Relevant bibliographies by topics / Eddy currents testing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Eddy currents testing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

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Penman, J. "Eddy currents and nondestructive testing." IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education) 137, no. 3 (May 1990): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-a-2.1990.0018.

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Otterbach, Jan Marc, Reinhard Schmidt, Hartmut Brauer, Marek Ziolkowski, and Hannes Töpfer. "Comparison of defect detection limits in Lorentz force eddy current testing and classical eddy current testing." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-453-2018.

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Abstract. Lorentz force eddy current testing (LET) is a motion-induced eddy current testing method in the framework of nondestructive testing. In this study, we address the question of how this method is classified in comparison with a commercial eddy current testing (ECT) measurement device ELOTEST N300 in combination with the probe PKA48 from Rohmann GmbH. Therefore, measurements using both methods are performed and evaluated. Based on the measurement results, the corresponding defect detection limits, i.e., up to which depth the defect can be detected, are determined and discussed. For that reason, the excitation frequency spectrum of the induced eddy currents in the case of LET is considered.
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Gros, X. E. "Technical Note: Detection of delamination in tyres using eddy currents." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 211, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407971526236.

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Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a useful tool to assess the structural integrity of components in order to maintain quality and safety standards. A low-cost electromagnetic technique based on eddy currents induced into a material appeared promising for the inspection of composite materials. Experiments were carried out in order to assess the potential of eddy currents in detecting delamination in rubber tyres. Infrared thermography was used to verify inspection results achieved with eddy currents. Non-destructive examination results are presented in this paper; these confirm that eddy current testing is an economically viable alternative for the inspection of steel reinforced truck tyres.
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BLITZ, J., S. R. OATEN, and N. T. HAJIAN. "THE TESTING OF FERROMAGNETIC METALS WITH EDDY-CURRENTS." Nondestructive Testing Communications 2, no. 5-6 (September 1986): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10589758608952927.

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Larionov, Vitalii V., Andrey M. Lider, and Yurii S. Bordulev. "Eddy Current Method for Testing of Metals under Simultaneous Exposure to Radiation and Hydrogenation." Advanced Materials Research 1084 (January 2015): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.16.

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The study demonstrated that implementation of eddy currents of different frequencies enables identification of altered phase composition, diffusion properties and metal hydrogenation extent. Using the newly developed parameters of eddy current method sensitivity, we have established that the change of a metal structure from one layer to another is identified by the currents of different frequency according to the depth of their penetration into a metal.
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Abrantes, Ruben F., Luis S. Rosado, Moisés Piedade, and Pedro M. Ramos. "Pulsed eddy currents testing using a planar matrix probe." Measurement 77 (January 2016): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2015.09.026.

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Mercklé, J., D. Sauter, J. Ragot, J. B. Lajournade, and J. M. Watrinet. "Intelligent sensing for non-destructive testing using eddy currents." NDT International 23, no. 6 (December 1990): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-9126(90)90859-m.

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Verite, J. C. "Numerical modelling in non-destructive testing by eddy-currents." NDT International 23, no. 6 (December 1990): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-9126(90)90924-d.

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Mercklé, J. "Intelligent sensing for non-destructive testing using eddy currents." NDT & E International 23, no. 6 (December 1990): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0963-8695(90)90156-d.

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Aoukili, Abdeslam, and Abdellatif Khamlichi. "Damage detection of cracks in carbon fibre reinforced composites by pulsed eddy-current testing." MATEC Web of Conferences 191 (2018): 00003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819100003.

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Non-destructive evaluation techniques that are based on electromagnetic methods are commonly used for inspection of metallic and carbon fibre reinforced plastics parts. Some of these inspection methods are based on eddycurrents which are generated by the electromagnetic induction phenomenon occurring under variable magnetic induction field. In eddy-currents testing, the depth of penetration into the material is controlled by the conductivity of the tested material and also the work frequency. Transient eddy-currents, also called pulsed eddy-currents, is an emerging non destructive technique that employs a pulsed excitation to induce a transient electromagnetic response from defects lying deep within a conducting structure. Such defects are difficult to inspect by conventional techniques, such as harmonic eddy-currents or ultrasonics. A large number of recent scientific publications have dealt with the theoretical understanding of the pulsed eddy-currents phenomenon and have also undertaken the design feature of appropriate probes. Finite element solution of the governing equations has been used to simulate the output signals as function of the input electrical excitation signal. Considering a B-scan strategy, simulation of a pulsed eddy-currents based probe is performed in this work with the objective to assess detectability of small defects through monitoring impedance changes of a detection probe.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

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Pipis, Konstantinos. "Eddy-current testing modeling of axisymmetric pieces with discontinuities along the axis by means of an integral equation approach." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS176/document.

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Le contrôle non destructif (CND) de pièces pour des applications dans l'industrie a mené au besoin de modèles rapides et précises. Tels modèles servent au développement des méthodes d'inspection, à l'optimisation des capteurs utilisés aux essais, à l'évaluation des courbes de Probabilité de Detection (POD) ainsi qu'à la caractérisation de défauts. Cette thèse se focalise au CND par Courants de Foucault (CF) de pièces cylindriques avec des discontinuités selon z et contenant un défaut fin. Un modèle pour l'inspection de telles pièces a été développé afin de traiter des applications comme l'inspection des pièces alésées trouvées en aéronautique et des tubes des générateurs de vapeur utilisés dans l'industrie nucléaire. Ce modèle est basé sur une formulation d'équation intégrale. Plus précisément, la variation de l'impédance du capteur, dit signal CF, est calculée à partir d'une équation intégrale sur la surface du défaut. La formulation suivie est basée sur la méthode d'intégration surfacique (SIM). Cette formulation nécessite, d'un côté, le calcul du champ électrique en absence du défaut et, de l'autre côté, l'expression d'une fonction de Green qui correspond à la géométrie de la pièce sans défaut. Les deux problèmes électromagnétiques sont résolus en utilisant la méthode Truncation Region Eigenfunction Expansion (TREE). La méthode TREE est un outil performant pour la résolution des problèmes électromagnétiques qui prend en compte la décroissance rapide de l'intensité du champ afin de tronquer le domaine d'intérêt à une distance, où le champ est négligeable.Le modèle est validé en comparant le signal CF calculé avec des résultats obtenues par une approche combinant la méthode d'intégration volumique (VIM) et SIM, dite l'approche VIM-SIM (implémentée dans la plateforme CIVA) ainsi qu'avec le modèle d'éléments finis (FEM). Nous avons traité trois configurations différentes : un demi-espace conducteur alésé avec un défaut fin, une plaque conductrice avec un alésage et un défaut, et un tube semi-infini avec un défaut fin à la proximité de son bord. La comparaison des résultats montre un très bon accord entre les trois modèles. Le temps de calcul avec le modèle SIM est considérablement inférieur aux temps de calcul des autres modèles. En outre, le modèle SIM donne la possibilité d'effectuer le balayage du capteur dans le tube ou l'alésage dans le cas des pièces alésées
Nondestructive Testing (NDT) of parts for industrial applications such as in nuclear and aeronautical industry has led to the need for fast and precise models. Such models are useful for the development of the inspection methods, the optimisation of probes, the evaluation of the Probability of Detection (POD) curves or for the flaw characterisation.This PhD thesis focuses on the eddy-current NDT of layered cylindrical pieces with discontinuities in the z direction and containing a narrow crack. A model for the inspection of such pieces is developed in order to be applied on the inspection of fastener holes met in aeronautics and of steam generator tubes in nuclear sector.The model is based on an integral equation formalism. More precisely, for the calculation of the impedance change one needs to solve an integral equation over the surface of the narrow crack, which is represented by a surface electric dipole distribution. This is the method known as surface integration method (SIM). This formulation requires, on the one hand, the calculation of the electric field in the absence of the flaw, the so-called primary field, and, on the other hand, the Green's function expression corresponding to the geometry of the flawless piece. Both electromagnetic problems are solved by means of the Truncation Region Eigenfunction Expansion (TREE) method. The TREE method is a powerful tool for the solution of electromagnetic problems which uses the rapid decrease of the field in order to truncate the region of interest at a distance where the field is negligible.The model is validated by comparing the results of the coil impedance variation with those obtained by an approach that combines the volume integral method (VIM) with SIM, known as VIM-SIM method, implemented in the commercial software CIVA and the finite element method (FEM) implementation in COMSOL software. Three different configurations have treated. The more general geometry of a conducting half-space with a borehole, a conducting plate with a borehole and a crack and a conducting semi-infinite tube with a crack near the edge. The results of the three models show good agreement between them. The computational time of the SIM model is significantly lower compared to previous models. Furthermore, another advantage of the SIM model is that it provides the possibility of a scan inside the borehole
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Chebbi, Houssem. "Méthode des coordonnées curvilignes pour la modélisation électromagnétique des matériaux complexes : application au contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault des matériaux composites The fast computation of eddy current distribution and probe response in homogenized composite material based on semi-analytical approach Investigation of layer interface model of multi-layer structure using semi-analytical and FEM analysis for eddy current pulsed thermography." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST004.

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Ce travail de thèse de doctorat, effectué au sein de Laboratoire de Simulation et Modélisation Électromagnétique (LSME) du CEA List, s’intègre dans le cadre du projet européen « NDTonAir » financé sous l'action « H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016- GRANT 722134 ». Le principal objectif est le développement d’un outil de simulation rapide et précis dédié au contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault des matériaux composites homogénéisés. Comme cas d’application, on s’intéresse particulièrement à l’orientation des fibres d’une part, et d’autre part, à des défauts de type délaminage et ondulation des fibres qui se manifestent par une déformation géométrique locale des interfaces. Les méthodes semi-analytiques existantes dans la littérature, basées sur le formalisme des Dyades de Green, sont limitées jusqu’au là à des structures planes multicouches. Pour introduire des variations locales de géométrie aux interfaces, nous proposons une approche innovante basée sur un changement de coordonnées adapté au profil de la pièce et des interfaces. On propose un modèle numérique performant basé sur le formalisme covariant des équations de Maxwell. Ce formalisme unificateur englobe l'anisotropie du spécimen et les déformations locales des interfaces. La méthode de coordonnées curvilignes est usuellement utilisée pour résoudre des problèmes de diffraction sur des surfaces rugueuses dans le domaine des hautes fréquences (diffraction sur des réseaux). Ce travail de thèse s’inspire des méthodes de Fourier modale et propose de nouveaux outils adaptés au domaine des courants de Foucault. L’extension de la méthode des coordonnées curvilignes au domaine du contrôle des composites par courants de Foucault constitue l’innovation de ce travail. Deux modèles numériques ont été développés pour le calcul de l’interaction du champ émis par un capteur à courants de Foucault avec un matériau composite multicouches. Le modèle numérique développé pour le contrôle des composites plans exploite les structures particulières des matrices creuses pour réduire le temps de calcul sans limitation de nombre de modes utilisés pour la représentation du champ. Dans le cas des profils curvilignes des interfaces, le modèle permet de traiter des interfaces parallèles et quelques cas particuliers des profils non parallèles. Ce cas général présente quelques limitations qui nécessitent le développement des outils numériques complémentaires. Enfin, plusieurs configurations de contrôle ont été envisagées et les résultats numériques produits par les modèles ont été confrontés à des données de simulation par éléments finis. Quelques expérimentations ont été effectuées dans des laboratoires partenaires étrangers pour accroître notre expérience sur la validation expérimentale
This doctoral thesis work, carried out within the Laboratory of Simulation and Modeling for Electromagnetics (LSME) of CEA List, is part of the “NDTonAir” European project funded under the action “H2020-MSCA-ITN -2016- GRANT 722134”. The main goal of the project is the development of a fast and accurate simulation tool for the non-destructive eddy current testing of homogenized composite materials. As an application case, we are particularly interested in the orientation of the fibers on the one hand, and on the other hand, in defects as delamination which are manifested by a local geometrical deformation of the interfaces. The semi-analytical methods existing in the literature, based on Green's Dyad formalism, have been limited so far to multilayered and planar structures. To introduce local variations in geometry at the interfaces, we propose an innovative approach based on a change of coordinates adapted to the profile of the local perturbation. We propose a powerful numerical model based on the covariant formalism of Maxwell's equations. This unifying formalism takes in the anisotropy of specimen and the local deformations of the interfaces. The curvilinear coordinate method is usually used to solve diffraction problems on rough interfaces in the high frequency domain (diffraction on gratings). This thesis work is inspired by Fourier Modal Methods and proposes new tools which have been adapted to the field of eddy currents. The extension of the curvilinear coordinate method to the field of eddy currents non-destructive testing technique of composites constitutes the innovation of this work. Two numerical models have been developed to calculate the interaction of the field emitted by an eddy current probe with a multilayered composite material. The numerical model developed for the evaluation of planar composite exploits the particular structures of sparse matrices to reduce the computation time without limiting the number of modes used for the modal expansion of the field. In the case of the curvilinear profiles of the interfaces, the model makes it possible to treat parallel interfaces and some particular cases of non-parallel profiles. The general case of non-identical profiles presents some limitations which require the development of complementary numerical tools. Finally, several testing configurations were considered and the numerical results produced by the models were compared to finite element simulated data. Some experiments were carried out in foreign partner laboratories to increase our experience on experimental validation
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Ingabire, Annick, and Robin Olsson. "Standardization of Eddy Current Testing Calibration for Valve Spring Wire." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232712.

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Elektromagnetisk provning (ECT) har blivit en av de mest använda metoderna för attkvalitetssäkra produkter där icke-destruktiv testning av material krävs. Vid provning av ståltrådinteragerar utrustningen med det testade materialet och upptäcker ytdefekter och, i vissomfattning, om strukturen skiljer sig från det kalibrerade provet. Om produkten befinner sigutanför specifikationen, skrotas den eller ombearbetas. Denna Mastersuppsats undersökerkalibreringsförfarandet för elektromagnetisk provning som utförs av Suzuki Garphyttan, som är enav de största tillverkarna i världen av ventil- och transmissionsfjädrar för bilindustrin. Genom deslutsatser som framgår av denna rapport, som baseras på undersökningar gjorda i vetenskapligaartiklar och genom att analysera den data som inhämtats från produktionen, presenteras enstandardisering av kalibreringsförfarandet. Detta är nödvändigt för att säkerställa såväl testernastillförlitlighet, såväl som minimering av risken för att skrota ut material på grund av felaktigainställningar, till exempel på grund av otillräckligt signal-brus (S/N)-förhållande. Fokus ligger påsond-baserad, roterande testning, i denna avhandling kallad circografen, eftersom den är manuelltkalibrerad.Några av de konstaterade resultaten i rapporten är:● Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)-baserade instruktioner implementeras i företagetskvalitetssystem. Detta för att minska variationer i kvalitet mellan olika operatörer ochmaskiner.● Ett förslag på intervaller för värden (fasvinkel, förstärkning, korrigering av filter och såvidare) presenteras. Detta är baserat på insamlad unik produktionsdata från operatöreroch utförda test.● Fasvinklarna som används varierar inom specifika intervaller och bestäms av materialval iallmänhet och frekvensval i synnerhet.● Konduktivitets- och permeabilitetsvärdena för oljehärdad tråd, liksom penetrationsdjupetför tre olika frekvenser presenteras.● Härdningsfel kan inte detekteras i roterande provning● Ökat kolinnehåll minskar den elektriska ledningsförmågan och ger ökad resistivitet, vilketgör att fasen flyttar sig och resulterar i ett minskande gap mellan brussignal ochspricksignal.
Eddy current testing (ECT) has become one of the most extensively used methods to secure theproducts and constructions when non-destructive testing is required. In typical cases of steel wiretesting, the equipment interacts with the tested material and discovers surface defects and, to alimited extent, if the inner structure is differing from the calibration sample. If the product isfound to be outside specification, it is either scrapped or reworked. This master thesis investigatesthe Eddy current testing calibration procedures performed by steel wire manufacturer SuzukiGarphyttan, which is one of the largest producers in the world of valve and transmission springwire for the automotive industry. By the research shown in this thesis, based on the investigationmade in scientific papers and by analyzing data extracted from production, a standardization ofthe calibration procedure is being presented. This is to secure both the testing reliability, andminimizing the risk of scrapping material due to inaccurate settings, for example due toinsufficient signal to noise (S/N) ratio. The focus is on probe-based, rotating testing, in this thesiscalled the circograph, since it is manually calibrated.Some of the findings established in the report: Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) based instructions is being implemented in thecompany's Quality system. This is to decrease the process variations between differentoperators and machines. Suggestions of intervals for values (Phase angle, gain, filter correction and so forth) arepresented. These values are based on collected unique production data from operators andmachines, as well as performed tests. The phase angles used are ranging between specific value intervals, and set by materialchoice in general and choice of frequency in particular. The conductivity and permeability values for oil-tempered wire, as well as penetrationdepth for three different frequencies, are presented. Hardening error cannot be detected in the circograph. Increased carbon content is decreasing conductivity and increasing resistivity, causing thephase to move slightly and decreasing the gap between noise signal and crack signal.
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Delabre, Benjamin. "Développement de capteurs flexibles à courants de Foucault : applications à la caractérisation des propriétés électromagnétiques des matériaux et à la détection de défauts par imagerie statique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS415/document.

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Ce travail de thèse porte sur le développement et l’optimisation de capteurs dans le cadre du contrôle non destructif (CND) par courants de Foucault (CF). Le manuscrit présente plusieurs réalisations de capteurs CF souples gravés sur film Kapton. Un premier volet décrit l’évaluation des paramètres électromagnétiques (conductivité électrique σ et perméabilité magnétique µ) des matériaux typiquement rencontrés en CND par CF. Des méthodes conventionnelles pour estimer σ et µ ont été investiguées et mises en œuvre : il s’agit de la méthode à quatre pointes et du perméamètre. Néanmoins, ces méthodes présentent des difficultés pratiques au regard de l’état de surface (peinture, corrosion,…) et de la géométrie de l’échantillon. Deux capteurs ont donc été conçus : le premier composé d’une bobine d’émission et d’une bobine de réception afin d’évaluer la conductivité des matériaux purement conducteurs, puis le second composé d’un bobinage émetteur et d’une GMR pour évaluer la perméabilité magnétique. La conception des motifs et des résultats expérimentaux sont présentés dans le manuscrit. Le second volet décrit le développement d’un imageur CF flexible statique. L’imageur est un capteur multiélément composé de 576 récepteurs disposés en matrice permettant d’inspecter la surface d’une pièce sans déplacement du capteur par rapport à cette dernière. Le contrôle par l’imageur statique permet d’obtenir une image pixélisée de la surface sous le capteur. L’imageur a été optimisé de manière à détecter un défaut surfacique d’au moins 1 mm de long et d’orientation donnée quel que soit son emplacement vis-à-vis des bobines réceptrices. La conception du capteur et son évaluation expérimentale sont donnés dans le manuscrit
The work of this thesis focuses on the development and the optimization of probes for non-destructive testing (NDT) by Eddy Currents (EC). The manuscript presents several achievements of flexible EC probes engraved on Kapton film. The first part describes the evaluation of the electromagnetic parameters (electrical conductivity σ and magnetic permeability µ) of materials typically encountered in NDT by EC. Conventional methods to estimate σ and μ have been investigated and implemented: it is the four-point probe and the permeameter. However, these methods present practical difficulties relating to the surface condition (paint, corrosion,…) and the sample geometry. Two probes have therefore been designed: the first is composed of a transmitting and a receiving coil in order to evaluate the conductivity of purely conductive materials, and the second is composed of a transmitter coil and a GMR for evaluate the magnetic permeability. Design patterns and experimental results are presented in the manuscript. The second part describes the development of a flexible static EC imager. The imager is a multielement probe composed of 576 receivers arranged in a matrix allowing to inspect the surface of a structure under test without moving the probe relative to the sample surface. The inspection by the static imager provides a pixelated image of the surface under the probe. The imager has been optimized to detect a surface defect of at least 1 mm long of given orientation regardless of its location relative to the receiver coils. The design of the probe and its experimental evaluation are given in the manuscript
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Adewale, Ibukun Dapo. "Multiple parameters based pulsed eddy current non-destructive testing and evaluation." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2766.

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Eddy current sensing technique is widely used primarily because of its high tolerance to harsh environments, low cost, broad bandwidth and ease of automation. And its variant, pulsed eddy current offers richer information of target materials. However, accurate detection and characterisation of defects remains a major challenge in the petro-chemical industry using this technique which leads to spurious detection and false alarm. A number of parameters are contributory, amongst which is the inhomogeneity of the materials, coupling variation effect and relatively large lift-off effect due to coating layers. These sometimes concurrently affect the response signal. For instance, harsh and dynamic operating conditions cause variation in the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability of materials. Also, there is the increased need to detect defects and simultaneously measure the coating layer. In practice therefore, multi-sensing modalities are employed for a comprehensive assessment which is often capital intensive. In contrast to this, multiple parameter delineation and estimation from a single transient response which is cost-effective becomes essential. The research concludes that multiple parameter delineation helps in mitigating the effect of a parameter of interest to improve the accuracy of the PEC technique for defect detection and characterisation on the one hand and for multi-parameter estimation on the other. This research, partly funded by the Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF), proposes use of a novel multiple parameter based pulsed eddy current NDT technique to address the challenges posed by these factors. Numerical modelling and experimental approaches were employed. The study used a 3D finite element model to understand, predict and delineate the effect of varying EM properties of test materials on PEC response; which was experimentally validated. Also, experimental studies have been carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed to estimate multiple parameters vis-à-vis defect depth (invariant of lift-off effects) and lift-off. The major contributions of the research can be summarised thus: (1) numerical simulation to understand and separate the effect of material magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity in pulsed eddy current measurements and experimental validation; (2) proposed the lift-off point of intersection (LOI) feature for defect estimation invariant of lift-off effects for ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic samples; a feature which is hitherto not apparent in ferromagnetic materials (a primary material used in the oil and gas industry); (3) separation and estimation of defect and the lift-off effects in magnetic sensor based pulsed eddy current response; and (4) application of the LOI feature and demonstration of increased defect sensitivity of the PEC technique with the proposed feature in both ferrous and non-ferrous conductive materials.
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Varonis, Orestes J. "Eddy Current Characterization of Stressed Steel and the Development of a Shaft Torque Eddy Current System." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1221065617.

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Hughes, Robert Rhys. "High-sensitivity eddy-current testing technology for defect detection in aerospace superalloys." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/79695/.

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Industrial eddy-current testing (ECT) inspections of aerospace superalloys, such as Titanium 6Al-4V, must reliably detect sub-millimetre surface breaking defects. The sensitivity of such measurements is hindered by the materials' low conductivity and high coherent background material noise, making the high sensitivity standards required by industry harder to achieve. It is demonstrated herein that using eddy-current array (ECA) technology also introduces inspection "blind-spots", whereby small defects could be missed. This supports the motivation to develop techniques for enhancing the sensitivity of typical ECT and ECA measurements. The early stage research and development of a novel ECT measurement method is presented, and shown to improve the standard measurement sensitivity of industrial ECT inspections. A defect signal enhancement phenomenon within a band of frequencies close to the electrical resonance of an ECT probe, termed near electrical resonance signal enhancement (NERSE), was observed and characterised. This phenomenon was demonstrated to be a direct result of the shifting resonant frequency of the probe in the presence of material discontinuities. Frequency sweeping chirp signals were used to generate electrical resonance traversing frequency spectra measurements of the inspection probe in the presence of material discontinuities. Critical feature analysis of the results demonstrated a correlation between defect dimensions and peak NERSE amplitude, but failed to draw any conclusive trends between discontinuity dimensions and the resonant frequency shift. This was attributed to the relatively small defect sample set used and the size of many of the machined defects being smaller than the diameter of the inspection coil. An ECT probe was excited at a single frequency carefully selected to correspond to the NERSE peak frequency. A study was performed to statistically analysis the sensitivity of this NERSE measurement compared to a standard excitation frequency measurement used in industry. The results demonstrated that a NERSE frequency inspection was able to reliably detect a defect size of 0.82mm, compared to 1.09mm achieved by a standard operating frequency.
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Li, Xin. "Eddy current techniques for non-destructive testing of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/eddy-current-techniques-for-nondestructive-testing-of-carbon-fibre-reinforced-plastic-cfrp(e8aa9a3f-108d-49a4-9f32-2e6118195898).html.

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AbstractThis thesis describes research on the use of eddy current techniques for nondestructivetesting of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP). The research hasinvolved bulk conductivity testing, fibre direction characterization and 3D FEMmodeling of the CFPR and eddy current probes geometry. In the conductivity testing,how the sample thickness, fibre volume content and fibre conductivity affects thesignal from the eddy current has been evaluated. Eddy current testing shows gooddirectionality as CFRP is an anisotropic material, thus is very suitable to characterizethe fibre orientation. Direction sensitive probes have been developed and tested toreveal information about the fibre direction and layer. Computer FEM software hasbeen used to analyze the magnetic field inside the sample and probes. Specific probegeometries have been designed depending on the electrical properties of thecomposites and testing requirement. The experiment, simulation and analysis resultsshow very good agreement. However, when the measuring frequency increases, noisesand parasitic capacitance inevitably become significant and have a negative influenceon the results. Improvements and further research are proposed which are believed tomake eddy-current techniques a more feasible and efficient measurement method, willcontribute to the development and maintenance of light weight CFRP composites.
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9

Deng, Xiaodong. "Nondestructive evaluation of thermal sprayed coating by acoustic microscopy and Eddy current testing." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0030/document.

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La thèse a mis en œuvre deux méthodes inverses pour l’évaluation non destructive d’un milieu multicouche anisotrope : la microscopie acoustique et les courants de Foucault. Pour la microscopie acoustique, nous avons adapté un modèle de propagation de l'onde acoustique dans un milieu multicouche, en calculant les coefficients de réflexion et de transmission d’un revêtement multicouche sur un substrat et en modélisant la réponse acoustique V(z) propre à la microscopie acoustique. Une méthode inverse utilisant l’algorithme de Levenberg-Marquardt donne accès à l’épaisseur, au module de Young et à la densité du revêtement. Pour les courants de Foucault, une méthode inverse similaire basée sur le formalisme de Tree a été mise au point, qui donne accès à l’épaisseur, à la conductivité électrique et à la perméabilité magnétique du revêtement. Après des vérifications de l’algorithme sur des matériaux massifs de référence, nous avons appliqué ces méthodes à un métal revêtu pour tuyauteries de centrale thermique : de l’acier inoxydable austénitique type 304 revêtu par pulvérisation thermique de superalliage Hastelloy C22 à base de nickel. La corrosion sèche sous l’effet des gaz chauds (air contenant du gaz SO2) amincit graduellement la paroi des tubes, ce qui peut les rendre dangereux. Il a fallu tenir compte de l’effet du grenaillage préalable à la pulvérisation, qui crée une mince couche de martensite à laquelle les courants de Foucault sont très sensibles : un modèle à trois couches substrat / martensite / revêtement a été utilisé. Nous avons caractérisé des échantillons de métal avant et après exposition à l’air avec ou sans SO2 à 650°C. Les deux méthodes d’évaluation non destructive permettent une détermination très satisfaisante de l’épaisseur de revêtement et se complètent bien. L’évaluation des caractéristiques physiques (acoustiques et électromagnétiques) met en évidence des hétérogénités du revêtement liées à son mode d’élaboration et des évolutions au cours du temps. Des pistes d’amélioration des méthodes sont proposées
In the current work, we investigate the nondestructive evaluation of a thermal sprayed coating (Hastelloy C22 Ni-based alloy) on substrate (type 304 austenitic stainless steel) using acoustic microscopy and ECT method. Two models were built for the evaluation of this kind of material: one is for acoustic V(z) measurement and the other is for swept eddy current measurement. The implementation of these two models is used for the evaluation and properties measurement of the thermal sprayed coatings, such as elastic properties, electromagnetic properties. In particular, the main achievements and results are as follows: 1. Acoustic wave propagation in an anisotropic multilayered medium was investigated. The formula for calculating the reflection and transmission coefficients of the multilayered medium on or without a substrate were derived, which is necessary for the modeling of acoustic V(z) measurement of the thermal sprayed coating on substrate. 2. A model was built for the acoustic V(z) measurement of the thermal sprayed coatings on substrate, which can deal with anisotropic multilayered media. Specifically, we used a model of multilayered coatings with graded properties on substrate to calculate the acoustic reflection coefficient of our sample. Treating the thermal sprayed coating, deposited on a 304 steel substrate, as FGMs, we evaluated the coating thickness and the Young’s modulus evolution along the depth of the coating. 3. A model was built for the swept eddy current measurement of the thermal sprayed coatings. Since before the spraying process, the surface of the substrate is usually shot-peened (SP), the coated material is considered as a three-layer medium. The coating thickness and electromagnetic properties of each of the 3 layers were determined by an effective reverse process. 4. The thermal sprayed coated material after exposure in different conditions, i.e., as-received, heat-treated in air and heat-treated in SO2 environment, and after different exposure time was evaluated by the integrity of acoustic microscopy and ECT method. The coating thickness and the electromagnetic properties of the coated material under different conditions were measured
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10

Matarezi, João Carlos. "Aplicação do ensaio de Eddy Current Phased Array em componentes aeroespaciais." Universidade de Taubaté, 2009. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=329.

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Na área de Ensaios Não Destrutivos, o ensaio por eddy current (correntes parasitas) é uma técnica eletromagnética largamente utilizada nas indústrias aeroespacial, nuclear e petroquímica. Esse ensaio detecta descontinuidades superficiais e subsuperficiais, prevenindo acidentes. A técnica phased array surgiu para suprir carências, como o enorme tempo gasto para execução do ensaio em materiais de geometria complexa e falta de registro do ensaio. Essa técnica, já bastante utilizada em outros países, ainda é pouco utilizada no Brasil, por não haver estudos que comprovem a viabilidade econômica, os níveis de detectabilidade de descontinuidades e a confiabilidade dos resultados. Este trabalho tem como objetivo comparar as técnicas do ensaio por Correntes Parasitas convencional com a técnica por phased array, em materiais e peças especificamente utilizados no setor aeronáutico e espacial. Foram selecionadas amostras de materiais e peças, para que pudessem ser aplicadas ambas as técnicas e comparados os resultados. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico das principais normas e especificações utilizadas neste segmento, para verificar a compatibilidade dos métodos. Para atender ao objetivo deste trabalho, foram realizados sete experimentos, variando o material e as técnicas. Após a realização dos ensaios, observou-se uma grande redução de tempo na execução do ensaio, com consequente redução de custos e maior detectabilidade das descontinuidades, com o uso da técnica por phased array. Portanto, baseado nos resultados encontrados, pode-se afirmar que a técnica por phased array pode ser utilizada neste segmento, com vantagens sobre a técnica convencional.
In the area of nondestructive testing, eddy current testing is an electromagnetic technique widely used in aerospace, nuclear and petrochemical industries. This test detects surface and subsurface discontinuities, preventing accidents. Phased array technique has emerged to fill in the gaps, as the enormous time spent implementing the test of large parts or complex geometry and lack of trial registration. This technique, already widely used in others countries, is not used in Brazil, there is no studies proving the economic viability, levels of detectability of discontinuities and reliability of the results. This study aims to compare the conventional technique by eddy current testing with phased array technique, in particular materials and parts used in aeronautics and space sector. Samples of materials and parts were prepared, so that could be applied both techniques and compared the results. A literature survey of the main standards and specifications for this segment was conducted to verify the compatibility of the methods. To meet the objective of this work, seven experiments were performed, varying the material and techniques. After the tests, there was a significant time reduction with the use of phased array technique, costs reduction and increased detectability of discontinuities. Based on the results, it can be said that phased array technique can be used in this segment, with advantages over the conventional technique.
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Books on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

1

Hagemaier, Donald J. Fundamentals of eddy current testing. Columbus, OH: American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1990.

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International, Workshop on Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation (10th 2004 East Lansing Mich ). Electromagnetic nondestructive evaluation (IX). Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2005.

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International, Workshop on Electromagnetic Nondestructive Evaluation (6th 2001 Budapest Hungary). Electromagnetic nondestructive evaluation (V). Amsterdam: IOS, 2001.

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Lahdenperä, Kari. Hitsien testaus pyörrevirtamenetelmällä. Espoo: Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus, 1989.

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5

Dodd, C. V. Improved eddy-current inspection for steam generator tubing progress report for period January 1985 to December 1987. Washington, DC: Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1990.

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Dodd, C. V. Improved eddy-current inspection for steam generator tubing progress report for period January 1985 to December 1987. Washington, DC: Division of Engineering, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1990.

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American Society for Nondestructive Testing., ed. Electromagnetic testing classroom training book. Columbus, OH: American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 2006.

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Sadek, Hussein. Electromagnetic testing lecture guide: RT. Columbus, OH: American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 2008.

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Theodoulidis, Theodoros P. Eddy current canonical problems (with applications to nondestructive evaluation). Forsyth, GA: Tech Science Press, 2006.

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Nancekievill, Graham John. Eddy-current testing of welds in tinplate containers. Uxbridge: Brunel University, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

1

de Halleux, B., Th Le Docte, M. Zergoug, and B. de Meester. "Eddy Currents Testing of Long Cylindrical Products with Long Solenoids." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 291–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0817-1_37.

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Dzenite, I. A., and M. Ya Antimirov. "New Convenient Formula for Impedance Change Calculation in Non-destructive Testing Problems by Control of Eddy Currents." In Taming Heterogeneity and Complexity of Embedded Control, 295–305. Newport Beach, CA USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470612217.ch17.

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Chen, Zhenmao, Cherdpong Jomdecha, and Shejuan Xie. "Eddy Current Testing." In Handbook of Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation, 645–728. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26553-7_40.

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Chen, Zhenmao, Cherdpong Jomdecha, and Shejuan Xie. "Eddy Current Testing." In Handbook of Advanced Non-Destructive Evaluation, 1–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30050-4_40-1.

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Thollon, F., and N. Burais. "Modelling and Characterisation of Pulsed Eddy Currents — Application to Non Destructive Testing in Riveted Assemblies Used in Aeronautics." In Electric and Magnetic Fields, 261–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1961-4_59.

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Hull, Barry, and Vernon John. "Electrical Test Methods (Eddy Current Testing)." In Non-Destructive Testing, 32–56. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-85982-5_4.

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Hull, Barry, and Vernon John. "Electrical Test Methods (Eddy Current Testing)." In Non-Destructive Testing, 32–56. New York, NY: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6297-5_4.

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Brauer, Hartmut, and Marek Ziolkowski. "Motion-Induced Eddy Current Testing." In Handbook of Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation, 781–825. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26553-7_25.

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Huang, Songling, and Shen Wang. "The Pulsed Eddy Current Testing." In New Technologies in Electromagnetic Non-destructive Testing, 41–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0578-7_2.

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Huang, Songling, and Shen Wang. "Low-Frequency Eddy Current Testing." In New Technologies in Electromagnetic Non-destructive Testing, 137–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0578-7_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

1

Etcheverry, Javier I., and Daniel H. Ziella. "Eddy currents benchmark analysis with COMSOL." In 40TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Incorporating the 10th International Conference on Barkhausen Noise and Micromagnetic Testing. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4865084.

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Rosado, Luis S., Moises Piedade, Tiago Catarrunas, and Pedro M. Ramos. "Real-time processing of multi-frequency eddy currents testing signals." In 2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2013.6555631.

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Bell, Robert J., and Albert S. Birks. "An Engineer’s Guide to Eddy Current Testing." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98297.

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This paper applies to individuals charged with maintaining the reliability of shell and tube heat exchangers. These persons typically specify and/or retain the services of others to examine heat exchangers with nondestructive test methods, such as eddy current and are responsible for submitting run-repair-replace recommendations to management. Electromagnetic Testing (ET) uses the electromagnetic characteristics of components made of conductive materials to determine their condition. Eddy Current Testing (ECT), an electromagnetic method that utilizes induced electrical currents, is usually used to examine non-ferromagnetic materials. ECT’s high rate of examination, relatively good accuracy with thin wall components, repeatability and volumetric measurement make it an ideal method for examining nonmagnetic heat exchanger tubes. This paper will provide a brief description of the method, concentrating on ECT because most power generation industry heat exchanger tubing is non-ferromagnetic in nature. This paper will also address the following: • Training and Certification of Technicians. • ET signal analysis, an exacting science? • ASME Section V, Appendix II vs. Appendix VIII for in-situ ECT of all heat exchanger tubing. • Signal analysis variables and limitations. • A need to know the potential degradation mechanisms. • Condition assessment vs. eddy current testing.
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Ramos, Helena Geirinhas, Tiago Rocha, Dário Pasadas, and Artur Lopes Ribeiro. "Determination of linear defect depths from eddy currents disturbances." In 40TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Incorporating the 10th International Conference on Barkhausen Noise and Micromagnetic Testing. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864992.

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Aguiam, Diogo E., Luis S. Rosado, Pedro M. Ramos, and Moises Piedade. "Portable instrument for eddy currents Non-Destructive Testing based on heterodyning techniques." In 2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2014.6860970.

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Rosado, Luis S., Pedro M. Ramos, M. Piedade, Telmo G. Santos, and P. Vilaca. "A reconfigurable digital signal processing system for eddy currents non-destructive testing." In 2010 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imtc.2010.5488183.

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Coleman, Grant A. "Self Excited Eddy Currents for the Detection of SCC." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64307.

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Self Excited Eddy Currents (SEEC) present a unique and novel method for internal inspection of natural gas transmission pipelines for the presence of features aligned with the main pipe axis such as Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC). This paper outlines the theory, methodology and basic design principles of building a SEEC based tool. Results from initial proof of concept testing are presented.
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Abrantes, Ruben, Luis S. Rosado, Pedro M. Ramos, and Moises Piedade. "Embedded measurement system for non-destructive testing using new eddy currents planar array probe." In 2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2014.6860811.

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Rosado, Luis, Fernando M. Janeiro, Pedro M. Ramos, and Moises Piedade. "Eddy currents testing defect characterization based on non-linear regressions and artificial neural networks." In 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc.2012.6229696.

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Goldshtein, A. E., V. F. Bulgakov, H. M. V. A. Kroning, S. A. Kalganov, and V. Y. Belyankov. "A method of eddy-current testing of bars and tubes based on the eddy currents with different frequencies of circular and longitudinal directions excitation." In 2012 7th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2012.6357712.

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Reports on the topic "Eddy currents testing"

1

Lareau, John P., Michael R. Larche, Aaron A. Diaz, and Carol A. Nove. Baseline Evaluation of Eddy Current Testing for PWSCC Susceptible Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1566775.

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Smoak, A. E., and W. T. Zollinger. Flowpath evaluation and reconnaissance by remote field Eddy current testing (FERRET). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10123845.

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Pace, David. Eddy Current Inspection, Sodium Bonder, and Wire Wrap Equipment Operational Testing Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1482123.

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Pitner, A. L. Acceptance testing of the eddy current probes for measurement of aluminum hydroxide coating thickness on K West Basin fuel elements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362554.

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