Dissertations / Theses: 'Economy for human'

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Goslin, Brian Richard. "Economy and efficiency of human locomotion." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007177.

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Human locomotor economy and efficiency are highly variable. This study investigated the role that stature plays in this variation, by evaluating metabolic and respiratory responses to walking and running at speeds set relative to one's stature. Four groups of subjects: male, high V0₂ max (n = 11); male, average V0₂ max (n = 10); female, high V0₂ max (n = 10); and female, average V0₂ max (n = 11) were habituated to treadmill locomotion prior to the measurement of maximal oxygen consumption (V0₂ max). The V0₂ max test entailed 1 km.h⁻¹ increases per min from 3 to 6 km.h⁻¹ walking, and 7 - 17 km.h⁻¹ running then 1% grade increments per min until exhaustion. On each of four other occasions, the subject walked or ran at 6 of a variety of relative speeds - walking at 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3; running at 1.5, 1.7, 1.9 and for selected subjects 2.1, 2.3 and 2.5 statures.s⁻¹ ,and grades - 0%, +3%, -3%. Steady-state respiratory and metabolic responses, and treadmill speed were monitored by an on-line computer system developed for this study. Cadence and RPE were also monitored. All subjects demonstrated an exponential relationship between V0₂ and walking relative speed (st.s⁻¹) (RS) . V0₂ (ml.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹ ) = 4.747 * e(1.371*RS) During running this relationship was essentially linear . The variability of economy at relative speed (9.08%) and absolute speed (9. 01%) did not differ. Male and female subjects did not differ in response to absolute speed but females were more economical at relative speeds (p<0.05). Those with high and average aerobic capacity did not differ in locomotor economy at relative speed. Higher freely-chosen stride length was associated with a higher V0₂ response as velocity increased. The V0₂ of uphill walking was 1.4 times greater than that for downhill walking (running: 1.28 times) . Stride length decreased with increasing speed in uphill locomotion but the reverse was the case for downhill. The economy and efficiency of walking was greater than that of running. Walking economy was maximal between 0.7 and 0.9 st. s⁻¹. Running economy remained essentially unaffected by increased velocity. The setting of locomotor velocity relative to stature does not minimize inter-subject variability in metabolic and respiratory response .

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Balarezo, Christine A. "Selling Humans: the Political Economy of Contemporary Global Slavery." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407818/.

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Human trafficking is a growing illegal crime, both in terms of numbers and profits. Thus, important to consider, as it is a human rights, political, criminal justice, national security, and economic issue. Previous studies have these examined these human trafficking factors independently, yet none have really taken into account how they work simultaneously. This study examines why human trafficker continues to occur, particularly at the domestic and transnational level, and also why some countries are better able to effectively deal with this problem in terms of criminalizing human traffickers. It is argued that at the domestic level, traffickers first must take into account the operating costs, illegal risks, bribery, and profits of the business. After considering these basic elements, they then need to consider the world, including economic, political, geographic, and cultural factors that may help facilitate human trafficking. However, human trafficking can occur across large geographic distances, though rare. This is more likely to happen based on the type of human trafficking group, available expatriate or immigrant networks, the origin-transit-destination country connection, or strength of the bilateral economic relationship between origin and destination countries. Finally, looking at why some countries are better able to criminalize traffickers helps us to better understand how human trafficking can be discouraged. In short, conformity of a country’s domestic anti-human trafficking law, as well as the degree of enforcement, should increase the probability of criminalizing a human trafficker. These three theoretical arguments help to better understand the nature of the business, and more importantly, why human trafficking continues.

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Fráguas, Nobre Guilherme. "Creative economy and sustainable human development: a theoretical approach for convergences and divergences." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663421.

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The thesis relates the ‘creative economy’ with the ‘sustainable human development’, tracing a parallel between economic growth (e.g. GDP) and human development (e.g. HDI). The aspect of sustainability is addressed through the potential dematerialization of production and immaterialization of consumption, offering the ‘creative industries’ as one of the candidates to convey both – together with services and ICTs. Communications technologies are shown, by the way, partially as the source of the communicational capital: sometimes implemented at universities and companies in a very human mode, but sometimes constituted as automata economicus – artificially intelligent machines able to create wealth in an independent and creative way. Also, the thesis approaches the Girona’s creative economy, interested on how both the University of Girona and its Science and Technology Park may participate in such matter. The bond between the University and the creative economy is analyzed further by the case of the University of São Paulo (Brazil) and its departments – focusing its School of Communications and Arts. It is suggested that Girona, more than exclusively investing to get more creative industries, may also present itself as a managerial contractor to the creative sectors – eventually adopting the broader concept of the ‘experience economy’ by the Scandinavian perspective. Finally, the thesis recalls for the centrality of persons to the economy, relativizing the power of economics and its impersonal paraphernalia La tesis relaciona la "economía creativa" con el "desarrollo humano sostenible", trazando un paralelo entre el crecimiento económico (e.g. el PIB) y el desarrollo humano (e.g. el IDH). El aspecto de la sostenibilidad se aborda a través de la potencial desmaterialización de la producción e inmaterialización del consumo, ofreciendo a las "industrias creativas" como uno de los candidatos para conducir a tanto - junto con los servicios y las TIC. Las tecnologías de las comunicaciones se muestran, por cierto, parcialmente como la fuente del capital comunicacional: a veces implementadas en universidades y empresas en un modo muy humano, pero a veces constituidas como automata economicus - máquinas artificialmente inteligentes capaces de crear riqueza de manera independiente y creativa. Además, la tesis aborda la economía creativa de Girona, interesada en la participación tanto de la Universidad de Girona como de su Parque Científico y Tecnológico. El vínculo entre la Universidad y la economía creativa es analizado aún más por el caso de la Universidad de São Paulo (Brasil) y sus departamentos - enfocando su Escuela de Comunicaciones y Artes. Se sugiere que Girona, más allá que invertir exclusivamente para tener más industrias creativas, también puede presentarse como un proveedor gerencial para los sectores creativos - eventualmente adoptando el concepto más amplio de la "economía de la experiencia" por la perspectiva escandinava. Finalmente, la tesis recuerda la centralidad de las personas en la economía, relativizando el poder de la economics y su parafernalia impersonal

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McKay, Lindsey (Lindsey Colleen) Carleton University Dissertation Political Economy. "Seeking to cure by replacement: the political economy of organ transplantation." Ottawa, 2001.

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Chattopadhyay, Partha. "Transforming Indian economy into knowledge economy : the role of human resources with reference to India." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/937.

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Beyer, Kyle. "The Cross Education of Neuromuscular Economy." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6244.

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Cross education is the phenomenon by which the untrained limb will experience a gain in strength following a unilateral resistance training program. However, little is known as to the underlying adaptation occurring in the untrained limb. Purpose: To examine the effect of dynamic unilateral resistance training on the strength and neuromuscular adaptations of both the trained and untrained legs. Methods: Eight previously untrained males (22.38±2.92 y, 1.73±0.08 m, 75.26±14.53 kg) completed a four-week unilateral resistance training program, while another eight untrained males (24.00±4.57 y, 1.84±0.05 m, 94.21±16.14 kg) served as controls. Isometric leg extension strength, leg press 1 repetition maximum (1RM), leg extension 1RM, root mean square of the maximal electromyographic amplitude (EMG), submaximal EMG, dynamic neuromuscular economy (NME) and the slope of NME-power output relationship were determined before and after training to assess the changes in strength and neuromuscular adaptations of the vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) in both the trained and untrained legs. The unilateral resistance training program was conducted on the dominant leg (DOM) in the unilateral resistance training group (URT) and was compared to the dominant leg of the control group (CON). Cross education was measured in the nondominant leg (NON) for both groups. The unilateral resistance training program was completed three days per week for a total of twelve training sessions. Exercises included in the training program were unilateral leg press, unilateral leg extension, bilateral chest press and bilateral low row. All data was analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance of the post-testing values using the pre-testing values as the covariate. Further analysis of the EMG and NME data was performed using magnitude-based inferences. Results: The URT group improved their isometric (DOM:11.03%, NON:4.98%), leg press (DOM:77.63%, NON:64.88%) and leg extension (DOM:46.76%, NON:16.43%) strength after the four weeks of resistance training. There was no difference between the groups in isometric strength in the dominant (p=0.188) or nondominant (p=0.948) leg. For leg extension 1RM, there was a significant difference between groups in the dominant leg (p=0.018), but not the nondominant leg (p=0.482). However, there were significant group differences in both the dominant (p=0.003) and nondominant (p=0.034) leg for leg press 1RM. In terms of maximal EMG, the training groups improved in the vastus lateralis (DOM:29.81%, NON:31.44%) and rectus femoris (DOM:20.71%, NON:6.26%) individually, as well as in total EMG (DOM:24.78%, NON:17.57%). There was a Likely Positive or Very Likely Positive effect of unilateral resistance training on the changes in maximal EMG of the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris in both the dominant and nondominant legs. There was a Likely Positive effect of unilateral resistance training on the submaximal EMG of the dominant vastus lateralis at 75 and 125 watts. Conversely, in the rectus femoris, there was Unclear effects of unilateral resistance training on the submaximal EMG of the dominant leg. There was no consistent effect of unilateral resistance training on submaximal EMG values of the vastus lateralis in the nondominant leg. However, the rectus femoris in the nondominant leg experienced a Likely Positive effect of unilateral resistance training on submaximal EMG. NME improved in the URT group in the VL at 75 (DOM:9.73%, NON:13.42%), 100 (DOM:8.76%, NON:8.21%), and 125(DOM:24.26%, NON:12.8%) watts and in the RF at 75 (DOM:22.25%, NON:15.73%), 100(DOM:24.85%, NON:17.05%) and 125 (DOM:30.99%) watts. In terms of neuromuscular economy, there was a Likely Positive or Very Likely Positive effect of unilateral resistance training on most measures of NME on both the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris in both the dominant and nondominant legs. In terms of NME slope, there was only a Likely Positive effect of unilateral resistance training on the dominant vastus lateralis. Conclusion: Based on these results, it appears that the cross education of strength from unilateral resistance training is modality-specific. Furthermore, the NME of both the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris in both legs appear to improve following unilateral resistance training. However, in the nondominant leg, the improvement in NME appears to be due solely to the increase in maximal EMG, whereas the improved NME in the dominant leg is due to both an increase in maximal EMG and a decrease in submaximal EMG. M.S. Masters Child, Family and Community Sciences Education and Human Performance Sport & Exercise Science; Applied Exercise Physiology Track

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Milner, Wesley T. "Progress or Decline: International Political Economy and Basic Human Rights." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2180/.

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This dissertation is a cross-national, empirical study of human rights conditions in a dynamic international political economy. The scope of the examination covers 176 developed and developing countries from 1980 through 1993. Through evaluating the numerous theoretical aspects of human rights conceptualization, I draw upon Shue's framework and consider whether there are indeed "basic rights" and which rights should fit into this category. Further, I address the debate between those who claim that these rights are truly universal (applying to all nations and individuals) and those who argue that the validity of a moral right is relative to indigenous cultures. In a similar vein, I empirically investigate whether various human rights are interdependent and indivisible, as some scholars argue, or whether there are inherent trade-offs between various rights provisions. In going beyond the fixation on a single aspect of human rights, I broadly investigate subsistence rights, security rights and political and economic freedom. While these have previously been addressed separately, there are virtually no studies that consider them together and the subsequent linkages between them. Ultimately, a pooled time-series cross-section model is developed that moves beyond the traditional concentration on security rights (also know as integrity of the person rights) and focuses on the more controversial subsistence rights (also known as basic human needs). By addressing both subsistence and security rights, I consider whether certain aspects of the changing international political economy affect these two groups of rights in different ways. A further delineation is made between OECD and non-OECD countries. The primary international focus is on the effects of global integration and the end of the Cold War. Domestic explanations that are connected with globalization include economic freedom, income inequality and democratization. These variables are subjected to bivariate and multivariate hypothesis testing including bivariate correlations, analysis of variance, and multiple OLS regression with robust standard errors.

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Dencik, Jacob. "Human investment and the new economy in the European Union." Thesis, University of Bath, 2004. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415396.

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The Lisbon Strategy gave a central role to human investment in the realisation of the objective for the European Union to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economic area with social inclusion in the world. Moreover, the Lisbon process introduced the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) intended to facilitate policy learning between member states in a number of areas of public policy, including human investment, by means of benchmarking and establishment of best practice. This raises a pressing question for European policy makers: How do we conceptualise and operationalise human investment for the purposes of the OMC and the Lisbon process? It is to this question that the thesis attempts to provide an answer. In so doing, the thesis develops a conceptualisation of human investment that takes account of the changing nature of human investment provision occurring as part of the wider socio-economic changes of the New Economy. The changing nature of human investment is captured in a framework of lifelong learning, with a number of new dimensions to human investment provision. On the basis of the conceptual framework, a number of variables are specified. After having taken stock of available data sources, statistical indicators are, in as far as possible, identified for each of the specified variables. The thesis then goes on to explore the picture of human investment provision in the European Union emerging from these indicators, with particular emphasis on how this picture differs from the findings arrived at from more traditional indicators of human investment. The thesis concludes by discussing the implications of the study for the measurement and analysis of human investment. In addition, the thesis explores wider implications for the use of benchmarking as a tool in economic and social policy, the OMC and the Lisbon Strategy.

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Cox, Christopher. "Autonomous Exchanges : Human-Machine Autonomy in the Automated Media Economy." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2018. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=fmt_dissertations.

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Contemporary discourses and representations of automation stress the impending “autonomy” of automated technologies. From pop culture depictions to corporate white papers, the notion of autonomous technologies tends to enliven dystopic fears about the threat to human autonomy or utopian potentials to help humans experience unrealized forms of autonomy. This project offers a more nuanced perspective, rejecting contemporary notions of automation as inevitably vanquishing or enhancing human autonomy. Through a discursive analysis of industrial “deep texts” that offer considerable insights into the material development of automated media technologies, I argue for contemporary automation to be understood as a field for the exchange of autonomy, a human-machine autonomy in which autonomy is exchanged as cultural and economic value. Human-machine autonomy is a shared condition among humans and intelligent machines shaped by economic, legal, and political paradigms with a stake in the cultural uses of automated media technologies. By understanding human-machine autonomy, this project illuminates complications of autonomy emerging from interactions with automated media technologies across a range of cultural contexts.

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Ruhaet, H. F. "Econometric model for the Libyan economy, 1970-2006." Thesis, University of Salford, 2013. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/29325/.

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The implicit aim in this kind of study, especially within developing countries, is to provide a tool that allows an economic decision maker to stand on solid ground and to reduce the problems that arise from the stochastic decisions in such countries. One of most effective tools, in this regard, is the econometric model. Accordingly, in pursuit of achieving this aim, this study constructed a small econometric model for the Libyan economy with a view to assessing the existing and alternative economic policies, specifically fiscal and monetary policies, and then aimed to explore their transmission mechanisms and interaction. Therefore, the model is designed to capture the main characteristics of the economy whilst also exploiting the developments in economic theory and econometric analytical tools. The model consists of six blocks, namely, the aggregate demand, the aggregate supply, the balance of payments, the government, the monetary, and the price. The model has been estimated utilizing time-series data spanning the period from 1970 to 2006. Also, the single equation of the model was estimated by using the ‘Gets’ technique which involves the formulation of a ‘general’ unrestricted model ‘GUM’ that is congruent with the data and the application of a ‘testing down’ process, eliminating variables with coefficients that are not statistically significant leading to a simpler ‘specific’ congruent model that encompasses rival models. This step achieves the first objective of the use of econometric models which is the structural analysis. In addition, this study has carried out the remaining two objectives of econometric studies, namely forecasting and policy analysis. Accordingly, in order to fulfil this aim the model of the study has been solved as a whole, simultaneously using the dynamic simulation technique. It is evident from the dynamic simulation of the model that the model’s performance is, generally, quite satisfactory, whereby the model tracking behaviour clarified a good fit, and this is realized for most of the equations which performed much better than would be expected for a model of a developing country such as Libya. The evaluation of the forecast accuracy of the model using the (MAPE), (RMSPE), and the Theil inequality coefficient (U) asserted the relatively good performance of the model. The simulations’ experiments in this study have evaluated the potential influences of the two major policy options, fiscal policy and monetary policy. As expected, with regard to the analysis of the monetary policy scenario and compared with the fiscal policy scenario, it can be concluded that monetary policy is less efficient compared to fiscal policy, according to this proposed model for the analysis of economic policy in Libya. In addition, also, it is evident that fiscal policy should play a key role in the management of the Libyan economy and the role of monetary policy should be confined to supporting fiscal policy.

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Stein, Guilherme. "Essays on political economy and institutions." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17072.

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Submitted by Guilherme Stein (stein.guilherme@gmail.com) on 2016-09-14T03:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese.pdf: 430062 bytes, checksum: 5a8a1a0eaba91cd18e8142932105ee3b (MD5) Rejected by Letícia Monteiro de Souza (leticia.dsouza@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Guilherme, Favor fazer as alterações abaixo para que seu trabalho seja aprovado: 1: O nome da fundação (Getulio) não possuí acento. Favor retirar de todas as páginas que constam o nome. 2: Faltam as sessões de Agradecimentos, Resumo e Abstract. Atenciosamente, Letícia 3799-3631 on 2016-09-14T12:11:08Z (GMT) Submitted by Guilherme Stein (stein.guilherme@gmail.com) on 2016-09-14T13:20:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 2.0.pdf: 432636 bytes, checksum: 00494ab653e6be0fae54f42a49f2fe99 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Letícia Monteiro de Souza (leticia.dsouza@fgv.br) on 2016-09-14T13:22:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 2.0.pdf: 432636 bytes, checksum: 00494ab653e6be0fae54f42a49f2fe99 (MD5) Rejected by Letícia Monteiro de Souza (leticia.dsouza@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Guilherme, Os agradecimentos em uma trabalho tem uma importância significante. Para tirar suas dúvidas, a Suzinei irá entrar em contato com você para esclarecer essa situação. Após o contato dela, favor mandar o novo trabalho. Atenciosamente, Letícia 3799-3631 on 2016-09-14T13:24:21Z (GMT) Submitted by Guilherme Stein (stein.guilherme@gmail.com) on 2016-09-14T14:45:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 3.0.pdf: 434242 bytes, checksum: 203925cdcd2f5883b66766677952d8f0 (MD5) Rejected by Letícia Monteiro de Souza (leticia.dsouza@fgv.br), reason: Prezado Guilherme, Favor fazer a ultima alteração: A sessão Resumo deve estar após a sessão Abstract, devido ao seu trabalho ser em inglês. Atenciosamente, Letícia, 3799-3631 on 2016-09-14T14:48:27Z (GMT) Submitted by Guilherme Stein (stein.guilherme@gmail.com) on 2016-09-14T14:53:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 4.0.pdf: 434238 bytes, checksum: 2c9c2be7ae9e557ae3eb8805d6b97afd (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Letícia Monteiro de Souza (leticia.dsouza@fgv.br) on 2016-09-14T14:54:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 4.0.pdf: 434238 bytes, checksum: 2c9c2be7ae9e557ae3eb8805d6b97afd (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T14:55:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese 4.0.pdf: 434238 bytes, checksum: 2c9c2be7ae9e557ae3eb8805d6b97afd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-19 This thesis presents two theoretical models. The first shows how the cost of doing business associated with red tape arises as a response to institutional failure, namely, a failure of the legal system. It shows that, when legal system is inefficient, an increase in the cost of doing business can increase society’s welfare. The second model shows how credit constraints affect political preferences of the society relating to human capital investments. Families that are credit constrained invest less in their offspring human capital and thus also prefer policies that involve direct cash transfers to human capital investments. A tese desenvolve dois modelos teóricos. O primeiro deles mostra como o custo de realizar negócios associados a burocracia surge como resposta a uma falha instituicional, em particular, uma falha no sistema de justiça. Ele mostra que, quando o sistema de justiça é ineficiente, um aumento no custo de realizar negócios pode aumentar o bem-estar da sociedade. O segundo modelo mostra como restrições de crédito afetam as preferências políticas da sociedade no que tange investimentos em capital humano. Famílias com restrição de crédito investem menos no capital humano dos filhos e, por esse motivo, acabam também acabam preferindo políticas que envolvam transferências diretas de renda a investimentos em capital humano.

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Harrington, Catherine. "Human rights and the state, changing roles in a liberal economy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ53099.pdf.

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Wilson, J. "Substantial connections : the transacting of human organs as a moral economy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.663901.

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Publicly promoted as 'the gift of life', organ donation offers a strong contrast with forms of gift giving familiar to anthropologists, where gift exchange is conducted to create and maintain relational networks. Allowing the removal of one's organs after death, to be transplanted into other bodies for the purpose of enhancing or extending life, is commonly understood, certainly in Britain, as a voluntary and anonymous gesture. It is presumed to entail no thought for any personal benefit and no intention of establishing a relationship with the recipients of one's organs. Implicit within this understanding of organ donation is a model of the Western person as an autonomous and bounded individual, operationalised in anthropology as an analytical tool with which to contrast 'other' economies of personhood. This thesis critically re-assesses public and academic acceptance of the popular image of organ donation, and challenges the anthropological model of the Western person, revealing the partial nature of both. Using ethnographic data from a three year intensive study involving health care professionals, the families of decreased organ donors and the recipients of transplanted organs, a framework is developed within which human organ transactions can be analysed in their entire cycle. A primary focus on attitudes towards the bodies, and body parts, of decreased organ donors reveals an array of shifting subjectivities. The term refers both to the diverse perspectives held by various categories of participants and to the oscillating perspectives of individual participants, the researcher included. Studying how human organs circulate undermines the assumption that agency is (only) autoproductive. Rather less voluntarism is present than popular imagery suggests. Further, a consideration of the relationship within which organs circulate serves to illustrate that the production of self implicates other (non)-selves. What emerges is the notion of connective personhood, whereby donor families and transplant recipients inevitably participate in a self-making social relationship, through sharing the substance of the deceased donor.

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Baxter, Weston L. "Designing circular possessions : exploring human-object relationships in the circular economy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/52779.

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This thesis argues the need for a fundamental shift from the design of products to the design of possessions in the circular economy. Possessions in the circular economy are characterised by interactions resulting in a user-object relationship rather than legalese and differ from the linear economy in terms of their length of use and number of users. Individual users are thus seen as critical actors to enable material circulation in that they take possession and dispossess of products. Two key topics—psychological ownership and contaminated interaction—are explored in detail to fill theoretical gaps in design research and practice. After discussing these topics, some directions and guidelines are suggested. Possession or ownership is taken as an innate human desire. A framework describes the method of developing ownership including the motives, routes, and paths that guide the development of that relationship. This framework is used to describe object attachment to inform product longevity and decisions around keeping and discarding. It is also useful to help explain why some access-based models are adopted while others are not. Maintaining perceived value in the circular economy entails mitigating contaminated interaction—tainted interaction due to prior use and prior users. Contaminated interaction is shown to affect new circular business opportunities, disposal decisions and downcycling. A typology is presented to characterise indicators of use with an emphasis on sensorial material properties. Aversion to used products is found to come from three drivers: hygiene, utility and territory. A theoretical framework for contaminated interaction is presented which is explored through positive and negative forms of contamination. Finally, a case study shows how alterations in product characteristics lead to improper disposal and act as an example of what it means to design of circular possessions.

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Ram, Justine. "Distribution and sustainable development in a natural resource-based economy." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/469/.

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There is still some ambiguity about what is sustainable development. From an economic point of view it involves maintaining a stock of assets for posterity that is equal to or greater than the stock of assets of the current generation. This is the basis of the capital approach to sustainable development. To measure how sustainable an economy is, based on the capital basis of sustainable development, multilateral institutions such as the World Bank use wealth accounting combined with the genuine savings approach to measure how well economies are saving for the future, net of current asset depreciation. These measures are useful for telling policy makers how their policies are contributing to sustainability and whether their economies are on a sustainable development path. Although these measures tell which assets are being depleted and the level of savings required, they do not tell why inadequate savings or inadequate investments might be occurring and how these assets are distributed among income groups within the economy. These measures are also not linked explicitly with the development prospects of the country and the needs of the current generation. This thesis attempts to assess if distributional outcomes affect how much countries save and therefore whether this has any impact on sustainability. To examine the impact of distribution on sustainability, a case study of Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) is conducted. T&T has had a negative genuine savings rate for most of the last two decades, primarily due to the excessive exploitation of its natural resources (oil and natural gas) without sufficient savings or reinvestment of the revenues from these resources. Has the distribution of these resource rents had any impact on saving outcomes? An attempt is made to answer these questions by assessing how government expenditure is distributed and who benefits most from the exploitation of the natural resources. The analyses contained within the thesis show that expenditure on energy subsidies, the distribution of human capital and the overall distributions of rents are all regressively distributed.

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Juenke, Eric. "Beyond GNP: Economic Freedom as a Determinant of Basic Human Needs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3334/.

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Research concerning ‘basic needs' in the Human Rights literature has consistently found a positive and significant relationship between measures of wealth and basic needs provision. This study utilizes a relatively new measure of economic freedom to test hypotheses regarding general macro-economic policy decisions and basic needs outcomes. A pooled dataset of 138 countries over four years is examined using OLS panel regression controlling for both' year' and ‘country,' in a standard basic needs model. Consistent and systematic differences between economic freedom effects in OECD nations and non-OECD nations are revealed. The Economic Freedom Index has both theoretical and empirical advantages over previous measures of wealth and economic freedom, allowing human rights scholars to test specific economic policy decisions as they affect basic needs outcomes.

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Raiher, Augusta Pelinski. "A evolução do capital humano e sua importância no crescimento econômico das microrregiões paranaenses no período de 1999 a 2006." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18814.

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Muitos estudos dão suporte à idéia de que o capital humano possui um papel importante na determinação da taxa de crescimento econômico de uma região. Entretanto, é discutível a maneira como esse fator afeta o dinamismo econômico: se é diretamente, via o aumento da produtividade dos trabalhadores; se é através das novas inovações; ou indiretamente, por meio da difusão tecnológica. Além disso, alguns trabalhos vêm dando destaque quanto às diferenciações da ação do capital humano sobre a renda quando se considera os seus aspectos quantitativos e quando se leva em conta os seus aspectos qualitativos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência do capital humano na taxa de crescimento econômico per capita das microrregiões paranaenses, entre 1999 e 2006. Mais precisamente, buscou-se mensurar o estoque de capital humano em cada microrregião paranaense, caracterizando a sua distribuição espacial e a sua evolução, analisando as semelhanças existentes entre as microrregiões frente a essa variável. Em seguida, analisou-se a relação existente entre o capital humano e a taxa de crescimento econômico per capita, identificando os canais de sua ação e a importância das variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas do capital humano nesta relação. Como resultado, entre 1999 e 2006, o estoque de capital humano em todas as microrregiões se elevou, existindo ainda diferenças significativas, entretanto, essas diferenças se reduziram consideravelmente. Desse modo, num período de seis anos, houve um aumento significativo quanto a habilidade e o conhecimento dos paranaenses, principalmente no que concerne à qualidade desse capital humano formado. Na sequência, analisando-se a relação entre o capital humano das microrregiões e as suas taxas de crescimento do PIB per capita, observou-se que a sua ação não se dá por meio da criação de tecnologias. Indiretamente, via difusão de tecnologia, o seu efeito é percebido apenas quando se considera a qualidade do capital humano. Diretamente, por meio do aumento das habilidades e capacitações dos agentes envolvidos na produção, a sua ação também é captada, entretanto, apenas quando se leva em conta a qualidade da força de trabalho ou quando se considera a qualidade e a quantidade de capital humano em conjunto, ou seja, a quantidade, por si só, não afeta a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita das microrregiões paranaenses. Many studies support the idea that the human capital has an important role in the assessment of economic growth in a region. Although, it is questionable how this factor affects the economic dynamism: if it is direct, through the raise of workers’ productivity or through new innovations; or indirectly, by the technological diffusion. Moreover, some papers focus on the differences of human capital actions on the income considering quantitative aspects and considering qualitative aspects. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the influence of human capital in the economic growth per capita of the Parana’s micro regions between 1999 and 2006. More precisely, we attempted to measure the stock of human capital in each micro region of Parana, characterizing the spatial distribution and its evolution, analyzing the similarities among these micro regions according to this variable. Next, we studied the relationship between human capital and economic growth rate per capita, identifying the channels of their action and the importance of the qualitative and quantitative human capital in this relationship. As result, between 1999 and 2006, the stock of human capital in all the regions rose, and there are significant differences, however, these differences were considerably reduced. Thus, during a period of six years, there was a significant increase on the skill and knowledge of Parana, especially when we talk about the quality of human capital that was formed. After analyzing the relationship between human capital for the micro and its growth rates of GDP per capita, we found that its action does not occur through the creation of technologies. Indirectly, via diffusion of technology, its effect is just seen when one considers the quality of human capital. Directly, by increasing the skills and capabilities of those involved in the production, its action is also captured, however, only when one takes into account the quality of the workforce or when considering the quality and quantity of human capital together, i.e. the amount by itself does not affect the growth rate of GDP per capita of micro regions of Parana.

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Al, Zeidi Sarhan S. "Human resource development as a strategic tool for developing the Omani economy : the case of Duqm Special Economic Zone in Oman (DSEZ)." Thesis, University of Chester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/620371.

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Research is increasingly acknowledging the pivotal role of national human resource development (NHRD) in economic development. There is a growing call to conduct research in country-specific contexts to further explore this concept and the factors that influence its outcomes. The concept differs from one country to another; therefore, many HRD studies focus on one country. However, few have focused on the Middle East region, and there has been even less research on Oman. The aim here is to fill this research gap by analysing Oman’s HRD practices. Specifically, the intent is to identify the gap in skillsets in Oman and to develop an NHRD model that is appropriate for the country’s economic requirements for national skills development.

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Holtzhausen, Marlie. "From Washington Consensus to relational economy : relational and human economy approaches to addressing poverty and inequality in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76678.

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This research sought to examine how development occurs when it takes place from a relational approach. The relational approach forms part of a growing body of literature within development studies in search of alternative ways of understanding development. Orthodox theories tend to be resistant to alternatives that threaten their path dependency. Development-related ideological traps have also locked development policy in redundant arguments. Development theories from various disciplines continue to grapple with the multidimensionality of poverty and inequality, but they often fail to consider the central role human relationships play in approaching these issues. This study used Relational Thinking and relational and human economy approaches in search for alternative models and methods to the neoliberal tradition and current development enterprise. Increasing global inequality and deprivations create a vital opportunity to think of new perspectives, interpretive categories and predictive models. A case study approach was used to examine the relational dynamics of a nongovernmental organisation (NGO) called the James 1:27 Trust, which works with children and youth in Pretoria, South Africa. Relational Thinking was utilised within an interpretivist philosophy using a mixed-model approach, including the Relational Proximity Framework survey (quantitative tool) and in-depth qualitative research through semi-structured interviews and a focus group. The research established that development studied from a relational perspective deepens understanding of the varying meanings that people give to development. It informs a relational economy in which development is seen as a circular, “messy” and often unpredictable process where belonging, pain, “family”, forgiveness and learning in an intricate, embedded network of relationships are valued beyond material resources. Development requires philosophies and measures that enable the identification of questions, problems and interventions that are not currently considered in studies on development. Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. DAAD-NRF In-Country Scholarship (German Academic Exchange Service and National Research Foundation). University of Pretoria’s Postgraduate Study Abroad Programme. Political Sciences PhD Unrestricted

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Newcomb, Helen Teresa. "Beyond states and markets : towards an international political economy of human security." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431195.

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Berns, Madalyn S. (Madalyn Sarah). "Enhancing human metabolic economy in stair climbing via an elastic crutch mechanism." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68936.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79). Crutching provides a significant increase in mobility for those with limited walking ability. While level ground walking with crutches has been studied in many different forms, stair climbing is a more energetically taxing activity and the upper arm and shoulder strength required is not always available in weaker or severely injured patients. We posit that the introduction of parallel springs spanning the elbow joint will improve the crutching experience by helping patients attain a metabolic reduction compared to unassisted locomotion. Here, we present a foundation for achieving metabolic reduction with joint-spanning elastic elements. Our approach includes three parts. First, we present an augmented crutch design with an elbow spring that can be modified with different stiffnesses. Second, we put forth a clinical testing protocol in which we measure metabolic economy via the pulmonary gas exchange technique (Vo2avg). Simultaneously recording electromyographic (EMG) signals from the primary active muscles provides a neuromuscular interpretation of the crutching activity not captured by the black-box metabolic techniques. We complete the picture by modeling the energetics of the effective elbow muscle by incorporating empirical measurements of maximum angular velocity achieved under a range of isotonic conditions. The metabolic data exhibits trends consistent with our hypothesis of metabolic reduction; although, more subjects are needed to confirm these results. All subjects reported a feeling of augmentation at the optimal stiffness condition. An analysis of the EMG results show a clear transition in muscle usage patterns from a triceps only power stroke to a combined usage of both triceps and biceps. Where the triceps are maximally active during the non-augmented state, as stiffness increases the biceps become more active and the total activation level drops, suggesting the this shift is at least partially responsible for the observed metabolic reduction. While the model correctly predicts the relative shape of the observed curve, the optimal stiffness predictions are higher than their empirical equivalents. This is most likely due to the extra help the triceps muscles received from active stabilization and power muscles not considered in the model. With a more complete muscular picture one could begin to construct an accurate method of prediction and tuning of optimal stiffness. by Madalyn S. Berns. S.M.

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Ткаченко, І. В. "The human capital as the key factor of competitiveness of national economy." Thesis, Біла К.О, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63026.

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In theses the basic aspects of forming of the human capital as a key factor of competitiveness of national economy are outlined, it is marked the importance of problem of investing in the human capital and degree of his realization. У тезах окреслені основні аспекти формування людського капіталу як ключового фактору конкурентоспроможності національної економіки, наголошено на важливості проблеми інвестування у людський капітал та ступеня його реалізації.

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Martin, Michelle. "On the Question of the Human: A General Economy of Contemporary Tastes." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216555.

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English Ph.D. In the latter half of the 20th-century and into the 21st, William Burroughs, Samuel Delany, and bioartists such as Oron Catts, Orlan, and Stelarc have all attempted to create works which respond to the increasing biopoliticization of contemporary society. The biopolitics of today seek to regularize life and structure it according to the imperatives of economic thought, a process by which the human becomes the Foucauldian homo oeconomicus. This restricted logic of biopolitics desperately tries to cover the explosive excess of the world today, what Bataille calls general economy. The artists under consideration in this work attempt to uncover this state of excess. While they are typically seen as exploring fantastic realms of the transgressive or, in the case of bioartists, attempting to emulate science fiction, in fact it is their realism which provokes. These artists reveal the heterological body, that which cannot be contained or described by the biopolitical regime. In so doing, they rewrite our standards of taste and point the way to understandings of the human that have been otherwise unavailable to us. William Burroughs in Naked Lunch highlights the manipulability of affect in contemporary society through the reduction of the human to bare life. He uses the figure of flesh/meat as a way of depicting the heterogeneous body and to generate a counter-affect, or free-floating affect, which unlike typical affect, is not worked up into emotion. Samuel Delany, too, describes the heterogeneous or destabilized body in the heterotopia of his novel Dhalgren. While Burroughs is unable or unwilling to gesture towards the potentially radical implications of the heterogeneous body, Delany proposes a new model of community that rests upon the revelation of the heterogeneous body, a community which acts as one informed by an affirmative biopolitics. Bioart, a somewhat vexed genre of art, attempts to construct artworks that both utilize and critique new science and technology of the body. The life sciences are complicit in the rise of the biopolitical state and further the view of the human as constrained by its material substrate. Fetishistic bioart problematically reproduces a fascination with the life sciences and advanced technology. However, the bioart which I call sacred has a demystifying effect and attempts to use the knowledge gained by the life sciences to expand our understanding of the human, going beyond the bounds of that very knowledge itself. Temple University--Theses

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Danieletto, Matteo <1993&gt. "Economic Complexity, Human Capital and Trade: what the fast growth of South Korea can teach the Italian economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16508.

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Italia e Corea del Sud: geograficamente e culturalmente così distanti ma sorprendentemente più simili di quel che si possa immaginare. A partire dall'analisi dello sviluppo dell'indice di complessità economico coreano, la tesi si vuole focalizzare su quali siano i fattori su cui l'Italia può prendere spunto per pianificare una ripresa economica decisa e convinta.

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Migdad, Abdalrahman Mohamed. "The contribution of the Islamic economic theory and institutions to human economic security : the case of the Islamic redistributive institution "Zakat" in Malaysia." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13069273/?lang=0, 2018. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13069273/?lang=0.

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Three main components represent the pillars of this research: Human Economic Security (HES), Islamic economics, and the Malaysian economy and policies addressing economic insecurities. HES is part of Human Security (HS), and both are presented in this research from the Islamic perspective to relate to both Islamic economics and Malaysia, the constitutionally Islamic country. To reach a conclusion regarding the subject, the researcher asks the question: "Can Malaysia actualize HES on the bases of equity and justice for all its citizens through enlarging and enhancing the performance of the Islamic Voluntary Economic Sector (IVES) institutions, specifically the redistributive institution of zakat?" The methodological approach of this research is basically a qualitative one. In the concluding chapter the researcher finds that Islamic economics could grow to become more social, more so through the growth of the IVES. However, a steady growth of the sector is not enough to actualize HES noticeably in Malaysian contexts. A more robust growth rate in the sector is conditional to decisive government interventions that favor the growth of the IVES. 博士(グローバル社会研究) Doctor of Philosophy in Global Society Studies 同志社大学 Doshisha University

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Aggesund, Pamela. ""The sustainable development way of implementing circular economy" : A system thinking approach." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-156888.

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This study aims to develop an understanding of how circular economy should be implemented to result in sustainable development and to analyze the potential of one particular implementation to result in sustainable development. “The sustainable development way of implementing circular economy” is presented by understanding circular economy with system thinking and considering the factors affecting the implementation of circular economy. Interviews and text-analysis are conducted to analyze the character and potential of ReTuna, a reused items mall in Eskilstuna, to result in sustainable development. Results show circular economy should be implemented as a way of reasoning that can result in a systemic transformation of the economic system to result in eco-centric sustainability. Implementations that do not explicitly derive from a an understanding of circular economy as a new way of reasoning are despite this valuable due to a system’s character of interconnectedness. ReTuna is implemented as a set of practices and an organizational structure but it also demonstrates an honorable effort to change people’s perception of the human-nature relationship. It is concluded that way of implementation has to reflect and be synchronized with the aspiration behind implementing circular economy. ReTuna has potential to result in sustainability but does not yet.

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Ibragimov, Z., Тетяна Анатоліївна Васильєва, Татьяна Анатольевна Васильева, et al. "The national economy competitiveness: effect of macroeconomic stability, renewable energy on economic growth." Thesis, VARAZDIN DEVELOPMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP AGENCY, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/80913.

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According to the reports of the Global Competitiveness which developed by the World Economic Forum, the competitiveness was defined as "a set of institutions, policies and production factors that form the level of the country's performance". This paper investigates the effect of macroeconomic stability, environmental performance on economic growth. The object of investigation - the countries with transformation process from the recourses to the effective economic model according to the reports of the Global Competitiveness which developed by the World Economic Forum. The authors indicated that the main goal to achieve the stable growth - increasing the level of the national economic competitiveness could be realized not only through the growth of the key determinants of the competitiveness: institutions; infrastructure; macroeconomic stability and etc., but also considering the aspects and parameters of country's environmental performance. The methodology instruments of the investigation were modified production function of Cobb-Douglas which considering the level of the country's macroeconomic stability and environmental performance. The period of investigation was 2000-2017 years. Under this research, the authors used the dataset from World Data Bank, Global Environmental performance Index, Global competitiveness report. The findings proved the correspondence of the developed models to the input dataset. Moreover, the assessments of the elasticity of the developed model components were positive and statistically significant.

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Zaqqa, Nadim. "Economic development and export of human capital. A contradiction? the impact of human capital migration on the economy of sending countries ; a case study of Jordan." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2832554&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Chung, Tsung Ping. "The role of education and training in the development of the Malaysian economy." Thesis, University of Kent, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246574.

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Li, Chao-Shiang. "Industrial heritage production in Taiwan : a creative economy approach." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7905/.

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This thesis deals with Taiwan as a post-colonial nation, with an identity that remains somewhat ambiguous, from both internal and external perspectives. Specifically, in this thesis, the complexities of its Taiwan’s multicultural legacies are explored through the presentation in industrial heritage sites. Industrial heritage in Taiwan is mainly the product of the Japanese colonial period between 1895 and 1945, which spans the first half of the twentieth century. This fifty-year colonial industrialisation is arguably Taiwan’s most influential industrial heritage because it began a rapid process of modernisation that is continuing today. The key to this process is the industrialisation that led to the development of main parts of the island, catalysed new communities and social patterns and structured daily life. These industrial locations have now become heritage sites for tourism and creative development, Moreover, the interpretation of these sites highlights the re-contextualisation of the Taiwanese legacy from both political and economic perspectives. However, these sites also reveal some highly problematic place-related aspects of the colonial narrative. This thesis examines how this heritage is produced in a society that remains connected to Japanese culture, a society in which industrial heritage is influenced by the increasing convergence between cultural tourism, museumification and commercialisation Furthermore, new relationships are identified, which reflect the patterns and trends of wider economic, social and cultural changes. The thesis concludes by offering a deeper understanding of the valorisation of industrial heritage in Taiwan and its influence on broader Taiwanese narratives of geopolitics and global heritage agenda.

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Walker, Paul Stephen. "The Firm in the Knowledge Economy: A Theory of the Human-Capital Based Enterprise." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Economics and Finance, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5760.

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The focus of the thesis is on the firm in the “knowledge economy”. A significant issue for the firm is the increasing importance of human capital in the knowledge economy and thus we examine the theory of the human-capital based firm. In the first section of the Introduction three questions are asked, What is a knowledge economy? How can we measure such an economy? and Can we know if we are in a new economy?, but only the last of them can be answered and only positively for the U.S. After this a brief survey of the theory of the firm literature is given. Chapter 2 argues that the current mainstream approaches to firm do not deal well with the human-capital based firm. Chapter 3 looks in more detail at the two extensions of the Grossman Hart Moore approach to modelling the human-capital based firm. The discussion centres on Brynjolfsson (1994) and Rabin (1993). An error in one of Rabin’s proofs is noted. As these papers are the mainstay of the orthodoxy approach to the human-capital based firm we discuss them in detail as a spring-board to developing a more satisfactory model of the human-capital based firm in the following chapters. Chapter 4 turns to a discussion of the more recent “reference point” approach to the firm. Chapter 5 attempts to apply the reference point approach to the human-capital based firm. Two models are developed. The first suggests that heterogeneity of references matters in determining the outcome when choosing between the use of independent contractors and employees. When preferences are homogeneous, the first best and the optimal level of co-ordination can be achieved. Here the scope of the firm is clear. In some cases the activities of the firm are undertaken in-house while in others an independent contractor is utilised. Heterogeneity of preferences results in outcomes, which include deadweight losses, being determined by both the sign and the size of the change in the benefits to the agents. Both under and over levels of co-ordination can occur. The scope of the firm is inconclusive. This suggests that the organisation of a human capital based firm depends on the “types” of human capital in the firm. Having a homogeneous group of human capital involved in a firm may well lead to a different organisational form than that found in a firm which involves a heterogeneous group of human capital. This issue is examined in the following section of the chapter. A model is developed in which the optimal organisational form is determined by two conditions: 1) a “Make-or-Buy” constraint which picks an independent contractor contract or an employment contract depending on which contractual type results in the optimal of two widgets being chosen and 2) if an employment contract is chosen then the owner of the integrated firm is whoever has the highest “aggrievement level”, and thus will “shade” the most. Some of the conclusions give conditions under which more than one of the possible organisational forms result in the efficient outcome. What the results of Chapter 5 suggest is that a human-capital only firm with heterogeneous human capital is likely to be unstable and thus a long lasting human-capital only firm will consist of homogeneous human capital. A firm which involves heterogeneous human capital will require some “glue”, in the form of non-human capital of some kind, to remain viable. Given the importance of this glue to the firm ownership of the firm by the owner of the non-human capital is likely. Chapter 6 is the conclusion.

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Aw, Kah-Peng 1967. "Managing human capital in the knowledge economy : perspectives from the firm and the individual." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8893.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 55). This thesis examines the challenges and implications of managing human capital in a knowledge-intensive environment from the perspectives of both the firm and the individual. Knowledge is redefining the operating environment and competitive landscape for individuals, businesses and nations. The knowledge economy that has emerged is one that is differentiated by the characteristics of speed, connectivity, complexity, continuous learning and intangibility. The knowledge assets of a firm is the aggregate of its human capital, structural capital, customer capital and the value that the interaction of these components produces. As firms transition into the knowledge economy, their primary challenge will lie in developing the ability to recognize, capture and exploit the value of knowledge assets. The Human Capital Management Model provides a framework for examining and integrating the broad range of issues surrounding human capital management. By taking an approach that involves reshaping the entire firm, the model suggests that a firm progress through six stages in the build up of an infrastructure for sustained human capital development. Each stage is correlated with higher returns from human capital. The six stages involves assessing and differentiating human assets, re-organizing work, recasting and understanding new roles, putting in place a performance measurement and reward system, enhancement and growth through continual investments, and lastly establishing trust as the ·basis for integration of human, structural and customer capital. The same forces that are reshaping the way that firms manage their human capital will impact how an individual views his own career and its management. First, careers are repositories of knowledge. Next, continuous learning is the primary means for renewal and upgrading of human capital. Third, career management is a series of risk management choices, where the rate of return determines the range of future choices. Finally, individuals will assume the primary responsibility for career direction and progression. by Kah-Peng Aw. M.B.A.

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Shifa, Abdulaziz B. "Essays on Growth, Political Economy and Development." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89334.

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This thesis has three self-contained articles. Economic growth and trade in human capital: A salient empirical pattern in the East Asian “miracle” is a large increase in output and factor accumulation despite only a modest increase in TFP. I develop and calibrate a model of growth and catch-up to provide a possible explanation. A novel element of the model is a globalized education market allowing human capital transfer from frontier to developing economies – an assumption motivated by the experience of countries like Korea and Taiwan where domestic universities employed graduates of Western universities to provide advanced training. The political economy of urban bias in dictatorial regimes. In many developing countries, public resource allocation is often biased against the rural population – a policy that hurts the vast majority of the poor living in rural areas. This paper develops a dynamic political economy model of urban bias in a dictatorial regime. A novel result of the model is that urban bias can emerge in predominantly agrarian economies even if there is no bias in political power toward urban residents. The empirical evidence from a recently compiled country-level panel dataset on agricultural taxes/subsidies is consistent with the prediction of the model. Does agricultural growth cause manufacturing growth? Empirically assessing the impact of agricultural growth on manufacturing growth is challenging because of endogeneity concerns. This paper attempts to circumvent the identification challenge by using weather variations to instrument for agricultural growth. The IV estimations show that agricultural growth has a significant positive impact on manufacturing growth, and it is larger than the OLS estimates. I discuss the empirical implications for agricultural policies, efficiency of the manufacturing sector, and for the role of agricultural growth in Africa's industrialization.

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Loomis, Jessa M. "Moveable Feasts: Locating Food Trucks in the Cultural Economy." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/12.

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In this thesis, I consider the emergence of a new generation of food trucks and question their popularity, narration and representation. I examine the economic and cultural discourses that have valorized these food trucks, and pay attention to the everyday material and embodied practices that constitute them. This research is situated in Chicago, where proposed changes to the existing mobile food vending ordinance spurred contentious debates about food safety, regulations, rights to the city and livelihoods. I follow the myriad actors involved in the food truck movement to understand the strategies employed to change the mobile food vending ordinance on behalf of these food trucks. As part of this, I raise questions about what interests are prioritized, and what interests are marginalized especially in light of Chicago’s long history of policing Latino street vendors. I conclude by considering what food trucks can elucidate about the city, the changing economy, and the molding of laboring and consuming subjects.

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Zaqqa, Nadim [Verfasser]. "Economic development and export of human capital. A contradiction? : the impact of human capital migration on the economy of sending countries ; a case study of Jordan / Nadim Zaqqa." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://d-nb.info/98285692X/34.

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Nobuoka, Jakob. "Geographies of the Japanese Cultural Economy : Innovation and Creative Consumption." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-128823.

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What is the role of the consumer in the contemporary cultural economy? Where are culturaleconomy innovations and competitiveness created? This thesis aims to provide tentativeanswers to these questions by focusing on some illustrative examples from the Japanesecultural economy. However, rather than primarily describing firm strategies or industrialdynamics, emphasis is put on the places and practices of users. The thesis is based on a seriesof qualitative studies carried out between 2007 and 2009. In these studies various forms ofinteraction between consumption, innovation and space are highlighted. In the first article,media mix is analyzed. Media mix is the space in which media, images and narrativesinteract: a space where the user contributes to the introduction of new innovation into alreadyexisting concepts, and thereby, plays a crucial role in creating the mix. In the second article,the Akihabara district in Tokyo is analyzed. This is a place where consumers enable hightechnologyand popular culture to merge and where new trends and consumer cultures arecreated. In the third article, the mega event Comiket is analyzed. Comiket is a market foramateur artists involved in Japanese popular culture. It is a space where plagiarism andprovocation by mainstream Japanese popular culture are driving factors for creativity. Thethesis concludes by suggesting that the role of the consumer needs to be further emphasized inresearch on the cultural economy, as many users are active innovators, and create trends andpractices that shape global consumer cultures. Japansk populärkultur har under de senaste årtiondena blivit väldigt uppskattadöver hela jorden. Manga (japanska serietidningar), anime (Japansk animeradfilm) och framförallt dataspel fascinerar, särskilt bland de yngre generationerna.Men var kommer då dessa kulturella uttryck ifrån och vem skapardem? Denna avhandling utforskar den kulturella ekonomins geografigenom att utifrån ett rumsligt perspektiv studera människor och platser somskapar, tolkar och utvecklar nya trender och produkter. I studien har fokusflyttats från etablerade produktutvecklare, företag och industriella drivkrafteroch tar med hjälp av tre separata artiklar sikte på att beskriva och tolkakopplingar mellan det rumsliga å ena sidan samt lärande och skapande åandra sidan. Avhandlingen har en tolkande ansats och baseras på kvalitativametoder som inspirerats av fenomenologin. Det empiriska materialet byggertill stor del på fältstudier som bedrivits i Japan under åren 2007-2009.Den första artikeln inleds med ett konstaterande av hur produktutvecklingsker inom den japanska leksaks- och spelindustrin. Idag är en vanlig metodför utvecklingen av berättelser att de sprids mellan olika former av medier.En mix av olika medier ger starka varumärken och trogna kunder. Samtidigtvisar studien att användaren är av central betydelse för skapandet av en helhetsupplevelse.Det är inte nödvändigtvis lisensägaren, en författare eller ettspecifikt företag som skapar produkternas konkurrenskraft. Istället är detmedia mixens sammantagna upplevelse som spelar en avgörande betydelseför användarna. Media mix möjliggör även att nya medier och berättelserkan introduceras av såväl företag som andra konsumenter.I den andra artikeln analyseras stadsdelen Akihabara i Tokyo som sedanlänge är känt som ett centrum för konsumtion av prylteknologi och hemelektronikmen som alltmer kommit att präglas av konsumtion av populärkulturi form av dataspel och anime-relaterade produkter. Akihabara är ettexempel på ett rum där kunskap och trender förmedlas och sprids; men ocksåskapas, utvecklas och förfinas. Platsen och dess användare spelar en avgöranderoll i dessa processer och konsumtion och konsumenternas handlingarär en grogrund för kulturella innovationer med konkurrenskraftiga kulturella uttryck. Artikeln ger därmed ett bidrag till diskussionen om innovativa miljöermed ett exempel som ligger långt bort från företagsparker och industriellakluster.Till sist, i en tredje artikel, analyseras Comik Market. Det är en mässa i Tokyoför manga där konstnärer i nära 40 år kunnat utväxla idéer, berättelseroch tekniker. Evenemanget har växt till en enorm happening där välkändastjärnor kan sälja sina varor bredvid helt okända nykomlingar. En viktigdrivkraft för skapandet är plagiat av redan etablerade och populära serier ochgenrer. Ofta är berättelserna provokativa och utmanande. Parallellt med seriernapågår dessutom utvecklandet av en besläktad populärkultur kallad cosplay.Vem som helst kan klä ut sig till sin favoritfigur och visa upp sig fördeltagarna. Skapandet och leken på mässan ger efterverkningar inom denjapanska kulturella ekonomin men avknoppas även utanför Japan. Idag finnsmånga liknande mässor runt om i världen där nya konsumenter och kreatörermöts och skapas. Artikeln är ett exempel på den event-baserade ekonominsom kräver spektakulära händelser för sin överlevnad. Samtidigt är det kreatörernasjälva som skapar och driver mässan trots etablerade mediakonglomeratoch myndigheter.På detta sätt ger avhandlingen uttryck för ett angreppssätt inom samhällsvetenskapendär kulturella och ekonomiska processer samspelar. Rumslighetenses som en avgörande komponent för skapandet av kulturella innovationer.Där masskulturen utvecklas, utvecklas också masskonsumtionen. De rumsom artiklarna belyser har därigenom en indirekt betydelse för den kulturellaindustrins konkurrenskraft. Dessutom, vid sidan av storföretagens mångmiljoninvesteringar och reklamjippon, framträder idag konsumenterna sombetydelsefulla innovatörer inom de kulturella näringarna. En av anledningarbakom detta är att värdet av kulturella produkter styrs av tillfälliga faktorersåsom trender och hajpar. Kunskap odlas och nytänkande frodas i utprägladekonsumtionskulturer och bland fans och kreativa konsumenter finns oftakärnan till många framgångsrika produkter. På detta sätt bidrar avhandlingentill förståelsen av samtidens kulturella ekonomi samt dess koppling till rummetoch konsumenten. Avhandlingen argumenterar därmed att forskningenpå kulturella näringar i högre grad bör uppmärksamma konsumenterna somaktiva kreatörer och värdeskapare. 日本の文化経済に関する地理学的考察：イノベーションと創造的消費に着目して今日、日本のポップカルチャーはますます世界中で親しまれるようになった。マンガやアニメ、特にデジタル・ゲームは若者を中心に人気を集めている。日本文化の世界的展開を前にして、西欧諸国の人々が以下のような関心を抱くことも自然であろう。これらの文化的表現は一体どこで生まれ、また、誰によって制作されているのか。本研究の目的は文化経済の地理的現象について、新たなトレンドや製品を生み出し、解釈し、そして発展させる人々およびその空間について探求することである。もっとも、ここでは、定評のある作家・クリエーターや製品開発者、企業、さらには産業動態といった、一般的に文化経済研究において注目される観点に重きを置いていない。本研究を構成する三つの論考において、特定の空間と商取引や学習、創造性、革新性との関係を描き、検証することを課題としている。その方法として、解釈的アプローチ並びに現象学より着想を得た定性的分析を採用した。分析データについては、主に2007年から2009年の間に日本において行ったフィールドワークより収集したものを用いている。第一論文では、日本の玩具およびゲーム産業における製品開発を題材としている。物語や映像を展開する手段として、それらを様々なメディア形態へと配信していくことが一般的である。メディア媒体の混合を通じて、ブランドを創出し、根強い顧客を確保していく。西欧諸国において人気の高い二つの日本のキャラクターを検証して明らかとなったことは、メディア・ミックスの全体性を作り出す際の製品ユーザーの重要性である。その役割は必ずしも製品競争力に直結するようなライセンス取得者や作家・クリエーター、もしくは特定の企業であるとは限らない。むしろ、連結された体験こそがユーザーにとって重要である。新たな映像や物語が取り込まれるにつれてメディア・ミックスは発展する。その強さを促進する原動力はしばしばユーザーの手中にある。第二論文では東京都秋葉原を分析地域とした。この地域は家電製品やハイテク機器の商店が立ち並ぶ日本有数の電気屋街として知られている。近年では、デジタル・ゲームやマンガに関連した商品など、大衆文化の一大消費拠点でもある。秋葉原が知識やアイディアを交換する空間へと変化した結果、流行ならびに新たな文化的現象が創出され、評価され、そして発展していく場となっている。この過程において、秋葉原という特定の空間とその人々こそが重要であり、消費および消費者の諸活動が文化的イノベーションと競争力のある文化的表現を育てる。従って、本論考は、一般的なビジネスパークや産業クラスターの諸研究とは異なる観点からの、イノベーションおよびクリエイティブ・ミリュー論への貢献と位置づけられよう。第三論文ではコミックマーケットを分析対象としている。コミックマーケットは、参加者達のアイディアや物語、専門的技法といった情報交換の場として40年もの間に進化を遂げてきた。著名な作家・クリエーターにとって、本イベントは新たな読者・愛好家へと作品を広めるような開放的な空間をもつ大規模な催しへと発展した。そこで展示もしくは頒布される同人誌は挑発的であり挑戦的でもある。また、「コスプレ」を代表として、その他の多くの文化的現象も見られる。本イベントにおける創造的活動や遊びは、しばしば日本の文化経済に影響を与えるような新たなトレンドの契機となる。世界中にも消費者とクリエーターが出会い、触れ合うような同様のイベントは少なくない。本稿の事例は、大々的な催しを必要とするような、イベントを基礎とした経済活動の一例である。他方で、関連省庁やメディア・コングロマリットとは異なるような、ボトムアップ型で成功的に発展してきた文化経済の制度的催しの一例ともいえよう。以上のように、本研究では文化と経済過程の関係が相互的かつ互恵的となるような社会科学のアプローチを提示している。特定の場とユーザーは、大衆消費が確立され、大衆文化が発展するような空間において、文化的イノベーションを生み出す上で最も重要な役割を果たしている。従って、これらの空間は文化産業の競争力を間接的に左右している。今日、有力企業による大規模投資や高額な展示方法などに続き、消費者は文化経済の鍵となるイノベーターとして認識されよう。その理由の一つとして、文化的商品の価値が流行や誇張された宣伝のような偶然的要因によって決定される点と無関係ではない。これらはファンと創造的な消費者が有する独特の消費文化の中で開花することが多い。本稿が探求してきた点は、この消費と空間、延いては現代文化経済の理解についてである。文化産業に関する今後の研究は、制作プロセスに関与する積極的な主体として、ますます消費者に着目する必要があろう。

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Newkirk, Karen. "Trading Places : integrating Indigenous Australian knowledge into the modern economy." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2020. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/176385.

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Australia has a 30-billion-dollar knowledge industry, yet this industry barely recognises Indigenous Australian knowledge developed for over 50,000 years. This knowledge is important to understanding life on this planet. A 2012 regional Aboriginal education report noted “These ways of thinking and planning are our great gift to a world that desperately needs solutions...Unfortunately, this gift has not been accepted yet, or even noticed” (NSW Department of Education and Communities). Through continued denial of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander experience, their knowledge is largely hidden from mainstream Australia and to the rest of the world. This study examines what inhibits appreciation of Indigenous Australian knowledge through two sequential interviews with 26 non-Indigenous senior managers in business, finance and economics. The constructivism research paradigm frames the use of Causal Layered Analysis as a research method to investigate the interview data. A paradox arises between the aspirational discourse for an integrated nation with recognition of Indigenous knowledge as valuable, and ingrained images that erroneously position Indigenous knowledge as only representative of early human development on a linear trajectory toward 21st Century Western thought. From the findings, a spectrum of mainstream Australian society emerges with clear gradation from strong ignorance of Indigenous knowledge to reasonably high awareness. Evident from this spectrum is that for Australian society to embrace Indigenous knowledge, a transition is required to move non-Indigenous individuals significantly to higher awareness. This thesis argues that this transition could be progressed by supportive non-Indigenous individuals taking the next step to improve their understanding of Indigenous knowledge through learning. Thus, Australian society could establish that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander knowledge is managed by its custodians, valued and in demand more broadly, is not compromised in the market, and is able to contribute to the management of Homo sapiens on Mother Earth. Doctor of Philosophy

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Zeelan, Angelique Johanna Willemien Maria Van. "Economia solidária e desenvolvimento humano : um estudo da sustentabilidade de empreendimentos econômicos solidários e das condições de vida de catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158136.

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Esta tese tem como objetivo examinar elementos que determinam a sustentabilidade dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários de catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis, e analisar a contribuição destes para as condições de vida das catadoras e dos catadores e para o desenvolvimento humano. Para alcançá-lo, completou-se a realização de uma pesquisa, baseada nas abordagens do desenvolvimento humano e da economia solidária. Na discussão teórica, consideram-se os empreendimentos econômicos solidários como espaços de formulação de valores compartilhados e meios para perseguir objetivos comuns, bem como espaços de formação de capacitações coletivas e de autonomia coordenada. A partir da teoria e da análise do contexto da economia solidária e da gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos no Brasil, elaboraram-se indicadores de sustentabilidade dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários. Realizou-se um estudo empírico junto a vinte empreendimentos econômicos solidários e 438 catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis, oriundos de dezessete municípios no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliados o grau de democratização, o grau de participação externa, o grau de controle da cadeia produtiva, as condições econômicas dos empreendimentos, bem como as condições de vida das catadoras e dos catadores. O estudo aponta como fatores limitantes a dependência dos empreendimentos do mercado, o reduzido poder de negociação frente às indústrias, bem como sua alta vulnerabilidade em situações de crise econômica. Como potencialidades são apontados o exercício da gestão democrática como um processo de aprendizagem, a atuação em rede dos empreendimentos para compartilhar experiências, conhecimentos e equipamentos, potencializando as negociações com o poder público, a importância dos contratos de prestação de serviços para a viabilidade econômica e o aumento na renda, e a ação coletiva e a participação em fóruns e conselhos para incidir em políticas públicas. Os resultados evidenciam que os empreendimentos favorecem a equidade em relação à remuneração das catadoras e dos catadores. Os empreendimentos econômicos solidários têm o potencial de se constituir em espaços de formação da agência coletiva e podem contribuir para a superação da pobreza, principalmente para as mulheres catadoras, para a transformação de estruturas injustas, para a melhoria das condições de vida das catadoras e dos catadores de materiais recicláveis e para o desenvolvimento humano. This thesis examines the factors that determine the sustainability of the solidarity economy enterprises of waste pickers, as well as analysing the contribution of the enterprises to the living conditions of the waste pickers and to their human development. To achieve this aim, the research was conducted based on the human development approach and the solidarity economy approach. In the theoretical discussion solidarity economy enterprises are considered as spaces of formulation of shared values and means to pursue common objectives, as well as spaces of formation of collective agency, coordinated autonomy and collective capabilities. From the theory and the analysis of the context, regarding solidarity economy and integrated solid waste management in Brazil, indicators of sustainability of solidarity economy enterprises were elaborated. An empirical study was carried out with twenty solidarity economy enterprises and 438 waste pickers, from seventeen cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The degree of democratization is analised, along with the degree of political participation, the degree of control over the production chain, and the economic conditions of the enterprises. Also, the living conditions of waste pickers are analysed. The study points out as limiting factors the dependence of the solidarity economy enterprises on the market, the disadvantage of solidarity economy enterprises, and the reduced bargaining power vis-à-vis the industries, and the high vulnerability of the enterprises during economic crises. The study points out as potentialities the exercise of democratic managements as a learning process and a means of formation of collective agency, networking to share experiences, knowledge and equipment, enhancing the negotiations with the municipalities, the importance of service contracts with the municipality for economic viability and an increase in income for the waste pickers, along with collective action and political participation. The results show that solidarity economy enterprises favor gender equity in remuneration of waste pickers. These enterprises constitute a strategy of overcoming poverty especially regarding women. Despite the limiting factors identified, the opportunities show that solidarity economy enterprises have the potential to constitute spaces for formation of collective agency and can contribute to overcome poverty and to transform unjust structures, along with improvement of living conditions of the waste pickers and the human development.

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Humavindu, Michael N. "Essays on the Namibian Economy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1815.

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Mustafa, Mohamed. "Development of a Framework for Circular Economy within Furniture Manufacturing Companies." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106037.

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AbstractThe fast spreading industrialization revolution around the world has resulted in a rapid cycle of production and consumption of resources. Resulting in sustainable solutions being a fundamental need and resolutions which include efficient resources use. The concept of Circular Economy includes specific practices which take into consideration reusing resources through sustainable solutions resulting in the minimization of waste as well as the use of resources more efficiently. This study shows that organization approach circular economy in different ways, resulting in various definitions. Furthermore, the study emphasizes on the importance of developing a framework for circular economy when seeking to implement the concept. This research aims to develop a framework for the implementation of circular economy in consideration to furniture manufacturing companies. Furthermore, this research focuses on four theories: circular economy, sustainable solution, resource efficiency, and product End-of-Life (product EoL). A mixed method approach consisting of a semi-structured interview and a survey were used to help reach the aim of this study. The results from the interview two furniture manufacturing companies show that the companies use different aspects of the circular economy. In conclusion, companies with goals of being more sustainable should start considering circular economy principles from an early stage. This includes having a strict rule of only approving environmentally friendly materials. This also leads to the benefit that the practices of refurbishing and reusing allows for products to live for numerous lifetimes

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Steele, Mellissa. "Leveraging independent workers in the knowledge-based gig economy through supportive Human Resource Management practices." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79660.

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The gig economy represents a new work arrangement which is characterised by on-demand, increasingly digitally-enabled, short-term relationships with an organisation. Due to the seemingly detached nature of this work, perceptions of organisation support may be low, which may present a challenge to organisations in terms of obtaining the full business value from the gig workforce, particularly in the knowledge-based context. Organisations will be required to reconsider the manner in which they engage with talent in the gig economy, in order to leverage them effectively towards the achievement of business objectives. The aim of this research therefore was to determine the supportive Human Resource Management (HRM) practices to be implemented by organisations in order to better leverage the knowledge-based gig economy. Furthermore, the research sought to understand how these HRM practices are influenced by the complexity of the task, as well as the role of digital labour platforms in supporting in the provision of HRM practices, given their increasingly prominent role within the gig economy. A qualitative, exploratory research methodology was used to gain insight into the specific HRM practices required for knowledge-based gig workers, which would lead to positive perceptions of organisational support. The study consisted of 16 semi-structured, in depth interviews with a range of independent workers within the knowledge-based gig economy. The supportive HRM practices were identified as engagement support, clear structures and processes, remuneration and rewards, autonomy and flexibility, fairly applied practices, learning and development, as well as performance feedback. To assist organisations in practically implementing these practices, specific actions were included relating to each. The study also provided insight on the preferred supportive HRM practices based on the complexity of the task, and recommendations on the role of digital labour platforms in the provision of HRM support to gig workers within an ecosystem with organisations. Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2020. pt2021 Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) MBA Unrestricted

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Aretha, Aprilia. "HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA: EVALUATION ON HUMAN BEHAVIOUR, ECONOMY, AND GHG EMISSIONS." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215970.

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Hühnert, Dorte. "»Human Security« – Utopie oder kosmopolitische Sicherheitsstrategie mit Weitblick?" Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6063/.

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Agbor, Julius Agbor. "Essays on the political economy of 20th century colonisation and decolonisation in Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14609.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-141). The focus of this dissertation is on colonisation and decolonisation as cornerstones in the development of sub-Saharan Africa's current institutions and how these historical institutions affect current economic growth outcomes. The dissertation consists of three main chapters besides the introductory and concluding chapters. The rst main chapter considers conditions of optimality in a co-optive strategy of colonial rule. It proposes a simple model of elite formation emanating from a coloniser's quest to maximise extracted rents from its colonies... In the second main chapter, I argue that the pattern of decolonisation in West Africa was a function of the nature of human capital transfers from the colonisers to the indigenous elites of the former colonies. Underpinning the nature of these human capital transfers is the colonial educational ideology... The third main chapter investigates the channels through which colonial origin affects economic outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It focuses on four key channels of transmission namely, human capital, trade openness, market distortion and selection bias.

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Zelinková, Markéta. "Position of Austria to the Turkey's enlargement of the EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3727.

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Tato práce pojednává o postoji Rakouska k rozšíření Evropské unie o Turecko. Rakousko patří v rámci Evropské unie k euroskeptickým zemím, což se odráží i v postoji k dalšímu rozšiřování. Zejména negativně se Rakousko staví k rozšíření Evropské unie o Turecko. Tento negativní vztah je dán jednak historickými vztahy mezi oběma zeměmi, negativními zkušenostmi s tureckou menšinou v Rakousku a charakterem volebních kampaní rakouských politických stran.

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Zelinková, Markéta. "Postoje Rakouska k rozšíření Evropské unie o Turecko." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5516.

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Tato práce pojednává o postoji Rakouska k rozšíření Evropské unie o Turecko. Rakousko patří v rámci Evropské unie k euroskeptickým zemím, což se odráží i v postoji k dalšímu rozšiřování. Zejména negativně se Rakousko staví k rozšíření Evropské unie o Turecko. Tento negativní vztah je dán jednak historickými vztahy mezi oběma zeměmi, negativními zkušenostmi s tureckou menšinou v Rakousku a charakterem volebních kampaní rakouských politických stran.

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Maloney, Michelle Ann. "The Role of Regulation in Reducing Consumption by Individuals and Households in Industrialised Nations." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368147.

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In this thesis I argue that state-centred regulation can and should play a role in guiding industrial societies to reduce consumption of natural resources and live within the ecological limits of the Earth. To support my argument, I provide empirically based evidence demonstrating how this can be done for individuals and households. I use a case study approach to analyse three regulatory regimes and I provide a cross-case study analysis to inform efforts to regulate for reduced consumption. The case studies are the regulatory regime introduced in South East Queensland to reduce consumption of water in the residential sector during the Millennium Drought, Queensland’s regulatory regime for managing recreational fishing and the South Australian ban on lightweight, single use plastic bags. These regulatory regimes have overcome key barriers to setting limits in a pro-growth culture, and offer practical and very important lessons to a society that, if it chooses to address the current global environmental crisis and live within our ecological limits, will in the future have to adopt a wide range of policies, economic systems and regulatory regimes that accept, set and manage greater limits on human activities. In this thesis I argue further that despite the success of these ‘stand-alone’ regulatory regimes, current environmental regulation and normative theories of regulation are anthropocentric and exist within a pro-growth world view. If we are to address the current ecological crisis we need to shift human societies from this paradigm, to one that respects and nurtures the health of the natural world. This thesis combines the empirical evidence and ‘lessons learnt’ from the case studies with an Earth jurisprudence analysis of consumption, to suggest a new normative framework for regulating consumption, respecting the Earth community and living within our ecological limits. Thesis (PhD Doctorate) Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Griffith Law School Arts, Education and Law Full Text

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Stewart, Ingersoll Robert O. "Globalization and Human Rights: The Effects of Integration on State Repression in Developing Countries, 1976-2000." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194850.

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The process of globalization is the subject of heated debate over its impacts on human and state security. In this dissertation, I address its influences on one area of human security - the protection of personal integrity rights. Two questions motivate this project. First, does the globalization process affect the decision-making process of leaders such that there is an alteration in the likelihood that their populations will fall victim to violent forms of state repression? Second, how can the globalization phenomenon best be systematically examined in order to gain a better, generalizable understanding of its complex dynamics and effects on state and human security?I contend that globalization must be disaggregated into its distinct aspects, at different levels of analysis, in order to uncover the complex and even contradictory impacts that it is having throughout the international political economy. I utilize data on 156 lesser developed countries over the period of 1973-2000 to assess the effects of several sub-facets of globalization at both the levels of individual state and systemic integration upon personal integrity rights, as measured by the Political Terror Scale. In terms of levels of state integration, the increasing scope of interdependence between state and non-state actors magnifies the external pressures that leaders must consider when deciding whether or not to employ repressive measures to quell domestic threats. At the system level, globalization may be viewed as an ordering principle, which is expanding a set of rules that alters the propensity of states to engage in violent forms of coercion.The findings in this dissertation indicate that globalization is expanding, with respect to lesser developed countries. Moreover, it significantly influences the likelihood that individuals within these states will fall victim to state repression. However, the complexity and contradictory nature of these effects substantiates my claim that one must disaggregate the concept into its distinct parts. In this manner, this dissertation provides a significant contribution to extending our knowledge of the determinants of state repression as well as the effects of the globalization process. Additionally, it provides a model from which additional influences of globalization may be studied.

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Elias, Kaitlyn. "Value Creation: The Dynamic Position of Policy Change in The Global Tea Industry." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24221.

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In this sector analysis I report on my investigation of the International Smallholder Tea Sector and its incorporation into global policy spheres. “Globally, tea smallholder sector covers 70% of the plantation area and produces 60% of the global tea production volume (UNFAO, 2017) Therefore, I argue that smallholder farmers should play a greater role in creating value through representation in dynamic policy discussions, such as the UNFAO Intergovernmental Group on Tea. I address how small landholders are economically developing and overall industry strategy. I suggest governance structures in order to address challenges and opportunities in future development and specifically look at the dynamic position of global policy making and industry trends, as they pertain to the potential for sustainability and long term-success of this important industry. My regional emphasis on South Asia provides a setting to focus on shared global trends as they pertain to social, cultural, biological production atmospheres.

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Schéele, Fabian von. "Perceived and objective reality : a temporal perspective on economy in service organisations." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17126.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Economy for human'

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