Academic literature on the topic 'Economical crimes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Sacchini, Giovanni. "Reati e percezione della criminalitŕ nella zona di residenza: indifferenza o convergenza?" SOCIOLOGIA E RICERCA SOCIALE, no. 88 (December 2009): 45–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sr2009-088003.
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- According to a common conception - among researchers as well - there is no apparent relation between crime perception (or insecurity) indicated in surveys and the crime trend (indicated by the police force), since the perception seems to be influenced above all by what mass-media conveys. Literature indicates two dimensions of crime perception: social concern about criminality and personal fear of the phenomenon. However resorting to a useful empirical indicator, a third dimension may be contemplated between these two: the evaluation of criminality in the residence area. This article considers data that refers to the twenty Italian regions, collected by the National Institution for Statistics - Istat, regarding the Multipurpose Survey on Families. It describes the strong correlation existing between criminality perception in the residence area and the diffusion of certain kinds of predatory crimes, in particular those in which there is a strong author-victim interaction (robbery and bag-snatching) and those in which crime authors are interested in citizens' relevant economical and symbolic goods (houses or cars).
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Voynova, Ralitsa. "Comparison Of The Transfer Of Criminal Proceeding With Other Forms Of International Legal Cooperation In Criminal Matters." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0091.
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Abstract The article examines the current regulations of the transfer of criminal proceeding in the European legislation, indicating the differences from other forms of International legal cooperation in criminal matters, such as: transfer of sentenced persons and mutual recognition of judgments. The study highlights the importance of the transfer of criminal proceeding for the International legal cooperation in criminal matters between the European countries. Its main objective is by preventing the conflicts of jurisdiction between the States concerned to ensure a more efficient, procedural economical and lawful prosecution of crimes.
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Drapezo, Roman, and Vitaly Shelestukov. "Ecological and Economical Violations as a Threat for Sustainable Development and National Environmental Safety (on Example of Kemerovo Region)." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910502016.
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The article considers the analytical and statistical materials unfolding parameters of economic and ecological crime in Kemerovo Oblast. The close interrelation of quality indicators of the presented groups of crime is caused by the specifics of the coal-mining region. The illegal coal-mining developing in the territory of Kemerovo Oblast within the decades led to the irreversible ecological effects: pollution of rivers, air, soil, deforestation, etc. The administration of Kemerovo Oblast and the enterprises of the coal-mining industry paid attention to the problem not bringing desirable results. Formed in 2011 upon the request of the governor of Kemerovo Oblast the Prosecutor’s Office on the supervision of respecting the rule of law in the coal-mining industry combines the efforts of Rostekhnadzor (the Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision) and Rosprirodnadzor (the Federal Service for Nature Management Supervision) for the prevention of proliferation of crimes in this sphere. Kemerovo State University combines the efforts of scientific community, executive authorities, public organizations and not indifferent residents of Kemerovo Oblast to recognize and prevent economic and ecological offenses. Kemerovo State University has been regularly holding the ecological and tax forums on its basis in recent years. They let bring the factors causing threat of the national security of the region and country in general to the authorities and the public.
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Brito, P. L., E. G. V. Jesus, R. M. S. Sant' Ana, C. Martins, J. P. M. Delgado, and V. O. Fernandes. "Official crime data versus collaborative crime mapping at a Brazilian city." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2 (November 11, 2014): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-137-2014.
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In July of 2013 a group of undergraduate students from the Federal University of Bahia, Brazil, published a collaborative web map called “Where I Was Robbed”. Their initial efforts in publicizing their web map were restricted to announce it at a local radio as a tool of social interest. In two months the map had almost 10.000 reports, 155 reports per day and people from more the 350 cities had already reported a crime. The present study consists in an investigation about this collaborative web map spatial correlation to official robbery data registered at the Secretary of Public Safety database, for the city of Salvador, Bahia. Kernel density estimator combined with map algebra was used to the investigation. Spatial correlations with official robbery data for the city of Salvador were not found initially, but after standardizing collaborative data and mining official registers, both data pointed at very similar areas as the main hot spots for pedestrian robbery. Both areas are located at two of the most economical active areas of the city, although web map crimes reports were more concentrated in an area with higher income population. This results and discussions indicates that this collaborative application is been used mainly by mid class and upper class parcel of the city population, but can still provide significant information on public safety priority areas. Therefore, extended divulgation, on local papers, radio and TV, of the collaborative crime map application and partnership with official agencies are strongly recommended.
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Siluyanova, Yulia A. "Trafficking in persons: cluster analysis of sending and receiving countries." Revista de la Universidad del Zulia 12, no. 34 (September 2, 2021): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.34.19.
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The objective of this article is to deepen the understanding of the problem of human trafficking by analyzing the patterns of the distribution of traffic across countries, based on international statistics on various socio-economic indicators. We conducted cluster analysis using neuro network grouping algorithm of Kohonen self-organizing maps, basing on 44 variables reflecting different social and economical aspects for 144 countries. Countries were grouped according to the type and level of risk of trafficking-related crimes, and traffic distribution maps were built based on generally accepted hypotheses about traffic factors. As a result of the study, a number of hypotheses explaining the nature of traffic were tested. The results reveal the linkage between the risk of incoming and outgoing trafficking and the socio-economic parameters of the countries and groups.
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Sabic, Dejan, Mila Pavlovic, Snezana Vujadinovic, and Miroljub Milincic. "Global and regional aspects for development of Serbia and the Balkans: The events from the past as a message for future." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 90, no. 1 (2010): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1001159s.
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In 2010 Serbia faced with many social, economical and political issues such as the economic crisis, unemployment, uncertain candidate for membership in the European Union, cooperation with the International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague and others. Recurrences of the past are still being felt in the political than some of the European Union with Serbia. Serbia has a long way toward permanent membership, and to intensify regional cooperation in Southeast Europe (SEE) through active membership in regional organizations and initiatives. Although this region for many years been burdened with the past and lack of understanding among nations, the steppes of integration is still achieved and is still stricken by stereotyped comparisons with a barrel keg, and so damn yard. The aim of this paper is to point out some directions for further development of the region and review of the circumstances that have contributed to this state, to show the events of the past who may be a message for the future. .
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Yanovska, Oleksandra, Mykhailo Vilhushynskyi, and Anna Bitsai. "PROTECTION OF PROPERTY RIGHTS: SIDE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CRIME INVESTIGATION." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 4 (November 24, 2020): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-4-168-175.
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In the democratic countries, one of the main properties of public policy is to ensure the functioning of a stable economy; it requires special attention to the investigation and prevention of economic crime. However, the economic crime investigation can cause certain side effects, such as restriction or deprivation of property rights of individuals and legal entities. That is why the analysis of the peculiarities of the protection of property rights in the economic crimes investigation is particularly relevant. The purpose of the research is to generalize approaches for understanding the economic crime's nature and structure, analysing effective ways to protect property in the economic crimes investigation, as well as the specifics of releasing property from arrest as a way to protect third party property violated in the economic crimes investigation. Materials and methods: a set of general and special scientific methods was used in a study, in particular, the dialectical method; comparative legal method; methods of analysis and synthesis; formal logical (dogmatic) method; statistical method and generalization method. The empirical basis of the study is the cases of the Supreme Court (Ukraine) and the European Court of Human Rights, statistics of the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine for 2017-2019, as well as the authors' own experience as judge of the Supreme Court and the High Specialized Court of Ukraine for Civil and Criminal Cases. Results: there are two main approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of “economic crime” defined, its main features are identified and the system of economic crimes in Ukraine is characterized. It is argued that the application of such types of punishment for serious and especially serious profit-motivated crimes as special confiscation and confiscation of property is consistent with the practice of the ECHR. The case law of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court on determining the jurisdiction of legal disputes on the release of distrained property, used in the investigation of economic crimes, is summarized. Conclusions: for correct protection of the property rights of individuals and legal entities violated during the investigation of economic crimes, the state must ensure the proper functioning of effective legal means of protection of property rights.
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Zinovjev, Igor Feliksovich, and Viktor Evgenievich Reutov. "DYNAMICS OF ECONOMIC CRIME MARKERS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA." Scientific Bulletin: finance, banking, investment., no. 2 (51) (2020): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2312-5330-2020-2-190-200.
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Considering economic crimes (CEC), as a characteristic of the relationship between the factors of the socio-economic life of the territory with crime (reflecting the dynamics of the gap between the needs of the population of the region and the degree of their actual satisfaction), it becomes possible to start modeling the predictive dynamics of emerging and realized trends in the structure of economic crime in the Republic. Crimea. Revealing the territorial specifics of CEC in the region will make it possible to plan measures to concentrate measures of state influence on the sphere of factors that predetermine the predicted dynamics of economic crime and to prevent direct material damage from a possible negative state, functioning and development of the Crimean society. The criminological analysis of quantitative indicators of the dynamics of economic crime (with all the reservations about the incompleteness of the provided statistical data for PES and their distortions) does not allow (with the demanded depth of consideration) to distance the problems of various aspects of accounting for crime in this area and the factors that predetermine its specificity in the region. In order to increase the validity and information richness of the analysis of the territorial specifics of CEC, the author’s calculated «markers» were proposed that reflect one or another aspect of economic crime, as well as dynamic trends in its structure and / or nature. Based on the analysis of marker indicators, a characteristic of the region’s economic crime was compiled and a forecast scenario for the development of trends in the CEC of the Republic of Crimea was proposed.
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Marine, Frank J. "The effects of organized crime on legitimate businesses." Journal of Financial Crime 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 214–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13590790610660926.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the development and nature of organized crime in the USA over the past 50 years, emphasizing organized crime's corruption and victimization of legitimate businesses and describing law enforcement's efforts to combat organized crime through specific case studies.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the paper analyzes the control over and corruption of legitimate businesses in the USA by the La Cosa Nostra (“LCN,” or the American Mafia), including the following industries: Las Vegas gaming; moving and storage; garment; waste – hauling; and, construction, and the following unions: the International Brotherhood of Teamsters; Laborers International Union of North America; and, the International Longshoreman's Association. The paper also describes law enforcement's successful efforts to combat such corruption through the use of criminal and civil racketeering laws and specific prosecutions. The paper then discusses the emergence in the mid‐1980s of non‐traditional organized crime groups in the USA, including various Asian ethnic groups and large‐scale human trafficking organizations that impact Europe and Asia as well as the USA.FindingsThe non‐traditional criminal groups not only prey on the legitimate businesses in ethnic Asian communities in the USA, but they also engage in complex crimes, alien smuggling, drug trafficking, credit‐card frauds, money laundering, and other financial crimes. There has emerged a new era for organized crime that began in the 1990s with the fall of the former Soviet Union and the emergence of transnational organized crime groups emanating from the nations comprising the former Soviet Bloc. These organized crime groups engage in a wide variety of economic crimes including extortion, fraud, illicit appropriation of natural resources, and public corruption. Such extensive corruption threatens the stability of some of these emerging nations.Originality/valueThis paper will be valuable to law enforcement offices and policy makers to assist them to understand the scope and nature of organized crime's adverse effects upon businesses and economic interests and to develop tools to combat such criminal activities.
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Moskaleva, E. G. "ECONOMIC CRIME IN RUSSIA: MAIN TRENDS AND FACTORS." Scientific Review: Theory and Practice 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 1726–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2020-10-8-1726-1740.
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The article presents the results of studying the level of crime in the economic sphere in the country on the basis of official statistical information from Rosstat and the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation. Economic crimes are difficult enough to detect, and the scale of latent economic crime is very large. In addition, the complexity of research in this area is due to the lack of precisely defined and unambiguously interpreted terms: “crimes in economic sphere”, “economic crimes”, “crime in economic field” or “crimes in the field of economic activity”. Summarizing the experience of theoretical and empirical research in this area, the author identifies three approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “economic crime”: legislative (based on the provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), departmental and research. The consequences of economic crimes inflict irreparable harm on economic entities, society, the state as a whole, and undermine national security. The systematization of statistical data and the research carried out over a long period of time made it possible to identify the main trends in the situation from the standpoint of criminalization and decriminalization of the Russian economy, as well as to identify regions with an increased level of economic crime. The criminological analysis of crime in the sphere of economic activity has shown that there is an increase in negative trends, and with the development of the economy, it is necessary to strengthen activities to suppress economic crime. The statistical analysis of empirical data and monographic analysis made it possible to determine the most effective, in the author’s opinion, directions of combating economic crime in the modern world.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Sarcedo, Leandro. "Crítica constitucional às tendências político-criminais aplicáveis aos crimes econômicos na sociedade contemporânea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-02082011-123337/.
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A Constituição de 1988 é dirigente, isto é, traça os objetivos ideológicos da ação política do Estado brasileiro, inclusive por meio de imperativos à atividade legislativa. A República Federativa do Brasil autodefine-se como um Estado Democrático de Direito (artigo 1º), que tem como dois de seus fundamentos a dignidade da pessoa humana e a cidadania. Além disso, consta do artigo 3º da Constituição a chamada cláusula transformadora, que estabelece como objetivos fundamentais a serem alcançados pela República: a construção de uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária; a garantia do desenvolvimento nacional; a erradicação da pobreza e a redução das desigualdades sociais. Para alcançar tais objetivos, a própria Constituição estabelece, em seu artigo 170, que a ordem econômica deve submeter-se aos ditames da justiça social. A política criminal é parte das estratégias de intervenção da política social para consecução dos objetivos dirigentes traçados na Constituição. Para tanto, utiliza-se de dados empíricos, que lhe são fornecidos pela criminologia, sobre o atual estágio de desenvolvimento da sociedade contemporânea, a atividade econômica globalizada e a criminalidade econômica, com sua vitimização massiva e sua afetação de bens jurídicos supraindividuais e sociais. O presente trabalho visa a discutir as propostas político-criminais defendidas por Winfried Hassemer e Jesús-María Silva Sánchez para a criminalidade econômica na sociedade contemporânea, contrapondo-as à proposta de responsabilizar penalmente as pessoas jurídicas.The Constitution of 1988 is a mandatory guideline, which means, it traces the ideological objectives of the political actions of the Brazilian State, including by demanding to legislative activity. The Federative Republic of Brazil defines itself as a Democratic State of Law (article 1), which has as two of its basis the dignity of the human being and the citizenship. Beyond that, the article 3 refers to a clause known as the transformer clause, which states as the main objectives to be achieved by the Republic are: to build a free, just and solidary society; to assure the national development; to eradicate the poverty and to reduce the social unequalities. To succeed in these purposes the own Constitution states in the article 170 that the economical order must be submitted to the social justice commands. The criminal policy is part of the intervention strategies of social policy to achieve the objectives guided by the Constitution. To do so, there are used empirical data, which are provided by the criminology, about the actual stage of development of contemporary society, the globalized economical activity and the economical criminality, with its massive victimization and or that affects social and supra-individual goods. The present essay aims to discuss the proposition of criminal policies made by Winfried Hassemer and Jesús-María Silva Sánchez to face the economical criminality in the contemporary society, in opposition to the suggestion that defends the criminal liability of the companies.
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Granath, Jakob. "ECONOMIC CRISES AND CRIME : The Effects of the Great Recession on Swedish Crime Rates." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448078.
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This paper investigates the impact of the 2008's financial crisis on local crime rates in Sweden. I deploy a difference-in-differences approach that contrasts the changes in reported crimes between municipalities that are more or less crisis-exposed. The results show no significant effect on any crime category nor the aggregate crime rate. However, there are indications of more densely populated municipalities experiencing an increase in crimes with underlying financial incentives, although not robust. The results are similar when the effect of the Great Recession is compared to the major financial crisis that hit Sweden in the early 90s, suggesting that economic crises do not cause any reactions in crimes. One explanation could be the increase in social grants recipients and the participation in labour market programmes. Both of which cushions the fall in income and reduces criminal motivation. The results appear robust for a variety of alternative severity measures. Potential spillovers between adjacent municipalities do not seem to be a threat as the results are similar for county-level regressions. Overall, the findings in this paper point towards the number of reported crimes being unaffected by the crisis exposure measured as the employment change and change in retail sales.
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Grings, Maicon. "Análise exploratória espacial da criminalidade no estado do Rio Grande do Sul." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1008.
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-01The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of socioeconomic variables in the indexes of economic crimes in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Thus, a descriptive analysis of economic crimes and crimes against the individual took place. Then, it was necessary to map crime, to identify each cluster group of crimes under study; and finally identify factors that may influence the rates of economic crimes for the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The theme shows importance, since it depicts one of the biggest problems faced by contemporary society. Therefore, discussions about the topic promote inferences that provide the creation of public policies aimed to combating crime. In order to meet such a proposal, this study was based on models of the Space Econometrics. For the implementation of the study, secondary databases were used from official sources such as the Department of Public Security of Rio Grande do Sul State (SSP / RS), Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA), Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the Department of SUS (DATASUS). As a result, it highlights the space concentration of economic crimes, especially in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre and the coastal region of the state. It also highlights the positive effect that IFDM variables - income and employment, Bolsa Familia and GINI Index presented in relation to the dependent variable Economic Crimes, and the negative effect that the variable rate of illiteracy presented regarding the dependent variable. Among the conclusions of this research, there is the motivational issue involving each group of crime. It plays an important role in the commission of the tort, that is verified by the spatial distribution of crime in the state. The Bolsa Familia program, contrary to what was expected, did not appear as a variable that tends to help decrease crime rates against property in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is concluded, finally, that the concentration of income is the main variable that causes the increase in economic crimes. However, education is the main factor that helps reduce economic crimes in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
A proposta deste estudo é analisar o impacto das variáveis socioeconômicas nos índices de crimes econômicos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Neste intuito, buscou-se primeiramente realizar uma análise descritiva dos crimes econômicos e crimes contra a pessoa; em um segundo momento realizar um mapeamento da criminalidade, a fim de identificar cluster de cada grupo de crimes em estudo; e por fim identificar fatores que possam influenciar os índices de crimes econômicos para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O tema se mostra de suma importância, uma vez que retrata um dos maiores problemas enfrentados pela sociedade contemporânea, por conseguinte, discussões em torno da temática promovem inferências que proporcionam a criação de políticas públicas que visam o combate da criminalidade. Com o propósito de atender tal proposta, o presente estudo baseou-se nos modelos da Econometria Espacial. Para a execução do estudo, foram utilizadas bases de dados secundários procedentes de fontes oficiais como a Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (SSP/RS), Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS). Como resultados, destacam-se a concentração espacial dos crimes econômicos, principalmente na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre e na região litorânea do Estado. Também destaca-se o efeito positivo que as variáveis IFDM Renda e Emprego, Bolsa Família e Índice de GINI apresentaram em relação à variável dependente Crimes Econômicos, e o efeito negativo que a variável taxa de analfabetismo apresentou com relação à variável dependente. Dentre as conclusões desta pesquisa, nota-se que a questão motivacional que envolve cada grupo de crimes tem um papel importante para o cometimento do ato ilícito, isso se verifica pela distribuição espacial da criminalidade no Estado. O Programa Bolsa Família, ao contrário do que se esperava, não se apresentou como uma variável que tende a auxiliar a diminuição dos índices de criminalidade contra o patrimônio no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Conclui-se, por fim, que a concentração de renda é a principal variável que acarreta o aumento dos crimes econômicos, entretanto, por sua vez, a educação é o principal fator que auxilia na diminuição dos crimes econômicos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
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Souza, Leonardo Flauzino de 1985. "A crise financeira de 2008 = uma interpretação teórica heterodoxa." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286126.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos Macedo e SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A crise econômica de 2008 pode ser analisada pelo arcabouço das teorias keynesianas, em especial a partir das interpretações em torno da teoria da preferência pela liquidez. Esta foi elaborada primeiramente na Teoria Geral de Keynes, mas alcançou interpretações muito diversas nas obras de Kaldor, Hicks, Davidson e Minsky. As idéias expostas por estes autores são capazes de fornecer algumas explicações sobre as escolhas de ativos, em especial os relacionados aos mercados financeiros, e analisar os impactos dinâmicos das decisões de financiamento e alocação do capital. Entretanto, algumas inovações financeiras, como a securitização e os derivativos, que tiveram uma participação fundamental na constituição da crise, não são, de forma geral, exploradas por estes autores. Desta forma, o presente trabalho se propõe a explorar a teoria e as interpretações supracitadas, a fim de construir uma analise teórica da crise de 2008, abarcando as contribuições das inovações financeiras mencionadas. O contexto histórico em torno da crise de 2008, analisado pelo viés teórico keynesiano, é capaz de explicar como esta tomou a forma de uma das mais severas crises da história do capitalismo contemporâneo. Ao se iniciar como uma crise de crédito convencional e aos poucos tomar a forma de uma crise de liquidez e solvência, destaca-se o papel crucial da securitização de créditos e dos derivativos financeiros neste processo, alterando as escolhas de portfólio, as decisões de financiamento e a dinâmica das interações entre os balanços das diversas instituições financeiras da economia norte-americana e mundial
Abstract: The 2008 economic crisis can be analyzed by the framework of post-Keynesian theories, especially the interpretations around the liquidity preference theory. This one was first presented in Keynes' General Theory, but it reached very different interpretations in the work of Kaldor, Hicks, Davidson and Minsky. The ideas put forward by these authors can provide some explanations about the asset choices, particularly those related to financial markets, and analyze the dynamic impact of finance decisions and capital allocation. However, some financial innovations, such as securitization and derivatives, which had a seminal role in the constitution of the crisis, are not generally exploited by these authors. Thus, this study aims to explore the theory and the interpretations above, in order to build a theoretical analysis of the 2008 economic crisis, covering the contributions of the financial innovations mentioned. The historical context surrounding the 2008 economic crisis, analyzed by the bias of Keynesian theory, is able to explain how that took the form of one of the most severe crises in the history of contemporary capitalism. When it start as a conventional credit crisis and gradually take the form of a crisis of liquidity and solvency, it highlight the crucial role of securitization of loans and financial derivatives in this process, changing the portfolio choices, funding decisions and the dynamics of interactions between the balance sheets of many financial institutions in the U.S. economy and the world
Mestrado
Ciências Economicas
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
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Moreira, Gustavo Carvalho. "Dois ensaios em economia do crime." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-16082017-143606/.
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O estudo da criminalidade é multidisciplinar e, em razão de suas consequências negativas para o bem-estar social, recentemente, o crime também se tornado um tema de interesse dos economistas. No Brasil, país que apresenta o maior número absoluto de homicídios dolosos no mundo, este interesse surgiu principalmente a partir do início do século XXI. Em meio à crescente literatura sobre o tema, essa tese buscou, por meio de dois artigos, contribuir para a análise e o entendimento deste fenômeno. No primeiro artigo, recorrendo a uma Análise de Fronteira Estocástica, estimou-se e analisou-se o subregistro de crimes contra a propriedade em Minas Gerais. O estudo justifica-se tendo em vista que o subregistro deve afetar a eficiência das políticas de segurança pública, principalmente, no que tange à alocação de recursos. Os resultados do artigo permitiram verificar os principais determinantes do subregistro e, além disso, encontrar importantes consequências do fenômeno. Entre os principais resultados, pode-se destacar que: o subregistro afeta a interpretação das estatísticas oficiais; este fenômeno influencia a atividade criminosa e; há evidências de que o registro de um crime é realizado por meio de uma avaliação de benefício-custo. No segundo artigo desta tese, que pode ser lido de modo independente do primeiro, o objetivo foi verificar, empiricamente, a existência do efeito do custo moral, aproximado pelo capital social, sobre o risco de vitimização para crimes contra a propriedade. O capital social deve afetar a criminalidade tanto pela ótica da vítima, quanto do criminoso. Pela ótica da vítima, maiores níveis de capital social entre os indivíduos elevam a probabilidade de estes cooperarem para um benefício mútuo, como o combate à criminalidade. Sob a ótica do criminoso, o capital social deve elevar o custo moral da atividade criminosa, reduzindo os benefícios da prática e, consequentemente, o risco de vitimização. Apesar da relevância teórica desta variável para explicar a criminalidade, dada a dificuldade de mensuração empírica, na literatura sobre o tema, o custo moral tem sido negligenciado ou considerado através de proxies incapazes de captá-lo adequadamente. Ademais, são escassos na literatura os estudos empíricos que comprovam essa relação, principalmente no Brasil. Como resultado principal do estudo, tem-se que a hipótese de que incrementos no capital social são capazes de reduzir o risco de vitimização não pôde ser rejeitada.The study of crime is multidisciplinary and, because of its negative consequences for social welfare, crime has also recently become a subject of interest to economists. In Brazil, the country with the highest absolute number of intentional homicides in the world, this interest arose mainly after the beginning of the 21st century. In the midst of the growing literature on the subject, this thesis sought, in two articles, to contribute to the analysis and understanding of this phenomenon. In the first article, using Stochastic Frontier Analysis, the underreporting of crimes against property in Minas Gerais was estimated and analyzed. The study is justified considering that underreporting may affect the efficiency of public security policies, especially regarding resource allocation. The results of the article allowed to verify the main determinants of underreporting and, in addition, to find important consequences of the phenomenon. Among the main results, it can be highlighted that: underreporting affects the interpretation of the official statistics; that this phenomenon influences criminal activity, and that there is evidence that filing a crime report is carried out by means of a benefit-cost evaluation. In the second article of this thesis, which can be read independently of the first one, the objective was to verify the existence of a moral cost effect, approached by social capital, on the risk of victimization for crimes against property. Social capital must affect crime both from the perspective of the victim and of the criminal. From the point of view of the victim, higher levels of social capital among individuals increase the likelihood of cooperating for mutual benefit, such as combating crime. From the point of view of the criminal, social capital must raise the moral cost of criminal activity, reducing the its benefits and, consequently, the risk of victimization. Despite the theoretical relevance of this variable to explain crime, given the difficulty of empirical measurement, moral cost has either been neglected in the literature on the subject or considered through proxies that are unable to assess it adequately. In addition, there are few empirical studies in the literature that prove this relationship, specially in Brazil. As a main result of the study, we conclude that we cannot reject the hypothesis that increases in social capital can reduce the risk of victimization.
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Aguirre, sanchez Andrea carolina. "Urban crime in Ecuador : three essays on the role of economic inequalities, population density and emotions." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES051/document.
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L’Amérique Latine et les Caraïbes sont l’une des régions plus violentes du monde. Le niveau de violence est particulièrement élevé dans les plus grandes villes de cette région (UNODC, 2013). La compréhension des déterminants de la criminalité urbaine est donc un défi majeur pour ces pays. Cette thèse a pour but d’explorer le rôle de trois déterminants de la criminalité en Équateur: les inégalités économiques, la taille des villes et le role des émotions liés aux évènements sportifs tels que les matchs de football.Avant d’entreprendre cette analyse empirique, nous proposons une revue des littératures théorique et empirique sur les déterminants de la criminalité urbaine. Une conclusion importante est que les incitations économiques conduisant à des activités criminelles sont influencées par les schémas de localisation des criminels et des victimes. Partant de ce constat, la thèse propose d’entreprendre trois analyses empiriques à différentes échelles géographiques. Tout d’abord, nous explorons l'effet des inégalités de revenus sur le risque de victimisation en Équateur, en utilisant des données individuelles issues de l’enquête nationale de victimisation. Le principal résultat est que, contrairement aux prédictions, le coefficient de Gini a un effet négatif sur la probabilité d’être victime de vols. Ce résultat pourrait être lié à une ségrégation résidentielle élevée ou à un contrôle social élevé contre la criminalité. De plus, les estimations révèlent une relation croissante et concave entre le niveau de revenu des victimes et la probabilité de victimisation concernant les vols de véhicule, qui augmente avec un revenu mensuel jusqu’à 5,100 dollars, et puis diminue.Ensuite, nous testons l'existence d'une prime de criminalité urbaine (criminalité plus élevée dans les zones urbaines) en Équateur, à l’échelle des paroisses. Le principal résultat indique que la taille des villes a une influence non-monotone sur le taux d’homicide. La probabilité de constater un ou plusieurs homicides est plus élevée dans les paroisses les plus peuplées. Toutefois, le taux d’homicide diminue avec le niveau de population dans les paroisses où se produisent des homicides. Concernant les crimes contre la propriété, les résultats confirment l’influence positive de la population sur le nombre de crime par habitant. Enfin, nous estimons l’impact des matchs de football sur le nombre d'homicides et de crimes contre la propriété dans 16 cantons d’Équateur, à l’échelle intra-urbaine. L’objectif est d’étudier l’influence des matchs de football sur les profils temporels et géographiques des crimes, ainsi que l’impact des émotions (frustration et euphorie) liées aux résultats des matchs sur la criminalité. Les résultats indiquent que le nombre d'homicides augmente 0.18% avant le match, tandis que le nombre de crimes contre la propriété augmente 12% après le match, à proximité du stade. Les matchs de football entraînent également une diffusion spatiale de la criminalité dans des quartiers éloignés des stades. Les jours de matchs, les crimes contre la propriété diminuent 0.88% avant le match et les homicides diminuent 0.05% pendant le match, dans les quartiers éloignés des stades. Après le match, les homicides et les crimes contre la propriété augmentent de manière significative dans les quartiers éloignés des stades. Enfin, l'effet des émotions sur les homicides et les crimes contre la propriété n'est pas significatif au niveau agrégé, alors qu’il est significatif en ce qui concerne les homicides commis dans la capitale de l'Équateur, QuitoLatin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the most violent regions in the world. Importantly, higher levels of violence prevail in most urbanized LAC cities (UNODC, 2013). Understanding the determinants of urban crime is therefore a major challenge for those countries. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the role of three crime determinants in Ecuador: economic inequalities, city size, and the emotions caused by soccer events.Before conducting this empirical analysis, we first review the theoretical and empirical literature on urban crime determinants. An important conclusion is that economic incentives that lead individuals to commit crime are influenced by the location pattern of criminals and victims. Building on these considerations, we perform three empirical analyses at different geographic levels.First, we explore the effect of income inequality on victimization in Ecuador, using data at the individual level thanks to the Ecuadorian Victimization survey. The main result is that, contrary to the predictions, the Gini coefficient has a negative effect on victimization by robbery. This result could be related to a high residential segregation or a high social control against crime. In addition, we provide evidence for an increasing and concave relationship between the income level of victims and the probability of victimization by vehicle theft, which first increases with a monthly household income up to $5,100, and then falls.Second, we test the existence of an urban crime premium (higher crime in urban areas) in Ecuador, at the parish level. Our main result is that population exerts a non-linear influence on the homicide rate. The probability that a homicide happens is higher in larger parishes. However, the homicide rate decreases with population in parishes with positive homicides. By contrast, the results regarding property crimes confirm that the level of population increases the number of pecuniary crimes per inhabitant.Third, we explore the effect of soccer matches on the number of homicides and property crimes in 16 cantons of Ecuador, at the intra-city level. The aim is to test whether soccer matches alter the temporal and spatial patterns of crime, and the role of emotions (frustration and euphoria) resulting from soccer matches on crime. Results reveal that the number of homicides increases by 0.18% before the match whereas the number of property crimes increases by 12% after the match, near the stadium. Soccer matches also cause spatial spillovers of crime in locations distant from stadiums. On game days, the number of property crimes falls by 0.88% before the match and the number of homicides falls by 0.05% during the match, in these distant locations. After the game, the homicides and property crimes significantly increase in locations distant from stadiums. Finally, the effect of emotions on homicides or property crimes is not significant at the aggregate level but it is significant regarding homicides that occur in the capital of Ecuador, Quito
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Beraduce, Janet. "Crime and the Economy: Economic Effects on the Crime Rates of Youngstown, Ohio." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1290443483.
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Ntampoudi, Ioanna. "Can economic crises constitute collective identity crises? : the case of Greek European identity during the Greek debt/Eurozone crisis." Thesis, Aston University, 2017. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/37501/.
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This thesis consists of a socio-psychological study of Greek European identity within the context of the Greek debt/Eurozone crisis. Drawing insights from Social Representations Theory (SRT) and Social Identity Theory (SIT), it approaches the question of identity in a dual manner, as are presentation and a psychological experience. The motivation of the research is enacted through the questioning of whether economic crises can provoke crises of collective identities. Its contribution is both theoretical and empirical. The thesis argues that although the term ‘identity crisis’ is a frequently used one, especially in conditions of post-modernity, an analytical elucidation of the varied destabilising dynamics behind potential ‘identity crises’ is unclear within existing literature. Furthermore, it is postulated that as useful and enlightening a social psychological approach may be for the study of identities, and although SIT’s focus on identity threats as destabilising for group self-esteem can help us understand identity dynamics, the discipline still lacks a more systematic analytical framework of identity destabilisations. The thesis develops an elaborate typology and conceptualisation of identity destabilisations and operationalises it for the study of Greek European identity through a triangulated single case study research design, combining a variety of data sources, such as historiographical data, media texts, expert and elite interviews, and interviews with non-expert citizens. The typology includes the destabilisations of identity conflict,identity devaluation, identity overvaluation and identity deficit. The results of the study indicate that the public discourse of the debt/Eurozone crisis has been abundant in representations of all such identity destabilisations. The interviews with Greek experts and elites, called in this study ‘ideational leaders’, and with non-expert citizens, designate that the most prevalent forms of identity destabilisation, both at the level of representation and of psychological experience in Greek society are those of identity conflict and identity devaluation. The results show a distinct public preoccupation with ideas, such as national self-reflection and collective responsibility. The representations made by expert and non-expert citizens approximate each other quite closely, while comparisons across the data sources and across time bring to the fore continuities of narratives and identity representations, which are explained within SRT’s assumption of anchoring as a return to previously established knowledge for the comprehension of new phenomena, as well as within the constraints faced by discursive actors in their attempts to construct new realities. It is concluded that a new narrative is necessitated for Greek European identity.
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Henrique, Christian Guglielmetti 1985. "O último suspiro do neo-racionalismo : o neocontratualismo de Habermas como a via para o irraionalismo." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/282073.
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Orientador: Jesus José RanieriDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: O presente trabalho centra-se em três pontos nodais. Em primeiro lugar, busca sinalizar os elementos mais gerais que caracterizam a crise estrutural do capital juntamente com o emblema da ?pós-modernidade', que emerge já em fins da década de 60 e início da década de 70 do século XX - adentrando o século XXI. A partir desse quadro histórico, e aqui penetramos no segundo ponto, visualiza-se situar a contribuição que a teoria social do filósofo alemão Jürgen Habermas dá para o debate contemporâneo acerca da questão do projeto da modernidade - a emancipação humana. Isso nos obriga a demonstrar como se movimenta sua crítica ao discurso filosófico da modernidade. Como ponto de confluência indissociável dos dois anteriores, o terceiro momento deste trabalho procura relacionar criticamente esta teoria social com o contexto histórico da crise estrutural do capital. Em outras palavras, busca-se tencionar o seu constructo filosófico-social como uma teoria da crítica emancipatória no contexto de crise estrutural do capital
Abstract: This work focus on three main points. First of all, it seeks to point the most relevant elements that characterize the structural crisis of capital along with the emblem of 'postmodernity', which emerges in the late 60th and early 70s of the 20th century - entering the 21st century. From this historical framework, here we enter the second point, our goal is to situate the contribution that social theory of the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas gives to the contemporary debate on the issue of modernity - human emancipation. This requires us to demonstrate how moves his criticism of the philosophical discourse of modernity. As a point of indissociable confluence from the two previous, the third point, seeks to critically relate this social theory with the historical context of structural crisis of capital
Mestrado
Sociologia
Mestre em Sociologia
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Antunes, Jadir. "Da possibilidade a realidade : o desenvolvimento dialetico das crises em O Capital de Karl Marx." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280375.
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Orientador: Hector BenoitTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: o conceito de crise é inseparável do conceito de capital e o desenvolvimento deste último desenvolve simultaneamenteo conceito do primeiro.Nosso trabalho pretende mostrar como o conceito de crise do capital pode ser encontrado em O Capital de Marx simultaneamente ao conceito de capital. É possível encontrar uma teoria coerente de Marx sobre as crises em O Capital, uma teoria dialética que parta da análise das possibilidades mais gerais e abstratas da crise até sua conversão em realidade, acompanhando o processo de exposição global do conceito de capital no conjunto dos três livros que compõem esta obra. Este movimento que vai da possibilidade formal e abstrata da crise até sua realidade concreta é o mesmo movimento que inicia com a análise da mercadoria e do dinheiro no Livro Primeiro até a análise das categorias mais determinadase concretas como lucro e taxa de lucro do Livro Terceiro
Abstract: The concept of crisis is inseparable from the concept of capital and the development of the latter develops simultaneously the concept of the first. Our work purports to show how the concept of crisis of capital can be viewed simultaneously with the concept of capital in Marx's The Capital. It is possible to find a coherent theory in Marx about the crises in The Capital, a dialectical theory beginning fromthe analysis of the more abstract and general possibilities of crisis up to its convertion into reality, following the process of global exposition of the concept of capital in the whole of the three books of that work. The movement which comes from the formal and abstract possibility of crisis up to its concrete reality is the same movement which begins with both the commodities and the money analysis in the First Book and ends with the analysis of the more determined and concrete categories like profit and profit rate in the Third Book
Doutorado
Doutor em Filosofia
Books on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Yang, Yahui. Economic crime and business cycles in Taiwan. Taipei, Taiwan: Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research, 1995.
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Crisi dell'economia e crisi della teoria economica: Teoria tradizionale e nuova economia civile a confronto. Napoli: Liguori, 2012.
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Favarel-Garrigues, Gilles. Policing economic crime in Russia: From Soviet planned economy to privatization. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.
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Policing economic crime in Russia: From Soviet planned economy to privatization. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.
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Sorensen, Severin L. Economic misery & crime waves: The second great depression and the coming crime wave, and what we can do about it. Gaithersburg, MD: Sikyur, 2009.
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Asogwah, F. I. Economic crimes and national development. Enugu, Nigeria: Institute For Development Studies, Univesity of Nigeria, 2008.
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N, Okoli Pontian, ed. Economic crimes and national development. Enugu, Nigeria: Institute For Development Studies, Univesity of Nigeria, 2008.
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Henning, J. J., and E. Snyman. Combating economic crime. Bloemfontein: University of the Free State, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Häkkänen-Nyholm, Helinä, and Jan-Olof Nyholm. "Psychopathy in Economical Crime, Organized Crime, and War Crimes." In Psychopathy and Law, 177–200. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119944980.ch9.
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Kenway, P. "Crises." In Marxian Economics, 110–14. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20572-1_17.
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Mitroff, Ian I., and Can M. Alpaslan. "Economic Crises." In The Crisis-Prone Society, 39–49. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137454836_5.
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Poerting, P. "Economic Crime." In Police Research in the Federal Republic of Germany, 163–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74176-0_13.
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Calomiris, Charles W. "Banking Crises." In Monetary Economics, 14–20. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230280854_2.
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Łoś, Maria. "Crimes of Managers and Entrepreneurs: Economic Crimes." In Communist Ideology, Law and Crime, 181–204. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08855-3_8.
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Gottschalk, Petter. "Economical Convenience." In Explaining White-Collar Crime, 51–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44986-9_4.
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Levi, Dr Michael. "Organising Financial Crimes: Breaking the Economic Power of Organised Crime Groups?" In Studies of Organized Crime, 117–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0985-0_13.
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Kenway, P. "Crises." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2486–89. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_536.
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Kenway, P. "Crises." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_536-1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Дыкина, Виктория, Viktoriya Dykina, Лия Маилян, and Leah Mailyan. "ACTIONS FOR PREVENTION OF ECONOMIC CRIMES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c506186cb05e3.71229350.
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The article presents preventive measures for economic crimes,
describes the subjects of crime prevention in the economic sphere, and reveals the
existing methods for detecting and preventing economic crimes. Among the most
important methods, there are: the improvement of legislation in the sphere of regulation
of the fight against economic crimes and the motivation of law enforcement agencies
for its qualitative implementation.
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Şen, Asım. "Some Major Causes of Current Economic Crises and Leadership Strategies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00167.
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This paper argues that economic inequality is one of the major causes of the current economic crises and provides some appropriate leadership strategies for solving them. Inequality is defined as unequal opportunities for economical activities among the people of a nation and among the nations of the world. The major cause of most current economic crises is the income and wealth inequality which are generated mainly by the economic growth. Leaders in the past and currently could not utilize appropriate strategies to solve the inequality problems and consequently the economic crisis grew and reached the current levels.
In order to solve the current economic crises it is necessary to eliminate the economic inequality problems and establish fair and sustainable economic growth. The leadership strategies play crucial role for this process. These strategies included in this paper are establishing the local and global shared vision for all; balancing the income and wealth distribution; providing the equal opportunities for education and employment; sharing the production and consumption; and maintaining the fair and sustainable globalization and economic growth.
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Lyakh, Tatiana. "The State of Crime in Bratsk in 1955–1991 According to the Prosecutors." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.29.
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This article presents and analyzes data on the dynamics of crime, presents the General directions of criminal activity in the city of Bratsk in 1955–1991. Also, the causes of the growth of crimes are considered. The study of regional indicators of crime dynamics in the Irkutsk region at the present stage is a significant step in the formation of ideas about the spread of social anomalies in the Soviet period. The archival materials of the Prosecutor’s office not previously used in publications have been introduced into scientific circulation.
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Крохичева, Галина, Galina Krohicheva, Алина Куровская, and Alina Kurovskaya. "DIRECTION AND FEATURES OF LAW ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY." In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c506001a4eeb5.90055886.
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The article presents the statistics of the annual collection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation on the state of crime relating to crimes of a corruption nature. The areas of activity of law enforcement agencies for ensuring economic security are analyzed, the main problems of determining the role and place of law enforcement agencies, internal affairs bodies in the system of ensuring economic security are identified, and measures are presented to improve the activities of internal affairs bodies in counteracting economic crime.
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Goschin, Zizi. "Crisis Management or Crisis Preparedness? The Importance of Economic Diversification in Building Resilience to Economic Crises." In International Conference On Research In Management. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icrmanagement.2019.10.962.
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Öngel, Volkan, and Serdar Kuzu. "An Evaluation of the Major Indicators of Economical Crisis in Central Asian Countries within the Framework of Global Financial Crisis of 2008." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00478.
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Several financial crises that have different causes and effects occured in financial markets in which globalization takes its effect increasingly. Central Asian Countries which have gained their independence after the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 both faced important socio-cultural and political changes and were affected many global crises during 1991-2012. The global financial crisis which occured in the USA in 2008 as a mortgage crisis spreaded as a result of globalization and affected the developing economies. 2008 global financial crisis caused trouble especially in macroeconomic issues such as employment, production, supply, demand, level of welfare, openness, price stability, economic growth, inflation and unemployment. This study aims to imply how the selected Central Asian Countries have been affected by the 2008 global financial crisis and their future expectations by analysing leading macroeconomic indicators. In this context, the effects of the global financial crisis on macroeconomic variables of Kazakhistan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan will be interpreted. In the light of these indicators, it will be analysed if there are leading indicators for a coming economic crisis in Central Asian Countries and also how their economic structure will be in the near future.
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Kokoeva, A. M., and A. M. Dzhorobekova. "Features of the subject of criminal offense and traces of crime in investigating economic crimes." In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-11-2018-67.
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Mihajlović, Ljiljana Stošić, and Miloš Nikolić. "CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE WORLD AND SERBIAN ECONOMY." In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b2/v3/03.
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One of the biggest economic crises since the industrial revolution centuries ago is underway, and its intensity is still invisible. The current crisis is caused by the corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic. In March, when the corona began to take off all over the world, including in Serbia, leading epidemiologists claimed that it would be better from May, some even from June, guided by the thesis that warmer weather could stop the virus and bring life back. on the "old". It is now almost impossible to give any precise forecast, both from the health and economic aspect. The only thing that is certain is uncertainty, both for workers and managers and owners, and uncertainty often brings with it fear. The economic crisis of 2020 differs from the crisis of 2008 because the current one was caused by the states with their measures, and the last one was caused by the financial sector by uncontrolled risky behavior. The consequences will be similar, because again, the banks will warn the states that they have borrowed too much, as if the debt did not arise first in order for the banks to be saved. Unlike the world economic crisis that was current ten years ago, this crisis does not have a clear focus in the financial system that can be identified and acted upon with adequate measures. The economic consequences of the pandemic are greater the more economically underdeveloped the country is, and Serbia entered this crisis as a country burdened with numerous problems, a high share of public debt in GDP and developmentally dependent on foreign capital. The suspension of economic activity for a certain period and its restart in an environment of uncertainty and fear of the now certain second wave, are trends that some companies will survive with certain reductions in production and work capacity.
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Trembošová, Miroslava, Alena Dubcová, and Miroslav Dragula. "Priestorové disparity socio-patologického javu kvality života na príklade kriminality v Bratislavskom samosprávnom kraji." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-51.
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The quality of life of the people is a broad spectrum area of scientific research. It is measured through 9 indicators, which include an indicator of physical and economic security, which includes a negative phenomenon - criminality. The aim of the paper is spatial analysis of criminality as one of the elements of quality of life in the Bratislava self-governing region (BSR) in four areas (violent, moral, property and economic), as well as a comparison of the crimes of the capital cities Bratislava and Prague. The basic tool of data processing is comparative analysis and techniques in GIS and Excel programs. Most criminal acts in Slovakia are committed in BSR and in Bratislava. The highest number is recorded in property crime, especially car robbery committed and car theft. 18.6% of all criminal offences in Slovakia were committed in BSR (69,635 in 2016). 56.7% were cleared up and only 43% in BSR. Although the Czech capital, Prague, has a population three times bigger than Bratislava, it has only two times larger amount of crimes per 1,000 inhabitants. In recount of 1,000 inhabitants Bratislava exceeds Prague in violent crime, which we consider to be a serious socio-pathological phenomenon of society which reflects in the quality of life of its inhabitants.
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Fırat, Emine. "Structural Changes in the Banking Sector in Turkey after 2001 Crisis: A Comparasion between before 2001 and after 2001." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00715.
Full textAbstract:
Globalization movements around the word caused countries to be faced with crisises successive. The financial sector has seen major losses from economic crises. Developments in the aftermath of the economic crisis has led to some changes especially in the banking sector, furthermore leading to the growth of the financial sector. In recent years, after the international economic, financial, technological and social developments, activities of banks have increased. Banks, in line with improving economic conditions and changing customer demands have been restructured in order to provide the best service to customers. First, banks increased product, service, quality, variety, technological advances, demand for advertising expenditures, customer satisfaction and efforts on risk management. After 1980, the Turkish banking sector entered a rapid change period in technology, by taking advantage of the facilities to be brought. However, when crises in November 2000 and February 2001 have been added to the previous problems in the banking system, sector has become more fragile. After the 2001 crisis the banking sector has entered the configuration process. The aim of this study is to investigate in detail the process of rapid change after the 2001 crisis, by comparing with the pre-crisis and after the crisis of Turkish banking sector in 2001. In this study, banks in the market will be examined within the framework of a lot of different topics. The changing face of the banking sector after the 2001 crisis in Turkey will form the basis of the study.
Reports on the topic "Economical crimes"
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Cook, Philip, and Jens Ludwig. Economical Crime Control. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16513.
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Cecchetti, Stephen, Marion Kohler, and Christian Upper. Financial Crises and Economic Activity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15379.
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Ruhm, Christopher. Health Effects of Economic Crises. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21604.
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Morales, Juan Antonio, and Jeffrey Sachs. Bolivia's Economic Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2620.
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Dooley, Michael, Peter Garber, and David Folkerts-Landau. The Two Crises of International Economics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13197.
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Nunn, Nathan, Nancy Qian, and Jaya Wen. Distrust and Political Turnover during Economic Crises. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24187.
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Drazen, Allan, and Vittorio Grilli. The Benefits of Crises for Economic Reforms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3527.
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Levine, Ross, Chen Lin, and Wensi Xie. Spare Tire? Stock Markets, Banking Crises, and Economic Recoveries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20863.
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Feldstein, Martin. Reducing the Risk of Economic Crisis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3620.
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Markowitz, Sara. An Economic Analysis of Alcohol, Drugs, and Violent Crime in the National Crime Victimization Survey. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7982.
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