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Basamh, Mohammed, Antony Robert, Julie Lamoureux, Rajeet Singh Saluja, and Judith Marcoux. "Epidural Hematoma Treated Conservatively: When to Expect the Worst." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 43, no. 1 (June 5, 2015): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2015.232.
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ABSTRACTBackground: The Brain Trauma Foundation’s 2006 surgical guidelines have objectively defined the epidural hematoma (EDH) patients who can be treated conservatively. Since then, the literature has not provided adequate clues to identify patients who are at higher risk for EDH progression (EDHP) and conversion to surgical therapy. The goal of our study was to identify those patients. Methods: We carried a retrospective review over a 5-year period of all EDH who were initially triaged for conservative management. Demographic data, injury severity and history, neurological status, use of anticoagulants or anti-platelets, radiological parameters, conversion to surgery and its timing, and Glasgow Outcome Scale were analyzed. Bivariate association and further logistic regression were used to point out the significant predictors of EDHP and conversion to surgery. Results: 125 patients (75% of all EDH) were included. The mean age was 39.1 years. The brain injury was mild in 62.4% of our sample and severe in 14.4%. Only 11.2% of the patients required surgery. Statistical comparison showed that younger age (p< 0.0001) and coagulopathy (p=0.009) were the only significant factors for conversion to surgery. There was no difference in outcomes between patients who had EDHP and those who did not. Conclusions: Most traumatic EDH are not surgical at presentation. The rate of conversion to surgery is low. Significant predictors of EDHP are coagulopathy and younger age. These patients need closer observation because of a higher risk of EDHP. Outcome of surgical conversion was similar to successful conservative management.
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Sheombar, Haydee. "Logistics Coordination in Dyads: Some Theoretical Foundations for EDI-Induced Redesign." Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce 7, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 153–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327744joce0702&3_3.
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Sheombar, Haydee S. "Logistics Coordination in Dyads: Some Theoretical Foundations for EDI-Induced Redesign." Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce 7, no. 2-3 (June 1997): 153–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10919392.1997.9681070.
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Furst-Holloway, Stacie, and Kathi Miner. "ADVANCEing women faculty in STEM: empirical findings and practical recommendations from National Science Foundation ADVANCE institutions." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-03-2019-295.
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Staib, Andrew, Clair Sullivan, Cara Joyce Cabilan, Rohan Cattell, and Rob Eley. "Digital transformation of the emergency department-inpatient interface (EDii): integration for future innovation." Australian Health Review 44, no. 5 (2020): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18176.
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As the focus of clinicians and government shifts from speciality-based care to system-based key performance indicators such as the National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) or the 4-h rule, integration between emergency department (ED) and inpatient clinical workflows and information systems is becoming increasingly necessary. Such system measures drive the implementation of integrated electronic medical records (ieMR) to digitally integrate these workflows. The objective of this case study was to describe the impact of digital transformation of the ED–in-patient interface (EDii) of a large tertiary hospital on process measures and clinical outcomes for patients requiring emergency admission to hospital. Data were collected from routine clinical and administrative information systems to measure process and clinical outcome measures, including ED length of stay, compliance with the 4-h rule and in-patient mortality between 28 November 2014 and 28 February 2017. The 4-h rule compliance for all patients, as well as for the EDii group (admitted to hospital excluding short stay ward), declined after digitisation. There were 55 fewer deaths in the postintervention group (15% relative reduction; P = 0.02) and a 10% relative reduction in adjusted mortality as measured by the Hospital Standardised Mortality Ratio for emergency patients (eHSMR), which did not reach statistical significance. Digital deceleration in ED performance did occur with an ieMR rollout, but worsening of key patient outcomes was not observed. What is known about this topic? Much has been written about the introduction of electronic medical records (EMRs) in emergency departments. This work sits alongside a substantial body of evidence outlining the relationship between process measures of ED performance and important patient outcomes. However, much less is known about the impact of digital transformation on the complex adaptive system that is the EDii and the impact of digitisation on the vulnerable group of patients who require emergency admission to hospital. What does this paper add? The objective of this case study was to describe the effect of a rapid rollout of an integrated EMR. This EMR simultaneously transformed care delivery both in the ED and the inpatient space and impacted on the politically and clinically sensitive performance and outcome measures of the EDii in a large tertiary hospital. The present study is the first that specifically examined the effect of digitisation at the EDii. What are the implications for practitioners? The understanding that digital deceleration will occur, but that with good patient outcome monitoring worsening of key patient outcomes is not likely to occur, now holds a key place in digital transformation planning. The measures of the EDii examined in this case study provide a foundation for this montoring.
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Gonzalez, Cristiani Pereira de Morais, and Maria Creusa de Araújo Borges. "Repensando a educação em direitos humanos a partir das teorias universalistas, relativistas e confluentes." Revista Interdisciplinar de Direitos Humanos 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 161–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/ridh.v9i1.46.
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Considerando a relevância da fundamentação dos direitos humanos e a inter-relação que há entre estes e a Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH), constituem objeto de estudo as concepções de direitos humanos e de EDH formuladas à luz das teorias universalistas, relativistas e confluentes (ou convergentes) que tensionam o campo da pesquisa nessa matéria de cunho eminentemente interdisciplinar. Parte-se do pressuposto que essas abordagens são constitutivas do campo da EDH, tensionando as concepções, modelos e metodologias inerentes a esse campo. As teorias que fundamentam os direitos humanos (dizendo o que eles são) ocasionam implicações na fundamentação da segunda (no que se entende por EDH, suas concepções e modelos). A abordagem metodológica é de cunho eminentemente bibliográfico, pautada nos procedimentos histórico e comparativo. Ao final, sustenta-se, como adequada ao contexto atual, a concepção de EDH que é fundada nas teorias convergentes, quer dizer, uma EDH que constitui um processo formativo com fundamento na complexidade dos direitos humanos, e que tensiona fornecer condições aos sujeitos para que lutem por sua (ou de outrem) dignidade humana.
Replanteamiento de la educación en derechos humanos desde las teorías universalista, relativista y confluente
Considerando la relevancia de la fundamentación de los derechos humanos y la interrelación que existe entre éstos y la Educación en Derechos Humanos (EDH), el objeto de estudio son las concepciones de los derechos humanos y la EDH formuladas a la luz de las teorías universalistas, relativistas y confluentes (o convergentes) que tensionan el campo de investigación en esta materia eminentemente interdisciplinaria. Se asume que estos enfoques son constitutivos del campo del EDH, tensando las concepciones, modelos y metodologías inherentes a este campo. Las teorías que fundamentan los derechos humanos (diciendo lo que son) tienen implicaciones en la fundamentación de estos últimos (en lo que se entiende por EDH, sus concepciones y modelos). El enfoque metodológico es eminentemente bibliográfico, basado en procedimientos históricos y comparativos. En definitiva, se sostiene, como adecuado al contexto actual, el concepto de EDH que se fundamenta en las teorías convergentes, es decir, una EDH que constituye un proceso formativo basado en la complejidad de los derechos humanos, y que se esfuerza por proporcionar las condiciones para que los sujetos luchen por su dignidad humana (o la de otros).
Palabras clave: Educación en derechos humanos. Teorías de los derechos humanos. La dignidad humana.
Rethinking on human rights education from universalist, relativist and confluent theories
Considering the relevance of the foundation of human rights and the interrelationship that exists between these and Human Rights Education (HRE), the object of study is the conceptions of human rights and HRE formulated in the light of universalist, relativist and confluent (or convergent) theories that tension the field of research in this eminently interdisciplinary subject. It is assumed that these approaches are constitutive of the field of HRE, straining the conceptions, models and methodologies inherent to this field. The theories that ground human rights (saying what they are) have implications for the grounding of the latter (on what is meant by HRE, its conceptions and models). The methodological approach is eminently bibliographical in nature, based on historical and comparative procedures. At the end, it is sustained, as appropriate to the current context, the concept of HRE that is founded on converging theories, that is, an HRE that constitutes a formative process based on the complexity of human rights, and that strives to provide conditions for subjects to fight for their (or others’) human dignity.
Keywords: Human rights education. Theories of human rights. Human dignity.
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Haque, MM Ehsanul, Shamima Sultana, Md Saiful Alam, Kamalesh Saha, and Wahida Begum. "Socio-demographic Characteristics of Extradural Haematoma (EDH) Patients: Expeience of 63 Cases in Bangladesh." Journal of Science Foundation 15, no. 2 (August 28, 2018): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v15i2.37783.
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Banckgroud: Extradural haematoma can occur due to head injury to different group of people.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographihc characteristics of extradural haemorrahge (EDH) patients attended at a tertiary care hospital Dhaka city.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2001 to July 2003 for a period of two (2) years. Patients with the history of head trauma admitted in Neurosurgery unit of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital which were being diagnosed as EDH both clinically and radiologically were included as study population. Head injury patient with subdural haematoma, intracerebral haematoma, EDH associated with ASDH or ICH were excluded form this study. The diagnosis of EDH was made by clinically and by non contrast CT-scan in all patients. The details of socio-demographihc chacteristics among the patients were recorded.Result: A total 63 patients were included. In this study maximum patients were in the age group 21 to 30 years which was 26(41.3%) cases. The ratio between male and female was 14.75:1. Among 59 male patients, 15(25.4%) cases were pedestrian; 10(16.9%) cases were driver or helper; 14(23.7%) cases were passenger; 13(22.0%) cases were labourer and 7(11.8%) caseswere rickshaw puller. Among female out of 4 patients, 2 (3.1%) were garment workers , 2(3.1%) were house wife. Majority were poor socio-ecnomic condition which was 41(65.1%) cases followed by middle and high which were 17(27.0%) and 5(7.9%) cases respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion young male patients coming from poor socio-economic condtion are the most common acute extra dural haemorrahge patients.Journal of Science Foundation, July 2017;15(2):52-56
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Gordon, John-Stewart, and Felice Tavera-Salyutov. "Remarks on disability rights legislation." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 37, no. 5 (June 18, 2018): 506–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-12-2016-0114.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine and comment on disability rights legislation by focusing on international documents on people with impairments of the last decades, in order to provide more information on the dynamics of the disability rights movement and their moral plea for full inclusion. Design/methodology/approach By analyzing the international legislation and most important guidelines with respect to people with impairments, it is possible to portray a socio-political change by unfolding the agenda of the historical dimension of the decisive events. Findings The long and difficult struggle of people with impairments to beneficiaries of full human rights protection is a fundamental socio-political change that is documented by adhering to important international legislation and guidelines. Originality/value The examination of recent international legislation with respect to people with impairments provides historical context for current developments in the context of disability and full inclusion by conceding human rights as their moral and legal foundation.
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DeAro, Jessie, Sharon Bird, and Shermaine Mitchell Ryan. "NSF ADVANCE and gender equity." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2017-0188.
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Purpose Supporting the advancement of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in ways that help to ensure the health, prosperity, welfare and security of the nation has been central to the mission of the US National Science Foundation (NSF) since 1950, the year Congress created the agency. Preparing a highly qualified and diverse STEM workforce plays a central role in supporting this mission. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Over the past several decades, many positive steps have been taken throughout the US education system to help ensure a more diverse STEM workforce. Even so, women remain underrepresented among STEM faculty in higher education, especially at the upper ranks. Contributing to women’s underrepresentation are systemic obstacles to the recruitment, retention and promotion of women of different racial, ethnic, disability, sexual orientations and nationality statuses. Findings The NSF ADVANCE Program is designed to address these barriers. Success for ADVANCE is, therefore, best defined in terms of the changes made to the structures and climates of academic workplaces, rather than in numbers of women hired, retained or promoted in any one institution at a given point in time. Originality/value This introduction briefly examines the origins of ADVANCE, key transitions in the program over time, its reach nationally and internationally, and its future.
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Bird, Sharon, and Melissa Latimer. "Examining models of departmental engagement for greater equity." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2017-0182.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine two types of departmental interventions focused on creating healthier and more equitable academic departments as well as enhancing faculty members’ capacity for collective dialogue, goals and work. Both interventions were informed by the “dual-agenda” approach and focused on targeted academic units over a prolonged period.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a variety of qualitative and quantitative data (including National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE indicator data) to assess the potential of dual-agenda informed interventions in reducing gendered structures and gendered dynamics.FindingsThe authors outline essential components of a dual-agenda model for maximizing success in creating more gender equitable work organizations and discuss why the authors are more optimistic about the dual-agenda approaches than many past researchers have been in terms of the potential of the dual-agenda model for promoting more equal opportunities in work organizations.Originality/valueMost previous dual-agenda projects referenced in the literature have been carried out in non-academic contexts. The projects examined here, however, were administered in the context of multiple academic departments at two medium-sized, public US universities. Although other NSF ADVANCE institutional transformation institutions have included extensive department-focused transformation efforts (e.g. Brown University, Purdue University and Syracuse University), the long-term benefits of these efforts are not yet fully understood; nor have systematic comparisons been made across institutions.
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Shea, Christine M., Mary Fran Fran T. Malone, Justin R. Young, and Karen J. Graham. "Interactive theater: an effective tool to reduce gender bias in faculty searches." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2017-0187.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the development, implementation and impact evaluation of an interactive theater-based workshop by the ADVANCE program at the University of New Hampshire (UNH). The workshop is part of a larger institutional transformation program funded by the National Science Foundation. Design/methodology/approach This institutional transformation program relied upon a systems approach to diagnose potential causes for the underrepresentation of women faculty in certain disciplines. This revealed that increasing awareness of, and reducing, implicit gender bias among members of faculty search committees could, in time, contribute to increasing the representation of women faculty at UNH. A committee charged with developing a faculty workshop to achieve this change identified interactive theater as an effective faculty training approach. The committee oversaw the development of customized scripts, and the hiring of professional actors and a facilitator to implement the workshop. Findings The workshop’s effectiveness in fulfilling its goals was assessed using faculty hiring and composition data, program evaluations, participant interviews and questions in an annual faculty climate survey. Findings indicate that the representation of women faculty increased significantly at UNH since the implementation of the interactive theater workshop. Analysis of the multiple sources of data provides corroborating evidence that a significant portion of the increase is directly attributable to the workshop. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of interactive theater-based workshops in an academic environment and of the systems approach in diagnosing and solving organizational problems.
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Phungsoonthorn, Tipnuch, and Peerayuth Charoensukmongkol. "Antecedents and outcomes associated with a sense of place toward the organization of Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 39, no. 2 (December 17, 2019): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-06-2019-0177.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine some of the antecedents and outcomes associated with a sense of place (SOP) on the part of Myanmar migrant workers working in Thailand toward their place of work. The transformational leadership of top management and diversity climate were selected as the antecedent variables, whereas turnover intention was selected as the outcome variable. Belongingness theory and social identity theory were used as the theoretical foundation to support the roles of these variables. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from Myanmar migrant workers working at two factories in Thailand (n=736). Partial least squares regression was used for the data analysis. Findings The results support a negative linkage between SOP and turnover intention. The positive contribution of transformational leadership of top management and diversity climate to SOP was also supported. Moreover, diversity climate was found to partially mediate the positive contribution of transformational leadership of top management to SOP. Finally, the analysis found that the linkage between diversity climate and SOP was positively moderated by the length of stay of the Myanmar migrant workers in the organization. Originality/value This study provides new evidence showing that SOP also matters for foreign migrant workers in terms of developing emotional attachment to the workplace outside their home country and that these workers were less likely to leave the workplace although they were a culturally minority group in the organization. This research also provides new evidence concerning the role of the transformational leadership of top management and workplace climate, which were antecedents of an SOP toward the organization.
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Marfelt, Mikkel Mouritz. "Grounded intersectionality." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 35, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2014-0034.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to build on contemporary intersectional literature to develop a grounded methodological framework for the study of social differences. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic literature review serves as the foundation for a discussion of the challenges associated with intersectional research. The findings assist in positioning the proposed methodological framework within recent intersectional debates. Findings – The review shows a rise in intersectional publications since the birth of the “intersectionality” term in 1989. Moreover, the paper points to four tensions within the field: a tension between looking at or beyond oppression; a tension between structural-oriented and process-oriented perspectives; an apparent incommensurability among the macro, meso, and micro levels of analysis; and a lack of coherent methodology. Research limitations/implications – On the basis of the highlighted tensions in contemporary research as well as the limitations of that research, the present presents a methodological framework and a discussion of the implications of that framework for the wider diversity literature. Practical implications – The paper suggests an empirically grounded approach to studying differences. This provides an opportunity, for scholars and practitioners, to reassess possible a priori given assumptions, and open up to new explorations beyond conventional identity theorization. Social implications – The paper suggests a need for an empirically grounded approach to studying social differences, which would not only create an opportunity to reassess common assumptions but also open up for explorations beyond conventional identity theorizations. Originality/value – The framework departs from traditional (critical) diversity scholarship, as it is process oriented but still emphasizes stable concepts. Moreover, it does not give primacy to oppression. Finally, it adopts a critical stance on the nature of the macro, meso, and micro levels as dominant analytical perspectives. As a result, this paper focusses on the importance of intersectionality as a conceptual tool for exploring social differences.
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de Vries, Jennifer Anne, and Marieke van den Brink. "Transformative gender interventions." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 35, no. 7/8 (September 19, 2016): 429–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2016-0041.
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Purpose Translating the well-established theory of the gendered organization into strategic interventions that build more gender equitable organizations has proven to be difficult. The authors introduce the emergence of the “bifocal approach” and its subsequent development and examine the potential of the “bifocal approach” as a feminist intervention strategy and an alternative means of countering gender inequalities in organizations. While pre-existing transformative interventions focus on more immediately apparent structural change, the focus begins with the development of individuals. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Developed through iterative cycling between theory and practice, the “bifocal approach” links the existing focus on women’s development with a focus on transformative organizational change. The bifocal approach deliberately begins with the organization’s current way of understanding gender in order to build towards frame-breaking transformative change. Findings The authors show how the bifocal is able to overcome some of the main difficulties of earlier transformative approaches, maintaining organizational access, partnership building, sustaining a gender focus and ultimately sustaining the change effort itself. The bifocal approach seeks structural change, however, the change effort rests with individuals. The development of individuals, as conceived within the bifocal approach was designed to create a “small wins” ripple effect, linking individual (agency) and organizational change (structure). Practical implications The bifocal approach offers a comprehensive re-modelling of traditional interventions for other scholars and practitioners to build on. Organizational interventions previously categorized as “fixing women” could be re-examined for their capacity to provide the foundation for transformative change. Originality/value The contribution of this paper lies in proposing and examining the bifocal approach as a feminist intervention strategy that overcomes the dualism between the existing frames of organizations and the transformative frame of scholars, in order to move practice and theory forward.
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Yenjela, Wafula. "Against white supremacism: whistle blower Kylie Thomas and Open Stellenbosch movement." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 40, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-12-2019-0299.
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PurposeThe purpose of this article is to underscore postcolonial approaches that undercut racial inequities as they foster racial equality and inclusivity at higher institutions of learning, especially in racialised spaces in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis article dwells on whistleblowing as a channel of demythologising Whiteness in South African universities. While the #RhodesMustFall movement at University of Cape Town enjoyed much critical attention, concurrent movements in other universities such as Open Stellenbosch movement did not. This could be attributable to the methods used, especially whistleblowing, an unorthodox method employed to radically question university symbols, to disrupt racial superiority. In revisiting the movement's campaigns, the article specifically highlights Kylie Thomas' whistleblowing to underscore the role of humanities in fostering social transformation beginning with spaces of knowledge production such as universities.FindingsThe research found that challenging apartheid murals and monuments on South African institutions of higher learning required aggressive but creative approaches. This called for unmasking foundations of White supremacism. Whistle blowing and activism against White supremacism boldly confronted apartheid legacies that appear to be well preserved.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to the 2015 South African student movements. The emphasis is on Open Stellenbosch movement which has received lesser critical attention compared to #RhodesMustFall. It envisions equality, diversity and inclusion in learning institutions which is achievable only through robust activist approaches to institutional/systemic racism in the institutions, rather than armchair theorising.Originality/valueThis article examines ways in which unorthodox methods such as whistlelowing and activism work to disrupt regimented White supremacism in an institution of higher learning founded on racist ethos.
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Laursen, Sandra L., and Kristine De Welde. "The changer and the changed." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 140–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2017-0192.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the evolving theories of change of the US National Science Foundation’s (NSF) ADVANCE program to increase the representation of women on academic faculties in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). ADVANCE supports efforts to transform the cultures and structures of US institutions of higher education by removing gendered barriers to STEM faculty women’s employment, advancement and success, and by developing change strategies that others may adopt.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study is based on qualitative, longitudinal analysis of nine requests for proposals (RfPs) for the ADVANCE program (2001–2016), complemented by historical analysis of funded ADVANCE projects using public records.FindingsThe analysis identifies changes over time that suggest shifts in NSF’s rationale and theory of change for ADVANCE. Increased guidance directs how institutions should best undertake change, document outcomes and share best practices. The RfPs reveal growing attention to equity, rather than simply to representation, and to intersectionality – how gender, race, social class and other identities intersect to produce disparate experiences and outcomes for individuals differently positioned in social systems. Gendered organizations theory helps to place these experiences and outcomes in a structural context. Iterative processes of organizational learning are postulated to account for these changes over time.Originality/valueWhile many studies have examined ADVANCE projects’ activities and outcomes, none have examined the premises and design of the ADVANCE program itself. This analysis offers insight into how the ADVANCE RfP has driven innovation and learning about transformative institutional change to advance gender equity in STEM.
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Van Miegroet, Helga, Christy Glass, Ronda Roberts Callister, and Kimberly Sullivan. "Unclogging the pipeline: advancement to full professor in academic STEM." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-09-2017-0180.
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Purpose Women remain underrepresented in academic STEM, especially at the highest ranks. While much attention has focused on early-career attrition, mid-career advancement is still largely understudied and undocumented. The purpose of this paper is to analyze gender differences in advancement to full professor within academic STEM at a mid-size public doctoral university in the western USA, before and after the National Science Foundation (NSF)-ADVANCE Program (2003–2008). Design/methodology/approach Using faculty demographics and promotion data between 2008 and 2014, combined with faculty responses to two waves of a climate survey, the magnitude and longevity of the impact of ADVANCE on mid-career faculty advancement across gender is evaluated. Findings This study documents increased representation of women in all ranks within the STEM colleges, including that of full professor due to ADVANCE efforts. It also demonstrates the role of greater gender awareness and formalization of procedures in reducing the variability in the time as associate professor until promotion to full professor for all faculty members, while also shrinking gender disparities in career attainment. As a result of the codification of the post-tenure review timeline toward promotion, more recently hired faculty are promoted more swiftly and consistently, irrespective of gender. Post-ADVANCE, both male and female faculty members express a greater understanding of and confidence in the promotion process and no longer see it as either a hurdle or source of gender inequality in upward career mobility. Research limitations/implications While data were collected at a single university, demographics and career experiences by women mirror those at other research universities. This study shows that within a given institution-specific governance structure, long-lasting effects on faculty career trajectories can be achieved, by focusing efforts on creating greater transparency in expectations and necessary steps toward promotion, by reducing barriers to information flown, by standardizing and codifying the promotion process, and by actively engaging administrators as collaborators and change agents in the transformation process. Originality/value This study addresses mid-career dynamics and potential mechanisms that explain gender gaps in the promotion to full professor, a largely understudied aspect of gender disparities in career attainment within STEM. It shows how institutional policy changes, intended to alleviate gender disparities, can benefit the career trajectories of all faculty members. Specifically, this study highlights the crucial role of codifying procedures and responsibilities in neutralizing subjectivity and inconsistencies in promotion outcomes due to varying departmental climates.
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Shaik, Mohammed N., and Walid Abdul-Kader. "Interorganizational Information Systems Adoption in Supply Chains." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 6, no. 1 (January 2013): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jisscm.2013010102.
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Supply chain management (SCM) enabled by advances in technology, aims to develop a technical infrastructure linking technology and people, in an effort to align the technology with the capabilities of the organization and among its trading partners. This has led to the importance of the interorganizational information system (IOS) which has been increasingly recognized by organizations. There are several IOS types, including B2B electronic commerce (EC), customer-oriented strategic systems, EDI and electronic markets. The factors influencing the adoption of these systems are presented in the literature, but the IOS adoption in supply chains with supply chain context specific antecedents is very limited. To fill the gap in the literature, in this study a comprehensive model is built on the foundations of technology adoption at the organizational levels and by examining the supply chain context specific antecedents behind the motivations of adoption of technology in supply chains. The developed TOESCM research framework considers the TOE (technological-organizational-environmental) framework and SCM context specific antecedents such as information sharing, interorganizational relationships, and collaboration among trading partners to determine the adoption of IOS in supply chains.
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Bilimoria, Diana, and Lynn T. Singer. "Institutions Developing Excellence in Academic Leadership (IDEAL)." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 38, no. 3 (April 15, 2019): 362–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-10-2017-0209.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the objectives, activities and outcomes of the National Science Foundation ADVANCE project, Institutions Developing Excellence in Academic Leadership (IDEAL) during 2009–2012. The goal of IDEAL was to create an institutional learning community empowered to develop and leverage knowledge, skills, resources and networks to transform academic cultures and enhance gender equity, diversity and inclusion in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) disciplines at six research universities in the northern Ohio region. Over the three-year period, these institutions developed academic leaders and institutionalized gender equity transformation through multi-dimensional and multi-level initiatives, improving the advancement and leadership of women faculty in STEM disciplines.Design/methodology/approachThe authors describe the objectives, activities and outcomes of the NSF ADVANCE project, IDEAL during 2009–2012. The six research institutions included in IDEAL were Bowling Green State University, Case Western Reserve University (the lead institution), Cleveland State University, Kent State University, University of Akron and University of Toledo.FindingsIDEAL’s outcomes included the institutionalization of a number of gender equity initiatives at each university, an increase in the number of tenured women faculty in science and engineering disciplines over three years across the six universities, and increases in the numbers of women in faculty and administrative leadership positions. Out of 62 of the IDEAL participants (co-directors and change leaders), 25 were promoted or appointed to roles of leadership within or beyond their institutions during or after their participation in IDEAL. A number of new institutional collaborations and exchanges involving the six universities occurred during and emerged from IDEAL. An integrative model of the IDEAL program is developed, describing the nested components of each institution’s gender equity transformation within the IDEAL partnership consortium and the larger NSF ADVANCE community, and highlighting the dynamic interactions between these levels.Social implicationsThe IDEAL program demonstrates that systemic change to achieve equity for women and underrepresented minority faculty in STEM disciplines must be rooted on individual campuses but must also propagate among higher education systems and the broader scientific community. The effort to develop, sustain and expand the IDEAL partnership model of institutional transformation (IT) in higher education illuminates how innovative, context-sensitive, cost-effective and customized institutional strategies may be implemented to advance gender equity, diversity, inclusion and leadership of women faculty at all levels across the country.Originality/valueThis is an original description of a unique and distinctive partnership among research universities to foster gender equity IT. The manuscript details the objectives, activities and outcomes of the IDEAL program, established with the aim of broadening participation in the STEM academic workforce and advancing gender equity, diversity and inclusion in institutions of higher education. An integrative model is developed, illustrating the key components and outcomes of the IDEAL program.
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Silva, Cristóvão Teixeira Rodrigues, and Antonio Basilio Novaes Thomaz de Menezes. "Educação em direitos humanos na América Latina: fundamentos para uma prática educativa democrática." Revista Interdisciplinar de Direitos Humanos 9, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/ridh.v9i1.50.
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O presente trabalho busca compreender quais os fundamentos da Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH) na América Latina, identificando as possíveis rupturas e continuidades com o projeto social delineado na Modernidade. O artigo parte da ideia que a sociabilidade moderna formou as bases das práticas educativas contemporâneas latino-americanas, que têm como elementos a emancipação humana através da produção racional e universal do conhecimento, economia capitalista e Estado centralizado. No percurso investigativo realizado, entende-se que por não serem monolíticos, o conjunto de ideias, valores e crenças que formam a Modernidade apresentam tensões e conflitos internos, os quais não impediram o surgimento de um pensamento homogêneo e a colonização de múltiplos interesses sociais locais pela satisfação dos interesses econômicos globais. Em seguida, abordam-se os efeitos da adoção desse projeto na América Latina, marcado pela dominação direta dos colonizadores europeus, extermínio dos povos originários e sucessivos governos autoritários, emergindo práticas educativas que impedem o diálogo com o conhecimento local e a formação de cidadãos participativos. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa e revisão de literatura, é possível identificar que a EDH na América Latina se fundamenta na reflexão social crítica, que tem raízes nos preceitos da educação popular e movimentos sociais pró-democráticos, que buscam a ampliação da participação política popular. É possível concluir que o diálogo e a democracia são a um só tempo pré-condição e fim da prática da educação comprometida com a emancipação humana e a participação inclusiva. O desafio à manutenção de um programa permanente de EDH é a neutralização ou esvaziamento por interesses econômicos, antidemocráticos e de negação dos saberes locais.
La educación en derechos humanos en América Latina: bases para una práctica educativa democrática
El presente trabajo busca comprender los fundamentos de la Educación en Derechos Humanos (EDH) en América Latina, identificando las posibles rupturas y continuidades con el proyecto social perfilado en la Modernidad. El artículo parte de la idea de que la sociabilidad moderna fue la base de las prácticas educativas latinoamericanas contemporáneas, cuyos elementos son la emancipación humana a través de la producción racional y universal del conocimiento, la economía capitalista y el estado centralizado. En el camino investigativo tomado, se entiende que por no ser monolíticos, el conjunto de ideas, valores y creencias que conforman la Modernidad presenta tensiones y conflictos internos, que no impidieron el surgimiento de un pensamiento homogéneo y la colonización de múltiples intereses sociales y culturales. para la satisfacción de los intereses económicos globales. Luego, se abordan los efectos de la adopción de este proyecto en América Latina, marcado por la dominación directa de los colonizadores europeos, el exterminio de los pueblos originarios y sucesivos gobiernos autoritarios, prácticas educativas emergentes que impiden el diálogo con los saberes locales y la formación de ciudadanos participativos. A través de un enfoque cualitativo y revisión de la literatura, es posible identificar que EDH en América Latina parte de una reflexión social crítica, que tiene sus raíces en los preceptos de la educación popular, defensora del diálogo con los saberes locales y movimientos sociales prodemocráticos. , que buscan ampliar la participación popular. Es posible concluir que el diálogo y la democracia son a la vez condición previa y fin de la práctica de una educación comprometida con la emancipación humana y la participación inclusiva, y es un desafío mantener un programa permanente que no se neutralice ni se vacíe.
Palabras clave: Educación en derechos humanos. América Latina. Fundamentos sociohistóricos. Democracia. Justicia social.
Human rights education in Latin America: foundations for a democratic educational practice
The present work seeks to understand the fundamentals of Human Rights Education (HRE) in Latin America, identifying the possible ruptures and continuities with the social project outlined in Modernity. The article starts from the idea that modern sociability formed the basis of contemporary Latin American educational practices, whose elements are human emancipation through the rational and universal production of knowledge, capitalist economy and centralized state. In the investigative path taken, it is understood that because they are not monolithic, the set of ideas, values and beliefs that make up Modernity present internal tensions and conflicts, which did not prevent the emergence of homogeneous thinking and the colonization of multiple social and cultural interests by the satisfaction of global economic interests. Then, the effects of the adoption of this project in Latin America are approached, marked by the direct domination of European colonizers, the extermination of the original peoples and successive authoritarian governments, emerging educational practices that prevent dialogue with local knowledge and the formation of participatory citizens. Through a qualitative approach and literature review, it is possible to identify that HRE in Latin America starts from a critical social reflection, which has its roots in the precepts of popular education and pro-democratic social movements, which seek to expand popular political participation. It is possible to conclude that dialogue and democracy are both a precondition and an end to the practice of education committed to human emancipation and inclusive participation. The challenge for maintaining a permanent HRE program is its neutralization or emptying due to economic, anti-democratic interests and the denial of local knowledge.
Keywords: Human rights education. Latin America. Socio-historical foundations. Democracy. Social justice.
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Masroer, Masroer. "Religious Inclusivism In Indonesia: Study of Pesantren An-Nida and Edi Mancoro, Salatiga, Central Java." ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin 19, no. 1 (May 22, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/esensia.v19i1.1485.
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This abstract is the result of research intended to elaborate the students’ religious inclusiveness in the Nida and Edi Islamic boarding schools (Pesantren) of Salatiga, Central Java. In its descriptive analysis, this paper will try to elaborate a phenomenon or social unit of religious life in boarding schools in which some research instruments such as participant observation, open interviews and unstructured questionnaires are used. The results showed that: , there was a shift from the structured theoretical foundation both in Islamic boarding schools of Edi Mancoro and An Nida, an overview of students’ religious inclusiveness appearing in the form of culture, namely: cultural preservation to cultural transformation. The cultural forms emerge because the existence and function of religion (Islam) transforms into the culture while religion is analysed from the perspective of the local culture. The cultural and transformative inclusiveness is generated by the particularity of students’ religious and educational traditions although they maintained but they have also experienced changes; and openness to adapt and impart through a transformative social process. This transformation causes the emergence of collectively cultural values agreed and implemented together, thus they are universal. The students’ tradition preservation is determined by two mutually linked variables namely: 1) kiais as guardians of tradition, and 2) curriculum that maintains the teaching of classic book (Kitab Kuning (yellow book) as a buffer tradition. While the changes of tradition are also influenced by two variables, namely 1) social interaction with the surrounding local culture of the boarding schools, and 2) the students’ communication patterns with their external plural environment. , the students’ preseved and changing traditions prodused a unique religious authority . In the Pesantren An Nida, religious authority was manifested from the supermacy of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) enlightened by ijtihad (rational reasoning). There is a reciprocal relationship between fiqh and ijtihad, so that the dynamic verbal nature of fiqh will appear. The rational values in ijtihad was then strengthened — along with external changes — and accepted by the students’ perspective of jurisprudence. In the Pesantren Mancoro Edi, the research result showed that students’s complied religious authority was caused by the supermacy of dynamic fiqh enlightened by Sufism. The mystical value in Sufism also tends to be stronger — along with their contextual adaptation-- thus affecting the students’ fiqh perspective. Unfortunately, the religious authorities seem to have paradoxical values because of their closeness to religious symbols outside their religion. It is therefore recommended that: a) to the students, they are supposed not to understand religion as a set of symbols, but a system of value, and if not, b) other religions are then welcomed into the local culture.[Artikel ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran detil bagaimana inklusivitas keagamaan santri di Indonesia, khususnya di pondok pesantren An Nida dan Edi Mancoro Salatiga, Jawa Tengah. Dengan menggunakan analisis deskiptif interpretatif; yakni menggambarkan suatu fenomena yang ditafsirkan atau unit sosial tentang kehidupan keagamaan di pesantren, dan penggunaan instrumen riset berupa observasi partisipasi, wawancara terbuka dan angket tidak berstruktur. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa; pertama, terjadi pergeseran dari landasan teoritis yang disusun, baik di pesantren An Nida maupun Edi Mancoro, gambaran umum inklusivitas keagamaan santri yang muncul berbentuk budaya, yaitu dari kelestarian ke transformasi kultural. Bentuk budaya muncul karena eksistensi dan fungsi agama (Islam) itu masuk ke dalam kebudayaan; agama dilihat dari perspektif kebudayaan lokal. Inklusivitas yang bersifat transformasi kultural ini dihasilkan oleh partikularitas tradisi pendidikan keagamaan santri yang meskipun dipertahankan tetapi ia juga mengalami perubahan; keterbukaan untuk menerima dan memberi lewat proses sosial yang bersifat transformatif. Transformasi ini menciptakan nilai-nilai kultural yang disepakati dan diberlakukan bersama, dengan demikian bersifat universal. Kelestarian tradisi santri ditentukan oleh dua variabel yang saling berhubungan, yakni: 1) kiai sebagai penjaga tradisi, dan 2) kurikulum yang mempertahankan pengajaran kitab kuning (klasik) sebagai penyangga tradisi. Sementera perubahan tradisi dipengaruhi oleh dua variabel pula, yaitu 1) interaksi dengan sosial budaya lokal di mana pesantren itu berdiri, dan 2) pola komunikasi santri dengan lingkungan eksternal yang plural. Kedua, tradisi santri yang dipertahankan sekaligus mengalami perubahan itu menghasilkan otoritas keagamaan yang unik. Di pesantren An Nida, otoritas keagamaan itu terwujud dari supremasi fikih yang dicerahkan oleh ijtihad. Ada hubungan timbal balik antara fikih dengan ijtihad, sehingga watak verbalistik fikih mengalami dinamisasi. Nilai rasionalitas dalam ijtihad menguat –sejalan dengan perubahan di luaran- dan diterima menjadi cara pandang santri terhadap fikih. Di pesantren Edi Mancoro, memperlihatkan bahwa otoritas keagamaan yang dipatuhi santri terwujud dari supremasi fikih yang mengalami dinamisasi akibat tercerahkan oleh tasawuf. Nilai mistisisme yang terdapat di dalam tasawuf kemudian menguat pula –seiring dengan penyesuaiannya terhadap kontek- sehingga mempengaruhi cara pandang santri terhadap fikih. Tetapi otoritas keagamaan tersebut mengalami paradok karena ketertutupannya dengan simbol agama di luar santri. Oleh karena itu disarankan; a) kepada santri supaya tidak lagi memandang agama sebagai seperangkat simbol, tetapi sistim nilai, dan jika tidak, b) bagi agama lain agar dapat masuk ke dalam kebudayaan lokal setempat.]
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Makó, Csaba, Miklós Illéssy, Róza Számadó, and Judit Szakos. "Workplace Innovation: Concepts, Regulation and Increasing Role of Knowledge Management : Theoretical Considerations and European Experiences." Pro Publico Bono - Magyar Közigazgatás 8, no. 1 (2020): 96–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.32575/ppb.2020.1.6.
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The paper addresses the challenges of a better scientific understanding of the complexity of innovation processes. In this relation the authors are stressing the need to adopt the so-called “holistic” innovation strategy integrated into the national innovation governance system in the innovation “front-runner” countries (i.e. Sweden, Finland, Denmark, etc.). The paper has two main parts. The first part presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the innovation approaches and examines the following issues: macro- and micro (organisational) importance of innovations, innovation challenges in the public sector, comparison of variables measuring public and private sector innovations, notion and dimension of workplace innovations, hard and soft regulations of innovation, types and fast erosion of knowledge, underlining the growing role of knowledge management. The second part of the paper examines the empirical experiences of workplace innovation in the EU-27 countries, using certain waves (2005 and 2010) of European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) organised by the Eurofund (Dublin). Distinguishing four major types of work organisations (i.e. "discretionary learning organisation”, “lean organisation”, “Taylorean organisation” and “traditional/simple organisation”) important cross-country differences were mapped. Comparing the period before and after the “Grand” financial crisis (2008–2009) the share of “discretionary learning organisation” declined, reflecting the strengthening trend of the short-term cost efficiency seeking strategy of the European companies, while other strategies based on knowledge-efficiency seeking have been overshadowed. Finally, the authors outline the need – in both public and private sector – for a knowledge management based on the Employee Driven Innovation (EDI) scheme in order to create high performance working systems (HPWS).
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Fassino, Secondo, Federico Amianto, Giuseppe Rocca, and Giovanni Abbate Daga. "Parental bonding and eating psychopathology in bulimia nervosa: personality traits as possible mediators." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, no. 3 (September 2010): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00001147.
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SUMMARYAims– The relationship between eating disorders, attachment, personality traits and eating psychopathology remains unexplored. This study tested the mediating role of temperament and character between parental bonding and psy-chopathology in bulimic women.Methods– 154 bulimic subjects and 154 healthy controls were compared using Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Multiple regression analysis tested the mediation of personality traits between parenting and eating psy-chopathology.Results– Bulimic subjects displayed low maternal and paternal care and low self-directedness, and high novelty seeking and eating psychopathology. Maternal care was negatively related to social insecurity, inadequacy and impulsiveness. Paternal care predicted novelty seeking, self-directedness, interoceptive awareness, impulsiveness, and asceticism. The mediation effect of self-directedness between paternal care and psychopathology was significant, not the one of novelty seeking. Conclusions – Parental care is lower in bulimic than in control women even when controlled for possible confounding variables. Some eating psychopathology traits are related to maternal and paternal care, but not the bulimia subscale. Paternal care is also related to temperament and character traits which are related to eating psychopathology. Self-directedness mediates with different degrees between parenting and eating psychopathology. Clinical implications are discussed.Declaration of Interest:The first author received financing from Compagnia di San Paolo Foundation for the research on eating disorders (3989 IT/FA 2005.1797). The National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA) awarded a Charron Family Grant to the second author to sustain research about the families of subjects affected by eating disorders. The third author received a grant from “Regione Piemonte” for research on Eating Disorders for the years 2008 and 2009. The authors have not received any other financing for the present research, including pharmaceutical company support or any honoraria for consultancies for interventions during the last two years. The authors are not involved in any conflict of interest in connection to the submitted article.
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Chromik, Richard R., Diane Dechief, Denzel Guye, Faye Siluk, and Cathryn Somrani. "TEAMWORK TRAINING AS A MEANS OF MASTERING MORE EQUITABLE, DIVERSE, AND INCLUSIVE PRACTICES IN ENGINEERING CURRICULA." Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA), June 16, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pceea.vi0.14194.
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Survey results and student feedback from the initial year of McGill University’s E-IDEA (Engineering Inclusivity, Diversity and Equity Advancement) teamwork initiative demonstrate that undergraduate engineering students value this team-based, applied training in equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI). The course-based training provides a critical foundation from which to build strong teamwork skills. Our findings demonstrate the benefit of initiating teamwork-integrated EDI training early in students’ programs and continuing until final capstone courses.
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Hanson, Cori, and Mikhail Burke. "FROM UNDERSTANDING TO ACTION: AN EXAMINATION OF TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING IN ASYNCHRONOUS ONLINE EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION TRAINING FOR FIRST- TIME TEACHING ASSISTANTS." Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA), June 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pceea.vi0.14861.
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To better support TAs in creating inclusive classrooms, three (3) online, asynchronous modules were developed and implemented to introduce first-time TAs to core concepts of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) - Foundational EDI Language, Power, Privilege, and Positionality and Interrupting Bias. Over 100 1st time TA completed each module, with 80-90 providing feedback on their experience upon completion. A preliminary review of this feedback highlighted three major themes: 1) building awareness and knowledge, 2) applying EDI concepts to teaching practice & identifying actions, and 3) feeling empowered to act. Overall, TAs expressed strong development of awareness and new knowledge of key concepts such as equity and positionality. Although TAs were also able to identify and state the value of applying these concepts to their teaching practice, many expressed the sentiment of still feeling uncomfortable to act within “real-life” situations. Future iterations of such training could seek to address this through structured opportunities for analysis and feedback of reflective responses.
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Nivarthi, Usha K., Nurgun Kose, Gopal Sapparapu, Douglas Widman, Emily Gallichotte, Jennifer M. Pfaff, Benjamin J. Doranz, et al. "Mapping the Human Memory B Cell and Serum Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Dengue Virus Serotype 4 Infection and Vaccination." Journal of Virology 91, no. 5 (December 28, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02041-16.
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ABSTRACT The four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes are mosquito-borne flaviviruses responsible for dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. People exposed to DENV develop antibodies (Abs) that strongly neutralize the serotype responsible for infection. Historically, infection with DENV serotype 4 (DENV4) has been less common and less studied than infections with the other three serotypes. However, DENV4 has been responsible for recent large and sustained epidemics in Asia and Latin America. The neutralizing antibody responses and the epitopes targeted against DENV4 have not been characterized in human infection. In this study, we mapped and characterized epitopes on DENV4 recognized by neutralizing antibodies in people previously exposed to DENV4 infections or to a live attenuated DENV4 vaccine. To study the fine specificity of DENV4 neutralizing human antibodies, B cells from two people exposed to DENV4 were immortalized and screened to identify DENV-specific clones. Two human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that neutralized DENV4 were isolated, and their epitopes were finely mapped using recombinant viruses and alanine scan mutation array techniques. Both antibodies bound to quaternary structure epitopes near the hinge region between envelope protein domain I (EDI) and EDII. In parallel, to characterize the serum neutralizing antibody responses, convalescence-phase serum samples from people previously exposed to primary DENV4 natural infections or a monovalent DENV4 vaccine were analyzed. Natural infection and vaccination also induced serum-neutralizing antibodies that targeted similar epitope domains at the EDI/II hinge region. These studies defined a target of neutralizing antigenic site on DENV4 targeted by human antibodies following natural infection or vaccination. IMPORTANCE The four serotypes of dengue virus are the causative agents of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. People exposed to primary DENV infections develop long-term neutralizing antibody responses, but these principally recognize only the infecting serotype. An effective vaccine against dengue should elicit long-lasting protective antibody responses to all four serotypes simultaneously. We and others have defined antigenic sites on the envelope (E) protein of viruses of dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, and 3 targeted by human neutralizing antibodies. The epitopes on DENV4 E protein targeted by the human neutralizing antibodies and the mechanisms of serotype 4 neutralization are poorly understood. Here, we report the properties of human antibodies that neutralize dengue virus serotype 4. People exposed to serotype 4 infections or a live attenuated serotype 4 vaccine developed neutralizing antibodies that bound to similar sites on the viral E protein. These studies have provided a foundation for developing and evaluating DENV4 vaccines.
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Farashah, Ali Dehghanpour, and Tomas Blomquist. "Work experiences of qualified immigrants: a review of theoretical progress." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (June 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-01-2019-0046.
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PurposeQualified immigrants (QIs) and their work experiences have been studied using a wide variety of theoretical approaches with divergent characteristics. This paper reviews theoretical progress and proposes directions for future research and practice.Design/methodology/approachUsing relevant keywords, articles indexed by Web of Science in management, business, industrial relations and applied psychology were systematically searched for and analysed. In total, 60 theoretical articles published during 2008–2018 were included. The theoretical progress and future theoretical and practical challenges were organised based on the notions of equality, diversity and inclusion.FindingsEight theoretical approaches utilised to study QIs' work experiences were recognised: (1) human capital theory, (2) career capital theory, (3) theory of practice, (4) intersectionality, (5) social identity theory, (6) sensemaking, (7) cultural identity transition and (8) the career-centred approach. The contributions and limitations of each theoretical lens were then scrutinised. Overall, research on QIs still lacks a comprehensive theoretical framework. As a step towards that, the paper proposes considering the role of organisations and labour market intermediaries, strategic view over the immigrant workforce, agency–institution play, identity–capital play and host–immigrant play.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus is on theory development and empirical papers with no clear theoretical foundation are excluded.Originality/valueThis review is the first attempt to summarise and direct the divergent research on the topic. The main contribution is setting an agenda for future research, particularly by proposing the elements of a comprehensive theoretical framework for studying QIs in the workplace.
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Viquar, Uzma, Sadaf Joweria, Nargish Firdaus, and Ahmed Minhajuddin. "A STRUCTURED SUMMARY ABOUT UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE IN PRESENT ERA: AN OUTLOOK." GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, July 15, 2021, 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/gjra/2915612.
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The Unani system of Medicine started in Greece and was developed by Arabs into an elaborate medical science based on the frame work of the teaching of Hippocrates (460-370 BC) and Galen(131-210 AD). Since that time Unani medicine has been known as Greco-Arab Medicine. After Hippocrates (460- 370 BC) Roman, Arab and Persian scholars enriched the system considerably, of whom Galen stabilized the foundations on which Arab physicians like Razi (850-925 AD) and Ibn Sina (980-1037 AD) constructed an imposing edice. It was introduced in India by the Mughals and soon it took rm roots on Indian soil. The system found immediate favour from [1] the masses and soon spread all over the country . Over the centuries, this system has assimilated so well in the Indian civilization that today it has become an integral part of the healthcare delivery system of India.
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Gries, Corinna, Stace Beaulieu, Renée Brown, Gastil Gastil-Buhl, Sarah Elmendorf, Hsun-Yi Hsieh, Li Kui, Greg Maurer, and John Porter. "Change in Pictures: Creating best practices in archiving ecological imagery for reuse." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4 (September 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59082.
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The research data repository of the Environmental Data Initiative (EDI) is building on over 30 years of data curation research and experience in the National Science Foundation-funded US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network. It provides mature functionalities, well established workflows, and now publishes all ‘long-tail’ environmental data. High quality scientific metadata are enforced through automatic checks against community developed rules and the Ecological Metadata Language (EML) standard. Although the EDI repository is far along in making its data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR), representatives from EDI and the LTER are developing best practices for the edge cases in environmental data publishing. One of these is the vast amount of imagery taken in the context of ecological research, ranging from wildlife camera traps to plankton imaging systems to aerial photography. Many images are used in biodiversity research for community analyses (e.g., individual counts, species cover, biovolume, productivity), while others are taken to study animal behavior and landscape-level change. Some examples from the LTER Network include: using photos of a heron colony to measure provisioning rates for chicks (Clarkson and Erwin 2018) or identifying changes in plant cover and functional type through time (Peters et al. 2020). Multi-spectral images are employed to identify prairie species. Underwater photo quads are used to monitor changes in benthic biodiversity (Edmunds 2015). Sosik et al. (2020) used a continuous Imaging FlowCytobot to identify and measure phyto- and microzooplankton. Cameras at McMurdo Dry Valleys assess snow and ice cover on Antarctic lakes allowing estimation of primary production (Myers 2019). It has been standard practice to publish numerical data extracted from images in EDI; however, the supporting imagery generally has not been made publicly available. Our goal in developing best practices for documenting and archiving these images is for them to be discovered and re-used. Our examples demonstrate several issues. The research questions, and hence, the image subjects are variable. Images frequently come in logical sets of time series. The size of such sets can be large and only some images may be contributed to a dedicated specialized repository. Finally, these images are taken in a larger monitoring context where many other environmental data are collected at the same time and location. Currently, a typical approach to publishing image data in EDI are packages containing compressed (ZIP or tar) files with the images, a directory manifest with additional image-specific metadata, and a package-level EML metadata file. Images in the compressed archive may be organized within directories with filenames corresponding to treatments, locations, time periods, individuals, or other grouping attributes. Additionally, the directory manifest table has columns for each attribute. Package-level metadata include standard coverage elements (e.g., date, time, location) and sampling methods. This approach of archiving logical ‘sets’ of images reduces the effort of providing metadata for each image when most information would be repeated, but at the expense of not making every image individually searchable. The latter may be overcome if the provided manifest contains standard metadata that would allow searching and automatic integration with other images.
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"The Race Dilemma: The American Non-Dilemma: Racial Inequality without Racism2013 1 Nancy DiTomaso The Race Dilemma: The American Non-Dilemma: Racial Inequality without Racism New York, NY Russell Sage Foundation 2013 338 pp. 978-0-87154-080-5 $42.50 USD." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 32, no. 8 (November 4, 2013): 794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-07-2013-0060.
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Torlasco, C., A. D"silva, AN Bhuva, A. Faini, JB Augusto, KD Knott, G. Benedetti, et al. "Pulsatile and resistive systolic loads as determinants of left ventricular remodelling after physical training." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 22, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.422.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre onbehalf The Marathon Study Consortium Introduction Cardiovascular function depends on the inter-relation between heart and vasculature. The contribution of aorta and peripheral vessels to the total systolic load of the left ventricle (LV) can be represented respectively by a "pulsatile" and a "resistive" component. We sought to understand their interrelation by exploring how LV remodelling occurred with altered load associated with an external stimulus (training). Methods: 237 untrained healthy male and female subjects volunteering for their first-time marathon were recruited. At baseline and after 6 months of unsupervised training, race completers underwent 1.5T cardiac magnetic resonance, brachial and non-invasive central blood pressure assessment. For analysis, runners were divided into 4 groups according to the variation (positive versus null or negative) in Total Arterial Compliance Index (TACi), representing the pulsatile component of the LV load, and in Systemic Vascular Resistance Index (SVRI), representing the resistive component of the LV load. Results: 138runners (age 21-69 years; F: 51%) completed the race. Data are reported for each variable as Δ mean [95% Confidence Interval]. In the whole cohort, training was associated with a small increase in LV mass index (+3g/m2, [0, 6 g/m2]), indexed LV end-diastolic volume (EDVi) (+3ml/m2, [-2, 5 3ml/m2]), in LV mass/LVEDV ratio (+0.02g/ml, [0.00, 0.04 g/ml]) and in TACi (+0.02ml/m2, [0.02, 0.38 ml/m2]). SVRi mildly fell (-43dyn·s/cm2[-103, 17dyn·s/cm2]). TACi increase was associated with LVEDVi increase and no change in LV mass/EDV (eccentric remodelling). On the other hand, both TACi reduction and SVRi increase were associated with increase in LV mass/EDV and no significant change in LVEDVi (concentric remodelling). A similar increase in LV mass was observed in all groups. See Table. Conclusion: Cardiac remodelling observed after mild, medium term, unsupervised training seems to be related to the modifications of aorta and peripheral vessels. In particular, a reduction in pulsatile load seems associated with eccentric LV remodelling, while an increase in both pulsatile and resistive with concentric LV remodelling. Further research is needed to understand the interaction between TACi and SVRi. Table 1 LV EDVi (ml/m2) LV mass index (g/m2) LV mass/EDV TACi increase (n = 75) +4 [0, 9] +3 [0, 7] 0 [-0.03, 0.03] TACi decrease (n = 62) -1 [-6, 4] +3 [0, 8] 0.04 [0.01, 0.07] SVRi increase (n = 63) 0 [-4,4] +3 [0, 7] +0.03 [0, 0.06] SVRi decrease (n = 73) +3 [-3, 7] +3 [-1, 6] +0.01 [-0.02, 0.04]
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Thomas, Keith Trevor. "Bridging social boundaries and building social connectedness." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (January 17, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-02-2018-0019.
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Purpose The youth leadership development program is an opportunity to establish best practices for the development of youth and of the wider community. Based on underpinning research related to social cohesion and social capital, the purpose of this paper is to focus on connectedness is consistent with the work of Putnam (Bowling Alone). Design/methodology/approach Reflecting the multi-level character of all complex problems and also the need to explore common values, social networks and problem-solving mechanisms, the initial approach was a pre- and post-activity survey for participants, and focus groups with elders and parents. The pilot survey, however, revealed participants were unable to discriminate between the nominated Likert scales. The consequent approach turned to appreciative inquiry involving observational data and selected interviews with a random sample of participants from both gender groups, as well as focus groups with community elders. Findings The study presents findings from an experiential activity in a youth group to bridge social boundaries. Findings are presented using a social-ecosystem model. Key constructs relevant to a discussion of social cohesion and connectedness are discussed, and the youth development initiative identified bridging capital strategies and noted countervailing forces to engagement and successful integration. Central to effective social development strategies is the need for peer- and community-based initiatives to foster shared responsibility, hope and a sense of significance. The social-ecosystem framework offers a potential and realistic approach to enabling families and community groups to be the foundation of a safe and resilient country. Research limitations/implications A single case study, where the pilot survey revealed participants were unable to discriminate between the nominated Likert scales. The consequent approach turned to appreciative inquiry involving observational data and selected interviews with a random sample of participants from both gender groups, as well as focus groups with community elders. Practical implications Looking first at the participants in this program, engagement requires challenge and buy-in, much the same as in classroom-based educational strategies. There are some preconditions that vary by gender. For young men, there is a mask that they adopt. As well, there is a rift between fathers and sons – confirmed in the community consultation and a more general inter-generational gap that requires attention. There are competing tensions that emerge at the family, community and societal levels. For example, the prevailing discourse is on acute VE related responses. However, what is needed is a greater focus on building social cohesion. Conversely, if family commitment is an important motive to disengage from VE, then cultural realities such as fractured communities, lack of role models, as well as a lack of suitable knowledge and the infrastructure for people to deal with vulnerable youth makes the whole issue highly problematic. Social implications Central to community-based primary prevention responses and to bridging capital is the need for common values, strong social networks and shared problem-solving mechanisms. Table I presents a summary of key insights and countervailing forces (in italics and with a *) that illustrates a tug-of-war between different stakeholders in the social-ecosystem. This list is not exhaustive, but it provides a formative framework for the deeper exploration of community participation and evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of primary prevention. Originality/value An experiential approach to bridging social boundaries based on a youth development program in a refugee community is presented. Findings are presented using a social-ecosystem model was presented. Key constructs include an ecosystem model, and a framework that links social cohesion, capital and connectedness. The study presents ideas to activate bridging capital strategies and highlights countervailing conditions to engagement and development.
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Oikelome, Franklin, Joshua Broward, and Dai Hongwu. "Immigrant health care workers from developing countries in the US: antecedents, consequences and institutional responses." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (August 12, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-04-2021-0093.
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PurposeThe aim of this paper is to present a conceptual model on foreign-born health care workers from developing countries working in the US. The model covers their motivations for migration, the consequences in terms of the inequality and exclusion they may experience and the role of institutional responses at micro-, macro- and meso-level of intervention.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on: (1) in-depth review of key literature studies on the foundation theories of international migration including sociology, economics, anthropology, psychology and human resource management, (2) analysis of theoretical approaches to medical migration across disciplines, (3) analysis of the international and national documentary sources of micro-, macro- and meso-level policies on migration and (4) analysis of evidence on best practices, solutions and aspirational changes across different levels of institutions.Findings(1) Migration of international medical graduates (IMGs) from developing countries to the US can be explained from a micro-, macro- and meso-level of analysis. (2) IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minorities may experience unfair discrimination differently than their US-born counterparts. (3) Although political/legislative remedies have had some successes, proactive initiatives will be needed alongside enforcement strategies to achieve equity and inclusion. (4) While diversity management initiatives abound in organizations, those designed for the benefit of IMGs from developing countries are rare. (5) Professional identity groups and some nonprofits may challenge structural inequities, but these have not yet achieved economies of scale.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough it is well-documented in the US health care literature how ethnic/racial minorities are unfairly disadvantaged in work and career, the studies are rarely disaggregated according to sub-groups (e.g. non-White IMGs and US-born MGs). The implication is that Black IMG immigrants have been overlooked by the predominant narratives of native-born, Black experiences. In placing the realities of native-born Blacks on the entire Black population in America, data have ignored and undermined the diverse histories, identities and experiences of this heterogeneous group.Practical implicationsAn awareness of the challenges IMGs from developing countries face have implications for managerial decisions regarding recruitment and selection. Besides their medical qualifications, IMGs from developing countries offer employers additional qualities that are critical to success in health care delivery. Considering organizations traditionally favor White immigrants from Northern and Southern Europe, IMGs from developed countries migrate to the US under relatively easier circumstances. It is important to balance the scale in the decision-making process by including an evaluation of migration antecedents in comprehensive selection criteria.Social implicationsThe unfair discrimination faced by IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minority are multilayered and will affect them in ways that are different compared to their US-born counterparts. In effect, researchers need to make this distinction in research on racial discrimination. Since IMGs are not all uniformly impacted by unfair discrimination, organization-wide audits should be in tune with issues that are of concerns to IMGs who identify as racial/ethnic minorities. Likewise, diversity management strategies should be more inclusive and should not ignore the intersectionality of race/ethnicity, nationality, country of qualification and gender.Originality/valueImmigrant health care workers from developing countries are integral to the health care industry in the United States. They make up a significant proportion of all workers in the health care industry in the US. Although the literature is replete with studies on immigrant health care workers as a whole, research has rarely focused on immigrant health care workers from developing countries. The paper makes a valuable contribution in drawing attention to this underappreciated group, given their critical role in the ongoing pandemic and the need for the US health industry to retain their services to remain viable in the future.
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Hohneck, A. L., P. Fries, J. Stroeder, G. Schneider, S. H. Schirmer, M. Boehm, U. Laufs, and F. Custodis. "Central hemodynamic effects in patients with chronic coronary syndrome after long-term ivabradine therapy." European Heart Journal 41, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1260.
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Abstract Objectives We sought to assess central hemodynamic effects in 23 patients (18 male, 5 female) with a resting heart rate (HR) of ≥70 beats per minute (bpm) and chronic coronary syndrome after long-term ivabradine therapy (6 months) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods and results In a cross-over design, all patients were treated with ivabradine (Iva, 7.5 mg bid) and placebo for 6 months each. CMR was performed three times (at baseline, after 6 and 12 months) to determine left ventricular (LV) function parameters, including end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (EDVi, ESVi), stroke volume (SVi) and ejection fraction (EF) as well as volume-time curve (VTC) parameters, including peak ejection rate (PER), peak ejection time (PET), peak filling rate (PFR), peak filling time from ES (PFT), peak ejection rate normalized to EDV (PER/EDV) and peak filling rate normalized to EDV (PFR/EDV) for global LV function (systolic and diastolic) assessment. Flow measurements of the ascending aorta were performed with phase-contrast velocity imaging. Treatment with Iva led to a HR reduction of 11.4 bpm (Iva 58.8±8.2 bpm vs placebo 70.2±8.3 bpm, p<0.0001).There was no difference in LVEF (%) (Iva 57.4±11.2 vs placebo 53.0±10.9, p=0.18), EDVi or ESVi. SVi (ml/m2) remained comparatively unchanged after long-term treatment with Iva (Iva 40.6±9.6 vs placebo 35.7±8.8, p=0.08). VTC parameters reflecting systolic LV function (PER, PET) were unaffected by Iva, while both PFR and PFR/EDV were significantly increased (PFR/EDV (s-1) Iva 2.4±0.4 vs placebo 2.1±0.4, p=0.03). There was a trend to longer PFT during treatment with Iva, though not reaching statistical significance. Medium and maximum aortic flow were not affected by treatment with Iva, while mean velocity (cm/s) was significantly reduced (Iva 6.7±2.7 vs placebo 9.0±3.4, p=0.01). Aortic flow parameters were correlated to aortic distensibility (AD), as surrogate parameter for arterial stiffness. AD was significantly correlated to both aortic flow and flow velocity, whereby mean velocity showed the strongest correlation to AD (r=0.74 [0.61 to 0.83], p<0.0001). Conclusion Systolic LV function was unaffected by treatment with Iva, while the filling during diastole was significantly improved. While medium and maximum aortic flow were not affected by Iva, mean velocity was significantly reduced. Aortic distensibility as surrogate parameter for arterial stiffness was significantly correlated to aortic mean velocity. This study confirms the underlying physiological principle of the If-current inhibitor Ivabradine. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): This work was supported by the Deutsche Herzstiftung (German Heart Foundation) (F/14/11 to F.C.) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG KFO 196 to U.L., S.H.S and M.B. and SFB TTR 219, S-01 to M.B.). The Saarland University Medical Center has received an unrestricted grant from Servier (France).
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B2042171014, LILIS TEODOSI. "PENGARUH KEADILAN ORGANISASI DAN KEPEMIMPINANTERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN PERILAKU KERJA KONTRAPRODUKTIF PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL PADA SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN MELAWI." Equator Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship (EJME) 7, no. 4 (August 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/ejme.v7i4.34537.
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Untuk mewujudkan visi yang ingin dicapai oleh Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Melawi dibutuhkan upaya penanganan dan pencegahan terhadap perilaku kerja kontaproduktif yang dapat merugikan organisasi dan stakeholderlainnya terhadap seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang ada di lingkungan Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Melawi.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisa pengaruh keadilan organisasi dan kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja dan perilaku kerja kontraproduktif Pegawai Negeri Sipil pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Melawi. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kausal komparatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer berupa kuisioner dan data sekunder berupa data yang bersumber dari Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Melawi. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sampling sensus. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 95 orang yang merupakan Pegawai Negeri Sipil di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Melawi. 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