Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ecuadorian Art

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ecuadorian Art'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

1

Idrovo, René. "Reflections of the Everyday. Exploring the essence of Ecuadorian cinema through <i>Ratas, Ratones, Rateros</i>." Ñawi 8, no. 2 (July 15, 2024): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37785/nw.v8n2.a4.

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This essay analyzes the film Ratas, Ratones, Rateros (1999), by Ecuadorian director Sebastián Cordero, as a reflection of the social problems that affect contemporary Ecuador. Through a textual analysis of the work, it is examined how the main characters, two cousins ​​who are dedicated to theft and crime, represent the Creole liveliness, social resentment and corruption that are some of the characteristic features of Ecuadorian society. Likewise, the film is contextualized with the political and economic scenario of the country at the end of the nineties, marked by the banking crisis, dollarization and government instability. The conclusion to be reached is that Ecuadorian cinema, more than a nationalist art, functions as a mirror of daily reality; as a reflection of the identity and social problems of Ecuadorians.
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Molinari-Novoa, Eduardo Antonio. "Magnolia arroyoana, a new name for Magnolia crassifolia (Magnoliaceae)." Phytotaxa 257, no. 2 (April 18, 2016): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.257.2.12.

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Magnolia crassifolia Arroyo & Pérez in Arroyo et al. (2013: 501) is a South American species known only from the type collection, which comes from primary forest found in the Ecuadorian province of Zamora Chinchipe, near the Peruvian-Ecuadorian border. However, it is an illegitimate later homonym of M. crassifolia Göppert (1852: 277), a fossil taxon described on the basis of leaf impressions found in Silesia, Germany. Therefore, the south American species requires a new name (Art 6. 11 of the ICN, McNeill et al. 2012), which is proposed below.
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Olson, Christa J. "“Raíces Americanas”: Indigenist Art, América, and Arguments for Ecuadorian Nationalism." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 42, no. 3 (May 2012): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773945.2012.682844.

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Wolkowicz, Vera. "Incan or Not? Building Ecuador’s Musical Past in the Quest for a Nationalist Art Music, 1900–1950." Journal of Musicology 36, no. 2 (2019): 228–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2019.36.2.228.

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When the development of Ecuadorian national art music began at the end of the nineteenth century, composers and music historians followed European models and studied folklore as a window onto the past. In this quest to discover and articulate what was truly “Ecuadorian,” Incan culture occupied a complex position, sometimes hailed as a primary component of Ecuador’s musical heritage and sometimes dismissed as irrelevant. This article explores the music histories written by composers Pedro Pablo Traversari, Segundo Luis Moreno, and Sixto María Durán, and investigates a selection of Traversari’s compositions and Moreno’s music analyses. It demonstrates how they either included Incan culture in or excluded it from a national music history, in dialogue with scholars outside Ecuador. Early twentieth-century musical discourse in Ecuador produced a series of conflicting and converging perspectives on national and continental music that contribute to our understanding of the global history of nationalistic art musics.
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Gómez, Franklin, and Anikó N. Tóth. "State of the Art of Geothermal Energy System Enhancement: A Literature Review." Geosciences and Engineering 9, no. 14 (2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33030/geosciences.2021.14.017.

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The application of hydraulic fracturing in geothermal reservoirs requires the con- sideration of aspects related to temperature, geology, and in-situ stresses. This research com- pares the application of hydraulic fracturing for geothermal purposes in Rotliegend sand- stones of sedimentary origin in the North German Basin with that of a Granodiorite reservoir in the Pohang site in South Korea. Furthermore, some recommendations are proposed for the application of hydraulic fracturing in Ecuadorian plays for thegeneration of geothermal en- ergy. The basement reservoirs have a hard structure and are prone to pre-existing natural fractures, especially in reservoirs for geothermal purposes, because they normally have active tectonism due to their location. In contrast, sedimentary reservoirs are not necessarily in areas with active tectonism and their more ductile structure does not make them prone to natural fractures, but their temperature gradient should be analyzed to verify their feasibility. The stress analysis, the coefficient of fracture conductivity (FCD), the Folds of Increase (FOI) and the temperature gradient are complementary factors for determining the economic via- bility of geothermal reservoirs. Consequently, the application of hydraulic fracturing in geo- thermal reservoirs requires the analysis of Sv (overburden) stress, Sh1 (horizontal 1) stress, Sh2 (horizontal 2) stress, temperature, FCD, and FOI. This is particularly true for the Chachimbiro Ecuadorian geothermal reservoir, where there is high temperature and active tectonism.
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Viteri, Maria Fernanda, Maria Cristina Paez Quinde, Victor Hernandez Del Salto, Ana del Rocio Silva Mayorga, and Ruth Elizabeth Infante. "ETHNOMUSICAL STUDY ON THE ANCESTRAL SOUND PRODUCED BY CAPOLIN." Academic Research Community publication 2, no. 2 (May 27, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v2i2.247.

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The spontaneous and traditional art represents one of the most important aspects in the culture of a town because it is the worldview manifestation that shows cultural reality in areas that are considered socially subaltern. This is the case of the Ecuadorian Andean region, where the ancestral sound of capolin leaves shows a historical experience and a particular sensitivity. Capolin is a leafy tree native from America. It has simple, alternate, oblongo laceolate leaves that are 6 to 14cm long by 2 to 4 cm wide. It has 3 to 5 prominent nerves from the base of the leaf. This musical technique is part of the Ecuadorian culture and has been inherited and transmitted from a remote past and at the same time is a resource with high cultural vulnerability. When talking about the research work it is worth adding that a descriptive study was carried out. It encompasses the representative cultural features of the plant in the population and the fundamental dendrolgical characteristics. The study also goes through the frecuency and the decibels created by the sound of the plant, the intonation and the human effect caused by this sound. The research concludes that the transversal axis of music is creativity and that boosting this type of manifestations can be a motivation for the dynamization of the touristic activity because it is part of the intangible heritage of a town.
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Castillo Vizuete, Danny Daniel, Alex Vinicio Gavilanes Montoya, Eduardo Antonio Muñoz Jácome, Carlos Renato Chávez Velásquez, and Stelian Alexandru Borz. "An Evaluation of the Importance of Smart Tourism Tools in the Riobamba Canton, Ecuador." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 9436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169436.

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The use of the state-of-art information and communication technology has been found to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of the tourism industry and many countries have chosen to implement smart tourism tools as a strategy to adapt to the continuously changing profile of tourists. While there are many tools which could be implemented for such endeavors, the evaluation of the tourist preferences in relation to their use and importance needs to be done so as to ensure at least the sustainability of investments and of the local development strategies. The Chimborazo Fauna Reserve (canton of Riobamba, Ecuador) was selected for the application of a questionnaire survey to evaluate the importance of 38 smart tourism tools based on the experience of Ecuadorian and international tourists with them. The survey considered more than 700 respondents and 500 valid questionnaires were retained for analysis which was done mainly by developing distributions of the relative frequencies of ratings given on a 5-point Likert scale and by a correspondence analysis at the level of two subsamples: national and international tourists. There were obvious differences between these two groups in terms of importance placed on the smart tourism tools. The first difference was that the Ecuadorian tourists found less utility in the smart tools as compared to the international tourists. The second difference was that the best rated tools in terms of importance were different among the two groups, with the international tourists placing, for instance, more importance on safety-related tools. Correspondence analysis has shown the similarities of profiles and data association, being a useful tool of associating the ratings to the evaluated tools. The knowledge gained by the survey may be helpful in supporting the development of local tourist strategies, providing at the same time valuable data to support preference comparisons with other tourist destinations and countries.
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Costa, Olga Castillo. "Holistic Professional Education of the Healthcare Team: Person-centered Approach in a New Ecuadorian Nursing School." International Journal of Person Centered Medicine 5, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v5i1.508.

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Healthcare services are evolving towards the consideration of comprehensive models of the human being. This is consistent with the definition of health as the state of complete “physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”, as affirmed in the Constitution of the World Health Organization. Also pertinent in the educational programs of health professionals are the concepts formulated by De Sousa in his work, “El Arte de Cambiar las Personas que Cambian las Cosas” (The Art of Changing People who Change Things). His recommendations promote a comprehensive training of the healthcare team, with a vision of training the best talented individuals to serve as health-care professionals. Imbued with these viewpoints, the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja is developing a new School of Nursing with a humanistic vision. The proposal is designed to reflect key tenets of person-centered care, including interaction with the community, collaboration between the nurse and the doctor and with others members of the healthcare team. The focus is on the patient, including self-care and the participation of family members in order to achieve the desired outcomes. The proposed educational methodology promotes the cultivation of self-esteem as a cross-cutting issue. This contributes to a paradigmatic shift towards total personal development and humane and social professional practice.
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Celi, Esteban, and Edison Foncseca. "Historia del documental: orígenes, soportes y vanguardias del Ecuador / Documentary History: Origins, Supports & Ecuadorian Avant-Gardes." Revista Internacional de Cultura Visual 6, no. 2 (August 13, 2019): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/gka-revvisual.v6.1522.

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ABSTRACTThis article talks about the Documentary and its beginnings, its process, its classification, the creative process and the elements that make it up, while analysing its history in Ecuador based on important references. It also contains the approach that indicates the concept of technology as a vehicle of the audio-visual avant-gardes. The cinematographic supports, the first discoveries, give rise to the cinema, and to a moment of the art that will tattoo the memory of the masses to the point that the black and white transmits certain information to us, that will be enriched by the other elements of the narratives. RESUMENEste artículo aborda el Documental y sus inicios, su clasificación, el proceso creativo y los elementos que lo componen, analizando su historia en el Ecuador a partir de referencias importantes. También contiene el enfoque que indica el concepto de tecnología como vehículo de las vanguardias audiovisuales. Los soportes cinematográficos, los primeros descubrimientos, dan lugar al cine, ya un momento del arte que tatuará la memoria de las masas hasta el punto de que el negro y el blanco nos transmiten cierta información, que será enriquecida por los demás elementos de las narraciones.
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Justicia Cevallos, Katherine Karla, Tannia Aytamira Chavez Cordova, Carlota Maria Bayas Jaramillo, and Arturo Damian Rodriguez Zambrano. "Consumption and practice of art and its influence on subjective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study in the Ecuadorian context." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 26, no. 112 (March 8, 2022): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v26i112.544.

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As the pandemic spread, several studies have warned about the repercussions on the emotional, mental and physical health of individuals. The project aimed to explore the influence of consumption and artistic practice on the feeling of health and well-being during the pandemic in the Ecuadorian towns of Manta, Guayaquil, and Quito. The project understands health as an integral state of well-being. From this point of view, art is considered essential to obtain this status. The project adopted a mixed methodology, with an exploratory scope and a non-experimental design. Appraisals were made of the variables (1) consumption and practice of art and (2) subjective well-being. In the absence of a tool, an ad hoc questionnaire was created and applied online. The project found that, inthese cities, the majority of people increased their artistic consumption and practice during the pandemic. The influence of art on human well-being was tested during the study. Art education is recommended as a means to obtain a greater sense of well-being and subjective appreciation of art in the long term. Keywords: Art, culture, well-being, confinement, COVID-19, emotions. References [1]S. Martínez, «Las divas del pop y la identidad feminista: reivindicación, contradicción y consumo cultura.,» Investigaciones Feministas, pp. 475-492, 2017. [2]Santos and J. J. M, Juicio al post-juicio: ¿Para qué sirve hoy la crítica de arte?, Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte., 2019. [3]A. E. España, Propuestas didácticas que integran el arte en la enseñanza de la historia en escuelas secundaria de la ciudad de Rosario. [Tesis de Maestría], Rosario, Colombia: Universidad Nacional Del Litoral, 2016. [4]J. del Valle, «La dignidad de la imaginación: Alexander Baumgarten y el contexto de nacimiento de la Estética.,» Areté, pp. 23(2), 303-328, 2011. [5]M. R. Zamora, «Walter Benjamin: La obra de arte en la epoca de su reproductibilidad técnica.,» Fedro, Revista de estética y teoría de las artes, pp. (1), 40-53., 2004. [6]J. Mendoza, E. Montero, G. Castro and D. Burgos, «THE ARTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE COMPREHENSIVE EDUCATION OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS,» Universidad Ciencia Y Tecnología,, pp. 1(1), 116-122, 2020. [7]B. M. H. Hernández and J. L. M. Prada, «La recepción de la obra de arte y la participación del espectador en las propuestas artísticas contemporáneas.,» Reis, pp. 45-63., 1998. [8]J. L. Brea, «Estética, historia del arte, estudios visuales”. En: Ensayo, teoría y crítica de la cultura visual y el arte contemporáneo”,» Estudios visuales, pp. (3), 8-25, 2006. [9]A. Giráldez and L. Pimentel, Educación artística, cultura y ciudadanía., Madrid: Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la educación, la ciencia y la cultura, 2009. [10]R. D. M. Salinas, «La pandemia de COVID-19, una visión desde las Artes [En: La pandemia de COVID-19, una visión desde las ciencias sociales y humanidades. Ecorfan (46-51). Recuperado de https://www.ecorfan.org/libros/La_pandemia_de_COVID-19/,» de La pandemia de COVID-19, una visión desde las ciencias sociales y humanidades, México, Nayarit,, Books-©ECORFAN, 2020, pp. 46-51. [11]D. Velastegui, A. Bustillos, F. Flores and M. M. Lascano, «Efectos de la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19 en la salud mental de hombres y mujeres de la zona 3 del Ecuador.,» Investigación & Desarrollo, pp. 12(1), 38-50., 2020. [12]J. Mendoza, E. Montero, G. Castro and D. Burgos, «THE ARTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ALL EDUCATIONAL LEVELS OF THE MILAGRO STATE UNIVERSITY,» Universidad Ciencia Y Tecnología, pp. 2(2), 63-67., 2019. [13]C. Guannetti, Sinopia del arte, la ciencia y la tecnología, Barcelona.: ESTÉTICA DIGITAL. Ed. L’Angelot., 2002. [14]J. Martín, «CUANDO LA TECNOLOGIA DEJA DE SER UNA AYUDA DIDACTICA PARA CONVERTIRSE EN,» Teoría de la Educación. Educación y Cultura en la Sociedad de la Información, vol. 10, nº 1, pp. 19-31, 2009. [15]A. Forés, «¿Nos hemos preocupado y ocupado por la salud?,» Didacticae: Revista de Investigación en Didácticas Específicas, pp. (8), 1-2., 2020. [16]N. Crespo, Consumo audiovisual en Guayaquil antes y durante el confinamiento por la Covid-19: estudio de los hábitos de consumo de públicos de cine de 15 a 29 años [Bachelor's tesis], Guayaquil: Universidad Casa Grande: Facultad de Comunicación, 2020. [17]A. L. Vergara, C. A. Gómez, N. A. Valdés and M. D. C. Martín, «Arte como recurso de salud y bienestar: una experiencia con mujeres a partir de la exposición de CaiGuo-Qiang del Museo Nacional del Prado.,» Agathos: Atención sociosanitaria y bienestar, pp. 18(3), 50-59, 2018. [18]C. Vázquez and C. Castilla, «Emociones positivas y crecimiento postraumático en el cáncer de mama,» Psicooncología, pp. 4(2/3), 385, 2007. [19]M. J. Bahamón, Y. Alarcón, A. M. Trejos, A. Millán, O. González, R. Rubio and R. García, «Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de bienestar psicológico Ryffen adolescentes colombianos,» Revista Venezolana de Farmacología y Terapéutica, pp. 342-348, 2020. [20]E. Guelmes and L. Nieto, «Algunas reflexiones sobre el enfoque mixto de la investigación pedagógica en el contexto cubano,» Revista Universidad y Sociedad, pp. 7(1), 23-29, 2015. [21]A. O. Ortega, «Enfoques de investigación,» Métodos para el diseño urbano – Arquitectónico., 2018. [22]J. Martín, «Culturas/Tecnicidades/Comunicación.,» Revista Iberoamericana Pensar., pp. 1-13, 2000. [23]G. Agudelo, M. Aigneren and R. Ruiz, «EXPERIMENTAL Y NO-EXPERIMENTAL.,» La Sociología En Sus Escenarios, pp. (18), 1-46, 2010. [24]M. J. Domínguez, «Arte y pedagogía. Semántica en los conceptos para una Educación Plástica y Visual.,» Espacio y Tiempo: Revista de Ciencias Humanas, pp. (22), 191-200., 2008. [25]J. L. T. Castañeda, «Diferencias en la formación de la satisfacción por tipología de sitio web.,» de XIX Encuentro de profesores universitarios de marketing [Recurso electrónico], Vigo, 19, 20 y 21 de septiembre de 2007 , 2007. [26]R. Hernández, C. Fernández and P. Baptista, Metodología de la Investigación, Holanda: McGraw Hill, 2017.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

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Dennis, Deanna Elizabeth. "An Ethnographic Study of Six Ecuadorian Indigena Women Who Make Shigras." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1380889429.

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Paocarina, Albuja Fabián. "Camilo Egas, el precursor del indigenismo y concitador de las vanguardias en Ecuador (1889-1962)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672911.

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The thesis: "Camilo Egas, the precursor of indigenism and instigator of the avant-garde in Ecuador (1889-1962)", exposes a comprehensive study of the painter's author career in two dimensions of analysis: 1) the historical, geopolitical and sociological context, and 2) the artistic and aesthetic context, referring to the work and stages of the Ecuadorian modern artist, considered as a key actor in the development of the country's twentiethcentury modern trends. Exposed in two great creative periods: the period of Indigenismo in a varied imprint, and the period of the avant-garde, the isms and variants that it went through, from social realism to its final abstract phase
La tesis: «Camilo Egas, el precursor del indigenismo y concitador de las vanguardias en Ecuador (1889-1962)», expone un estudio integral de la trayectoria autoral del pintor en dos dimensiones de análisis: 1) el contexto histórico, geopolítico y sociológico, y 2) el contexto artístico y estético, referido a la obra y etapas del artista moderno ecuatoriano, considerado como un actor clave en el desarrollo de las tendencias modernas del siglo XX del país. Expuesto en dos grandes períodos creativos: el periodo del Indigenismo en una variada impronta, y el periodo de la vanguardia, los ismos y variantes que atravesó, desde el realismo social hasta su fase final abstracta
Programa de Doctorat en Ciències Humanes, del Patrimoni i de la Cultura
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Arboleda, Gabriel. "Houses in Heaven are made of steel : understanding change in Ecuadorian amazon Secoya structures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31195.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, June 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 132-135).
This thesis explores the change in the building structures of a Northeastern Ecuadorian group, the Secoya of the Aguarico River. In the context of environmental activism and cultural survival there are many reasons to lament major alterations in the Secoya's lifestyle in recent years. One of the most visible transformations experienced by this group is the abandonment of several traditional architectural types, including the Jaihub'e or communitarian longhouse. The thesis focuses on understanding the forces that have influenced the Secoya decision to adopt the Zinc House type, a metallic-roofed individual housing unit. These include change in their economic systems, depletion of the natural resources necessary for traditional construction, Western cultural pressure, difficulty to adapt the traditional structures to a modern life, and finally a historical predisposition to change. In short, the Secoya changed firstly because everything around changed, leaving them with no other option, and secondly because, simply, human beings naturally tend to change. The change was meaningful for the Secoya because many building practices that were actively linked to social life were abandoned. It was meaningful for us outsiders because our expectations of an exotic culture were left unfulfilled when it changed. However, rather than the loss of another indigenous culture, what the case illuminates is the nature of our own expectations, those conforming to an urban, pop mythology regarding sustainability. We should follow the Secoya example and change our own urban mythology, because our mythology wrongly overvalues cultural idleness and nature as the means for guaranteeing sustainability;
(cont.) it emphasizes that sustainability depends on resource saving rather than on social justice, and it believes that sustainable solutions are an universal panacea that invariably applies to every culture, geography and historical context. The thesis seeks to expand the frontier of architectural theory towards an unconventional scenario, that of the Upper Amazon, in a series of specific topics: First, it provides detailed knowledge on three typologies of ethnic interest, one of them aboriginal (locally originated), one indigenous (locally adapted) and one modern (neutral-global). Second, it offers historical knowledge about the evolution of the Upper Amazonian building tradition. Third, it discusses how myth and building structure interact in the Upper Amazonian traditional house. Fourth, it details the serious cultural implications of the abandonment of the traditional types. Five, it presents knowledge about the environmental and social factors contributing to the abandonment of those types. And six, it helps to develop awareness about our own urban myths on sustainability in the context of change.
by Gabriel Arboleda.
S.M.
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Andrade, Varela Santiago Daniel. "The influence of active tectonics on the structural development and flank collapse of Ecuadorian arc volcanoes." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF21957.

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Des approches géologiques et morphologiques, ainsi que des modèles analogiques, ont été utilisés pour étudier pour la première fois le rôle de la tectonique active durant le développement structural des volcans de l'arc équatorien. En Equateur, la morphologie des volcans reflète un développement structural complexe, influencé par la superposition de différentes interactions volcano-tectoniques, autant dans le régime gravitationnel local que dans le régime tectonique régional. Ces interactions peuvent contrôler le développement de structures volcaniques majeures, tels que les effondrements de flanc, l'emplacement d'évents latéraux et la taille et la forme des édifices volcaniques. Un exemple de ces interactions est le volcan Imbabura (nord du pays), qui est composé de cinq unités stratigraphiques et structurales majeures. Au cours du développement de l'Imbabura, l'emplacement de ces unités a été fortement contrôlé et influencé par l'interaction de l'édifice volcanique avec : 1- la faille régional dextre 'El Angel-Rio Ambi' ; et 2- la pente de son substratum. Certaines structures observées dans les dépôts d'avalanche de débris volcaniques sont la conséquence des structures développées aux stades initiaux des effondrements de flanc
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McBride, Rachel. "Ecuadorian Children: an Investigation Into the Effects Frequenting the Street Has on the Children of Cuenca, Ecuador." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4408/.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects frequenting the street had on the social-emotional development of children in Cuenca, Ecuador. While the study sought to discover who these children were, it primarily observed the levels of trust these children felt in the various contexts of their lives, their level of safety, where they saw themselves in the future, what made a place feel like a home, their sense of self-esteem, and how they saw themselves contributing to their future. The research instrument used in this study was a modified youth questionnaire previously developed by Tyler and Tyler (1991) in a study with street children/youth in Bogóta, Colombia. The results are presented in 11 case studies of children who ranged in age between 7 and 12 years.
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Hernández, Salazar María José. "Evolution of the forearc basins in Ecuador : from the accretion of oceanic allochthonous terranes to the uplift of the Andes and Coastal Cordilleras." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS236.

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L’Équateur offre une remarquable opportunité d’étude l'évolution des bassins avant arc installés sur un sous-bassement océanique accrété. L'interprétation d'un réseau 2D des profils de sismique réflexion, calibrés par des données de forage et la stratigraphie régionale, a permis de déterminer les étapes de l'évolution de l’avant arc. Les stades pré et syn-accrétion durant le Campanien correspondent au dépôt de séries volcanoclastiques provenant de l'arc insulaire volcanique qui surmontait le plateau océanique. Des chevauchements à vergence NE témoignent un raccourcissement au cours de la collision oblique entre le plateau océanique et la plaque continental. Des failles inverses, des plis et une érosion régionale, marquent la fin de l'accrétion durant l’Éocène inférieur à moyen. L’avant arc sensu-stricto est installé lors de la subduction de la plaque de Farallón sous la plaque Sud-américaine. Un régime d'extension a initié la configuration du double bassin de l'avant arc au début du Néogène. Cette phase coïncide avec la subduction de la plaque de Nazca, qui marque le début du bassin d'avant arc moderne. La subsidence des bassins au cours du Miocène a été en partie contrôlée par la construction des reliefs andins. La segmentation de la marge est contrôlée par la réactivation, au cours du Plio-Pléistocène, de structures héritées en failles inverses et décrochantes. La collision et la subduction de la ride de Carnegie a contrôlé la segmentation de l'avant arc et l'exhumation de la cordillère côtière. Cette étude fournit un exemple remarquable d'évolution d'un bassin avant-arc le long d’une marge en érosion tectonique affectée par la subduction d’une ride volcanique
Ecuador offers a remarkable opportunity to study the evolution of forearc basins installed on accreted oceanic plateau. The interpretation of a network of industrial 2D-Multichannel Seismic Reflection profiles, calibrated with borehole data and regional stratigraphy, allowed to determine the main stages of the forearc evolution. The pre and syn-accretionary stages were documented in the current inner basins by Campanian volcanoclastic deposits sourced by the volcanic island arc which topped the oceanic plateau. NE dipping thrusts ruled shortening at the beginning of the oblique collision between the oceanic plateau and continental plate. Reverse faults and folds are synchronous with a regional erosion linked the end of the accretion during the early-middle Eocene. The forearc sensu-stricto domain is established coeval with the subduction of Farallón plate under South American plate. A regional extensional regimen initiated the double forearc basin configuration along the future Coastal Cordillera during the early Neogene. This phase coincides with the subduction of the Nazca plate, which marks the initiation of modern forearc basins. The basin subsidence during the Miocene was led by the orogenic building effects of the Andean reliefs. The segmentation of the margin is a response of regional uplifts related to strike-slip and reverse reactivation of inherited crustal faults during the Plio-Pleistocene ages. The collision and subduction of the Carnegie ridge explain the forearc segmentation and the coeval Costal Cordillera exhumation. This study provides a remarkable example of the evolution of a non-accretionary-type forearc basin influenced by volcanic ridge subduction
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Books on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

1

Castelo, Hernán Rodríguez. Panorama del arte ecuatoriano. Quito: Corporación Editora Nacional, 1993.

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Flores, Inés María. Plástica ecuatoriana contemporánea =: Contemporany Ecuadorian plastic arts. Quito, Ecuador: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana "Benjamín Carrión", 2002.

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Iñiguez, Juan Cordero. María en las artes cuencanas. [Cuenca, Ecuador]: Universidad de Cuenca, 2004.

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Simposio de Historia del Arte (1st 1993 Quito, Ecuador). I Simposio de Historia del Arte: Artes "académicas" y populares del Ecuador. Quito: Abya-Yala, 1995.

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Borrero, Juan Martínez. De lo divino y lo profano: Arte cuencano de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Cuenca: Ediciones del Banco Central del Ecuador, 1997.

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Escudero-Albornoz, Ximena. Historia y crítica del arte hispanoamericano, Real Audiencia de Quito: Siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. Quito, Ecuador: Abya-Yala, 1999.

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Felipe Vega de la Cuadra and Javier Villacís Mejía. Kviernikolas 2: Palabras sobre la mesa. Edited by Egüez Iván 1944 author, García R., Edgar Allan (García Rivadeneira), and Egüez, Gustavo Pavel, 1959- artist. Quito]: Kviernikolas, 2018.

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Castelo, Hernán Rodríguez. Diccionario crítico de artistas plásticos del Ecuador del siglo XX. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana "Benjamín Carrión", 1992.

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Endara, Carlos Villasís. Navarro, el arte de la investigación: Semblanza biográfico-crítica. Quito: Editora la Económica, 1988.

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Égüez, Pavel, and Christian Jean Pierre Reinoso. Los Kvierníkos: Entre la palabra and la amistad. Quito, Ecuador: Kviernikolas, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

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Umpierrez de Reguero, Sebastián, Santiago González-Paredes, and Ingrid Ríos-Rivera. "Immigrants as the ‘Antagonists’? Populism, Negative Emotions and Anti-immigrant Attitudes in Ecuador." In IMISCOE Research Series, 187–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23996-0_11.

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AbstractGiven the increasing migration inflows in Ecuador in recent years, both the ruling government and the opposition, as well as a part of the public opinion, have expressed concerns about the very presence of certain foreign residents, occasionally portraying them as the ‘antagonist’ by natives. Considering this context of rising anxiety for Ecuadorians over immigrants of certain nationalities, particularly Colombians, Cubans and Venezuelans, we focus in this chapter on emotions and the political psychology of the voter. This is to explore to what extent Ecuadorian voters’ emotional underpinning and anti-immigrant attitudes are associated with their populist and elitist attitudes. Using individual-level data and structural equation modelling to unpack the nexus between different negative emotions, attitudes and prospective electoral behaviour, our results report that populist attitudes significantly lead to higher immigrant attitudes and are also positively correlated to electorally supporting a populist radical left-wing candidate. Furthermore, having negative emotions – predominantly anger and distrust – towards some foreign residents increases the probability of depicting anti-immigrant attitudes and voting for populist choices.
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Serrano, Juanita Catalina Argudo, Tammy Mercedes Fajardo-Dack, and Mónica Patricia Abad Célleri. "Are Ecuadorian Universities Preparing EFL Teachers for CLIL? Sacred Versus Secret Stories." In Content and Language Integrated Learning in South America, 185–204. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52986-3_11.

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Sánchez García, Michelle, and Carla Quilumbango Grijalva. "Anticancer Secondary Metabolites Found in Native Ecuadorian Plant Species Uncaria tomentosa DC. (Rubiaceae), Croton lechleri Müll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae), and Equisetum giganteum L. (Equisetaceae)." In Innovations in Biotechnology for a Sustainable Future, 377–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80108-3_18.

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Barragán-Paladines, María José, Michael Schoon, Winny Collot D’Escury, and Ratana Chuenpagdee. "Managing Fish or Governing Fisheries? An Historical Recount of Marine Resources Governance in the Context of Latin America – The Ecuadorian Case." In Ocean Governance, 47–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20740-2_3.

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AbstractThe narratives and images about ocean and its resources governance, their use and value have deep roots in human history. Traditionally, the contemporary images of fish and fisheries have been shaped under the cultural construction of power, wealth and exclusion, and also as one of poverty and marginalization. This perception was formed on early notions of natural (marine) resources access and use that were born within the colonial machinery that ruled the world from the Middle Ages until late XVII. This research explores the historical overview of marine resources usage and governance in Latin America, from a ‘critical approach to development’ perspective, by following a narrative description based on a ‘three-acts’ format. It illustrates how and to what extent politics, power and knowledge have deeply influenced policies and practices at exploring the marine and terrestrial resources and at managing fish and seafood, historically, and how the fisheries resources’ management practices are influenced by principles of appropriation, regulation and usage, put in place already in the XV century that were imposed at the conquering and colonization of the Americas, disregarded previous governance practices. This article argues that fisheries governance cannot be improved without some appreciation for the social, historical, geopolitical, and cultural significance of the fishing resources themselves, of the perceptions of them by humans, and of the interactions Global North-Global South. The analysis also opens the dialogue about what kind of ocean and governance “science” we want, to support decisions, policies and practices regarding fisheries governance. Final thoughts highlight a reflection about whose knowledge is created and used to support decision and policy making in Ecuador.
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"They Came to Trade Exquisite Things: Ancient West Mexican–Ecuadorian Contacts." In Ancient West Mexico: Art and Archaeology of the Unknown Past. Art Institute of Chicago, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00016.017.

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"Biomedicine and Ancestral Knowledges." In Healthcare in Latin America, edited by David S. Dalton and Douglas J. Weatherford, 241–56. University Press of Florida, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683402619.003.0015.

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Manuel Medina reveals a long-standing tradition of social criticism in Ecuadorian cultural productions, including art, literature, and film. This study highlights, in particular, the recent film Vengo volviendo [Here and There] (2015, dir. Gabriel Páez Hernández and Isabel Rodas León), within a national dialogue that questions the place of ancestral knowledges-based medicine within a Western biomedicine-based healthcare system. Additionally, this analysis explores issues of colonialism and discrimination as a barrier to public health access for indigenous peoples of Ecuador.
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Farmer, James. "Naturalism and Contrapposto in the Ceramics of Ancient Ecuador." In Ceramics of Ancient America, 62–94. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056067.003.0003.

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In chapter 3, James Framer investigates a pattern of artistic evolution in depictions of the human figure in a series of figurative ceramic styles originating in ancient coastal Ecuador. Between c.3000 BCE and c.500 CE, a chronological sequence of five distinct but connected ceramic styles emerged in the region: Valdivia, Machalilla, Chorrera, Jamacoaque, and La Tolita. Close scrutiny of changes in the rendering the human figure in this sequence reflect aesthetic and philosophical changes in the intent of both patrons and artists. Comparisons are noted between ancient Ecuadorian and certain other ancient American figurative ceramics and the development of the Classic human figure type in Greek art. This essay argues that certain specific artistic techniques and conventions employed in Classic Greek art, and by which the Classic tradition has long been defined, were also being developed independently by ancient American ceramicists. Contrapposto, high naturalism, canonical proportion and ratios, and highly animated postures and gestures, all seem to have also been developed and applied in the ancient Americas, perhaps reflecting the emergence of a distinct form of ancient American humanistic philosophy, separate but parallel to the more famous Classical tradition from the Old World.
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Varela, Sandra C., Jorge L. Santamaría, and Marcelo Pilamunga. "Cultural Identity in the Productive Matrix." In Management and Inter/Intra Organizational Relationships in the Textile and Apparel Industry, 200–218. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1859-5.ch009.

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The revolution in Ecuadorian shoe industry represents a big challenge because of the proliferation of imported products. This tariff advantage put the Ecuadorian entrepreneurs in a comfort zone, evidencing a stagnation in the evolution of products with differentiation strategies in opposition to globalized products. To this problem are added limiting factors such as raw materials and imported inputs. The current work studies the situation of the Ecuadorian entrepreneurs of the National Camera of Footwear in the Tungurahua province in order to know its reality and determine strengths and weaknesses of the sector and strategies to promote the productive matrix of Ecuador. The research exposes the impact that a proposed product can have from a strategic vision of differentiation through sustainability of Ecuadorian footwear.
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González, Arturo Luque, Franklin Roberto Quishpi Choto, and Aitor Garagarza Cambra. "Analysis of the Education of the Waorani Population and Its Global Threats in Nuevo Amanecer, Shell (Ecuador)." In Handbook of Research on Race, Culture, and Student Achievement, 395–418. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5705-4.ch020.

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The Waorani population of 4,000 individuals covers a large area of the Ecuadorian Amazon. The wide dispersion of their communities, the orography, and the variety of globalized environmental and legal issues that they face make historical cohesion and social relationships difficult. Education is a key area of dispute and disaffection in the Waorani lands furthest from Quito, in which stark asymmetries are evident. In this study, a recently constituted community was analyzed, together with a diversity of associated elements. Data from this study suggested that students schooled in cities do not necessarily have better educational outcomes than those from schools in remote areas. Also evident was the lack of educational resources and their arbitrary deployment by the Ecuadorian government. The marginalization of ancestral characteristics and ways of life contradict the undertakings set out in the Ecuadorian constitution and in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
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De Marco, Anna. "Ruolo del transfer e strategie di rifiuto in apprendenti ispanofoni di italiano L2 Uno studio esplorativo." In Politiche e pratiche per l’educazione linguistica, il multilinguismo e la comunicazione interculturale. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-501-8/010.

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This exploratory study examines strategies of refusals in two groups of peninsular and Ecuadorian Spanish learners of Italian, attending university courses in Italy. The aim of the investigation is to explore the type, the order and the frequency of refusals and the role of transfer in situations characterized by different role relationships among interactants. Data was collected using a Discourse Completion Task and a retrospective interview. Results show that Ecuadorian learners sometimes transfer their L1 patterns into the L2. Outcomes are discussed in light of studies on Politeness Theory.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

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"#197 – CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: STATE OF THE ART FROM AN ECUADORIAN TERTIARY HOSPITAL." In Semana Panamericana de Enfermedades Digestivas. SPED 2023. Editorial Iku Limitada, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46613/congastro2023-197.

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Ziritt, Jose Luis. "Mature vs. Unknown--Where Are We Really: An Ecuadorian Field Case." In SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/97636-ms.

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Guaranda, Maria-Belen, Galo Castillo-Lopez, Fabricio Layedra, and Carmen Vaca. "Detecting Damaged Regions after Natural Disasters using Mobile Phone Data: The Case of Ecuador." In LatinX in AI at Neural Information Processing Systems Conference 2020. Journal of LatinX in AI Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52591/lxai202012125.

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In this work, we use mobile phone activity data to infer the affected zones in the Ecuadorian province of Manabí, after the 2016 earthquake, with epicenter in the same province. We calculate a series of features to train a classifier based on the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm to detect affected zones with a 75% of precision. We compare our results with official reports published two months after the disaster.
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Carrión, Johana, Mauricio Herrera, Edgar A. Chuc, Jaime Chapa, and Rubys Hernández. "Successful First Multistage Hydrajet Assisted Fracturing Process in an Ecuadorian Mature Field." In SPE Europec featured at 78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/180152-ms.

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Villalba, José Luís, José Macías, Haci Baykara, Nestor Ulloa, and Guillermo Soriano. "Operational Energy Comparison of Concrete and Foamed Geopolymer Based Housing Envelopes." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71837.

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The present article provides an operational energy comparison of modern concrete and foamed geopolymers as envelope materials for single unit housing in Ecuador. The study is performed by replacing the concrete material used in the walls and roof elements with foamed geopolymer components. Residential building sector requires around 35.6% of the total energy demand in Ecuador. For this reason, efforts on building practices improvement are relevant for the Ecuadorian society. The foamed geopolymers are a mixture of aluminosilicate material obtained from Ecuadorian natural zeolite, group of alkaline activators and the foamed agent that when mixing the raw materials and obtain the geopolymer. To assess the potential use of foamed geopolymers as construction material, the annual energy demand for a social interest dwelling was obtained through simulation with EnergyPlus. Prefabricated Insulated Concrete Forms was established as the construction practice for the building model. Annual energy simulations were performed considering two Ecuadorian representative weathers, to Guayaquil and Quito locations. Material properties of foamed geopolymers ware acquired by own experimental facilities. Thermal conductivity was obtained with the use of the hot plate method, while specific heat by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. This analysis uses foamed geopolymers obtained from two procedures. Thus, these proposed materials presented low density, low thermal conductivity, and acceptable compressive strength values. Finally, an assessment of natural geopolymers as a concrete replacement is presented, including a thermal characterization, and a sustainable construction evaluation. The findings affirm the key role of material selection in construction practices. Reductions around 4.0% in annual electricity demand was achieved for Guayaquil case, while energy consumption decreases around 1.3% for Quito.
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Bablon, Mathilde, François Nauret, Pablo Samaniego, Jean-Luc Devidal, Gueorgui Ratzov, François Michaud, Marianne Saillard, et al. "First identification, geochemical characterization, and land-sea correlations of Holocene marine distal tephra from the Ecuadorian arc." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.7686.

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Pleshkov, Dmitry, Carlos Andres Corella Moya, Byron Ricardo Corella Moya, Angel Vicente Silva Ortiz, Luis Paredes, Augusto Huaca, Freddy Chicaiza, Gustavo Ariel Marin, Raul Armando Valencia Tapia, and Anur Kumar Rajain. "Disruptive Dumpflooding Completion, Case Study Ecuador." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31533-ms.

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Abstract Most of the fields in Ecuador are considered "mature." Water injection is a well-known solution for mature fields. Water injection projects require a source of clean water. Traditionally, minimum specifications are achieved by surface treatment facilities. However, in the Ecuadorian Oriente Basin, the Hollin reservoir is an active aquifer with water meeting the requirements for use in waterflooding. But in other cases, water from production wells and from traditional surface facilities requires high investment costs because of associated facilities, chemical treatments, water production lines, and other requirements. A novel completion design has been developed. This proposed completion is called "modified dumpflooding" and represents a cost-effective solution for Ecuadorian mature fields. Dumpflooding is a modified version of dual concentric completion using most of its configuration pieces. It also takes advantage of extensive local experience in dual concentric completion design. Modified dumpflooding completion enables companies to use just one well for water production, injecting it into the depleted reservoir as a closed loop. Additionally, it helps to save costs in surface facilities by reducing human exposure to high pressure lines over large distances and eliminating operational expenditures for chemicals and equipment maintenance. Nodal analysis is foundational to helping companies understand how current design of waterflooding projects is behaving. It also provides a basis for mechanical configuration optimization to reduce bottlenecking points and improve completion performance.
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Irrazabal Bohorquez, Washington Orlando, and Joa˜o Roberto Barbosa. "Functional Analysis and Exergoeconomic Evaluation for the Combined Production of Electromechanical Power and Useful Heat of a Cogeneration Power Plant." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45055.

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In the Ecuadorian electrical market, several sugar plants, which significantly participate in the local electricity market, are producing their own energy and commercializing the surplus to the electrical market. This study evaluates the integral use of the sugar cane bagasse for productive process on a Cogeneration Power Plant in an Ecuadorian Sugar Company [8]. The electrical generation based on biomass requires a great initial investment. The cost is around US$ 800/kW installed, twice the US$ 400/kW initial investment of conventional thermoelectric power plant and almost equal to the US$ 1,000/kW initial cost of hydroelectric power plant [5]. A thermoeconomic study was carried out on the production of electricity and the sales of the surplus of 27 MWe average produced by the power plant. An operational analysis was made using instantaneous values from the estimated curves of demand and generation of electricity. From the results, it was concluded that the generated electricity costs are 0.0443 US$/kWh, while the costs of the electricity from Fossil Power Plants (burning fuel oil, diesel fuel and natural gas) are in the range 0.03–0.15 US$/kWh and from Hydroelectric Plants are about 0.02 US$/kWh. Cogeneration power plants burning sugar cane bagasse could contribute to the mitigation of climatic change. This specific case study shows the reduction of the prospective emissions of greenhouse gases, around 55,188 ton of CO2 equivalent yearly for this cogeneration power plant.
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Sánchez, Carola, José Macías, Jonathan León, Geancarlos Zamora, and Guillermo Soriano. "Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Thermal Performance of a Thermosiphon Flat-Plate Solar Collector for Water Heating in Ecuadorian Coastal Region." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71944.

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Passive solar water heating (SWH) is a convenient method to meet domestic hot water requirements in rural areas, where electricity may not be available or fuel supply might be limited due to difficult access. In this work, a low-cost thermosiphon flat-plate solar collector alternative is presented. The design was purposely limited to materials and recyclable products widely available in the local market, such as Tetra Pak, plastic bottles, and polypropylene (PP) fittings and pipes. Since PP is a thermoplastic polymer, a poor heat conductor, it was necessary to ensure a suitable system isolation to obtain an optimum thermal performance, comparable to commercial solar collectors. The design was built and tested in Guayaquil, Ecuadorian coastal city. Six inexpensive temperature sensors were placed at the entrance and exit of the collector, on the flat-plate and inside the hot water storage tank. Data was recorded using an Arduino single-board computer and later analyzed with the data gathered via weather station. The implementation costs of the system are approximately US$300, the overall performance during January 2017 fluctuated between 54% and 23%, and the storage tank temperature range varied from to 46°C to 33°C. Due to its reliability and affordable cost, the SWH system is an attractive alternative to an Ecuadorian commercial solar flat plate collector, which price is set between US$600 and US$700, it has an efficiency around 60%, and the average annual storage tank temperature is 62°C.
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Ordoñez, Alfredo, Boris Orellana-Alvear, Tania Calle-Jimenez, and Esteban Orellana. "Scales of Gentrification in intermediary cities: A challenge for Ecuadorian territorial planning." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002366.

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Intermediate cities have specific characteristics due to their size, population, economy, and regional dynamics. The metropolises represent poles of attraction that do not allow the development of the surrounding villages. These poles absorb peripheral accentuations during their boundary expansion processes. Not far from this phenomenon, it is observed that intermediate cities act similarly in front of smaller towns, having a repeated effect than their higher similes. The relationship between villages leads to emigration and population immigration and can be confused with gentrification processes. For this reason, it is necessary to differentiate the original inhabitants of neighborhoods or areas that have been displaced from those who have preferred to change their place of residence by free will. The various study scales are directed towards understanding the phenomenon within a block, neighborhood, sector, city, and finally territory, with the desire to understand the gentrifying phenomenon's propagation speed.
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Reports on the topic "Ecuadorian Art"

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Gallegos de Donoso, Magdalena. The Development of Sculpture in the Quito School. Inter-American Development Bank, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007914.

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Ferrari, Maria-Aparecida, and Ana-María Durán. El estado del arte de las Relaciones Públicas y Sustentabilidad en organizaciones brasileñas y ecuatorianas / The state of the art of public relations and sustainability in Brazilian and Ecuadorian organizations. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-16-2018-08-129-150.

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Barrera, Victor, Alexis Villacis, Jeffrey Alwang, and Luis Escudero. Open configuration options New Products, New Markets: Dragon Fruit in Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003964.

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Expanding incomes in Asian countries and changes in fresh-fruit value chains have created an important niche for producers of dragon fruit. Ecuadorean producers have responded and taken advantage of these evolving opportunities and market dynamism. By customizing their products to the specific demands of target markets and complying with the standards imposed by modern buyers, Ecuadorian exporters of dragon fruit demonstrate how challenges related to and opportunities in agri-food markets evolution can be met. This study documents the development of the dragon fruit market in Ecuador, with a special emphasis on the analysis of its value chain. The study additionally identifies and analyzes the main drivers of the success of the production and exports of the fruit and examines the main challenges and needs for improved public policies to promote sustainable growth of the sector. Findings are complemented with interviews conducted with the principal actors in the Ecuadorian dragon fruit industry, as well as a case study that involves several relatively recently formed dragon fruit-producing companies in the Amazon region of the country.
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Rangel, Marcos, Luana Marotta, Cynthia van der Werf, Suzanne Duryea, Marcelo Drouet Arias, and Lucina Rodríguez Guillén. Barriers to Immigrant Assimilation: Evidence on Grading Bias in Ecuadorian High Schools. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005681.

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We investigate the assimilation of immigrant youth in Ecuador. Focusing on formal schooling and employing administrative data from high schools, we document subtle ways by which assessment biases against students with an immigrant background play a significant role in this assimilation process. We find that, after holding constant performance on blindly scored proficiency tests, teacher-assigned grades in Mathematics and Spanish are consistently lower for students from immigrant families. We show that these results are robust with respect to the omission of socio-emotional and behavioral traits that are likely valued by teachers. These differentials are larger for male students and those attending urban schools. While these grading differentials have direct impact over high school graduation rates, they may also discourage future human capital investments, potentially leading to lower college attendance, distorted choice of major, and sub-optimal labor market outcomes, which are all well know elements for the economic assimilation of immigrants.
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González, Javier, Dante Castillo-Canales, Monserrat Creamer, and Magali Ramos Jarrin. Misalignments and Incoherencies within Ecuador's Education System: How Well Are Key Actors and Public Efforts Aligned towards Better Learning Outcomes? Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/137.

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This study aims to identify the main critical misalignments and inconsistencies nested in the Ecuadorian education system, which inhibit and limit its capacity to transform efforts, resources, and reforms into better learning outcomes for all students. To do so, it uses an innovative methodology developed by the RISE (Research on Improving Systems of Education) programme based on a 'Systems Thinking' perspective. This approach allows the analysis of key actors, their incentives, and interactions, to assess the overall alignment of the system and the existence of barriers that might prevent the system transitioning towards better learning outcomes. This study is based mainly on qualitative methods and information collected in the field through interviews, focus groups and surveys held in the first semester of 2022 in three cities in Ecuador: Quito, Tena, and Guayaquil. In total, more than 50 stakeholders from different regions and levels of the education system actively participated in this effort, targeted towards the identification and discussion of the inconsistencies and critical issues described in this study. The report has five sections that offer a detailed account of the implementation of the RISE diagnostic framework in the Ecuadorian educational system.
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Drouet Arias, Marcelo, Suzanne Duryea, Luana Marotta, Marcos Rangel, and Lucina Rodríguez Guillén. Discrimination in Grading: Evidence from Immigrants in Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005096.

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This article investigates whether discrimination taking the form of biased assessment of students by teachers is prevalent within Ecuadorian schools serving immigrants. Robust evidence is drawn from unique data pertaining to high-school students and educators. After holding constant performance in blindly scored tests of proficiency, we find that teacher-assigned Mathematics and Language grades suffer from well cardinal and ordinal grading biases against children from immigrant households. We show that these results are robust with respect to the omission of socio-emotional traits that are valued by teachers. Heterogeneity analyses indicate key differences by the gender of the students and perceptions of teacher engagement.
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Zanoni, Wladimir, Paul Carrillo-Maldonado, Juan Pantano, and Nicolás Chuquimarca. Irrational Bunching? Tax Regimes, Brackets, and Taxpayer Behaviors. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013005.

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In this study, we examine the behavior of self-employed taxpayers who “bunch" at an income level just below a critical threshold, which triggers a transition from a simple tax regime to a more complex one. Under the simple regime, individuals complete their tax forms independently, while the complex regime mandates the use of a public accountant for maintaining accounting records. Utilizing data from the Ecuadorian tax authority from 2011 to 2014, we initially observed and documented the bunching behavior prompted by the shift between regimes. Subsequently, we assess the impact of this regime transition on the amount of taxes paid by those self-employed taxpayers who choose to fill taxes in the complex regime. Our methodology employs both parametric and semi-parametric “donut” estimators to evaluate these effects. We find that the regime shift indeed prompts taxpayers to bunch below the income threshold, opting to remain within the simpler regime. Interestingly, those who transition into the complex regime tend to pay less in taxes. This pattern holds across various bunching windows and is consistent across several estimators used. Our results suggest that accountants are the key mechanism behind the effects, for they help taxpayers better navigate tax deductions and benefits, leading individuals to pay zero taxes.
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Villacis, Alexis, Victor Barrera, Jeffrey Alwang, Carlos Caicedo, and James Quiroz. Strategies to strengthen Ecuador's high-value cacao value chain. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003960.

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Since the early nineteenth century, cacao has been an important export earner for Ecuador. Today the importance of this sector remains, as Ecuador is the main producer and exporter of Fine and Flavor cacao worldwide. Motivated by the main transformations of the global food systems and the increasing demand for multidimensional credence attributes, this study examines the present state of Ecuador's cacao industry, identifies areas of opportunity, and discusses how the private and public sectors can work together to meet existing and emerging challenges. Findings are supported by interviews conducted with the principal actors in the Ecuadorian cacao industry and two case studies. The first case study focuses on how associativity can help cacao farmers producing high-quality beans to differentiate themselves and succeed in modern agri-food markets. The second case study explores the success of a local chocolate firm and its links with local cacao farmers. Findings suggest that market trends have created new business opportunities for cacao producers and chocolate processors. These opportunities are most open to firms who can personalize and differentiate their products, for example, through the use of quality certifications such as organic, fair trade, reduced carbon load, etc. More importantly, market developments are driving exporters to enhance the performance of cacao value chains in the country, but the sector requires coordination to capture reputation and credence-based demands for the local cacao.
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17th & 18th Century Sculpture in Quito. Inter-American Development Bank, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006442.

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Leveraging Non-Banking Correspondents to Bring Financial Services to Unbanked Businesses in Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006283.

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Microenterprises and small businesses account for more than 90 percent of companies and jobs in Ecuador, yet these entrepreneurs have little access to credit or financial services. Only about 12 percent of formal credit is extended to these small firms.CREDIFE Desarrollo Microempresarial, a subsidiary of Ecuadorian Banco Pichincha C.A. operating since 1999, provides financial services to small and micro entrepreneurs at the base of the pyramid (BOP), enabling them to access the country's formal financial system. CREDIFE's 617 loan officers are located in 126 offices of Banco Pichincha throughout the country.
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