Academic literature on the topic 'Economic lot size Materials Management'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economic lot size Materials Management"
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OUYANG, B. C., and H. RAU. "AN ECONOMIC PRODUCTION LOT SIZE FOR CONTINUOUS DECREASE IN UNIT PRODUCTION COST." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 25, no. 05 (2008): 673–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595908001948.
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It is common that prices of raw materials, parts or products decrease significantly after they come onto the market. High technology products are good examples, such as PCs, CPUs, DRAM, and mobile phones. Consequently, the traditional economic production quantity (EPQ) model assuming a constant unit production cost is no longer suitable for today's time-based competition. This study incorporates linearly and exponentially decreasing unit production costs during the mature stage of a product life cycle and presents a mathematical inventory model for production policy. A recursive algorithm is developed to obtain the optimal production schedule and a one-dimension search method is applied to find the optimal number of production cycles. In addition, numerical examples to illustrate the proposed model and its significance with or without considering a continuous reduction in unit production costs for the production policy are discussed as well.
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Conceição, Jeferson, José De Souza, Elton Gimenez Rossini, Alfonso Risso, and Alexandre Beluco. "Implementation of inventory management in footwear industry." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 14, no. 2 (2021): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.3223.
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Purpose: The objective of this research was to implement new inventory management in a footwear company through the analysis of indicators obtained from inventory data collection.Design/methodology/approach: The methods of ABC analysis, demand forecasting, safety stock, reorder point and economic order quantity were applied. The items in inventory were classified by order of financial importance through ABC analysis, and the proposed indicators were analyzed to determine the moment the inventory replenishment should be carried out as well as the purchase lot size for each item. The research also analyzed the behavior of the demand and pointed out the demand forecasting method that came closest to reality.Findings: The study presents a method of implementing inventory management based on indicators derived from the application of ABC curve methods, demand forecasting, safety stock, re-fulfillment point, and economic purchased lot. It also indicates how the ABC classification of stocks can be used to check the most representative materials in stock. The study also highlights that the rejection of modifications can be surpassed by obtaining favorable results.Research limitations/implications: The inventory management applied in this work is based on indicators that resulted in two main data which were able to define the size of the purchase lot to be ordered and the amount of material needed.Practical implications: The methods of ABC analysis, demand forecasting, safety stock, reorder point and economic order quantity were applied. The items in inventory were classified by order of financial importance through ABC analysis, and the proposed indicators were analyzed to determine the moment the inventory replenishment should be carried out as well as the purchase lot size for each item. The research also analyzed the behavior of the demand and pointed out the demand forecasting method that came closest to reality.Originality/value: In this study, a method applied is presented, highlighting the importance of the methodological application for the implementation of inventory management. The study contributes to the encouragement and adoption of methodologies to improve analysis and inventory management in companies.
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Nobil, Amir Hossein, Leopoldo Eduardo Cárdenas–Barrón, and Erfan Nobil. "Optimal and simple algorithms to solve integrated procurement-production-inventory problem without/with shortage." RAIRO - Operations Research 52, no. 3 (2018): 755–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2017067.
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This research work deals with an imperfect production system considering the purchasing of raw materials in order to study the economic production quantity (EPQ). This manufacturing system produces perfect and defective finished products; defectives are considered as scrap. A single product is manufactured from multiple raw materials which are purchased from outside suppliers. In the integrated procurement-production-inventory (IPPI) model, one of the principal decisions, in addition to determining the optimal lot size to produce, is to define the number of optimal orders of each raw material with respect to rate of consumption in the manufacturing of finished product. Two cases are considered: without shortage (first model) and with shortage (backordering, second model). In the first model, the purpose is to determine jointly the optimal lot size to manufacture and the optimal number orders of each raw material in order to minimize the total cost. The second model obtains the optimal number of orders of each raw material, the optimal lot size to manufacture and the optimal shortage level with aim to minimize the total cost. This research also shows that both of the proposed inventory models are a convex programming problem, so exact algorithms to solve these inventory problems are proposed.
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Korkulu, Sezen, and Krisztina Bona. "Flexibility analysis of inventory cost model with ergonomics." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 4, no. 1 (2019): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2019.1.21.
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The economic and environmental sustainability issues in supply chain management have integrated by many researchers in the past decades. The ergonomics as a social aspect of sustainability had received a little attention by researchers. Therefore, the aim of the paper is analyzing the flexibility of developed inventory cost model with relaxation allowance and endurance time as a social aspect of sustainability. The effects of distance, unit weight of item and total number of items on relaxation allowance, the total cost of logistics operation and the EOQ model were investigated. The analyzed mathematical model was a single operator-single material model which covered transportation of fixed amount of raw materials from storage plant to production plant by manual material handling with simple cart and picking, storing, pushing and pushing back with empty cart for manual handling of the products. The different parameter values applied for analysis such as total amount of handled items (Q) changes between 500 pcs to 2750 pcs, unit weight of item (w) changes between 0.1 kg to 1 kg, distance of movement by manual material handling for picking and storing motions (d1) changes between 2 m to 3 m and the distance between the storing equipment and the supermarket of the production line for pushing motion (d2) changes between 15 m to 20 m. The results of the analysis indicated that the longer the distance of movement for all motions leads to decrease in savings of the model compared to EOQ model. The increase in unit weight of item is increase the savings obtained from application of our model and decrease the optimal lot size. There was no specific change on savings or optimal lot size as the total amount of handled item is increase. The compared results indicated that an increase in d1 and d2 lead to an increase in optimal lot size and increase in total cost of the model. Consequently, the analysis has shown that a decrease in lot size would be the better way to improve both ergonomic conditions and total cost of production in any different parameter values. Finally, the analysis of the inventory model with ergonomics were proved that this model is suitable for different industrial practices.
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Damasceno, Flávio A., Joseph L. Taraba, George B. Day, et al. "Development of Predictive Equations for Thermal Conductivity of Compost Bedding." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188503.
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Among animal facilities, compost-bedded pack (CBP) barns have attracted a lot of attention from milk producers and the scientific community. Systematic investigation of the main thermal properties utilizing sawdust in CBP barns is of environmental and economic relevance. In this paper, the aim was to (a) develop predictive equations for the thermal conductivity (k) of compost bedding as a function of moisture content (MC), the degree of compaction (DCo), and particle size (PS); and (b) investigate the links between k and depth within bedding material. Samples of compost bedding materials were collected from 42 commercial CBP barns distributed throughout Kentucky (USA). From these predictive equations, it was possible to understand how the MC, DCo, and PS of the bedding materials may influence the behavior of k. These results are very useful for solving obstacles to simulate and predict the variable outcomes of the compost bedding materials process in CBP barns, allowing for its optimization, consequently reducing the time and energy spent on their optimization and allowing for simulation and assessment of compost bedding process modifications. The results of the current study may have important implications in the design and management of bedded pack barns.
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Kimaru-Muchai, Serah. "Stakeholder Involvement in Upscaling of Soil Fertility Research Output in Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya." Journal of Global Awareness 2, Fall/Winter (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24073/jga/2/02/06.
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Food insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa has prompted a lot of research in the development of soil fertility technologies; however, few of the recommendations from soil fertility management research have been put into use by the target end-users. The objective of the study was to investigate information exchange pathways used by researchers in upscaling of soil fertility in Maara and Mbeere South Sub-counties in Kenya. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information from 22 researchers and 240 farmers. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequency, mean, and percentages, while Chi-square, Kendal's correlation coefficient was used to test the magnitude of the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Inadequate resources materials and poor networking among stakeholders were among the challenges that the researchers faced in the dissemination of their research outputs. The findings also showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between farm size and the mass media approach. Researchers and extension agents should use a mixed approach; this is the use of combined individual, group, and mass media approaches to cater to the different preferences based on socio-economic characteristics of farmers.
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Wang, Xin, and Lei Zhang. "A Combined Weighting Model Based on Maximizing Deviation for Multiple Attribute Decision-Making." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (March 15, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7679851.
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Multiattribute decision-making is an important part of decision-making theory and modern scientific decision-making. It is widely used in engineering design, economic management, and so on. It is an important part of modern decision science to sort decision objects when considering multiple attributes. Due to time pressure and lack of understanding of decision-making problems, it is difficult for decision makers to accurately express judgment information. Decision-makers’ judgment information is more suitable to be expressed by intuitionistic fuzzy sets rather than deterministic numbers or linguistic variables. In the multiattribute decision-making problem, the size of attribute weight reflects the relative importance of each attribute. The research on attribute weight determination method is one of the core problems of multiattribute decision-making. Whether it is the subjective weighting method, the objective weighting method, or the combined weighting method, the research mainly focuses on deterministic multiattribute decision-making, mostly transforming fuzzy information into deterministic information for decision-making, which will lose a lot of information. Due to the differences of objective information data, a combined weighting method in different cases was proposed in this study. The original weight information and the prior information of standardized evaluation can be fully utilized in this model. The results indicate that when decision makers have preferences for different weighting methods, the combined weighting method can be determined according to the preference information of decision makers.
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Fagone, Clelia, Margherita Santamicone, and Valentina Villa. "Architecture Engineering and Construction Industrial Framework for Circular Economy: Development of a Circular Construction Site Methodology." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031813.
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All sectors have been affected by digital, economic, and demographic transitions. These will also be completely changing the paradigms of the construction industry, which is increasingly being pressured to implement strategic solutions in order to mitigate its own current environmental impact. Existing environmental standards and voluntary protocols are useful tools for reducing the environmental impact of buildings and infrastructures above all during the operation phase, but there is no consistent methodology for creating a circular and sustainable construction stage at the moment, probably because this represents a small stage in the entire life cycle of a structure; nevertheless, the construction industry impacts a lot on the environment and should be managed in a circular way. A detailed analysis of the current problem is provided, as well as a potential solution involving a transition to a circular economic model for the entire construction lifecycle, supported by innovative models and methodologies. The purpose of this article is to create a “Circular Construction Sites” (CCS) flow using circular concepts and to develop a circular methodology for construction sustainability, considering practical solutions related to materials, water, and waste management. According to the circular economy model, the circular construction site can communicate with other industrial ecosystems to promote external circularity and zero waste production. A set of potential key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring circularity processes is presented. Finally, a method is proposed that circularizes not only the building or infrastructure design, but also the construction phase.
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Davis, Samuel G. "Scheduling Economic Lot Size Production Runs." Management Science 36, no. 8 (1990): 985–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.36.8.985.
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Wright, Blake. "Seeking Clarity in Murky Waters." Journal of Petroleum Technology 74, no. 12 (2022): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1222-0030-jpt.
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In the oil-rich Permian Basin of west Texas and southern New Mexico, water serves as catalyst and crutch, ally and enemy, asset and liability. It’s water that allows producers to fracture high-potential wells in the region and get robust volumes of oil to flow back to the wellhead. It’s water that has allowed basinwide production to climb from pre-pandemic levels of around 4.7 million to over 5.4 million B/D in November 2022—a new record for the region. However, along with the oil that flows out of each well comes produced water. A lot of it. In some areas of the Permian’s Delaware Basin, for example, for every oil barrel extracted, producers can get 15 bbl of produced water (Fig. 1). Produced water is a complex issue with no true silver bullet to solve the problem of what to do with all of it. In addition, each current handling method employed is a partial solution at best, each with its own set of hurdles. Recycling is growing in popularity and scope, but the infrastructure in place and planned is finite. Disposal is under enhanced scrutiny in both Texas and New Mexico due to its potential seismicity impact and has even been banned within several areas. Even trucking it away adds unfavorably to capital costs and environmental impacts. Produced water is also nasty stuff, full of saline and it can also contain varying amounts of oil residues, sand or mud, naturally occurring radioactive materials, chemicals from fracture fluids, bacteria, and dissolved organic compounds. On the flip side, water demand in the Permian remains high as operators move to boost production as pandemic concerns wane. According to analysis by Wood Mackenzie, the typical 500,000 bbl of water needed to fracture a 10,000-ft lateral is close to the daily demand of the city of Midland, Texas. With numbers like that, you can start to see the appeal of recycling produced water into water that can be reused by oil companies to fracture wells, and limit the reliance on other water sources and the competition for those with municipalities, farms, etc. “There are two main benefits to recycling water that companies talk about quite a lot. First, the more water you recycle, the less water you need to inject into disposal wells, and there’s a lot of scrutiny on that because of the induced seismicity in the region. Secondly, increasing recycled water use reduces sourced water costs,” explained Josh Dixon, senior research analyst with Wood Mackenzie. “Many people don’t realize it, but the cost of sourcing groundwater can be a lot higher than recycled water. If you’re sourcing all your water from water wells, you’ve got to pay the Opex of those wells, as well as royalties to the landowners where those wells are. By recycling your own produced water, you’re just basically treating something that you would otherwise have to pay to dispose of, and then you can reuse it. Water recycling Opex is coming down, and some companies are now citing increased recycling as an economic incentive as opposed to a purely ESG one.”
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economic lot size Materials Management"
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Sridhar, H. K. "Influence of Lot Sizing on Lead Time Error Costs in M.R.P. Systems- a Computer Simulation Study." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 1988. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/85.
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Timing of ordering of inventory items is of very great importance in Materials Requirement Planning. Uncertainties in timing can have an adverse effect on the system performance. Most often the lead time variation contribute to timing uncertainties; and their effects are reflected in added costs.
Lead time error effects are investigated in this thesis. The study attempts to estimate the effects through some relevant costs, and their variations across the lot sizing rules.
The hypotheses for this study are 1) Between any two lot sizing rules, there will be a significant difference in error coats due to combined effect of purchased lead time error and manufacturing lead time errors; 2) Relative cost performance of lot sizing rules in MRP is influenced by the lead time errors; 3) There will be a difference in error cost between lot for l o t rule and least total cost rule even with single source of lead time variation.
To carry out the study a MRP programme was developed, in FORTRAN 77 with provisions to include the lot sizing rules while exploding the structure. The lot sizing rules used in the study are Lot for Lot, Silver and Meal heuristics, Wagner-Whitin algorithm, Least total cost, Least unit cost and Part Period balancing.
A simulation model is developed using GPSS/PC, to test the hypotheses. An hypothetical production situation with three end items, each with a different product structure is designed. In addition, a master production schedule and a job shop are also structured. Appropriate distributions are assumed for both manufacturing lead times and purchase lead times. These provide the stochastic variables in the simulation experiments.
A series of experiments were carried out with the model to investigate into the variations of costs amongst lot sizing rules. Results of the simulation experiments prove that there are costs associated with lead time errors in MRP. These error costs vary significantly with different lot sizing rules.
It is also found that the resultant error costs vary significantly even with a single source of lead time variation. Least unit cost rule gives the beat performance having least error costs. Lot for Lot rule has shown the worst performance amongst the lot sizing rules considered. Other interesting results have emerged out of the study.
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Sridhar, H. K. "Influence of Lot Sizing on Lead Time Error Costs in M.R.P. Systems- a Computer Simulation Study." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/85.
Full textAbstract:
Timing of ordering of inventory items is of very great importance in Materials Requirement Planning. Uncertainties in timing can have an adverse effect on the system performance. Most often the lead time variation contribute to timing uncertainties; and their effects are reflected in added costs.
Lead time error effects are investigated in this thesis. The study attempts to estimate the effects through some relevant costs, and their variations across the lot sizing rules.
The hypotheses for this study are 1) Between any two lot sizing rules, there will be a significant difference in error coats due to combined effect of purchased lead time error and manufacturing lead time errors; 2) Relative cost performance of lot sizing rules in MRP is influenced by the lead time errors; 3) There will be a difference in error cost between lot for l o t rule and least total cost rule even with single source of lead time variation.
To carry out the study a MRP programme was developed, in FORTRAN 77 with provisions to include the lot sizing rules while exploding the structure. The lot sizing rules used in the study are Lot for Lot, Silver and Meal heuristics, Wagner-Whitin algorithm, Least total cost, Least unit cost and Part Period balancing.
A simulation model is developed using GPSS/PC, to test the hypotheses. An hypothetical production situation with three end items, each with a different product structure is designed. In addition, a master production schedule and a job shop are also structured. Appropriate distributions are assumed for both manufacturing lead times and purchase lead times. These provide the stochastic variables in the simulation experiments.
A series of experiments were carried out with the model to investigate into the variations of costs amongst lot sizing rules. Results of the simulation experiments prove that there are costs associated with lead time errors in MRP. These error costs vary significantly with different lot sizing rules.
It is also found that the resultant error costs vary significantly even with a single source of lead time variation. Least unit cost rule gives the beat performance having least error costs. Lot for Lot rule has shown the worst performance amongst the lot sizing rules considered. Other interesting results have emerged out of the study.
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Choi, Soodong. "Material flow system integration in EOQ, ELSP, and Kanban production environments /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901227.
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Hedlund, Tommy, and Daniel Kvarnlöf. "Optimering och balansering av cyklisk produktion : En studie på Sandvik Materials Technology PU Borrstål." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21350.
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Aim: The purpose of this study is to present and test an algorithm that gives acceptable solutions in the optimization of a dedicated production line consisting of several machines, with regards of inventory holding cost and available capacity. The aim is also to suggest possible improvements in the practical case that has been used to test the model, which have been made in cooperation with Sandvik Materials Technology and it’s product unit Rock Drill Steel, located in Sandviken, Sweden. Method: An algorithm has been elaborated from articles and science reports and has then been tested with data from the practical case. The result has then been evaluated through an analysis where the algorithm’s ability to acceptable solutions and show potential savings with regards to capital tied up in stock of finished products, safety stock and products in work in process. Results and conclusions: The study shows that the algorithm has the ability to create acceptable solutions when given a specific demand rate, cycle time and capacity. The study also shows potential savings when using a shorter production cycle, given that the unit works in a structured way in order to shorten the production cycle. Suggestions for future research: The algorithm tested in this study needs more evaluations regarding its limits and possible benefits through practical and theoretical case studies. Contributions: The algorithm the possibility to combine principles and models aimed at solving the ELSP (Economic Lot Schedule Problem) and the principles of Schedule Leveling, which is a common term in lean production to a model that optimize inventory holding costs. These theories have similar approaches to cyclic production, but have different aims. Key words: cyclic scheduling, ELSP, economic lot size problem, schedule leveling, heijunka, lean production<br>Titel: Optimering och balansering av cyklisk produktion - en studie på Sandvik Materials Technology PU Borrstål Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet Industriell Ekonomi Författare: Tommy Hedlund, Daniel Kvarnlöf Handledare: Mohammad Abid Datum: 2016 - Mars Syfte: Studiens syfte är att presentera och testa en algoritm som ger godkända resultat vid optimering av en dedikerad produktionslina bestående av flera produktionsresurser, med avseende på lagerhållningskostnad i omsättningslager samt tillgänglig kapacitet, samt att presentera möjliga förbättringsförslag utifrån de resultat som ges i det praktiska fall som simuleringsmodellen utvärderas genom. Det praktiska fallet i denna studie är Sandvik Materials Technology och dess produktenhet Borrstål. Metod: Studien har genomförts genom att en algoritm har tagits fram utifrån artiklar och forskningsrapporter på området, som sedan har prövats mot studiens praktiska fall. Resultatet har sedan utvärderats genom en analys av algoritmens förmåga att ge godkända lösningar, samt möjlig besparingspotential i det aktuella fallet utifrån kapitalbindning i omsättningslager, säkerhetslager och produkter i arbete. Resultat & slutsats: Studien visar att algoritmen har en god förmåga att skapa godkända resultat utifrån en specifik efterfrågan, cykeltid och kapacitet. Studien visar även på stora potentiella besparingar i kapitalbindning till följd av kortare cykeltid i såväl omsättningslager, säkerhetslager och produkter i arbete, givet att produktenheten arbetar strukturerat med att söka minska cykeltiden. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Algoritmen behöver ytterligare forskning kring dess begränsningar genom att utvärderas utifrån fler praktiska och teoretiska fall. Uppsatsens bidrag: Algoritmen visar på en möjlighet att kombinera ELSP (economic lot scheduling problem) och dess modeller med de principer som återfinns inom Schedule Leveling, som är ett vanligt begrepp inom lean production. Dessa teorier liknar varandra men har till viss del skilda syften, vilka kan kombineras till en modell som optimerar produktionen med avseende på lagerhållningskostnaderna.
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Moran, Terrence J. "A Simulation and Evaluation Study of the Economic Production Quantity Lot Size and Kanban for a Single Line, Multi-Product Production System Under Various Setup Times." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1213302997.
Full textBooks on the topic "Economic lot size Materials Management"
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Quadt, Daniel. Lot-Sizing and Scheduling for Flexible Flow Lines. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
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Hawley, Mark, and John Cunning, eds. Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design. CSIRO Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486303519.
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Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design is a comprehensive, practical guide to the investigation, design, operation and monitoring of mine waste dumps, dragline spoils and major stockpiles associated with large open pit mines. These facilities are some of the largest man-made structures on Earth, and while most have performed very well, there are cases where instabilities have occurred with severe consequences, including loss of life and extensive environmental and economic damage. 
 Developed and written by industry experts with extensive knowledge and experience, this book is an initiative of the Large Open Pit (LOP) Project. It comprises 16 chapters that follow the life cycle of a mine waste dump, dragline spoil or stockpile from site selection to closure and reclamation. It describes the investigation and design process, introduces a comprehensive stability rating and hazard classification system, provides guidance on acceptability criteria, and sets out the key elements of stability and runout analysis. Chapters on site and material characterisation, surface water and groundwater characterisation and management, risk assessment, operations and monitoring, management of ARD, emerging technologies and closure are included. A chapter is also dedicated to the analysis and design of dragline spoils. 
 Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design summarises the current state of practice and provides insight and guidance to mine operators, geotechnical engineers, mining engineers, hydrogeologists, geologists and other individuals that are responsible at the mine site level for ensuring the stability and performance of these structures.
 Readership includes mining engineers, geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, engineering geologists, hydrogeologists, environmental scientists, and other professionals involved in the site selection, investigation, design, permitting, construction, operation, monitoring, closure and reclamation of mine waste dumps and stockpiles.
Book chapters on the topic "Economic lot size Materials Management"
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Julius Fusic S., Kanagaraj G., and Hariharan K. "Autonomous Vehicle in Industrial Logistics Application." In Industry 4.0 and Hyper-Customized Smart Manufacturing Supply Chains. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9078-1.ch008.
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Rapid technological advances have revolutionized the industrial sector. In the global market, it is necessary to consider the new paradigm of Industry 4.0 that presents a lot of features in the industrial logistics application. It has been seen through literature that innovation management practices enable companies to compete within the autonomous and connected vehicle market and is considered as an emerging and competitive differentiator towards the growth of the product and that of meeting customer demands within the changing markets. The first case study explores the integration of GPS and GLONASS signals in AGV for localization and navigation of customer destination and materials in the indoor and outdoor environment. The second case study implemented in obstacle environment that recognized the obstacle in front of the robot and also identified the dimension of the obstacle size, length, width, circumference, height, and distance from a robot. The strength and disadvantages of the system are discussed in the logistical application and future outlines are provided.
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Julius Fusic S., Kanagaraj G., and Hariharan K. "Autonomous Vehicle in Industrial Logistics Application." In Research Anthology on Reliability and Safety in Aviation Systems, Spacecraft, and Air Transport. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5357-2.ch041.
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Rapid technological advances have revolutionized the industrial sector. In the global market, it is necessary to consider the new paradigm of Industry 4.0 that presents a lot of features in the industrial logistics application. It has been seen through literature that innovation management practices enable companies to compete within the autonomous and connected vehicle market and is considered as an emerging and competitive differentiator towards the growth of the product and that of meeting customer demands within the changing markets. The first case study explores the integration of GPS and GLONASS signals in AGV for localization and navigation of customer destination and materials in the indoor and outdoor environment. The second case study implemented in obstacle environment that recognized the obstacle in front of the robot and also identified the dimension of the obstacle size, length, width, circumference, height, and distance from a robot. The strength and disadvantages of the system are discussed in the logistical application and future outlines are provided.
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Grzymala, Zbigniew. "Circular Economy as a Sustainable Development Marketing Tool." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8681-8.ch015.
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The circular economy (also known as the circular economy and the circular economy) is one of the elements of the concept of sustainable development. Currently, it is most commonly described as an economy whose goal is to constantly maintain the highest value and utility of products, components, and materials in separate biological and technical cycles, and its task is ultimately to decouple economic development from the consumption of scarce resources. As humanity, we behave as if we have forgotten that we are part of the natural environment. The essence of assessing our progress has become the size of broadly understood consumption, which also pollutes our natural environment. In a sense, we have stopped observing nature, which can come to balance when it is out of balance. This chapter explores the circular economy as a sustainable development marketing tool.
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Robert Anderson, Kirkland. "Tourism Impact on Environmental Sustainability: A Focus on the Cruise Industry." In Tourism. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93922.
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The growth of the Global Economy and in particular the Caribbean Islands has been for the last two decades fueled by the cruise shipping industry. However, the growth in this industry gives rise to the expansion in ship size and the number of destinations. Unfortunately, the cruise line industry is responsible for the largest volume of waste, pollutants and destruction to marine lives when compared to other maritime industry sector. This chapter seeks to highlight the correlation between the industry and the growing global need for vibrant economies, a high quality of life, while protecting the environment and sustaining the world’s natural resources. A review of several literature has shown that within the last twenty years, the cruise lines have invested a lot of time and money correcting the negative environmental impacts created. Several proactive and green shipping initiatives designed to improve environmental management were successfully implemented by the industry. These diverse initiatives are group as follows: Research and Innovation, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Marketing, Awareness raising/environmental education initiative, and Green technologies. Emanating from these initiatives are: reduce or obviate of harmful environmental emissions and environmental management improvements and ultimately an environment that is experiencing an increased level of sustainability and economic activities.
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Bowden, Bradley, and Peta Stevenson-Clarke. "Causes of Railroad Labor Conflict." In Frontiers of Labor. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252041839.003.0010.
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New World railroads were seminal to nineteenth-century industrialization and European expansion. Funded by the profits of industrialization, the railroads opened new lands for agricultural and pastoral settlement, the produce of which fed the industrial workforces of the North Atlantic littoral while at the same time providing factory looms and foundries with their essential raw materials. Whether in private hands (as in the United States) or under public ownership (as in Australia), New World railroads were in managerial terms unequalled in the size and complexities of their organization. In the 1890s the power of railroad management was seemingly confirmed when they imposed dramatic reductions in wages and other employment conditions on their workforces. Where resisted, as in the United States Pullman Boycott, opposition was soon broken. Yet the managerial and financial strength of the railroads was by the 1890s more apparent than real. As mere cogs in a global production system, the railroads were financial victims of forces that they themselves helped unleash. As railroad-fueled rural expansion gradually swamped global commodity markets, the railroads found that the prices obtained for their core custom (notably corn and wheat) fell remorselessly. As prices fell, so too did railroad rates. While it was these economic mechanisms that drove management toward labor conflict, victories on this front did little to improve management’s position. The reason for this is that the railroads suffered primarily from revenue rather than labor cost problems. Saddled with large fixed costs, the railroads found that even the most severe wage and staffing cuts made little difference to their financial plight.
Conference papers on the topic "Economic lot size Materials Management"
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Saraswati, D., A. Cakravastia, B. P. Iskandar, and A. H. Halim. "Joint economic lot size model with quality improvement for a single supplier and a single buyer cooperative collaboration." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2009.5373219.
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Wangsa, I. D., I. Vanany, and N. Siswanto. "A Joint Economic Lot Size Model for a Single-manufacturer, Multiple Retailers, and Multi-product with Electric Trucks and Drone." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem55944.2022.9989922.
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Daugaviete, Mudrite, Galina Telysheva, Ojars Polis, Ausma Korica, and Kaspars Spalvis. "Plantation forests as regional strength for development of rural bioeconomy." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.001.
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The establishment of plantation forests in areas not viable for agriculture can make a significant contribution to the economy. The yield from 1 ha of plantation forest depends on the management purpose - obtaining of round wood (pulpwood, sawnlog, veneer log, tare), bioenergy and extraction of tree foliage (broadleaved and coniferous). In Latvia, based on 2019 data, plantation forests achieve 2760 ha of Scots pine, 7855 ha of Norway spruce, 7431 ha of Birch, 2123 ha of Grey alder, 1274 ha of Black alder and Populus spp. and 618 ha of Salix spp. Estimated and projected gains are calculated both as round wood over 20 to 50 years: pine - 410-to 994 thou. m3; spruce, - 335 to 2.906 thou. m3, birch - 1.040 -2.452 thou. m3. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain gross income from the whole plantation forest area in Latvia: pine-12.42-63.8 mln. EUR; spruce - 40.1 -192.3 mln. EUR; for birch - 32.2 -202.7 mln. Eur. Additionally to that, 18.6 -21.6 t ha-1 and 24.0 -37.0 t ha-1 of processed foliage can be obtained from 1 ha of pine and spruce forest plantations (40-50 years old). Alnus incana sp. (5-20 years), yielding 19.65-122.65 thou. Solid m3 and Salix spp. (3-5 years), yielding 58.71-84.97 thou. solid m3, are used for energy production, furthermore Alnus spp. wood can be used than valuable raw material for plywood production. At the same time, it is possible to capture 106-1477 thou. tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Systematic investigations of chemical composition of above mentioned Latvian plantation trees, wood and bark, have shown that incorporation of extraction treatment in existing processing schemes will allow to manufacture high value added monomeric and oligomeric products which are of great demand for substitution of synthetic ones in different economy sectors (agriculture, including means for plant protection, food industry, polymer production, pharmacy etc.). Creation of small and medium-sized enterprises in rural region in close proximity to plantations opens the opportunity for the appearance of new working places, including organization of new nurseries, plantation services, private businesses for processing of various lignocellulosic waste into new special products / semi-products / feedstock for green industrial materials and chemicals, at the same time diminishing the logistics expenses.
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Deegan, David, and Charlie Scales. "The Role of Tetronics Plasma Vitrification Technology in the Management and Conditioning of Nuclear Waste." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7271.
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Plasma Arc Technology is finding wider application in the treatment of hazardous waste materials an area which has a lot of synergy with radioactive waste management. It is being stimulated by the increasing demands of regulatory and economic drivers; currently, within the Integrated Waste Management (IWM) sector, there is a climate of rising costs, limited numbers of technological solutions, restricted access to traditional disposal based solutions and a significant levels of market consolidation. Traditionally, the IWM sector has operated with basic mixing technology solutions: e.g. physiochemical consolidation, physiochemical separation, neutralisation and basic material bulking, with ultimate reliance on landfill, cement based encapsulation and high temperature incineration (HTI). The impact of national statutes, the value of national liabilities and infrastructural deficiencies is demanding constant technological advancement for continued regulatory compliance. This paper presents information on Tetronics’ plasma based solution, for the treatment of Asbestos Containing Materials (ACM) and Plutonium Containing Material (PCM).
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Gusso, Donald G. "The Flow Accelerated Corrosion Engineer and the Working Relationship With Disciplines Within the Company’s Organization." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55195.
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Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) is a fundamental problem for nuclear, fossil, and combined cycle power plants which can result in the loss of power generation, damage to equipment, and personnel injury. These documented events and failures have attracted the attention of utilities, industry groups, and regulatory agencies. The economic impact of FAC in terms of lost power, lost revenue, damaged equipment and components, and personnel injury has gained increased attention. The mechanism of FAC involves the formation and removal of the protective oxide layer from the inside surface of the pipe or equipment. This process occurs in carbon steel piping systems, tanks, and vessels. The FAC process is influenced by flow rate, pH, oxygen content, operating temperature, material of construction, and piping configuration. To oversee and manage Flow Accelerated Corrosion (FAC) in power plants, utilities have assigned personnel the responsibility to manage the FAC program either at the corporate level or a site representative or both. One of the keys in managing FAC is the relationship, interface, and communication with the other disciplines within the organization. Some of these disciplines include Management, Operations, Maintenance, Design Engineering, System Engineering, Water Chemistry, Plant Documentation, and Non-Destructive Examination (NDE). Their responsibilities within the organization and to each other are critical in keeping the plant on-line and minimizing personnel injury. In addition, it is the foundation for maintaining an effective Flow Accelerated Corrosion Program. These relationships and responsibilities within the FAC Program will be discussed in this paper.
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Szabo, Bela. "MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN SOCIAL ECONOMY ORGANIZATIONS." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s04.044.
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The article presents a pragmatical and practical solution in probably one of the most divergent interdisciplinary science fields, called social economy. As the size of it is impressive in Europe, operationalized by the number of organizations and the employees involved, there is a need from the professionals to build a common understanding and knowledge. The cultural, historical and economic background of the countries (mainly from EU, but not exclusively) led to various understanding of social economy. The solution proposed and presented in the paper describes a cross-European project for renewing Social Economy master program�s curricula through a collaboration of 6 partners from 4 countries. The results of effort to build common knowledge, clarify definitions, approaches, define and describe types of organizations and business models on the field are included in teaching and learning materials. The challenges for the management in this area are also handled with special attention and included in a collection of working tasks and game simulations. Social economy organizations are in need for staff with specific competences, not only due to the characteristics of the area but also to fulfill the new trends in management, including sustainability management and green management. In the following years, graduates with adequate knowledge from these master programs will form the staff members of these organizations.
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Lonia, B., N. K. Nayar, S. B. Singh, and P. L. Bali. "Techno Economic Aspects of Power Generation From Agriwaste in India." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-170.
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The agricultural operations in India are suffering from a serious problem of shortage of electrical power on one side and economic and effective disposal of agriwaste stuff on the other. India being agriculture based country, 70% of its main income (share in GDP) comes from agriculture sector. Any enhancement of income from this sector is based upon adequate supply of basic inputs in this sector. Regular and adequate power supply is one such input. But, the position of power supply in our country defies both these characteristics. With a major portion of power produced being sent to the industrial and urban consumers, there is a perennial shortage of power in the agriculture sector. Consequently, there is an emergent need to produce more power in order to fulfil the needs of this sector effectively. One way of accomplishing this is setting up captive, preferably rural based, small power generation plants. In these power plants, instead of water-head, diesel oil or coal, we can use agri-residue to produce electricity. One such power plant (1–2 MW capacity) can satisfy the power need of 25 to 40 nearby villages. The agriwaste like rice straw, sugarcane-trash, coir-pith, peanut shells, wheat stalks & straw, cottonseed, stalks and husk, soyabean stalks, maize stalks & cobs, sorghum. Bagasse, wallnut shells, sunflower seeds, shells, hulls and kernels and coconut husk, wastewood and saw dust can be fruitfully utilized in power generation. This stuff is otherwise a waste and liability and consumes a lot of effort on its disposal; in addition to being a fire and health hazard. Agriwaste stuff which at present is available in abundance and prospects of its utilization in producing energy are enormous. This material can be procured at reasonably low rates from the farmers who will thus be benefited economically, apart from being relieved of the responsibility of its disposal. Agri-residue has traditionally been a major source of heat energy in rural areas in India. It is a valuable fuel even in the sub-urban areas. Inspite of rapid increase in the supply of, access lo and use of fossil fuels, agri-residue is likely to continue to play an important role, in the foreseeable future. Therefore, developing and promoting techno-economically-viable technologies to utilize agri-residue efficiently should be a persuit of high priority. Though there is no authentic data available with regard to the exact quantity of agricultural and agro-industrial residues, its rough estimate has been put at about 350 mt per annum. It is also estimated that the total cattle refuse generated is nearly 250 mt per year. Further, nearly 20% of the total land is under forest cover, which produces approximately 50 mt of fuel wood and with associated forest waste of about 5 mt.(1). Taking into account the utilization of even a portion (say 30%) of this agri-residue & agro-industrial waste as well as energy plantation on one million hectare (mha) of wastelands for power generation through bioenergy technologies, a potential of some 18000 MW of power has been estimated. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is an enormous untapped potential for energy generation from agri-residue. What is required is an immediate and urgent intensification of dedicated efforts in this field, with a view to bringing down the unit energy cost and improving efficiency and reliability of agri-waste production, conversion and utilisation, leading to subsequent saving of fossil fuels for other pressing applications. The new initiatives in national energy policy are most urgently needed to accelerate the social and economic development of the rural areas. It demands a substantial increase in production and consumption of energy for productive purposes. Such initiatives are vital for promoting the goals of sustainability. cleaner production and reduction of long-term risks of environmental pollution and consequent adverse climatic changes in future. A much needed significant social, economic and industrial development has yet to take place in large parts of rural India; be it North, West, East or South. It can be well appreciated that a conscious management of agri-residue, which is otherwise a serious liability of the farmer, through its economic conversion into electric power can offer a reasonably viable solution to our developmental needs. This vision will have to be converted into a reality within a decade or so through dedicated and planned R&D work in this area. There is a shimmering promise that the whole process of harvesting, collection, transport and economic processing and utilisation of agri-waste can be made technically and economically more viable in future. Thus, the foregoing paras amply highlight the value of agri-residue as a prospective source of electric power, particularly for supplementing the main grid during the lean supply periods or peak load hours and also for serving the remote areas in the form of stand-alone units giving a boost to decentralised power supply. This approach and option seems to be positive in view of its potential contribution to our economic and social development. No doubt, this initiative needs to be backed and perused rigorously for removing regional imbalances as well as strengthening National economy. This paper reviews the current situation with regards to generation of agriwaste and its prospects of economic conversion into electrical power, technologies presently available for this purpose, and the problems faced in such efforts. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to devise ways and means for generating electrical power from agriwaste; keeping in mind the requirements of cleaner production and environmental protection so that the initiative leads to a total solution.
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Rizkiaputra, Ricko, Satrio Goesmiyarso, Jufenilamora Nurak, et al. "The Advantages of Having Dedicated Downhole Gauges and Wellhead Meter: A Reservoir Management Perspective from a Massive Tight Gas Reservoir in the Remote Area." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205747-ms.
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Abstract Even though the downhole gauges and wellhead meter (wet gas meter) have been invented decades ago, having them installed in every wells are still considered as a luxury for many companies. However, does this view still reasonable for a tight gas reservoir let alone located in a remote area? This study will describe the benefit of having both equipment for reservoir management practice in one of the biggest tight gas reservoirs in Indonesia. Generally, reservoir management is an iterative process that incorporates the analysis of reservoir characterization, development plan, implementation, and monitoring. There are many analyses from the reservoir management process that can be performed using above mentioned equipment. Several analyses have been performed, such as: (i) Interference Test and Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA) after well is completed; (ii) Evolution of connected volume since early production until present day using Dynamic Material Balance (DMB); (iii) Flow regime and reservoir properties using Rate Transient Analysis (RTA); and (iv) Reservoir simulation: regular model update and project opportunity identification. In this study, the above-mentioned analyses are performed in one of the massive tight gas reservoir in Indonesia that is located in the remote area. Having a complete reservoir surveillance tools such as downhole gauges and wellhead meter on each wells is beneficial for reservoir management practice. Precious subsurface data can be obtained anytime without having to wait for equipment mobilization to location. This is critical for managing tight gas reservoir which usually demands robust subsurface data to reduce its uncertainties. There are several findings based on the above mentioned analyses, such as: (i) The interference test indicates there is reservoir connectivity among the production wells; (ii) The PTA indicates that the reservoir has tight properties, although longer buildup/observation time is still needed to better understand the reservoir characteristics in wider scale; (iii) The DMB analysis can be performed even in daily basis to provide the insight on connected gas initial in place (GIIP) evolution through time, as in this case it still shows an increasing GIIP through time which is suspected due to the transient flow regime on the wells; (iv) The RTA can also be performed in similar fashion, if it is combine with other analyses, this analysis able to provide a multi-scale reservoir properties investigation from near wellbore to far field and flow period observation (boundary observation) through time, as in this case the reservoir properties is tight and flow is still in transient period; (v) It increases robustness of reservoir simulation update since it is supported by many analyses, as such, series of hopper can be confidently presented to management, as in this case a project of well stimulation (Acid Fracturing) has been performed successfully and opportunity of further field development plan can be identified. This paper shows that, for the tight reservoir in the remote location, having each well equipped with downhole gauges and dedicated wellhead meter is significantly increasing the robustness of reservoir management process. Thus, providing economic optimization for the managed asset. Regarding the capital that is invested at the beginning, it will simply pay out quickly, looking at the time and resources that need to be spent for having equipment on site.
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Middleton, Bobby D., and Carmen Mendez. "Integrating Safety, Operations, Security, and Safeguards Into the Design of Small Modular Reactors." In ASME 2014 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2014-3336.
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The existing regulatory structure for nuclear power plants impacts both the design and the operation of the facility [1]. The current structure has been known to be overly conservative in several instances. This overly conservative approach results in operational costs to the facility that decrease the profit margin for nuclear power companies. The current design and build process also results in expensive retrofitting and contributes excess costs to the operations of the facility [1]. The current fleet of nuclear reactors is composed mainly of large light water reactors (LWRs) that can, to some extent, counteract these operational costs by the sheer volume of energy produced. However, the deliberately small size of small modular reactors (SMRs) prevents them from benefitting from this economy of scale. In order to be built and operated economically, SMR vendors must find ways to bring the life cycle costs in line with the economic requirements of nuclear power companies. Sandia National Laboratories has developed a framework that allows vendors and operators to address many of the operational costs during the design and manufacture stages of the SMR life cycle. The framework allows certain operational costs to be addressed in the design stages, thereby decreasing the operational costs, especially those costs associated with staffing and retrofitting. The framework pulls together best practices that have been applied successfully in other industries. Concurrent Engineering (CE) frames the procedural stages, from defining the expectations of the facility deployment, through the identification of regulatory requirements, to the pre-conceptual, conceptual and detailed design stages. A Project Management Organization is critical to the time management and success of implementing CE. The use of Integrated Safety, Operations, Security, and Safeguards (ISOSS) will lead to achieve a more efficient, cost-effective, and reliable plant. The Balance Model is introduced as a tool to document conflicts between functional areas and identify balancing strategies for conflict resolution in the requirements. Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is proposed as a variable for decision making. Facility Lifecycle Management with Building Information Modeling (BIM) is encouraged to support the Build, Activation, Continued Operations and Decommissioning of the facility [1]. To ensure that the deployment of SMR is effective and cost efficient, the ideal time to implement the framework is now, before SMR designs reach the detailed stage. SMRs hold a lot of potential and this framework can help the nuclear industry realize that potential.
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Yudhy, Muhammad Riandhy Anindika. "Innovative Reverse Engineering Approach in Design and Construction of New Gas Processing Facility in Brown Field Block Through Optimum Utilization of Excess Materials and Idle Equipment to Improve Capital Stewardship and Inventory Management. Case Study: Field X Associated Gas Recovery Project." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207771-ms.
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Abstract Successful project management boils down to effectively and efficiently managing resources to meet the project's cost and schedule. The ability to manage project effectively becomes increasingly important to recover capital project expenditures in expiring Production Sharing Contracts (PSC) blocks. The longer the time needed for a project to complete, the higher the project capital and the lower the capital recovery. Referring to look back result of several major capital facility projects, the key challenge in meeting the project cost and schedule is related to procurement of long lead materials and key process equipment. In brown field blocks, there is an opportunity to perform reverse engineering by optimally utilizing the excess materials in the warehouse and idle/unused process equipment to solve the key challenges. As additional benefit, utilization of excess materials and idle process equipment will improve inventory management and capital stewardship, since the cost to relocate and modify the equipment are significantly lower than the cost of buying a new equipment. Field X Associated Gas Recovery Project (AGRP) provided an excellent case study of successful reverse engineering approach using excess material and idle equipment in design and construction of a new gas processing facility in brown field block. Field X AGRP is designed to recover and process associated gas from X field to be used as fuel gas for the gas turbines at the internal Power Generation Plant. However, based on lesson learned from similar opportunity in the past, the cost of construction and installation of a new gas processing facility using new construction materials and new process equipment is very high, which is uneconomic at the current oil price environment. Therefore, to make the project economic, the project team shall consider the utilization of available excess material in the warehouse and idle/unused equipment into design basis. Project team conducted assessment to several facilities across the concession area to gather equipment specification data of idle process equipment and the size of available excess materials. The gas processing facility design was reverse engineered to optimally utilize the idle process equipment and excess materials. The utilization of idle equipment and excess material in construction of the gas processing facility has successfully generated cost saving up to 5 times the project cost from avoiding purchase of new equipment and new construction materials. The project successfully recovered associated gas at the rate of 0.5 MMSCFD to be used as fuel to gas turbine and produced 60 BOPD condensate from gas-liquid separation process