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Journal articles on the topic 'Editorials English language'
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1
Lingas, Elena O. "Promoting Health: Media Advocacy Opportunities in English- and Spanish-Language Masthead Editorials." American Journal of Health Promotion 27, no. 3 (2013): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.100513-arb-154.
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Purpose. This study examines two newspapers' editorial coverage of issues related to the Healthy People 2010 focus areas and compares the two newspapers. Design. A qualitative study. Setting. Two Los Angeles, California, newspapers. Subjects. The masthead editorials of the Los Angeles Times and La Opinión in the year following the release of Healthy People 2010. Measures. A structured data abstraction instrument was used for descriptive coding. Correspondence to 1 of the 28 Healthy People 2010 focus areas determined whether domestic editorials were about health. Analysis. An ethnographic content analysis. Results. There were 1075 editorials from the Los Angeles Times and 361 from La Opinión; 17% were focused on domestic health issues. Three Healthy People 2010 focus areas dominated: Environmental Health, Injury and Violence Prevention, and Access to Quality Health Services. Ten focus areas did not receive a single mention in the Los Angeles Times, and 19 focus areas lacked editorials in La Opinión. Conclusion. Editorial writers regularly tackled issues related to a Healthy People 2010 focus area. Public health practitioners can meet with their local newspaper editorial board and discuss the nation's health objectives as manifested by Healthy People 2020 and the National Prevention Strategy, thereby promoting policies that support individual and population health.
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Zarza, Sahar, and Helen Tan. "Patterns of schematic structure and strategic features in newspaper editorials: A comparative study of American and Malaysian editorials." Discourse & Communication 10, no. 6 (2016): 635–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481316674754.
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To carry a message through effectively to the public, newspaper editors need to employ the generic pattern of editorials as a rule of thumb. Yet few studies have investigated the schematic structure and persuasive style of editorials. Hence, this study aims to compare the generic characteristics in 240 editorials of The New York Times ( NYT, n = 120) and New Straits Times ( NST, n = 120). To realize the objectives, the corpus was subjected to a content analysis based on a composite framework drawn from the data and previous models. The findings revealed that American and Malaysian editorials share a similar schematic structure at the move level including four obligatory moves. However, at the step level, evidence of disparity of the style of writing was apparent. The data obtained could be used as informed input in the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) classroom, so that English as a Secondary Language (ESL)/English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students’ awareness on the conventional structures in editorial writing could be heightened.
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Mugglestone, L. "Language Change in English Newspaper Editorials." Notes and Queries 51, no. 1 (2004): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/51.1.100.
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Mugglestone, Lynda. "Language Change in English Newspaper Editorials." Notes and Queries 51, no. 1 (2004): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/510100.
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Douglas, Fiona M. "Review: Language Change in English Newspaper Editorials." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 20, no. 2 (2005): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqi013.
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Dupont, Maïté. "Word order in English and French." English Text Construction 8, no. 1 (2015): 88–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.8.1.04dup.
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Drawing upon the theoretical framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, this paper compares the word order patterns of English and French adverbial connectors of contrast in a comparable bilingual corpus of quality newspaper editorials. The study shows that the two languages offer the same possibilities in terms of connector positioning but differ markedly in the preferred patterns that they display. In both languages, connector placement proves to be influenced by three main types of factors: language-specific syntactic, rhetorical and lexical factors. The notion of Rheme, which tends to be under-researched in the literature in comparison to that of Theme, plays a key role in the analysis.
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Bystrova-Mcintyre, Tatyana. "Looking at the overlooked: A corpora study of punctuation use in Russian and English1." Translation and Interpreting Studies 2, no. 1 (2007): 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.2.1.04bys.
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This study was designed to analyze the comparative use of punctuation marks in Russian and English newspaper editorials. The study was conducted using corpora of English-language editorials, taken from the New York Times in 2005, and of Russian-language editorials, taken from Izvestiia in the same year. Results indicated that the comma, colon, and the em-dash were used more often in the Russian corpus. The difference was determined to be statistically significant. The author then compared these results to the results of punctuation use in corpora of Russian and English literary texts. Again these punctuation marks were used more frequently in the Russian literary corpus than in the English one. At the same time, in both the Russian and English literary corpora these marks were used much more frequently than in the corpora of Russian and English editorials. In the second part of the article, the author attempts to isolate the reasons for the discrepancy in use of the colon by examining rules for its use as elaborated in authoritative Russian and English style guides. On the basis of this, the author suggests guidelines for the translation of the colon into English.
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Ningsih, Lale Fatma Yulia. "DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON TERRORISM-RELATED ARTICLES IN INDONESIAN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER EDITORIALS." Humanitatis : Journal of Language and Literature 6, no. 2 (2020): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/humanitatis.v6i2.765.
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This paper examines the discursive construction of terrorism-related information conveyed on the Indonesian newspapers. The Jakarta Post, one of the most notable Indonesian English-language newspapers, have been covering terrorism related encounters in its editorial especially after the 2002 Bali bombing. This paper finds out the use of common definitions and terms as well as the discrepancies in the produced expression related to terrorism and extremism in the editorials the newspaper has published since 2014. It is found that the newspaper has symphatetically portrayed and supported the victims while it represented the perpetrators from their ideological perspectives and separating their ideologies from religious teaching practices in the country. Additionally, the newspaper identifies terrorism as threat to Indonesian democratic values and classifies terrorism as a serious issue endangering the country’s security and social stability. To the latter end, the newspaper suggested policy recommendation while at the same time criticizing the law enforcement for failures and in the end promoting secular values for the country in order to eradicate terrorism.
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Masroor, Farzana, and Ummul Khair Ahmad. "Directives in English language newspaper editorials across cultures." Discourse, Context & Media 20 (December 2017): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2017.09.009.
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Giannoni, Davide Simone. "Popularizing features in English journal editorials." English for Specific Purposes 27, no. 2 (2008): 212–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2006.12.001.
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Kunalan, Ranjini, Bharathi Mutty, and Kristina Francis. "LEXICAL BORROWING IN MALAYSIAN ONLINE NEWSPAPER EDITORIALS: A CORPUS-BASED APPROACH." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 6, no. 40 (2021): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.640007.
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Lexical borrowing is words that have been transferred from the native language and integrated into a different language (Hamdi, 2017). Studies on newspaper editorials have drawn a large readership, yet it is not been given enough coverage in terms of borrowed words used by the editors in English language newspapers. This paper examined the types and frequencies of lexical borrowing. This paper used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Haugen's (as cited in Annab, 2019) pioneering work of lexical borrowing was used in this research. Three forms of lexical borrowing, namely loanwords, compound blends, and loan transitions/claque were found. In this paper, four months of editorials from The Star Online were transferred into a text files by using Microsoft Word and imported into WordSmith Tool version 6 (henceforth WST 6) to generate the data. Results reflect that the highest frequency of lexical features identified was loanwords (84%), followed by compound blends (9%), and loan transitions (7.5%). The top three highest borrowed words used by editors were the words Pakatan, Datuk, and Barisan. Conclusively, as large amounts of borrowed words exist in English editorials, this phenomenon should be eliminated. This is because one of the ways to elevate Malaysian English (henceforth ME) to meet and sustain with the International level is to uphold the quality of the English language in newspapers. Besides, relevant stakeholders should work together to increase the quality of editorials as newspapers are part of authentic materials used in education.
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Ungerer, Friedrich. "Ingrid Westin. 2002. Language Change in English Newspaper Editorials." Journal of Historical Pragmatics 7, no. 1 (2006): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhp.7.1.10ung.
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Indarti, Dwi. "Syntactic complexity of online newspaper editorials across countries." Studies in English Language and Education 5, no. 2 (2018): 294–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v5i2.11320.
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This study attempts to reveal the syntactic complexity of online English newspaper editorials across countries. The data was taken from ten online English newspaper and was analyzed by using L2 syntactic complexity analyzer (Lu, 2010). Second Language Syntactic Complexity Analyzer (L2SCA) program displays fourteen syntactic complexity measures. Those editorials were derived from ten online newspaper in the USA, UK, Egypt, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia and Singapore. All the editorials were written in English by the local newspaper editors, so they contain varied production units and grammatical structures from native English writers and non-native English writers. The results of the study reveal that the non-native online newspaper, The Vaguardgnr from Nigeria, shows the most complexity of sentence structure as indicated in the length of production unit which correlate with higher levels of proficiency. Meanwhile, the native online newspaper, The New York Times from USA, displays the highest score of subordination, which indicate complexity at the beginning and intermediate levels of proficiency. Hence, in most newspapers, the purpose of editorials is to influence the opinions of readers on some controversial issues.
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Ajsic, Adnan. "Political loanwords." Journal of Language and Politics 13, no. 1 (2014): 21–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.1.02ajs.
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Similar to many modern languages Bosnian continues to borrow lexical material from English. Although this is by no means a new trend, the linguo-political situation in Bosnia-Herzegovina has dramatically changed in the past twenty years and with it the dynamics and patterns of lexical borrowing. Based on a special synchronic corpus compiled from opinion pieces and editorials from the contemporary Bosnian press, this study analyzes the collocational patterns of the most frequently occurring English loanwords and compares them to their original collocational patterns extracted from a comparable English-language corpus. The findings confirm a divergence in collocational patterning between the donor and borrowing languages (Kurtböke & Potter 2000), but also suggest the existence of a “washback” effect whereby some of the new collocational patterns from the borrowing language enter the donor language through media discourse. The new collocational patterns are shown to derive from the postwar constitutional arrangement in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
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Dupont, Maïté. "Placement patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast." Languages in Contrast 20, no. 2 (2020): 263–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.00018.dup.
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Abstract In many languages, conjunctive adjuncts (e.g. however, therefore) are syntactically mobile. Several corpus-based contrastive studies have shown that languages differ in the positions that they tend to prefer for conjunctive adjuncts. However, the studies available have formulated general cross-linguistic differences in placement for languages as wholes, without considering the possibility that such contrasts may be influenced by register. The objective of this paper is to investigate and compare the placement patterns of English and French conjunctive adjuncts of contrast in two written registers (viz. editorials and research articles) in order to measure the impact of register variation on the differences between these two languages. The results suggest that, although register variation plays a significant role on placement within each language system, language is a better predictor of placement than register, since cross-linguistic differences in placement between English and French are stable across communicative situations. In a second stage, the results obtained in the comparable corpus study are complemented with the analysis of translation data, with a view to assessing the translators’ degree of awareness of the inherent word order preferences of the target language. The study is grounded in the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics and relies on the notions of Theme and Rheme to describe conjunctive adjunct placement.
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MATYTCINA, Marina S. "Topoi as part of the argumentation schemes and their role in creating a positive image of the “self” and a negative image of the “other”." Neophilology, no. 19 (2019): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2019-5-19-306-314.
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We analyze the main topoi used by English-language editorials to build their arguments in order to construct a negative image of immigrants. The relevance of this study is due to the specificity of the trends in the construction of immigration discourse and its various aspects, as evidenced by the large number of scientific works in both domestic and foreign science. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main topoi that actualize the discursive reproduction of negative attitude towards immigrants in the English-language press. We investigate the news reports from the American weekly magazine “Time”, the American news channel “FoxNews” and the British editorials “The Daily Mail”, “The Guardian” and “The Telegraph”. The main methodological basis is a critical discourse analysis, which is based on the understanding of discourse as a form of social interaction. We establish that the power elites construct the public opinion that is beneficial for the power bloc in relation to “others”, form and support negative images of “aliens” as representatives of other races, ethnic groups and cultures using the mass media. We analyze the main linguistic tools that identify topoi with respect to immigrants. We present the specific examples that demonstrate the features of topoi functioning in English-language editorials.
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Ansary, Hasan, and Esmat Babaii. "A Cross-cultural Analysis of English Newspaper Editorials." RELC Journal 40, no. 2 (2009): 211–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688209105867.
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Said Al-Maamari, Faisal. "Argument Structure in Arabic and English: Re-assessing Purity and Redeeming Hybridity." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 6, no. 4 (2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.4p.104.
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This study presents a contrastive rhetorical analysis of 20 argumentative Arabic and English editorials in argument structure. Samples were selected from two daily newspapers with equally wide distribution, and articles were written by their respective native writers. Both graphical and textual analyses captured the argument structure in terms of macro and micro arguments. A core finding is that the argument structure in the sampled editorials did not conform to the current predominant model of argument structure, which tended to polarize argument structure in terms of through or counter argumentation. The study contributes to the existing literature by defying the polarized traditional purity typology of argument structure frequently cited in the literature, and emphasizes a more dynamic hybrid model to understanding and analyzing arguments in general and in Arabic and English specifically. Additionally, the study of the professional genre of editorails has implications for academic writing and second language writing pedagogy by sensitizing foreign language learners to existing models of argument structure and possible ways to structure their arguments in the target language.
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Locke, Terry. "International perspectives on English teaching." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 14, no. 1 (2015): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-04-2015-0032.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer a personalised overview of the content of English Teaching: Practice and Critique for the years it was hosted at the Wilf Malcolm Institute for Educational Research (WMIER) at the University of Waikato (2002-2014). Design/methodology/approach – It notes trends in relationship to the context of origin of 335 articles published in this period (excluding editorials), including significant increases in articles originating in the USA and Pacific Rim Asian nations, particularly South Korea and Taiwan. It comments on articles that relate to the original vision of the editors’ founders, especially their emphasis on practice, criticality and social justice. Findings – Prevailing themes across 13 years are mapped and in some cases discussed. Originality/value – A number of reflections are shared in relation to the future of the journal and some challenges currently facing subject English.
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Indarti, Dwi. "Lexical richness of newspaper editorials published in Southeast Asian countries." Studies in English Language and Education 7, no. 1 (2020): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i1.15032.
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This paper investigates the lexical richness of newspaper editorials written by the writers from ESL (English as a Second Language) and EFL (English as a Foreign Language) of Southeast Asian countries. Using editorial texts published on the same day in two major online newspapers from Malaysia and the Philippines as representative of ESL countries, and two major online newspapers published in Indonesia and Thailand that represent EFL countries, this paper compares the production of Type Token Ratio (TTR) as a measurement of the lexical richness. This study displays a profile of lexical richness gained by submitting the texts into a vocabulary profiler program namely Lexical Frequency Profile (LFP) proposed by Laufer and Nation (1995) to highlight the emergence of the high-frequency word list (K1 and K2 words) and low-frequency word list (AWL and Off-list words). In general, the results show that in all terms of word lists, ESL texts have more varied vocabulary than EFL texts as indicated by the TTR scores (ESL: 0.51; EFL: 0.49). Although the gap of the TTR scores between ESL and EFL texts is slightly insignificant, a bigger TTR score indicates a high lexical richness, while a smaller TTR score shows a low lexical richness. The higher score of TTR in ESL texts could be understood since English plays an important role in education, governance policy and popular culture in those countries (i.e. Malaysia and the Philippines), meanwhile, in Indonesia and Thailand, it plays a lesser role.
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Fetzer, Anita, and Augustin Speyer. "Discourse relations across genres and contexts." Languages in Contrast 19, no. 2 (2018): 205–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.17006.fet.
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Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the linguistic realization of discourse relations across and within English and German discourse, comparing the genres of newspaper editorial and personal narrative. It concentrates on Continuation, Narration and Contrast, and Elaboration, Explanation and Comment. Particular attention is given to (1) their overt realization with textual themes and pragmatic word order, and (2) the (non)adjacent positioning of discourse units realizing the relations. The methodological framework is an integrated one, supplementing Systemic Functional Grammar with Segmented Discourse Representation Theory. In the English and German narratives, there is a strong tendency to realize discourse relations overtly. The overall overt realization is significantly higher for narratives in both languages with editorials being significantly less overt. There are also significant differences in the overt realization of non-adjacently positioned units realizing discourse relations with significant distributions in all cases, although the distribution in the narratives is less significant.
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MacKAYE, SUSANNAH D. A. "California Proposition 63: Language Attitudes Reflected in the Public Debate." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 508, no. 1 (1990): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716290508001011.
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In the November 1988 elections, three states—Colorado, Arizona, and Florida—passed measures making English the official language of those states. These victories were foreshadowed by the passage, in 1986, of Position 63 in California. Proposition 63 amended the state constitution to declare English the official language of California and charged the legislature and state officials with the preservation and enhancement of English as the common language of the state. The appearance of Proposition 63 on the political horizon brought language into public parlance, allowing us the opportunity to explore American language ideology. Preelection editorials and letters to the editor in California newspapers speculating on the need for and effects of Proposition 63 reveal the language attitudes of the writers. Certain themes that regularly appeared on both sides of the issue may be taken as elements of current American ideology.
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Fallah, Nahid, and Mohammad Raouf Moini. "A critical metaphor analysis of Arab uprisings in “The Washington Post” and “Keyhan” editorials." Metaphor and the Social World 6, no. 1 (2016): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.6.1.04fal.
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This study examines the metaphorical representation of the Arab uprisings in a number of Arab countries that came to be known as the Arab Spring in the editorials of two newspapers, one Persian and the other in English, namely “Keyhan” and “The Washington Post”. Sixty editorials from the two newspapers were examined for the metaphorical representation of the Arab uprisings during 2011 and the possible ideologies those representations reflect. A cognitive-pragmatic approach was adopted in the analysis of the editorials to uncover any ideology embedded in the fabrics of the text. The results indicated that the newspapers cast the same events in completely different frames. It is shown that these events were mainly portrayed as a religious conflict in “Keyhan”, presenting the dictators and their supporters as unbelievers and the greatest evil and the demonstrators as believers and God’s soldiers. However, the same events were described by “The Washington Post” via a range of different source domains, the main ones being a journey toward democracy, a natural phenomenon and a game between political powers.
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Bonyadi, Alireza. "The rhetorical properties of the schematic structures of newspaper editorials: A comparative study of English and Persian editorials." Discourse & Communication 4, no. 4 (2010): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750481310381579.
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Granger, Sylviane. "A lexical bundle approach to comparing languages." Languages in Contrast 14, no. 1 (2014): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.14.1.04gra.
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Contrastive studies of phraseology have tended to focus on figurative units, such as idioms and metaphors, and paid comparatively less attention to less colourful types of units such as collocations and lexical bundles, which are equally, if not more, worthy of study. This article tries to fill this gap by exploring the potential contribution of a lexical bundle approach to language comparison. Some guidelines are presented to help solve some of the methodological challenges posed by a cross-linguistic comparison of lexical bundles. The approach is illustrated with a study of lexical bundles in English and French with a particular focus on units that have a metadiscursive function. Two different genres are compared — parliamentary debates and newspaper editorials — in an attempt to tease out systemic differences between languages and genre effects.
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Nayab Waqas Khan, Mehak Muneer, and Huma Iqbal. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Newspapers Editorials in Coronavirus Pandemic." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 2, no. 1 (2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol2-iss1-2021(144-153).
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This research explores Pakistani newspapers Editorials’ lexical, morphological, and social aspects of the coronavirus Pandemic in Pakistan under the light of the Critical Discourse Analysis angle. The focal idea is to discover the etymological decision and rhetorical questions utilized in a revealing pandemic, and how did the columnists shape readers' minds and thoughts through their words. The CDA has been used as a theoretical framework for analyzing the data. Information for this examination includes 15 Editorial randomly gathered from 100 newspapers in Pakistan. Results demonstrated the exploitation of terminologies has been shown inconvenience, fear of contagious disease, death, fear of touching, and outbreak among people. The bogus information was additionally found in newspapers. Contradiction among newspapers was found while presenting data. This social change brings ultimately a linguistic change in the world. The English language is the language of overcoming gaps among nations, but this time it had correspondingly ushered in a new vocabulary to the general populace. For instance, new vocabulary, acronyms, synonyms, compounding, etc. Social change is parallel to linguistic change, and it is a paramount theme of lexicography. The local newspapers advocated a massive outbreak of the coronavirus and expected a second wave of this pandemic that was frustrating for the educational sector on top. The newspaper editors manipulate thoughts through forceful lexis usage to influence the thought, and opinions of Pakistani people.
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Gutiérrez Martínez, Alba, and José Antonio Del Barrio Del Campo. "Y TÚ, ¿POR QUÉ VAS A CLASE? EXAMEN DE LA MOTIVACIÓN DE ESTUDIANTES DE INGLÉS EN LA UNIVERSIDAD ESPAÑOLA." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 1, no. 1 (2016): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v1.402.
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Abstract:WHY DO YOU GO TO CLASS? A STUDY ABOUT ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING MOTIVATION FACTORS OF STUDENTS IN A SPANISH UNIVERSITY.Research on Second Language Acquisition has stand out the importance of students’ motivation as a crucial individual variable in the learning success (Gardner 2001, 2010, Dörnyei y Ushioda 2011, for instance). The present study reports on motivation factors of a group of English as a Foreign Language students (EFL) from the University of Cantabria. Data was collected through questionnaires and has important pedagogical implications because understanding motivation is an important factor not only for our students but also for parents, instructors and editorials (Babaae, 2012). Moreover, Europe is moving into a multilingual society that requires second language teachers not simply to teach English, French or German but to develop a multilingual and multicultural conscience on students (Lorenzo, Trujillo & Vez, 2011). This data can shed light to the issue by explaining what motivates our students.KEY WORDS: MOTIVATION, SECOND LANGUAGE MOTIVATION, ENGLISH TEACHING, FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNINGResumen:Gran parte de la investigación en la adquisición de segundas lenguas ha resaltado el papel de la motivación del alumnado como una importante variable individual para el éxito del aprendizaje (Gardner 2001, 2010, Dörnyei y Ushioda 2011, por ejemplo). El presente estudio reporta los factores de motivación de un grupo de alumnos y alumnas de inglés de la Universidad de Cantabria relacionados con su nivel, edad y sexo. Los resultados han sido recogidos a través de cuestionarios y tienen una gran importancia pedagógica ya que conocer la motivación tiene un papel crucial no solo para nuestro alumnado, sino también para padres y madres, profesorado y editoriales (Babaae, 2012). Además, no hay que olvidar que, con los cambios que nos están llevando hacia una sociedad plurilingüe, el profesorado debe ampliar sus competencias docentes y dejar, por tanto, de enseñar solo inglés, francés o alemán, para pasar a desarrollar una conciencia plurilingüe y multicultural en su alumnado (Lorenzo, Trujillo & Vez, 2011). Estos datos pueden contribuir en gran medida a ello arrojando luz sobre qué motiva a nuestros estudiantes.PALABRAS CLAVE: MOTIVACIÓN, MOTIVACIÓN EN SEGUNDAS LENGUAS, ENSEÑANZA DE INGLÉS, APRENDIZAJE DE SEGUNDAS LENGUAS
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Dong, Dahui, and Mu-Li Yang. "The application of ergative verbs to avoid accusations in the translation of Chinese editorials into English." Lingua Posnaniensis 60, no. 1 (2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2018-0002.
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Abstract The use of ergative verbs results in the agent being backgrounded in an English sentence, and it is often used in the media together with other means such as the use of intransitive verbs, passives, and nominalized nouns to achieve the pragmatic purpose of accusation avoidance. A great deal of research has been done on the role of ergative verbs in media discourse in English as well as the acquisition of ergative verbs by learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). However, it remains unclear how EFL Chinese learners of advanced levels of competence, such as postgraduates of translation majors and professional translators, use ergative verbs when translating newspaper editorials from Chinese into English. Nor is it clear whether learners have acquired the requisite knowledge of ergative verbs in order to use them effectively so as to avoid blaming the agent of an action or process in translation. This study recruited 30 native Chinese-speaking translators who fell into three categories: undergraduate translators, graduate translators, and professional translators. A small parallel translation corpus was built, which consisted of 150 English translations of 5 Chinese editorials produced by the translators. Accusation-avoidance expressions in the source text and their translations were then extracted and input into an SPSS spreadsheet. The results show that the use of ergative verbs in translations by undergraduate translators is significantly higher than in translations by graduate and professional translators in terms of quantity. The results of the study may be useful for translation teaching and learning.
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Chen, Meng-Lin, and Dahui Dong. "The Choice of Tense in Translation into the Second Language." Studies in English Language Teaching 4, no. 2 (2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v4n2p187.
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<p><em>English tense is widely believed as one of the most problematic areas in the “interlanguage”, which includes non-native English speakers’ English writing and translations into the translator’s second language. This study aims to investigate the relationships between the tense choice in translation, the tense in the Chinese source text, and the translation competence of translators. A small Chinese-English parallel corpus has been built with 127 translations of Chinese press editorials by experienced native English speaking translators, experienced native Chinese speaking translators, and novice native Chinese speaking translators. Cross-tabulate analyses of this study have shown that the three groups of translators differ from one another significantly in their handling of marked Chinese past tense verbs, while they do not when translating Chinese sentences with contextually marked tense. This study suggests that in order to improve their translation </em><em>quality</em><em>, (1) experienced native Chinese speaking translators need to increase the</em><em> percentages</em><em> of Present Simple, Present Progress, Present Perfect, and Past Simple, and reduce the</em><em> percentag</em><em>e</em><em>s</em><em> of Past Perfect</em><em> in their translation</em><em>; (2) novice native Chinese speaking translators need to increase the</em><em> percentages</em><em> of Present Simple, and Present Progress, and reduce the </em><em>percentages</em><em> of Past Perfect, Past Simple, and Present Perfect</em><em> in their translation.</em><em> </em></p>
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Varghese, Mary, and Kamila Ghazali. "Talking “race” through 1Malaysia in editorials." Journal of Language and Politics 13, no. 3 (2014): 453–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.13.3.04var.
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This study focuses on the discussion of 1Malaysia, Malaysia’s latest national blueprint for unity and identity, in the New Straits Times (NST), Malaysia’s oldest and state-owned English language print media. We examine the means by which NST has constructed the latest political venture in forging a national identity, while negotiating the various challenges to such an undertaking. Employing the critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach, we look at distinctive nomination and predication patterns as well as the occurrence of high and low factuality. This is conducted primarily through an analysis of social actors, their predication and modality to show how these contribute to the construction of the 1Malaysia ideology. Findings suggest that the signifier of 1Malaysia serves not only as a reference point for discussing subjects of concern to reformists, but also provides opportunities for the newspaper to hold institutions to account.
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Wijaya, Lupita. "Discourse Coverage Of Editorial Perspective: Framing Terrorism From The Case Of Al-Shabab’s 2013 Kenya Mall Siege." Jurnal ULTIMA Comm 7, no. 1 (2015): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v7i1.427.
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Indonesia as the biggest and most populated democratic Muslim country in the world is expected to engender distinct outlook pertaining media and religion. With the myriad of as democratic country supposes to evince the power of media as peace maker rather than warmonger. This study scrutinizes the editorial discourse of The Jakarta Post, the largest English language newspaper in Indonesia, concerning the terrorism issue of al-Shabab insurgent group in 2013 Westgate Kenya Mall attack. Opinion discourse, such as editorials, op-ed articles, and distinctive and authoritative voice that will speak to them directly, in the face of troubling or problematic circumstances. Where hard news purports to be more balanced and fair, opinion discourse problematizes the world by taking up the normative dimension of issues and events of Pan and Kosicki model, the study delves into conclusion that The Jakarta Post relentlessly portrays al-Shabab as Muslim’s jihad and randomly hooks Westgate siege with other church bombings by eliciting good guy vs. bad guys dichotomy and heroes vs. villains as the heart of current circulation of publicized news. The result indicates that the context of Indonesia as largest Muslim society in the world is distinctly at odds.
 Keywords: editorial, discourse, media, terrorism, The Jakarta Post
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Tkhorovska, S. V. "ON THE EXPRESSION OF MODALITY IN CREATING IDEOLOGICAL SPACE OF AN ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDITORIAL (BASED ON THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIALS)." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Philology. Social Communications 2, no. 1 (2020): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-6069/2020.1-2/41.
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Maddalena, Antonello, and Isabel Alonso Belmonte. "Unveiling the writer–reader interaction in Peninsular Spanish and American English newspaper editorials: A cross linguistic study." Journal of Pragmatics 43, no. 3 (2011): 891–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2010.09.026.
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Belmonte, Isabel Alonso. "Toward a genre-based characterization of the problem–solution textual pattern in English newspaper editorials and op-eds." Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language, Discourse & Communication Studies 29, no. 4 (2009): 393–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text.2009.021.
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Paul, Subin. "Journalism, not ‘cheerleading’: An ombudsman’s paradigm repair in the JNU sedition case in India." Journalism 21, no. 3 (2017): 423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917707844.
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With increasing expectations to be accountable in the digital era, some newspapers have appointed ombudsmen. This study examines the process of ‘paradigm repair’ undertaken by the ombudsman of The Hindu, a leading English-language newspaper in India. The study qualitatively analyzes The Hindu’s coverage of the Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) sedition controversy case, its ombudsman’s editorials pertaining to the case, and the readers’ responses to them. The study demonstrates that in transitional societies paradigm repair remains incomplete, and the strategies employed to undertake the paradigm repair extend beyond those used by newspapers in the Western context. The study, furthermore, argues that newspaper readers also contribute to paradigm repair in limited ways, and the ombudsman’s role, as shown in the JNU sedition case, is more of an ambassador for the newspaper than an advocate for the reader.
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Cobey, Kelly D., Manoj M. Lalu, Becky Skidmore, Nadera Ahmadzai, Agnes Grudniewicz, and David Moher. "What is a predatory journal? A scoping review." F1000Research 7 (July 4, 2018): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15256.1.
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Background: There is no standardized definition of what a predatory journal is, nor have the characteristics of these journals been delineated or agreed upon. In order to study the phenomenon precisely a definition of predatory journals is needed. The objective of this scoping review is to summarize the literature on predatory journals, describe its epidemiological characteristics, and to extract empirical descriptions of potential characteristics of predatory journals. Methods: We searched five bibliographic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase Classic + Embase, ERIC, and PsycINFO, and Web of Science on January 2nd, 2018. A related grey literature search was conducted March 27th, 2018. Eligible studies were those published in English after 2012 that discuss predatory journals. Titles and abstracts of records obtained were screened. We extracted epidemiological characteristics from all search records discussing predatory journals. Subsequently, we extracted statements from the empirical studies describing empirically derived characteristics of predatory journals. These characteristics were then categorized and thematically grouped. Results: 920 records were obtained from the search. 344 of these records met our inclusion criteria. The majority of these records took the form of commentaries, viewpoints, letters, or editorials (78.44%), and just 38 records were empirical studies that reported empirically derived characteristics of predatory journals. We extracted 109 unique characteristics from these 38 studies, which we subsequently thematically grouped into six categories: journal operations, article, editorial and peer review, communication, article processing charges, and dissemination, indexing and archiving, and five descriptors. Conclusions: This work identified a corpus of potential characteristics of predatory journals. Limitations of the work include our restriction to English language articles, and the fact that the methodological quality of articles included in our extraction was not assessed. These results will be provided to attendees at a stakeholder meeting seeking to develop a standardized definition for what constitutes a predatory journal.
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Cobey, Kelly D., Manoj M. Lalu, Becky Skidmore, Nadera Ahmadzai, Agnes Grudniewicz, and David Moher. "What is a predatory journal? A scoping review." F1000Research 7 (August 23, 2018): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15256.2.
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Background: There is no standardized definition of what a predatory journal is, nor have the characteristics of these journals been delineated or agreed upon. In order to study the phenomenon precisely a definition of predatory journals is needed. The objective of this scoping review is to summarize the literature on predatory journals, describe its epidemiological characteristics, and to extract empirical descriptions of potential characteristics of predatory journals. Methods: We searched five bibliographic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase Classic + Embase, ERIC, and PsycINFO, and Web of Science on January 2nd, 2018. A related grey literature search was conducted March 27th, 2018. Eligible studies were those published in English after 2012 that discuss predatory journals. Titles and abstracts of records obtained were screened. We extracted epidemiological characteristics from all search records discussing predatory journals. Subsequently, we extracted statements from the empirical studies describing empirically derived characteristics of predatory journals. These characteristics were then categorized and thematically grouped. Results: 920 records were obtained from the search. 344 of these records met our inclusion criteria. The majority of these records took the form of commentaries, viewpoints, letters, or editorials (78.44%), and just 38 records were empirical studies that reported empirically derived characteristics of predatory journals. We extracted 109 unique characteristics from these 38 studies, which we subsequently thematically grouped into six categories: journal operations, article, editorial and peer review, communication, article processing charges, and dissemination, indexing and archiving, and five descriptors. Conclusions: This work identified a corpus of potential characteristics of predatory journals. Limitations of the work include our restriction to English language articles, and the fact that the methodological quality of articles included in our extraction was not assessed. These results will be provided to attendees at a stakeholder meeting seeking to develop a standardized definition for what constitutes a predatory journal.
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Bolton, Kingsley, David Graddol, and Rajend Mesthrie. "Editorial." English Today 24, no. 2 (2008): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078408000138.
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The contents of this issue reflect the diversity of English today, as a world language, and as a language of diverse functions and possibilities, with contributions from Asia, South Africa and Europe. The first article by Kingsley Bolton looks at issues related to Asian Englishes, and attempts to survey major questions relating to the spread of English in the region. The second article by Rajend Mesthrie focuses on the role of English in contemporary South Africa and debates relating to the maintenance of African languages among young people in the post-apartheid era. One point that emerges from both articles is that English in both locations is seen as a middle-class language, or, at least, a language of middle-class aspiration.
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Williamson, Thea. "Authoring Selves in School: Adolescent Writing Identity." Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice 68, no. 1 (2019): 250–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381336919870291.
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This embedded case study investigates the nature of authorship in a secondary English Language Arts classroom by examining two adolescents’ writing identities and experiences writing across genres. Using rhetorical genre theory, the study illustrates how composition and notions of authorship in this context were strongly informed by conversations—both with peers and the teacher. An additional finding was that students wrote themselves into different genre identities as they composed poetry, editorials, and memoirs, drawing on different authorial stances and sources of knowledge. Finally, this analysis documents robust learning about the nature of writing, including transferring rhetorical strategies across contexts and purposes, skills often called for in education policy as well as career and college writing, not documented in secondary schools. Implications for teaching include valuing relationship-building conversations, offering students multiple genre positions across secondary writing experiences, and considering ways to build upon writers’ self-described and socially constructed identities as successful writers.
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Azriful, Azriful, Fatmawaty Mallapiang, and Yessy Kurniati. "Literature Review: Social Determinant of Health in Breast Cancer Patients Survival." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, E (2021): 624–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6637.
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BACKGROUND: Social determinants have an important role in the survival of breast cancer patients. AIM: This article aims to reviews the social determinants that affect the survival of breast cancer patient. METHODS: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for identifying studies related to this review using free-text terms and Medical Subject Headings terms. Both experimental and observational studies on social determinants of breast cancer patient survival which were published in the English language have been included in this review except expert opinions, commentaries, editorials, and review articles. Ten studies were eligible to be included in review. RESULTS: Social health determinants that play a role in the survival of breast cancer patients are education level, place of residence, socioeconomic status, social environment, racial discrimination, and access to health services. CONCLUSION: Social determinants have an influence on the survival of breast cancer patients, so it is important to pay attention to these factors.
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Dahal, Sudarshan Prasad. "Media Autonomy in Cross-road in Post-Conflict Democracy of Nepal." Bodhi: An Interdisciplinary Journal 7 (December 31, 2019): 35–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bodhi.v7i0.27904.
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Nepali media intend towards neutral projections of their institutional stance covering politics in a balanced way despite a long practiced political parallelism in the country. The media also project both dark and bright sides of Nepalese politics for strengthening democracy in post-conflict period of Nepal. This study has examined editorial contents covered by two leading Nepali newspapers: The Kathmandu Post daily and Nepali Times weekly, both published in English language.
 The focus of this research has been to examine the editorials appeared during election campaign of Constitution Assembly, 2008. The study has chosen two dominant framing concepts: thematic vs. episodic framing, in order to explore the phenomenon of media autonomy in the Nepalese context. The findings show a mixed result where the media appear more likely to an instrumentalized phenomenon while projecting government/political parties’ policies and decisions. Their issues and activities were framed thematically putting public issues in general context, and also detracting political issues from negative stereotyping in their institutional viewpoints. At the same time, media portray the issues and activities focusing on particular events and occurrences while framing political parties/governments and their leaders with negative attributes of conflict and personalization frame. It can be argued that some external forces such as increasing dispute among political actors and increasing volume of impunity against journalism could be the consequences of media’s less likely instrumentalized appearance to political forces.
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Syvänen, Salla, and Chiara Valentini. "Conversational agents in online organization–stakeholder interactions: a state-of-the-art analysis and implications for further research." Journal of Communication Management 24, no. 4 (2020): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcom-11-2019-0145.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to review the extant literature on chatbots and stakeholder interactions to identify major trends and shed light on knowledge gaps.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. A code book based on early systematic literature reviews was developed and used to extract information from 62 discrete peer-reviewed English articles. An inductive approach was used to analyse definitions of chatbots, topics, metrics, perspectives and implications.FindingsChatbots have been studied by many different disciplines, but not much from organizational, stakeholder and corporate communication perspectives. Existing studies focus on the technical developments of chatbots and chatbot language and conversations skills. Research has remained anchored at the micro-level understanding of the phenomenon, that is, the nature of chatbots, but has not yet taken into consideration the meso (organizational) or macro (societal) levels.Research limitations/implicationsThis study focused only on academic peer-reviewed papers in English and excluded conference proceeding, books, book chapters and editorials that may have offered other important and relevant reflections. The limited number of studies in communication-related disciplines shows that corporate communication scholars could contribute more to the discussion of chatbot–stakeholder interactions.Originality/valueThis is the first research in the field of corporate communication that examines organizational chatbot–stakeholder interactions. Results of this review offer important information on chatbots' organizational capabilities and affordances, which, arguably, must be taken into consideration when stakeholder engagement strategies are set.
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Richer, Monique, and M. Lynn Crismon. "Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Offenders." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 27, no. 3 (1993): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809302700314.
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OBJECTIVE: To review the definition, sociology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, medicolegal aspects, and pharmacologic treatment of sexual offenders, with emphasis on the antiandrogens, the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonists, and the serotonergics. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search using MEDLINE (1966–1991) yielded clinical trials, case reports, editorials, and review articles. STUDY SELECTION: Emphasis was placed on comparative trials and case reports discussing pedophilia, rape, and exhibitionism. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from controlled human studies were evaluated. The trials were assessed for sample size, duration of therapy, therapeutic response, and incidence of recidivism. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacologic management of sexual offenders is controversial, and treatment is presently focused on psychotherapy and the use of antiandrogenic medications. Few well-controlled, blinded, efficacy trials with adequate sample sizes have been conducted. The populations studied are heterogeneous, and the subjects enrolled present with different sexually coercive behaviors. Consequently, the results of these studies are difficult to extrapolate to the treatment of other sexual offenders. No convincing evidence exists that pharmacologic treatment decreases the recidivism rate. Case reports describing the use of serotonergic drugs and LHRH antagonists hopefully will promote controlled clinical trials. A social consensus must be reached concerning the ethics of using these agents as a part of the treatment of sexual offenders.
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Weaver, Landon, Laura Palombi, and Karen M. S. Bastianelli. "Naloxone Administration for Opioid Overdose Reversal in the Prehospital Setting: Implications for Pharmacists." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 31, no. 1 (2017): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190017702304.
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Background: Fatalities from opioid overdose have risen by 117% over the past 10 years. Increasing access to the opioid antagonist, naloxone can combat this trend and saves lives. This study investigates the various routes of naloxone administration for opioid reversal in the prehospital setting. Methods: PubMed, Ovid, and Google Scholar were searched for references that included the words naloxone and prehospital. Inclusion criteria were peer reviewed publications after 1995, English language, studies conducted in an outpatient setting, and intramuscular, intranasal, intravenous, or subcutaneous formulations; exclusion criteria were review articles or editorials. Results: 8 articles met the inclusion criteria: intramuscular, intranasal, intravenous, and subcutaneous dosage forms of naloxone were analyzed to compare their time to administration, time to efficacy, financial impact, administrator safety, and administrator preference. Conclusion: There is little consensus on the optimal route of naloxone administration in the prehospital setting. Little training is required for proper administration of the intramuscular auto-injector; however, the high price of this device is a barrier to access. Intranasal naloxone appears to be the optimal dosage form when considering cost, effectiveness, and administrator safety. Pharmacists must be aware of trends in naloxone use, dosage forms, and administration when caring for patients and their communities.
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Ayaz, Muhammad, Syeda Ayman Zaidi, Muhammad Hamza Khan, and Aatik Arsh. "Effects of psychological intervention on rehabilitation outcomes in patients with spinal cord injury; a systematic review." Rehman Journal of Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52442/rjhs.v3i1.85.
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Introduction: Psychological issues are common in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) which negatively affects rehabilitation outcomes. Therefore, early psychological interventions are as important as physical rehabilitation. The aim of the study was to systematically review literature regarding the effects of psychological interventions on rehabilitation outcomes in patients with SCI. Material & Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Literature was searched in PubMed and PEDro databases. Articles published in English language from earliest record to August 2020 were searched. Observational and interventional studies which assessed effects of different psychological interventions on rehabilitation outcomes in patients with SCI were included. Review articles, editorials, short communications and conference papers were excluded. Quality assessment of the interventional studies was assessed using PEDro scale while methodological quality of the observational studies was carried out using NIH quality assessment tools. Results: On the basis of eligibility criteria, 13 studies were included. Out of the total studies, 11 were observational studies and the remaining 2 were interventional studies. The included studies reported that psychological interventions improve rehabilitation outcomes such as functional independence, community participation and quality of life. Conclusion: Psychological treatment is an effective complement to physical rehabilitation interventions to improve functional status of patients with SCI.
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Morelli, Ilaria, Maria Grazia Sabbadini, and Michelangelo Bortolin. "Orthopedic Injuries and Their Treatment in Children During Earthquakes: A Systematic Review." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 30, no. 5 (2015): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x15004951.
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AbstractOrthopedic injuries commonly affect children during earthquakes, but reports about them are rare. This setting may lead to different standards of care, but guidelines are still missing in this field. A systematic review was performed to: (1) assess type and body distribution of pediatric earthquake-related injuries, treatment performed, length of stay, and complications; and (2) identify starting points to define standards of care.PubMed database was researched for papers (1999-2014 period) in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. Inclusion criteria were: English, French, Spanish, or Italian language and data reported about orthopedic lesions in children (≤18 years old). Reviews, letters, commentaries, editorials, and single case reports were excluded. Two independent reviewers selected articles after abstract and full-text reading.Traumatic injuries caused child hospital admissions ranging from 46.9% to 100.0%; 16% to 53% suffered fractures. Lower limbs mostly were involved. Soft-tissue injuries affected 55% of patients. Debridement and external fixation (EF) were the most frequent surgical treatments. Amputation rates varied from 5% to 11%.This study revealed that field hospitals should be prepared to: (1) treat mainly lower extremities fractures in children; and (2) use especially EF techniques. The presence of orthopedic surgeons familiar with pediatric traumatology should be considered.MorelliI, SabbadiniMG, BortolinM. Orthopedic injuries and their treatment in children during earthquakes: a systematic review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015;30(5):478–485.
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Tonkin, Humphrey. "Editorial." Language Problems and Language Planning 24, no. 1 (2000): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.24.1.02ton.
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Since LMLP, the precursor of LPLP, began publication over thirty years ago, the field of sociolinguistics and language policy has changed. Dedicated to the study of the terrain where languages intersect, the journal began in an environment in which the principal problem was the failure of information to flow across language barriers; today the issue is not porosity but homogeneity: English has pulled ahead of its competitors as globalization continues. LPLP has had mixed success over the years in promoting the study of international aspects of language contact and policy. What can it do today to increase that success? Should it be renamed, to take into account a shift in overall scholarly interest from language planning to language choice? Should it continue to encourage submission of manuscripts in languages other than English? Should the content of the journal change to match changing times? Should the journal be linked with other means of communication, e.g. a website for updates and reader comments? Above all, what can it do to stimulate more research and writing in its chosen fields of language policy, language choice, and multilingualism?
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shao, x. z. "practising my english in china." English Today 21, no. 4 (2005): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078405004116.
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a very personal story. [this ‘language biography’ is written by a younger academic who teaches in a well-known mainland chinese university, who grew up in a time of great difficulty and change, in which he often felt caught between ideologies, cultures, languages, and literatures, in the course of which however english became a deeply personal possession. in order to retain the authentic voice of the text, editorial ‘smoothing out’ has been kept to a minimum. – editor.]
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Geurian, Kristi, Julianne B. Pinson, and C. Wayne Weart. "The Triglyceride Connection in Atherosclerosis." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 9 (1992): 1109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600913.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the proposed mechanism of triglyceride-induced atherogenesis, to address the controversy surrounding serum triglycerides as a coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor, and to recommend an appropriate therapeutic approach to hypertriglyceridemia. DATA SOURCES: Studies, review articles, and editorials published since 1976. A MEDLINE search of English-language literature was conducted using the terms triglyceride and hypertriglyceridemia. STUDY SELECTION: Studies, review articles, and editorials were selected for detailed review if they addressed the pathogenesis of triglyceride-induced atherosclerosis, the controversy associated with elevated serum triglyceride as a CHD risk factor, and hypertriglyceridemia treatment options. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were reviewed that described the atherogenicity of chylomicron and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants, the inverse relationship that exists between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and serum triglyceride, the hypertriglyceridemia treatment controversy, and the treatment options of diet, exercise, weight control, alcohol restriction, and medication. DATA SYNTHESIS: Hypertriglyceridemia is a well-known risk factor for pancreatitis. However, its role in atherogenesis is less well defined. Several proposed connections appear to exist between hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis, including the inverse correlation between triglycerides and HDL, the presumed atherogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein remnant particles, the potential resultant increase in the serum concentration and atherogenicity of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and the proposed interaction between serum triglyceride and the fibrinolytic/coagulation system. Clinical trials addressing this issue offer mixed results that are subject to interpretation. Diet, exercise, weight control, alcohol restriction, and certain lipid-lowering medications are effective at reducing serum triglyceride. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertriglyceridemia is a theoretical risk factor for CHD because of the increased production of atherogenic chylomicron and VLDL remnants, the inverse relationship present between serum triglyceride and HDL, the possible resultant increase in LDL attributable to remnant-reduced hepatic LDL-receptors as well as the formation of more dense and, therefore, more atherogenic LDL, and to the interaction between serum triglyceride and the fibrinolytic/coagulation system. However, most clinical trials that have found hypertriglyceridemia to be a risk factor for CHD do not include other CHD risk factors in their analyses. Therapeutic intervention to lower serum triglyceride with diet, exercise, and/or drugs is definitely recommended in the treatment and/or prevention of pancreatitis; however, the role of triglyceride-lowering to reduce CHD risk remains controversial.
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Mahoney, Terry J. "Overcoming the English-Language Barrier." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 24, no. 3 (2001): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00001073.
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AbstractAstronomers from non-English-speaking countries, who form a sizeable proportion of the astronomical research community, are obliged to communicate the results of their investigations in a language that is not their own. Consequently, good science is frequently masked by poor command of English, which can create an unnecessary barrier to the communication of scientific results. A suggested method of surmounting the language barrier is the setting up of scientific editorial services in at least the major astronomical centres. It is further argued that journal editors, rather than scientific referees, should be responsible for judging the linguistic and stylistic quality of articles presented for publication. The peer-review system would then be restricted exclusively to the scientific rather than linguistic content of papers presented.The scientific Editorial Service of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, in operation since 1996, is briefly described in this context.