain medical services in a relaxing touristic environment. Due to the rapid development of medical tourism, we consider opportune to study this phenomenon, both from the perspective of a social and economic impact and from the need to reorganize the tourism activity, emphasized with new forms and modern concepts. Material and method. As a limited number of research can be found related to medical tourism, and generally covers travelling for medical treatments or interventions, and also a few publications are dealing with theoretical aspects of this form of tourism, the main purpose of the article is to bring a scientific contribution to the global field of medical tourism, especially regarding the tourist expectations and attitudes towards an internal medical tourism offer. Using a quantitative research methodology, we aimed to achieve the following secondary objectives: identifying the interest, intention and reasons of respondents to practice medical tourism, establishing the level of confidence in the medical specialization of certain cities, assessing the level of knowledge and general perception on a treatment specifics in spa resorts structured in galaxy clusters. Results and discussions. Focusing on both national and international research, we have reached the conclusion that there is a lack of specific statistical indicators to analyze or compare the phenomenon of medical tourism. The shortcomings that are considered in the research may be caused mainly by inconsistencies of defining different concepts related to medical tourism or the confusion generated by the use of terms specific to medical or health tourism. Thus, the main objective of our research is to identify relevant aspects regarding the values, perception and attitudes of potential domestic medical tourists towards Romania’s medical tourism offer. Conclusions. There are certain limitations to our research, but it can surely become a basis for further developments regarding galaxy clusters and their impact in relation to a tourist’s needs. Keywords: medical tourism, spa resorts, medical providers, medical services demand, balneary tourism,
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Rahajeng, Anggi. "The Roles of Kulonprogo Regional Government in Developing Tourism Economy: Nature-Based Tourism." JKAP (Jurnal Kebijakan dan Administrasi Publik) 20, no. 2 (June 17, 2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkap.16592.
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Tourism development requires the roles of both regional and central government. The roles of those governments in the economic development belong to the aspects of planning, policy, regulation, and public facilities development to support the tourism industry. Kulonprogo Regency has several nature-based tourism destinations that can actually be developed, but it has not been optimal yet. This study aims in determining the roles of the Government of Kulonprogo Regency in developing the tourism economy to be optimal in their area by concerning the environmental issues. This study uses the triangulation in both the data and the methods used. The theoretical approach used is the institutional economics based on the model of Williamson. The results of this study indicate that the roles of the all elements of government of Kulonprogo in the field of tourism economy development are the construction and the development of tourism destinations facilities, tourism marketing, tourism industry, and integrated related institutions. The determination of the prior destinations by the central government in 2017 was followed by the adoption of 5 zoning destinations/tourism strategic areas (KSPD) in Kulonprogo. Policies in the tourism sector is also followed by the policies on investment, particularly for infrastructure investment since the rapid growth of the investment climate and the development of mega projects in Kulonprogo (central-provincial government) to ignite the economic and the tourism development. Programs that are conducted by Kulonrogo Government through the Department of Tourism, Youth, and Sports in tourism are expected to affect the behavior/mindset of the tourism actors to concern and be more aware of tourism issues in anticipating the livelihood changes of most people in Kulonprogo (non-tourism changes into the tourism). The government should monitor and control the tourism destination development by concerning the issues of capacity, supporting capacity, and the environmental sustainability, especially around the nature-based tourism resorts.
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Makmur, Stefanny. "TAMAN SELUNCUR INTERAKTIF SETIABUDI." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 2, no. 1 (June 16, 2020): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v2i1.6853.
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Duncan M. Laren and Julian Agyeman stated in their writings on 'sociocultural' which is a human nature that occurs everywhere but now society is gradually divided when it comes to public commercial knowledge and the rapidly developing economic as well as technological aspects. Various trends related to commercial matters are slowly creating destabilization and fragmentation of identity in some societies, as there are class classifications formed among them. Of the various opportunities that exist in a city, sometimes misuse that focuses on economic interest, as a result the interests of the community are ruled out because the available spaces are intended to be commercial interests that privatize public services and utilize land values by means of gentrification. A Third Place that provides a series of activities is one of the architectural responses in the development of an open society. Through the high appreciation of the community for sports and culinary as an attraction that is in accordance with the characteristics of the area, the program offered is the incorporation and development of basic activities. This project is expected to support the cultivation of skateboarding activities and similar activities such as cycling, rollerblading, and basic types of sports that can be followed by everyone, taking from the category of skating, this project promotes a dry ski program, where this program has potential in the region. Restraining the methodology of activity typology and trans-programming as well as the source of the concepts presented by Edward T. White, the project with flexible layout design creates removable dry skiing which is a dominant part of the third place program to build active communities in locations with high potential with a strong TOD system.Abstrak Duncan M. Laren dan Julian Agyeman mengatakan dalam karya penulisannya mengenai ‘sosiokultural’ yang merupakan sifat dasar manusia terjadi di mana saja namun kini semakin lama masyarakat mengalami perpecahan ketika mengenal komersial publik dan aspek ekonomi serta teknologi yang berkembang pesat. Berbagai tren yang terkait dengan hal-hal komersial perlahan menciptakan destabilisasi dan fragmentasi akan identitas pada sebagian masyarakat, maka terdapat klasifikasi kelas yang terbentuk diantaranya. Dari berbagai kesempatan yang ada dalam sebuah kota, terkadang terjadinya kesalahgunaan yang berfokuskan pada ketertarikan ekonomi, alhasil kepentingan masyarakat dikesampingkan akibat ruang-ruang yang tersedia diperuntukan menjadi commercial interest yang memprivatisasi layanan publik dan memanfaatkan value tanah dengan cara gentrifikasi. Sebuah Third place yang menyediakan serangkaian aktivitas merupakan salah satu tanggapan arsitektural dalam pembangunan masyarakat yang terbuka. Melalui apresiasi warga yang tinggi terhadap olah raga dan kuliner sebagai daya tarik yang sesuai dengan karakteristik kawasan, program yang ditawarkan ialah penggabungan dan pengembangan kegiatan dasar. Proyek ini diharapkan mendukung pembudidayaan akan kegiatan skateboard dan aktivitas serupa seperti bersepeda, sepatu roda, serta jenis olah raga basic yang dapat diikuti oleh semua orang, mengambil dari kategori olah raga seluncur, proyek ini mengangkat program dry ski, di mana program ini memiliki potensi dalam kawasan tersebut. Mengendalkan metode tipologi kegiatan dan trans-programming serta sumber konsep yang dekemukakan oleh Edward T. White, proyek dengan desain layout flexible menciptakan removable Dry ski yang menjadi bagian dominan dalam program third place untuk membangun masyarakat aktif pada lokasi yang sangat berpotensi dengan sistem TOD yang kuat.
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Li, Guanru, Lei Pan, Qingsong Hua, Li Sun, and Kwang Y. Lee. "Water Pump Control: A Hybrid Data-Driven and Model-Assisted Active Disturbance Rejection Approach." Water 11, no. 5 (May 22, 2019): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11051066.
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Water pump control, prevalent in various industrial plants, such as wastewater treatment and steam generator facilities, plays a significant role in maintaining economic efficiency and stable plant operation. Due to its slow dynamics, strong nonlinearity, and various disturbances, it is also widely studied as a typical benchmark problem in process control. The current control strategies can be categorized into two aspects: one branch resorts to model-based design and the other to data-driven design. To merge the merits and overcome the deficiencies of each paradigm, this paper proposes a hybrid data-driven and model-assisted control strategy, namely modified active disturbance rejection control (MADRC). The model information regarding water dynamics is incorporated into an extended state observer (ESO), which is used to estimate and mitigate the limitations of slow dynamics, strong nonlinearity, and various disturbances by analyzing the real-time data. The tuning formula is given in terms of the desired closed-loop performance. It is shown that MADRC is able to produce a satisfactory control performance while maintaining a low sensitivity to the measurement noise under general parametric setting conditions. The simulation results verify the clear superiority of MADRC over the proportional-integral (PI) controller and the conventional ADRC, and the results also evidence its noise reduction effects. The experimental results agree well with the simulation results based on a water tank setup. The proposed MADRC approach is able to improve the control performance while reducing the actuator fluctuation. The results presented in this paper offer a promising methodology for the water control loops widely used in the water industry.