Academic literature on the topic 'Economic assistance, Australian Fiji'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economic assistance, Australian Fiji"
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Salem, Saber. "Chinese Foreign Aid to Fiji: Threat or Opportunity." China Report 56, no. 2 (April 29, 2020): 242–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445520916875.
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China’s political, economic and cultural influence is steadily rising in Fiji and the Pacific region as a whole. The Sino–Fiji cooperation deepened at multiple levels after the Fijian military assumed power through a coup d’état and removed the civilian government from power in late 2006. This ‘undemocratic behaviour’ infuriated the two regional powers—Australia and New Zealand who then applied sanctions on Fiji, particularly the military brass, and encouraged their counterparts as well as multilateral aid organisations to ‘punish’ Fiji’s military ‘regime’. The military government in order to derail the impact of sanctions from its traditional donors adopted the ‘Look North Policy’, which was opening cooperation with China and attracting Chinese investment in Fiji. China welcomed the friendship gesture and furnished Fiji with financial assistance. This Chinese friendship was also due to Taiwanese involvement in the region, which was providing aid for diplomatic recognition and support at the UN. The ‘microstates’ hold about 7 per cent of UN votes. Both China and Taiwan need their votes at multilateral organisations and given that these microstates are mostly aid-dependent economies, initiated an era of Chequebook diplomacy, which is basically money for diplomatic recognition in the case of Taiwan or acceptance of One China Policy in the case of China. The microstates have time and again switched between China and Taiwan and played one against the other to get more aid money out of their diplomatic rivalry. The Sino–Taiwan aid competition in the Pacific forced US to make a strong comeback and ensure that China under the pretext of denying Taiwan space in the region actually spies on the US activities in the region. As a result, the US and its regional allies have significantly increased their foreign aid to the island nations in order to coax them to diminish their level of financial dependence on China. So far, they have not been successful enough and China’s aid package has gone far beyond the level US is giving. Today, China is the second largest donor to the region and largest financier to Fiji. Fiji has become the ace in this game as it is the regional hub of the Pacific Island states. Bearing the current high level of aid competition between traditional and emerging donors in mind, it is too early to judge whether Chinese aid will cause more harm to Fiji than benefit or vice versa. It also entirely depends on the Fijian government as to how much it relies on Chinese aid and how clean Chinese are with their soft loans. China has been blamed for not being clear and specific about the terms and conditions of its concessional loans. This vagueness and secrecy that is associated with Chinese aid been a cause for concern, especially among traditional donors.
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Atkinson, Joel. "Development Assistance and Geopolitics in Australia-China-Taiwan Relations." International Studies Review 16, no. 2 (October 19, 2015): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-01602001.
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The development assistance programs of Australia, China and Taiwan impact each other’s geopolitical interests in the South Pacific region. This “aid triangle” has recently undergone a significant transformation. Previously, the interests of Australia and China aligned in competing against Taiwan for political influence in the region. However, since 2008, China-Taiwan relations have warmed and their aid contest in the South Pacific has been largely put on hold. This has ameliorated Taiwan’s conflict with Australia, and the two countries have increased their development assistance cooperation. However, China’s role in undermining Australia’s policy towards Fiji, and the global deterioration in China’s relations with a US coalition (including Australia), have potentially increased the competitive aspects of the Sino-Australian side of the triangle.
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Igbal, Mohammed Rasheed. "The Economic Impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural System in Fiji." Journal of Agricultural Science 14, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v14n2p144.
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Climate change is one of the most crucial challenges identified in this century for the Pacific Region, such as Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands and many more. Citizens of Fiji have gone through peculiarly climatic and weather conditions over the past years like globalization, which had led to many consequences, especially in the agricultural sector which is the main income of many livelihoods not only in Fiji but in other Pacific countries as well. Climatic conditions have been changing adversely from past decades, such as temperature, rise in the sea level, precipitation changes, atmospheric composition changes, flooding, and tropical cyclones. These changes have led to alterations in the environment, thus, affecting crop and livestock production in the agricultural system. For instance, crops that require specific soil and temperature situations are vastly influenced when the temperature level changes suddenly, making the crops vulnerable to adapt to the alterations and therefore, the crops eventually die. Likewise, animal species also get affected by temperature changes, such as heat stress which specifically affects the fertility of male and female livestock. Due to these events, Fiji’s economies have also been affected since agriculture plays a vital role in boosting our economy through local market sales and exporting. Thereby, this review illustrates the impacts of climate change and ways to move forward/ solutions, for example, FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) and Pacific Islands Climate Change Assistance Program (PICCAP) have supported Fiji in bringing adaptation programs for preparing farmers and all other individuals on the upcoming climatic conditions such as adapting tolerant crops that can handle droughts and other adverse weather conditions.
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Lin, Sherry. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1." Higher Education Studies 10, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n1p144.
Full textAbstract:
Higher Education Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Higher Education Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: hes@ccsenet.org
Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 1
Antonina Lukenchuk, National Louis University, USA
Aynur Yürekli, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Bahar Gün, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Barbara N. Martin, University of Central Missouri, USA
Cristina Sin, CIPES (Centre for Research in Higher Education Policies), Portugal
Deniz Ayse Yazicioglu, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Donna.Smith , The Open University, UK
Hüseyin Serçe, Selçuk University, Turkey
James Badger, University of North Georgia, USA
Laith Ahmed Najam, Mosul University, IRAQ
Meric Ozgeldi, Mersin University, Turkey
Mpoki Mwaikokesya, University of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
Nicos Souleles, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus
Olusola Ademola Olaniyi, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Saudi Arabia
Prashneel Ravisan Goundar, Fiji National University, Fiji
Robin Rawlings, Walden University, USA
Sadeeqa Sadeeqa, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan
Savitri Bevinakoppa, Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia
Semiyu Adejare Aderibigbe, University of Sharjah, UAE
Teguh Budiharso, Center of Language and Culture Studies, Indonesia
Yousef Ogla Almarshad, Aljouf University, Saudi Arabia
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Lin, Sherry. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2." Higher Education Studies 9, no. 2 (May 30, 2019): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n2p166.
Full textAbstract:
Higher Education Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Higher Education Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to hes@ccsenet.org.
Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2
Abdelaziz Mohammed, Albaha University, Saudi Arabia
Alina Mag, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania
Anna Liduma, University of Latvia, Latvia
Antonina Lukenchuk, National Louis University, USA
Arbabisarjou Azizollah, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Ausra Kazlauskiene, Siauliai University, Lithuania
Aynur Yürekli, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Bahar Gün, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Bo Chang, Ball State University, USA
Evrim Ustunluoglu, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Gamze Kasalak, Akdeniz University, Turkey
Gregory S. Ching, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan
Jisun Jung, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Karsten Krauskopf, University of Potsdam, Germany
Lung-Tan Lu, Fo Guang University, Taiwan
Meric Ozgeldi, Mersin University, Turkey
Mirosław Kowalski, University of Zielona Góra, Poland
Oana-Mihaela Rusu, Unviersity of Iasi, Romania
Olusola Ademola Olaniyi, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Saudi Arabia
Prashneel Ravisan Goundar, Fiji National University, Fiji
Rafizah Mohd Rawian, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Ranjit Kaur Gurdial Singh, The Kilmore International School, Australia
Sumita Chowhan, Jain University, India
Tuija A. Turunen, University of Lapland, Finland
Uher Ivan, University P.J.Safarika Kosice, Slovakia
Zahra Shahsavar, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Choong, Chee-Keong. "Aid and Economic Growth in Pacific Island Countries: An Empirical Study of Aid Effectiveness in Fiji." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 5, no. 4 (2006): 329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156915006779206033.
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AbstractPacific island countries (PICs), ever since their independence during the second half of the last century, have been among the world's top ten recipients of official development assistance (ODA) on a per capita basis. Until the mid 1990s, most of them were receiving aid from their erstwhile colonial masters for budgetary support. With the introduction of reforms in ODA delivery in the late 1990s with focus on program and project-tied aid, it was expected that aid would directly facilitate creation of much-needed growth enhancing infrastructures, physical as well as social, since domestic savings were found to be insufficient to finance them. However, continued stagnation in some PICs and deterioration in some others have been causing concerns. This paper seeks to examine the effectiveness of aid by undertaking a case study of Fiji, which has a longer time series data needed for econometric investigation. Based on the study's findings, the paper lists some policy conclusions relevant to the region.
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Luntz, Harold. "Compensation for Loss of an Economic Nature : An Australian Perspective." Dommages-intérêts / assurance 39, no. 2-3 (April 12, 2005): 491–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043501ar.
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This paper first describes briefly the scope of the no-fault motor accident schemes which operate in Australia. It then sets out and evaluates the benefits payable under each for losses of an economic nature. These are benefits for hospital, medical, nursing, rehabilitation and like needs created by injuries in a motor accident ; for informal nursing services and assistance in the home, the need for which is similarly created ; for loss of earning capacity resulting from such accidents ; and for death so resulting. It does not deal with benefits for loss of a non-economic nature, such as pain and suffering (for which, as such, compensation is not generally payable under the schemes) and impairment. It nevertheless concludes that most benefits for loss of an economic nature should be integrated with the Australian social security system and that the true role of a no-fault scheme is to compensate for permanent impairment, since there is no general disability benefit payable under the social security system.
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Gibson, Lisanne. "The Arts as Industry." Media International Australia 90, no. 1 (February 1999): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909000112.
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There is a discursive split in Australian arts policy between subvention of the arts justified in terms of ‘humanistic’ objectives and subvention of the arts justified in terms of ‘economic’ objectives. It is possible to locate the emergence of this particular split to the 1976 Industries Assistance Commission Report, Assistance to the Performing Arts. Over the last two decades, these policy objectives have been constructed as in competition. This paper traces the history of the construction of the ‘arts as industry’ in Australian arts policy. In conclusion, it queries the more recent terms in which ‘arts as industry’ policy objectives have been set as in opposition to ‘public provision’ models of arts subvention.
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Jayaraman, Tiru K., Lin Sea Lau, and Cheong Fatt Ng. "Role of Financial Sector Development as a Contingent Factor in the Remittances and Growth Nexus: A Panel Study of Pacific Island Countries." Remittances Review 3, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i1.426.
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Except for emergencies and for technical assistance for raising skills and institution building, foreign aid to Pacific island countries (PICs) for budgetary support has been phased out since the late 1990s. Because of the small sized domestic markets, foreign direct investment (FDI) is small and is confined to development of tourism infrastructure. On the other hand, inward remittances received from the rising number of islanders migrating overseas for work are increasing, far exceeding aid and FDI. However, influence of remittances on economic growth depends on financial sector development (FSD) for mobilizing the savings from the remittance receipts for domestic investment. This paper assesses the role of FSD in the nexus between remittances and economic growth through a panel study of five major PICs, namely Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu. The study findings show that the ongoing efforts for strengthening FSD have to be stepped up by focusing on financial inclusion through spread of branchless banking and promotion of information and communication technology.
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Lin, Sherry. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 9, No. 4." Higher Education Studies 9, no. 4 (November 29, 2019): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v9n4p226.
Full textAbstract:
Higher Education Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.
Higher Education Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to hes@ccsenet.org.
Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 4
Abdelaziz Mohammed, Albaha University, Saudi Arabia
Alina Mag, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Romania
Ana Maria Carneiro, University of Campinas, Brazil
Anna Liduma, University of Latvia, Latvia
Antonina Lukenchuk, National Louis University, USA
Arwa Aleryani, Saba University, Yemen
Aynur Yürekli, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Bahar Gün, İzmir University of Economics, Turkey
Bo Chang, Ball State University, USA
Deniz Ayse Yazicioglu, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Dibakar Sarangi, Teacher Education and State Council for Educational research and Training, India
Donna.Smith, The Open University, UK
Geraldine N. Hill, Elizabeth City State University, USA
Hüseyin Serçe, Selçuk University, Turkey
Jisun Jung, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Kartheek R. Balapala, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
Laith Ahmed Najam, Mosul University, Iraq
Lung-Tan Lu, Fo Guang University, Taiwan
Mei Jiun Wu, University of Macau, China
Meric Ozgeldi, Mersin University, Turkey
Najia Sabir, Indiana University Bloomington, USA
Okedeyi Sakiru Abiodun, Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Nigeria
Prashneel Ravisan Goundar, Fiji National University, Fiji
Qing Xie, Jiangnan University, China
Rafizah Mohd Rawian, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Ranjit Kaur Gurdial Singh, The Kilmore International School, Australia
Sadeeqa Sadeeqa, Lahore College For Women University Lahore, Pakistan
Samuel Byndom, Parkland College, USA
Semiyu Adejare Aderibigbe, American University in the Emirates, UAE
Suat Capuk, Adiyaman University, Faculty of Education, Turkey
Teguh Budiharso, Center of Language and Culture Studies, Indonesia
Tuija A. Turunen, University of Lapland, Finland
Xiaojiong Ding, Shanghai Normal University, China
Zahra Shahsavar, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic assistance, Australian Fiji"
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Schwebel, Amy Elizabeth. "Improving the impact of Australian aid: the role of AusAID's Office of Development Effectiveness." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/6732.
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This research is in response to the current debate on aid in Australia. The debate focuses on the volume of money allocated to aid rather than the impact. While Australian aid is still far from the UN commitment of 0.7 per cent of gross national income, this focus has kept public debate superficial and has deflected attention away from the more important discussion: is aid achieving outcomes and impacting positively in areas identified by developing countries as essential for their sustainable development.The release of the first Annual Review of Development Effectiveness provided the impetus to investigate whether the newly formed Office of Development Effectiveness (ODE) will introduce changes that will improve Australia’s approach to aid. Framed within national interest, development and aid literature, this research analyses what limitations, if any, there are to reform of aid policies and practices in Australia.
The thesis concludes that the potential for the ODE to significantly improve the effectiveness of Australia aid is limited. It is one of many voices – including the powerful national interest agenda furthered by foreign policymakers – shaping Australian aid policy and practice. However, the furthering of Australian national interest – narrowly defined as security and economic considerations – through the aid program is at the expense of poverty alleviation objectives. This negatively affects how the development ‘problem’ is framed and thus the focus of aid policy. Furthermore, efforts to prioritise national interest considerations undermine the adoption of ‘good’ practice essential for sustainable development.
This is a political reality that is unlikely to change. Thus, the role of the ODE is to provide recommendations within this restricted framework. However, it is only through scrutiny, discussion and debate that the discrepancy between ‘good development’ in theory and in practice can be narrowed. This should also be the role of the ODE.
2
Mausio, Asinate. "Boomerangs and the Fijian dilemma : Australian aid for rural development, 1971-1987." Phd thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150594.
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Anere, Ray L. "Australian aid to Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu." Master's thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148746.
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Lyttle, David M. J. "Democracy, dictatorship and development : European Union Pacific development policy in action : a study of Fijian society since December 2006 : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in European Studies in the University of Canterbury /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3741.
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Asayama, Yumiko. "Pacific Island responses to Australian and Japanese government assistance in dealing with problems of adaptation to climate change." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150369.
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It is widely acknowledged that the Pacific Island Countries (PICs) are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change and that they have limited resources and capacity to deal with the problems of adaptation without assistance from the international community. While PICs might logically take a regional approach in requesting international assistance to implement adaptation measures, climate change affects a wide range of activities. This study examined Pacific Island responses to donors' assistance, with particular focus on Australian and Japanese assistance and explored cross-sectoral issues associated with planning and implementation of adaptation measures by PICs. Australia asserts that a scientific knowledge base and capacity to use timely locally tailored scientific data is a fundamental requirement for guide policy makers and planners to provide cost-effective resource management and the implementation of locally appropriate adaptation measures. Australia has provided assistance on that basis through its overseas aid program from the early 1990s. However, given the diversity of local concerns, the different stakeholders have different perceptions of the threat and risks of climate change and preferred response measures. Under these conditions, robust scientific knowledge alone does not necessarily translate into sensible decision-making processes, in the absence of further assistance to assist PIC in enhancing their institutional capacity and to implement climate change projects. Japanese assistance, which specifically targets climate change in PICs, was found to be limited to the promotion of climate change research and human resource development. More broadly, Japanese ODA has prioritized PICs' environmental problems and the improvement of their livelihood over time, because the primary objective of Japanese assistance is to support PICs' taking ownership of their own development through capacity development with its grant aid and technical cooperation. Interviewees' opinions, particularly those of government officials, regarding Japan's assistance indicated that PICs adaptation needs were generally consistent with their needs for livelihood improvement and economic growth. Responses also revealed that it was of fundamental importance to PICs that donors' recognize and understand the diverse condition in each country and develop individually tailored responses through comprehensive program-based assistance. The delivery of Japanese ODA on a bilateral basis was thus welcomed by many PICs. It is clear that PICs are unable to implement the necessary adaptation responses without significant financial and technical assistance from donors. Interviewees responses tended to highlight their personal or agencies' preferred process for obtaining and delivering aid. Both Australian and Japanese assistance to date have provided little impetus for institutional change to promote a long-term commitment to the implementation of adaptation measures by PICs. In addition, the different funding mechanisms have caused institutional fragmentation between agencies in PICs, resulting in limited information sharing and lack of policy coordination across agencies. Donor expectations and PICs' adaptation needs are unlikely to be met until PICs' institutional challenges, including the ability to effectively utilize existing funds, are addressed.
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Achren, Lynda. "Whose development? a cultural analysis of an AusAID English language project in the Lao People's Democratic Republic /." 2007. http://wallaby.vu.edu.au/adt-VVUT/public/adt-VVUT20070917.125308/index.html.
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Batten, Aaron. "Aid effectiveness in the small island developing states of the South Pacific." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148450.
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Oakman, Daniel. "Crossing the frontier : Australia, Asia and the Colombo Plan, 1950-1965." Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/120880.
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The Colombo Plan for Cooperative Economic Development of South and
Southeast Asia developed out of a meeting of Commonwealth Foreign Ministers in
Ceylon, January 1950. To date, few scholars have examined the Colombo Plan in any
significant detail and most assessments focus on the development of educational links
between Australia and Asia, largely because of the significant numbers of scholars who
came to Australia under the scheme.
This thesis explores the Colombo Plan from a variety of perspectives, focusing on
the economic, political, social and strategic context surrounding the emergence and
implementation of the program between 1950 and 1965. This thesis argues that the
Colombo Plan had a much broader political and cultural agenda, and cannot be
understood from a humanitarian perspective alone. The Colombo Plan was an attempt to
counter communist expansion in the newly independent nations of Southeast Asia by
raising living standards and thus removing the conditions considered likely to create
popular sympathy for communist forces. More significantly, the Colombo Plan, with its
modernist assumptions about the importance of development, technology and social
progress, was to be a vehicle for the transmission of Western values.
By exploring the cultural, ideological and political underpinnings of the Colombo
Plan, this thesis illustrates that the plan was an important part of Australian foreign policy,
and was motivated by international security priorities and the need to allay domestic
cultural concerns. One of the important ways Australia expressed and promoted its
political and economic interests in the Asian region was through the Colombo Plan. This
scheme functioned as a humanitarian program intended to improve the living conditions
in Asian countries, however, it also operated as ‘unspoken propaganda’ designed to
improve trade relations, establish diplomatic and cultural contacts, and help deflect
criticism of the White Australia Policy. This examination of the Colombo Plan reveals
the changing nature of Australia’s regional identity and the nature of its engagement with
Asia during the 1950s and early 1960s.
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Mather, Glenda M. (Glenda Mary). "A politics of culture and identity : education and development in Oceania / Glenda M. Mather." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18747.
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Bibliography: leaves 373-418.xiv, 418 leaves : maps ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Politics, 1996?
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Mather, Glenda M. (Glenda Mary). "A politics of culture and identity : education and development in Oceania / Glenda M. Mather." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18747.
Full textBooks on the topic "Economic assistance, Australian Fiji"
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Fiji background paper and NZAID/Fiji country programme strategy. Fiji?]: NZAID, 2005.
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2
Da, Costa Hilary, Australian Indonesian Association Victoria, and Monash University. Centre of Southeast Asian Studies., eds. Australian aid to Indonesia. Clayton, Vic., Australia: Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1991.
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3
Australia. Parliament. Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence, and Trade. A review of the Australian International Development Assistance Bureau and Australia's overseas aid program. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1989.
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Abbott, David. Report on social assistance in Fiji: Context and framework for a technical assistance program. Fiji: Ministry of Women, Social Welfare and Poverty, 2009.
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Bank, Asian Development. Country strategy and program update (2003-2005): Republic of the Fiji Islands. [Suva, Fiji]: Asian Development Bank, 2002.
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Blackburn, Susan. Practical visionaries: A study of Community Aid Abroad. Carlton, Vic: Melbourne University Press, 1993.
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McGillivray, Mark. The political economy of Australian bilateral aid allocations. Bundoora, Vic., Australia: School of Economics, La Trobe University, 1985.
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Gounder, Rukmani. Overseas aid motivations: The economics of Australia's bilateral aid. Aldershot: Avebury, 1995.
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Australia. Parliament. Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence, and Trade. Report on visit to New Caledonia. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1989.
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Australian Agency for International Development. Review of the effectiveness of NGO programs. Canberra: Australia Agency for International Development, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Economic assistance, Australian Fiji"
1
Thompson, Helen. "Building Local Capacity via Scaleable Web-Based Services." In Electronic Services, 1310–18. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-967-5.ch080.
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Information communications technology (ICT) has been identified as a key enabler in the achievement of regional and rural success, particularly in terms of economic and business development. The potential of achieving equity of service through improved communications infrastructure and enhanced access to government, health, education, and other services has been identified. ICT has also been linked to the aspiration of community empowerment, where dimensions include revitalizing a sense of community, building regional capacity, enhancing democracy, and increasing social capital. In Australia, there has been a vision for online services to be used to open up regional communities to the rest of the world. Government support has been seen “as enhancing the competence levels of local economies and communities so they become strong enough to deal equitably in an increasingly open marketplace” (McGrath & More, 2002, p. 40). In a regional and rural context, the availability of practical assistance is often limited. Identification of the most appropriate online services for a particular community is sometimes difficult (Ashford, 1999; Papandrea & Wade, 2000; Pattulock & Albury Wodonga Area Consultative Committee, 2000). Calls, however, continue for regional communities to join the globalized, online world. These are supported by the view that success today is based less and less on natural resource wealth, labor costs, and relative exchange rates, and more and more on individual knowledge, skills, and innovation. But how can regional communities “grab their share of this wealth” and use it to strengthen local communities (Simpson 1999, p. 6)? Should communities be moving, as Porter (2001, p. 18) recommends (for business), away from the rhetoric about “Internet industries,” “e-business strategies,” and the “new economy,” to see the Internet as “an enabling technology—a powerful set of tools that can be used, wisely or unwisely, in almost any industry and as part of almost any strategy?” Recent Australian literature (particularly government literature) does indeed demonstrate somewhat of a shift in terms of the expectations of ICT and e-commerce (National Office for the Information Economy, 2001; Multimedia Victoria, 2002; National Office for the Information Economy, 2002). Consistent with reflections on international industry experience, there is now a greater emphasis on identifying locally appropriate initiatives, exploring opportunities for improving existing communication and service quality, and for using the Internet and ICT to support more efficient community processes and relationships (Hunter, 1999; Municipal Association of Victoria and ETC Electronic Trading Concepts Pty Ltd., 2000; National Office for the Information Economy, 2002). The objective of this article is to explore whether welldeveloped and well-implemented online services can make a positive contribution to the future of regional and rural communities. This will be achieved by disseminating some of the learning from the implementation of the MainStreet Regional Portal project (www.mainstreet.net.au). To provide a context for this case study, the next section introduces some theory relevant to virtual communities and portals. The concept of online communities is introduced and then literature is reviewed to identify factors that have been acknowledged as important in the success of online community and portal initiatives.