Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Écoulements surface libre'
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Ata, Riadh. "Écoulements à surface libre avec la méthode SPH." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2002. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/821/1/ATA_Riadh.pdf.
Full textBouttes, François. "Simulation numérique des écoulements à surface libre avec turbulence." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD715.
Full textQuemar, Pierrick. "Modélisation et analyse numérique des écoulements à surface libre." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131022.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested by Finite Elements methods for the three-dimensional free surface Navier–Stokes equations under the ALE formulation. They enable to simulate geophysical flows. The initial and main goal is to analyse the existing limitations of these numerical methods and to provide perspectives of improvement, justified mathematically.This purpose helps us to present a review and improvement way for Telemac-3D, which is a hydrodynamics industrial software developed by the Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement of EDF R&D. Therefore, we analyse precisely and we evaluate this algorithm, with respect to the recent scientific publications. This software solves the free surface Navier–Stokes equations with the decomposition of the pressure through a hydrostatic part and a dynamic part. A major limitation is that the velocity field of the fluid is not divergence-free. Furthermore, we highlight a time restriction on the time step. Moreover, alternative approaches are studied and compared. In particular, we focus on a numerical strategy which consists in advecting the free surface, in updating the domain and in solving the Navier–Stokes equations. Based on this strategy, we analyze a first order explicit scheme in time with a Finite Elements stabilization term. The numerical method allows to ensure important properties : the mass conservation of the water quantity and the weak free divergence condition. We demonstrate that this scheme is conditionally stable in time. Besides, we propose a new variational formulation allowing to obtain a semi-implicit scheme in time combined with the Finite Elements method,which is stable independently from the velocity of the mesh and without an exact free divergence velocity.Finally, in order to expand the hydrodynamic knowledges, some simplified models used in other software developed by EDF R&D are studied. In particular, we focus on the mild-slope equation solved in the software Artemis [51]. It is an asymptotic model derived from the linear water wave equation. As a consequence, we study the hypothesis and the validity of the derivation. An approximate analytical solution is additionally derived for this purpose. Moreover, comparisons with other asymptotic models, such as the linear shallow water equation or the Helmholtz equation, are presented
Mougel, Jérôme. "Ondes et instabilités dans les écoulements tournants à surface libre." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14407/1/These_finale.pdf.
Full textCai, Wei. "Etude expérimentale des cavités latérales en écoulements à surface libre." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0062/document.
Full textLateral cavities are free-surface dead-zones located on the side of a fluvial or coastal main flow. As the typical velocities are much larger in the main flow than in the cavity, a mixing layer appears at the interface between both regions. This mixing layer is able to transfer between the main flow and the cavity momentum which then sets the fluid in the cavity in motion and also passive scalar, such as a pollution coming from upstream. The objective of this work was then to investigate the characteristics of the mixing layer, which specificity comes from the fact that it is constrained between the upstream and downstream geometrical corners. It was possible to observe the origin and alternation of the transversal fluid motions: from the cavity towards the main flow and conversely. Regarding the motion in the cavity, the choice was made to keep a constant main flow and to measure the 2D horizontal velocity field using PIV as the extension of the cavity increases. The flow pattern then passes from a 2-cell patterns aligned in the direction of the main flow to a single-cell pattern, then a 2-cells patterns aligned along the direction perpendicular to the main flow and finally a complex 3D pattern for the widest cavity. Then a modification of the experimental set-up permitted to investigate the passive scalar exchanges from the main stream towards the cavity. It was possible to understand the processes responsible for such transfer and to quantify the transfer capacity. The analysis dimensional revealed that in the present subcritical, smooth simplified geometry cavity, the three parameters possible responsible for the modification of the transfer capacity are the geometrical aspect ratio of the cavity, the Reynolds number of the main flow and finally the normalized water depth. It was then shown that the impact of the cavity geometry remains negligible but that the Reynolds number and the normalized water do impact this passive scalar transfer capacity
Schaer, Nicolas. "Modélisation des écoulements à surface libre de fluides non-newtoniens." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD033/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to develop a 3D numerical model to assess debris flow. These viscous flows, heavily loaded with solid matter, form when heavy rain occurs in mountains. Today, forecasts of potentially impacted areas are based on 0D, 1D and 2D numerical tools. However, these tools cannot fully represent the free surface behaviour of debris flows due to the approximations and assumptions on which they are based. Thus, this work utilises a 3D numerical code to study this phenomenon. A specific model is built with real field data. Several flow scenarios are studied and compared with a 2D numerical model. The results highlight the significant benefits of a 3D approach by providing information on the fine representation of flow dynamics over the catchment area. The model also predicts the impact of debris flow (overflowing on a road bridge) and the zones of deposition and spreading. It highlights possible congestion phenomena and reproduces flows in the channels by fully accounting for parietal friction, capabilities not provided by 2D models. Prior to this application, the 3D model was evaluated with five sets of experimental data to validate its ability to represent viscoplastic flows. Different types of flows are studied and are representative of those observed on real sites when debris flow occur
Pavan, Sara. "Nouveaux schémas de convection pour les écoulements à surface libre." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1011/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to build higher order and less diffusive schemes for pollutant transport in shallow water flows or 3D free surface flows. We want robust schemes which respect the main mathematical properties of the advection equation with relatively low numerical diffusion and apply them to environmental industrial applications. Two techniques are tested in this work: a classical finite volume method and a residual distribution technique combined with a finite element method. For both methods we propose a decoupled approach since it is the most advantageous in terms of accuracy and CPU time. Concerning the first technique, a vertex-centred finite volume method is used to solve the augmented shallow water system where the numerical flux is computed through an Harten-Lax-Van Leer-Contact Riemannsolver [135]. Starting from this solution, a decoupled approach is formulated and is preferred since it allows to compute with a larger time step the advection of a tracer. This idea was inspired by [13]. The Monotonic Upwind Scheme for Conservation Law [89], combined with the decoupled approach, is then used for the second order extension in space. The wetting and drying problem is also analysed and a possible solution is presented. In the second case, the shallow water system is entirely solved using the finite element technique and the residual distribution method is applied to the solution of the tracer equation, focusing on the case of time-dependent problems. However, for consistency reasons the resolution of the continuity equation must be considered in the numerical discretization of the tracer. In order to get second order schemes for unsteady cases a predictor-corrector scheme [112] is used in this work. A first order but less diffusive version of the predictor-corrector scheme is also introduced. Moreover, we also present a new locally semi-implicit version of the residual distribution method which, in addition to good properties in terms of accuracy and stability, has the advantage to cope with dry zones. The two methods are first validated on academical test cases with analytical solution in order to assess the order of the schemes. Then more complex cases are addressed to test the robustness of the schemes and their performance under different flow conditions. Finally a real test case for which real data are available is carried out. An extension of the predictor-corrector residual distribution schemes to the 3D case is presented as final contribution. Even in this case the RD technique is completely compatible with the finite element framework used for the Navier-Stokes equations, thus its extension to the 3D case does not present any extra theoretical problem. The method is tested on preliminary cases
Mercier, Jean-François. "Simulation des interactions entre les écoulements à surface libre et souterrain." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0020/MQ48867.pdf.
Full textWertel, Jonathan. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle des écoulements turbulents en conduite d'assainissement à surface libre." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6232.
Full textThe aim of this work is the interpolation of a mean flow stream from discreet data supplied by a Doppler velocimeter. This is why a precise flow modeling needs to be implemented in a code designed for sewer net conduit. A 2D mesh is used to calculate 3D velocity flow. This work deals with the description of a Reynolds stress model for the numerical modeling of uniform 3D turbulent open-channel flows. The turbulence model is low-Reynolds one in order to enable the viscosity-affected region to be resolved including the viscous sublayer. Therefore, in order to consider the damping effects at the free surface and the redistribution of turbulent kinetic energy effects at the wall, a combinations of (Shir, 1973), (Gibson & Launder, 1978) and (Cokljat, 1993) models are added to the pressure-strain term. The finite volume method is used for the numerical solution (with Matlab) of the flow equations and transport equations of the Reynolds stress components. K-ε model has been implanted to compare with the developed model; it is found that both production terms by anisotropy of Reynolds normal stress and by Reynolds shear stress contribute to the generation of secondary currents. The results presented here are compared with results predicted by the RSM model of (Kang & Choi, 2005) employing wall functions and with experimental data of (Nezu & Rodi, 1985). There is a good agreement between the measurements and the results predicted. Effects of low corner’s wall shear stress on Reynolds stress are underlined. The computed flow vectors in the plane normal to the main flow direction show secondary currents and moreover a small vortex, called inner secondary currents, located at the juncture of the sidewall and the free surface. Then experimental cases are modeled, good agreement of flow rate predicted with measurement was found. Finally test bench has been created for velocity channel measurements. An automated portal structure has been assembled all around a 20m long channel to fix onto the ADV and PIV sensors
Al, Mikdad Ouacim. "Modélisation des écoulements à surface libre en réseaux maillés et ramifiés." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1322.
Full textLabiod, Chouaib. "Écoulement à surface libre sur fond de rugosité inhomogène." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000135/.
Full textWe present new experimental results and, as well analytical as numerical modelling of free surface flows developing on a bottom with transverse gradient of roughness. This gradient, with the anisotropy of turbulence, is at the origin of secondary flows. We determined the transverse evolution of the mean velocity and of the Reynolds tensor components, using a laser Doppler anemometer. Then we obtained the transverse distribution of the wall shear stress, the origin of the logarithmic law and the roughness function. The interpretation of the evolution of the vertical profiles of longitudinal and vertical fluctuations is based on analytical solutions obtained from an algebraic stress model. These solutions are established in the wall zone or in the vicinity of the free surface. Numerical simulations of parallel and non-parallel flows are then discussed. The first results are promising although improvements could be introduced in order to better take into account the interactions close to the free surface and the side-wall
Decoene, Astrid. "Modèle hydrostatique pour les écoulements à surface libre tridimensionnels et schémas numériques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180003.
Full textNous proposons d'une part une nouvelle formulation variationnelle du problème hydrostatique aboutissant à un problème semi-discretisé en temps bien posé. Nous en faisons l'analyse mathématique et nous montrons quelques résultats numériques obtenus après programmation de l'approximation de ce problème dans le logiciel Telemac-3D développé au Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement (LNHE) d'edf.
D'autre part, nous étudions la réinterprétation dans le cadre ALE de la méthode de discrétisation verticale de domaines tridimensionnels appelée transformation sigma, et nous en proposons une généralisation permettant d'améliorer la représentation des stratifications dans un écoulement
Finalement, nous présentons un schéma ALE-MURD conservatif pour la résolution des équations de convection linéaires posées sur un domaine mobile. Une condition particulière doit être vérifiée afin que le schéma soit conservatif lorsque le domain bouge effectivement. Nous montrons comment assurer cette contrainte dans le cas particulier où le domaine est tridimensionnel et ne bouge que selon la verticale. Ce résultat est illustré dans le cadre des écoulements à surface libre en dimension trois.
Ata, Riadh. "Développement de méthodes particulaires pour la résolution des écoulements à surface libre." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1/1/ATA_Riadh.pdf.
Full textChang, Philippe. "Modélisation des écoulements turbulents à surface libre par éléments finis de frontière." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25742/25742.pdf.
Full textBuil, Nathalie. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle du transport de polluants dans les écoulements à surface libre." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10059.
Full textLe, Coz Olivier. "Un schéma équilibré pour les écoulements à surface libre instationnaires avec bathymétrie." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10606.
Full textDecoene, Astrid. "Modèle hydrostatique pour les écoulements à surface libre tridimensionnels et chémas numériques." Paris 6, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180003.
Full textCherfils, Jean-Marc. "Développements et applications de la méthode SPH aux écoulements visqueux à surface libre." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00607041.
Full textWahl, Fabien. "Modélisation et analyse des interactions entre écoulements à surface libre et objets flottants." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS487.
Full textThis thesis is about the modeling and the numerical approximation of flows in the presence of a structure at the surface. We consider the floating body problem on a large space scale. It is motivated by applications for geophysical phenomena such as flows under the ice floe and renewable energy production using wave energy converters. We derive a shallow water model with a supplementary congestion constraint. The congestion constraint is a challenging problem for the numerical approximation of hyperbolic equations. Thus we propose a unified model based on a pseudo-compressible relaxation for the resolution. We identify the mandatory properties for the numerical scheme and describe the adaptation of a numerical scheme based on a finite volume method. The well-balanced property and the dissipation of mechanical energy are ensured under a non-restrictive condition on the time step. To take into account freely floating objects, we introduce a coupling between the congested shallow water model and the equations given by Newton's second law of motion and focus on the energy of the coupled system. Indeed, the latter is of major interest for energy production. A Newmark scheme is used to solve the solid dynamics and coupled to the fluid scheme. We propose an entropy correction based on an adapted choice of discretization for the coupling terms in order to ensure a dissipation law at the discrete level. A validation is established in the one dimensional case using stationary and non-stationary analytical solutions
Vigié, Franc. "Étude expérimentale d'un écoulement à surface libre au-dessus d'un obstacle." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00001382/.
Full textFree-surface flows over a single two-dimensional obstacle placed on the channel bottom wall are investigated in this work. The main objective is to determine the obstacle role and its influence on the flow dynamics. Two obstacles, a semi-cylinder and a flat gaussian one are used in this work. For both obstacles, free-surface profiles in the channel centerline are performed using water depth measurements. These profiles are classified in surface waves regimes, depending on the flow parameters: the Froude number and the blocking factor, which compares the height and the undisturbed water depth. Hydrodynamic in the obstacle vicinity is characterized with two-dimensional velocity fields measurements. Mean-velocity-field topology and the turbulence structure are analysed. Some of physical mechanisms, which control the free-surface shape and the local structure of the flow are exhibited
Florens, Emma. "Couche limite turbulente dans les écoulements à surface libre : étude expérimentale d'effets de macro-rugosités." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1285/.
Full textIn the case of turbulent rough flows, according to the wall boundary layers theory, the boundary layer is composed of three sublayers : the outer layer, the roughness sublayer and an overlap between the two sublayers. Under the assumption of invariance under the transverse direction, and for ratios h/D low (h roughness height, D water depth), the theory predicts that the longitudinal mean velocity profile follows a logarithmic law in the overlap layer. This log-law provides access to the wall parameters, as the roughness length z0, and can also estimate the coefficient of friction necessary to close the St Venant equations vertically integrated. However, in presence of macro-roughnesses, i. E. For h/D important, or in presence of a inhomogeneous rough bed, the question of the logarithmic law validity arises. An experimental study of two macro-roughnesses effects has been made : the confinement effect and the transverse variation of macro-roughnesses effect. The regimen were generated in a large open-channel (20m x 1. 1mx 0. 5m), and macro-rough beds were made with 20 mm plastic cubes. 2D PIV technique was used. New measurement technologies, such as BK7 glass cubes, were used to measure the velocity field between the roughness elements with high spatial resolution. In the case of homogeneous rough bed, it was revealed that the similarity of the outer layer is observed for confinement numbers h/D < 0. 33. For strong confinement (h/D > 0. 15), the friction velocity u*, related to the intensity of friction generated at the wall, is no longer the characteristic scale of the flow velocity. In the case of flows over inhomogeneous rough bed, a preliminary study was made to observe the effect of secondary currents generated by the change of roughness on the outer layer similarity
Le, Touzé David. "Méthodes spectrales pour la modélisation non-linéaire d'écoulements à surface libre instationnaires." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370200.
Full textUn bilan des différentes approches spectrales employées jusqu'à présent en hydrodynamique navale est d'abord dressé, étayant le choix des techniques développées au cours de ce travail. L'étude des propriétés de ces techniques est ensuite réalisée sur le ‘noyau' de la méthode, i.e. une cuve tri-dimensionnelle de géométrie figée. En particulier, différentes techniques High-Order Spectral sont comparées entre elles et à la méthode directe, et une nouvelle variante est proposée. Des validations sur des cas de lâchers de surface libre et d'oscillations forcées de surface libre sont présentées et confrontées à diverses méthodes.
L'approche est ensuite étendue, à partir de ce ‘noyau' et au moyen de stratégies de ‘potentiel additionnel', donnant lieu au développement de divers modèles. Ainsi, des houles non-linéaires sont modélisées à l'aide de doublets tournants instationnaires spécifiquement développés. Des cas de reproduction de signaux temporels cibles à une distance, et de génération et propagation de houle irrégulière sont présentés. De plus, une caractéristique avantageuse d'une telle approche spectrale est exploitée pour proposer des modèles originaux de diffraction autour de corps. Ceux-ci allient une génération de houle par méthode spectrale à des modèles de diffraction en fluide parfait ou visqueux, formulés en changement de variable. Des exemples illustratifs de diffraction de cette houle autour de corps bi- ou tri-dimensionnels sont proposés.
Enfin, un modèle original de simulation complète, au second-ordre, du processus de génération et propagation en bassin de houle tri-dimensionnel est réalisé. Il inclut la modélisation de différents batteurs, ainsi qu'un modèle d'absorption, permettant notamment de reproduire les caractéristiques complètes du nouveau bassin de houle de l'École Centrale de Nantes. Ce modèle est validé par comparaison à une solution analytique en régime établi et ses propriétés numériques sont étudiées. L'investigation des ondes libres et leur suppression, ainsi que la caractérisation de zones utiles sont proposées à titre d'application.
Gutiérrez-Matus, Pablo. "Effects on the free surface of a turbulent flow." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/92/19/54/PDF/PGutierrez-PhdThesis20131219.pdf.
Full textWe study surface manifestations of a turbulent flow from an experimental point of view. Specifically we study a turbulent flow in a thin layer of fluid (a liquid metal) with free surface. The flow is generated with an electromagnetic force. It exhibits interacting vortices, shear bands and waves, depending on the forcing conditions. We explored three consequences of the horizontal turbulent motion as observed on the surface: Surface deformation itself; the effects on propagating waves; and the effects on floating particles. Concerning the surface deformation: when the forcing strength is increased, we observe a linear increase of the surface level r. M. S. Fluctuations up to 10% of the liquid layer thickness. Largest deformations, however, can reach a half of the layer thickness. Surface deformation is mainly produced by vortices, thus it is asymmetric through values under the mean. This contrast with observations in random sea waves and wave turbulence, were an asymmetry appears as well --this time through values above the mean--, as a consequence of sharp crests in steep gravity waves. The frequency spectrum of the deformation follows a power-law with an exponent close to -5, similar to the singularity spectrum of Phillips. Thus, we presented the statistical signature of vortical motion. We considered another aspect of the wave-turbulence relation: we mechanically induced a monochromatic wave over the turbulent flow. We measure a reduction and widening of the wave spectral peak that happens when turbulent motion is increased. Also, we computed coherent averages to emphasize the wavy part of the signal. We observe a spatial decay in wave content when turbulent motion is increased. Therefore, we quantified the enhancement of wave attenuation due to turbulence, and we observed its non trivial dependence on the wave frequency. Concerning dynamics of floating particles: We observe that particles have the tendency to form clusters, and we confirm this observation by developing a statistical method based on the areas defined by the position of three nearest neighbors. This tool allows us to clearly identify particles belonging to a cluster. Indeed, clustered particles exhibit much stronger velocity and angular correlations than the unconditioned case. Several mechanisms are susceptible to induce clustering of floating particles. We identify (i) particles' inertia, (ii) upwelling/downwelling flows and (iii) surface tension. For each mechanism we construct suitable quantities, which we correlate with the cumulated concentration of particles. These correlations suggest upwelling and downwelling motions as responsible for particles clustering
Oukacine, Marina. "Étude expérimentale et numérique des écoulements à surface libre en présence d'obstacles émergés et faiblement submergés." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1019.
Full textAccording to the Ministry of Ecological and Solidarity Transition, floods are the main natural risk in France. As a result of climate change, extreme floods will become more frequent. People and property, such as housing and industrial installations, must therefore be protected against these floods for which data are very scarce or even non-existent. When moving from low to extreme flooding, the spatial extent of flooding in the floodplain varies greatly. The nature of the obstacles encountered varies: low vegetation, trees, houses... These hydraulic obstacles or macro-roughnesses can be emerged, or slightly submerged.The purpose of this thesis work is to analyze the dominant physical processes associated with extreme flood flows in the presence of emerged or slightly submerged obstacles. This thesis is organized in two parts: an experimental part and a numerical part.The experimental part concerns the exploration, in a laboratory channel, of the vertical structure of the velocity profile and the geometric effects related to the studied configuration representing an urbanized floodplain with immersion rates of (dollar symbol) D/h = 0.42, 0.93, 0.98(dollar symbol) and (dollar symbol)1.48(dollar symbol) ((dollar symbol) D(dollar symbol) being the water depth and (dollar symbol)h(dollar symbol) the obstacle height). ADV and PIV measurements of mean velocities and turbulent fluctuations have shown that flow properties change significantly depending on whether the obstacles are emerged or slightly submerged. The interactions between vortex detachment, the free surface, obstacles, and bottom roughness are studied.The numerical part analyses different types of modelling conventionally used to simulate flood events. The experimental case of the thesis serves as a reference.First, an analytical model based on the conservation of momentum of an elementary hydraulic volume allows considering different models of the overall flow resistance to obstacles in a uniform regime. The first simple model integrates the resistance to flow due to bottom friction and obstacles in a single "friction" type term. A second model divides the flow resistance into two parts: a bottom friction term and an obstacle resistance, represented by a drag coefficient. The obstruction to the flow is then represented by a porosity coefficient.The analysis focuses on the ability to use friction or drag coefficients calibrated for the lowest flow rates to simulate high flow rates, and in particular, the transition from emergent to submergent obstacle flows.Then, the obstacles are explicitly represented in a two-dimensional Shallow-Water model. Mesh convergence is studied and a comparative analysis of experimental and simulated results is conducted.Furthermore, the ingluence of the geometric distribution of obstacles on the vertical profile of the average longitudinal velocity is studied with 3D-LES model using Code_Saturne. The experimental results serve as a reference case for validation.Recommendations are made for how to model these flows for operational applications
Zaouali, Sahbi. "Structure et modélisation d'écoulements à surface libre dans des canaux de rugosité inhomogène." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7702/1/zaouali.pdf.
Full textDarbani, Mohsen. "Approche sans maillage basée sur la Méthode des Eléments Naturels (NEM), pour les écoulements bidimensionnels à surface libre." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1851.
Full textSolving equation with free surface often encounters numerical difficulties related to excessive mesh distortion as is the case of dambreak or breaking waves. In this work we explore the meshfree technique based on the Natural Element Method(NEM) to simulate the 2D fluid flow in presence of strong gradients. The equations considered here are those of Saint-Venant shallow water where we consider the full non-linear equations, with a transient flow under the Coriolis effect. The nonlinear terms are computed by using a Lagrangian technique based on the method of the characteristics. This will allow us to avoid setting up a numerical algorithm, like Newton-Raphson’s, which tend to extend the computing time. However, the management of boundary conditions remains a major difficulty in meshless methods. We have therefore defined a thin geometrical domain close to the boundaries and a domain for computing that will be submitted to nodal enrichment, when the particles leave the computational domain
Verdier-Bonnet, Claire. "Modélisation des écoulements côtiers stratifiés à surface libre et paramétrisation de la turbulence : application à la dissémination larvaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX22103.
Full textRocha, da silva Luisa Alexandra. "Écoulements viscoélastiques et compressibles avec application à la simulation 3D de l'injection de polymères." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001274.
Full textGutiérrez-Matus, Pablo. "Effets induits en surface par un écoulement turbulent." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00921954.
Full textBa, Malick. "Contribution au calcul des écoulements autour de corps minces en dérapage perçant la surface libre par une méthode de surface portante avec singularités de Kelvin." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2260.
Full textRamanakoto, Toky Nandrasana. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale des écoulements à surface libre : application à l'interaction de sillages et à l'écoulement dans un sluice artisanal." Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0012/document.
Full textTwo major areas are focused in the thesis. The first investigates the interference due to a wake-pattern of non-profiled obstacles (such as one or two cylinder in tandem). The second characterizes the zone of recirculation inside an artisanal sluice-boxe, which is a device for gold extraction. The work contributes to the study of the flow of a free-surface using experimental methods. Also, a few approaches is combined for the investigation. In this regard, the near-wake pattern of the flow is examined using an embedded CCD camera, correlated to a PIV measurement of the velocity fields and the hydrodynamic forces. We found that a cylinder of uniform motion, accelerated or decelerated, is characterized by: the drag and the lift forces, the envelopes of maxima, the length of the recirculation zone and the local Strouhal number. The Strouhal number approaches the value of 0.4 next to a free-surface and a breaking wave is observed in-between two peaks of the lift force. We modeled the interference between two structures using a succession of two cylinders. The proximity parameter B tends to an increase of the recirculation length for a symmetrical arrangement.Our methods and the experimental procedures are applied for the examination of a turbulent hydrodynamic flow inside a sluice. Tests were performed on gold sites in Madagascar. This permitted the collection of information concerning the optimum parameters for an extraction. The obtained values form the basis of our laboratory work and are applied to a scaled model for validation. An experimental flow model, made of four distinct zones, is derived from a monitored PIV data and a statistical analysis of a multi-variable POD snapshot. The results are validated through simulations using the package ANSYS 14.5. The investigation shows that a closer riffles reduces the region for heavy minerals deposition
Zokagoa, Jean-Marie. "Modélisation numérique des écoulements à surface libre avec bancs couvrants-découvrants par les volumes finis et la décomposition orthogonale aux valeurs propres." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/947/1/ZOKAGOA_Jean%2DMarie.pdf.
Full textAnda, Ondo Diemer. "Modélisation et analyse des systèmes à paramètres distribués non linéaires par la méthode de Boltzmann sur réseau : application aux écoulements à surface libre." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00860782.
Full textDebiane, Khaled. "Hydraulique des écoulements laminaires à surface libre dans un canal pour des milieux visqueux ou viscoplastiques : régimes uniforme, graduellement varié, et rupture de barrage." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10199.
Full textHamroun, Boussad. "Approche hamiltonienne à ports pour la modélisation, la réduction et la commande des systèmes non linéaires à paramètres distribués : application aux écoulements à surface libre." Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0119.
Full textA port hamiltonian formulation for shallow water equations is given. It exhibits trivially some interesting properties like passivity and energy conservation. Using a geometric reduction scheme based on mixed finite elements methods, a reduced port hamiltonian model was derived. This reduction preserves the dynamical qualitative properties of the original model. We show that the reduced port Hamiltonian model exhibits interesting spectral and input-output properties which converge two those of infinite dimensional model. A control algorithm which allows regulating the flow and water level are designed using the IDA-PBC and energy shaping method. The energy shaping method was generalized to the infinite dimensional model. Simulation results and an experimental validation of the control algorithm on a micro-canal platform are presented showing the effectiveness of the control law
Cathala, Mathieu. "Problématiques d'analyse numérique et de modélisation pour écoulements de fluides environnementaux." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874928.
Full textCathala, Mathieu. "Problématiques d’analyse numérique et de modélisation pour écoulements de fluides environnementaux." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20096/document.
Full textThis work investigates two research questions associated with environmental flows and their mathematical modeling.The first part is devoted to the development of finite volume methods for anisotropic and heterogeneous diffusion operators arising in models of porous media flows. To ensure that the approximate solutions lie within physical bounds, we aim at maintaining a discrete analogous of the maximum principle for elliptic operators. Starting from any given cell-centered finite volume scheme, we present a general approach to devise non-linear corrections providing a discrete maximum principle while retaining some main properties of the scheme. In particular, we study the coercivity and convergence properties of the modified schemes.The second part of this work focuses on the derivation of approximate models for shallow water wave propagation over rough topographies. In the particular case of one-dimensional polygonal bottom profiles, we first propose an adaptation of the usual derivation method using complex analysis tools. We then develop a formal approach to account for more general topographies. We propose nonlocal alternatives to some classical models (namely Saint-Venant equations, Serre equations and Boussinesq system). All these alternative models only involve smoothing contributions of the bottom
Wen, Yang. "Experimental and numerical investigations of rotating flows with deformable free surface." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS455.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the understanding of instabilities in rotating flows with deformable free surface. The configuration under study is a cylindrical container partially filled with water or water-glycerin mixture and the rotation is driven by a disk located at the bottom. In such flow, several families of instability patterns can be triggered depending on the flow parameters (Froude and Reynolds numbers and aspect ratio). As a mean of investigation, steady and unsteady simulations are conducted using the two in-house codes ROSE and Sunfluidh, in conjunction with experiments. The novelty lies in two-phase numerical simulations with strongly deformed interface and large density ratio between the phases, in accurate surface height and Laser-Doppler Velocimetry measurements, and in cross validations between numerical and experimental techniques. The base flow is first carefully described. Axisymmetric steady solutions show the structure of the rotating flow: a central solid body rotation and a toroidal flow cell located at the periphery, the intensity and geometry of which are characterized. Focusing on Reynolds numbers large enough so that boundary layers form at solid walls, two additional layers are described: an internal layer at the edge of the central region and a layer under the free surface never reported before. This flow structure is shown to be robust as Froude number is varied. Three-dimensional unsteady simulations reveal that the time and space averaged flow shows many similarities with steady axisymmetric solutions and that the surface remains almost flat even though three-dimensional large structure instabilities have developed in the bulk. Through this full numerical approach corroborated by velocity measurements, the flow structure is thus clarified and compared to the simplified models used in the literature. The transient spin-up dynamics of a fluid from rest are also investigated for two configurations, namely Newton's bucket and the bottom-driven flow. Experimental surface height and velocity evolution are found in very good agreement with axisymmetric unsteady simulations. These results are meant to serve as a benchmark for unsteady rotating two-phase flow simulations. Large amplitude three-dimensional surface deformation waves known as rotating polygons are eventually studied experimentally. These patterns are usually observed at very large Reynolds number. Conducting investigations in more viscous flow regimes, the link between bulk and surface polygon instabilities is tentatively elucidated. Through a spectral analysis of surface deformation and velocity measurements, the phase-velocity to disk speed ratio is found to be close to 1/3 for rotating polygons whereas it is 2/3 for the bulk instability
Aigle, Pascal. "Stabilisation des talus de déblai par les techniques de drainage - simulation numérique des écoulements tridimentionnels à surface libre - Évaluation de l'augmentation de stabilité par méthode tridimensionnelle à la rupture." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10037.
Full textZavattero, Elodie. "Intégration de modélisation à surface libre dans un système d’aide à la décision : application à la Basse Vallée du Var, France." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4004/document.
Full textNowadays, the coastal areas concentrate frequently densely populated cities where economic development is associated to a fast urbanization. In many locations rivers are integrated within the urban areas and present both resources and potential risks. The growing competition between the economic activities and the essential space for the rivers requests an efficient management based on reliable tools able to provide hydrological information. Typically, the Lower Var valley, in south of France, faces to an increase of human activities, and the social impacts on the natural environment have become more and more intensive. Therefore, the water cycle is unbalanced implying water problems. To deal with this issue, local authorities needs a Decision Support System (DSS) tool to simulate the behaviour of water system. This is the objective of the AquaVar research which includes three numerical models: Mike SHE for the Var catchment, Mike 21FM for the Lower Var River, and Feflow for the aquifer. Here, the research is focused on the 2D free surface flow model and its integration in the DSS tool.The 2D hydraulic models represent a meaningful approach that can provide an accurate view on the physical processes within the river and on the hydrodynamics during the extreme events (inundation, drought and accidental pollution). The 2D free surface flow model is designed with Mike 21FM software using common methodology. It is calibrated and validated for the three specific weather conditions in the Lower Var valley: floods which occur in November, spring floods due to snow melting and droughts in summer. Not only the 2D hydraulic model allows to simulate scenarios of inundation and accidental pollutions, but it is also able to exchange water volume with the groundwater model developed with Feflow. A specific interface is developed to connect river and aquifer in the Lower Var valley. It required validation cases to accurately simulate the river-aquifer exchanges.Obviously, Mike 21FM is finally the core of the DSS tool because it is the centre of the modelling system. The hydrodynamics of the river depends on precipitations converted in flow by Mike SHE model, and exchanges water volume with the aquifer modelled by Feflow. The last part of this research is dedicated to the construction of the DSS tool and the integration of the 2D hydraulic model. The modelling system is implemented in a web interface adapted for different types of users. This DSS tool can be easily updated by sharing data from all the stakeholders. In the future, this tool could integrate sewage network and drinking water supply system to consider all the water cycle. Hence, local authorities could forecast and control the water resources and the potential risks
Mahfoud, Ould Amy. "Modélisation numérique des écoulements et des déformations dans les barrages en terre construits sur des sols mous." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529472.
Full textErsoy, Mehmet. "Modélisation, analyse mathématique et numérique de divers écoulements compressibles ou incompressibles en couche mince." Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529392.
Full textLelievre, Tony. "Analyse mathématique et numérique de modèles pour les matériaux, de l'échelle microscopique à l'échelle macroscopique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392808.
Full textL'essentiel de nos travaux les plus récents sur le sujet concerne le comportement en temps long de ces modèles, avec un double objectif : théoriquement, la compréhension des modèles physiques passe souvent par l'étude de la stabilité des solutions stationnaires, et de la vitesse de convergence vers l'équilibre ; numériquement, la stabilité des schémas en temps long est cruciale, car on utilise typiquement des simulations instationnaires en temps long pour calculer des solutions stationnaires. Nous montrons comment analyser le comportement des modèles micro-macro en temps long, en utilisant des méthodes d'entropie. Cette étude a ensuite permis de comprendre le comportement en temps long de modèles macroscopiques standard (type Oldroyd-B), et de préciser sous quelles conditions les schémas numériques vérifient des propriétés similaires de stabilité en temps long.
La seconde partie du mémoire résume des travaux en simulation moléculaire, à l'échelle quantique, ou à l'échelle de la dynamique moléculaire classique. A l'échelle quantique, nous nous intéressons aux méthodes Quantum Monte Carlo. Il s'agit de méthodes numériques probabilistes pour calculer l'état fondamental d'une molécule (plus petite valeur propre de l'opérateur de Schrödinger à N corps). Essentiellement, il s'agit de donner une interprétation probabiliste du problème par des formules de Feynman-Kac, afin de pouvoir appliquer des méthodes de Monte Carlo (bien adaptées pour des problèmes de ce type, en grande dimension). Nous proposons tout d'abord une étude théorique de la méthode Diffusion Monte Carlo, et notamment
d'un biais introduit par l'interprétation probabiliste (appelé fixed node approximation). Nous analysons ensuite les méthodes numériques utilisées en Diffusion Monte Carlo, et proposons une nouvelle stratégie pour améliorer l'échantillonnage des méthodes Variational Monte Carlo.
En dynamique moléculaire, nous étudions des méthodes numériques pour le calcul de différences d'énergie libre. Les modèles consistent à décrire l'état d'un système par la position (et éventuellement la vitesse) de particules (typiquement les positions des noyaux dans un système moléculaire), qui interagissent au travers d'un potentiel (qui idéalement proviendrait d'un calcul de mécanique quantique pour déterminer l'état fondamental des électrons pour une position donnée des noyaux). L'objectif est de calculer des moyennes par rapport à la mesure de Boltzmann-Gibbs associée à ce potentiel (moyennes dans l'ensemble canonique). Mathématiquement, il s'agit d'un problème d'échantillonnage de mesures métastables (ou multi-modales), en très grande dimension. La particularité de la dynamique moléculaire est que, bien souvent, on a quelques informations sur les "directions de métastabilité" au travers de coordonnées de réaction. En utilisant cette donnée, de nombreuses méthodes ont été proposées pour permettre l'échantillonnage de la mesure de Boltzmann-Gibbs. Dans une série de travaux, nous avons analysé les méthodes basées sur des équations différentielles stochastiques avec contraintes (dont les solutions vivent sur des sous-variétés définies comme des lignes de niveaux de la coordonnée de réaction). Il s'agit en fait d'analyser des méthodes d'échantillonnage de mesures définies sur des sous-variétés de grande dimension. Plus récemment, nous avons étudié des méthodes adaptatives qui ont été proposées pour se débarrasser des métastabilités. Mathématiquement, il s'agit de méthodes d'échantillonnage préférentiel, avec une fonction d'importance qui est calculée au cours de la simulation de manière adaptative. Nous avons étudié la vitesse de convergence vers la mesure d'équilibre pour ces méthodes adaptatives, en utilisant des méthodes d'entropie. Nous avons proposé de nouvelles méthodes numériques à la communauté appliquée pour utiliser au mieux ces idées.
La troisième partie du mémoire résume des travaux issus d'une collaboration avec l'entreprise Rio Tinto (anciennement Pechiney puis Alcan), leader mondial pour la technologie des cuves d'électrolyse de l'aluminium. Cette collaboration a été entamée il y a plusieurs années par C. Le Bris, et notamment au travers de la thèse de J-F. Gerbeau. Mathématiquement, il s'agit d'analyser et de discrétiser les équations de la magnétohydrodynamique pour deux fluides incompressibles non miscibles, séparés par une interface libre. Nous expliquons le contexte industriel et la modélisation, nous résumons la méthode numérique adoptée (méthode Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) et donnons quelques propriétés satisfaites par le schéma (stabilité, conservation de la masse). Nous montrons ensuite comment ce modèle permet d'étudier un phénomène (potentiellement déstabilisant) observé dans les cuves d'électrolyse : le rolling. Ces résultats ont été pour la plupart obtenus durant la thèse.
Plus récemment, dans le prolongement de l'étude industrielle, nous nous sommes intéressés à un problème de modélisation fondamentale pour les écoulements à surface (ou interface) libre: le mouvement de la ligne de contact (i.e. le bord de la surface libre qui glisse le long de la paroi). En résumé, nos travaux consistent essentiellement en deux contributions: (i) une compréhension variationnelle d'une condition aux limites permettant de modéliser correctement le mouvement de la ligne de contact (Generalized Navier Boundary Condition), et son implémentation dans un schéma Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian, (ii) une analyse de la stabilité du schéma obtenu.
Nouri, Nowrouz Mohammad. "Dynamique du tourbillon dans un écoulement potentiel avec surface libre." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL105N.
Full textKuzhir, Pavel. "ECOULEMENT DES FLUIDES MAGNETIQUES DANS DES CAPILLAIRES ET MILIEUX POREUX SOUS L'EFFET D'UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008824.
Full textLe contrôle de l'écoulement est réalisé par l'effet du champ sur la surface libre ou sur la rhéologie de ces fluides et également par l'intermédiaire des forces magnétiques qui attirent le fluide dans les régions où le champ est le plus fort. On a établi les lois de comportement statique et dynamique de la surface d'un ferrofluide dans un capillaire en présence d'un champ magnétique homogène. Une diminution par un facteur deux du saut de pression sur le ménisque a lieu dans un fort champ longitudinal appliqué suivant l'axe du capillaire. La diminution du saut de pression dans un champ transversal induit un ralentissement de la pénétration capillaire du ferrofluide, ce qui permet de contrôler le temps de remplissage dans une plage de 60%.
On a généralisé le modèle de cisaillement simple d'un fluide MR, avec des agrégats en forme de chaînes, au cas d'un champ magnétique d'orientation quelconque par rapport à l'écoulement. Sur la base de ce modèle on a obtenu la dépendance théorique de la contrainte seuil dynamique en fonction de l'orientation du champ. Cette dépendance est utilisée pour calculer les profils de vitesse et les caractéristiques débit-pression dans des écoulements de Poiseuille d'un fluide MR dans des capillaires et des milieux poreux en présence d'un champ homogène d'orientation quelconque. Les courbes expérimentales débit-pression confirment bien la théorie et indiquent une possibilité d'augmenter la pression de trois ordres de grandeur.
On a appliqué un modèle d' écoulement biphasique pour simuler un blocage de l'écoulement d'un fluide MR dans un capillaire en présence d'une forte inhomogénéité de champ magnétique. Expérimentalement et théoriquement on a montré que la pression de blocage est à peu près 2 fois moins grande que la pression nécessaire pour relancer un écoulement bloqué.
Les résultats de ce travail forment une base théorique pour le développement de systèmes hydrauliques adaptatifs, et plus particulièrement de systèmes de vibroprotection.
Atwa, Mohamed. "Analyse numérique des écoulements d'eau et de la consolidation des sols autour de tunnels creusés dans l'argile." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523305.
Full textHan, Lei. "Recirculation à l’aval de l’élargissement brusque d’un écoulement à surface libre peu profond." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0005/document.
Full textThe present research focuses on the recirculation zone developing downstream of an expansion in a shallow open-channel flow with a specific attention on its length. The work consists of combined experimental and numerical approaches. The dimensional analysis and previous studies permit to express the dimensionless recirculation length as a function of 3 parameters: the friction number S, the ratio between the water depth and the expansion step h/d and the geometrical aspect ratio Rb. Nevertheless, varying either S or h/d on the experimental set-up without affecting the other is a complicated task which was not performed by previous studies. Following this approach permitted to obtain an unexpected bell shape for the L/d=f(S) curve, differing form the literature results. In order to improve the approach and vary S and h/d independently, a 3D numerical campaign was performed and proved that L/d actually depends both on S and h/d parameters and that the bell shape is in fact the consequence of the opposite influence of both parameters. Moreover, the precise experimental analysis of themixing layer at the frontier between the main flow and the recirculation for flows with different S and h/d values showed that the recirculation length is governed by the lateral confinement due to the reattachment wall and the size of the eddies present in the mixing layer. Hence, an integral approach is adopted, using balances of momentum and of energy at the whole flow scale, showing: i) that the shear force exerted along the mixing layer is negligible compared to the other forces and ii) that the meaning of S parameter is to quantify the intensity of the bottom friction of the whole flow on these balance. The following regimes can thus be encountered: i) according to the bed friction S values, the flow can be non-frictional (small S) or frictional (large S) and ii) according to the relative water depth, the flow can be vertically unconfined (large h/d) or confined (small h/d). An empirical correlation permitting to estimate the recirculation length L/d as a function of S, Rb and h/d is finally obtained and appears to fairly fit the numerical calculations and experimental measurements
Heniche, Mourad. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle par éléments finis d'écoulements à surface libre." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD801.
Full textVille, Laurence. "Modélisation multiphasique et calcul d'interface dans les procédés de mise en œuvre des propergols." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00677696.
Full textAgeorges, ValentIn. "Écoulement et entraînement d’air autour d’un cylindre vertical partiellement immergé." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH23.
Full textThe flow past ships or an emerged body such as bridge pilar, is a fundamental, familiar and fascinating sight.Measurements and modelling of this simple flow can have relevance to offshore structures and renewable energy systems. The interaction of such structures with marine environment lead to drag, lift forces and free-surface effects.Our current problem is simplified by considering cylindrical geometry. This work presents experimental results, in which vertical cylinders are translated at constant speed through water initially at rest, and numerical results using YALES2 computing code based on finite volume method. The cylinders are partially immersed, then the motion induces turbulent wake and free-surface deformation. The flow is governed by the Reynolds and Froude numbers defined with cylinder diameter. The explored range of parameters are in the regime of turbulent wake with experiments carried out for Reynolds number up to 240 000, and Froude number up to 2.4. The focus here is on drag force measurements and strong free-surface deformation up to rupture and air-entrainment. Two modes of air-entraiment have been observed: (i) in the wake of the cylinder and (ii) in a cavity along the cylinder wall. Results are as follows. First, a scaling for the critical velocity for air-entrainment in the cavity proportional to D1/5 proposed by Benusiglio is recovered. Secondly, drag coefficients measured by piezoelectric sensors are smaller in two phase flow compared to monophasic case, and air-entrainment in the cavity enhances this decrease. Numerically, YALES2 uses level-set method for the descirption of the free-surface, and is able to reproduce air-entrainment phenomenon, free-surface deformations and flow dynamics around the cylinder. The present work expands the range of dimensionless parameters and highlights free-surface effects on drag forces