Academic literature on the topic 'Edgar (john edgar)'

John Edgar Wideman est l’auteur d’une œuvre puissante et lyrique qu’il s’agisse de romans, de nouvelles, d’essais ou de mémoires. Cette étude montre comment tout en s’inscrivant consciemment dans le sillage de la tradition africaine américaine, en contribuant à sa pérennité et en en célébrant sa richesse, il se démarque par une écriture résolument expérimentale, créative et complexe, ce qui fait de lui un écrivain « au-delà de l’héritage ». Elle s’intéresse d’abord au parcours de l’auteur car la genèse et la structuration de l’œuvre entière sont nourries par la biographie. Elle s’introduit ensuite dans l’histoire pour souligner sa répétition et par là même souligner le traumatisme causé par l’esclavage revécu et expérimenté à nouveau par les Noirs avec le racisme qui continue de gangrener les Etats-Unis. La question noire, toujours non résolue, permet à l’écrivain de se concentrer sur le paradigme de la race et la relation père/fils sur un plan très personnel tout en le situant dans le cadre plus vaste de l’histoire des Noirs américains et des relations raciales aux Etats-Unis. Elle étudie ensuite le contenu à la fois politique et social sans lequel l’œuvre serait exsangue. Elle concourt à alimenter une véritable réflexion sur les dysfonctionnements de la société américaine. Ses œuvres de fiction dénoncent et démontent avec autant de force que de précision les mécanismes économiques, l’exclusion sociale et l’aliénation qui en résulte, qui affecte et contribue au déclin de la vie communautaire africaine américaine. Enfin, elle traite des procédés mis en œuvre pour structurer, styliser le réel, rendre compte artistiquement d’une réalité sociale et politique en produisant un effet de beauté et le plaisir de la lecture. Le travail artistique, l’expérimentation illimitée de l’écriture de cet auteur est considérable et inséparable de la dimension politique et sociale. L’œuvre de Wideman charroie de nombreuses questions comme la survie culturelle, la paternité, le paradigme de la race, la sexualité, le trauma historique, le système pénal, la famille et la communauté noire. Elle pose de difficiles questions, des questions que beaucoup d’entre nous évitent consciemment de se poser ou ne prennent pas le temps de considérer
John Edgar Wideman is the author of a powerful, profound, unsettling and lyrical writings ranging from novels, essays to meditations. The present study examines how coming out of the African American tradition while contributing to its survival by way of celebrating its richness, John Edgar Wideman who is referred to as a–beyond heritage writer–reveals himself through empirical, creative and complex writings. This study points to the author’s life since its genesis as well as its structure, are entirely embedded with biographical insights about Wideman. The study then moves in depth into history in order to underline how its repeats itself, while at the same token points to the psychological trauma caused by the social slavery that African Americans are still undergoing in the twenty-first century as racism continues to shape American race relation. The persistent unsolved Black question gives tools to Wideman to focus on a very personal level upon the father/son race relation paradigm yet putting him in the collective history experienced by African Americans as it is related to race relation in America. This study further discusses the socio-political landscape without which Wideman’s writings would be non-existent. This study aims at generating a thoughtful analysis of the American society dysfunctions. Wideman’s fictional writings criticize and forcefully points to economic mechanisms, social exclusion and the alienation resulting from these social evils affecting and contributing to the decaying of the African American community. Wideman’s writing also discusses processes put into place to structure, idealize reality and account from a stylistic standpoint for a social and political reality by way of producing beauty effect and reading pleasure. The artistic work and the author’s unlimited writing experiments are unique and cannot be dissociated from their political and social dimensions. Wideman’s works examine a host of questions manely cultural survival, durability, racial paradigm, sexuality, historical trauma, incarceration system, family and the African American community. His writings also lay out unconventionnal questions that many among us would rather be consciously or unconsciously in denial of so as to disregard them

Control is a central issue in any text: does the author's intention or the reader's interpretation better explain the resulting meaning of the text? This question has long been the subject of debate among textual theorists; this essay proposes a middle ground, namely that the author and the reader engage in a collaborative effort to make meaning in a text.

Bien que la critique ait favorablement recu les premiers romans de john wideman, l'auteur s'est avise que ses efforts d'ecrivain engage ne touchaient pas le public desire. Destine a la culture afro-americaine, le message a vehiculer necessitait la creation d'une langue adaptee, litteraire et populaire a la fois. Le pari est gagne depuis la parution de la trilogie de homewood. Parler noir et lyrisme poetique nous apprennent que si la beaute et le bonheur de la communaute noire de jadis venaient de son unite, totalement desagregee aujourd'hui, il faut oeuvrer pour retrouver cette solidarite en retablissant la vraie communication. Elle seule permettra aux hommes d'installer un nouvel ordre. Au service de l'image de la communaute comblee, le style de wideman a un appel a la fois particulier et universel. Dans le langage d'interface qu'il a perfectionne, il encourage ses freres noirs a imiter l'exemple de ses personnages "pionniers", leur rappelant sans cesse qu'au prix d'un effort inlassable et d'un espoir inebranlable dans la realisation d'une entente parfaite, les plus desavantages de la terre pourront acceder a la dignnite et au bonheur qui, de nos jours, leur echappent
Despite critical acclaim for his first three novels, john wideman felt his purposes as a militant artist for the black cause were not being served. Consequently, he set out to make his style more accessible to a general audience while adapting afro-american speech tradition for literary representation. The measure of his success can be gauged by the homewood trilogy. A combination of black talk and poetic lyricism remind us that the beauty and happiness of the black community of old came from a sense of unity that has since vanished. Hope for reattaining that solidarity lies in reestablishing true communication, which in turn will allow the people to issue in a new order. Wideman's style of writing serves the image of the ideal community, launching an appeal that is paradoxically personal yet universal. In the special interface language that he has developed, he urges his fellow afro-americans to follow the example set by his "pioneer" characters, never to give up the battle nor their belief that one day, thanks to the spirit of mutual understanding, they might well attain the dignity and contentment which have so long been denied them

Si la réussite sociale exceptionnelle de John Edgar Wideman participe du schéma narratif canonique de la success story à l'américaine, elle fut dès le début minée par le statut minoritaire du héros. C'est à travers sa rupture avec l'institution et ses modes d'écriture, et une critique de la société américaine que l'écrivain affirme une démarche créatrice qui lui vaudra d'occuper une position centrale au sein des champs littéraire et intellectuel. Et ce, bien qu'une série de contraintes tendent, au contraire, à relativiser et marginaliser sa position. Dès lors, poser la question de l'exceptionnalité du destin de John Edgar Wide revenait non seulement à poser la question de l'émergence et de l'institutionnalisation de la figure de l'écrivain et, plus précisément, de l'écrivain africain américain, de la relation entre les champs littéraire et intellectuel et celui du pouvoir mais aussi de la condition noire dans la société étasunienne. En effet, comme en témoignent les destins de l'écrivain et de sa famille, dont il fera la matière de nombreux essais et fictions, le discrédit ou l'humiliation sociale et politique que constitue l'expérience historique de domination racialisée, sont sans cesse réactualisés par les rapports de domination du monde contemporain et leur violence symbolique détermine les dispositions des individus. L'essentiel de cette thèse a été consacré à la tentative d'objectiver l'acte de création et comprendre, à travers l'examen de la situation spécifique de l'écrivain, quelles furent les conditions de possibilité d'une démarche artistique authentiquement créatrice
If John Edgar Wideman's exceptional social achievement respects the canonical pattern of th American success story, it was undermined from the beginning by Wideman's minority status. It is through his rupture with the institution and his way of writing combined with his critique of the American society that Wideman was assured a creative process that would result in him occupying a central position within literary and intelectual fields. All this in spite of several constrains which would relativize and marginalize his position. At that point interrogating John Edgar Wideman's exceptional destiny meant not only interrogating the emergence and institutionalization of the figure of the writer, and more precisely, of the African-American writer in the American society or the relationship between the literary and intelectual fields with the one of power, but at the same time, I addressed the question of being black in the American society. In fact, as the writer and his family destinies are testifying, the discredit, the social and political humiliation that the historical experience of racial domination constituted are constantly revived by the power struggles of the contemporary world and their symbolic violence determines individual dispositions. The main point of my dissertation is an attempt to objectivize the act of creation and to understand, through the examination of the specific situation of the writer, which were the conditions of possibility of an authentic artistic and creative process

This thesis looks at how Wideman takes advantage of the associative function of metaphor, creating a vast network, or web, or interconnected images. In deviating from linguistic norms, and growing steadily from page to page, this web causes the novel to appear symbolic. It also appears to have a symbolic meaning of its own, possibly representing the intricate social and spiritual connections that comprise the novel's fictional community of Homewood.

John Edgar Wideman was born in Washington, DC, and reared in Pittsburgh’s Homewood community, which was predominately African American. At both topranked Peabody High School and the University of Pennsylvania, where he received his BA in 1963, he excelled academically and athletically. He was only the second African American to receive a Rhodes Scholarship (1966) to study at Oxford University. He taught at the University of Iowa’s Writers’ Workshop, the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Brown University, and other institutions....

The classical detective story format, originated from Edgar Allan Poe’s tales of ratiocination, has spread into all kinds of different media over the past century, transforming itself each time to make better use of each medium’s specificities. This paper stems from John Cawelti's studies about the literary formula of the detective narrative, using them as a base to analyze E. A. Poe's short story “Murders in the Rue Morgue” and Lucas Pope’s videogame Return of the Obra Dinn. I seek to understand how the literary conventions of the genre were adapted, transposed and recreated in the interactive medium. Through Cawelti’s framework for the classical detective story formula, the analysis focuses on four main patterns found in the genre: (1) situation, (2) action, (3) characters and relationships and (4) setting. I will argue here that the element of interaction is responsible for modifying the most important component of the literary genre: the detective figure. This important change alters the purpose of the detective story genre itself; however, it also makes for an experience which is more on par with the literary detective’s actions as well.

RESUMO A sociedade atual vive em um contexto tumultuoso, sendo comum as pessoas viverem de forma mais estressadas, se alimentando mal e convivendo cada vez menos com as pessoas, perdendo oportunidades de fazer e manter relacionamentos pessoais. Como este estilo de vida está saturado, gerando problemas de saúde aos indivíduos, existem diversos estudos que comprovam a tendência de que as pessoas buscarão um melhor aproveitamento do seu tempo, com um maior contato com a natureza, dando valor ao seu próprio bem-estar, prestando mais atenção no que consome e em como consome, assim como a valorização do prazer de estar em um meio social. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir por meio da visão sistêmica e do design, o incentivo e a prática da filosofia Slow Food, e dessa forma, promover a preocupação com uma saudável forma de alimentação e a ação colaborativa entre as pessoas, em que um indivíduo possa cooperar com o outro, resgatando o convívio e socialização. Assim, pretende-se atuar em pequenas unidades urbanas externas, como prédios, condomínios, praças e avenidas com intuito de criação de um artefato que motive a prática dessa filosofia, assim como impulsione também as práticas colaborativas nestes locais, buscando a integração social e desenvolvimento econômico e ambiental, atendendo os princípios da sustentabilidade e o desenvolvimento local. O método de pesquisa usado é descritivo, em que se observou e analisou as situações e relações dos indivíduos, tanto de forma individual quanto as relações em sociedade. Os instrumentos escolhidos para coleta de dados foram o questionário, entrevistas e observações abertas, feitas informalmente ao decorrer das entrevistas. Neste trabalho integrou-se dois métodos de projeto, a ferramenta HCD/IDEO (Human Centered Design - Design Centrado no Ser Humano), usado como base, com técnicas para o entendimento dos desejos e necessidades da comunidade estudada e o Guia de projeto NASDesign/UFSC (Núcleo de Abordagem Sistêmica do Design/Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina), dividido em três fases: Sentir, Agir e Realizar, como complementação. Ao final, conclui-se que o modelo físico do produto proposto atende uma lista de requisitos divididos em três grande grupo: requisitos de produto, referentes à forma, materiais e texturas do objeto; requisitos do usuário, referente a necessidade entendida a partir do tipo de ambiente em que o produto está, e de como ele está sendo usado e aos requisitos do contexto de uso, que consiste nas necessidades do usuário observado durante a pesquisa.Palavras Chaves: design de produto, slow food, sustentabilidade. REFERÊNCIAS ANDRADE, Aurélio L. et al. 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Disponível em <http://www.slowmovement.com/slow_living.php> Acesso em: 4 de out. 2016. STICKDORN,Marc. Isto é design thinking de serviços/ Marc Stickdorn, Jakob Schneider e coautores ; tradução: Mariana Bandarra ; revisão técnica : Clarissa Biolchini. Porto Alegre : Bookman, 2014. SUDJIC, Deyan. A Linguagem das Coisas. Rio de Janeiro: Intrínseca, 2010. THACKARA, John. Plano B: o design e as alternativas viáveis em um mundo complexo - tradução Cristina Yamagami - São Paulo : Saraiva : Versar, 2008. 299 p. VALENTE, Edison. Slow Design. Revista Planeta: Ambiente: out.2013. Disponível em: <http://revistaplaneta.terra.com.br/secao/ambiente/slow-design>. Acesso em: 30 out. 2016. 58 VEZZOLI, Carlo. Design de sistemas para a sustentabilidade: teoria, métodos e ferramentas para o design sustentável de sistemas de satisfação. Salvador: EDUFUBRA, 2010. 343p.