Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Economic externalities / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Economic externalities.

Journal articles on the topic 'Economic externalities'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Economic externalities.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Kozlov, Dmytro V. "Analysis of Externalities of Economic Activity of the Enterprise." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation 2021, no. 2 (2021): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2021.92.09.

Full text

Abstract:

The problems of research of internalities and externalities with the further development of the general classification of externalities of economic activity of the enterprise are defined. The influence of negative and positive externalities on society and enterprise is considered. The concept of negative externalities differs from transaction costs. It is noted that transaction costs can be reflected in cash and can be offset by market inclusion in the price of the products, but this is not possible for externalities. It is emphasized that the purpose of economic activity of any enterprise is to exceed the positive externalities over the negative and achieve the maximum difference between them. The different time duration of the impact of the enterprise on third parties is given. The sign of externalities on the scale of action is emphasized. The externalities of the enterprise are considered in their essence according to the principles of sustainable development, highlighting economic, social and environmental externalities. It is emphasized that economic externalities can arise in the course of the whole business cycle of full-fledged work of all parts of the enterprise. In contrast to economic, social externalities affect people both within the enterprise, that is workers and citizens of the society in which the enterprise operates. And when it comes to environmental externalities, the mediator between the source and recipient of externalities is the environment. Externalities are distinguished according to the means of accounting and the degree of influence on the subject of perception. The necessity of regulation of externalities through internalization and actions of the enterprise with the help of state and market instruments is substantiated. It is emphasized that internalization is the transformation of negative externalities into positive ones in terms of convergence of marginal costs and benefits of the enterprise to marginal social costs and utility.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

International Monetary Fund. "Externalities. Incentives, and Economic Reforms." IMF Working Papers 90, no. 10 (1990): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451926477.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Ibrahim, Izani, and Craig R. MacPhee. "Export externalities and economic growth." Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 12, no. 3 (September 2003): 257–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0963819032000132076.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Azariadis, Costas, and Allan Drazen. "Threshold Externalities in Economic Development." Quarterly Journal of Economics 105, no. 2 (May 1990): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2937797.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Rezai, Armon, Duncan K. Foley, and Lance Taylor. "Global warming and economic externalities." Economic Theory 49, no. 2 (January 29, 2011): 329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-010-0592-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

K, Dhananjaya. "Economic Growth and Negative Externalities in India." Journal of Global Economy 15, no. 3 (October 7, 2019): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v15i3.587.

Full text

Abstract:

Of late the world has realized that the growth models that believed in growth- environment tradeoff are not sustainable. In the pursuit of increasing their GDP, countries have ignored the negative externalities of growth, which would seriously threaten the survival of the future generation. Two kinds of damage are caused by unsustainable growth. Firstly, productive base, particularly, natural capital, like forest, minerals, energy, is depleting. Secondly, environmental pollution and climate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions are threatening human lives in terms of deteriorating health conditions and increasing temperature level (OECD, 2012). In the light of these concerns, sustainable development has become an important goal of nations. This study attempts to assess the extent of negative externalities in India and analyze the relationship between negative externalities and growth of GNI. The study finds that the economic growth of India is more sustainable as compared to all income categories countries. Further, the analysis detected a bidirectional relationship between negative externalities and GNI growth in the post-1990s. Keywords: Negative Externalities, Sustainable Development, and Genuine Saving Rate. JEL Classification: Q560

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Sutter, Daniel. "Externalities in the Economic Theory of Regulation." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 17, no. 2 (October 1, 1999): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569299x15665365039580.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article considers the regulation of externalities within the interest group model of politics. A group concerned about correcting an externality generates zero marginal support at the efficient level of regulation. Politicians respond to interests directly affected by policy and thus inefficiently correct externalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Doyle, Christopher, and Martin Weale. "Education, Externalities, Fertility and Economic Growth." Education Economics 2, no. 2 (January 1994): 129–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09645299400000014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Pillet, Gonzague. "Emternalities as counterpart to economic externalities …!" Ecological Modelling 178, no. 1-2 (October 2004): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.12.030.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Fuadah, Nikmatul, and R. Moh Qudsi Fauzi. "EKSTERNALITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN AIR MINUM SANTRI SIDOGIRI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA ALAM ISLAM." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 5 (January 17, 2020): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20195pp899-912.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this research is to know externalities on Santri drinking water company, Sidogiri which reviewed by Islamic economic resources. Externalities are analyzed include positive externalities and negative externalities. Then, researcher will conduct a discussion with Islamic perspective to find out the way of externalities could happen on research object. This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive case studies strategy. The object of this research is factory of bottled drinking water Santri, Sidogiri. This research uses interview to six informants consisting of leadership of PT. Sidogiri Mandiri Utama, main production manager of PT Sidogiri Mandiri Utama, and the surrounding people as a tool for getting information . After done interview, research results will be analyzed by triangulation to get a conclusion.The results of this research which conducted by observation and interview to six informants is finding of positiveexternalities’s domination on economic and social fields while maintaining the balance of nature in comparison with negative externalities. Keywords: Externalities, Positive Externalities, Negative Externalities, and Islamic Economic Resources

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Safiullin, Marat Rashitovich, Mikhail Valer'evich Savelichev, Leonid Alekseevich El'shin, and Vadim Olegovich Moiseev. "Internalization of externalities on the basis of blockchain." Теоретическая и прикладная экономика, no. 2 (February 2020): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8647.2020.2.33010.

Full text

Abstract:

The subject of this research is the generated by economic system positive and negative externalities and possibility of their account on the basis of innovative technologies. Currently, we can observe escalation of problems associated with the need for minimization of negative externalities, which create global risks for the world economic system. Most severe risks relate to ensuring sustainability of financial system, environmental pollution, climatic changes, and outbreak of new deadly diseases. Therefore, there is a need for implementation of the element of circular economy based on non-waste technologies that allow minimizing the negative externalities. The novelty of this study consists in demonstration of the possibility of using blockchain technologies for building a system of accounting positive and negative externalities generated within the economic system. Tokenization on the blockchain platform creates a possibility for formation of the indicated mechanism. The system of tokenization of externalities includes: a) formulation of target behavior of economic agents; b) creation of blockchain platform ensuring emission of tokens; c) determination of the exchange rate of tokens by economic agents for economic incentives; d) performance assessment of economic agents of reduction of negative externalities and increase of positive externalities. The emitted within the framework of blockchain platform of national project tokens would be distributed among the participants of national project, including enterprises, regional and local authorities, activists among the population, initiative groups, thus forming a flexible system of reinforcement of actors. Use of the described model of tokenization of externalities turns these projects transparent for the population and makes them the full-fledged members of an expert community that assesses the level of externalities and their minimization on the basis of tokens economy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kouser, Shahzad, Mr Abedullah, and Abdus Samie. "Wastewater Use in Cauliflower Production and Farmer’s Health: An Economic Analysis." Pakistan Development Review 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v48i1pp.47-66.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study aims to estimate the economic values of negative externalities of wastewater use in cauliflower production. Cost-benefit analysis is employed to estimate the farmer’s health externalities in the production sector. The data are collected from 200 farmers (100 from each group, wastewater and freshwater) in the year 2006 from two peri-urban villages of Faisalabad city. Ignoring the value of negative externalities, wastewater use is profitable in vegetable production but when the economic value of negative externalities are factored in the analysis, the results strongly discourage its use. The cost of health externalities due to wastewater use in cauliflower production (only for a three-month crop) is Rs 3.2 million from the 741 acres planted. In Faisalabad, 5,283 acres of vegetables are cultivated using wastewater, and the value of total negative health externalities amounts to Rs 90.7 million in a year. A huge economic loss due to wastewater use may attract the attention of policy agents to intervene. Among different available options, installation of a water treatment plant appears to be most viable to minimise the external effect of wastewater use in peri-urban agriculture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

de Wit, Martinus Petrus. "CHRISTIAN ECONOMISTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES AND ECOLOGICAL SCALE." Philosophia Reformata 78, no. 2 (November 17, 2013): 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117-90000551.

Full text

Abstract:

The environmental economic response to mainstream neo-classical economics’ disconnect from the natural world was to value external environmental costs and include those into decisions about human welfare. The ecological economic response, heavily influenced by systems ecology, brought the concept of ecological scale or carrying capacity, as a limit to human choice. The divisions between these two theories are not merely cosmetic as illustrated by the highpolitical stakes in recent economic and environmental debates. This article concerns itself specifically with the question how Christian economists position themselves towards the unfolding ecological and economic crises. It is shown that the main positions taken in the policy debates on economy and ecology are closely mirrored in the broader Christian economic community, raising the question whether the Christian economic tradition does have anything particular to offer in response to the ecological and economic crises. We approach this question from two angles, first, reviewing the literature on an earlier debate by the Association of Christian Economists on what Christian economists should be doing and, second, reviewing the literature on the relationships between Christianity and environmental beliefs and behaviour. With reference to eco-theological literature on the varying theological views on the relationship between humanity and the rest of creation, and on different expectations of the eschaton, it is shown why such diverging positions are taken among Christian economists. Nevertheless, the objective reality of Jesus Christ demands a particular Christian ethics and behaviour, which in turn, kindles fertile questions for Christian economists in their practical engagement withthe economic and ecological sciences and with broader culture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Sajow, Adrie Abram, Bobby Polii, and Esry Laoh. "KAJIAN EKONOMI DAN LINGKUNGAN AGRIBISNIS PETERNAKAN BABI DI KOTA TOMOHON (STUDI KASUS)." ZOOTEC 34, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.34.1.2014.3879.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT ECONOMIC AND ENVINONMENT STUDY ON PIG FARMING AGRIBUSINESS IN TOMOHON CITY. (CASE STUDY).This study aims to analyze the feasibility of conventional (private) and environment (externalities) investment criteria, which determine the extent of the economic feasibility of the externalities investment criteria taking into account the private costs (conventional costs) and externalities costs (environmental costs) in the pig farm agribusiness. This research was conducted in Tomohon, where the sample pig farms that have business scale criterion of < 1,000 , 1,000-5,000 , and > 5,000 heads. The analysis used the analysis of investment criteria, with the calculation of Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). NPV of conven-tionally and externalities was greater than zero or positive, these results suggest that the companies have been conventionally sampled financially feasibility, as well as the investment plan of externalities. IRR conventional and externalities is greaterthan one, these results indicate that the samples with conventional and externalities investment companies are still profitable, especially if the investment is viewed in the environment, it would be beneficial as it will reduce the environmental impact. BC ratio values conventionally and externalities is greater than one, these results suggest that the externalities investment is feasible for conducting. Keywords : Economic, Environment, Pig Farming, Tomohon

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Дьяков, Максим. "О некоторых функциональных зависимостях в региональных экстерналиях." ИЗВЕСТИЯ ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ЭКОНОМИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ, no. 1 (2020): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2311-2271/2020-1/106-121.

Full text

Abstract:

Проблема контроля над негативными экстерналиями приобретает особую актуальность при переходе к устойчивому развитию регионов. В настоящей статье исследуется зависимость основных видов экстерналий от некоторых экономических факторов в общенациональном, макрорегиональном и региональном масштабах. Построены четыре группы однофакторных функций загрязнения. Для более глубокого выявления функциональных зависимостей на втором этапе исследования был проведен однофакторный дисперсионный анализ по каждой из функций. В результате в ряде случаев выявлено наличие, а в ряде – отсутствие функциональных зависимостей между экстерналиями и рассмотренными экономическими факторами. Выдвинут ряд гипотез для интерпретации наблюдаемой картины. Показаны возможности инструмента одно- факторных функций загрязнения как в методическом, так и в практическом плане. The issue of control over the negative externalities becomes especially relevant in the transition to the sustainable development of the regions. The article deals with investigating the dependence of the main types of externalities (the pollutants emissions into the atmosphere and discharges into water bodies) upon the significant economic factors - GRP and innovations, for which four groups of one-factor pollution functions were constructed. The functions were constructed on the national, macro-regional (Russian Far East) and regional (Kamchatka Territory) scale. To determine the functional dependencies more deeply a one-way analysis of variance was conducted for each of the functions at the second stage of the study, As a result, in some cases the presence and, in some cases the absence of functional dependencies between the dynamics of externalities and the considered economic factors was revealed. During the analysis it was found that of all groups of functions, the maximum degree of the economic factors influence on the number of externalities was observed at the national level, which was confirmed by the analysis of variance data. Significant impact was not observed for all groups of functions at the macro-regional and regional levels. A number of hypotheses were put forward for interpreting the observed picture. In the methodological aspect, it is shown that the tool of one-factor pollution functions, enhanced by the method of variance analysis, allows to determine the presence or absence of significant relationships between various economic factors and the dynamics of externalities. In practical terms, this tool allows to identify the problem points in the field of the externalities control. The possible trends of the further prospective studies in the field of the regional externalities functional analysis are briefly outlined in the paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Konečný, Vladimír, František Petro, Róbert Berežný, and Miriama Mikušková. "Research on Selected Positive Externalities in Road Transport." LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logi-2017-0008.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Scientific article deals with the characteristics of positive externalities and identifying positive externalities of road transport. In the analysis are the processed data on economic indicators of the Slovak Republic and data for individual regions of the Slovak Republic. Based on the analysis were selected positive externalities of road transport. At present, there is insufficient attention to the positive externalities of the transportation, and despite the fact that road transport and road infrastructure has undeniable positive impact on social development and economic growth of the country.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Yoon, Hyungseok, Francesco Paolo Appio, and Seongsoo Jang. "Knowledge Externalities, Economic Centralization, and Job Creation." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 10413. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.10413abstract.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Roy, Udayan. "Economic Growth with Negative Externalities in Innovation." Journal of Macroeconomics 19, no. 1 (January 1997): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0164-0704(97)00009-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Carlaw, Kenneth I., and Richard G. Lipsey. "Externalities, technological complementarities and sustained economic growth." Research Policy 31, no. 8-9 (December 2002): 1305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-7333(02)00065-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Greiner, Alfred, and Willi Semmler. "Externalities of investment, education and economic growth." Economic Modelling 19, no. 5 (November 2002): 709–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-9993(01)00076-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Gomery, Douglas. "Economic Externalities: Looking beyond Box-Office Revenues." Velvet Light Trap 64, no. 1 (2009): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/vlt.0.0066.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Hettich, Walter, and Stanley L. Winer. "Decision Externalities, Economic Efficiency and Institutional Response." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 21, no. 3 (September 1995): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3552092.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Tian, Lei, H. Holly Wang, and Yongjun Chen. "Spatial externalities in China regional economic growth." China Economic Review 21 (September 2010): S20—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2010.05.006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Sanghi, Ajay K. "Should economic impacts be treated as externalities?" Electricity Journal 4, no. 2 (March 1991): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6190(91)90172-p.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Alayo, Hans, Marcos J. Rider, and Javier Contreras. "Economic externalities in transmission network expansion planning." Energy Economics 68 (October 2017): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2017.09.018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Fernandes, Maria, and Marieta Valente. "When Is Green Too Rosy? Evidence from a Laboratory Market Experiment on Green Goods and Externalities." Games 9, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g9030070.

Full text

Abstract:

In a context where sustainable consumption and production need to be encouraged, economic experiments can provide significant insights into how individuals consider environmental externalities in their choices and how public policy can foster the environmental public good. Experimental studies aiming to evaluate market mitigation of externalities through the provision of green goods usually choose to adopt neutral language in terms of framing. Our study implements an incentivized economics experiment to explore how supply and demand consider negative externalities. Furthermore, the study addresses the impact of using non-abstract wording when describing negative externalities. Two types of goods can be produced and bought, namely goods generating negative externalities on other consumers (either labelled as B or brown) and goods that cause no harm to others (either labelled A or green). We conclude that the provision of green goods increases from 18.1% in the abstract frame to 70% in the environmental frame. Framing is, therefore, a relevant variable for the outcome of this experimental market. This has important implications for economic experiments aiming to evaluate pro-environmental behaviours and provide policy orientations for the provision of green goods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Mouraviev, Nikolai, and Nada Kakabadse. "Impact of externalities on sustainable development: evidence from public-private partnerships in Kazakhstan and Russia." Corporate Governance 14, no. 5 (September 30, 2014): 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-03-2014-0037.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the influence of public-private partnerships (PPPs) on social and economic conditions in Kazakhstan and Russia from a public economics perspective, namely, through the lens of a market failure and PPPs’ negative externalities. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the concept of a market failure and using the externalities perspective, the paper investigates whether partnerships are instrumental in solving market problems, which is illustrated by the evidence from ongoing PPP projects in Kazakhstan and Russia. Findings – Results show that citizens face expansion of monopolistic trends in the service provision and decreased availability of public services. Additionally, the government support to partnerships recreates a negative externality in the form of a higher risk premium on loan interest rates that banks use to finance PPPs. The partnerships’ impact on sustainable development often appears detrimental, as they significantly intensify the struggle between sub-national governments for increased transfers from the national budget. Practical implications – The government agencies must incorporate the appraisal of the PPP externalities and their effects on the society in the decision-making regarding the PPP formation. Originality/value – The authors suggest that, although government is interested in PPPs’ positive externalities, in reality many negative externalities may offset the positive spillover effects. As a result, the partnerships’ contributions to economic and social sustainability remain controversial. Extending the value-for-money concept to incorporate the assessment of PPP externalities might significantly enhance the partnership conceptualisation by more comprehensive and accurate assessment of PPPs’ economic and social value.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Fitriani, Rahma, Herman Cahyo Diartho, and Septya Hadiningrum. "GROWTH EXTERNALITIES ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INDEX OF EAST JAVA INDONESIA, SPATIAL ECONOMETRICS MODEL OF STIRPAT." Indonesian Journal of Statistics and Its Applications 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 216–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/ijsa.v4i1.628.

Full text

Abstract:

East Java has shown strong economic growth, which negatively affects its environmental quality. Analysis of the functional relationship between economic growth and environmental quality is important to direct the growth without further deteriorate the environmental quality in this area. It is assumed that growth produces some externalities on environmental quality. The spread of technological information, economic productivity, population growth or investment, can be the source of the growth externalities. The objective of this study is to test the significance of the involved growth externalities on East Java’s environmental quality. Using spatial data, the externalities are accommodated in a spatial version of the STIRPAT model. It is estimated using per city/regency 2015 data. The analysis indicates that local density, local agricultural productivity, neighboring density, and neighboring mining activity significantly affect the local environmental quality. The latter two are the main sources of the growth externalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Tambovtsev, V. "Economic Theory of Control and Supervising Activity of the Government." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2004): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2004-4-91-106.

Full text

Abstract:

The attempt to configure general contours of the economic theory of government control and supervising activity is undertaken in the article. Basing on the prerequisite of the benevolent state, the author considers its function of prevention of occurrence and compensation of undesirable (harmful) externalities caused by activities of economic agents. The author classifies types of externalities and offers corresponding mechanisms of their internalization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

ZHANG, CUI. "AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AND PERFORMANCE IN KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES." Singapore Economic Review 65, no. 02 (May 15, 2019): 457–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590819500048.

Full text

Abstract:

Most studies on the relationship between agglomeration economies and economic performance have focussed on regions in general or manufacturing. Very few papers have considered the impacts of agglomeration economies on the economic performance of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) firms. We propose a theoretical framework based on the characteristics of KIBS to study the precise channels through which KIBS firms benefit from specialization externalities and diversity externalities. The empirical evidence based on the software and IT services industry in China, a very dynamic branch of KIBS, shows that firms benefit from service diversity externalities but not specialization externalities, consistent with the idea of “nursery cities”.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Oroh, Franky N. S., S. A. E. Moningkey, and I. D. R. Lumenta. "KAJIAN KRITERIA INVESTASI KONVENSIONAL DAN LINGKUNGAN PETERNAKAN BABI DI KOTA TOMOHON." ZOOTEC 39, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.39.1.2019.23905.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTSTUDY OF CONVENTIONAL INVESTMENT CRITERIA AND ENVIRONMENTAL OF PIG FARMING IN TOMOHON CITY. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of conventional (private) and environment (externalities) investment criteria, which determine the extent of the economic feasibility of the externalities investment criteria taking into account the private costs (conventional costs) and externalities costs (environmental costs) in the pig farm agribusiness. This research was conducted in Tomohon, where the sample pig farms that have business scale criterion of <1,000, 1,000-5,000, and > 5,000 heads. The analysis used the analysis of investment criteria to look at the externalities economic feasibility of the pig farms, with the calculation of Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). NPV of conventionally and externalities was greater than zero or positive, these results suggest that the companies have been conventionally sampled financially feasibility, as well as the investment plan of externalities. IRR conventional and externalities is greater than one, these results indicate that the samples with conventional and externalities investment companies are still profitable, especially if the investment is viewed in the environment, it would be beneficial as it will reduce the environmental impact. BC ratio values conventionally and externalities is greater than one, these results suggest that the externalities investment is feasible for conducting.Keywords :Economy, Environment, Pig Farms, Tomohon

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Ottaviano, G. I. P., and J. F. Thisse. "On economic geography in economic theory: increasing returns and pecuniary externalities." Journal of Economic Geography 1, no. 2 (April 1, 2001): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/1.2.153.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Scheinvar Ackcelrad, Paulo. "Externalities or internalities? Economic theory for environmental services." Ciencia Económica 1, no. 1 (August 22, 2011): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fe.24484962e.2012.v1n1.a3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Aidt, Toke S. "Political internalization of economic externalities and environmental policy." Journal of Public Economics 69, no. 1 (July 1998): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2727(98)00006-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mayo, E. "New measures can help to measure economic "externalities"." BMJ 311, no. 7009 (September 30, 1995): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7009.878a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Witt, Ulrich. "Innovations, externalities and the problem of economic progress." Public Choice 89, no. 1-2 (October 1996): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00114282.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Oh, Youngsoo. "Consumption Externalities and Irrational Consumption in Economic Education." Korean Journal of Economic Education 27, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37060/kjee.27.3.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kolomak, E. A. "Spatial externalities as a source of economic growth." Regional Research of Russia 1, no. 2 (April 2011): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2079970511020080.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Tambovtsev, V. "Financial Crisis and Economics." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2009): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-1-133-138.

Full text

Abstract:

Treating the money as "under-way-contracts", or "under-executed contracts", the author describes its properties as an economic good. It is shown that the money is a private good with valuable externalities, i.e. a merit good. From this fact the necessity of financial markets state regulation oriented at minimizing negative externalities by restriction of using the most risky contracts is drawn.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Doner, Ayse Saime. "Agglomeration Externalities and Sectoral Employment Growth in Cities." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 5, no. 2 (March 22, 2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v5i2.284.

Full text

Abstract:

Firms benefit some external effects resulting from the concentration of economic activities in certain regions. These effects called “agglomeration economies” or “agglomeration externalities” are mainly divided into three categories – MAR, Jacobs and Porter externalities –, and regarded as the determinant factors of regional economic development and growth. This study analyzes the impact of agglomeration externalities on employment growth using Turkish data of 43 sectors operating in 81 Turkish cities between years 2001 and 2007. OLS regression analyses are repeated for each sector. As far as the MAR externalities are concerned, their impact on employment growth is found negative in 23 sectors while Jacobs externalities have significant and positive effects only on 4 sectors, most of which are from service sectors. As for Porter externalities, they prove to have positive effect on the regional employment growth for 16 sectors. Moreover, urbanization externalities are found to affect the regional growth positively in 4 sectors and negatively in 1 sector. While the impact of the initial level of regional labor supply is found positive, the initial level of regional employment level has negative effect on employment growth. Finally, the share of high education level in cities is found to have almost no effect on regional growth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Laffont, Jean-Jacques. "Note historique sur les effets externes." Articles 51, no. 3 (July 15, 2009): 420–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800631ar.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This historical note describes from Sidgwick on the evolution of the concepts related to the interdependencies of economic agents outside markets. In a first section, we show how the concept of externality introduced by some precursors had later to reemerge from the confuse discussion of "empty boxes". The second sector clarifies the distinction between two avenues of research, the first one associated with pecuniary externalities, the other one associated with technological externalities. Coase's criticisms of Pigouvian policy are developed in section 3. In a last section we gather the main results obtained recently by economic theory in this field. In particular we discuss the difficulties of the creation of artificial markets, the second best approaches often needed in a Pigouvian policy, results of game theory in models with externalities, planning with externalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Zhang, Zijian. "Rationale of Collective Management Organizations: An Economic Perspective." Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 73–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mujlt2016-1-4.

Full text

Abstract:

In the market for information goods, externalities occur when the production or consumption of literary and artistic works is not directly reflected in the market. Economic theories regarding the creation of market externalities, the causes for market failures, and the correction of market inefficiencies provide evidence in support of retaining the copyright system as the means of correcting these market failures and inefficiencies and to encourage authorship. This approach can also be adopted to analyze the system of collective management. This article aims at analyzing the rationale of collective management system through an economic approach. The author maintains that collecting societies are effective in dealing with the complicated process of rights management, license granting and remuneration distribution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Hájek, Miroslav, Karel Pulkrab, and Jaroslava Hyršlová. "FORESTRY EXTERNALITIES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM." Problems of Management in the 21st Century 5, no. 1 (December 5, 2012): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pmc/12.05.31.

Full text

Abstract:

Environmental management accounting is an environmental voluntary instrument, which is aimed at environmental and economic benefits. It is possible to apply environmental management accounting in different industry sectors. In case of forestry a challenging idea is to take into account all forestry externalities. It is important to try to find a solution to comprehend all forestry outputs into a system of environmental management accounting because externalities are often excluded and result is that managers do not have correct information for their decision making. That is why it is important to know whether the accounting system includes externalities and how internalize all externalities. The problem is a methodology of assessing the externalities and willingness to allow externalities particularly in private enterprises. Assessment of externalities is not an invincible problem but a problem is to know what is their impact on enterprises and on society. A possibility to make a decision including externalities is what we want to solve. A lot of monetary and nonmonetary outputs exist in forestry. That is why we selected a forestry enterprise as an example. Key words: environmental management accounting, externalities, internalization of externalities, forestry outputs, forestry externalities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Serdiuk, O., and I. Petrova. "Generalization of Tools for Internalization of Negative Externalities in the European Union: Conclusions for Ukraine." Economic Herald of the Donbas, no. 4 (62) (2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3772-2020-4(62)-23-29.

Full text

Abstract:

A comparative analysis of the tools of internalization of negative external. Based on the generalization and assessment of the possibilities of using the tools of internalization of negative externalities, the areas of application, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of direct regulation, economic (market) and institutional tools are identified. The tools of direct regulation are characterized, and it is found that they do not minimize economic costs and have high administrative costs. The economic (market) instruments of regulation are analyzed and it is revealed that in European practice such instruments as trade in permits (market instrument) and emission charges (Pig tax) are widely used. Institutional regulatory tools such as disclosure strategies and voluntary initiatives are considered and analyzed. It is substantiated that there is no universal tool that would provide full internalization of negative externalities. It is revealed that in modern conditions, the most successful solution will be the development and improvement of tools of direct state regulation of negative externalities in combination with economic (market) instruments, because both economic and market instruments can work effectively and purposefully only if environmental standards are established and observed. environmental quality. The characteristic of application of tools of internalization of negative external effects on an example of slag dumps is given.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lane, Jan-Erik. "The Largest Externalities Ever." Economics, Law and Policy 1, no. 2 (August 7, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elp.v1n2p152.

Full text

Abstract:

<em>The notion of an externality is firmly grounded in economic theory. But it is not undone by itself. To eliminate external effects like the GHGs and its terrible consequences like sea level rise, droughts and unpredictable weather manifestations, policy-making and policy implementation or management is required. It all depends upon incentives and available technology. The PD nature of global coordination is a major hindrance, which is also true of the lack of large scale geo-engineering. It is increasingly likely that neither global coordination nor country resilience will be able to manage the consequences of this evolution towards a hotter state for Planet Earth.</em>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Fleming, Ronald A., Ernest F. Bazen, and Michael E. Wetzstein. "Measuring the Impact of Externalities on College of Agriculture Teaching Evaluations." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 37, no. 3 (December 2005): 635–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800027139.

Full text

Abstract:

Student evaluation of teaching (SET) is employed as an aid in improving instruction and determining faculty teaching effectiveness. However, economic theory indicates the existence of externalities in SET scores that directly influence their interpretation. As a test of this existence, a multinomial-choice, ordered data estimation procedure is employed to identify course externalities influencing SET. These externalities include student class standing, required courses, class size, days a class meets, class meeting time, classroom location, and classroom design. Results indicate that externalities have a significant impact on teaching evaluations. Thus, failure to internalize these externalities will lead to biases in SET and questionable use of SET as an aid in instruction improvement and determining faculty effectiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Li, Shiyang, and Huasheng Zhu. "Agglomeration Externalities and Skill Upgrading in Local Labor Markets: Evidence from Prefecture-Level Cities of China." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 6509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166509.

Full text

Abstract:

Skill upgrading, the increase in the percentage of skilled workers in the employment population, boosts the economic growth of developing countries and sustains their industrial competitiveness. The international economics literature discusses the effects of international trade on skill upgrading, ignoring the potential role of agglomeration externalities. This paper takes China as a case study, which has been encountering a serious challenge about how to strengthen its industrial competitiveness in the world through skill upgrading as its population dividend decreases. The panel data of 2005, 2010 and 2015 from prefecture-level cities in China were used for regression analysis to explore the benefits from agglomeration externalities, including specialization and diversification effects, on skill upgrading. The results show that both the specialization effect and diversification effect do promote skill upgrading. Furthermore, there are significant differences in the influence of local agglomeration externalities across different regions, and the positive effect brought about by specialization externalities is usually dominant in undeveloped, inland or small cities, compared with the diversification in developed or coastal cities. Besides, manufacturing agglomerations exhibit positive externalities to skill upgrading mainly through specialization, while the service agglomerations mainly promote skill upgrading by means of diversification.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Garratt, Dean, and Joshy Easaw. "Externalities and the Political Business Cycle." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 7, no. 2 (April 1996): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x9600700203.

Full text

Abstract:

Political business cycle theories in modelling the interaction between the polity and the economic system have continually failed to consider questions of economic and political interdependence between nations. In considering the current principal political business cycle models we ask how the reality of integrated economies affects the implications of these models. This is particularly important given the direction of the European Union (EU). The purpose here is to generate a series of hypotheses for future research and for empirical analysis and to show the short-comings of political business cycle models that are purely domestically-focused.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Acocella, N., and G. Bartolomeo. "European economic institutions: Stability- or growth-oriented?" Acta Oeconomica 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 35–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aoecon.57.2007.1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper deals with various aspects of the performance expected from some of the most relevant European institutions (monetary and tax authorities, unions) vis-a-vis alternative ones, from a macroeconomic point of view. The role of the rules (e.g. the Stability and Growth Pact) as a coordination device to deal with externalities arising from national fiscal policies is first considered and compared to explicit coordination. The priority given to price stability is then discussed together with the questions of reputation, credibility and the relationship with fiscal policy and labour markets. A conservative central bank eliminates the temptation to inflate, but is only a second-best solution for internalising the externalities arising from uncoordinated-wage bargaining. The paper finally discusses the consequences on growth of the stability pursued by actual European institutions. Some reflections on the ‘model’ adopted for shaping European institutions conclude the paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

CLAASSEN, RUTGER. "Externalities as a basis for regulation: a philosophical view." Journal of Institutional Economics 12, no. 3 (January 14, 2016): 541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137415000491.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractExternalities are an important concept in economic theories of market failure, aiming to justify state regulation of the economy. This paper explores the concept of externalities from a philosophical perspective. It criticizes the utilitarian nature of economic analyses of externalities, showing how they cannot take into account values like freedom and justice. It then develops the analogy between the concept of externalities and the ‘harm principle’ in political philosophy. It argues that the harm principle points to the need for a theory of basic interests to judge when a harm is imposed. Similarly, externality analyses should use such a theory of basic interests as the basis for judgments about legitimate state intervention. This proposal is defended against objections, and illustrated with a case study of the US Supreme Court's ruling on the Affordable Care Act, which shows how the judicial reasoning implicitly interprets externalities in terms of basic interests.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!