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1
Chugunov, Igor, Valentyna Makohon, Tatjana Kaneva, and Iryna Adamenko. "Influence of financial support of human capital development on economic growth." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 2 (May 18, 2022): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(2).2022.22.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the issue of strengthening the financial support of human capital development and enhancing its impact on economic growth. This study aims to assess the impact of financial support of human capital development in terms of public spending on health and education on economic growth. Economic-statistical methods and correlation-regression analysis are used to determine the impact of the share of public spending on health and education in GDP on real GDP, and to assess the characteristics of financial support of human capital development. The study reveals evidence of a link between the level of public funding for human capital development and real GDP. At the same time, for Ukraine and the countries-full members of the Commonwealth of Independent States, in particular Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Belarus, the Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan, and Russia, the results of the study were mixed. In recent years, with the share of public spending on health and education in GDP growing by 1 percentage point, real GDP has grown in 4 and 5 countries, respectively, and decreased in 5 and 4 countries out of 9 studied. The results show that a significant deterrent to strengthening the financial support of human capital development and its impact on economic growth is a significant level of uncertainty in economic processes, which determines the importance of revising the forms and methods of public financing of human capital.
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Chijioke, Amadi Kelvin, and Alolote Ibim Amadi. "Human Capital Investment as a Catalyst for Sustainable Economic Development in Nigeria." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 5, no. 5 (2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.55.1002.
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Human capital development presupposes investments, activities, and processes facilitating the generation of technical and expert knowledge; skills, health or values that are embodied in people. It implies maintaining an appropriate balance and key massive human resource base and providing an encouraging environment for all individuals to be fully engaged and contribute to organizational or national goals. Human capital development is necessary in order for National development to occur. In addition, human capital development teaches people how to utilize the advantages of diverse thinking styles (analytical and intuitive) so that they achieve the best holistic practical solutions. Human capital development and training are basically the same. This paper aims to examine the meaning of human capital development in relation to nation-building. The authors also took a cursory look at the concept of business education and its roles for sustainable development for nation-building. The study examined human capital investment as a catalyst for sustainable economic environment in Nigeria. The broad objective of the study is to analyze the effect of human capital investment on the Nigerian economy from 1986 to2017. The data used for the study were sourced from the central bank statistical bulletin and national bureau of Statistics. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) techniques were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study reveal that there is a positive relationship between government expenditure on health and real gross domestic product. The adjusted coefficient of determination (R2) shows that 97.3% of variations in the real gross domestic product is being accounted for by government expenditure on education, government expenditure on health and gross capital formation while the remaining 2.7% is accounted for by variables not included in the model. The study suggests that Nigerian policymakers should pay more attention to the health sector and increase its yearly budgetary allocation to it. Nevertheless, the key to achieving best results lies not in ordinarily increasing particular budgetary allocation but rather in implementing a public expenditure and revenue and ensuring the usage of the allocated fund as transparently as possible.
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Yan, Yu Xiao. "Technical Analysis on Relationships of Human Capital and Economic Growth." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.211.
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Shanxi province has already made tremendous progress in economics, and human capital development in Shanxi province should be kept as before. This paper attends to analysis that human capital and economic growth is correlated positively in Shanxi province by analysis the data in 30 years before via technical aspect. Improvement per capita level of education, the proportion of higher education, the proportion of secondary and primary education to the population is conducive to economic development. The results of this paper show increasing proportion of the higher education population plays a greater role on economic growth in Shanxi Province.
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Spring, Joel. "Globalization of Education." International Journal of Chinese Education 1, no. 2 (2012): 139–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340002.
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Abstract This article examines the political, economic, and social forces shaping global education policies. Of particular concern is global acceptance of human capital ideology and its stress on education as the key to economic growth. Human capital ideology encompasses consumerism which is a driving force in global economics. This article discusses the role of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the World Bank, and global education businesses in globalizing education policies and human capital ideology. An alternative to human capital ideology is an educational paradigm based on the goals of longevity and happiness.
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Barefield, Alan. "Discussion: Human Capital and Rural Economic Development." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 41, no. 2 (August 2009): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080000290x.
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One of the most critical elements of a nation's social infrastructure is its system of education. Concerns with accessibility, achievement, and choice are significant elements in determining the quality of life for all communities, but most especially for rural communities where resources, and in many cases, opportunities, are perceived to be less plentiful than for their urban and suburban counterparts.
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Buşoi, Simona. "Education and health, components of human development." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.2.17.
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Education and health are components of human capital, but also of human development. Man, through his creative force, it was considered an economic resource. Although intangible assets – human capital as main component of intellectual capital – are those that generate growth and development, we are currently witnessing a paradigm shift in economic and social field: human been is no longer regarded as a resource, as means to growth and development, but his welfare constitutes the very purpose of growth and development. This paper aims to present some interdependences between education and health as components of human development.
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Thamma-Apiroam, Rewat. "Human Capital and the Level of Economic Development." Asian Social Science 14, no. 2 (January 29, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n2p31.
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This study aims at testing the causal relationship between human capital via the government spending share on education and economic growth using cross-country evidence and investigating the relationship pattern between such human capital – growth and the level of economic development based on 30 country data. The study employs a standard approach through uniting root test and Granger causality test. The data is annually collected during the periods 1983 – 2012, totaling to 30 observations. The finding indicates that for both developing and developed countries, education human capital cannot explain much the economic growth and vice versa. In addition, from the relationship pattern between human capital – growth and the economic development level neutrality is the most commonly found pattern for both developing and developed countries. However, we see somewhat difference between them in terms of causation running from growth to human capital. That is, the number of developed countries is almost double as compared to the developing ones. This gives rise to a policy implication for developed countries in that it should put more emphasis on the government education spending share to GDP since it can help boost human capital in the long run.
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Dasgupta, Partha. "Nature's role in sustaining economic development." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1537 (January 12, 2010): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0231.
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In this paper, I formalize the idea of sustainable development in terms of intergenerational well-being. I then sketch an argument that has recently been put forward formally to demonstrate that intergenerational well-being increases over time if and only if a comprehensive measure of wealth per capita increases. The measure of wealth includes not only manufactured capital, knowledge and human capital (education and health), but also natural capital (e.g. ecosystems). I show that a country's comprehensive wealth per capita can decline even while gross domestic product (GDP) per capita increases and the UN Human Development Index records an improvement. I then use some rough and ready data from the world's poorest countries and regions to show that during the period 1970–2000 wealth per capita declined in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, even though the Human Development Index (HDI) showed an improvement everywhere and GDP per capita increased in all places (except in sub-Saharan Africa, where there was a slight decline). I conclude that, as none of the development indicators currently in use is able to reveal whether development has been, or is expected to be, sustainable, national statistical offices and international organizations should now routinely estimate the (comprehensive) wealth of nations.
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Nishimura, Kazuo. "Human Capital and Economic Growth." Impact 2021, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2021.3.58.
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Education is invaluable. In addition to helping shape individuals it also has economic and societal benefits, enhancing productivity in industries, for example. However, such long-term impacts don't manifest immediately and, therefore, the effects of home and school education cannot be quantified until a child becomes an adult and enters the workforce. This is why researchers are seeking to empirically investigate the true impact of education. Professor Kazuo Nishimura, Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration, Kobe University, Japan, is working with Professor Tadashi Yagi and other collaborators to determine the relationship between what children are taught and how this influences knowledge and skills in adult life. He is seeking to unearth new discoveries related to the normative attitudes that are generated through family education and how these can affect human capital; specifically, the knowledge, skills and abilities that workers acquire as capital. Nishimura's research involves conducting surveys on family education, the results of which are widely applicable, encompassing parenting at home, human resource development in businesses, student teaching in schools, and the attitudes of children. In a study on parenting methods in relation to norm awareness, social issues and the perspectives of family in adulthood, Nishimura found that: qualities such as honesty can enhance an individual's interests, parenting that encourages independence leads to greater future success for children and self-determination has a bigger impact on wellbeing than income. These findings will enable Nishimura and his collaborators to develop evidence-based recommendations.
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Budiman, Muhammad Akbar. "Human Capital, Labour Force, And Economic Growth: Case Study of Across Regions in Indonesia." Modern Economics 28, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v28(2021)-03.
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Abstract. Introduction. Human development in education, health, and decent living increases, the accumulated human capital increases. The increase in production factors in the form of human development as a whole will increase output. In aggregate, an increase in the accumulation of human capital will impact the use of production factors as a source that replaces accumulated physical capital with human capital. Based on endogenous growth theory, human capital accumulation will create knowledge that will produce higher knowledge output. This research focuses on analyzing economic growth in Indonesia regarding endogenous factors, including the Government Expenditure Ratio for Education and Health, Human Development Index, and Labor Force Participation Rate by all provinces in Indonesia. The data used in this study are secondary for the period 2011-2020 and cross-sectional from 34 provinces in Indonesia. The analysis technique uses quantitative with Panel Data regression analysis tool. Purpose. This study analyzes the effect of the Government Expenditure Ratio on Education and Health, Human Development Index, and Labor Force Participation Rate on Economic Growth in Indonesia. Results. Education and Health Expenditure Ratio, HDI, and TPAK have a positive effect on Economic Growth. This condition means that every increase in Education and Health Expenditures, the human development index, and the Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK) will increase economic growth. Overall economic growth is mostly determined by the Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK). Conclusions. . Increasing the Proportion of Education and Health Expenditure Ratio, improving the quality of HDI, and increasing LFPR will impact increasing Economic Growth in Indonesia. Thus, to further increase spending on education and health, the availability of employment opportunities will result in the accumulation of human capital, which will increase economic growth in the long term.
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Hlavna, Deborah P. "Economic Development, Human Capital Theory and the Community College." Community College Review 19, no. 4 (April 1992): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009155219201900407.
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Alpeeva, E. A., and E. A. Okunkova. "Justification of a new paradigm of interaction between human capital and economic growth in the innovative economy." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1634-2020-4-471-481.
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. Human capital theory serves as the scientific basis for development of innovative economics. It is human capital that determines the maintenance of quality parameters of economic growth providing for efficient development of economics of modern states. The purpose of the authors is to justify theoretical and methodological expositions of human capital management in the innovative economics. The latter is regarded as an economic system based on the innovative activity of the business entities and individuals, on the permanent technological enhancement. Such an economic system is developing due to on-going generation of new knowledge. The authors present the results of their copyright study of genesis of system human capital paradigm of innovative economics as a research concept which implements and concretizes a holistic approach to revealing the patterns and causal relationships within the system of human capital of innovative development. The method of the study is based on using monographic method, statistical methods, charts, tables, graphs and other means to visualize the findings. As a result, the authors ascertain the shift in the economic science from classical understanding of how economic growth is impacted by education in innovative economics to considering economic growth as the main driver for development of education. The authors adduce the results of statistical analysis of interrelation between the volumes of technological innovation expenditures, the aggregate level of organizations’ innovative activity and the index of human development on the international level. By means of nonparametric methods the authors discover that the development of human capital, educational potential and the level of innovation development in the regions of Russia are moderately interrelated. The authors come to the conclusion that Russian economics is unique in comparison with other countries due to the combination of the high level of human capital development and low pace of economic and innovative development. As a result, they have found out that, considered as part of human capital management providing for innovative development, investments in education can be more efficient only if science, education and business integrate to train their employees within the context of the new paradigm of interrelation between human capital and economic growth in innovative economics in which investment in innovation and technology is regarded as the main driver of development of education.
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Wibawa, Ginan, Rizzal Muttaqin, and Fitriana Dewi Sumaryana. "The Effect of Human Capital on Economic Growth in Islamic Economic Perspective: Evidence from Bandung Regency." Eco-Iqtishodi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah 2, no. 2 (October 11, 2021): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/ecoiqtishodi.v2i2.687.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of human capital on economic growth in Bandung Regency. This research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis. The data used are secondary data from BPS for the period 2010-2019. Human capital is represented by education by measuring the average length of schooling and health by measuring life expectancy, while economic growth uses per capita GRDP. The results of the analysis with a significance level of 5% indicate that education and health have a positive and significant influence on economic growth in Bandung Regency. It shows the valuable role of human capital as one of the central sources to encourage regional economic development. Economic growth, that main focus is on human development, is following Islamic economic growth principles. So that economic development must be oriented to improving human dignity as a whole.
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Baidybekova, S. K., and S. B. Sauranbay. "The Role of Human Capital in the Economic Development of Countries." Economics: the strategy and practice 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-2-111-125.
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Human capital is the main valuable resource of states, the development of the economies of countries and regions as a whole. In many works of scientists and economists, the problems of development, formation, and effective use of human capital are reflected. In a market economy, the development competitiveness of countries depends on the level of progress, which includes the introduction of new advanced innovations. For determining the level of development of countries, the indicators are taken as volume of gross domestic product, life expectancy, level of education and etc. The main factor on development and formation of human capital is education. In a market, the role of education has increased by providing socio-economic and competitive education. The main task of article is the creation of qualified education system in necessary conditions for each individual, which will be contributed to the development and improvement of human capital. The purpose of the study is to consider the rating of human capital in separate countries, their role in the economy and factors of human development. The main sources of the study were data from electronic resources and from the World Bank. The following tasks were solved: reflects the rating of human capital by country and region; the role of human capital in the economies of individual countries is determined; reflects the main measures for the development of human capital in countries and regions; tools and criteria for the development and improvement of human capital are defined.
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Viphindrartin, Sebastiana. "Financial Development, Human Capital, Economic Growth in Indonesia." Tamansiswa Accounting Journal International 3, no. 1 (October 21, 2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/taji/vol312021009.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate Financial Development, Human Capital, and Economic Growth in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from the World Bank with a sample of 90 developing countries in an annual time period from 2000 to 2020 with the generalized method of moment (GMM). ) models. For the human capital development sector, we use two namely secondary school enrollment (SSE) and primary school pupil-teacher ratio (PPTR). We found that more schools are built and more teachers are working in the education sector, which is indicated by a decrease in the teacher-student ratio, which has an impact on increasing economic growth.
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Kozuń-Cieślak, Grażyna. "Does the efficiency of public investment in human capital affect the country’s economic development?" Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu 64, no. 10 (2020): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2020.10.04.
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Modern theories of economic growth emphasize the meaning of the investment in human capital as the most profitable. Although the positive relationship between public investment in human capital and the country’s economic development is commonly accepted, the answer to the question of whether the efficiency of this investment is crucial for welfare, is no longer so obvious. The aim of this study is to recognize the relationship between the technical efficiency of public spending on human capital and the economic development in the sample of 28 EU states. For this purpose DEA method was applied to evaluate the efficiency of public expenditure on healthcare and education in order to build human capital. Then, DEA scores were correlated with countries’ economic development indicators expressed by GDP per capita. The study proves that the commonly accepted dependency between the potential of human capital and countries’ welfare is not reflected in the correlation between countries’ GDP per capita and the DEA efficiency of public investment in human capital
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Krokeyi, Wisdom Selekekeme, and Beauty Okuboere Niyekpemi. "Human capital and economic growth nexus in Nigeria." Journal of Global Economics and Business 2, no. 6 (July 1, 2022): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31039/jgeb.v2i6.57.
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The importance of human capital to economic growth and development cannot be overstressed, particularly for the fact that human capital is central to the development process of any economy. Therefore, this study examines the impact of human capital development on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 – 2018. The study used the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique, and it focuses on the impact of government expenditure on education, health, and economic growth and the direction of causality between the human capital variables and economic growth in Nigeria. The findings show that government expenditure on education statistically and significantly affects real GDP. However, government expenditure on health had a positive and insignificant impact on real GDP. It was also found that gross fixed capital formation and population growth positively and statistically significantly affects real GDP and foreign direct investment had a negative and insignificant impact on real GDP. Also, a significant unidirectional causality was found running from government expenditures on education and health to real GDP. The study recommends, therefore, that expenditure on education be sustained and increase healthcare expenditure. These recommendations, no doubt, would bring about qualitative human capital that would further enhance economic growth and development in Nigeria.
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Khatoon, Raheela, Iqbal Javed, and Muhammad Munawar Hayat. "Impact of human capital on economic growth: A case study of Pakistan." Journal of Social Sciences Advancement 2, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jssa21-020202-15.
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A country is prosperous if it has efficient development programs. Human capital contains resources like education, health, training, skills etc. For economic progress these qualities are very vital. Basic objective of this research is to explain the impact of human capital on growth and development of economics sector of the Pakistan. Because today in the developing countries, human development and growth has becomes the burning issues. To analyse the association between human capital and economic growth, used GDP as a dependent variable. This study further use Human development index as independent variable. Proxy of human development index consist of education index, health, fertility, infant mortality, life expectancy and sanitation. Our focus will be more on the education. Time series data for the years 1990-2019 were used. ARDL model was used by incorporating the human capital formation with other explanatory variables. The findings shows that the human capital has positive and significant impact on growth and the negative influence on the population and infant mortality rate.
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Kosorukova, Irina Vyacheslavovna, Olesya Gennadievna Kukharenko, Viktor Dmitrievich Orekhov, Helena Piel, and Anzor Khasanbievich Karanashev. "Benefits and drivers of inclusive human capital development." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3B (September 23, 2021): 337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173b1559p.337-355.
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The paper aims to analyze the benefits and drivers of economic transformation through the development of human capital using inclusive principles. The study is a continuation of a series of works on modeling the system of labor activity using the factors of knowledge, education, and human capital. The research methodology includes both quantitative studies of the impact of knowledge and education on economic dynamics, and qualitative studies of the benefits and forces that promote and counteract fruitful inclusive changes. According to the analysis of the field of forces, the factors that counteract inclusive socio-economic changes (educational differentiation, the desire to have wealth and power) have, in general, high strength. The forces that contribute to change are relatively less powerful, but more numerous, which allows counting on the successful implementation of positive inclusive changes.
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Арсаханова, Зина Абдуловна. "Investments in human capital and vocational education." Management of Education, no. 4(44) (September 15, 2021): 274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25726/w4865-8703-6801-y.
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Сформированный и развитый человеческий капитал является основой развития социально-экономических систем любого уровня. При этом эффективность деятельности субъектов экономических отношений напрямую зависит от кадровой составляющей их экономического потенциала, ведь ответственный, квалифицированный и мотивированный персонал является основой успешной реализации управленческих решений, реализации стратегий развития, соблюдения экономической безопасности субъекта. В свою очередь, если все без исключения проблемные вопросы мотивации персонала к достижению целей организации, как субъекта экономических отношений, решаются на микроуровне, то есть во внутренне-организационном среде, то проблемы формирования ответственности и квалификации наемных работников напрямую зависит от приобретенной ими образования. Указанное актуализирует роль и значение системы высшего образования, которая уже на протяжении более чем двадцати лет стала не привилегией наиболее одаренных, а настоящим источником квалифицированных кадров для всех сфер, секторов и отраслей национальной экономики, как системообразующей звенья процесса формирования человеческого капитала субъектов экономической, прежде всего, производственно-коммерческой деятельности. Последнее предопределяет приоритетность развития именно субъектов предоставления образовательных услуг в сфере высшего образования, как субъектов и объектов инвестиционной деятельности с учетом дуалистического характера источников и результатов инвестиций. Formed and developed human capital is the basis for the development of socio-economic systems at any level. At the same time, the effectiveness of the activities of subjects of economic relations directly depends on the personnel component of their economic potential, because responsible, qualified and motivated personnel is the basis for the successful implementation of management decisions, the implementation of development strategies, compliance with the economic security of the subject. In turn, if all the problematic issues of personnel motivation to achieve the goals of the organization, as a subject of economic relations, are solved at the micro level, that is, in the internal organizational environment, then the problems of forming the responsibility and qualifications of employees directly depend on the education they have acquired. This actualizes the role and importance of the higher education system, which for more than twenty years has become not a privilege of the most gifted, but a real source of qualified personnel for all spheres, sectors and branches of the national economy, as a system-forming link in the process of forming the human capital of economic entities, primarily industrial and commercial activities. The latter determines the priority of the development of the subjects of providing educational services in the field of higher education, as subjects and objects of investment activity, taking into account the dualistic nature of the sources and results of investment.
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Bartlett, Lesley. "Human Capital or Human Connections? The Cultural Meanings of Education in Brazil." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 109, no. 7 (July 2007): 1613–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810710900708.
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Background/Context In the field of educational research, conventional wisdom holds that primary-level schooling, specifically literacy acquisition, promotes economic mobility for individuals and economic development for the nation. This belief is rooted in human capital theory, the causal argument claiming that state investment in schooling or training increases worker productivity and therefore workers’ incomes, owners’ profits, and (ultimately) national development through economic growth. The idea that literacy instruction yields economic and other forms of development, which features widely in global educational policy documents, constitutes what anthropologist Brian Street called an “autonomous” model of literacy, one that suggests that literacy instruction results in automatic “effects” on individual and national economic development. Focus of Study Arguing against human capital theory and other autonomous models of literacy, this article reveals how the outcomes of literacy schooling are mediated by complex social interactions and by the meanings that students attach to schooling. Research Design This article draws on 24 months of ethnographic research with highly impoverished literacy students from four literacy programs in two Brazilian cities. Findings/Results This article shows three things. First, the students interviewed for the study talked about education not only as book learning and formal study but also as sociability and manners. Second, they said that sociability and manners derive, in part, from schooling. Third, the students consistently remarked, and my observations confirmed, that the economic opportunities that attendance at school opened for them were the product of their development as “educated” people, which contributed to their efforts to extend and maintain social networks. Conclusions/Recommendations The data presented in this article suggest a need to reconsider key theories and dominant discourses about literacy and economic development that, rooted in human capital theory, predict a tight, causal link between learning to read and write and improved economic opportunities. Instead, I argue that the social, political, and/or economic benefits of literacy must be examined in light of a sociocultural, interactional model of education.
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Maher, Asaad Hamdi. "Trends in human capital formation in the Kurdistan Region - Iraq." Journal of University of Human Development 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v3n2y2017.pp333-353.
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Despite different attitudes, Most economists stressed on the importance of human capital ,and its positive impact on the economic development process and the effectiveness of the physical production elements, these elements may not have that functionality without the human element. Thus, the human capital within education cycle education in capital formation is the most productive elements that can contribute to economic development.
Economic growth theories suggest that technical progress increases in the long term and technical progress rapidly when a better educated workforce, hence the human capital information helps in technical progress and is a source of sustainable development. Moreover, current study aims to identify the human capital and the importance of investing in education, and how to build human capital formation by investing in people through education in Kurdistan region-Iraq. Besides, verify the hypothesis which suggests that increased spending in education contributes to the development of human capital being provides the basis for individual breakthrough by developing his skills and creativity to achieve economic and social development goals, and that expenditure on education in Kurdistan-Iraq achieved a marked quantitative change but did not play its role in developing human capital.
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Ilić, Vojislav, Igor Novaković, and Slobodan Cvetanović. "CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 1 (December 10, 2018): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij280125i.
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During the last decade of the last century, the concept of capital in scientific literature has been significantly expanded. Namely, for decades, the belief that the category of capital includes only visible resources has been modified in terms of extending its comprehensiveness to intangible resources, such as human and social capital. Human capital encompasses knowledge, skills, competencies and characteristics embodied in the individual, which enable the creation of personal, social and economic well-being, while social capital represents the capital of cooperation, interaction, mutual trust and help. When it comes to education, the ability to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills and competences is crucial for the economic and social progress of individual countries. Unlike physical capital that is completely tangible, human and social capital are intangible. Recent approaches, as components of human capital, in addition to education and the level of health status of the population, outline the characteristics of people and societies that have an impact on the effects of work, including factors of ability, motivation and culture, etc. Some experts extend the content of human capital to individual characteristics of people such as creativity, innovation, motivation, attitudes (about life, business, etc.), diligence, responsibility, perseverance, self-initiative, communication success, problem solving, critical thinking, self-study, flexibility and adaptability. The paper considers the contribution of education as one of the basic and absolutely indisputable component of human capital to the development of social capital. It has come to the conclusion that countries with high education of the population tend to become richer and to invest more and more resources in the development of their own processing system. Therefore, in current business conditions in the process of creating human capital, the importance of activities focused on lifelong education and professional development is especially important. Both types of capital are developing in close interdependence. The increase in human capital corresponds significantly to the development of social capital. On the contrary, social capital represents an essential premise of increasing the efficiency of human capital. Moreover, there is not a small number of authors who regard certain attributes of social capital as human capital components. Considering the contribution of education as a component of human capital to the development of social capital, it can be concluded that education does so because it helps young people to recognize their duties as members of society, promote civil and social engagement of people and influence human behavior. Citizens with higher education have a high degree of civic and social engagement. The educated people are much more involved in their communities and take practical steps to improve the welfare of communities in which they live contributing, among other things, to the development of social capital.
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Adam, Latif, and Siwage Dharma Negara. "Improving Human Capital through Better Education to Support Indonesia’s Economic Development." Economics and Finance in Indonesia 61, no. 2 (August 1, 2015): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/efi.v61i2.506.
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AbstractDespite Indonesia’s impressive economic growth, it still lags behind other countries with a similar income level in terms of the quality of its human capital. This paper argues that one key factor explaining this low quality of human capital relates to the lack of focus and clear strategies to develop its education system. This paper attempts to assess Indonesia’s current state of human capital development with particular focus on its education sector. In order to benefit from its demographic bonus, Indonesia needs to to improve its current education and skill training system. Better education and skill training system will support the country’s effort to reduce poverty and youth unemployment. The effectiveness of public spending in education should be improved to raise the quality of education. Indonesia needs to integrate its human capital development plan with its economic master plan.Keywords: Human Capital; Poverty; Unemployment; Education; DevelopmentAbstrakMeskipun mencatatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang mengagumkan, kualitas sumber daya manusia Indonesia masih tertinggal dibandingkan negara lain dengan tingkat penghasilan setara. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa faktor kunci yang menjelaskan rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia berhubungan dengan ketiadaan strategi yang terfokus dan jelas untuk mengembangkan sistem pendidikan Indonesia. Tulisan ini menilai kondisi kekinian dari pengembangan sumber daya manusia Indonesia dengan fokus khusus pada sektor pendidikan. Agar dapat mengoptimalkan manfaat dari bonus demografi, Indonesia perlu membenahi sistem pendidikan dan pelatihan keterampilan. Sistem pendidikan dan pelatihan keterampilan yang lebih baik akan menunjang upaya pengentasan kemiskinan dan pengurangan pengangguran muda. Efektivitas pengeluaran pemerintah di sektor pendidikan perlu ditingkatkan guna meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Indonesia perlu mengintegrasikan rencana pembangunan sumber daya manusia dengan master plan perekonomian.Kata kunci: Sumber Daya Manusia; Kemiskinan; Pengangguran; Pendidikan; PembangunanJEL classifications: I25; O15
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Mehdi, Safdari. "Workforce as an Important Factor in Iran’s Economic Development." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 1, no. 2 (May 15, 2011): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v1i2.10.
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To reach higher economic growth, investment in human capital is also needed besides material investments. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between human capital and economic growth in Iran. The theoretical framework was designed based on this assumption that the total human capital employed in the economy is divided into two sections: Human capital with higher education and lack higher education. The data were collected from 1991 to 2006 and were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model. The result of the analyses showed that there was significant relationship between human capital and economic growth. Together the independent variables explained 94% of the variance in the dependent variables. The remaining 16% was due to unidentified variables. In relation to that, we can conclude that explanatory power is high for the equation. It showed that one percent change in human capital rate lead to 58% in economic growth. Therefore human capital is regarded as an important factor in Iran's economic growth.
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Benko, N. M. "Interrelationship between Human Capital Structure and Investment in Human Capital." Business Inform 10, no. 513 (2020): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-96-104.
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Empirical researches prove a relationship between investment in human capital and economic growth, but assessing human capital itself, as well as the effectiveness of relevant investments, presents a practical problem. The article is aimed at specifying scientific approaches to generalization of investment objects, components and schemes of human capital formation for the development of a modern theoretical ground for the development of investment in the human capital of the country’s economy. To achieve this aim, the article sets a task of research on types of capital, their content characteristics, structure of human capital, investments in human capital for the needs of management of the national economic system. Important for human capital research is that investments in human capital ensure the growth of the value of human labor, and this is the most important factor in the transformation of the economy, modernization of economic institutions. By this provision is stated that economic growth is not only achieved through technology transfer, investment in physical capital and accumulation of knowledge, but also depends on human capital, including improving people’s health, reducing crime, providing appropriate social climate and institutions, as well as education. Thus, under such conditions, economic development should be considered not only as an increase in economic growth, but also as an investment in human capital ? in the components of its structure. A system-component approach is substantiated, which, unlike the existing one, defines the composition of the structure of human capital and types of investments in human capital, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of investing in human capital as the main element of productive forces.
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Ubaydullaev, Gairat Zuvaitovich. "Improving Regional Socio-Economic Policies Based on Human Capital Management." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 1166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.2256.
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Theoretical substantiation and development of an organizational and economic mechanism for managing human capital in the development of the country. The purpose of the study is to study the theoretical and methodological foundations for the development of human capital and the digital economy in the economy of Uzbekistan.The purpose of this work is to identify the development of socio-economic relations that characterize the relationship of human capital as an innovative factor in socio-economic development. The study focuses on the concepts and strategies of the country’s socio-economic development, developed by the state, giving priority attention to the growth of human capital and the development of the digital economy, the formation of targeted problem-solving programs.Comparisons and similarities in the work of our historical scientists in the development of the education system are the main goal in the growth of human capital.
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Yasinska, Tetyana. "DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A BASIS FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC RECOVERY OF UKRAINE." Educational Analytics of Ukraine, no. 2 (2022): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32987/2617-8532-2022-2-88-98.
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The current stage of development of the world economy, based on advanced digital technologies, increases the relevance of education, professionalism, and creative abilities of participants in the production process. The article is aimed at substantiating the determining role of human capital development in the economic recovery of Ukraine in the post-pandemic and post-war periods. One of the comprehensive indicators for assessing the quality of human capital is the Human Development Index. This indicator measures the country's average achievements in the following aspects of human development: long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. A review of the values of the Human Development Index and gross national income per capita of the world revealed a correlation between the two indicators. This is confirmed in the article by a graphical representation of positions of countries in the coordinate system "HDI-GNI per capita", as well as the high value of the coefficient of determination of the constructed correlation model. The mutual nature of the dependence between these indicators is formulated and substantiated. A schematic model of the relationship between human development and the economic growth of the country is proposed. The crucial role in human development of the factor of providing conditions for equal access to quality education for all segments of the population in all corners of the world is described. The article highlights targets in the field of education, the achievement of which is a benchmark of activities of the world community until 2030 according to the Sustainable Development Goals. The achievements of Ukraine in the sphere of education over the years of independence are assessed, and gaps and main directions of further work on providing the population with access to quality education are identified. The conclusion about the exceptional importance of human capital in the process of reconstruction of Ukraine is formulated.
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MATEESCU, Petronela. "Economic Development and Human Capital are Always Current Concepts." Anuarul Universitatii "Petre Andrei" din Iasi - Fascicula: Drept, Stiinte Economice, Stiinte Politice 28 (December 10, 2021): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/upalaw/77.
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The European Union established, since 2000, a major objective, the development of human capital, so that, by 2020, we may have the most dynamic society and an economy based on knowledge. In the current context of economic development, human resources are the primordial element of competition. The investment in human capital, education, training, and health involves the adjustment of human resources to the structural change of the economy based on efficiency. This article presents the influence of genuine “intangible assets” on the development of society.
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Gebrehiwot, Kidanemariam Gidey. "The Impact of Human Capital Development on Economic Growth in Ethiopia: Evidence from ARDL Approach to Co-Integration." American Journal of Trade and Policy 1, no. 3 (December 31, 2014): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v1i3.374.
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The main objective of the study was to investigate the long run and short run impact of human capital on economic growth in Ethiopia (using real GDP per capita, as a proxy for economic growth) over the period 1974/75-2010/2011. The ARDL Approach to Co-integration and Error Correction Model are applied in order to investigate the long-run and short run impact of Human capital on Economic growth. The finding of the Bounds test shows that there is a stable long run relationship between real GDP per capita, education human capital, health human capital, labor force, gross capital formation, government expenditure and official development assistance. The estimated long run model revels that human capital in the form of health (proxied by the ratio of public expenditure on health to real GDP) is the main contributor to real GDP per capita rise followed by education human capital (proxied by secondary school enrolment). Such findings are consistent with the endogenous growth theories which argue that an improvement in human capital (skilled and healthy workers) improves productivity. In the short run, the coefficient of error correction term is -0.7366 suggesting about 73.66 percent annual adjustment towards long run equilibrium. This is another proof for the existence of a stable long run relationship among the variables. The estimated coefficients of the short-run model indicate that education is the main contributor to real GDP per capita change followed by gross capital formation (one period lagged value) and government expenditure (one period lagged value). But, unlike its long run significant impact, health has no significant short run impact on the economy. Even its one period lag has a significant negative impact on the economy.
The above results have an important policy implication. The findings of this paper imply that economic performance can be improved significantly when the ratio of public expenditure on health services to GDP increases and when secondary school enrolment improves. Such improvements have a large impact on human productivity which leads to improved national output per capita. Hence policy makers and / or the government should strive to create institutional capacity that increase school enrolment and improved basic health service by strengthening the infrastructure of educational and health institutions that produce quality manpower. In addition to its effort, the government should continue its leadership role in creating enabling environment that encourage better investment in human capital (education and health) by the private sector.
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Chobitko, Mykola. "Human capital formation by means of education." Problems of innovation and investment-driven department, no. 18 (March 1, 2019): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33813/2224-1213.18.2019.6.
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Subject of research – the process of formation of human capital by means of education Formation of human capital by means of education. The purpose of writing the article is to formulate theoretical approaches that determine the role of education in the formation of human capital in Ukraine. Methodology of work – system-structural and comparative analyzes (for the formation of human capital in educational institutions); monographic (when studying the problem of human capital formation and its components in Ukraine and in developed countries of the world); socio-economic analysis (in the study of the actual state of affairs of the educational system and its material security); forecasting (prospect of development of educational potential in Ukraine and its investment). The results of the work – proposed new approaches to the process of vocational guidance, the formation of an applicant who has a clear image of the future profession, a personally oriented trajectory of training and development throughout life. It is argued that the need to increase investment in human capital development in educational institutions has been proved. Conclusions – human capital, based on the intellectual abilities and talent of the individual, as well as knowledge and practical skills acquired in the process of learning, education and practical activities is the greatest value of the state. Improving the educational process will enable us to ensure proper social and economic development. We have no other option except a scientific and educational breakthrough.
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Mikhaylova, Nataliya, and Inna Litvinenko. "Innovative Technologies of Human Capital Development of Children with Disabilities." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, no. 3 (November 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.3.7.
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Building up human capital is the main element of the Russian regions’ strategic development, since it is a necessary basis for economic growth. Achieving high economic performance without state influence on human capital at the present stage is not possible. The article is devoted to the problem of human capital development in the context of demographic crisis in Russia, the peculiarities of migration and the high level of disabled people among employable population. Theoretical and methodological foundations of human capital formation are analyzed in the context of the need to increase the innovativeness of the Russian economy. The authors identified innovative approaches to the formation of human capital of children with disabilities in the process of obtaining education and achieving acmeological growth. The basis of the policy of increasing human capital should be an updated and objectively formed strategy for the socio-economic development of the territory. The main element of the new strategy should be measures aimed at economic growth, increasing the productivity of economic entities in the region, increasing budget profitability, and increasing the financial security of socially disadvantaged categories of citizens. The development of education, healthcare and social services should be additional elements of the region’s policy of increasing human capital.
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Đorđević, Vladimir, Milica Cvetković, and Aleksandar Momčilović. "Correlation of human development and economic growth of the national economy." Trendovi u poslovanju 9, no. 1 (2021): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/trendpos2101059d.
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The area that causes great attention of economic science is the issue of growth and development. The impact of human resources on economic growth is of great importance. Human capital is the driver of the economic growth of any national economy, on the other hand, the state is the driver of education of its population. An important driver of development is education, i.e. investing in the education system, which further drives other macroeconomic variables. Both theory and practice are increasingly dealing with the issue of human capital, as important components and factors of the overall economic development of the national economy. Investments in education result in an increase in economic growth, this increase allows for greater investment in future education. Long-term economic growth determines the standard of living, which directly affects human development. The Human Development Index sublimates several parameters in itself and at the same time shows correlations between the economy, quality of life, and level of education in the country. The paper aims to point out the importance of human capital in economic science and practice through the paradigm of the concept of human development, following the trends of HDI in the Republic of Serbia and the surrounding countries.
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Muhammad, Ali, Abiodun Egbetokun, and Manzoor Hussain Memon. "Human Capital and Economic Growth: The Role of Governance." Pakistan Development Review 54, no. 4I-II (December 1, 2015): 529–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v54i4i-iipp.529-549.
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Economists agree that human capital is an important determinant of economic growth [Arrow (1962); Aghion and Howitt (1992)]. Human capital-led growth generally concludes the positive impact of the two with the help of existing developed theories and empirical evidences. Nonetheless, the standard empirical result of a direct relationship between human capital (however measured) and economic growth, has been criticised on several fronts. First, the impact of other growth-related factors like quality of education, health of the labour force, inflation, corruption, unemployment, rule of law, etc. should not be ignored. These endogenous characteristics of a country are included in Becker‘s (1993) definition of human capital. In addition, as noted by Abramovitz (1986), social capabilities are important in the adoption and diffusion of technologies but countries differ in social capabilities. Therefore, to the extent to which human capital contributes to economic growth through innovation, its effect is conditioned by the country‘s social capabilities which include factors like quality of institutions and governance.
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Husna Afriani, Imro’atul. "The Importance of Human Capital to The Indonesian Economy." Tamansiswa Management Journal International 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2021): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54204/tmji/vol312021007.
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This study investigates the development of human capital in Indonesia and its impact on economic growth by examining the causal relationship between education investment, health investment, and economic growth in Indonesia.In this study, dynamic ARDL was applied.The World Bank has provided this data as a secondary source. For the years 2000 to 2020, the following variables will be analyzed using two different time series models. The country's GDP is used as a measure of economic growth in this study. Health investment (HI) and education investment (E) are independent variables of the study because they serve as indicators of how these two variables are related in the long and short term to economic growth. We found that education and health have a causal relationship to economic growth. This is indicated by the influence between education, health and economic growth in Indonesia. Investments in education and health have an impact on economic growth. This is important because education is a driver of human productivity. Education and health are the two main factors in the development of human capital
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Khan, Mohsin S. "Human Capital and Economic Growth in Pakistan (Distinguished Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 44, no. 4I (December 1, 2005): 455–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v44i4ipp.455-478.
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Pakistan’s economy has grown faster on average than many other low- and middleincome countries over the past two decades. But several countries in Southeast Asia have fared even better. This paper focuses on factors that explain Pakistan’s relative growth performance. In addition to more traditional factors believed to determine growth, this paper looks particularly at the role of differences in the quality of human capital. The cross-country empirical results suggest that accumulation of physical capital and improvements in the quality of institutions have the largest pay-offs in terms of achieving higher growth, but that better education and health care also have a significant impact. Investment in these areas will increase the possibility of Pakistan entering a virtuous cycle of high growth and improved living conditions for the population.
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Mietule, Iveta. "Theoretical aspects of human capital formation in the interaction between the economic and education sectors." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 9, 2015): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2012vol1.56.
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<p>In the 21st century, together with the development of society and economics, including technology, the importance of human capital as a production resource is not decreasing, on the contrary – it is growing. Today’s situation in the EU countries (demographic and ethnic problems) makes us consider the leading role of population as human capital in the development of economics as well as evaluate human capital formation conditions. The aim of the research is to explore theoretical aspects of human capital concerning the mutual interaction of the fields of economics and education. In the economic theory, there have been hot debates regarding human capital, its formation necessity, costs and benefits from the state and individual’s point of view. From the author’s point of view, the role of employer being a moving force in forming human capital is underestimated. It is crucial to involve employers in the formation of the human capital, making a dialogue in relation to the implementation of professional and higher education programmes.</p>
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Ng, Ying Chu. "Economic development, human capital, and gender earnings differentials in China." Economics of Education Review 23, no. 6 (December 2004): 587–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2004.03.004.
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Cvetanović, Dušan, Lena Despotović, and Sretko Ribać. "INCREASING ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AS A COMPONENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL." KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 30, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij300129c.
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Human capital is a key production resource that is available to the greatest part of population. The investments in education and training contribute to the growth of economic efficiency. There are many proofs in support of the thesis that investment in education is stimulating to economic growth, course of average labour productivity and growth of real earnings. There is a strong correlation between the education and earnings: higher educational level implies higher level of wages, while higher salaries further motivate people to acquire permanent education. Human capital practically vanishes unless it is used. In such cases, human capital acts consistently nearly equally to financial capital, by displacing into the environments where higher yields are expected. The above explicated approach to research is often criticised, especially bearing in mind its static character. In real life, the degree of material embodiment of human capital is mostly the function of ability of involvement in activities of lifelong education and acquisition of practical skills. Economic value of human capital depends on its contribution to creation of values of goods and services. Hence, the possibility that certain components of human capital are highly evaluated at specific time and in particular environment, while without any significance in other circumstances should be always borne in mind. Relative value of particular components of human capital greatly depend on the stage of economic and social development of a country where their meaning is perceived. In present conditions of earning, in the process of creation of human capital, the activities directed towards lifelong education and professional advancement and digital literacy have become increasingly significant. Education, and especially higher education, contributes to economic and social development of certain communities in most various ways. In accordance with the approach to basic needs, education is increasingly recognised as an elementary need which helps to satisfy many other needs and contributes to the life quality improvement. In the educational policy, rapid development of technology imposes two key conclusions. The first is that education should be directed towards the capability of acquisition of new knowledge during lifetime (the ability to learn is learnt), while the other is dissemination of education to all social strata. The competence of human capital includes the application of new knowledge in everyday practice. Therefore it is not surprising that this form of capital permanently increases its participation in the structure of total capital in all contemporary economies. At the same time, the attitude that human capital is a backbone of overall development of each nation (economic, social etc.) is predominant in economic science today, while education is its most significant framework.
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Oyedokun, Godwin Emmanuel. "Human Capital Formation and Economic Growth in Nigeria." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 7, no. 3 (February 25, 2019): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v7i3.37.
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This study investigates how the development of human capital is related to economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2015. Data were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Bureau of Statistics. The study employed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) to estimate the relationship among the variables used in this study which revealed that there is a positive long-run relationship among public expenditure on education and health, total school enrolment, gross capital formation, employment rate, life expectancy rate and economic growth. The study recommended that the government should put in place the required education and training policy that would guarantee quality schooling for different level of education. Government should also commit more funds to health sector to enhance human capital formation. It was also recommended there should be more pragmatic means to develop human capabilities.
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Wujarso, Riyanto. "The Influence of Human Capital on Economic Growth." International Journal of Science and Society 3, no. 2 (April 13, 2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v3i2.313.
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This research examines the effect of human capital on regional financial development in West Java Province from 2017 to 2019. This study's procedure employs a quantitative approach, and the data used is secondary data. Secondary evidence in this analysis comes from BPS data reporting. Panel regression with the GLS fixed-effect model approach was used as the research technique. The results of this study are the human capital variable, namely the level of education level. Based on the estimation results in this study, the education variable is considered the variable with the most dominant influence on economic growth. This research also provides suggestions to local governments so that there is a need for an increase in regional expenditure allocations for the education and health sectors to improve the workforce's quality so that they can have high productivity that can encourage financial growth.
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Riadynska, I. A. "Education as a Factor in the Formation of Human Capital and Economic Growth." Business Inform 3, no. 530 (2022): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2022-3-33-37.
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The main purpose of thе presented article is to outline the role of the education system in the formation of human capital, the development of which is a prerequisite for the economic growth of the country. The article carries out a study of the theory of human capital as a defining component that ensures the process of development and accumulation of human capital, on which, in turn, the competitiveness of the country and its place in the world environment depend. The importance of educational resources in the creation of human capital is disclosed. The role of investments in human capital, and, in particular, in the educational process, is revealed. The relationship between the level of education and the employee’s salary is characterized. The main directions of influence of human education on the economic growth of the country are distinguished. The article specifies some recommendations that will ensure guarantees of the preservation of the education sector as a factor in the formation of high-quality human capital of the country. Education is defined as a fundamental form of investment in human capital. Lifelong education provides conditions for the formation of a qualified young worker as an individual and a professional in the chosen direction of training and further work at any enterprise. The main task of education is to provide the country with high-quality human capital for effective economic growth. Education has a positive influence on the labor market not only because it increases the competitiveness of workers, but because it accumulates potentially unoccupied young people. It is emphasized that the development of education and training contributes to solving such important tasks of socioeconomic development as accelerating the pace of economic growth, mitigating inequality in the distribution of incomes, improving the quality of the national labor force, directly reducing unemployment and preventing it in the future.
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Akbayeva, G., N. Ramashov, A. Ramashova, and O. Ramashov. "Features of formation of innovative human resources potential in the context of the development of economic integration processes." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. Pedagogy series 101, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ped1/41-50.
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The process of formation of innovation-oriented human resources in line with effective results like the world economic community and to the education system by improving the quality of training, internationalisation and cooperation of educational institutions, its focus on consumers of educational services possible in the creation of consortia of universities and national research universities taking into account positive foreign experience. In this article, the authors note the current state of the education system and, in general, personnel training in Kazakhstan, its insignificant isolation from the real needs of the socio-economic system, insufficient relationship with the scientific field of activity. However, on the basis of the differentiation presented examples of successful implementation of state programs of education development in the Republic of Kazakhstan aimed at improving the competitiveness of education and development of human capital through ensuring access to quality education for sustainable economic development, and also noted that the global changes in economic and political life of the country will lead to the emergence of new socially significant landmarks in the educational system. Based on the use of integration from the point of view of the effectiveness of the existing agreements on the Eurasian Economic Union, a number of problems that need to be solved in ensuring the quality of human capital are identified. According to the authors, this leads, in turn, to the importance of measuring potential risks, as well as to the connection with qualitative and quantitative factors of the development of the education system and the training system
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Revaz Shengelia, Revaz Shengelia, Zhuzhuna Tsiklauri-Shengelia Zhuzhuna Tsiklauri-Shengelia, and Natia Shengelia Natia Shengelia. "Education – As One Main Form of Human Capital." Economics 104, no. 3-5 (June 22, 2021): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/104/3-5/20210117.
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Education is the driving force for economic development and raising living standards. As an active factor of production - a sophisticated person determines the socio-economic development of a country. Truly, there are many factors hindering the rapid development, of which solution in a relatively short time is impossible (f.ex. returning of occupied territory); However there exist other kind of problems (development of infrastructure in a short time, cost saving on maintaining the state bureaucracy and leaving more money for the economy; having reliable money in circulation; an effective social assistance system, etc.), which can be eliminated in a short time. Among such important problems, the most important is to raise the level of human education, so, the qualitative level of human capital development. In order to make the country attractive in the conditions of rapid competition, it is necessary to create an innovative, creative atmosphere for the introduction of the updated education system, for the improvement of human capital. That should ensure the continuous update of the knowledge obtained at the higher Education institutions in parallel with the scientific and technical progress improved level. All this requires a lot of private initiatives, less regulation by the state and in the right direction of finances, reasonable and targeted spending. In Summary, the goal of the ongoing education reform is to make education not just as as a business but to make it more as a public good. Since education is the most significant sphere for accumulation of human capital and dissemination of knowledge in modern digital economy, it is necessary to increase the role of the state in improving this field. Keywords: Human Capital, Investment, Education, Competition.
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Musibau, Hammed Oluwaseyi, Agboola Hammed Yusuf, and Kafilah Lola Gold. "Endogenous specification of foreign capital inflows, human capital development and economic growth." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 454–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-04-2018-0168.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the relationship between foreign capital inflows, human capital development (HCD) and economic growth in ECOWAS countries.Design/methodology/approachIn line with the augmented Solow model, the relationship between foreign capital inflows, human capital development and gross domestic product in the ECOWAS member countries is investigated using the pool mean group method.FindingsThe authors find overwhelming evidence that foreign capital inflows and human development have a significant effect on economic growth in ECOWAS member countries. However, foreign direct investment (FDI), official development assistant, HCD and gross domestic investment are positively related to economic growth in sub-regions economies. Conversely, migrate official remittance, portfolio investments and external debts are negatively related to economic growth.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors recommend that sound economic policies should be targeted in encouraging foreign capital accumulation and HCD, especially on FDI, official development assistance that exerts a positive impact on the economic growth of the sub-region. Therefore, training is required to prepare the labor force to work with new technologies and promote efficient enterprise for ECOWAS economies to compete with developed countries and emerging economies.Social implicationsThis study argued that the development of human capital is a pathway that may lead countries away from sustained growth. In the context of any economy which lack well-developed capital and education markets, many otherwise qualified citizens may be denied the basic skills they need in order to contribute fully to the nation’s economic development. HCD would encourage foreign investments, resulting in reduction in poverty in ECOWAS countries.Originality/valueSeveral studies have been done on foreign capital inflow and economic growth nexus such as Orjiet al.(2014), Ajide and Raheem (2016), Musibauet al.(2017), etc.; however, none of the research studies has actually examined the effect of the relationship between foreign capital inflows and HCD on economic growth in ECOWAS countries. This study is designed to fill the vacuum.
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Neeliah, Harris, and Boopen Seetanah. "Does human capital contribute to economic growth in Mauritius?" European Journal of Training and Development 40, no. 4 (May 3, 2016): 248–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-02-2014-0019.
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Purpose Real gross domestic product (GDP) growth for Mauritius has averaged more than 5 per cent since 1970 and GDP per capita has increased more than tenfold between 1970 and 2012, from less than $500 to more than $9,000. It has often been reported that human capital, along with other growth enablers, has played an important role in this development. The purpose of this paper is to study this nexus. Design/methodology/approach A human capital augmented Cobb-Douglas production function is used, where output is also a function of capital and labour. One of the innovations of the present paper is the use of a composite index to proxy human capital. The authors investigate the impact of human capital on economic growth in a dynamic vector error correction modelling (VECM) framework. Findings The general results here show that stock, labour and human capital are all significant growth determinants, with human capital having a long-run output elasticity of 0.36. The VECM results generally validated the long-run output elasticity, although a relatively lower elasticity of 0.1 is obtained. Both sets of results tend to point to the fact that human capital has significantly contributed to economic growth in Mauritius. Research limitations/implications The current paper paves the way for future work, which can build on the composite HCI developed here and aggregate it with relevant variables representing tertiary education and training, to better analyze and further understand the role of human capital on economic growth in Mauritius. Originality/value Here, the authors posit that human capital is an aggregate of health, education and nutrition, and the authors use a composite index along with other contributing factors to study its impact on economic growth, within a VECM framework.
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Suteyeva, Maira, and Lazzat Sarsembayeva. "Impact of digitalisation of education on human capital development." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (October 16, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v8i2.6189.
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The article deals with the main issues of digitalisation of Kazakhstan’s education as a key policy of the state. The ongoing reforms are based on the development of human capital. The purpose of this publication is to highlight the results of the theoretical and experimental parts of the study. The methods used in this paper include analysis of psychological, pedagogical, socio-economic and technical literature on the research problem comparatively. From the results, it is worth noting a new level of communication between the teacher and the student, which goes beyond the classical one. These include communication features such as WhatsApp, Zoom, Messenger, email and Instagram, among others. In this regard, improving digital literacy at all levels of the education system is becoming a priority. Some recommendations made are to fill the network with a variety of information and to use modern information and communication technologies to provide a whole range of tools for communication between teachers and students.
Keywords: Internet, social networks, mobile application, IT technologies, human capital, education, smart devices.
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Sagikyzy, Ayazhan, Maira Shurshitbai, and Zebiniso Akhmedova. "UPBRINGING AND EDUCATION AS FACTORS OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT." Adam alemi 88, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.2/1999-5849.03.
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The concept of human capital development has been actively developed by the UN since the end of the twentieth century, the main principle of which is to expand the opportunities of each person to realize their potencies and aspirations, to lead a healthy, full-fledged creative life. And this, in turn, is the main meaning and purpose of the socio-economic development of modern society. The criterion of social development is thus the individual. Understanding this idea at the national level has been reflected in a series of national reports on human development in Kazakhstan published in recent years. The formation of human capital involves the humanization of both the educational process, i.e., the creation of conditions aimed at the disclosure and development of the individual’s abilities, his positive self-realization. the goal of education is the need to develop a value-oriented personality. The idea of humanization contributes to the renewal of the process of education in social institutions, which should be carried out through the formation of educational systems.
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Lee, Maw-Lin, Ben-Chieh Liu, and Ping Wang. "Education, human capital enhancement and economic development: Comparison between Korea and Taiwan." Economics of Education Review 13, no. 4 (January 1994): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0272-7757(05)80052-4.
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Mau, V. "Human Capital: Challenges for Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 7 (July 20, 2012): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-7-114-132.
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Education, healthcare and pension system are the key sources of modern economic growth. They need profound transformation based on post-industrial challenges. The new principles of transformation of these sectors include individualization of services, their privatization (a rising role of private spending), life-long demand for them, globalization (international competition), and development of radically new technologies to provide them.