Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Économie politique – Étude et enseignement (Primaire)'
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Levan-Lemesle, Lucette. "L'enseignement de l'économie politique en France (1860-1939)." Paris 1, 1995. http://books.openedition.org/igpde/2584.
Full textIn france, teaching of political economy is divided in three periods. 1) a free treaching monopolizes liberal say's inheritence. Academie des sciences morales et politiques makes a choice among its graduates to form professors. 2) secund, faculties in law became dominante instance, and some special places, in paris, become sort of satellites. From 1896, professors are formed with a special exam. They reexamine without any conformism all liberal orthodoxy and just became real professionels. 3) but 1930 crisis spoils their prestige. Famous ingeneers ask for more mathematic economics and claim for expert's recognition
Ramondetti, Marie-José. "Etude d'un geste professionnel : l'enseignement de la méthode de la dissertation en sciences économiques et sociales." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10051.
Full textMadi, Lahcen. "La politique éducative au Maroc et en Tunisie : étude comparée des objectifs de l'enseignement primaire (1956-1984)." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H059.
Full textBenchaïd, Salima. "Évolution des pratiques de l'enseignement des langues : le cas du primaire algérien." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030135.
Full textThe linguistic situation in Algeria is a reflection of the ceaseless fracturing of this society. The languages in use, be they literary Arabic, dialect Arabic, French or Berber, and whose joint use originates in the history of the Maghreb itself, is a reflection of a multilingualism of a living and special kind. In this context, the teaching of mother-tongue and second languages, not to mention foreign languages, forms part of a complex situation. The aim of this study is to raise a series of questions, by interrelating two types of issues. The first relates to the building by the Algerian school student of his or her identity within a multilingual environment. The second is the building of knowledge through the learning/apprenticeship of taught languages in primary education. The interrelatedness of these issues requires the study of the development of the teaching practice of these languages from a diachronic perspective, which not only places them in confrontation but side by side, involving the methods of teaching of the national language (literary Arabic) with the first foreign language (French). The hypothesis is made that the teaching practices approaches for the two languages remain identical, in spite of the difference in their relationship to society. A type of teaching is thus proposed by this study. This involves the didactic methods of a second language rather than mother-tongue for literary Arabic on the one hand and on the other hand an approach closer to contemporary didactic eclecticism in regard to French language teaching
Dollo, Christine. "Quels déterminants pour l'évolution des savoirs scolaires en SES ? : l'exemple du chômage." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX10113.
Full textAudigier, François. "Les representations que les eleves ont de l'histoire et de la geographie. A la recherche des modeles disciplinaires, entre leur definition par l'institution et leur appropriation par les eleves." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070086.
Full textHistory and geography have been instituted among secondary school-subjects in order to transmit shared representations about the world and its history, france in particular. French nation finds a source of its unity in them. This "republican model" is nowadays questionned under the pressure of various factors : the constant growth of speeches and texts about the world and its history, the broadening of curiosity and interest, the diversification of our societies, the world-wide spread of information. . . This present analysis deals with: - the functionning conditions of history and geography at secondary school level, relying upon the concepts of school culture and school subject. A disciplinary model could be built interweawing the final objectives, contents and methodology. - the most important official recommendations from the end of last century on, in order to test and foster the above mentionned model, and highlight both continuation and changes. The historical continuation as well as the inventory of the globe are the organnizing principles still, but the mentionned factors cause faltering in it. - the pupils representations about these school subjects. This study relies upon an inquiry i. E. Both a questionnary and talks with french students. In between the memorised contents and their present "job's" constraints, the students look upon school norms with respect, express split up competences and the difficulty they ave giving sense to school history and geography beyond a few conventionnal formulae
Ndiaye, Daouda. "L'enseignement des langues nationales à l'école primaire : le cas du wolof au Sénégal." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/143342959#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe basis of our thesis is the research in Senegal of effective strategies to establish a bilingual system (French, national languages) in primary schools. The lessons of experimentation, classes on television (French, Wolof), and the difficulties in implementing the blueprint on the testing of the national languages in 2002 led to the conclusion that the promotion of a national language is contradictory with social and educational practices in Senegal. The major interest of our work is to broaden the scope of research on the study of these paradoxes. Indeed, doctorial theses and articles devoted to them are essentially the work of linguists. But linguistics, as the scientific study of human language, in the Saussurienne sense, can not exhaust the subject matter. Moreover, it retains all of its importance in the educational aspects for teaching the national languages. However, language, as a social phenomenon, allows one to grasp the difficulties of establishing educational bilingual French- national languages in Senegal. In 2008, as the testing of bilingual classes were coming to an end, many contributors were dealing with the issue of teaching the national languages from a polemic, rather than a scientific perspective. However, they, the contributors, would benefit from using a conceptual apparatus based on the analysis of institutional and educational failures, which caused the failure of the experiment of national languages. The challenges of universal enrolment in primary school and the guaranty of 50% literacy rate by 2015 is heavily correlated on this multidisciplinary approach to language policy that we propose in the dynamics of education throughout life
Peix, Vallot Rita. "Bi/plurilinguisme avec le catalan à l’école primaire de la Catalogne du Nord." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1114.
Full textThis research focuses on the issues and the challenges of teaching Catalan in North Catalonia. In the first part, the study provides an account of the situation, based on historical data and official regulations regarding equal time teaching in French and Catalan and Catalan immersion. Secondly and considering the panoramic view sketched, the adopted ethnographic field work options are presented. In the second part of the study, questionnaires to parents and interviews with students and teachers are analysed in order to understand actor’s motivations and representations about bilingual education. This survey is accompanied by classroom observations to examine, in practices, language integrated learning (French as L1, Catalan as L2, and foreign language) and the integrated treatment of languages and other educational content. Finally, the academic bilingual pupil scores are compared with those of unilingual pupils. The data analysis and the research global findings, considered in the light of the Council of Europe approaches, allow establishing proposals for an evolution of French-Catalan bilingual teaching towards an inclusive plurilingual teaching
Puren, Laurent. "L'école française face à l'enfant alloglotte : contribution à une étude des politiques linguistiques éducatives mises en oeuvre à l'égard des minorités linguistiques scolarisées dans le système éducatif français du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030077.
Full textThis research in language didactics deals with the evolution of educational language policies which have been implemented since the 19th century in French public primary schools towards regional and immigrant language speaking pupils belonging to linguistic minorities. We mean to examine closely, from a comparative viewpoint, how three different school populations have been frenchified : the Bretons in the 19th century, the inhabitants of german speaking Alsace and Lorraine regions in the 19th century and during the interwar years, as well as the immigrant communities from the early 20th century until nowadays. Our research is at the junction of several fields in social sciences, including history, education sciences, language didactics, sociolinguistics, interethnic relations sociology, and politics. Through this academic work we wish to bring a contribution to : - a history of regional and immigrant language teaching in French primary schools ; - a history of French as a second language teaching in metropolitan France ; - a reflection on the importance that should be given to cultural differences in public space ; - a reflection on the incidence of political and ideological factors on educational language policies implemented towards minorities
Bozec, Géraldine. "Les héritiers de la République : éduquer à la citoyenneté à l'école dans la France d'aujourd'hui." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0059.
Full textThis PhD dissertation deals with civic socialisation in primary schools in today’s France; this research issue is still little explored regarding contemporary education. The current situation is analysed in reference to what republican education was under the Third Republic. Debates, policies and textbooks from the late 1970s to 2006, as well as teachers’ representations and practices are investigated. Firstly, the research shows that the formation and reinforcement of a national ‘us’ is still today a central orientation of primary education, at the levels of education policies and of teaching practices as well, despite the divergences that do exist between teachers about the issue. Secondly, it emphasizes the difficulty in conceiving the French nation in terms of cultural, regional and religious plurality, as well as the force and ambivalences of the norm of equality in the school space and its prevalence over the consideration of the individual. Thirdly, the research shows that citizenship education remains put apart from politics and promotes an individual citizenship, which is limited in terms of power; it also stresses the ambiguities of the recent development of the idea of pupils’ participation in school collective life. Contemporary citizenship education lost the militant purpose of the founding period. It is largely oriented towards the transmission of a national political legacy, which hardly nourishes positive perspectives for the present time and the future
Dancel, Brigitte. "L'histoire de l'enseignement de l'histoire à l'école publique de la IIIe République : le ministre, le maître et l'élève dans les écoles primaires élémentaires de la Somme,1880-1926." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H038.
Full textThis research aims at giving an historical account of a content matter beyond the prescriptive discourse of ministers of education, educationists and the inspectorate. Primary teachers' professional freedom in the definition of their individual practice is viewed throughout history, threading its way between distant governmental guidelines, closer advice from inspectors and the reality of the classroom. Observation is finally focused on the pupils whose acquisitions and skills are made obvious through the analysis of their output. Within the body of 4058 "certificat d'etudes" * exam papers of the 1918-1926 period in the Somme region, a sample of 951 answers is processed in the research (concerned with the French revolution, republican institutions and W. W. I). This long track, followed by all the governmental prescriptions, implies discrepancies between their stated aims and the historical academic culture actually acquired by the successful primary pupils during the 3rd French republic which eventually fulfills the school system and society at large. * French primary school final test until the early 1970's
Villalba, Wolfgang. "Analyse de l'importance de l'enseignement artistique en milieu scolaire dans le cadre de la formation du citoyen." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070057.
Full textTo analyse the importance of artistic teaching at school in the framework of cmc education, we developed our reflection along three major lines : -citizenship: its characteristics, its implications and the evolution of its conception throughout the ages. -school : considered as a space where young peuple systematically develop their potential and cet the basic tools for their social integration. -art : seen as a privileged area of our study where we explored the educational possibilites of artistic training and its effectiveness in terms of achieving a complete education of children and teenagers. A sociological, psychological, political and social reflection along the three lines mentioned above enabled us to build up the theoretical basis of our study and to go out into the field. Our job involved partipative observation in the contex of an art workshop for children. Interviews with peuple involved in our study and two testimonies showing the effectiveness of art in the complete education of young people, are the main factors which backed up the following hypothesis : according to us, art stimulates the personal development of young people, helps them to become integrated and contributes to cmc education
Galan, Christian. "L'enseignement de la lecture au niveau élémentaire dans le système éducatif du Japon moderne depuis Meiji (1872-1992)." Paris, INALCO, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INAL0007.
Full textFor each of the eight periods which were taken into consideration (Edo-1872, 1872-1886, 1886-1900, 1900-1912, 1912-1933, 1933-1945, 1945-1958, 1958-1992), we based our research aroud three major axis : official legislation which imposes a standard on the teaching of reading in schools by defining the curriculum, language textbooks which play an intermediary educational role, and the methods or practices which make up the treaching itself. Our work has proved the two originals hypothesis, which were bon out of our previous research on the present day to be correct : 1) the process of teaching reading - method, content, progression - during the initial stages of learning to write and read was very early and conditioned by cultural, political and ideological factors, either directly, or as a result of more general transformations which have ocured within the practice of teaching or the conception of the role of the school
Frutuoso, Maria Nubia. "Réformes de l'éducation et impacts sur la formation des enseignants et leurs pratiques pédagogiques en salle de classe : le cas de l'enseignement des mathématiques au Brésil et en France." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO20076/document.
Full textOur research aimed at analyzing the impacts of education reforms involving formation and pedagogical practice of elementary and middle school teachers which have taken place both in Brazil and in France from the nineties. More specifically, we have centered in three aspects: first, analyzing the general formation profile that has been demanded for teachers by education policies in both contexts; second, identifying the concrete challenges that teachers from elementary school face in order to develop their work in the classroom; and third, finding out the way mathematical knowledge is treated and interdisciplinarity
Hanchi, Rachid. "Vers une utilisation optimale du manuel scolaire du FLE au primaire (3eAP) en Algérie : le guide pédagogique raisonné s'impose comme auxiliaire inévitable." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0457.
Full textAfter the reform of the Algerian education system in 2003, primary schools were provided with new textbooks but without any supporting documents. It is around the problem of the use of these tools alone in French as a foreign language classes that we decided to conduct our research, which consisted in examining whether teachers, faced with the renewal of the didactic discourse, were able to advantageously use their 3rd y p textbook within the framework of a curriculum approach. Based on the hypotheses that the reasoned pedagogical guide would benefit teacher training in the act of teaching, we considered it useful to base ourselves on two experiments. The first was to understand how teachers use their textbooks without a teacher's guide. The second was to understand the use of the same textbook, but with the help of a pedagogical guide that we had designed, and made available to the teachers selected for our research. . This was then in line with the logic of the comparative approach which, on the basis of the quadruplet of the game and the triplet of genesis, allowed us to validate our hypothesis that the pedagogical guide in an Algerian school context remains an essential tool for a better exploitation of the textbook for the benefit of French as a foreign language learning. However, we suggested that this auxiliary tool should be designed and strengthened more in line with the TACD in particular
Baki, Bali Timothée. "Εcοles bilingues en cοntexte plurilingue burkinabé et recherche terminοlοgique en mathématiques français/langues natiοnales : perspectives pédagοgique et lexicοgraphique." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC015/document.
Full textThis study aims at putting together a terminology case file in mathematics with a view to a French/Lyèlé bilingual education. This takes place in a context where elementary teachers in Lyèlé-speaking zones have difficulties identifying an appropriate language for the transmission of mathematical knowledge.This research is at the crossroads of two different domains: sociolinguistics and terminology. On the sociolinguistics front, the analysis focused on the representations of teachers on the topic of teaching languages and teaching practices. Terminology is a more practical field as the researcher is in an interventive research dynamic.Concerning the methodology employed, first we gathered the opinions of teachers regarding education; besides, most of the work was done following the socio-anthropological approach; in such a perspective, the researcher both mobilises his own teaching experience and progressively builds the glossary during his travels in the field.Treatment of the data (terms) was done following a terminological approach privileging the choice of linguistical units linked to basic mathematics: we compile the information relating to pronunciation, semantics, lexicology, etc., around a “star” term. The information in French and Lyèlé are supplied according to the star term.Finally, the approach used leads to the constitution of a French/Lyèlé lexicon; the researcher recommends using this study as a starting point to build other lexicons and curricula in other domains and in other Burkina Faso languages
Alcibar, Michaël. "Histoire et enjeux de l'enseignement des langues régionales dans les écoles primaires publiques : le cas du basque et du breton." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30045.
Full textThis thesis aims to explain and analyze the historical, sociolinguistic and political conditions that have accompanied the implementation of the teaching of regional languages in France and more specifically the bilingual public education of Basque and Breton. It also addresses the issues that have marked this process and continue to arise today. The thesis is structured in three main parts. The first, "A Historical Overview," focuses on the period of the French Revolution; Then on the period from the 19th century to the 3rd Republic - Guizot and Ferry laws on the imposition of French - along with the Basque and Breton proposals for maintaining or helping regional languages in learning french ; the Vichy period – the marginalization of regional languages - and the period of the Fourth Republic were developed, with the commitment of Basque and Breton deputies to obtain teaching and recognition of their language in the public school, action which will lead to the adoption of the Deixonne law. The second part of the thesis, "From the Deixonne law to the bilingual teaching of Basque and Breton in public primary schools today (2015)", develops the positions taken by Jaures on the pedagogical, economic and social advantages integrated to the local language learning, local demands for the integration of Basque and Breton into school, which began in the early 20th century and continued into the 1940s. Then, starting from the Deixonne law, the progresses, insufficiencies of the socialist government on the question of language teaching and bilingual experiments in the Basque Country and Brittany. The third part, entitled "Sociolinguistic issues in the teaching of Basque and Breton today", demonstrates the politicization of the issue of regional languages in public schools : "the absence of a legal framework resulting in tolerance. The teaching of regional languages rather than an established right". Overall, this research shows that the school and the regional languages have had and still have today a long common history or at least intertwined, with changes in the understanding of regional languages. Nevertheless, despite the new social considerations with regard to the Basque or the Breton, there remain political blockages as well as organizational brakes. An old practice, the politicization of the linguistic question in primary school, which, conditioned by the hierarchical relationship between French and other languages, is still perpetuated today. In the end, the perpetuation of this politicization over time is mainly representative of the great lack of understanding between the defenders of regional languages and the French state
Monneau, Emmanuel. "Institutionnalisation et déclin d'économies critiques du champ universitaire français : contributions à une socio-histoire des disciplines du social." Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0046.
Full textOver the last fifty years, the French university economics field has been characterized by the existence of critical economics (from the early 1960's to the early 2010's). The identification of the conditions of possibility of the institutionalization and then the decline of critical economics while the autonomization of this discipline is growing is the main issue being tackled through this piece of work. The enquiry enables to reveal the importance of the séminaire Aftalion, source of the formation of the disciplinary habitus for numerous critical economists trained during the 1960's and the early 1970's. Their project, both academic and political, has been carried on at the University of Picardie. The evolution of the discipline within this institution, through the study of its laboratories, its faculty and its teaching allows us to highlight the inner struggles of critical economists, which were at the same time epistemological, political and statutory. The disciplinary institutionalization of the two sides which competed in the 1970's, after the original contradiction faded away, has gradually given birth to a conflict which built the local disciplinary functioning. The institution had to resist the university transformation process before conforming with the standards and injunctions of the national and international universityeconomics. Some seem to take advantage of these transformations, as shown by the study of neuroeconomics. The history of economics teaching in the national university field over the whole period shows at the same time a double process of academization of the useful disciplines and the professionalization of the scholarly disciplines. Simultaneously, the schoolization of universities and the universitarization of schools can be seen. This double movement, shown here with the example of economics and management, as well as the research and teaching evaluation quantification might dictate a major trend in the social sciences field
Karachontziti, Eleni. "L'influence des politiques éducatives européennes et nationales dans la construction du discours scolaire : le cas des manuels scolaires traitant le fait religieux dans l'enseignement primaire en Grèce (1981-2006)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080089/document.
Full textSchool discourse is at the centre of this Phd dissertation. Traditionally, greek schools promote the greek – Christian discourse throughout the content of school textbooks treating the religious phenomenon. This fact is what brings us in mind the structure of the greek identity, to the forming of which orthodoxy indisputably plays a major role. In the year 2003 the Greek state accepts a European financial help in order to refresh the school textbooks. However, this specific help comes with the obligation to respect not only the european financial rules, but the priorities in certain subjects as they are set by the european policies as well. One of these priorities is the construction of the European citizenship in a more solid way. Furthermore, it reconsiders its practices and sets the goals concerning the building of the European citizen. Our research aims at a pluralistic study of the greek textbooks which form the religious phenomenon in the primary education. Towards this direction the object of our study is the evolution of the religious education which is included in the school program of the Education of Democratic Citizenchip. One last thing that is promoted by the European institutions targets at the transition from the representative to the participatory citizenship model. These developments result in the construction of the school discourse and in the effective treatment of the religious phenomenon. The research is carried out by the means of the analysis of the content of school textbooks, combined with the interviews of the actors (authors, evaluators, responsibles of application of education policy).The data analysis brings into light that the changes to which school discourse is submitted, forced by the European checks, do not bring about changes to its orientation. It is a matter of transformation in order to live up to the change of example. School discourse which is promoted by the school textbooks is a product of the European and greek educational policies
Lamelet-Mac, Grath Nadine. "La langue irlandaise dans les écoles primaires en Irlande de 1831 à 1936 : stratégies politiques et pédagogiques." Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00268223/fr/.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to study the place and the changes which the teaching of Irish in the “national schools” knew from 1831, the date when they were established, to 1936, when the first survey of the educational strategies of the governments of the Free State was made. Our objective is to determine in what laws and school programs were the reflection of political, social and identical representations of two systems of administration in Ireland: the British administration then the national administration. The national schools, created with the aim of promoting harmony in a multiconfessional educational system and often considered as having been, for the British authorities, the cultural and linguistic tool of assimilation of the Irish young people, granted no place to the language for more than forty years, ignoring the Irish-speaking population. The educational policies were not however questioned by the parents favourable to the “useful” language but were at the initiative of the language defence organizations such as the Society of Conservation of the Irish language and the Gaelic League. The fight for the revival of the language having been intrinsically bound to the fight for the independence, constituted the ideological basis of the Free State policies, the logic underlying the reforms, being that schools were responsible for the decline of the Irish in the XIXth century and consequently they would be the means to revitalize the vernacular language. This system which was based on nationalist requirements to the detriment of the children instruction was going to be exposed to the criticism
Nicolon-Monjo, Patricia. "L’enseignement des langues vivantes à l’école primaire en Angleterre et en France de 1960 à 2010. Entre traditions nationales et harmonisation européenne." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30052/document.
Full textThis research aims to draw a link between the evolution of early language teaching and learning in England and in France from the sixties up to the present time. This evolution is examined in the light of the work done by European organisations (the Council of Europe in particular) in the field of languages. The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages is scrutinised with regard to its impact on both the English and French systems of Education, allowing us to identify a few differences in the way the two countries interpret European recommendations and incorporate them into classroom resources, especially concerning assessment and self-assessment. In the third part, an empirical study based on interviews and questionnaires and conducted with student teachers and teacher trainers allows us to suggest a few keys to understanding the meaning of national orientations both in England and in France in the wider perspective of a didactics of plurilingualism
Tossou, Dandé Bienvenu. "Estimation du rendement de la maîtrise en économique à l'Université Laval." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26132.
Full textThe purpose of this paper is to establish the Laval University Master graduates in economic’s earnings profile and calculate the returns associated with this diploma. The methodology used is identical to that used by Vaillancourt et Ebrahimi (2010) and Stark (2007). It combines the cost-benefit analysis of Becker (1960) and analysis by estimating the Mincer (1974) econometric model . We have calculated the return of master over the Bachelor in Economic firstly for the individual and then for the society. The calculation was first made generally and then by gender and type of employer of graduates. The database we use comes from the survey conducted in 2014 among graduates of the Economics Department by the Laval University placement service(SPLA) in collaboration with the department of economics. Our results show that the major employer of graduates of the department is the public sector including the federal public service, the provincial public service, the municipal public service, teaching. The majority of the graduates is male. The income of men is still higher than that of women and income of private sector workers are higher than those in public workers. Furthermore, the results suggest that the investment for the passage from bachelor to master is profitable both for the individual and for society. Indeed, the average private return is 5:3% and the average social return is 3:7%. The private return for males is 5:3% and women is 5:4%. The private return of private sector workers is 5:3% and that of public sector workers is 5:4%. The results corresponding to social performance are 3:7%, 3:5%, 3:8% and 3:6%, respectively, for men, women, workers in the private and public workers. We note as well as the social return is usually less than the private return, the private return of women exceeds that of men and the private performance in the public sector is larger than private. But the differences both between the sexes and the type of employer are of low magnitude. The qualitative conclusions we draw are going in the same direction as those of Vaillancourt et Ebrahimi (2010) and Stark (2007).
Rakotoson, Sahondra Olivia. "L'enseignement de la langue maternelle malgache au primaire, depuis 1958 : l'enjeu de l'élaboration des programmes scolaires dans un contexte multilingue." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCF010.
Full textTeaching Malagasy, which is the native and official language in Madagascar, is in a complex position because it does not enable children who completed primary classes to have the skills expected in learning languages. Since the advent of the first republic in 1958, the various school curricula which have followed one another do not show clearly either linguistic capacities in front of the different varieties of the Malagasy, or methodological recommendations meeting the needs of learning in the multilingual context where the Malagasy pupils are developing. The current education system should therefore be reconsidered so as to be in accordance with the perspective of integrated didactics and mutual understanding. This thesis is part of this perspective. It is the fruit of inquiries and observations based on the training sessions provided to teachers as well as on the classroom practices in several schools of Madagascar, which were conducted in 2010-2012. It raises the political, educational and didactic issues in developing school curricula, which should be the main tool of the various educational actors
Sarraj, Jamel. "Didactique des langues-cultures (arabe, anglais, français) et contexte sociolinguistique dans les monarchies du Golfe Arabique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA030008.
Full textEver since ancient times, civilizations have passed on the flame of knowledge and modernity. Ideas and knowledge circulate among communities by means of language. Today, the English language is the lingua franca in several communities. But the diversity of language enriches experience and inventions and also conveys world visions and different points of view. The contact of language imposes the situation of dominant language and dominated language, hence problems of identity claims and of social-economic tensions. This research defines the status and the role of the Arabic language, the official language and identity of the CCG countries, where there is an important foreing population. It also analyses the causes of identity claims of Arab populations in a social-economic and international context and describes the facts, that have favored the domination of the English language in a context of cultural Arab tradition. The different situations of teaching/learming have made it possible to use various educational manuals, different methods and have confronted me with a wide variety of didactic, pedagogic, linguistic and cultural difficulties
Shimizu, Mariko. "Les différences individuelles dans les facteurs contributifs de l'illusion monétaire." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020041.
Full textThe term "money illusion" was first coined by American economist Irving Fisher in 1928 to describe the phenomenon whereby individuals fail to perceive that units of money expand or shrink in value. In the following decades, economists, psychologists and behavioral scientists have first debated the existence of money illusion, and then proceeded to refine and expand its definition. This thesis builds on the precedent research regarding money illusion, with the aim to evidence, using experimental methods, the characteristics that explain the occurrence of money illusion on an individual level, as well as the factors that may help diminish the occurrence thereof. The present thesis first summarizes the evolution of the concept of money illusion from Fisher's discovery to the last progresses made in behavioral sciences on this topic. It then shows the results of three separate experiments that were conducted in order to evidence several factors that we hypothesized as being either contributing to, or diminishing, money illusion. The first one examines the relationship between money illusion, financial literacy and numeracy; the second one focuses particularly on numeracy and numerical abilities in general as a way to overcome money illusion; and the third one on whether time perspectives may explain and/or mitigate money illusion
Drot-Delange, Béatrice. "Outils de communication électronique et disciplines scolaires : Quelle(s) rationalité(s) d'usage ? : le cas de trois disciplines scolaires du second degré en France : la technologie au collège, l'économie-gestion et les sciences économiques et sociales au lycée." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00381040.
Full textSi les acteurs ont saisi les opportunités qu'offraient ces outils pour constituer ce que nous nommerons des " réseaux disciplinaires ", ont-ils pour autant créé des réseaux pédagogiques, tels que les définit J. Perriault (1986) ?
Notre travail a consisté à expliciter d'une part le processus d'émergence de ces réseaux en utilisant le cadre théorique de la sociologie de la traduction, d'autre part les rationalités à l'œuvre dans les usages d'adoption et de participation des enseignants en mobilisant les théories sur les médias coopératifs, empruntant elles-mêmes à la tradition de la sociologie de l'action collective.
Nous avons appliqué cette démarche à trois disciplines : la technologie pour le collège, les sciences économiques et sociales et l'économie-gestion pour le lycée. Concernant l'émergence des réseaux disciplinaires, nous avons analysé les discours des acteurs impliqués dans cette émergence, que ce soit sous forme d'articles, de sites ministériels ou de comptes rendus de réunion. Concernant les usages d'adoption et de participation, nous avons analysé les échanges sur les listes de diffusion pour l'année scolaire 1999-2000, enquêté auprès des abonnés, auprès des enseignants auteurs de sites personnels concernant leur discipline, ainsi qu'auprès des responsables académiques des pages web disciplinaires.
Cette approche nous a permis de caractériser les réseaux disciplinaires et de les situer par rapport aux réseaux pédagogiques.
Aza, Ondine. "Enjeux et défis de la trajectoire de développement de deux petits États insulaires anglophones : étude comparée de Maurice et de Trinidad des origines à l’ère de l’économie de la connaissance." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA021/document.
Full textAt a time when economic growth is thought to be driven primarily by knowledge, the purpose of this research is to analyse to what extent two Small Island Developing States – Mauritius and Trinidad – are adequately equipped for this new economic context. As former British colonies, they both joined the Commonwealth upon gaining independence in the nineteen-sixties and they have since largely succeeded in overcoming their initially unfavourable conditions. Today, their good political, economic and social development is widely acknowledged. The main focus of this research is to evaluate how far colonial legacy, which is still visible in the contemporary institutions of both these states, can favour the transition they wish to undertake towards knowledge-intensive activities as drivers of economic growth. For this purpose, the research analyses the development trajectory followed by their institutions and their economy spanning the whole period of their colonial and post-independence history; additionally, this research considers the steps which are undertaken nowadays to build the framework required to foster a knowledge economy by studying more specifically the role of higher education as an essential tool for human capital formation. While upholding that some of the assets which could help them achieve their objectives can be linked to their colonial past, the research contends that the transformation of these two countries into knowledge-based economies could be hindered by the legacy of colonisation on some of their current features and which, decades after gaining independence, impedes the widespread diffusion of knowledge amongst their population
Murati, Coralie. "Du processus de production des contenus curriculaires à leur mise en forme scolaire officielle : le cas des sciences économiques et sociales au lycée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3124.
Full textThrough the case of Economic and Social Sciences, at the secondary level, this research examines the construction process of teaching contents and their evolution, using a sociological approach to the curricula. This action of construction is fixed in social and cognitive processes in both anterior and lateral that impacts the selection and hierarchical organization of knowledge within a formal curriculum. This action is conducted by a "social base": secondary school teachers organized in association, employer association, expert group, associations of higher education teachers, and producers of secondary education policies. These different groups, both inside and outside of educational field, official and unofficial, come in relation within the "public space". It becomes a social "arena" where manifest conflicts of interest and power issues. The internal structuring of formal curriculum brought out these social negotiations and political decisions for the selection and organization of knowledge. The findings are based on a qualitative analysis crossing data, included are interviews with experts produced formal curriculum, official documents and assessment reports in addition to programs of secondary level and Economic and Social Sciences. The analysis reveals the transformations that occur in both formal curriculum of Economic and Social Sciences and in their production process. The different forms of knowledge are more projected from academic and professional fields. As for the process of formal curriculum production is the subject itself of a "test negotiation" among social groups for the recognition of their expertise
Nehme, Georges. "Analyse des méthodes d'enseignement des sciences économiques dans le système éducatif Libanais." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547879.
Full textElalouf, Aurélia. "Histoire de la première nomenclature grammaticale officielle en France (janvier 1905 - avril 1911)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA134.
Full textThis study recounts the history of the first official grammatical nomenclature in France, since the first public debates on the necessity of a terminological simplification and unification (from January 1905) to the promulgation of the three official texts that are the decree of the 25th of July 1910 (that fixes the list of the grammatical terms that have to be known in the exams and examinations of both primary and secondary educations) as well as the circular of the 28th of September 1910 and the note of the 21st of March 1911 (that both explain how the decree has to be implemented). The study raises political, theoretical and epistemological issues: the simplification and unification of grammatical nomenclatures encounter the State’s will to improve the command of the national language and to unify education on the entire territory; the elaboration of the nomenclature reveals the problems caused by the analysis of verbal constructions and the complex sentence at the beginning of the 20th century; the reform of the nomenclatures highlights the tension between a terminological ideal and the reality of practices. These issues consistently intersect with didactic questions: on the place of an explicit teaching of grammar in the teaching of language, on the relations that school knowledge has with academic knowledge or furthermore on the limitations imposed by what can be taught
Chebil, Mhiri Myriam. "Spreads obligataires souverains et transmission de la volatilité entre les marchés financiers de la zone euro." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100113/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on explaining the determinants of sovereign bond yield spreads in selected euro area countries during the financial crises of last decade. It examines the impact of those turmoil periods on sovereign bond market dynamics, and on its interactions with stock and CDS markets. GARCH-type models are used to identify determinants explaining spreads of each country, while panel data analyzed within fixed and random effects models, and run on crisis and non-crisis periods, identify whole sample determinants. To assess contagion effect, both MS- VAR and DCC-MVGARCH models are used. Results suggest that global risk and liquidity factors are the significant drivers of the spreads volatility. For the periphery countries in the euro zone, spreads are found to be more responsive to explanatory risk factors than those of the core countries. The role of these factors is also found stronger during the sub-prime and euro area crises. The analyses of the financial markets interactions within the euro area demonstrate the existence of a contagion effect, as well as a “flight to quality” phenomenon
Ouattara, Aboudou. "La structure par terme du taux d'escompte psychologique : estimation et incidences sur les préférences face au risque et sociales." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090026/document.
Full textThe discounted utility theory proposed by Samuelson (1937) is one of the dominant paradigms in economics and management especially in finance where it serves as a basis of the Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) and its version including consumption (ICCAPM). Despite this place, its validity has a framework to explain individuals time preferences has been questioned in recents researches paving the way for amendments and questionings of this framework. Among others, these reseaches introduce the concept of term structure of psychological discount rate. Therefore, a part from exponential discount rate function, we find in the literature seven alternatives discount rate function : Hernstein, proportional, Laibson, Rachlin, Hyperbolic and generalized hyperbolic.Following this work, we initiated a research to provide an answer to the question on the characteristics and driving factors those explain its heterogeneity at an individual level. Thereafter, its relationship with other dimensions of individual preferences (risk and social interaction behavior) are explored. The purpose is to identify among them, the function that is consistent with the observed time preferences, to estimate the underlying parameters and to study the consistency of individual time preference. This research is based on the data collected by experimental study using eighteen time trade-offs, four lottery trade-offs, a dictator game, an ultimatum game and a trust game.Data analysis confirmed previous results on the violation of the time invariant of the psychological value of time hypothesis and established that the studied population is characterized by an heterogeneity with respect to the form of the term structure of psychological discount rate. Individuals are characterized by an Hernstein, Generalized hyperbolic or Laibson psychological discount rate. We found that demographic, social and temporal orientation have a weak link with the individual differences of the term structure of psychological discount rate. Application (a dimension of personality traits) is the most important driving factor of term structure of psychological discount rate forms heterogeneity. We finally established that there is a weak relationship between the parameters of time, risk and social preferences
Espinoza, Sotelo Paola. "L'apprentissage de l'espagnol à l'école publique au Chili en milieu défavorisé : les difficultés des maîtres face aux transformations curriculaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA131.
Full textThis research addresses the issue of curriculum change in the teaching of Spanish in Chile. This modification in the curriculum in 1996 caused a change of the school discipline’s name, a new organization of content as well as a new didactic approach to teaching. We postulate that these changes have caused instability in the manner of perceiving the teaching of Spanish today. Thus, the starting point of this research is to know and to explain the impact of the different curricular alterations among teachers, both in their own representation of the discipline and in the way they handle the content.Our main motivation was to know the views of primary school Spanish teachers. Therefore, we interviewed twelve teachers from different schools in Santiago, Chile. All of these institutions had in common a predominantly disadvantaged school population.Our interest in the last grade of primary school, is explained by the fact that it provides a level of education that gives access to secondary education. Thus, in this class, students are expected to have acquired a number of abilities and skills to get to the secondary level. One of our initial hypotheses postulates that the students of the interviewed teachers have not acquired the capabilities and basic skills that the curriculum of this grade reports as required. We postulated this as the new contents and new didactic approach to school discipline involve a more sophisticated teaching, a teaching based particularly on the development of skills that teachers do not fully understand