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Journal articles on the topic 'Economic history, United States, 1904'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

MAURER, NOEL, and CARLOS YU. "What T. R. Took: The Economic Impact of the Panama Canal, 1903–1937." Journal of Economic History 68, no. 3 (2008): 686–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050708000612.

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The Panama Canal was one of the largest public investments of its time. In the first decade of its operation, the canal produced significant social returns for the United States. Most of these returns were due to the transportation of petroleum from California to the East Coast. The United States also succeeded in leveraging the threat of military force to obtain a much better deal from the Panamanian government than it could have negotiated otherwise.“I took the Isthmus.” President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904“Why, it's ours, we stole it fair and square.” Senator Samuel Hayakawa, 1977

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2

Rosenberg, Emily S. "Foundations of United States International Financial Power: Gold Standard Diplomacy, 1900–1905." Business History Review 59, no. 2 (1985): 169–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3114929.

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From 1900 to 1905 the United States government, working with a small group within the emerging profession of economics, developed—for the first time—a financial policy toward foreign dependent areas. The policy devised and carried out by this first generation of experts in foreign currency reform—who included Charles Conant, Jeremiah Jenks, and Edwin Kemmerer—sought to bring nations onto a gold-exchange standard, with their gold funds deposited in New York and their coinage denominated on American money. In this article, Professor Rosenberg describes this gold standard diplomacy, suggesting th

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Best, Michael H. "Organizing America: Wealth, Power, and the Origins of Corporate Capitalism. By Charles Perrow. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002. Pp. ix, 259. $34.95." Journal of Economic History 63, no. 1 (2003): 283–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050703461809.

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Charles Perrow is interested in big organizations and how they shape communities, the distribution of wealth, power and income, and working lives. Today, organizations with over 500 employees employ more than half the working population in the United States. There were no such organizations in 1800. Referring to William Roy (Socializing Capital: The Rise of Large Industrial Corporations in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997) and Naomi Lamoreaux (The Great Merger Movement in American Business, 1895–1904. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985) Perrow argues that corpor

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4

James, Harold. "Networks and financial war: the brothers Warburg in the first age of globalization." Financial History Review 27, no. 3 (2020): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565020000141.

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This article examines the geo-economic consequences of the financial panic of October 1907. The vulnerability of the United States, but also of Germany, contrasted with the absence of a crisis in Great Britain. The experience showed the fast-growing industrial powers the desirability of mobilizing financial power, and the article examines the contributions of two influential brothers, Max and Paul Warburg, on different sides of the Atlantic. The discussion led to the establishment of a central bank in the United States and institutional improvements in German central banking: in both cases sec

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Guth, Christine M. E. "‘The Japanese Stand Today as Teachers of the Whole World’: American Food Reform and the Russo-Japanese War." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 28, no. 3 (2021): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-28030001.

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Abstract Japanese food first became the focus of serious attention in the United States during the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), when Japan’s victory over the Russian empire signaled that nation’s arrival as a new world power. This newfound interest had nothing to do with gastronomy. The conviction driving it was that diet and preventative health care in the Japanese military, which had been critical to its unexpected success, could serve as models for the United States. Military doctors, home economists, dietitians, businesses, vegetarians, and physical fitness fans joined this discourse, e

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6

Salisbury, Richard V. "Great Britain, The United States, and the 1909–1910 Nicaraguan Crisis." Americas 53, no. 3 (1997): 379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1008030.

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Victory over Spain in 1898 provided the United States with the opportunity to pursue the various options that imperial status now offered. Indeed, under the influence of the strategic precepts of an Alfred Thayer Mahan, the messianic expansionism of a Josiah Strong, the extended frontier concept of a Frederick Jackson Turner, and the now seemingly obtainable economic aspirations of a James G. Blaine, North Americans looked to their newly established imperial arena with anticipation and confidence. It would be the adjacent circum-Caribbean region, for the most part, where the United States gove

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Schoonover, Thomas. "A United States Dilemma: Economic Opportunity and Anti-Americanism in El Salvador, 1901-1911." Pacific Historical Review 58, no. 4 (1989): 403–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3640172.

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Butler, Mary, and Charles Carreras. "United States Economic Penetration of Venezuela and Its Effects on Diplomacy: 1895-1906." Hispanic American Historical Review 69, no. 4 (1989): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2516124.

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Butler, Mary. "United States Economic Penetration of Venezuela and its Effects on Diplomacy: 1895—1906." Hispanic American Historical Review 69, no. 4 (1989): 772–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-69.4.772.

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10

Zegarra, Luis Felipe. "Transportation Costs and the Social Savings of Railroads in Latin America. The Case of Peru." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 31, no. 1 (2013): 41–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610913000013.

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AbstractThis article estimates the social savings of the railroads in Peru in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The construction of railroads made it possible for Peruvians to substitute the traditional system of mules and llamas, although only for a few routes. Using primary and secondary sources, I estimate the social savings for 1890, 1904, 1914 and 1918. Social savings ranged between 0.3 per cent and 1.3 per cent of GDP in 1890, but then increased to a range between 3.6 per cent and 9.4 per cent of GDP in 1918. The social savings of railroads in Peru were comparable to those for the

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11

Cienciala, Anna M., and Manfred Berg. "Gustav Stresemann and the United States of America: World Economic Interconnections and Revisionist Policy, 1907-1929." Journal of American History 81, no. 2 (1994): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2081331.

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12

Carruthers, Bruce G., Timothy W. Guinnane, and Yoonseok Lee. "Bringing “Honest Capital” to Poor Borrowers: The Passage of the U.S. Uniform Small Loan Law, 1907–1930." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 42, no. 3 (2011): 393–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_00256.

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The Uniform Small Loan Law (usll)—the primary tool of the Russell Sage Foundation (rsf) intended to improve credit conditions for poor people in the United States during first decades of the twentieth century—created a new class of lenders who could legally make small loans at interest rates exceeding those allowed for banks. By the 1930s, about two-thirds of the states had passed the usll. Econometric models show that urbanization, state-level economic characteristics, and the nature of a state's banking system all affected the chance of passage. That party-political affiliations had no effec

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Pytlovana, Liliia. "The prohibition movement in the United States: the Prohibition Party in cartoons of the late 19th and early 20th centuries." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 11 (2021): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2021.11.2.

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The present paper has three main objectives: 1) to cover the history of American temperance movements at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, and their key characteristics; 2) to trace the Prohibition Party history and activity; 3) to do a content-analysis of «Prohibition Cartoons» published in 1904 to support the Prohibition Party candidates to the House of Representatives. Research methodology provides a critical approach to interpreting cartoons based on E. Panofsky’s three strata analysis from the primary subject through conventional subject matter to intrinsic content. Quantitative and qu

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Marin, Séverine Antigone. "DID THE UNITED STATES SCARE THE EUROPEANS? THE PROPAGANDA ABOUT THE “AMERICAN DANGER” IN EUROPE AROUND 1900." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 15, no. 1 (2016): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781415000584.

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During a brief period—1898 to 1907—the “American danger” proved a powerful slogan in Europe. Propaganda campaigns were launched that targeted the new ambitions of the emerging economic power. Historians have studied this episode but only as one among many examples of anti-Americanism embedded in European intellectual traditions. This paper insists on the distinctive character of this episode. It refutes the notion of anti-Americanism as the explanation most relevant to this episode and even questions the possibility of opposing Europe to the United States at a time of constant transnational ci

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15

Kinghorn, Janice Rye, and John Vincent Nye. "The Scale of Production in Western Economic Development: A Comparison of Official Industry Statistics in the United States, Britain, France, and Germany, 1905–1913." Journal of Economic History 56, no. 1 (1996): 90–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205070001603x.

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We use census data and information on large firms to generate descriptions of structural features of Western industry around 1906. We find that although the United States conforms to existing stereotypes, most other nations do not. German industry stands out as having the smallest plants and firms and the lowest concentration levels both in the aggregate and when grouped by industrial classifications. Equally startling, French levels of plant size and concentration are comparable to those of the United States. We speculate on the importance of these results for rethinking the traditional analy

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Beauchamp, Christopher. "The Telephone Patents: Intellectual Property, Business, and the Law in the United States and Britain, 1876—1900." Enterprise & Society 9, no. 4 (2008): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700007539.

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This dissertation summary introduces a new perspective on the legal and economic history of patents in the late nineteenth century. Through a case study of the early telephone industry in Britain and the United States, the dissertation explores interactions between business strategies and national legal regimes, and proposes a revised view of the multi-layered relationship between patents and industrial organization.

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17

Woirol, Greg. "Peter Speek and Migratory Labor: An Estonian Revolutionary Finds the Real America." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 4, no. 3 (2005): 293–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400002668.

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Peter Alexander Speek arrived in the United States in the fall of 1908 at the age of 35, “having in my pocket only 4c and knowing hardly more English words.” A leader of revolutionary activities against Russian rule in his native Estonia, Speek came to the U.S. a committed socialist intent on developing worker awareness and leading the class struggle. After two years in New York, Speek traveled to the West Coast, entered the graduate program i n economics at the University of Wisconsin, and worked two years as an investigator for the United States Commission on Industrial Relations (CIR). Duri

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Tiagi, Raaj. "Economic gains from migration to the urban western frontier in the United States, 1900–1910: A longitudinal analysis." Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 49, no. 3 (2016): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01615440.2016.1145564.

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Schorman, Rob. "“This Astounding Car for $1,500”: The Year Automobile Advertising Came of Age." Enterprise & Society 11, no. 3 (2010): 468–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700009277.

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In 1906, a writer declared that it remained an “unsolved problem whether the automobile is to prove a fad like the bicycle, or a lasting factor in the industry of the country.” A few years later, concerned with the possibility of overproduction and market saturation, auto executives and other commentators were writing articles for the advertising trade press with titles like “Why Auto Production Must Be Curtailed” and “The Fading of the Automobile Rainbow.” Considering that by the early twenty-first century, the United States had a population of nearly 300 million people and an average of 2.1

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20

Fridenson, Patrick. "Mira Wilkins and Frank Ernest Hill, American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents." Business History Review 88, no. 4 (2014): 791–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680514000774.

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Arthur L. Honiker, from “Brooklyn, New York,” reviewed American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents, first published in 1964, in the Autumn 1966 issue of the Business History Review. His review was sober, yet quite positive: “This is a thoroughly researched, straightforward account of the overseas expansion of the Ford Motor Company during the sixty years from its founding in 1903.” He praised the book's contextualization of “the vast economic and political changes in the world during that period” and “its objective evaluation of the consequences to the corporation, to the United States, a

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Phillips, Ronnie J., and Harvey Cutler. "Domestic Exchange Rates and Regional Economic Growth in the United States, 1899–1908: Evidence from Cointegration Analysis." Journal of Economic History 58, no. 4 (1998): 1010–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700021707.

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This article examines one feature of the pre—Federal Reserve financial system that has not been widely researched: the market for bank drafts (the “domestic exchanges”). Though the exchanges existed for nearly a century, critics argued that exchange rate fluctuations exacerbated financial panics. We find, using cointegration analysis over the period from 1899 to 1908, that differences in growth rates across regions caused predictable movements in rates. We conclude that the exchanges promoted efficiency in the payments system. This supports the view that the private sector might have developed

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22

Weinhauer, Klaus. "Labour Market, Work Mentality and Syndicalism: Dock Labour in the United States and Hamburg, 1900–1950s." International Review of Social History 42, no. 2 (1997): 219–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000114890.

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SummaryThis international comparison firstly examines labour market organization, casual labour and work mentality in North American seaports and in Hamburg. By contrast to British ports, these ports finally dispensed with casual labour between the world economic crisis and the Second World War, and labour markets there were centralized. Secondly, the industrial militancy of mobile dockworkers without permanent jobs is examined through a consideration of syndicalist organizations (1919–1921), and interpreted as an interplay of experiences with power in the network of labour market, workplace a

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23

Burlak, Oksana. "The Emergence of Social and Economic Rights as the New Era in the International Community’s Development: History and Contemporary." Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava”, no. 34 (August 1, 2023): 650–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/1563-3349-2023-34-650-662.

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Introduction. The world economic crisis of 1900-1903, which was accompanied by a crisis in the social sphere and resulted in the emergence of protests among the working class, became one of the significant factors that led to the First World War of 1914-1918. Therefore, there was the keen necessity to form a new international law and order with social and economic components. The League of Nations’ creation ensured its establishment, and the social and economic cooperation of states was concentrated within the framework of the ILO, in order to resolve social conflicts, protect the rights of wo

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Anderson, Elisabeth, Bruce G. Carruthers, and Timothy W. Guinnane. "An Unlikely Alliance: How Experts and Industry Transformed Consumer Credit Policy in the Early Twentieth Century United States." Social Science History 39, no. 4 (2015): 581–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.72.

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Despite the recently demonstrated importance of consumer credit for the economic health of nations and families, little is known about the history of consumer credit markets and their regulation. An important chapter in the history of consumer credit regulation came between 1909 and 1941, when policy experts at the Russell Sage Foundation (RSF) engaged in a national campaign to transform small loan markets and policy in the United States. Concentrating its efforts on state-by-state passage of the Uniform Small Loan Law, the foundation's political success hinged upon an alliance with the Americ

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Gratton, Brian, and Emily Klancher Merchant. "An Immigrant's Tale: The Mexican American Southwest 1850 to 1950." Social Science History 39, no. 4 (2015): 521–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.70.

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Recent scholarship on Mexican Americans in the United States, relying largely on qualitative evidence, sees racism and exploitation as the major explanatory factors in their history. Using representative samples of persons of Mexican origin, we argue that immigration is fundamental to their historical experience. A small, beleaguered community in 1850, the Mexican-origin population grew during the late nineteenth century due to greater security under US jurisdiction. However, immigration between 1900 and 1930 created a Southwest broadly identified with persons of Mexican origin. Economic devel

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Anindita, Mukherjee, and Banerjee Mallicka. "Reconstruction of European Geopolitics with a Special Reference to Mackinder's Heartland Theory." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 2 (2018): 291–98. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd8353.

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European geopolitics has been ever been a matter of discussion for the political geographers. The geostrategic theory of Halford Mackinder has helped in organising the thoughts in a proper way. Mackinder's theory was written under a tensed environment when European nations were preparing themselves for a great conflict either to safeguard their sovereignty or to glorify their nation. The theory was changed by the author several times as European politics never stood still since 1904. This paper tries to review the great events of European history that led to even greater political rearrang

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McDonagh, Eileen Lorenzi. "Electoral Bases of Policy Innovation in the Progressive Era: The Impact of Grass-Root Opinion on Roll-Call Voting in the House of Representatives, Sixty-third Congress, 1913–1915." Journal of Policy History 4, no. 2 (1992): 162–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089803060000693x.

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The 1900–1920 decades of the Progressive Era constitute a seminal period in American political history, evinced by successful invocation of government authority to contend with consequences of life in an urban, industrial, multicultural society. Legislative precedents established at the state and national level used public power to meet the needs of citizens unable individually to defend themselves against social and economic problems stemming from the brutal, take-off stage of industrial capitalism in the United States. Many scholars view the political transition marking these decades as prof

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Poutanen, Mary Anne, and Jason Gilliland. "Mapping Work in Early Twentieth-Century Montreal: A Rabbi, a Neighbourhood, and a Community." Articles 45, no. 2 (2018): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051383ar.

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Rabbi Simon Glazer’s 1909 daily journal provides a window onto his role as an orthodox rabbi of a largely Yiddish-speaking immigrant community, his interactions with Jewish newcomers, the range of tasks he performed to augment the inadequate stipends he received from a consortium of five city synagogues where he was chief rabbi, and the ways in which Jewish newcomers sought to become economically independent. Using a multidisciplinary methodology, including Historical Geographic Information Systems (HGIS), Glazer’s journal offers a new lens through which to view and map the social geography of

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Bértola, Luis, and Gabriel Porcile. "Convergence, trade and industrial policy: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay in the international economy, 1900–1980." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 24, no. 1 (2006): 37–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s021261090000046x.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the economic performance of three Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay) from a comparative perspective, using as a benchmark a group of four developed countries (France, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States). The focus is on the relative performance within the region and between the Latin American countries and the developed countries in the period 1900–1980. The paper argues that Argentina and Uruguay benefited from a privileged position in international markets at the beginning of the 20th century and this allowed them to converge.

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Veeser, Cyrus. "Concessions as a Modernizing Strategy in the Dominican Republic." Business History Review 83, no. 4 (2009): 731–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500000891.

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In the late 1800s, Latin American modernizers faced major obstacles to economic growth. In the Dominican Republic, elites embraced concessions as a policy to attract foreign capital to infrastructure, industry, and cash-crop agriculture. In contrast to Mexico, where concessions were public and impersonal but failed to create viable firms, Dominican concessions were public, yet corrupt, formally opposed to monopoly, yet prone to convey exclusive privileges. Dominican modernizers recognized that concessions created “monopolies that are always a hateful tyranny,” yet found no better way to attrac

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Wang, Xindi, Zeshui Xu, Xinxin Wang, and Marinko Skare. "A review of inflation from 1906 to 2022: a comprehensive analysis of inflation studies from a global perspective." Oeconomia Copernicana 13, no. 3 (2022): 595–631. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2022.018.

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Research background: Inflation has always been the core issue of economic research and there are many academic research achievements in this field. In recent years, global inflation has intensified, and many scholars focus on research in this field again, providing certain reference value for countries around the world to formulate corresponding macro policies. Purpose of the article: The five-year impact factors are used as the evaluation criteria in this paper, and 1,637 high-quality documents on inflation from 1906 to 2022 are collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Usin

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Burrow, J. W. "Victorian Historians and the Royal Historical Society (The Prothero Lecture)." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 39 (December 1989): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3678981.

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SUPERFICIALLY regarded, the foundation of the Royal Historical Society a hundred and twenty years ago belongs to that spate of foundations of academic societies and specialised disciplinary journals, on the continent and in the United States as well as in Britain, which occurred in the concluding decades of the last century and around the beginning of this. Indeed if mere date of foundation were all that counted the Society is considerably more venerable than, for example, the Royal Economic Society, which, even under its earlier title as the British Economic Association, will not celebrate it

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Rizescu, Marilena. "U.S. TRADE STRATEGY (1890-1909): PROTECTION AT HOME VERSUS FREE TRADE ABROAD." Analele Universităţii din Craiova seria Istorie 27, no. 2 (2023): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aucsi.2022.2.05.

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American trade strategy is defined by a combination of economic interest groups and competition between political parties. In the economic acts passed by Congress the almost infinitely divisible nature of the tariff, which often allowed the charges to be tailored to particular producers, created a norm of mutual noninterference and a process of legislative award in which virtually all claimants could be satisfied. As a result, the American tariff aimed for equality and uniformity in universally applied taxes. The role of political parties fluctuates depending on the interest group. The Republi

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Bonnell, Andrew G. "Transnational Socialists? German Social Democrats in Australia before 1914." Itinerario 37, no. 1 (2013): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115313000284.

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Emigration from the German states was a mass phenomenon in the “long” nineteenth century. Much of this migration was of course labour migration, and German workers were very much on the move during the nineteenth century: in addition to the traditional Wanderschaft (travels) of journeymen, the century saw increasing internal migration within and between German-speaking lands, migration from rural areas to cities, and the participation of working people in emigration to destinations outside Europe. Over five million Germans left the German states from 1820 to 1914, with a large majority choosin

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Teorell, Jan. "Partisanship and Unreformed Bureaucracy: The Drivers of Election Fraud in Sweden, 1719–1908." Social Science History 41, no. 2 (2017): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2017.8.

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This paper explains election fraud historically in the case of Sweden, drawing on original data from second-instance election petitions filed in 1719–1908. These petitions reveal systematic procedural violations committed by local election officials toward the end of the Age of Liberty in the eighteenth century. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, fraud had been largely purged from Swedish elections, and most petitions instead concerned unclear regulations pertaining to suffrage and eligibility criteria. I argue that this development cannot be explained by changes in electoral rules, the d

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Seavey, Ian. "A Tale of Two Storms: U.S. Army Disaster Relief in Puerto Rico and Texas, 1899–1900." Journal of Advanced Military Studies 13, no. 1 (2022): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21140/mcuj.20221301001.

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This article argues that the disaster relief efforts following hurricanes in Puerto Rico in 1899 and Galveston, Texas, in 1900 represent a watershed in American military history. These two cases highlight a critical juncture where the U.S. Army became the lead federal agency in imperial and domestic disaster relief and established a precedent that lasted well into the twentieth century. By declaring martial law, directly overseeing relief efforts, and plugging into existing social hierarchies, the Army and local elites completely reconstructed the political, economic, and social order of both

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Moss, David A. "Kindling a Flame under Federalism: Progressive Reformers, Corporate Elites, and the Phosphorus Match Campaign of 1909–1912." Business History Review 68, no. 2 (1994): 244–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3117443.

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In 1909, the leaders of the American Association for Labor Legislation launched a campaign to eradicate phosphorus matches from the American market. Because phosphorus match workers often contracted a hideous disease called phosphorus necrosis (or “phossy jaw”), many European countries had already prohibited the poison matches from their markets. In the United States, nearly all interested parties supported legal abolition but found that the nation's federal system constituted a formidable obstacle. No state wanted to be the first to act (for fear of driving industry from its borders), and the

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Schwartz, Thomas A., and John Yoo. "Maritime Territorial Disputes in Asia and the Relaxation of Cold War Tensions: The Case of Dokdo and the 1965 Japan-Korea Normalization Agreements." Chinese Journal of International Law 20, no. 4 (2021): 727–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chinesejil/jmab038.

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Abstract This article continues the legal and historical inquiry into the dispute between Japan and Korea over Dokdo, an island that sits in the sea between the two nations, by examining the 1965 normalization agreement between Japan and Korea. Japan has argued that the agreement, in which Japan provided economic aid to Korea, settled all outstanding claims stemming from World War II between the nations, including those over territory. We analyze the meaning of international agreements by combining traditional international legal analysis with U.S. archival records, the standard tools of diplo

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van der Putten, Frans-Paul. "Small Powers and Imperialism The Netherlands in China, 1886–1905." Itinerario 20, no. 1 (1996): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300021562.

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Ever since its publication in 1966, Tussen Neutraliteit en Imperialisme (‘Between Neutrality and Imperialism’) has been the standard work on Dutch policy towards China between 1863 and 1901. In this study the author, F. van Dongen, stresses the adherence to neutrality towards the strong European neighbour states as the fundamental guideline for Dutch foreign policy, not only within Europe but also in the Far East. This policy stemmed from the fact that the European balance-of-power system had been extended to China in the late nineteenth century, through the participation of most European stat

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IMLAY, TALBOT C. "THE ORIGINS OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR." Historical Journal 49, no. 4 (2006): 1253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x06005826.

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Anticipating total war: the German and American experiences, 1871–1914. By Manfred Boemeke, Roger Chickering, and Stig Förster. New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. ix+506. ISBN 0-521-62294-8. £55.00.German strategy and the path to Verdun: Erich von Falkenhayn and the development of attrition, 1870–1916. By Robert T. Foley. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Pp. xiv+316. ISBN 0-521-84193-3. £45.00.Europe's last summer: who started the Great War in 1914? By David Fromkin. New York: Knopf, 2004. Pp. xiii+368. ISBN 0-375-41156-9. £26.95.The origins of World War

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Uhlman, James Todd. "Dispatching Anglo-Saxonism: Whiteness and the Crises of American Racial Identity in Richard Harding Davis's Reports on the Boer War." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 19, no. 1 (2019): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781419000434.

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AbstractU.S. opinion of the Second Boer War (1899–1902) was highly divided. The debate over the war served as a proxy for fights over domestic issues of immigration, inequality, and race. Anglo-American Republicans’ support for the British was undergirded by belief in Anglo-Saxon racial superiority. Caucasian but non-Anglo Democrats and Populists disputed the Anglo-Saxonist assumptions and explicitly equated the plight of the Boers to the racial and economic inequalities they faced in the United States. They utilized Anglophobia, republican ideology, and anti-modernist jeremiads to discredit t

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Zhabskiy, M., and K. Tarasov. "Globalization of Cinematographic Communication." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 20, no. 3 (2023): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2022.20.3.70.4.

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The article examines the globalization – in its Americanization format – of the international cinematic communication within the perspective of the cultural diversity issue. The globalization process is comprehended as a result of the historical succession of market formations: from free competition in American cinema to an oligopoly and on to a national and an international monopoly. During the period of polipoly, the trail for globalization was blazed by the grande dame of the cinématographe: France. The United States, where in 1908 the market share of French films equaled 70%, mounted a res

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Bross, Benjamin A. "Embodied Contradictions and Post-Industrial Built Environments." Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research 20, no. 1 (2023): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enqarcc.v20i1.1186.

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In October of 2004, the Museo de Medicina Laboral (Museum of Labor Medicine), opened to the public in Real del Monte, State of Hidalgo, Mexico. The museum, located on the grounds of what had been the Hospital Minero (Mining Hospital), was a building complex conceived, built, and operationalized at the height of Mexico’s Industrial Revolution and the region’s only medical facility specializing in the healthcare needs of miners and their families. Utilizing historical analysis, the hospital reveals contradictions frequently embodied by the era’s Modernist built environments. Inaugurated in 1907,

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Gaines, Stanley O. "W. E. B. Du Bois on Brown v. Board of Education." Ethnic Studies Review 27, no. 1 (2004): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2004.27.1.23.

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The 1960s have been described as the “civil rights decade” in American history. Few scholar-activists have been identified as strongly with the legal, social, economic, and political changes culminating in the 1960s as has African American historian, sociologist, psychologist W. E. B. Du Bois. Inexplicably, in 2003, the 100-year anniversary of Du Bois' classic, The Souls of Black Folk (1903), came and went with little fanfare within or outside of academia. However, in 2004, the 50-year anniversary of the initial U. S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) presents an opp

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Narotzki, Doron, and Tamir Shanan. "Corporate Income Tax: We Tried the Stick, How About the Carrot?" Michigan Business & Entrepreneurial Law Review, no. 12.1 (2023): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36639/mbelr.12.1.corporate.

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Due to their ongoing focus on tax planning and continuous efforts to find new tax minimization strategies, multinational corporations have not been paying their fair share of taxes for a long time. As a result, the federal government is unable to generate much revenue through taxes levied on corporations. The government’s response to this problem has always been the same: introduce new tax laws and regulations, revise old tax laws to close “loopholes,” and hope that this will solve corporate tax evasion. For decades, this approach has failed. This Article examines the history of the corporate

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ODELL, KERRY A., and MARC D. WEIDENMIER. "Real Shock, Monetary Aftershock: The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and the Panic of 1907." Journal of Economic History 64, no. 4 (2004): 1002–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050704043062.

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In April 1906 the San Francisco earthquake and fire caused damage equal to more than 1 percent of GNP. Although the real effect of this shock was localized, it had an international financial impact: large amounts of gold flowed into the country in autumn 1906 as foreign insurers paid claims on their San Francisco policies out of home funds. This outflow prompted the Bank of England to discriminate against American finance bills and, along with other European central banks, to raise interest rates. These policies pushed the United States into recession and set the stage for the Panic of 1907.Sa

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Klotzbach, Philip J., Michael M. Bell, Steven G. Bowen, Ethan J. Gibney, Kenneth R. Knapp, and Carl J. Schreck. "Surface Pressure a More Skillful Predictor of Normalized Hurricane Damage than Maximum Sustained Wind." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 6 (2020): E830—E846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0062.1.

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Abstract Atlantic hurricane seasons have a long history of causing significant financial impacts, with Harvey, Irma, Maria, Florence, and Michael combining to incur more than 345 billion USD in direct economic damage during 2017–2018. While Michael’s damage was primarily wind and storm surge-driven, Florence’s and Harvey’s damage was predominantly rainfall and inland flood-driven. Several revised scales have been proposed to replace the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (SSHWS), which currently only categorizes the hurricane wind threat, while not explicitly handling the totality of storm im

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Nebrat, Victoria. "American political and economic doctrine in post-war reconstruction of Europe (the second half of the 1940s – early 1950s): historical lessons for Ukraine." Ìstorìâ narodnogo gospodarstva ta ekonomìčnoï dumki Ukraïni 2022, no. 55 (2022): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ingedu2022.55.009.

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In the context of the current tasks facing Ukraine as a result of the ongoing armed aggression of the Russian Federation and growing human losses and destruction of economic potential, it is important to rethink the historical experience of reconstruction plans and foreign aid to European countries in the second half of the 1940s – early 1950s. The purpose of the article is to assess the possibilities and reservations regarding the provision of large-scale foreign aid to Ukraine based on a study of the setting and implementation of the goals of the US foreign economic policy during the reconst

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Sabet, Amr. "From Wealth to Power." American Journal of Islam and Society 17, no. 1 (2000): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v17i1.2082.

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From Wealth to Power is a study in the social and historical dynamics contributingto the rise and fall of essential actors in the international system. Itattempts to join history with social sciences theory in order to shed light onbroad theoretical topics in world politics, such as the rise of new great powers.In so doing it seeks to add to the body of scholarship that combined the studyof state structure with traditional international relations theory. The particularfocus is on the expansive rise of the United States, not only to world prominence,but also as a modem state. American foreign p

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Sabet, Amr. "From Wealth to Power." American Journal of Islam and Society 18, no. 4 (2001): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v18i4.1988.

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From Wealth to Power is a study in the social and historical dynamicscontributing to the rise and fall of essential actors in the internationalsystem. It attempts to join history with social science theory in order to shedlight on broad theoretical topics in world politics, such as the rise of newgreat powers. In so doing it seeks to add to the body of scholarship whichcombines the study of state structure with traditional international relationstheory. The particular focus is on the expansive rise of the United States,not only to world prominence, but also as a modem state. American foreignpo

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