Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Économie familiale'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Économie familiale.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Guenfoud, Karima. "Le business : organisation et vie familiale. Recherche sur l'installation dans l'illégalité." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070017.
Full textThe business organisation and family life. Setting -up into illegality. This ethnographic type research explores the life-stories of actors involved into cannabis and stolen cars traffics in order to reveal the rational behind their setting-up into illegality. The illegal practices are not dissociated from other aspects of the trafficker's life as family life for instance. Namely traffickers try hard to make coexist their legal end illegal practices in order to give coherence to their social identity. These efforts concern amongst other issues all the individual relationships with cleints, neighbours, peers, lovers and parents. This sociology of setting-up differs from sociology of delinquency as well as from academic studies concerning underground economy. This approach allows to no longer consider these illegal practices as exotic but to enhance their singular character
La, Hougue Arnaud de. "Sources de l'idéal professionnel d'une catégorie de travailleurs sociaux : les conseillers en économie sociale familiale." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H011.
Full textMarcotte, Beausoleil Manon. "L'élaboration de structures taxonomiques dans le processus de gestion en économie familiale, 2e cycle du secondaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29436.
Full textGourdon, Laurence. "Mplication du projet d'établissement d'organismes de formation dans la construction de l'identité professionnnelle des conseillers en économie sociale familiale : l'institutionnalisme d'un métier." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA083999.
Full textMy research is about the training system of counselors in Family Social Economy (ESF) and its effects on the profile of graduates. It focuses specifically on impact of educational projects of technological high schools approved by the Ministry of Education on the posture of young professional counselors in ESF. Impacts envisaged are the job profile of graduates and terms of access to first job. The fields concerned with my research are initial training (excluding training during job) and schools approved by the Ministry of National Education. My work on identity and more specifically professional identity are partly issued from the work of sociologist François Aballéa. They formed in my initial thoughts a relevant theoretical framework to study the origins and practices of the profession of counselors in Family Social Economy. To carry out this research subject, I also worked in parallel to the theory of moments through a diary activity used as a research tool
Durand-Mégret, Béatrice. "Le rôle des adolescents dans la consommation familiale : l'adolescent connecté centre de gravité de la cross-canalité." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUED004.
Full textThis research is focused on the new forms of intergenerational relations, at the same time real and virtual, on the ground of the consumption cross-channel. Since purchases are made more and more from home, we attend a transformation of the process of decision and purchase within the family, offering the opportunity to the brands to revisit their marketing approaches. This resarch invites to revisit the concept of skill, confidence and perceived risk. It higlights the appearance of new phases in the process of decision and purchase. This research also reveals the interest of the Self Determination Theory since the interaction between the consumers is taken into account
Le, Bouteillec Nathalie. "Famille, économie et développement de l'Etat-providence en Norvège et en Suède aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0029.
Full textPires, Vieira Paulo Sérgio. "Développement, économie familiale et allocation du travail : inégalités et migrations internes/externes dans un village de Beira Alta (Portugal), 1950-1970." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0067.
Full textThe international migrations are generally analyzed, from an economic point of view, as a result of the expected salaries differential. Inspired in the new economics of labour migration, our target is to analyze the migrations privileging the economic inequalities on the society of origin. The empiric work takes place in a rural community in the north of Portugal, where important migration flows appeared between 1950 and 1970. The use of different scales of analysis and different sources of information, qualitative and quantitative, has allowed the observation that the higher salaries in foreign countries influence the migration of a particular group of individuals. Those observations have theoretical and political implications in the development process that are discussed along all this research
Landais, Camille. "Essais en économie publique : fiscalité, hauts revenus, familles." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0022.
Full textThese essays focus on the impact of taxation on income inequalities, the provision of public goods, and family behaviors. First show that income inequalities have increased in France in the past years, due to a surge in top wages. L then estimate the taxable income elasticity in France, and show that it is modest, even among top income (. 15), which suggests that deadweight loss of top income taxation is weaker than previously thought. Part Il proposes estimates of the elasticity of charitable giving with respect to tax incentives, and shows that the overall response is modest and below the level that would make the French tax system optimal. Finally, part III microsimulates the French family policy and with long-run tax data estimates the elasticity of fertility with respect to french tax incentives (Quotient Familial)
Ka, Aminata. "Perceptions et performances en éducation environnementale (EE) des élèves des collèges d'enseignement moyen (CEM) du Sénégal à travers les pratiques d'enseignement en économie familiale sociale (EFS)." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21585.
Full textThe study is part of the assessment of enviromental education in the Senegalese formal educational system. It is based particularly on the current family socio-economic program, which, like life and land sciences and geography, prentends to do to environmental education through the themes conducted in class. The current research, aims, on the one hand, from the class attended by the pupils (6th, 5th, 3rd forms), and their environment (urban, suburban, rural), to describe, from investigation questionnaires, their social determinant and their perceptions of the context of class, the method used by the teacher and motivation generated, during the conduct of the course in environmental education. On the other hand, the study assesses the performances of pupils, following the level of class attended, from tests derived from the achievements of pupils. The measure of changes to the perceptions and performance in environmental education, compared to class groups, has enable us to compare the averages for pupils of different groups of classes according to the middle of inclusion, has the support of the analysis by the test of Bonferroni of Schiffer. The tests of PEARSON enabled us to control the correlation between perceptions en performance in environmental education, for different involved groups and draw the educational, instructional and methodological conclusions. Thus, 1986 pupils attending grammar school toof part in the investigations. The data processing has allowed us to highlight the growing gap between the perceptions and performance in environmental education and this for all the forms considered. Beyong the reponses to the assumptions of research, the urgency of a coherent decision making in the field of environmental education for sustainable development has been demonstrated by coming up with a teacher training program closely connected to the objectives of environmental education and especially contred on the learner's social integration
Le, Doaré Nelly. "Réflexion sur les fonctions éducatives des conseillères E. S. F. (économie sociale et familiale), au sein des centres sociaux : le cas de la Sarthe." Lyon 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO20026.
Full textThe missions entrusted to the social centers either by the national board for family allowances when they give reimbursements and whis a social project, or by the french federation of social centers are rather general. Nowadays the educational task, in particular, is reducted to a declaration of principles. The institutional frame within which the social counsellors in E. S. F. Are evoluting gives ample way to the logics of common social workers. An analysis of the social identity process of those counsellers leads to understanding what stirs the educational functions they fullfill within the frame of freedom and self-finalization allowed by the institution. As far as methodology is concerned in understanding the educational choices, one has resorted to talks with a focus? bit is borrowed from the research by a German scientist, based upon Husserl's phenomenology
Sassi, Mohamed. "Entre l’État et le marché, Desmarais Frères et la politique pétrolière de la France de 1861 à 1974 : de l’entreprise familiale à l’entrée dans la CFP." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040101.
Full textWith through the example of the family company Desmarais Frères (1861-1965), one attends since 1924 the coexistence of the family company and the large modern oil company (the CFP-Total). It is starting from this paradox that the present thesis tries to recall the development of French oil industry while insisting on diversity of the history, the laid down objectives and the means set up. The environmental approach adopted in this research aims at analyzing the various factors intern (personal, employers, organisational structure, etc. ) and external, related to the development of an industry (official intervention, development of the technique, compete with, etc). In front of the constraints suitable for oil industry and the need for vertical integration, one can see how a complementarity is essential between the large semi-public company and the private company
Senne, Jean-Noël. "Migration, remittances and schooling decisions within the household : evidence from innovative surveys in Senegal and Madagascar." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0124.
Full textThis doctoral thesis proposes three original contributions to the theoretical and empirical literature in development economics in Africa. The two broad fields of investigation are the economics of international migration in Senegal and the economics of education in Madagascar. The first chapter deals with the issue of intra-household selection into migration and aims at identifying the key components that drive the selection of migrants within their origin household. The second chapter investigates the social determinants of remittances and analyzes the influence of the redistributive norms conveyed by the origin household through migrant networks at destination on the likelihood and amounts of remittances. The third chapter investigates the impact of adult mortality within the household on subsequent children schooling decisions over the short and long run. These three chapters ail build on a microeconomic approach of decisions and behaviors among individuals within a household. The originality of the underlying data sets -ROR and MIDDAS -allows not only to bring new insights on some issues that may have been already explored by the literature, but also to tackle issues that have been so far un-or under-explored due to a lack of appropriate data. This thesis therefore highlights the importance of inter-disciplinarity, fieldwork and innovative survey designs in the investigation of original questions at the frontier of the existing research
Gesson, Claire. "Les politiques financières familiales dans l'Union Européenne : de l'hétérogénéité vers une convergence des modèles." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT3013.
Full textFamily policy is generally presented as an element of social policy destined to give public support to the family, regarded as the core cell of society. All member states of the European Union offer this type of support which takes the form of financial allowances due to the family. However, the comparison between european national family policies shows a wide heterogeneity of the basis and financial means of theses policies. There is not one but several model of family policy in Europe. The existing differences in conceptions and implementations of family policy are receding under the influence of a dual movement. On the one hand, similar changes touching the social and financial systems operate a convergence of family policies in Europe. On the other hand, the European Union has progessively taken charge of the issue of family support, which has brought about an harmonisation of national family policies
Fredj, Noureddine. "L'économie informelle, son fonctionnement intrasystémique et intersystémique : étude des facteurs socio-économiques favorables au maintien de la dynamique familiale et à l'implantation de la dynamique salariale dans une économie en voie de développement : cas de la Tunisie." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0005.
Full textThe complexity of social and economic realities in less developed countries, cannot be explained by the sole concept : "capital-merchandise". The diversity of social relations of both work socialisation and production process differenciation, lead us to formulate the nature of the articulation between the different organizations forms of economic activities. According to the results of the tunisian economic evolution, we will attempt to explain the economic reality's nature from the combination of five essential dimensions : cooperation, favour, competition, temps and space. The first hypothesis reflects the familial model, the second, the generalisation of the salarial relations, the third representes the preferential practice , the forth means the variation of parameters between the past and the future, and finaly the firth, designs the variation of parameters between the little infinitely process and the big infinitely process. In terms of stable trend, there are two strategies : familial model and salarial model. We will try to analyze the combination of these two models by using a new notion, that we will call : "non unitary complexity of socialisation heterogeneous work". This notion constitutes the explanatory model of both salarisation and informellisation phenomena
Prunier, Delphine. "De nouvelles ruralités en Amérique centrale ? : dynamiques de mobilité, ressources et organisations familiales." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952934.
Full textTsering, Chemi. "Orientations stratégiques complémentaires et microentreprises familiales dans une économie émergente." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD034/document.
Full textThis dissertation endeavors to understand the impact of multiple strategic orientations on the performance of the micro family business in developing economy settings in three distinct phases. First, we raised a question whether family micro-entrepreneurs gain performance benefits by developing simultaneously high levels of entrepreneurial-oriented and market-oriented activities. We also investigated whether these complementary strategic orientations on performance are rewarded by cultivating high levels of firm social capital in the form of business and social network ties. In addition, we raised a question how family fits together in the context of multiple strategic orientations to achieve superior performance. The initial study, therefore, yielded a rich research theme related to family business in the context of institutionally constrained environment. We have shown that micro family businesses do maximize their business performance by investing on higher levels of entrepreneurial and market orientation. Furthermore, firm socialization process with their external business entities increase the performance benefits by combined effects of entrepreneurial and market orientations in an emerging market setting. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the study revealed that business profitability increases when both orientations are high but only when family involvement is low. This result yielded important insights into the role of family influence in shaping firm strategic behaviors to achieve better performance. The subsequent study, therefore, reviews and revealed the dark and bright side of the family in combination with entrepreneurial and market orientation behaviors and its consequent impact on performance. The final quantitative study contradicts previous research finding revealing the importance of family-based capabilities in supporting risk-taking behaviors to increase family wealth in an emerging market setting
Chaxel, Sophie. "Trajectoires des agriculteurs dans la Pampa argentine : quelles ressources pour s'adapter aux situations d'incertitude et s'engager dans de nouveaux projets ?" Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20072/document.
Full textIn the Pampa neoliberal policies and the rapid development of « firm agriculture » suggest that family-type farmers are threatened due to the many uncertainties about the future. On the contrary the present thesis shows how this unpredictability leads these actors to draw on their experience in order to develop new practices and branch out into new occupations. The point is whether this reflexive capacity can be interpreted as a form of resistance, adaptation or empowerment. This thesis aims to provide a sociological analysis of the life trajectories and bifurcations as experienced and related in life narratives by different producers of the same rural area (Balcarce). The purpose is: 1. to reconstruct professional trajectories illustrating the recent transformations of Pampean agriculture as well as the emerging processes of the new occupational identities which coexist today in the rural areas ; 2. to highlight the strategies or modalities through which actors construct their decisions and actions and 3. to question the relevance of the notion of adaptation as a way to analyse the changes as experienced by the farmers or develop new schemes to support them in their projects
Razanaparany, Sohary Manambahy. "Innovation, liens sociaux et stratégies productives des ménages ruraux malgaches : une étude de cas dans la commune rurale d'Ambalavao." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB202/document.
Full textThe rural population of the Malagasy Central Highlands stands for by a lifestyle which maintains a very close relationship between cultural manners an customs, social links and household economy. However, despite the introduction of innovations, those rural household are suffering from a shortage of agriculture production, and a low access to basic public services. This situation has an impact on the household economic management and in its life quality. As a result, different parameters like harvest managing, mobilization of social links, new innovating practices system must be taken into consideration. In that case, this argument concerning the rural district of Ambalavao aims at bringing knowledge how much these families manage to gather those parameters in their productive strategy and their vision of development
Fontaine, Roméo. "Le soutien familial aux personnes âgées dépendantes : Analyses micro-économétriques des comportements individuels et familiaux de prise en charge." Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/7370.
Full textWith the population ageing, the expected increase in the long term care demand questions the role our societies want to entrust to family in the care provision for disabled elderly people. We use a micro-econometric framework to study individual and family caregiving behaviours. From a public policy perspective, three mains findings emerge from the analysis proposed. First, the identification of family interactions in individual caregiving decisions highlights the necessity to reconsider the idea of an inexorable decline in family support. Second, the decrease in labour supply induced by the care provision beyond a certain level points out the limits of a public policy aimed at both extending the work lives of seniors and encouraging informal care for disabled elderly people. Finally, the use au publicly funded formal care is associated with a rather modest decline in family support
Boly, Hermance. "Les détermiinants du travail domestique des enfants dans l'unité familiale en Côte d'Ivoire: Aspects extensifs et intensifs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30321/30321.pdf.
Full textBach, Laurent. "Essais en économie des entreprises et de la gouvernance." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0128.
Full textThis dissertation is an attempt to evaluate the efficiency of the renewal of the French elites in three different cases. The first part of the dissertation measures the credit constraints faced by small firms. We take advantage of successive reforms of a targeted lending programme in order to study fIrms' reaction to this kind of policy. We run a differences-in-differences estimation and find that French firms were heavily credit-constrained in the middle of the 1990's. In the second part of the dissertation, we estimate the performance of family firms, which we define as those whose CEOs are chosen within the family of the founder rather than on the job market. We deliver some theoretical predictions regarding these firms in terms of development and financial management. These predictions are confirmed by the empirical analysis we run on a sample of French firms during the period 1994-2006. In terms of social welfare, we estimate that the gains from a lower firm-Ievel volatility are outweighed by the costs of a stunted firm growth. In the last part of the dissertation, we measure the extent to which French MPs' efficiency is undermined by the practice of multiple office-holding. We find that during the period 1988-2009, politicians who hold a local office do not perform better or worse in national elections. However, a mayoral office in a significant town reduces MPs' committee attendance by about One third. From this, we draw the conclusion that multiple office-holding should be more penalised than it is currently
Antoun-Nakhle, Racquel. "Les contrats de mariage religieux comme contrats de distribution sélective : cas de cinq communautés religieuses au Liban." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020045.
Full textThis thesis attempts to look at religious marriage contracts of five Lebanese communities as selective distribution contracts and to explain the economic behavior of households (in terms of decision making, labor supply and fertility) by the proximity between the two legislations. The analogy between these two types of contracts is clear in the following points: First, the analogy is conceived in terms of the purpose of the contract, contract of exchange and reciprocity. Then, at the relationship between the parties, the woman is the dealer and the spouse is the manufacturer, it is about collaboration and interdependence. On the asymmetry in obligations of the parties, as the selective distribution contract is said one-sided contract in favor of the grantor, the marriage contract contains also patriarchal clauses. And finally, the precarious situation of the dealer for breach of contract. This is the “asymmetry in the rights and obligations "between the parties that determines the proximity of each type of religious marriage contract to the selective distribution contract. And it is from this prism that the economic choice of households will be analyzed. In this perspective, the entrepreneurial approach of the family is selected as a model for economic analysis of the family. This approach has the advantage of considering the marital relationship as a relation governed by a contract, as is the case of a trade contract. A survey has been conducted to justify the impact of legislation on the economic choice of Lebanese households. The inhabitants of Beirut seem to be most sensitive to the contractual terms
Valy, Amine. "Systèmes de production agricoles et politique économique et sociale à la Réunion : l'exploitation familiale en question." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOE002.
Full textThis piece of research set out to study how family farming concerns work. This work is based on the firm theory and its extensions and particularly on the adaptative behavior theory and chaynov's works. In concrete terms, the monographical analysis and clinical approach have been given preference. The results of the study of a sample of concerns have shown a large variety in production farming but above all a very low level of real income. The incomes of work are equally very low, but they cannot be studied regardless of aggregate family income. The idea of project enables us to account for family strategies. Actually, there are "periods" when farming is priority as far as choices and family strategies are concerned. These periods in family life cycles correspond to precise situation when a large number of conditions are gathered simultaneously to permite intensive farming. But nowdays new arbitrages linked with the social and economic organisation and new forms of solidarity make farms more fragile and instable. A decrease in farm work productivity has been observed in comparison with other household incomes and the social policy serves then as a regulator through social transferts. Finally, the last level of the analysis shosws that the policy conducted to promote sugar cane has determined the regional development of reunion island
Delaune, Florence. "Solidarité réciproque généralisée et efficacité économique : le cas des entreprises familiales chinoises en Malaisie." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL12016.
Full textThe chinese communities of malaysia and singapore show signs of an unquestionable economic efficiency. Research into the essential and specific reasons for this success is made here by using tools pertaining to economic theory through weberian methodology. The key concept studied here is "generalized reciprocal solidarity" (grs), defined as a particular type of altruism. This is done by using the economic theories put together under the term "altruism" which are classified in two types : those belonging to "altruism in time", and those related to "altruism in space". Use of these theories is characterized by taking into account anthropological and sociological elements (reputation, (confucian) ethics, trust) which are essential to understanding and give more weight to the conclusions of economic science of human behavior. Such a method reveals the universality of the concepts of economic theory when it allows to tailor these to the specific features of each community and fight the notion of an ideal "cultural model" as the sole explanation of the observed phenomenon. The analysis of "grs in time" establishes links between this kind of solidarity, the organisation of chinese family businesses in networks, and trust, guaranteed by the reputation system and ethics
Fieyre, Marie-Lise. "Bâtards de princes : identité, parenté et pouvoir des enfants naturels chez les Bourbon (XIVe-milieu du XVIe siècle)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC326.
Full textAt the end of the Middle Ages, bastard children of nobles benefited from a privileged situation. The study of the House of the Bourbon dukes (14th-mid-16th centuries) shows that such recognition was expressed through identity, kinship and the power conferred upon people of illegitimate birth. The objective is to highlight the system which favored the social promotion of a population born outside of marriage. Natural children benefitted from a unique situation, expressed through specific languages of identity. This allowed then to claim paternal lineage as well, which assured them of a certain social standing. The discourses produced regarding bastards are reflected most notably in the attitude towards them based on their ties of kinship, which includes them as part and parcel of the lineage. Children born outside of marriage thus reinforce legitimate kinship and participate in the social reproduction of the family. Through their professional roles, the patrimony which they possess and/or the alliances which they forge, they support the political ambitions of the princes, in a context of the restructuration of power relations with royalty
La, Rupelle Maëlys de. "Institutions financières, migrations et inégalités en Chine." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0025.
Full textThis PhD focuses on the relationship between institutions and development, and, more specifically, on land rights and on internaI migration in China in the early 2000s. Our work deals with two main questions: is institution al reform able to transform deeply society and to have a durable impact on inequaIity ? How institutions are impacting individual decisions and therefore development? The three decades of the Maoist period aimed precisely at disrupting the intergenerational transmission of inequalities. Yet, we show that the offspring of the households which were the poorest in the 1940s have, in the ear1y twenty-first century, less access to land and education than others. In rare areas, where revolution has benefited from additional resources and that the Long March path identifies, we observe a reverse pattern: the sons of the former poor peasants rely on a bigger amount of land than others. As access to land and education proves to be persistent, migration has an important role to play in developing the countryside. However, migration is heavily constrained by a set of institutions. The household registration system, or Hukou, land rights, birth control are making a definitive settlement in urban areas extremely difficult. We show how land rights insecurity, jeopardizing the main asset of rural households, and family planning policies, reducing family size, and thus resources to cope with agricultural needs, shorten migration duration
Porcer, Didier. "Trajectoires familiales et professionnelles : contribution à l'histoire économique et sociale du Languedoc (XVIe-XXe siècle)." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30010.
Full textMartin, Jacqueline. "Activite feminine, taille des familles et politique familiale perspective historique 1892-1992-." Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10037.
Full textWomen's economic activity rates and family policy are two topics which have rarely been analysed in conjunction and which have been largely ignored in economic theory. However, because of the intermediate position they occupy between the social and economic spheres, they are directly related to the significant changes that have taken place in the productive system and in the social organisation of modern societies. A quantitative, institutional and historical economic methodology enables us to clarify the veritable relationship between family policy and the economic activity rates of women with dependant children in france. A long-term historical perspective, through analysis of the emergence of the family allowance system and the history of women's employment, serves to shed some light on the different stages of the progressive social construction of an opposition between women's economic activity and fertility rates as the degree of state intervention increases. The single salary allowance (allocation de salaire unique) can be taken as an illustration of the institutionalisation of the opposition between women's economic activity and fertility rates. Since the value of this allowance varies according to the birth rank of children, it has a differential influence on women's decision to leave the labour market according to the total number of dependant children and also according to the historical reforms of family policy. Based on an original empirical analysis of the value of family allowances (for three different types of family size) in relation to women's average wagerates, this thesis demonstrates that, from 1954 onwards, the increase in women's economic activity rates varies according to three distinct periods. Each of these periods illustrates a specific relationship between women's activity rates and the value of the family allowance. Thus, the number of dependant children can be taken as a determinant variable in the analysis of the influence of family policy on the changes in women's economic activity rates over time. It enables us to introduce a number of institutional variables which help to overcome the shortcomings of previous analyses of this phenomenon
Matteudi, Emmanuel. "L'enfance de la montagne : structures familiales, capacité d'entreprendre et développement touristique." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21016.
Full textThe objective of this research is to analyse undertaking strategies of the mountain dwellers and the way they take place in development process of the local communities. It is about the research of an explanation of the unequal ability of a local population to undertake or to get in touch with the global society. The adopted way to reach this objective is the reading of the family structures and of their evolution during the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. This thesis uses the study of three cases : beaufort areches, the valley of belleville and la plagne. The first part lays out the theoretical context which starts with a family approach in the analysis of the tourist development. The second part analyses the link between the family systems found and the economic strategies that set people up. The third part is talking about the dynamic of the family systems in their relations with the agrarian organisations as parameters of the evolution of the rural societes. This part describe three kinds of environments corresponding to 3 studied areas : an innovative anvironment at beaufort-areches, a conservative environment at st martin de belleville a passive environment at aine and macot la plagne. The fourth part analyses the tourist development as revealing of the anthropological structures of mountain people societies
Lepage, Fanny. "Les déterminants financiers et organisationnels de la viabilité économique des entreprises agricoles familiales après leur transfert." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25785/25785.pdf.
Full textSantelli, Emmanuelle. "Des cheminements sociaux aux constructions de trajectoires professionnelles : histoires familiales, relations sociales et mobilité : des cadres et des entrepreneurs d'origine algérienne." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20023.
Full textFrom algeria to france, and through the professional courses of children whose parents were algerian immigrants, the families social courses are recalled and analysed. The caracteristic of the persons interviewed in this investigation is to be a manager or a business owner in france today. From this professionnal status, one of the main hypothesis lies in checking out the repercussion of family handing down in the social courses achieved inside the french community. Different social practices, such as matrimonial union, sociability, clubs involvement and both professional and residential mobility have been analysed in order to study the elaboration of those choices and directions. In the same way "choices" were to be made (a possible change of nationality, relationship to algeria, etc. ) according to the courses realised by those persons in the french community and according to the representation they have from the ones of their parents. The intergenerational approach is then favoured, through the space-times taken into consideration, in order to understand the family and social constellations from which the social processes are worked out
Zenou, Benoît Pierre Léon. "Le capital social comme un potentiel d'interaction coopérative : Le cas des relations intergénérationnelles familiales." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10040.
Full textFrom tools and approaches of different disciplines, we propose an economic study of individual social capital to reveal the economic and behavioral stakes of the introduction of the concept in economic models. We define it as an interactionnal cooperative potential, ie a set of resources which enables agents to access the resources of their partners. From an investigation of the description of the link, we show that it is a form of capital since it is subject to an accumulation, a production and a depreciation. It enables or facilitates interpersonal resources' transfers including reducing transaction costs which involved. We also show that it can be a transfer in mediatized relationship resource and particularly in the case of intergenerational relationships into families. Descendant transfers of parental social capital to child and the stock of initial social capital available to it at its birth, enables accumulate more social capital and unrelate to have some socioeconomic benefits. By transferring their own social capital, parents ensure the well being of their children and accumulate related debts, which they can mobilize at the end of their life to benefit from ascendant intergenerational "transfers of time". Our investigation must be understood as a tool to comprehend what happens in a relationship between two agents and the exchanges they allow. Applied to intergenerational relations, we are laying the ties and conceptualization of social capital as a tool to understand relations, transfers and heritage of the agent
Djimnadjingar, Ratangar. "Gouvernance et performance des PME familiales au Tchad." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12002/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the relationship between governance and performance of familySMEs in Chad. In the present state of knowledge, the use of agency theory and stewardship as well as recent attempts to take into account the particularities of African countries have limitations, particularly on the governance of family SMEs. Our thesis proposes developments that aim to integrate the specificities of small family and non family as well as informal Chadian SMEs. From an extensive literature review, we develop an operating model tested on a sample of 182 Chadian SMEs, (family, not family and informal ones). From this analysis, three main lessons emerge. First, the impact of governance on performance is significant for all three types of concerned SME. Second, a principal component analysis (PCA) is performed and identifies specific factors for the three mainvariables, governance, stewardship (altruism), and family characteristics. We performed several factorial regressions, and sorted out factors by degree of significance and importance. Our regressions show that the main SMEs strengths for performance are based on factors relationships and delegations, formalism of governance, internal relations, training and experience and professional conflicts. Third, the impact of the variable altruism on the performance variable is not significant on the global sample and presents complex features on sub-samples. We conclude by theoretical and managerial implications, as well as presenting limitations of this research and main lines of future researches
Comtois-Rousseau, Émilie. "L'impact de la politique familiale de 1997 sur le choix de localisation des ménages québécois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26849/26849.pdf.
Full textChávez, Torres Martha. "Sur les marges du Bajio (Mexique) : Trajectoires familiales et collectives dans la construction territoriale." Corte, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CORT1044.
Full textThis work presents an account of the survival mechanisms of a rural area and group, historically only poorly integrated into the economic dynamic of Mexico's Bajio region. This territory, which during the Colonial period was divided up among a few Spanish families, was the site of large agricultural production units called haciendas ; which provided work and residence for Indians, Mulattoes and Mestizos. By the mid-19th century, new families of peninsular origin arrived in the area, taking control of the religious, socio-cultural and economic life, with the unbending support the clergy. By 1980, in habitants of this region had begun to migrate to the United states. With the family members that stay behind, they combine abilities, objectives, values, a family name, a history, affective ties, and economic and social resources, the confluence of which makes it possible for a system of agricultural exploitation to exist in the midst of a global economy
Lutard, Catherine. "Essai d'interprétation de l'influence du changement social et économique sur l'organisation familiale depuis le début du vingtième siècle : un exemple monténégrin, Yougoslavie." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR21009.
Full textWe have seen that the mutations in the morphology of the domestic group correspond to the interaction of the family system with the pressures of the economic system of the socialist state. However, the alliance still represents the only social manifestation that permits biological reproduction, transmission of the patronymical name, perpetuation of agnatic kinship. We have shown that for the young montenegrin, there exists a passage from an imposed real (traditional) model of marriage to a model that is imposed latent (modern) and furthermore, he becomes the mediator of the father's authority in the matrimonial project of his sister. One must not forget that the respective distance between the social actors must be understood in the context of a male supremacy that organizes the social realm. The study of montenegrin family organization has enabled us to distinguish an effect of fusion among certain "traditional" and "non-traditional" elements. The study of the influence of social and economic change on the organization of the family has shown that the change does not lie in the questioning of beliefs but in their euphemization and the traditional montenegrin family organization continues to represent an instrument of transmission of values and norms
Miffre-Viton, Marie-Laure. "Mobilité et sédentarité : itinéraires familiaux et évolution sociale et économique,le cas d'Orcemont au dix-huitième siècle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS002S.
Full textOrcemont is a small village located in ' Ile de France '. Like many other villages in the region its population is composed mainly of mobile families about which we have little information. In order to address this deficiency, the following study tackles the analysis of the village population on an economic and social basis. This approach allows us to collect data about the heads of the household, as a whole while also collectiong more specific data on the transient 0rcemontois or 0rcemontois by adoption and especially which geographical area they come from, their rythm of migration, their ability to sign documents, their influence and integration in the village
Mainville, Lois. "Québec's Family Policy : an evaluation using regression discontinuity design." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29685/29685.pdf.
Full textChiasson, Maude, and Maude Chiasson. "La consommation des ménages au Québec : une analyse empirique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24336.
Full textÉtant donné que les dépenses de consommation comptent pour environ 60 % du PIB au Québec, il est primordial de comprendre comment les politiques économiques affectent la demande agrégée via les dépenses de consommation des ménages et aussi, comment les dépenses de consommation seront affectées selon l’environnement des consommateurs. En premier lieu, ce mémoire modélise la consommation avec une technique économétrique qui ne repose pas sur l’hypothèse d’une structure de préférence particulière. Dans un deuxième temps, ce mémoire estime un modèle d’agent économique rationnel optimisateur face au problème de l’allocation intertemporelle de sa consommation de biens durables et non durables quand les fluctuations des taux d’intérêt canadiennes varient. La période étudiée est de 1981 à 2011. Nos résultats correspondent à ce qui est généralement observé dans la littérature et nous ont permis de mettre en évidence le rôle joué par le revenu, le prix relatif des biens durables, la richesse financière, la valeur des maisons, la confiance des ménages et les fluctuations des taux d’intérêt pour expliquer les variations des dépenses de consommation des ménages québécois dans son ensemble, mais aussi selon certaines sous-catégories. Notre analyse nous a également permis de constater qu’en désagrégeant la consommation des ménages québécois, il est important de tenir compte des liens entre ses sous-catégories. La non-séparabilité au niveau des préférences entre les biens durables et non durables est importante et c’est pourquoi il est préférable d’en tenir compte dans la modélisation des différentes catégories de la consommation agrégée.
Due to the fact that the household consumption expenditure are valued for approximately 60% of Quebec's GDP, it is important to understand how economic politics affect the aggregate demand through consumers' expenses and also, how household consumption expenditures will vary according to the consumer's environment. Firstly, this paper reviews the consumption with an econometric technique of no particular structure. Secondly, this paper proposes and estimates a model of an optimizing agent who is faced with the problem of allocating intertemporally his consumption of non-durable and durable goods when confronted with a fluctuating rate of return. Expectations are assumed to be formed rationally. The study was conducted from 1981(01) to 2011(03). Our results are consistent with the findings of previous studies and the literature and allowed us to interpret how income, relative price of durable goods, financial wealth, housing market, index of consumer confidence, and interest fluctuations could explain the variation in consumption expenditures of households in Quebec as a whole, but also by some sub-categories. Our analysis also revealed that when household consumption is disaggregated, it is important to consider the relationship between those sub-categories. Non-separability in preferences between durables and non-durables is important and this is why the modeling of different types of aggregate consumption should be taken into consideration.
Due to the fact that the household consumption expenditure are valued for approximately 60% of Quebec's GDP, it is important to understand how economic politics affect the aggregate demand through consumers' expenses and also, how household consumption expenditures will vary according to the consumer's environment. Firstly, this paper reviews the consumption with an econometric technique of no particular structure. Secondly, this paper proposes and estimates a model of an optimizing agent who is faced with the problem of allocating intertemporally his consumption of non-durable and durable goods when confronted with a fluctuating rate of return. Expectations are assumed to be formed rationally. The study was conducted from 1981(01) to 2011(03). Our results are consistent with the findings of previous studies and the literature and allowed us to interpret how income, relative price of durable goods, financial wealth, housing market, index of consumer confidence, and interest fluctuations could explain the variation in consumption expenditures of households in Quebec as a whole, but also by some sub-categories. Our analysis also revealed that when household consumption is disaggregated, it is important to consider the relationship between those sub-categories. Non-separability in preferences between durables and non-durables is important and this is why the modeling of different types of aggregate consumption should be taken into consideration.
Ametepe, Kossi Fofo Senyo. "Transformations familiales et contribution économique des femmes : effets sur les rapports de genre dans les familles togolaises face à la crise." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100023.
Full textIn contrast of other sub-Saharan African societies, in Togolese society women activity are more valorised or sometimes demanded and women contribute highly in household expenditures. 'Me socio-economics crisis held in Togo sine the last decades, have questioning the men economic's capacity in the household. In the same time, women trought differents strategies as pluriactivity grew their economic autonomy and became in several households the main responsible of expenditures. Furthermore, marital patterns change and show that women have more autonomyto choice their husband. This context offers an opportinuity for women to have more power in décisions making or to participate in importants decisions in the household. This situation has analysed throught the complex gender relationships in the couples with family structure datasets and longiditunal data. One of the particularity of this research is the use of couple as statistic unit along the analysis. Matrimonial patterns affect few women's responsibilities in the couples. On the other hand, women's economic contribution are important to access for decision making in household. Active women and those who contribute more than husband, say they made more decisions. However, men don’t recognize that and then claimed all decisions. Generally, men, even the inactives, say they make decisions witch need money expenditures, and women the others decisions. The economic power is not the one key for women to have autonomy in decisions making and equalitity status in the couples
Moreno, Urdaneta Carmen Leonor. "La caféiculture andine vénézuélienne entre l'impact des tendances globales et la réaffirmation des processus locaux : étude de la communauté de Mesa Bolívar dans l'état de Mérida, Venezuela." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20126.
Full textHauswirth, Damien. "Évaluation agro-économique ex-ante de systèmes de culture en agriculture familiale : le cas de l'agriculture de conservation en zone tropicale humide de montagne (Nord Vietnam)." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure agronomique de montpellier - AGRO M, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944072.
Full textHauswirth, Damien. "Evaluation agro-économique ex-ante de systèmes de culture en agriculture familiale : le cas de l’agriculture de conservation en zone tropicale humide de montagne (Nord Vietnam)." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0040/document.
Full textThe global need for further agricultural intensification makes necessary to identify contexts and options for sustainable intensive land uses to develop. This question is crucial under contexts of smallholder farming and high pressure on natural resources, such as in Asian humid tropics. In this region conservation agriculture (CA) is considered a leeway towards sustainable intensification. Within this context, our work aimed at preliminary assess to which extent CA fits the needs and constraints of smallholder farmers in a mountainous region where the high level of pressure on natural resources adds-up to a high poverty rate.We implemented a diagnosis of sustainability gaps associated with the regional diversity of maize based agricultural systems on sloping land. We applied an original methodological approach combining diverse classification tools. We identified contrasted types of farming and cropping systems for management practices, performances and sustainability issues. The local diversity in maize cropping systems resulted from multi-scale interactions between territory-related factors, farm/farmer characteristics and field biophysical conditions. Territory-related factors were of prevailing importance over plot biophysical conditions and farm/farmer related characteristics to drive diversity of cropping systems.We subsequently investigated to which extent data collected at CA-demonstration sites can be used to assess performances of CA-based cropping system prototypes over a 2-year period. Within the context of our study, CA associated with sufficient fertilization levels did not depress yields the first year after conversion. The second year, CA significantly increased maize productivity and agronomic efficiency. Such improvement of agronomic performances was not sufficient to ensure better economic performances than conventional agriculture over two years, due to the increase in production costs associated with transition to CA.Main scientific perspectives from our work include (i) coupling CA-demonstrations with modeling to account in cropping system evaluation for processes driving their performances across variations in biophysical and economic conditions (ii) assessment of CA capacity to buffer variability in cropping system performances. Main implication for CA-based sustainable intensification in tropical humid highlands of Vietnam is the need to tailor technical proposals to the identified diversity of agricultural systems. To make conversion to CA worth for farmers within a period of two years, a major assumption is the requirement for cover plant valorisation, implementation of stepwise transition to CA, and/or tailoring incentives to support smallholder farmers in overcoming costs associated with conversion to CA
Cyr, Pascal. "Étude multi-cas du processus de démarrage des modèles novateurs d'entreprise agricole et de la relève hors cadre familial." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28749/28749.pdf.
Full textGrisel, Pierre-Nicolas. "La possibilité d'une transition agroécologique? : une analyse des déterminants économiques, écologiques et institutionnels de l'adoption de pratiques agricoles alternatives dans une communauté d'agriculteurs familiaux au Brésil." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01250525.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to explore the issue of changes in ways of production of family farmers communities facing economic and ecological crisis. To what extent are they able to carry out a transition to more sustainable ways of production? The thesis focuses on a rural region of Nova Friburgo (Brazil) with family farmers organized in communities. First of all, we identify the environmental, economic and institutional factors allowing family farmers to substitute agroecological practices to practices that emerged during the "green revolution" Based on a farming systems model, we then highlight the weakening of family structures since the 1970s, both in terms of economic performances and exploitation of ecosystem services. This context facilitateemergence of "environmental desservices" that had undermined the sustainability of these structures. In addition, the reintroduction of a full set of agroecological practices in the current family farming system does not appear as a viable economic alternative for farmers. Using scenarios, we however show that it is possible to identify the missing capabilities of producers that would enable them to initiate basic transformations. In addition, by focusing our analysis on the community level, we show the existence of endogenous forms of coordination – institutional arrangements – which could turn the current farming system toward an agroecology-based system
Ferreira, Laura Angelica. "Le rôle de l'élevage bovin dans la viabilité agro-écologique et socio-économique des systèmes de production agricoles familiaux en Amazonie brésilienne. Le cas d'Uruara (Para, Brésil)." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INAP0050.
Full textSakho-Jimbara, Maam Suwadu. "L'autonomie alimentaire par la diversification des activités : le cas des ménages agricoles du bassin arachidier au Sénégal." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10037.
Full textIn face of degrading environmental resources, the agricultural production in the groundnut basin of Senegal is unable to meet the food needs of the agricultural households. The food autonomy of agricultural households is investigated. It means the ability of these households to ensure their food needs through agricultural production or income diversification, under constraining agro-economic conditions. From a theoretical viewpoint, the analysis is based on household microeconomics behaviour in order to improve the understanding of the household resource allocation. From an empirical viewpoint, original data are used which were collected through fieldwork in two villages of the Groundnut Basin. Firstly, the analysis of the ability of the household heads to ensure food autonomy with regard to a whole set of exogenous variables which cause uncertainty of production, show that food autonomy greatly depends on diversification of activities, either locally, or through migration of family members to urban areas and abroad. Given the importance of local diversification and migration, we deal with the relationship between these two diversification forms. Evidence is found that migration is a substitute and not a complement to diversification of activities at local level. Finally, given the level of migrants' remittances, their impact on agricultural activities carried out together at agricultural household level is investigated through an intrahousehold analysis. Given the fact that agricultural activities are based on a system of rights and obligations, two levels of analyses are adopted: the head of the agricultural household and the dependents members. We found that the household head, being responsible for the part of the agricultural production obtained through common effort, adjusts the total area cultivated in collective production according to the migrants' remittances. Consequently, once this adjustment has been made, the dependents members' contributions to the family production obtained through common effort are not considerably affected by the level of the received remittances. Therefore, for a better understanding of the microeconomic behaviour of households, it is essential to take into account residents as well as migrants because of the contribution the latter make to the household budget through their remittances
Vaillant, Julia. "Imbricated dynamics in times of fragile growth : individuals, families and household businesses in Madagascar, 1995-2005." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090068.
Full textIn developing countries, the complex interdependence of households, individuals and businesses makes the measurement of welfare dynamics challenging, especially over a long period, because economic activities are predominantly embedded in households. The context we have chosen, Madagascar between 1995 and 2005, is particularly interesting because it corresponds to an unprecedented period of growth interrupted only by a recession in 2002 due to a political crisis. Using urban, rural, cross-sectional and panel data, the three essays presented attempt to shed light on various aspects of welfare dynamics over a long period in Madagascar, with a special focus on the imbrication of productive activities, households and individuals. The first essay studies informal sector dynamics in Antananarivo with a special attention on its heterogeneous nature. The second measures the extent of the gender performance gap among informal entrepreneurs and explores the existence of gender-differentiated effects of sharing norms and the allocation of tasks within the household on the technical efficiency of enterprises. Finally, the third essay is a methodological contribution on the relevance of tracking movers in panel data collection in rural areas. Studying microenterprises within their family and social environment is necessary to fully grasp the constraints on productive activities. More research is necessary on the behavior and economic rationality of urban households. The lack of panel data on informal businesses limits what can be said on their demography, especially over a long period. There is a pressing need for innovative data collection devices which follow these production units over time
Laflamme, Josée. "Femmes et aire domestique, un mode de vie : modèles, valeurs et comportements." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28446.
Full textReinstadler, Anne. "Analyse microéconomique du non-recours (non take-up) à certaines prestations sociales : application à l'Allocation Parentale d'Education (APE)." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN20015.
Full textThe non-take-up of social benefits can be defined as the fact that an individual does not receive the benefit he is eligible for. The scope of the Ph. D. Dissertation is to lighten the causes of this phenomenon, and to show how the behavior of the individual can be explained. Such a behavior can be explain through a cost/benefit analysis, that is to say that the individual decides not to take up the benefit after having compared the benefit he will receive with the costs related to the process of demand. These costs are attributed to the search for information, to the complexity of the process of demand, to the stigma that the recipient could feel. The analysis is applied to the “allocation parentale d'education”, a French benefit designed to parents with at least two children, and who do not work full time. This analysis allows us to lighten some other specific factors that can explain especially the non-take-up of this benefit, because ape presents an eligibility condition of behavior (to reduce time of work, in order to avoid being full time worker). This condition leads to define another type of non-take-up, related to this condition of behavior: the quasi non take-up that refers to parents who are not eligible for ape, but who would have been adopting the expected behavior if they had been aware of the different advantages related to the benefit. The empirical analysis (using a logic model) allows us to conclude that factors concerning the costs of information and complexity can really explain for some part the non-take-up and the quasi non take-up of ape, and outlines that this last phenomenon really results of a cost/benefit comparison that takes into account, inter alia, factors that are not of finality