Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Économie politique – 19e siècle'
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Garner, Guillaume. "La représentation de l'espace dans le discours économique allemand : 1740-1820." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070054.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to study how the transition between cameralism (the german form of mercantilism) and economic liberalism corresponds in Germany to the transition between a discourse which analyses the economic phenomenons from the political notion of territory and the liberal political economy which is founded on the "market space" concept and a reduction of the state's intervention. The analysis of the sources (i. E. Treatises of cameral sciences, of political economy, textbooks of statistics and geography) reveals a non-linear evolution. The cameralism emphasizes the notion of territory in its discourse, in order to analyse the economic processes and to set forth program aiming at the economic development of territories. In opposition to cameralism, the economic liberalism period of the 1790-1820's years sets the priority on the more abstract notion of "market space", which is the space formed by the action of market mechanisms. This market space can be analysed with the principles of Adam Smith which are universal and which abstract in consequence the political boundaries. However the liberal discourse is ambiguous because it shows between 1810 and 1820 a growing interest for the notion of territory, because of the political and economic situation of Europe during this period
Loureiro, Dias Camila. "L’Amazonie avant Pombal : politique, économie, territoire." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0087.
Full textThis thesis describes the internal indigenous slave trade in the American territories defined today as the Amazon, from the beginning of its development in the seventeenth century until its decline in the 1750s - during the government of the Portuguese minister Marquis of Pombal. The description of this slave trade from different angles allows us to emerge several aspects of the colonial's society and territorial construction in this region, yet little-known by historians
Arches, Pierre. "Les Deux-Sèvres (XVIIIe-XXe siècles) : société, économie, vie politique." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR2022.
Full textIn this doctoral thesis we have studied the evolution of a ‘département' in the West of France (Deux-Sèvres) over a period of more than two hundred years (XVIIIth – XIXth centuries). We have actually endeavoured to highlight various aspects which had not often been studied until now, thus making it possible to take a fresh look at some old issues. The main one concerns the 1789-1815 period in a region torn apart by the Vendean Rebellion. The demographic consequences are then studied in particular. How did the following generations react, both from a political and from an economical point of view? While we did not neglect the latter aspect we particularly analysed the former. It concerns organisations like the ‘Ligue des Droits de l'Homme' (Human Rights Defenders) as well as mayors like Ganne or historians like Roger Thabault or Louis Merle. With the opposition between Bocage and open country which was so strongly emphasized by André Siegfried, this study goes far beyond the limits of the ‘département', with Deux-Sèvres sitting astride two types of France
Zinkhofer, Sabina Maria. "Économie et nation : les deux visions de la pensée économique allemande, de F. List à nos jours." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0010.
Full textThe economic thought takes form, during the chosen period (from F. List, who elucidates the links between nation and economics, to present days) inside the specific political, economic and philosophical context of a nation not yet formed. The present thesis argues that in spite of roots in common, this thought can be divided into a dualist vision of economics and nation determinated by historical constraints, and a reconcilatory vision which progresses towards the loosening of these constraints and elaborating the desired order - one which seeks to equilibrate idea and reality, the spiritual and the material. Eventually, the different visions of man in history are responsable for the different concepts of economics and nation, the ways proposed to realise the desired society and the constitutional choices for its integration. This proposition will be backed up by the analysis of representative systems of economic thought : - first, the main philosophical aspects, to discern the ethical "stakes" of this thought : Kant, Fichte, Hegel, Nietzsche, the "neo - kantian and critical historical" philosophy, the School of Frankfurt, Habermas; - next, economic thought, from List to the period of national socialisme : Bismarck and conservative thought, list, Schmoller, Sombart, Weber (the historical school of "Nationalokonomie"), Marx and Bernstein, representing the two branches of socialist thought ; - finally, the theories of Eucken (the "ordo - liberalisme") and Glotz, representing contemporary social democratic thought. We shall examine the potential viability of the elaborated order models, especially by analysing the compatibility of the proposed concepts and the relation between the economic and political order. Their ethical foundations will be made clear to establish the link between the vision of man and that of economics and nation. The conclusion will regroup the analysis of the differents systems of economic thought into either a dualist or a reconciling vision
Veauvy, Christiane. "Échange et ordre politique en méditerranée occidentale aux XIXe et XXe s." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA084236.
Full textStanziani, Alessandro. "Discours et pratiques sociales de l'économie politique : économistes, bureaucrates et paysans à l'époque de la "grande transformation" en Russie, 1892-1930." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0031.
Full textThe dissertation is comprehensive of three main sections : the economic analysis; its use by the public administration; its consequences on the peasantry. Concerning the economic analysis i take into consideration the theories of the peasant economy, as well as the main categories of the economic discours: the individual, the market, the technique, the development. I also try to explain the social practises of the economic knowledge, i. E. Its use by the administration and by the agronomists working side by side with the peasants. In particular, i try to show how the specialists and the administrators try to impose their knowledge and their criteria of management on the peasantry
Bizière, Jean-Maurice. "Économie et dirigisme : la politique manufacturière du Danemark de 1730 à 1784." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040338.
Full textFrom 1735 to 1784, Denmark experienced a radical change of economic policy of which factories were both the pretext and at stake. No satisfactory explanation for this has been yet proposed. Based upon an approach separating facts and words, part I of this thesis offers an inventory, branch after branch, of the evolution of the industrial output during the above mentioned period. Part II is devoted to the demographic, social, economic, geographical environment in which industrial activities and governmental action took place. Part III contains a survey of the Danish economic thought, first taken according to its genesis then through the main themes it deals with. After an introduction to the structures and the mechanisms of the political institutions, part IV continues with an analysis of the possibilities to finance the industrial policy followed by an appraisal of investments both private and public. Part V is devoted to the decisions concerning employment, especially for the guilds, the poors and the foreigners. After a description of the internal and external processes which should have enabled the local output to take off, part VI focuses on the…
Montoussé, Marc. "Economie de marché et traitement de la question sociale : la pertinence de l'analyse de C. B. Dupont-White (1807-1878)." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21026.
Full textCharles Brook Dupont-White (1807-1878) is a French economist and philosopher who, in opposition to the majority of the economists of his time, is favourable to state's intervention. He considers that market economy without State -which he calls "free production economy" - is a regime which brings about progress and enrichment, but which is a factor of crises, incertitude and increase in misery for a part of the population. The target of this thesis is to lay the emphasis on the novel and precursory aspect of Dupont-White's work, in demonstrating that, as early as the beginning of the nineteenth century, this author had put forward the modern theory's basis of state's intervention to correct the effects of market economy's failings, and particularly to answer the social issue. At a time when the economists where opposed either to state's intervention or to market economy, Dupont-White recommends state's intervention into a market economy. He is the first to lay the basis of what was called, at the end of the nineteenth century, the state's socialism, doctrine which was later theorised by German historic school. Much before Wagner, he formulated the law of public activities' extension and we find in his work the functions of the State that were to be defined much later by Musgrave. Finally we will see that Dupont-White is not awarded the rank he should have deserved in the history of economic thought; he is a heterodox economist whose theses are close to those of social-democracy
Jarrige, François. "Au temps des "tueuses de bras" : les bris de machines et la genèse de la société industrielle (France, Angleterre, Belgique, 1780-1860)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010646.
Full textBenausse, Alain. "Le taux d'intérêt chez les jeunes saint-simoniens (1825-1832)." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/benausse_a.
Full textSkornicki, Arnault. "Les rationalisations politiques d’une "science nouvelle" : essai sur l’économie politique en France (1750-1776)." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100203.
Full textThe present work focuses on the formation of political economy in France, in a key moment of its historical development, from Gournay to Turgot and passing by the Physiocrats. Far from emerging as a specialised and autonomous subject field/area, this “new science” became one of the leading modalities of the political discourse during the 18th century Enlightenment, to the extent of claiming, along with the Physiocrats, the monopoly over political knowledge. Drawing on an extended corpus of printed texts and archive sources, this essay in the social history of ideas enquires into the political dimension of economics, slightly overlooked nowadays. Its argument emphasizes the idea that the French Enlightenment’s political economy is not a mere philosophy of liberty, founded by scholars seduced by the concepts of reason and humanity; nor is it an ideology that universalizes the interests of the ascending bourgeoisie, but rather it represents a state knowledge that constituted itself against the royal court society and the privilege system. The main actors/agents in this knowledge system are men of letters and administrators engaged in a complex relationship to politics. Their « liberalism » is not to be understood as hostility towards the State, but rather as a political technology that conceives liberty as a modality of social regulation and science as a means of reestablishing the monarchy’s legitimacy. The institution of the competitive market, freed of privileges, was considered a means to reshape the elites, and thus, to rationalize the political order. Following Turgot’s ascension to power, political economy, the queen of the sciences, became thus the science of the kings
Levan-Lemesle, Lucette. "L'enseignement de l'économie politique en France (1860-1939)." Paris 1, 1995. http://books.openedition.org/igpde/2584.
Full textIn france, teaching of political economy is divided in three periods. 1) a free treaching monopolizes liberal say's inheritence. Academie des sciences morales et politiques makes a choice among its graduates to form professors. 2) secund, faculties in law became dominante instance, and some special places, in paris, become sort of satellites. From 1896, professors are formed with a special exam. They reexamine without any conformism all liberal orthodoxy and just became real professionels. 3) but 1930 crisis spoils their prestige. Famous ingeneers ask for more mathematic economics and claim for expert's recognition
Hamman, Abdelhafid. "L'influence de la pénétrattion française sur la situation économique et politique du Maroc de 1830 à 1880." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20056.
Full textThe french protetorat imposed on morocco in 1912, seems to have been prepared by a very slow penetration in the 19th centry. Effectively, from that time, the french influence was varied and provoqued political and economical transformations of the country : this is particularly the subject of our study. The first part gives, on one hand, a panegeric on the morocan traditional system in the time between 1830-1844, still safe of any foreign influence. On the other hand, it makes a flach backe to the historical events of 1844 which have permitted to france to get its first place in morocco, which had to undergo this foreign influence to be transformed. The second part is supposed to demonstrate how the french penetration, omnipresent since 1844, provoked turbulence and upheaval to which the traditional structures of the country could no longer resist. On the economical level, the creation of navigatory means of transport and post services which changed the trad geography of the country. The artisan knew a kind of decline because of the concurence of the european industry and in the end the morocan currency which knew advaluation because of the penetration of the french franc. On the political level, the consulary protectorial regime paralyzed the exercise what is know as the makhzin authority, would it be judiciary or administrative. To this should be atted the fact. That, administration and military services were also transfomed. The 3rd part has as purpose the englobing of the french aims through these transformations. Therefore, the aim was in the last ressort to modify profondly the morocan social institutions. Effectively, important upheaval took place in the mentality, habitudes and social behaviour of the population
Fraisse, Anne-Sophie. "La théorie libérale des salaires au miroir de ses instruments : contribution à l'histoire de la liaison salaire-productivité du travail dans le champ de l'économie politique libérale française du XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010022.
Full textBenbijja, Khalid. "La vie économique et politique des Juifs au Maroc de la fin du 18e siècle à l'instauration du protectorat français 1912." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA083664.
Full textThe economical life of the Jews in Morocco is distinguished according to two different sectors. On the one hand, the rural world living from agriculture and breeding on the other hand, the urban world, relatively developed, living from craft industry (for example jewellery and shoemaking…) and from commerce. The manor Jewish community: The "Tujjars as sultan", diplomats or negotiators is depended on the state. The sultans and makhzen had found their interests thanks to those sales men, offering them many advantages. The Jews had an essential role in the economy of the country during the eighteen and the nineteenth centuries. The Jewish community knew how to resist the status of dhimmis and the political instability by respecting the inter-communities relations, while preserving its own traditions and culture. The extension of the occidental protection on a great number of Jews with different social back ground has many consequences on the political stability of the country and on the economical decay at the end of the 19th century
Charles, Loïc. "La liberté du commerce des grains et l'économie politique française (1750-1770)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010063.
Full textKaya, Alp Yücel. "Politique de l'enregistrement de la richesse économique : les enquêtes fiscales et agricoles de l'empire ottoman et de la France au milieu du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0119.
Full textDevelopment of administrative practices that permit to register economic wealth is universal in the 19th century states. In order to grasp politics of registering economic weamth in the 19th century, a comparative study between the surveyxs of the Ottoman Empire and those of France is followed. It is based on fiscal surveys of 1840 and 1845 in the Ottoman case and on the agricultural surveys of 1836 and 1852 in the French case. The comparison of them permits to conceive convergences of administrative pratices, universal administrative and social tensions that emerge in the 19th century. Nonetheless, practices of registering economic wealth differ form one state to another. How different groups welcome it and how central administrations intervene to conciliate divergent interests determine original characteristics of the administrative organization of the registering the wealth of each country
Araujo, Ubiratan Castro de. "Le politique et l'économique dans une société esclavagiste : Bahia, 1820 à 1889." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040194.
Full textTwo strictly political circumstances that explain two realities of the sugar economy in the Brazilian province of Bahia have not yet been deeply analyzed : on the one hand, the sudden burst of the sugar during the years 1820-1855, despite the stubbornness of the sugar planters in maintaining old exploitation structures using servile manpower and little progress in cultivation methods of the sugar cane or in the production of sugar and, on the other, the region’s economics collapse from the end of the 50's on. Thus, after the expulsion of the Portuguese tradesmen in 1823 the political alliances between the sugar planters of the Reconcavo and the tradesmen of Salvador, descendants from the same social group although politically and economically controlled them, succeeded in overcoming the slave rebellions and the apathy of the progressive forces of the lower classes of the bahianese population. The period of the Brazilian independence and that of the slavery abolition are interesting to study the politics and the economy of Bahia in the nineteenth-century
POLETTI, MATHIEU. "Formation économique, sociale et politique d'une banlieue : Colombes, 1830-1930." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100053.
Full textDémier, Francis. "Nation, marché et développement dans la France de la Restauration." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100117.
Full textMelki, Mickaël. "Les interactions directes et indirectes entre idéologie et croissance économique : Cinq essais appliqués au cas français,1870-2011." Paris 1, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767439.
Full textCandier, Aurore. "Réforme et continuité en péninsule indochinoise : la Birmanie de 1819 à 1878." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0037.
Full textAfter two wars, in 1824 and 1852, the East India Company seized more than half of the Burmese Konbaung kings' territory. In this study, I examine the interaction between the Burmese and British political cultures and the impact of that interaction on the Burmese conception and practice of reform from 1819 to 1878. Part one is an overview of the contemporaneous Burmese political theory and system on the eve of the period under study. I also analyse the correlation between the horizon of expectations of the Burmese political elites and their conception of a “cyclical” reform, connected to the notion of the regenerative function of the Buddhist kingship. Cyclical reforms were differentiated from “conjunctural” reforms meant to strengthen political institutions. Part two is a comparative study of the cyclical reforms implemented by the kings of the Middle Konbaung period (1819-1866). I then study how the British residents influenced both the conjunctural reform process and the Burmese political theory. Part three explores the changes within the Burmese normative discourse and conception of politics during the Middle Konbaung period. I then present two aspects of the conjunctural reform process : political economy and revenue reform. Part four investigates the change in dynamics after the major political turn of 1866, marked by the assassination of the heir-apparent. Thereafter, King Mindon (1852-1878) himself took the initiative of all reforms until the pressure of British imperialism put an end to his attempts. Finally, I consider the transformation of the normative discourse and the emergence of a “modern” Burmese representation of reform in the 1870s
L'Aoufir, Rachid. "Des discours économiques des journaux aux processus d'industrialisation en Prusse (1815-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0042.
Full textBarreyre, Nicolas. "Sectionalisme et politique aux Etats-Unis : le Midwest et la Reconstruction, 1865-1877." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0040.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the spatialization of politics in post-Civil War United States. As the South returned to the Union, opposition arose between the Midwest and the Northeast on the new economic challenges the country faced. The object of the thesis is thus two-fold: to understand how precisely some political themes became regional-or sectional; and to analyze the impact of sectionalism on Reconstruction. The first part deconstructs the precise workings of sectionalism. This phenomenon was only activated on certain themes, mostly economic: the public debt, paper-money, the tariff. In those cases, sections appeared as powerful ideological categories, undercutting parties in shaping the political landscape. The second part of the thesis offers a new interpretation of Reconstruction incorporating this new perspective. The internaI division of the North on economic issues had a great impact on its ability to reform the South. By pushing the Republican Party to the verge of implosion, sectionalism weakened its policy of Reconstruction to its eventual failure. From those interactions between parties and sections, a new political landscape emerged that dominated the United States until the end of the 19th century
Lorcin, Jean. "Économie et comportements sociaux et politiques : la région de Saint-Étienne : de la Grande dépression à la seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010690.
Full textTorres, Bautista Mariano E. "Projet économique régional et pouvoir national : les tribulations de l'industrialisation de Puebla : 1830-1867." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010591.
Full textThis paper makes the point into the general problems of the "take off" in the Puebla region during the first half of the XIXth century. Two phenomena must be taken in account since the late XVIIIth. Century : at first the political and cultural ties between the new Spain and the personalities and institutions of the "lumieres" period. Second the results as stimulants as regrettables of the economic growth in the new Spain in comparison with the empire's failure. When the independence finished many economical industrialization projects came ahead in puebla since 1822. At the same time that a new nation was borning the modern economy was the main item to try to eliminate all discussions in politics. This special attemt to the "take off" will be taken by the entrepreneurs aside of politics taking advantage of the "anarchy period" to grow up. Anfres Torres means a particular case which representated the new type of entrepreneur who disposed of material sources to invert in the so called "new industries" as a response of the critical situation of his time
Khoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Full textThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Noailles, Mikaël. "La construction d'une économie touristique sur la Côte Aquitaine des années 1820 aux années 1980 : politiques d'aménagement, pratiques sociales et développement local." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30047.
Full textThis study of modern tourism covers a long time – from its birth to its peak. It investigates the very roots of today’s tourism in Aquitaine, through tourism-related regional development, which has been its irretrievable indication from the beginning, but it also examines the social, political and economic environment. It is essential to study how democratization and massification have brought tourism from the fringe to the heart of the region’s political and socioeconomic system. In fact, the period from the1820’s to the 1980’s corresponds to a phase of construction, organization and change for that activity. Tourism tends to become an organized, increasingly prestigious socioeconomic sector. The emerging and developing tourism system generates an economy in the first sense of the word: the art of running and managing an activity. The effects of that long period of deep change were the organization of the tourism sector with a network of varied actors, as well as modifications in the tourists’ practices. Tourism, once a complementary activity, becomes an autonomous economic sector, which contributes to local development – a proof of its assertion and legitimating process. This paper also studies the evolution in the identity of the côte des Landes de Gascogne, then of the côte d’Argent, and eventually of the Côte Aquitaine – three terms naming the same place, but tallying with three distinct identity periods which make up the originality of the littoral. Indeed, regional identity, social practices, regional planning politics and wills for local development, have interacted on that coast with more or less power, impelled by more or less powerful and organized actors
Yahia, Hassan. "Les relations administratives et économiques entre l'Empire ottoman et ses provinces syriennes (Bilad Ash Sham) de 1804 à 1864." Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20025.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to review the evolution of the administrative and economic relations between the Ottoman Empire and its Syrian provinces during the period under study. Here are traced the administrative and economic relations with respect to the ottoman empire, in general, and with respect to the Syrian provinces, in particular. We undertook, therefore, the study of factors that exercised negative and positive influences from the external and internal points of view. The subject of administrative relations led us, naturally, to study the governmental and administrative machinery, and the reforms introduced therein. In more precise terms, we have studied the juridical, the militarily and the cultural machineries, as well as the relations with the non-Moslem communities and the privileges granted to foreign states. The subject of economic relations deals with the agricultural and land systems; taxes and their collection; the professions related to financial machinery, crafts and industry and relations in the world of commerce and communication. The era of Ottoman Empire was characterised by superficial and decentralised administrative relations. These relations grew complex and centralised as from the Egyptian era (18311840). As for economic relations, they were dealt in all their aspects. In fact, the middle-east region enjoyed a relatively easy life and served the role of a vital road between the east and the west. How can, then, be explained its failure and setback in the economic sphere before and even after the first world war with the consequence that it is now considered among the developing countries ? The explanation is found in the conservatism and the inertia of the economic and administrative system of the empire, in the indifferent attitude of the Syrian population and in the interference of the European countries in the internal affairs of the Empire
Marin, Séverine-Antigone. "L’apprentissage de la mondialisation : les milieux économiques allemands face à la réussite américaine (1876-1914)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040209.
Full textThis work aims at understanding how the German learned to deal with the globalization at the end of the XIXth Century. The German industrialists sought to take advantage of the new opportunities provided by foreign markets and facilitated by the new economic information overflow. For their part, experts and economists tried to explain the mecanisms of a world where industrial revolution was ever more widespread. They wanted to define where Germany should stand and what role it should play in this new environment where comparative advantages are always short-lived. These efforts, made by German economic circles, are analysed in the context of growing rivalry with the United States – whose development in the industry as well as in the agriculture made for an utmost interesting example for the Germans
Lamaison, Denis. "Prospérité et barbarie : système économique et violence dans deux colonies françaises au XIXe siècle (la Guyane et l'île de La Réunion)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0141.
Full textThis thesis is a critical study of the notion of prosperity in two French colonies in the XlXth century (French Guiana and Reunion island) with regard to the living conditions of the workforce (slaves, emancipated slaves, indentured servants, convicts). This work questions the fact that planters continually demanded new workers although they never tried to maintain these men and women healthy. We compare the elite speeches about prosperity with the violence experienced by the workforce (physical violence, lack of food and care, etc. ). We will also see how the colonists justified the preservation of an economic system while recognizing its failure. This study also questions the reality of these colonies development and the relevance of this eurocentric concept. Finally, we will focus on history writing which began in the XlXth century and forgot the slavery and colonization victims in elaborating a colonial prosperity myth
Poinsot, Philippe. "La relecture de l'oeuvre de Jules Dupuit à l'aune de la notion de bien-être et utilité publique : intérêt général, bien-être et utilité publique." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010059.
Full textGnokane, Adama. "La politique française sur la rive droite du Sénégal : Le pays maure 1817-1903." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010569.
Full textLarrère, Catherine. "L'invention de l'économie au dix-huitième siècle : entre les doux principes du commerce et les théories de la représentation." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010546.
Full textBitterling, David. "Lectures françaises de l'espace absolu." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070008.
Full textThe present thesis shows how in 17th century France economical and financial problems are faced with solutions largely inspired by the Renaissance "spatial turn". It iIIustrate the self-conception of France as if the country was a great enclosure, aiming at external economic autarky and internal perfection in cultivating space. Analysing the management of space and its political and economical justification, the thesis proves that the theoretical concept of space that is there behind is an absolute one
Pitavy-Simoni, Pascale. "Aux origines du laissez faire : les libéralismes économiques en France au dix-huitième siècle." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010068.
Full textThis thesis sets out to relate french origins of laissez faire in order to show the emergence of a number of different types of economic liberalism in France in the eighteenth century, that is to say different from physiocratic or smithian thought. This interpretation of liberal discourses' plurality is developped through a double research main line : on the one hand, a wealth's analysis ; new theoritical conceptualizations of wealth -land or labor- represent a fondamental step around four items : money, corn trade, luxury and tax system. On the other hand, it is explained that economic freedom is claimed, in France in the eighteenth century, against practical and principles of colbertism. In others words, this thesis shows firstly that economic liberalism emerges in france in the eighteenth century, secondly that it emerges from this new theoritical conceptualizations of wealth and against Colbertism's interventionist hegemony, and finally that different types of economic liberalism consequently exist. Three strands of economic liberalism are distinguished : the monetary liberalism of melon and dutot ; the property rights liberalism of the physiocrats ; and the egalitarian liberalism of gournay and graslin. Through this plurality of liberal thought, the thesis sets also out to think about what is traditionally attributed to economic liberalism -individualism, noninterventionism, free trade
Carnino, Cecilia. "Dal lusso al consumo." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010602.
Full textLatournald, André Gilles. "L'action économique de l'État dans la Richesse des nations : analyse de la nature et du rôle de l'État dans l'oeuvre de Smith." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010071.
Full textAudegean, Philippe. "Philosophie réformatrice : Cesare Beccaria et la critique des savoirs de son temps : droit, rhétorique, économie." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010628.
Full textPylia, Martha. "Les notables moréotes, fin du XVIIIe début du XIXe siècle : fonctions et comportements." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010665.
Full textBeauvois, Frédérique. "Indemniser les planteurs pour abolir l'esclavage ? : entre économie, éthique et politique : une étude des débats parlementaires britanniques et français (1788-1848) dans une perspective comparée." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D7982%26nu%3D12%26selfsize%3D1.
Full textThe global study of the question of compensation granted to the slave-owners after the abolitions of slavery in the New World (1777-1888) is the ambition of this research, through the study of the aims of this measure, of its stakes and of its cost for the abolitionist States. This subject had never been analysed despite its frequency in the abolitionist processes. The originality of my scientific approach resides in the adoption of a comparative perspective and the selection of parliamentary debates as basis of the research. The British and the French processes of compensation have been isolated as the most representative of the whole panel of American abolitions of slavery. These two specific examples have been treated through primary sources, the others by existing secondary litterature. These primary sources are the debates of the British Chamber of the Commons and the French Chambre des députés, from 1788 to 1848. This research shows that the question of compensation constitutes a fondamental aspect of an abolition, despite the fact that it has been neglegted by the historians. Moreover, this research shows that the object of compensations granted after the abolitions of slavery participates in the concept of moral economy. Indeed this research broadens the angles generally presented by the specialists of the abolitions. If the problematic of compensation can be explained by juridical and economical elements, social and political factors must either be analysed to understand the complex problematic of an abolition
Carrara, Lydie. "Au coeur de l'échange : les foires et les marchés, entre logiques économiques, enjeux politiques et pratiques sociales (Rhône - XIXème siècle)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH210.
Full textThe complementarity of approaches affirmed that the fairs and the markets places are an important issue in the development of the economy, politics and societies in the Rhône in the 19th century. First, a geo-economic approach allows us to understand their integration into the trading system that is being set up. Although temporary, they are nonetheless regular and contribute to the shaping of the space through the economic exchanges and circuits. They are an important step in creating new trade points at a local level. Throughout the century, fairs and markets places are essential in the supply of both food and manufactured goods for rural people. In addition, the inflation of all the duties, the attractiveness of auctions for local populations, as well as all the investments, are further evidence of the economic preponderance of fairs and markets places at a local level. This approach also allows us to analyze how the patterns of fairs and markets places change throughout the century. A thoughtful localization and a precise calendar underline that our economic system meet the economic criteria. The nineteenth century is characterized by a growing polarization of trade, which diverts the flow of the goods from the rural market places, making them compete with the cities. Secondly, a political approach emphasizes that they crystallize important political issues. They are privileged places of state interventionism, and there are opportunities to implement supervision policy measures and a top-down management: the central government wants to keep an eye over the trade in the country. This accentuates the principle of a paternalistic attitude. Nevertheless, throughout the nineteenth century, the government develops and strengthens this mission at a national level. Furthermore, fairs and markets places are also an occasion for people to express expectations regarding those in authority. The new political status of the citizens strengthens their legitimacy to express these expectations. This testifies to the emergence of a modern state and of a relationship between governors and governed. This paved the way for a sociological and an anthropological approach, allowing us to study the crowd becoming animated. We envisioned our fairs and markets places as meeting points for people and as opportunities for greater openness. Alongside other forms of rural sociability such as agricultural societies or trade unions, they are places of socialization and acculturation. In order to achieve this, we wanted to enter, penetrate and explore the market places: conflicts, crimes, violence. Because the whole village "fait la foire", because the fairground is also in the cabarets and in the streets, the grid that we suggest for understanding the fairs and the markets places is based on the notion of “social fairground”. Much more than a new approach, this “social fairground”, this spectacle of everyday life have probably been crucial in the persistence of our fairs and markets places over the century
Haghe, Jean-Paul. "Les eaux courantes et l'Etat en France (1789-1919) : du contrôle institutionnel à la fétichisation marchande." Paris, EHESS, 1998. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01093647.
Full textVernier, Olivier. "L'assistance privée dans les Alpes-Maritimes au XIXe siècle 1814-1914 : bienfaisance et entraide sociale." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE0014.
Full textPerrin, Florence. "La constitution de l'intérêt général, entre droits et intérêts particuliers, dans le libéralisme politique (XVIIIème - XIXème siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0106.
Full textIt has become all too common to sigh over the loss of a political ideal, aimed at the pursuit of the general interest and unifying enough to mobilise the members of a political and social community. Among the factors often deemed responsible for the crumbling of the political link and the waning of civic duties is liberal philosophy, the individualistic dimension of which would supposedly have made the sacrifice of individual interests in the name of the general interest utterly impossible. We intend to show in this study that, by setting out its definition of the common good, liberalism has brought in indecisiveness, which makes it difficult for people to refer to. Indeed as liberalism is understood as the means to further individual interests -since each and everyone has a right to achieve their own ends-liberalism can mean the achieving of these very ends as weIl as the protection of rights. If today this twofold point dissolves itself into the options one has between political liberalism and economic liberalism, we will see that it has already given ri se to a tension among the founders of liberalism, who hesitate between the establishment of laws setting the limits of legitimate interests on the one hand and the upholding of interests from which the legal system stems from on the other. The ambiguity between what lies in the general interest, the safeguard of rights, and the pursuit of the general interest based on the composition of individual interests thus compels us to define more precisely the nature of citizens' taking part in politics, especially in a democracy
Silvant, Claire. "L’école libérale française et l’intervention publique dans la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100189.
Full textThe object of this dissertation is to analyze the conceptions of public intervention in the French liberal School in the second half of the 19th century. The first chapter is devoted to the exposition of three different views of these economists on State. We elaborate a typology relying on their analyses of the legitimate State attributes; this typology distinguishes an “orthodoxy” considering the only provision of security and justice, a “regulatory” liberalism, and a more “interventionist” liberalism. We question this typology, wondering if it remains relevant when our liberal economists discuss the practical questions of their time.Thus the second chapter of our study presents to the liberal analyses of taxation. We highlight the richness of the French thought on this topic. We particularly put forward the formalized contributions of three of them: Cournot, Dupuit and Fauveau. In the third chapter we study the positions of our economists on the question of the issuing of banknotes, on credit, and on the metallic standard. We show that their theoretical divergences are well explained by their preference for a rule or for a discretionary public intervention.Our last chapter investigates the question of property rights. By examining their ideas on inheritance and on intellectual property, we emphasize the opposition inside this School between the advocates of a regulatory State and the defenders of the State as a protector of natural rights. Finally the boundary between the liberal “orthodoxy” and the liberal “heterodoxy” is less steady than what we could think
Perron, Fabrice. "L'économie du département de la Marne sous le Directoire, crise ou mutations? : l'exemple des cantons des anciens districts de Reims, Châlons et Epernay." Reims, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REIML001.
Full textThe object of this work consists of discussing the founding of the use of the term “crisis” in assessing the economic situation of a micro-region – namely, the ancient districts of Reims, Châlons, and Epernay. It focuses on a research question of studying ways of improving economic activity. It starts by questioning the demographic reality of this period and, with a social contrast approach, distinguishes problematic actors and elites likely to count on gaining advantage during this period. We insist, then, on two axes: on one hand, the factors of improving economic activity without ignoring potential obstacles, and on the other hand, the combination of indicators of recovery and signs of change. Several positive indicators for improvement can be distinguished, including intentions and achievements. Not forgotten are the persistence of difficulties for certain categories of the population. It appears, however, that the Directory, in spite of the difficulties that are generally attributed to it, opens the way in this micro-region to a progress-driven economic situation under the Consulate at the beginning of the Empire
Saliby-Yehia, Hoda. "Pouvoir étatique et dynamique de développement : l'expérience de deux États successeurs de l'Empire Ottoman, la Syrie (1876-1963) et le Liban (1876-1964)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010562.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to analyse the role of the state in development. Development is here defined as a set of dynamics proper to each society, resulting from the interplay of many factors, among these factors we have examened six variables in their relationship to sate action. They are : territory, population, constitutional life, public finance, the education system and the role of the state in the economy. The interplay of these variables has been studied over a relatively long period. Lebanon, 1876-1964 and Syria, 1876-1963, have witnessed three types of state-power : Ottoman rule, the French mandate and the modern independant state. The Lebanese and yrian development experiences rely upon differents patterns, leading to divergent options. Guided by the assumption that the history of a society enrichies our analysis and comprehension of its economic organisation, our multi-disciplinary aproach has led us to pose the ititial question in a different manner : could state-power, rather than being regarded as a primary actor in development, be considered merely as one of its variables ?
Gerbracht, Julius. "Studierte Staatswirte im Südwesten. Wissen und Verwalten im ausgehenden Ancien Régime." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0037.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the link between economic knowledge and administrative practices in the territories of southwest Germany at the end of the Ancien Régime among the first students of economic courses, the graduate cameralists. Administrative actors have determined the destination of the institutions of scientific cameralism education to create a new type of graduate, whose economic knowledge should be used in territorial administration. The analysis focused, on the one hand, on how graduated cameralists were legitimized and how their position was negotiated and, on the other hand, on how they conducted their economic practices in relation to these theories
Mouret, Isabelle. "Besançon dans la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle : étude sociale." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA1016.
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