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Eller, Fred J., Grant T. Kirker, Mark E. Mankowski, and Gordon W. Selling. "Butylated hydroxytoluene and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid combined with cedarwood oil as wood treatments for protection from subterranean termites and wood-decaying fungi." BioResources 19, no. 3 (2024): 5847–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.3.5847-5861.
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The effects of the antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and the metal chelator, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in combination with cedarwood oil (CWO) were investigated for wood preservation against subterranean termites as well as two species of white-rot decay fungi and two species of brown-rot decay fungi. Vacuum pressure impregnation was used to treat wood blocks. Resistance of the treated wood test blocks was evaluated using a no-choice bioassay for termites and a soil bottle assay wood decay fungi. Eight treatments were tested: H2O only; BHT only; EDTA only; BHT with EDTA; CWO only; CWO with EDTA; CWO with BHT; and CWO with BHT plus EDTA. For termites, the lowest percentage wood mass losses were for the EDTA, BHT, CWO, and CWO/EDTA treatments, all of which were statistically equivalent. Correspondingly, these treatments all had the highest termite mortalities at 100%. The four species of decay fungi were affected differently by the wood treatments; however, overall CWO and EDTA gave the best protection against wood mass loss. The addition of BHT did not decrease mass loss.
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Gogos, C., C. Stavrianos, I. Kolokouris, N. Economides, and I. Papadoyannis. "Shear Bond Strength of Two Resin Cements to Human Root Dentin Using Three Dentin Bonding Agents." Operative Dentistry 32, no. 1 (2007): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/06-3.
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Clinical Relevance The application of 15% EDTA solution was shown to be an alternative to the commonly used 37% phosphoric acid in the bonding procedures of resin cements. The self-etching adhesive tested was found to improve bond strength more than one-bottle adhesives.
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Németh, Kinga Dorottya, Roland Told, Péter Szabó, et al. "Comparative Evaluation of the Repair Bond Strength of Dental Resin Composite after Sodium Bicarbonate or Aluminum Oxide Air-Abrasion." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (2023): 11568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411568.
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The dental prophylactic cleaning of a damaged resin-based composite (RBC) restoration with sodium bicarbonate can change the surface characteristics and influence the repair bond strength. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of sodium bicarbonate (SB) and aluminum oxide (AO) surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of repaired, aged RBC. Bar specimens were prepared from microhybrid RBC and aged in deionized water for 8 weeks. Different surface treatments (AO air-abrasion; SB air-polishing), as well as cleaning (phosphoric acid, PA; ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic-acid, EDTA) and adhesive applications (single bottle etch-and-rinse, ER; universal adhesive, UA), were used prior to the application of the repair RBC. Not aged and aged but not surface treated RBCs were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The repaired blocks were cut into sticks using a precision grinding machine. The specimens were tested for tensile fracture and the µTBS values were calculated. Surface characteristics were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. AO-PA-UA (62.6 MPa) showed a 20% increase in µTBS compared to the NC (50.2 MPa), which proved to be the most significant. This was followed by SB-EDTA-UA (58.9 MPa) with an increase of 15%. In addition to AO-PA-UA, SB-EDTA-UA could also be a viable alternative in the RBC repair protocol.
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Muhammad, Samreen Fakeer, Parigul Baloch, Shakeel Akbar, Safia Ewaz Ali, Shazia Saeed, and Maryam Shoaib. "Relationship between Maternal Hemoglobin Concentration to the Newborn Cord Blood Hemoglobin and Serum Concentration." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (2021): 2320–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211572320.
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Objective: To determine the mean cord blood hemoglobin and ferritin concentration in newborn of anemic mothers. Study Design: Cross sectional Place and Duration: Gynae & Obs department of Dow University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan during the period from January, 2018 to July, 2019. Methodology: A total of 100 anemic pregnant women as per inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Cord blood sample (5ml) was obtained by sterile needle puncture immediately after cord clamping. 2ml will collected in EDTA bottle for full blood count analysis and 3ml collected in plain bottle for serum ferritin analysis. Final outcome was recorded on approved proforma. Results: The average age of the patients was 29.33±3.23 years. Mean cord blood hemoglobin and ferritin concentration in newborn of anemic mothers was 14.78±1.62 g/dl and 94.10±67.47 u/ml. Conclusion: We found that average hemoglobin of the women recruited in our study was 9.59±0.815 g/dl however we could find no correlation between mean cord blood hemoglobin and ferritin concentration in newborn of anemic mothers. Key Words: Cord blood Hemoglobin, Ferritin, Anemic mothers
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Beasley, Richard, David Fishwick, Jon F. Miles, and Leslie Hendeles. "Preservatives in Nebulizer Solutions: Risks without Benefit." Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 18, no. 1 (1998): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03832.x.
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Edetate disodium (EDTA) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) are often present as preservative or stabilizing agents in nebulizer solutions used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Benzalkonium chloride is a potent bronchoconstrictor when inhaled in concentrations similar to those in which it is present in these solutions. Inclusion of BAC (together with EDTA) in the ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) nebulizer solution resulted in paradoxic bronchoconstriction in some asthmatic patients and an overall reduction in bronchodilator efficacy. The presence of BAC in albuterol nebulizer solutions does not affect the short‐term bronchodilator response to a single dose, although case reports suggest that its repeated use in patients with severe asthma may result in paradoxic bronchoconstriction. When inhaled by asthmatic subjects, EDTA also causes dose‐dependent bronchoconstriction, although it is less potent than BAC. The Use of preservative‐free bronchodilator nebulizer solutions does not result in clinically significant bacterial contamination if they are dispensed in sterile unit‐dose vials, in volumes and concentrations that do not require modification by the user. Despite this evidence, in the United States a number of solutions, including some preparations of albuterol, contain either BAC or EDTA. Current regulations do not require that the concentration of preservatives be documented on the product; however, considerably different doses of BAC are delivered with different products. For example, a standard 2.5‐mg dose of albuterol nebulizer solution contains 50 μg of BAC when administered from the multidose dropper bottle and 300 μg from the unit‐dose screw‐cap product. Furthermore, it is legal for pharmacists to substitute or compound solutions containing high concentrations of BAC when the physician has prescribed a preservative‐free product. We recommend that the United States follow the practice of most Western countries and withdraw bronchodilator nebulizer solutions that contain preservatives such as BAC. We further recommend that the solutions should be prepared under sterile conditions, formulated preservative free, and made available in unit‐dose vials.
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Daniels A. O., Fadairo J. K., and Abegunde J. O. "Assessment of Selected Haemostatic Parameters among Pregnant Women at Different Parities." Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare, no. 74 (December 21, 2024): 83–90. https://doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.74.83.90.
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Coagulation pattern in pregnancy is postulated to be impacted by gestational age and parity. The study sets out to assess the prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelets count (PLT) in pregnant women and investigate the impact of parity on these haemostatic parameters. A total of 150 participants were recruited into this study comprising of 75 pregnant with different parity and varying trimester and 75 non-pregnant women. 4.5ml of venous blood sample was collected into 1/10 volume of 3.8% sodium citrate anticoagulant bottle and 4ml of venous blood sample was collected into ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant bottle from each participant after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples were spun and separated in the laboratory. PT, APTT and PLT were analyzed immediately using Quick’s test, Tilt-tube method, improved Neubauer hemocytometer method respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and taken to be significant at p<0.05. Prothrombin time in pregnant women (15.76 ± 2.91) was significantly prolonged compared with non-pregnant participants (13.03 ± 2.01) in this study (p<0.05). APTT on the other hand was lower among pregnant women (23.71 ± 5.23) than non-pregnant women (34.86 ± 2.86) p<0.05. There was no significant difference between the platelets count among the two groups. Higher parity showed significant association with prolonged PT and shortened APTT. Pregnancy exhibits modulatory effects on haemostatic parameters with noticeable impact on PT and APTT. Increased parity appears to be an independent factor to this effect.
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Epsar, Philip Kopteer, Adetutu Ogwurike Bosede, Ene Akpa Lucy, Karau Shomboro, Nkere Emmanuel Dolly, and Joel Kumshin Ashinnan. "Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites of cattle in Kugiya Market, Bukuru, Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 3 (2024): 871–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14738982.
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Gastrointestinal helminth infection in cattle caused by trematodes (flukes), cestodes (tapeworms), and nematodes (roundworms) causes significant diseases which may result to growth retardation and significant economic damage. An investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of cattle sold at Kugiya market Bukuru, Jos South LGA was carried out between January and April 2016. Faecal samples of 232 cattle were examined using floatation method (Saturated Salt Solution). All the samples had gastrointestinal parasites. Nineteen 19(100%) species of gastrointestinal parasites were encountered, 2(3.88%) of which are protozoans, while the remaining 17(96.12%) were helminths as follows: 5(17.67%) trematodes (including 1 amphistome), 1(12.07%) cestode and 11(17.67%) nematodes species. The most frequently encountered were nematodes with a prevalence of 66.38% (in 154 samples), followed by the trematodes in 41 samples with a prevalence of 17.67%, cestodes in 28(12.07%) and the least protozoa in 9(3.88%). The parasites encountered are <em>Dicrocoelium dendrititcum</em> 8(3.45%), <em>Taenia saginata</em> 28(12.07%), <em>Ostertagia ostertagi</em> 16(6.89%), <em>Trichuris trichuiria</em> 13(5.60%), <em>Oesophagustomum radiatum </em>16(6.89%), <em>Bunostomum phlebotomum</em> 22(9.84%), Amphiostomes species 15(6.47%), <em>Haemonchus contortus</em> 16(6.89%), <em>Cooperia</em> <em>pectinata</em> 19(8.19%), <em>Trichostrongylus</em> <em>axei</em> 11(4.74%), <em>Dicrocoelium</em> <em>hospes</em> 5(2.16%), <em>Strongyloides papillosus</em> 11(4.74%), <em>Fasciola</em> <em>hepatica</em> 7(3.02%), <em>Fasciola</em> <em>gigantica </em>6(2.59%), <em>Oesophagustomum </em>species 12 (5.17%), <em>Dictyocaulus</em> <em>viviparous</em> 7 (3.02%), <em>Ascaris</em> <em>vitulorum</em> 11(4.74%), <em>Eimeria bovis</em> 3(1.29%) and <em>Eimeria</em> <em>zuernii</em> 6 (2.59%). The cestode, <em>T. saginata </em>had the highest prevalence of 12.07% while the protozoa, <em>E. bovis</em> had the lowest 1.29%. Sex and age-related infection were not significantly different at P > 0.05. Likewise, the source, breed and stool consistency related infection were not significantly different.
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Abdul Manan, Indah Permata Sari,. "Pola Pertumbuhan Nannochloropsis oculata Pada Kultur Skala Laboratorium, Intermediet, Dan Massal [Patterns Growth Of Nannochloropsis oculata In Culture Scale Laboratory, Intermediate, And Bulk]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 4, no. 2 (2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v4i2.11562.
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Abstract One type of phytoplankton that are used in marine fish hatchery activities namely Nannochloropsis oculata. The purpose of study case is to know patterns growth of N. oculata in culture scale laboratory, intermediate, and bulk. Study was held in Situbondo Brackishwater Aquaculture Center of East Java in January-February 2011. Study case methods used is descriptive method. N. oculata culture techniques performed by multilevel methods, beginning with the isolation of phytoplankton in the media for/liquid, culture in test tubes 10 ml and elenmeyer 50-100 ml, culture on the bottle 100-1000 ml, culture in karboy of 20 liters, intermediate scale culture 100 - 1000 liters and a mass-scale culture with a volume of more than 1000 liters. Laboratory-scale use Walne for fertilizer. Intermediate-scale use of fertilizers FeCl3 1-2 ppm, 10 ppm EDTA, Na2HPO4 10-15 ppm, 100-150 ppm KNO3, and Tracemetals/vitmix 5 ml/m3, mass-scale culture use of fertilizers FeCl3 1 ppm, 5 ppm EDTA, TSP 20 ppm, ZA 40 ppm and 50 ppm urea. Water quality measurement results obtained by laboratory scale temperature is 23 - 25°C, intermediates and mass scale is 30°C, pH in the culture laboratory scale and intermediate is 7.7 to 7.8, mass culture pH is 7.9, salinity laboratory scale 29-30 ppt, intermediates and mass scale 30 ppt. During mass culture of N. oculata showed that the growth pattern in accordance with the general pattern of phytoplankton growth. Mass-scale culture produce 1504 x 104 cells/ml for six days.
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OLADELE, ESTHER, T. O. Yahaya, O. O. Adewumi, B. David, and A. J. Oladipo. "DISTRIBUTION OF ABO/RHESUS BLOOD GROUPS AMONG HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) POSITIVE PATIENTS IN LAGOS, SOUTH-WESTERN, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 3 (2020): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-127.
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The study aims to determine the distribution of the ABO/Rhesus Blood Groups among Hepatitis B virus (HBV) positive patients in Lagos State. Copies of structured questionnaires were distributed to 162 HBV patients that visited selected health facilities within 6 months in the city. After obtaining relevant information, whole blood samples were collected from each participant in an EDTA bottle. Thereafter, the ABO blood group types (A, B, AB, and O) as well as Rhesus blood groups were determined using standard protocols. Results showed that 48.1% of the participants had type O blood group, followed by type A (26.5%), type B (24.7%), and type AB (0.6%). Moreover, 94.4% of the participants were Rh+. The study showed that HBV was more prevalent among participants with type O blood group (48.1%) with rhesus positivity of 94.4%, compared to other blood group types. This indicates that type O individuals in the city could be more susceptible to HBV infection. There should be public awareness on the association between ABO/Rh blood groups and the prevalence of HBV infection in the state.
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D.O., Ejembi,, Daniel, B.C., Adejoh, O., et al. "Comparative Study on the Effect of Aqueous Extract of Moringa Oleifera and Vernonia Amygdalina Leaves on Some Biochemical Indices of Male Wistar Rats." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XII, no. V (2025): 220–26. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2025.12060019.
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Metabolic disturbances are sometimes due to alterations in some biochemical parameters and thereby become an indicator for the assessment of metabolic syndrome. The present study evaluates the comparative effects of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera and Vernonia amygdalina on some biochemical indices in male adult Wister rats. Thirty-two adult male Wister rats of average weight of 152 g. Rats were randomly assigned into four groups of eight each. Group one served as the control and each rat in this group received 2ml of distilled water orally and daily. Groups two and three received 2.5 g/ml of M. oleifera and V. amygdalina per body weight orally and daily. Group four received 2.5g/ml of M. oleifera with 2.5g of V. amygdalina per body weight orally and daily. Administration of the extract was done for 28 days. All the animals were sacrificed on the 29th day by jugular puncture; part of their blood was collected into plain bottle and spun to obtain serum, and part into EDTA bottle for other analyses. It was observed that a significant increase in total protein was recorded for the group administered V. amygdalina and the combination of M. oleifera with V. amygdalina. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in globulin concentration was observed in the group administered only V. amygdalina as well as the group administered the combination. M. oleifera increased serum albumin compared to V. amygdalina and the combination, but decreased the serum bilirubin and creatinine concentration relative to V. amygdalina and the combination. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in urea level was observed in the group administered the combination of M. oleifera and V. amygdalina and the group administered only M. oleifera when compared to the control value. It is therefore inferred that, aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera and Vernonia amygdalina has effects on biochemical indices of rats and can be exploited for adjustment purposes when imbalances in these biochemical indices exist and for monitoring some metabolic disturbances.
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Arif Ullah, Jamil Akhtar, and Muhammad Shoaib Khan. "Correlation of blood Complete Performed by Hematology Analyzer with manual methods at District Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan." BMC Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (2022): 24–29. https://doi.org/10.70905/bmcj.02.02.02.
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Objective: To measure the correlation between the results of Blood Complete performed by automated Hematology Analyzer Sysmex XP-100 with the manual methods at District Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Methods: This Comparative Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Samad Clinical Laboratory, District Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from October 2020 to October 2021. The Selection of 50 patients was made from all those who came to Samad clinical Laboratory for Blood complete determination from District Bannu. Using Standard Operating Procedure for Phlebotomy, 3ml of venous blood sample was obtained into tri-potassium Ethylenediaine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA K3) bottle for the determination of Blood Complete using the automated and the manual methods. Patients of any Age, Sex & Area having Advised Blood Complete tests were included in this study. Those Patients which blood samples were hemolyzed during phlebotomy, during sample processing, improper mixing, poorly prepared and poorly stained slides of blood samples were excluded from this study Results: Total 50 samples were processed. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were seen between the two methods (Manual & Automated). Similarly, the mean values of platelets, Hemoglobin (HB), Total Leucocyte (TLC), White Blood Cell (WBC), and Red Blood Cells (RBC) showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) and correlated positively when both methods were compared. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the present study that the results obtained from the hematology analyzer correlated well with those by the standard manual method, although the latter method provided additional diagnostic information on the blood pictures.
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N, Yashim, Obazee D. Y., Ogbe O. P, et al. "Altered Leucocyte Function and Hematological Parameters among Leukaemia Patients at the Oncology Department, National Hospital, Abuja." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 10, no. 10 (2022): 1780–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i10.034.
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Background: The incidence of Leukaemia is increasing in developing countries, particularly in Africa. Cancer-associated inflammation is a significant factor in improvements and survival of people with cancers. This study was aimed at evaluating changes in leucocyte functions and hematological parameters among leukaemia patients in Abuja, Nigeria. Method: The study comprised 30 leukaemia patients attending the Oncology Department of National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria from July 2019 to August 2020 and 20 healthy people. Three millimetres (3m1) of blood was collected from each participant into EDTA bottle and analyzed for full blood and differential counts using the Mythic 22 (Orphne, Switzerland) five-part differential hematology analyzer. CD4 and CD8 T cells were analyzed out by flow cytometry. Data analysis was done using IBM-SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA version-25.0. T-test was used to compare means of between groups and the significant value was set as P<0.05. Result: All hematological parameters were significantly lower (P<0.05) in leukaemia patients as compared to control except for monocytes and basophils. Also, WBC was significantly higher in leukaemia patients (13.0 ±0.57x109/L) as compared to 6.11±1.14109/L in control (P<0.05). CD4 (775.4082.91Cell/u1) and CD8 counts (634.40±101.43Cell/u1) were significantly higher in control as compared to leukaemia patients. Also, CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly higher (P<0.05) among control group 1.24 ± 0.15 than leukaemia patients (1.17 ± 0.09). Conclusion: This study found that changes in hematological parameters and leucocyte functions are significantly associated with leukaemia. The use of therapies that boost immune response in patients with leukemia is recommended.
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Fatima, Safia, Ayesha Hafeez, and Muhammad Aamir. "The Spectrum of Toxicological Analysis in a Tertiary Care Setting-Pakistan." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no. 4 (2022): 1172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i4.2918.
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Objective: To determine the frequency of opiate, cannabinoid, amphetamine, benzodiazepine, barbiturate, organophosphate, alcohol and related drugs of abuse poisonings in the tertiary care setting.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Toxicology & Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from Apr 2014 to Mar 2019.
 Methodology: Random sampling was done, and specimens of blood in an EDTA bottle, urine in a plain container and gastric lavage in a syringe were collected for drugs of abuse (Opiate, Cannabinoid, Amphetamine, Benzodiazepine, Barbiturate, Organophosphate) and alcohol. The screening was done on fluorescence immunoassay and Microarray Technology, while confirmation was done on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for all drugs of abuse except alcohols and Gas Chromatography (GC-Head space) for alcohols.
 Results: 146,601 toxicological tests were divided into two categories according to request forms; clinical toxicological cases 92,333 (63 %) and forensic toxicology 54,268 (37%). The maximum no of cases were routine toxicological analysis of blood, urine, and gastric lavage, 89,169 (60.8%) tests, and emergency toxicology cases were only 1,708 (1.2%) tests in clinical toxicology. Forensic toxicology included a maximum of no cases of routine workplace testing (two drug panel testscannabinoid and opiate) 43,850 (29.9%), and post mortem toxicology cases were only 6912 (4.7%). The frequency of benzodiazepine poisoning was maximum 1390 (28.5%) than cannabinoid and opiate poisoning, i.e., 180 (3.7%) and 210 (4.3%) respectively, in clinical toxicology cases. The frequency of benzodiazepine poisoning was still maximum 501 (22.2%) than Cannabinoid, Amphetamine and opiate poisoning, which were....
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Adeola, Oni A., Oni E. Abiodun, Aremu A. Adewale, et al. "Evaluation of Haematological Variation in Wistar Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Associated with Radon Ingestion from Groundwater." Physics Access 05, no. 01 (2025): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.47514/phyaccess.2025.5.1.009.
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Numerous studies have been conducted on radon inhalation and its effects on oxidative stress parameters, but research involving radon ingestion and its haematological effects has not been reported. A total of one hundred and ten (110) albino rats weighing between 150 – 200 g each, consisting of fifty (50) non-pregnant females and 50 males, were used in this study. The rats were randomly assigned to four groups according to the study design. Exposed group rats were fed with newly collected radon-laden water (RLW) with an average radon concentration of 44333 Bq/m3 every day, while rats in Control Groups were given stream water, called control water (CW), with an average radon concentration of 1030 Bq/m3, throughout the experiment. After eight (8), sixteen (16) and twenty-four (24) weeks of radon exposure, respectively, six (6) rats were euthanized from Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, after which the cervical dislocation was done to collect the blood samples. Blood samples were collected in an Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottle for a haematological assay. The collected samples were taken to the laboratory to determine the values of WBC, ABS Platelet Count, Haemoglobin, and PCV using an automated haematology analyzer. Results with a t-test analysis at α = 0.05 show significant differences in weeks 8 and 16, but more significantly in week 24. Therefore, the study highlights radon ingestion's potential to disrupt haematological parameters, emphasising the importance of mitigating radon exposure. Thus, it is crucial to supply drinking water that meets safety standards for radon levels to protect public health.
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Yusuf M and Darma BA. "Pattern of Haematological Indices Among Pregnant Women at Booking in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano." Ibom Medical Journal 15, no. 1 (2022): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.61386/imj.v15i1.232.
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Background: Haematological changes are some of the physiological events that occur in pregnancy. A proportion of women die each year as a result of pregnancy complications related to hematological profile alterations. This study observed the haemoglobin level, white blood cell and platelets counts of pregnant women and their association with sociodemographic factors.Objectives: To determine the pattern of haematological indices of pregnant women at booking in Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital and to determine the sociodemographic characteristics that affect haematological indices among the women.Methodology: The study was a cross sectional study of 256 pregnant women who booked for antenatal care at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital Kano. The sociodemographic information of the women was obtained using an interviewer administered questionnaire. About 3mls of venous blood was collected from each of the clients and put into an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottle; a full blood count analysis was then run on the samples. Results: The mean values for the different indices were: WBC 5.31 ± 2.68 x109/L, Haemoglobin level was 10.59 ± 1.13 g/dl and Platelet count was 208.4 ± 6.07 x109/ L. Majority of the clients were anaemic (68.35%), thrombocytopenia was found in 27.3%, and 40.63% had leucocytopenia. Statistical test of association using one –way ANOVA found no association between haemoglobin level and gestational age and no association between haemoglobin level and parity. However there were associations between haemoglobin level and age of the clients, and haemoglobin level and educational status. Conclusion: Significant proportion of women in this study were anaemic at booking and had no formal education; this demonstrates the need for awareness of the general public for the girl child education and women empowerment.
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Ferrari, Marco, Eugenia Lettieri, Denise Irene Karin Pontoriero, Pekka Vallittu, and Edoardo Ferrari Cagidiaco. "Particulate Filler and Discontinuous Fiber Filler Resin Composite’s Adaptation and Bonding to Intra-Radicular Dentin." Polymers 15, no. 15 (2023): 3180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15153180.
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The aim of this study was to assess adaptation and bonding to root canal dentin of discontinuous (short) glass fiber-reinforced composite to intra-radicular dentin (DSGFRC). Methods: Seventy virgin human teeth were extracted and then endodontically treated; then samples were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 10), based on the materials’ combinations as follows: Group 1, a two-bottle universal adhesive + DSGFRC; Group 2, a single-component universal adhesive + DSGFRC; Groups 3 and 4, the same materials of Goups 1 and 2 were used but after cleaning of the canal walls with 17% EDTA and final irrigation with 5.25% NaOCl Ultrasound Activated (UA); Group 5, traditional prefabricated fiber posts were luted after being silanized with G-Multi Primer; Groups 6 and 7, like Group 5 but after ultrasonic irrigation (UA). All sample roots were cut 1 mm thick (n = 10) to be evaluated regarding root canal adaptation using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and push-out bond strength. These results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance by ranks. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Bond strength forces varied between 6.66 and 8.37 MPa and no statistically significant differences were recorded among the groups. By microscopic examination, it was noted that ultrasonic irrigation increased the adaptation of the materials to the dentin surface. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it may be concluded that when DSGFRC was used for intracanal anchorage in the post-endodontic reconstruction, similar push-out retentive force and strength to those of traditional fiber posts cemented with particulate filler resin composite cements were achieved.
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Mitsan, Olley, Zekeri Sule, Aghatise Kevin Erhamwonyi, et al. "Heamatological Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital Okada, Edo State, Nigeria." International Blood Research & Reviews 14, no. 2 (2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ibrr/2023/v14i2303.
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Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period, and if untreated could lead to complications. This study, carried out at the Igbinedion university teaching hospital Okada to ascertain some hematological parameters, using 69 known diabetes patients who enrolled as an Out-patient in the General Out- Patient Department and 69 non- diabetes apparently healthy individuals as control. Thirty- nine of these diabetic individuals were female, while thirty were male individuals. For the non- diabetic individuals, thirty- seven were female, and thirty-two were male representing 53.6% and 46.4% respectively. Ethical approval from the institution was sought prior to commencement of study and quality control of reagents was strictly maintained. Five millilitres of whole blood was collected into an Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated bottle, and haematological parameters including PCV, HB, WBC, RBC,MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelet count were conducted for all individuals. Result obtained for Diabetic individuals showed a mean value of 34.63, 11.24, 4.41, 7.20 and 204.27 for PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC and platelets counts respectively, while for non-diabetic individuals, a mean value of 35.04, 10.09, 3.99, 7.07 and 262.56 respectively.Hb concentration and RBC count were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The Red cell indices, MCV and MCHC, were statistically significant. This study showed a statistically significant variation in some hematological parameters of diabetic patients compared to control group .Low platelet count and alteration to red cell morphology as indicated in values of MCV and MCHC among diabetic patients are indicators of thrombotic potential. Hence, routine screening of hematological parameters should be considered for proper management of diabetic patients.
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Ibijola, A. A., O. D. Ajayi, M. I. Onyema, et al. "Comparative Study of the Prevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women and Prospective Blood Donors in Ekiti State, South Western Nigeria." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 35, no. 11 (2023): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i115026.
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Background: Syphilis is a highly contagious, systemic bacterial illness that poses a serious public health threat on a worldwide scale. In addition to being spread sexually, the illness can also be contracted through blood donation. To accurately evaluate the epidemiological pattern and community impact of the disease, this research sought to ascertain the seroprevalence of syphilis among pregnant women and potential blood donors. In Ekiti State, southwest Nigeria, a comparative study was conducted to determine the frequency of syphilis among expectant mothers and potential blood donors.
 Materials and Methods: For this comparison research, which was conducted over a 12-month span, 370 potential blood donors and 300 antenatal enrolees were both selected. After getting each participant's full permission, a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic data was given, and 5 ml of whole blood was drawn by venepuncture into an EDTA bottle. Within seconds, plasma was extracted into a clear receptacle using spinning at 2500g for 5 minutes. ELISA-based fast test tools from Diaspot and Lab Acon were used to find Treponema pallidum. Each sample's reactivity to the two test instruments was read as a positive result, while each sample's lack of reactivity was interpreted as a negative result.
 Results: Syphilis seroprevalence among expectant mothers was 2.0% and 0% among female blood donors. Male blood donors had a syphilis seroprevalence of 2.1%, which was comparable to the seroprevalence of 2.0% observed in expectant women.
 Conclusion: The screening of potential blood donors and pregnant women for syphilis must be required, available, and cheap as this will improve early detection of the disease for proper therapy. There is a significant correlation between syphilis infection and pregnancy and blood donors.
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Ezenwaka, C. O., A. Udi, and S. O. Nzeako. "Occurrence of haemoparasites in cattle from three selected abattoirs in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria." Scientia Africana 23, no. 1 (2024): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sa.v23i1.16.
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Haemoparasites infestation in cattle cause significant economic loss due to morbidity and mortality and pose a major threat to food security, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This research aimed at determining the prevalence of haemoparasites in cattle from three selected abattoirs in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected via jugular vein ligation into an Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) bottle and examined for haemoparasites using standard laboratory techniques, after consent was obtained from cattle owners. Blood parasites detected were identified using keys. An overall prevalence of 21.31% was recorded; with 13 out of 61 samples examined being infected. Thirteen (13) male cattle were examined, out of which 4(30.77%) were infected; while, 9(18.75%) out of the 48 female cattle examined were infected. Although the males recorded a higher prevalence of infection than the females, the difference in prevalence between the sexes was not significant (P>0.05). Two tick-borne haemoparasites, namely Babesia sp. and Theileria sp. were recorded. Babesia sp. was found in 6(9.84%) while 11(18.03%) of Theileria were recorded (P<0.05). Abattoir-based prevalence indicated that of the 27 cattle examined in Aluu abattoir, 4(14.81%) were infected. Out of the 15 cattle examined in Choba abattoir, 3(20.00%) were infected; while of the 19 samples examined in Rumuosi abattoir, 6(31.58%) were infected. There was no significant association between the prevalence of infection and abattoirs sampled (P>0.05). High prevalence of haemoparasites indicates a potential risk of zoonosis among the population. Advanced studies on the disease’s epidemiology are needed for effective investigation and control strategies.
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Mohammed, A., S. H. Nuhu, S. Umar, and A. M. Umar. "Influence of feeding some common browse trees leaves hay on blood parameters of Yankasa lambs." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 6 (2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i6.2919.
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The study was conducted to investigate the influence of feeding some of the common browse trees leaves in Bauchi state on haematological and biochemical parameters of Yankasa lambs. Fourty lambs were allotted to eight different browse trees namely: Maje (Daniella oliver), Madaci (Khaya senegalensis), Marke (Anogesisessus leicarpus), Baure (Ficus syncomorus), Kuka (Adansonia gigitata), Magarya (Zizaphus Mauritania), Taura (Detarium macrocarpum) and Baushe (Terminalia glaucescens), as treatments with five replications in each case. The feeding trial lasted for seventy days. Ten milligrams (10mls) of Blood sample was collected from each animal at the end of the feeding trial. The samples were collected via Jugular vein early in the morning. About 3mls of each blood sample was placed in EDTA (anticoagulant) bottle for haematological studies. The haematological values obtained from lab were subjected to statistical analysis. The remaining 7mls was placed in universal bottle and allowed to stand at room temperature and centrifuged for 15 minutes. The serum was separated and store in a freezer for chemical analysis. The hematological values obtained from lab were subjected to statistical analysis. Results indicated Taura had significantly higher (p<0.05) PCV (40.70 %) and MCV (64.60 pl), Magarya Hb (13.66 g/dl) and RBC (8.48 X1012 ) Maje MCH (19.24 pg) values. Baure and Maje were higher (p<0.05) with statistically the same values of 7.22, respectively in RBC. WBC was highest in Marke leaves (10.5 X109) while Maje recorded significantly highest (p<0.05) MCHC value of 37.74 g/dl. Blood serum showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in Urea concentration across all the treatments. Animals fed Madaci recorded the highest Total protein value of 7.4 g/l. Conclusively, Madaci had the highest PCV, Hb and MCH and total protein but, no significant difference in urea across the treatments
 
 L'étude a été menée pour étudier l'influence de l'alimentation de certaines des feuilles d'arbres de 'browse' dans l'état de Bauchi sur les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques des agneaux Yankasa. Quarante agneaux ont été attribués à huit arbres de browse différents, à savoir : Maje (Daniella oliver), Madaci (Khaya senegalensis), Marke (Anogesisessus leicarpus), Baure (Ficus syncomorus), Kuka (Adansoni agigitata), Magarya (Zizaphus Mauritania), Taura (Detarium macrocarpum) et Baushe (Terminalia glaucescens), en tant que traitements avec cinq répétitions dans chaque cas. L'essai d'alimentation a duré soixante-dix jours. Dix milligrammes (10 ml) d'échantillon de sang ont été prélevés sur chaque animal à la fin de l'essai d'alimentation. Les échantillons ont été prélevés par veine jugulaire tôt le matin. Environ 3 ml de chaque échantillon de sang ont été placés dans un flacon 'EDTA' (anticoagulant) pour les études hématologiques. Les valeurs hématologiques obtenues en laboratoire ont été soumises à une analyse statistique. Les 7 ml restants ont été placés dans une bouteille universelle et laissés au repos à température ambiante et centrifugés pendant 15 minutes. Le sérum a été séparé et stocké dans un congélateur pour l'analyse chimique. Les valeurs hématologiques obtenues en laboratoire ont été soumises à une analyse statistique. Les résultats ont indiqué que Taura avait des valeurs significativement plus élevées (p <0,05) le 'PCV' (40,70%) et le'MCV' (64,60 pl), Magarya Hb (13,66 g / dl) et le 'RBC' (8,48 X1012) Maje MCH (19,24 pg). Baure et Maje étaient plus élevées (p <0,05) avec statistiquement les mêmes valeurs de 7,22, respectivement en RBC. Le WBC était le plus élevé dans les feuilles de Marke (10,5 X109) tandis que Maje a enregistré la valeur ''MCHC significativement la plus élevée (p <0,05) de 37,74 g / dl. Le sérum sanguin a montré qu'il n'y avait pas de différence significative (p> 0,05) dans la concentration d'urée dans tous les traitements. Les animaux nourris au Madaci ont enregistré la valeur protéique totale la plus élevée de 7,4 g / l. En conclusion, Madaci avait les plus hauts 'PCV', 'Hb', 'MCH' et protéines totales, mais aucune différence significative d'urée entre les traitements.
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Shenoi, Pratima Ramakrishna, Chetana Sachin Makade, Deepa Deepak Shori, Sonal Pradeep Dhote, Mohit Kumar Gunwal, and Ameya Vasudeo Paralikar. "To Compare and Evaluate the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealer with and without Triple Antibiotic Paste using Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometric Analysis." International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2014): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1106.
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ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of current study was to compare and eva- luate the sealing ability of root canal sealer with and without triple antibiotic paste. Materials and methods Fifty extracted human single rooted teeth were selected and each test group had 25 teeth. The teeth were decoronated and then prepared with protaper rotary files till the no F2 in conjunction with 17% EDTA lubrication and 2 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The teeth in group I were obturated using the zinc oxide sealer mixed with triple antibiotic paste and the teeth in group II were obturated using the zinc oxide sealer alone and then nail varnish was applied leaving the apical 3 mm of root exposed. The apical third was then immersed in 5 ml of 2% methylene blue dye in 15 ml screw capped bottle for 72 hours. The varnish was removed and the teeth were subsequently immersed in 35% nitric acid and kept again for 72 hours in a centrifugal tube. After the teeth were completely dissolved the solution was then filtered with a fine grit filter paper and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 1 minute. The collected solution was then subjected to spectrophotometric analysis. The data was evaluated statistically by Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the sealing ability of two groups evaluated. Conclusion Present study suggests that addition of triple anti-biotic paste to the sealer increased its sealing ability, reduced the microleakage and also imparts the antimicrobial property to the sealer. How to cite this article Shori DD, Shenoi PR, Dhote SP, Makade CS, Gunwal MK, Paralikar AV. To Compare and Eva- luate the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealer with and without Triple Antibiotic Paste using Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophoto- metric Analysis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2014;4(2):48-51.
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Okolonkwo, Benjamin Nnamdi, Godspower Ikechi Achi, Erasmus Martha A, et al. "Effect of Garcinia Kola in Ivermectin-Induced Toxicity in the Hematology of Treated Rats (Rattus Novergicus)." Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 16, no. 7 (2024): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2024/v16i7395.
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Garcinia kola (GK) is prized in African herbal medicine for its diverse uses, including social, economic, and medicinal purposes. This study examined the dose-dependent toxicity of ivermectin and the protective effects of Garcinia kola extract on the hematological parameters of Wistar rats. A total of 32 Wistar Rats (120 – 150g) were randomly chosen from PAMO University of Medical Sciences' Animal House. They were acclimatized for two weeks. Divided into 4 main groups (A, B, C, D), which were further subdivided into 2 subgroups each (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2) with each subgroup containing 4 rats. Subgroup A: negative control (0 mg/kg BW of ivermectin, no Garcinia kola). Subgroup A2: positive control (0 mg/kg BW of ivermectin and 20 mg/kg/ml Garcinia kola). Test Subgroups 1 (B1, C1 and D1) received respectively doses of 10 mg/kg/ml, 20 mg/kg/ml, and 40 mg/kg/ml of Ivermectin intraperitoneally, Subgroups 2 (B2, C2 and D2) received respectively the same doses followed by oral administration of Garcinia kola at 20 mg/kg BW of rat per ml daily for 7 days, starting 24 hours after toxicity induction. On the eighth day, each rat was anesthetized with chloroform. 5mls of blood was collected via cardiac puncture into EDTA bottle for the analysis of the CBC parameters. ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses at alpha = 0.05. The result showed a significant dose-dependent difference in anaemia indicators in ivermectin induction but there was no significant change in after bitter kola treatment. The study has shown that ivermectin inflicted haematological toxicity particicular in particular in anaemic indicators but bitter kola couldn’t ameliorate the effect of the toxicity.
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Daniel Adewole, Pelumi, Tosin Deborah Ogundipe, Olumuyiwa Samuel Alabi, and Abdulrazak Nuhu. "Haematological parameter among drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Ibadan." African Health Sciences 24, no. 1 (2024): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v24i1.3.
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Background: Haematological abnormalities are common among tuberculosis patients but there is dearth of information on their value as prognostic markers in multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients. This study examined the association between complete blood count variables and drug resistant tuberculosis.
 Materials and methods: Nighty (90) consenting adults comprising 30 Drug Resistant Tuberculosis patients (DR-TB), 30 Drug susceptible tuberculosis patients (DS-TB) and 30 healthy participants were recruited in this study. Ethical approval was obtained from Oyo State Ministry of Health Institutional Review Board while patients’ demographic data were collected using structured questionnaire. Five milliliters (5mL) of blood samples were collected in EDTA bottle. Haematological parameters were analysed using impedance technique and Mindary-BG5380 5-part automated system.
 Result: The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients (11.70 ± 2.73 g/dL) than in DS-TB patients (8.33 ± 9.56 fL), with a mean difference of -3.37 ± 12.29 g/dL. The mean MCH and MCHC levels were also slightly lower in DR-TB patients (26.17 ± 3.44 pg and 30.41 ± 1.92 g/dL, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. The WBC count was similar in both groups (8.20 ± 3.80 × 10^9 /L and 8.45 ± 3.63 × 10^9 /L, respectively).
 Conclusion: The mean hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in DR-TB patients than in DS-TB patients which may be due to the increased inflammation associated with DR-TB. The WBC count was similar in both groups, suggesting that the immune system is responding similarly to the infection in both DR-TB and DS-TB patients.Recommendation: In the meantime, healthcare providers should be aware of these potential differences and use them to inform their diagnosis and treatment of patients with tuberculosis.
 Keywords: Haematological parameters; drug resistant tuberculosis; Ibadan.
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Kiyesi, Adekemi, Michael Ogamba, Ijeoma Meka, and Ajala Tokunbo. "EFFECTS OF ADIPONECTIN ON GLUCOSE AND LIPID METABOLISM IN PORT HARCOURT RESIDENTS." International Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijhs.918.
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Purpose: The study determined the effects of adiponectin on glucose and lipid metabolism in Port Harcourt residents, Rivers State, Nigeria.
 Methodology: The study was conducted in the Medical Outpatient Clinic and Chemical Pathology Department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), among 384 individuals who presented with metabolic disorders or for routine medical screening, using a sample size of 50% prevalence for insulinemia and employing the formula; N= Z2pq/d2. 5ml of venous blood was taken from the median cubital vein into an EDTA bottle for the laboratory analysis, while data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 and the results presented in tables as frequencies and percentages.
 Results: The socio-demographic characteristics was mostly 31-40 years, 273(82.0%) old, mainly females, 204(61.3%), mostly married, 182(54.7%), Christians, 333(100.0%) and had secondary education, 166(49.8%). Triglyceride level was mostly normal, 309(92.8%), HDLc was mostly low, 177(53.2%), LDLc was mostly good, 326(97.9%) and total cholesterol was mainly high, 322(96.7%). Fasting Blood Sugar was mostly normal, 197(59.2%) and high, 134(40.2%), Body Mass Index was mostly normal, 232(69.7%), Blood Pressure was mostly normal and high (138(41.4%) and 104(31.2%), and adiponectin level was mostly normal, 286(85/9%). 
 The association between adiponectin and plasma lipids was not statistically significant for all the lipids (triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc and total cholesterol) at 0.780, 0.616, 0.556 and 0.172 respectively, while the relationship between adiponectin and glucose metabolism shows that BMI was not statistically significant, 0.129, but FBS was weakly significant, 0.069. Similarly, there is a strong correlation between adiponectin and nutrients like glucose and lipids.
 Unique Contribution to Theory and Practice: It is important to undertake routine medical checks, as certain deviations in nutrient metabolism may not manifest immediately, but transient changes can be revealed by routine investigation and early interventions initiated to either remedy or avert occurrence.
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Akpan, S. S., A. A. Bob, and M. Mbah. "The prevalence of <i>Trypanosoma</i> species in cattle in Calabar Metropolis of Cross River State in Southern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 45, no. 1 (2024): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v45i1.16.
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This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Trypanosoma species in cattle due to the increasing movement of animals within the metropolis. Blood specimens were collected from 1200 cattle during slaughter at four abattoirs (Bogobiri, Nasarawa, Ibesikpo, and Ikot Eneobong) between February and May 2022. Dry universal containers were positioned in the stream of blood oozing from the cut neck of each cow. From these containers, 4 mL of blood was aspirated into an ethylenediamine- tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) bottle using a 5 mL syringe. Blood specimens were processed for microscopy at the Parasitology Laboratory of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. Wet preparation of each specimen was performed and examined for motile haemoparasites. Triple centrifugation was performed on 2 mL of each blood specimen at increasing speeds of 1000, 1500, and 3000 revolutions per minute for 5 min. During each centrifugation process, the resulting plasma was harvested and re-centrifuged. Finally, the resulting buffy coat layer and deposit were resuspended and used to prepare smears on clean microscope slides. After drying in air, blood smears were stained with 3% Giemsa solution for 30 min. The microscopy results showed that 570 stained blood specimens were positive for Trypanosoma species, which morphologically resembled Trypanosoma brucei because of their long free flagellum. The overall prevalence of trypanosomes in cattle was 47.5%. Of the total number of infected cattle, 330 were males and 240 were females. Theprevalence rates in male and female cattle were 27.5% and 20 %. There was no statistical difference in the occurrence of trypanosomes in the male and female cattle (X2 = 9.41; p > 0.05). However, the findings suggest that male cattle tend to forage more into the bush and are thus more likely to be exposed to bites of infected Glossina flies than their female counterparts. The high prevalence of trypanosomes in cattle, as shown in this study, may have major epidemiologic significance, considering the increasing rate of open grazing by cattle within residential areas in major cities all over Nigeria.
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Kolo, P. S., B. Otu, A. A. Banjo, and H. N. Kolo. "A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 1 (2021): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i1.2908.
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Wattle is of utmost ornamental importance for courting potential mates and influencing thermoregulatory mechanisms which help the animal adapt to the environment. It also provides information on relationship between haematological and serum biochemical parameters. A study on haematology and serum biochemistry of wattled and non wattled Red Sokoto does and their offspring was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Animal Production, Federal University of Technology, Minna. Fifty (52) Red Sokoto goats comprising of thirty-two (32) does four (4) bucks and sixteen (16) weaned kids managed semi-intensively were used for the study Blood samples were collected using 5 ml syringe and 22-guage needle from the jugular vein. 5 ml of blood was collected from each goat used out of which 2.5 ml was dispensed into Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) bottle while the remaining 2.5 ml was dispensed into plain (anticoagulant free) bottles and labelled properly according to the treatment group. Data collected were analyzed using SAS statistical package. It was observed: that wattle had significant effect (p<0.05) on Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cell (WBC), Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Chloride, Phosphorus, Cholesterol, Total Protein, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Total Bilirubin of Red Sokoto Does but had no significant influence on the haematology and serum biochemistry of wean Red Sokoto kids. Does in T3 had the highest MCH values of 63.50 mmo/l while treatments T1, T2 and T4 had values of 23.00 mmo/l, 33.00mmo/l and 34.00mmo/l respectively. Also Does in T2, T3 and T4 recorded higher calcium levels of 2.54mmo/l, 2.56mmol/l and 2.61mmo/l) respectively compared to values of 2.29mmo/l recorded in T1. These relevant influence of wattle therefore should suggest the deployment of deliberate effort to preserve the wattle gene to prevent the goats carrying the gene from going to extinction. L'acacia est de la plus haute importance ornementale pour courtiser les partenaires potentiels et influencer les mécanismes de thermorégulation qui aident l'animal à s'adapter à l'environnement. Il fournit également des informations sur la relation entre les paramètres hématologiques et biochimiques sériques. Une étude sur l'hématologie et la biochimie sérique des femelles de chèvres Sokoto femelle rouge et de leur progéniture a été réalisée à la Ferme d'enseignement et de recherche du Département de la production animale, Université fédérale de technologie, Minna. Cinquante (52) chèvres Sokoto femelle rouges comprenant trente-deux (32) femelles quatre (4) mâles et seize (16) chevreaux sevrés gérés de manière semi-intensive ont été utilisés pour l'étude. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés à l'aide d'une seringue de 5 ml et d'une aiguille de calibre 22 de la veine jugulaire. 5 ml de sang ont été collectés sur chaque chèvre utilisée, dont 2,5 ml ont été distribués dans un flacon d'acide éthylène diamine tétra acétique (le 'EDTA') tandis que les 2,5 ml restants ont été distribués dans des flacons simples (sans anticoagulant) et étiquetés correctement selon le groupe de traitement. Les données collectées ont été analysées à l'aide du progiciel statistique 'SAS'. Il a été observé : que l'acacia avait un effet significatif (p <0,05) sur l'hémoglobine corpusculaire moyenne (le 'MCH'), la concentration moyenne d'hémoglobine corpusculaire (le 'MCHC'), les globules blancs (GB), le sodium, le potassium, le calcium, le chlorure, le phosphore, le cholestérol, Protéine, lipoprotéine de faible densité (LDL) et bilirubine totale de chèvres Sokoto femelle rouges mais n'ont eu aucune influence significative sur l'hématologie et la biochimie sérique des enfants sevrés Red Sokoto. Les lapins de T3 avaient les valeurs 'MCH' les plus élevées de 63,50 mmo / l tandis que les traitements T1, T2 et T4 avaient des valeurs de 23,00 mmo / l, 33,00 mmo / l et 34,00 mmo / l respectivement. En T2, T3 et T4 ont également enregistré des taux de calcium plus élevés de 2,54 mmo / l, 2,56 mmol / l et 2,61 mmo / l) respectivement par rapport aux valeurs de 2,29 mmo / l enregistrées en T1. Ces influences pertinentes de l'acacia devraient donc suggérer le déploiement d'efforts délibérés pour préserver le gène de l'acacia afin d'éviter que les chèvres porteuses du gène ne s'éteignent.
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Ransom, Jacob, Aboko Princess, Evelyn Eze, and Jeremiah Zaccheaus. "Differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and beta thalassemia in Port Harcourt pregnant women using the Mentzer Index." Sanamed 19, no. 2 (2024): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sanamed0-51359.
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Introduction: The Mentzer index is a cost-effective and accurate method for differentiating between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta-thalassemia. Anemia in pregnancy is a global health concern, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where it is primarily linked to iron deficiency and may also include other underlying hemoglobin disorders, with beta-thalassemia (bT) being the most common. This cross-sectional study aimed to differentiate between iron deficiency anemia and beta-thalassemia in pregnant women attending tertiary hospitals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, based on the Mentzer Index. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 20 and 50 years were recruited for the study. Five milliliters (5 ml) of venous blood were collected from each participant using a disposable syringe and placed into an ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated bottle for full blood count determination using a Mindray automated analyzer. The Mentzer Index was calculated from the mean cell volume (MCV) and red blood cell (RBC) count values. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23. Results: Mean age ± SD of the study population (28.68 ± 5.6years), Mean + SD of Hb (11.38 + 2.08g/ dl), PCV (31.72 + 4.59%), RBC count (4.65 ± 1.86 x 1012/L), MCV (79.92 ± 5.91 fl) and Platelets count (272.9 ± 42.10 x 109 /L) respectively. Out of 120 participants, 48 (40%) had Hb and PCV values above 11.0 g/dl and 33% respectively. A total of 5 (4.17%) had a Mentzer index < 13 and confirmed beta-thalassaemia, while 67 (55.83%) had a Mentzer index > 13 and confirmed iron-deficiency anaemia indicating a 60% prevalance of anaemia in study population with iron-deficiency anaemia been more common amongst the study population than beta-thalassaemia. Conclusion: Based on the Mentzer Index calculation, this study revealed a high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and a lower prevalence of beta-thalassemia among pregnant women attending tertiary hospitals in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Healthcare practitioners should consider incorporating the Mentzer Index as a cost-effective means of differentiating iron deficiency anemia from beta-thalassemia in pregnant women, particularly in rural areas. Additionally, increased awareness and educational programs focusing on proper nutrition and iron supplementation during pregnancy should be advocated.
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Akabs, I. J. "Utility of World Health Organization Haematological Toxicity Scale in the Assessment of Smokers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria." African Journal of Laboratory Haematology and Transfusion Science 2, no. 4 (2023): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.59708/ajlhts.v2i4.2333.
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Introduction: This study was aimed at evaluating some haematological parameters among smokers in Port Harcourt, Rivers State and to ascertain if the effect of smoking can be assessed using the World Health Organization Haematological toxicity scale. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study which involved 100 individuals (50 smokers and 50 non-smokers) within the ages of 20-45 years was used. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture into an EDTA anticoagulant bottle for haematological analysis of selected haematology parameters. The samples were processed using haematology auto analyser- SYSMEX KX-21. Statistical analysis was done using Graph Pad prism version 8.02 for windows. Comparisons of mean and standard deviation were made for the various parameters using student’s t-test. Results: The mean values of haemaglobin for smokers (14.50 ± 1.773 g/dL) was significantly elevated when compared with 11.74 ±1.15 g/dL in non-smokers. (p≤ 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean values of leucocyte count in smokers compared to non-smokers (p ≥ 0.05). The mean value of granulocyte count in smokers (4.52 ± 1.28 x 109/L) was significantly higher than that of non-smokers (3.81 ±.0.72 x109/L) (p ≤ 0.0008). The mean platelet count of smokers (236.0 ± 64.65×109/L) was significantly raised when compared with that of non-smokers (217.7 ± 42.71×109/L). In the control group, 8% were found to be anaemic corresponding to Grade 2 of the WHO toxicity scale (8-9.4g/dL) whereas all of the smokers were one hundred percent (100%) in grade 0 (≥ 11.0 g/dL). For the white blood cell count, majority of the control subjects were 90% grade 2 (3.0-3.9×109/L) whereas among the smokers, they were 100% in grade 0. For the platelets, all the control subjects were 100% grade 0 (≥×109/L) while 2% of the smokers (test) fell into grade 1 (75-99×109/L) of the WHO toxicity scale ( ie mild thrombocytopenia). Conclusion: We concluded that smoking causes a significant elevation of haemogobin and granulocytes and at the same time elevated platelet counts whereas 2% of smokers fell into grade 1 of the toxicity scale. This effect may be more pronounced if a longer duration of smoking and a larger sample is considered in further studies.
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Aricandana, Putra Agung Eka, I. Gede Mega Putra, I. Wayan Megadhana, Anak Agung Ngurah Anantasika, Ida Bagus Gde Fajar Manuaba, and I. Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya. "Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali, Indonesia." Intisari Sains Medis 13, no. 1 (2022): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i1.1209.
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Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is still a common health problem in women, especially in the elderly female population. Pelvic organ prolapse is associated with a reduced quality of life for millions of women worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the COL1A1 rs 1800012 gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse in Balinese women, Indonesia.Methods: This case-control observational study involved 60 Balinese women aged 30-70 years divided into 30 subjects with pelvic organ prolapse as a case group and 30 subjects with non-pelvic organ prolapse as a control group. Subject selection and clinical examination were carried out at the Reconstructive Urogynecology Polyclinic and Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic, Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar and Prima Medika General Hospital Denpasar. Three ml of blood sample was drawn and then put into a bottle containing EDTA for Polymerase Chain Reaction COL1A1 rs 180012 gene polymorphisms at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. The data obtained were then analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions software version 21.0.Results: COL1A1 gene polymorphism was found in eight subjects in the case group and one subject in the control group. The results of bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between the COL1A1 gene polymorphism and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse (p = 0.011). The results of multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between COL1A1 gene polymorphisms and pelvic organ prolapse after controlling for controlled variables (parity status, occupation, BMI, age, menopause, and history of hysterectomy). Multivariate analysis showed adjusted odd ratio of 16.157 for the COL1A1 gene polymorphism (p = 0.021).Conclusion: COL1A1 gene polymorphism significantly increases the risk of pelvic organ prolapse in Balinese women. Pendahuluan: Prolaps organ panggul (POP) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan umum pada perempuan, terutama pada populasi wanita lanjut usia. Prolaps organ panggul berkaitan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup dari jutaan wanita di seluruh dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran polimorfisme gen COL1A1 rs 1800012 sebagai faktor risiko kejadian prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali, Indonesia.Metode: Studi observasional kasus kontrol ini melibatkan 60 orang perempuan Bali berusia 30-70 tahun yang terdiri dari 30 orang dengan diagnosis prolaps organ panggul sebagai kelompok kasus dan 30 orang dengan diagnosis non prolaps organ panggul sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pemilihan subjek dan pemeriksaan klinis dilakukan di Poliklinik Uroginekologi Rekonstruksi dan Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar dan Rumah Sakit Umum Prima Medika Denpasar. Sampel darah diambil sebanyak 3 ml kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam botol yang berisi EDTA dan dilakukan pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction untuk polimorfisme gen COL1A1 rs 180012 di Laboratorium Biomedik Terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Statistical Product and Service Solutions versi 21.0.Hasil: Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 ditemukan pada 8 subjek pada kelompok kasus dan 1 subjek pada kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara polimorfisme gen COL1A1 dan kejadian prolaps organ panggul (p = 0,011). Hasil analisis multivariat memperjelas hubungan signifikan antara polimorfisme gen COL1A1 dan prolaps organ panggul setelah dikontrol dengan variabel terkendali (status paritas, pekerjaan, imt, umur, menopause, dan riwayat histerektomi). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan adjusted odd ratio sebesar 16,157 untuk polimorfisme gen COL1A1 (p = 0,021).Simpulan: Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali.
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YAMAGUCHI, Akihiro, Toshiyuki YAMAGUCHI, Yumiko SHIROISHI, Yoshio SHIMIZU, and Nobuo TAKASUGI. "High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of EDTA, Calcium (II)-EDTA and Iron (III)-EDTA in Canned and Bottled Foods." Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 26, no. 3 (1985): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.26.253.
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Mba, Chinyelu O., Ransom B. Jacob, Mercy B. Green, and Loveday U. Zebedee. "Hematological Profile of Pregnant Women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria." International Journal of Translational Medical Research and Public Health 3, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21106/ijtmrph.63.
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BACKGROUND OR OBJECTIVES:
 Pregnant women experience a lot of changes, which often reflect in their hematological indices. The study examines the differences in the hematological profile of pregnant and nonpregnant women in Port Harcourt, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
 METHODS:
 The subjects were systematically sampled, comprising of 90 pregnant and 90 non-pregnant women, with ages ranging 16 to 45 years. Five milliliters of whole blood was collected from each subject at ambient temperature using standard venepuncture techniques and three milliliters was dispensed in EDTA bottle. T-test was used to compare the mean of the parameters among the pregnant and nonpregnant women. Analysis of variance was used to compare the means for the parameters within the three trimesters. Tukey’s Post Hoc test was used to identify the trimester pairs that had significant mean difference, Hematological parameters were analyzed using Abacus380 hematological analyzer. The data obtained were coded and analysed using SPSS version 20 and data were considered significant at p≤0.05.
 RESULTS:
 Comparison of pregnant women with controls showed that Total White Blood Count TWBC), monocytes, neutrophils, Mean Cell Volume (MCV), and Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH) were significantly increased in pregnancy (p<0.05); while Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and Mean Cell Hemoglobin concentration were significantly decreased (p<0.01). The following hematological parameters showed significant mean variation within the 3 trimesters: MCH (F=3.59, p=0.03) and MCHC (F=16.85, p<0.01). MCHC showed significant difference between first versus second trimesters (p=<0.01) and 1st vs. 3rd trimesters (p=<0.01).
 CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSLATION
 The lower hematocrit and hemoglobin level of pregnant women when compared with the non-pregnant controls implies that there is need for more emphasis on the importance of prenatal vitamin supplementation during the antenatal period, perhaps leveraging prenatal counselling sessions. Proper supplementation may avert anemia in pregnancy, and consequently, the poor birth outcomes.
 Key words: Hematological Profile • Pregnant Women • Nigeria • Pregnancy
 
 
 Copyright © 2019 Mba et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Baribefii Jacob, Ransom, Eboh Covenant, Sorgah Dorka ThankGod, and Moore-Igwe Beatrice W. "Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens in multiparous women attending antenatal clinic in tertiary hospital, port harcourt, Nigeria." Hematology & Transfusion International Journal 11, no. 1 (2023): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/htij.2023.11.00294.
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The routine blood screening test carried out for pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Tertiary Hospital Port Harcourt, Nigeria especially with regards to blood group system is limited to ABO/Rh D antigen screening. This cross-sectional, hospital-based study was aimed at determining the prevalence of the Rh C, c, E and e blood group antigens in multiparous women attending antenatal clinic in Tertiary Hospital Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) pregnant females within the age range of 18-40years were recruited randomly into the study between February-June, 2022. Blood samples were aseptically collected by venipuncture into EDTA sample bottle; Rh C, c, E and e blood group antigens were assay for using microwell agglutination technique. Data generated was statistically analyzed by simple percentage calculation and defining the percentage frequency of Rh antigens. Results obtained showed the percentage distribution of 17.5% for Rh C, 89.2% for Rh c, 39.2% for Rh E and 90.8% for Rh-e. Percentage distribution of Rh antigens amongst studied population based on parity showed that G3P2 group had the highest percentage positivity of 8(6.7%) for Rh-C antigen while those carrying their first pregnancy (prime) had the highest percentage positivity of 33(27.5%), 15(12.5%) and 36(30.0%) for Rh-c, Rh-E and Rh-e respectively. Distribution of Rh antigens with respect to previous transfusion history in studied participants showed 6 (5.0%), 15 (12.5%), 6 (5.0%) and 17 (14.2%) percentage positivity for Rh-C, Rh-c, Rh-E and Rh-e respectively. This study revealed a percentage positivity of 17.5%, 89.2%, 39.2 % and 90.8% for Rh-C, Rh-c, Rh-E and Rh-e respectively with high percentage expression for Rh-c, E and e antigens found on the red cells of Antennal Women carrying their first pregnancy. Furthermore, there is a high percentage expression of Rh antigens in previously transfused pregnant women in this study. Although routine phenotyping of these blood group antigens will be a financial burden in a resource limited country like Nigeria. It is expedient and needful to take into cognizance the fact that the presence of Rh C, c, E and e antigens may likely be the cause of some delayed transfusion reactions and haemolytic disease of the foetus and new born. Therefore, there is need for the inclusion of Rh C, c, E and e in routine antigen typing for pregnant women in other to help ameliorate red blood cell alloimmunization and delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction during pregnancy. Furthermore, there is need to promulgate policies that promote the optimum stocking of Rh-e, c antigen negative blood in blood banks in the area for emergency use.
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Okoro, Chinyere I., Francis C. Ihenetu, Kingsley Excel Dunga, et al. "Placenta and Cord Blood Malaria in Mothers and Neonates Attending Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State South East Nigeria." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 44, no. 8 (2023): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i81422.
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Introduction: In Malaria endemic countries, gestational and cord blood malaria prevalence are highly variable. A comprehensive study to determine the prevalence of placental and cord malaria has not been undertaken in Imo state, south eastern Nigeria. Thus, the need to determine prevalence of placenta and chord blood with Plasmodium falciparum infection among pregnant mothers and their neonates in Federal university teaching hospital Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
 Methodology: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out between the months of July 2021 and June, 2022 in some public and private hospitals in Owerri, south eastern Nigeria. Malaria transmission is stable with a high seasonal transmission from July to October. Placental and umbilical cord blood was collected into an EDTA bottle from mothers who consented and their neonates respectively at delivery. The presence of Plasmodium speciewas assessed microscopically and quantified by WHO Certified Malaria Microscopists. Parasite density was determined using WHO malaria microscopy protocol. Malaria parasite density was grouped as 1-500parasites/µl, 501-5,000parasites/µl (low), 5,001–10,000 parasites/µl (high), and >10,000 parasites/µl (very high) respectively for ease of analysis. Data was analyzed considering the parasite density grouping and parity while placenta and cord malaria prevalence were determined.
 Results: Placental and congenital malaria prevalence by microscopy was 21.3% vs. 8.2%. The primigravid had the highest infection rate of 33.0%. Considering the relationship between infection prevalence and parity of pregnancy, there was a significant difference P=.001. 4.2% of 119 neonate and 13.6% of 88 neonates from multigravid and primigravid mothers respectively examined had cord malaria. There was significant difference P=.002 comparing cord malaria infection prevalence and parity of pregnancy of matched mothers. The relationship between parasite malaria density and parity of pregnancy both in placental and cord malaria were not significant. Age group 20-25 years (45%) had the highest Prevalence while age groups 26-30 years recorded a prevalence of 33.3% for the primigravid and multigravid groups, respectively (P<0.05). The Geo mean range of 220 (3-8,250) vs. 23(2-6,412) parasite/µl of blood were recorded in primipare vrs multipare group. The result of this study showed moderate placental malaria infection and a low prevalence of cord malaria by microscopy. The presence of malaria parasites in cord blood at delivery and non in maternal placental blood was also demonstrated. There is a significant association between ITN (Insecticide-Treated Net) usage compliance rate and gravidity (primigravid vs. multigravid) among pregnant mothers. There is also a statistically significant relationship between age and gravidity in the occurrence of placenta malaria, as indicated by the chi-square test results.
 Conclusion: Antenatal exposure to malaria parasites may have profound effects on the fetus therefore prevention of malaria infection during pregnancy which may reduce the incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes should be strongly advocated.
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Kehinde, Wayebo Hannah, M. AFOLAYAN, and I. MALLAM. "HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF BROILER FINISHER CHICKENS FED DIETS CONTAINING VARYING LEVELS OF MYCOFIX®." FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 9, no. 2 (2023): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2023.0902.15.
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Three hundred (300) day old broiler birds were used for the feeding trial, while completely randomized design (CRD) was used to assign the birds to five diets, which were replicated three times each with 20 birds per replicate. The treatments were Mycofix®-containing regimens T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 at rates of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400g/100kg, respectively. The chickens were reared in a deep litter house. Clean water and feed were given free choice. On the 28th day of the trial, blood samples were drawn directly into vacutainer plastic bottles containing Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for haematological analysis and into bottles without EDTA for biochemical analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to run all collected data, and Duncan Multiple Range Test was used to distinguish between significant differences in treatment means. Packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell counts (RBC), mean corpuscular volume, and lymphocytes were not significantly different (P>0.05). The average levels of corpuscular haemoglobin and heterophils were significantly (P<0.05) influenced with higher values (MCH) 12.64 – 13.31pg and 10.30 – 13.08%. Conclusion: Mycofix® use and the inclusion levels had no negative effects on haematology and serum biochemistry, but haemoglobin and heterophils were significantly (P<0.05) increased.
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Zebua, Nistiarni, Ixchel F. Mandagi, K. W. A. Masengi, et al. "Study of e-DNA Quality at Fishing Ground of Manado Bay, North Sulawesi Province." Jurnal Ilmiah Platax 13, no. 1 (2025): 124–35. https://doi.org/10.35800/jip.v13i1.57404.
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We used the Nansen Bottle Sampler to collect water samples in the deepsea area, ranging from 150 meters to 175 meters in six water points around Manado Bay, to test the quality of e-DNA water samples to detect target species in the fishing area. Therefore, the basis of the case study method with a sampling technique was carried out on July 29 2023 using Power Water Sterivex Kits, water samples were then stored at -250C and were then taken to TBRC, University of the Ryukyus for further laboratory works, such as; eDNA extract, eDNA quality testing, 1st and 2nd PCR and Electrophoresis eDNA analysis processes using MiFish-U primers with a target of 163–185bp and 375 bp, following the MiFish protocol. Based on the results of the eDNA extract solution, it is known that the quality of eDNA from the 6 sampling sites locations ranged between 2.8 µg/mL – 4.4 µ g/mL, which means a good quality of eDNA. Moreover, it showed that the presence of DNA fragments at Kappa 60◦C Gelelectrophoresis 1st-PCR, 12S rRNA gene product (163–185bp), and Kappa 60◦C and 65◦C Geklelectrophoresis 2nd-PCR Products according to the target amplicon 375 bp. This means we can conduct the next step, the PCR sequence analysis. Then, eDNA quality testing, 1st and 2nd PCR, and Electrophoresis of e-DNA analysis process were using MiFish-U F/R primers with a target of 375 bp, it is known that the concentration of Nanodrop from the 6 sampling locations ranges between 2.8 µg/mL – 4.4 µg/mL while the core or quality eDNA ranged from 1.56 µg/mL – 2.50 µg/mL. Based on identification results, five types of species were detected; Myctophum lychnobium, Selar crumenophthalmus, Photonectes sp., Oreochromis sp. Thunnus obesus and Homo sapiens were generated using eDNA metabarcoding on the mitochondria genome database MitoFish. Keywords: e-DNA, eDNA quality, species target, fishing area, Manado Bay Abstrak Kami menggunakan Nansen Bottle Sampler untuk mengambil sampel air pada laut dalam berkisar 150meter sampai 175 meter di enam titik perairan Sekitar Teluk Manado, untuk menguji Kualitas e-DNA sample air yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi target spesies pada daerah penangkapan. Selanjutnya dasar metode studi kasus dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara sampling dilakukan pada tanggal 29 Juli 2023 menggunakan Power Water Sterivex Kits, sapel air disimpan pada -250C yang selanjutnya dibawa ke TBRC, University of the Ryukyus untuk pnelitian laboratorium lanjutan seperti ekstrak eDNA, Pengujian kualitas eDNA, 1st and 2nd PCR dan Elektrophoresis proses analisis eDNA menggunakan primer MiFish-U dengan target 375 bp, mengikuti MiFish protokol. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian larutan ekstrak eDNA diketahui bahwa kualitas eDNA dari 6 titik lokasi sampling berkisar antara 2.8 ng/mL – 4.4 ng/mL dan menunjukkan adanya fragment DNA pada Kappa 60◦C Geklelectrophoresis 1st-PCR Produk 12S rRNA gene (163–185bp, dan Kappa 60◦C dan 65◦C Geklelectrophoresis 2nd-PCR Produk sesuai amplikon target 375 bp. Hal ini berarti dapat dilanjutkan pada tahap analisis sekuens PCR. Pengujian kualitas eDNA, 1st and 2nd PCR dan Elektrophoresis proses analisis eDNA menggunakan primer MiFish-U F/R dengan target 375 bp, diketahui bahwa konsentrasi Nanodrop dari 6 titik lokasi sampling berkisar antara 2.8 µg/mL – 4.4 µg/mL sedangkan kemurnian atau kualitas eDNA berkisar antara 1.56 µg/mL – 2.50 µg/mL. Hasil identifikasi menyatakan lima jenis spesies terdeteksi; Myctophum lychnobium, Selar crumenophthalmus, Photonectes sp., Oreochromis sp. Thunnus obesus, Homo sapiens dihasilkan dengan menggunakan eDNA metabarcoding pada MitoFish database genom mitokondria. Kata kunci : e- DNA, kualitas eDNA, target spesies, daerah penangkapan, Teluk Manado.
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JIN, TONY, HOWARD ZHANG, and GLENN BOYD. "Incorporation of Preservatives in Polylactic Acid Films for Inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Extending Microbiological Shelf Life of Strawberry Puree†." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 5 (2010): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.5.812.
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Antimicrobial films of polylactic acid polymer incorporated with nisin, EDTA, sodium benzoate (SB), potassium sorbate (PS), and their combinations were developed, and their antimicrobial effects on the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and natural background microflora (total aerobic bacteria, molds, and yeasts) in strawberry puree at 10 and 22°C were determined. Direct addition of SB+PS to strawberry puree was also used as a comparison with SB+PS film treatment. The combination treatment reduced the cell populations of E. coli O157:H7 from 3.5 log CFU/ml to undetectable levels (&lt;1 CFU/ml) after 14 days and 1 day at 10 and 22°C, respectively, while the cells of E. coli O157:H7 in control samples survived up to 48 days at 10°C and more than 14 days at 22°C. The SB+PS film treatment produced a greater reduction of population of E. coli O157:H7 cells than did the SB+PS direct addition treatment. Similar results were observed for inactivation of natural microflora. In general, the antimicrobial effect was in the following order: film combination &gt; SB+PS film &gt; SB+PS direct addition &gt; EDTA film &gt; nisin film. The data obtained in this study suggest two approaches toward the development of control interventions against E. coli O157:H7 and extension of the microbiological shelf life of strawberry puree: (i) using antimicrobial packaging and (ii) using combinations of preservatives. The film formulas developed here can be used to make bottles or as coatings on the surface of bottles for use in liquid food packaging.
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Awobajo, FO, AE Okafor, and HO Adebayo. "The immune system cell populations were increased in salt-induced hypertensive rats without an increase in the serum testosterone level (Short communication)." Physiology International 105, no. 2 (2018): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2060.105.2018.2.16.
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The consumption of dietary salt has significantly increased globally, especially in the developed countries. High dietary salt intake has been linked to onset and complications in hypertension with a dimorphism tendency. There is scanty information about the influence of high salt diet on the immune cell population and androgen level in circulation. Male Sprague–Dawley rats of 8 weeks old were used for this study. They were divided into control (fed 0.1% salted feed) and salt-loaded groups (fed 8% salted feed) for 8 weeks. All experimental rats were allowed access to clean drinking water; daily feed consumption was measured in addition to weekly weight. On confirmation of hypertension using PowerLab® data acquisitions system, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected into EDTA and sterile sample bottles. EDTA-blood samples were used for white blood cell and CD4 counts while the serum was used for hormonal assays. All salt-loaded rats became hypertensive, with a significant increase in total white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, and CD4 cell counts. However, the eosinophil count was significantly decreased in salt-loaded rats. This study showed no change in the serum testosterone in salt-loaded male rats compared with control. In summary, dietary salt loading while precipitating hypertension also activated increased production of white blood cells and CD4 cells without any change in the serum testosterone level.
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Brosi, L., C. Reinhard, L. Anchling, et al. "P149 Novel capillary blood point-of-care test for adalimumab and infliximab trough levels: Effects of abnormal blood conditions on the test result." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 17, Supplement_1 (2023): i308—i309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac190.0279.
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Abstract Background Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease can be treated with the biologics adalimumab (ADL) or infliximab (IFX). Previous studies demonstrated the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to adjust the patient’s biologic concentration individually. Commercially available rapid assays support laboratories in the fast and easy detection of ADL and IFX concentrations but the assays’ dependency on serum as analyte matrix is a general hindrance for TDM, as serum preparation from whole blood is time-consuming and requires laboratory equipment. Patients and clinicians would thus benefit from rapid point-of-care (POC) and easy to use assays that are independent of laboratory equipment. The objective of this project was to expand existing serum lateral flow assays for the analysis of ADL or IFX in capillary blood and investigate potential interactions resulting from the blood matrix. Methods ADL and IFX lateral flow serum kits were optimized in such a way that both, capillary blood and EDTA whole blood can be used as analyte matrix by using disposable capillaries for blood collection and for its transfer into dropper bottles that are prefilled with chase buffer. To measure ADL or IFX levels with a POC lateral flow test cassette reader (BÜHLMANN Quantum Blue® Reader) the mixture is then applied on an ADL or IFX lateral flow test cassette. Matrix agreement studies were performed to compare spiked EDTA whole blood and capillary blood samples with serum as reference. Additionally, spiked EDTA whole blood samples were treated to obtain three abnormal blood conditions: Icteric, hemolytic and lipemic blood. Bias in results exceeding 30% relative difference to the untreated sample was considered as an interference. Results Spiked blood samples showed good agreement with reference serum samples. A bias of less than 15% at the clinical decision points for ADL (5 µg/mL and 12 µg/mL) and IFX (3 µg/mL and 7 µg/mL) was revealed. Observed relative differences between all tested abnormal blood conditions ranged between -20% and +26% for IFX and -16% and +5% for ADL. Conclusion Two POC assays for the determination of ADL or IFX in capillary blood or EDTA whole blood samples were successfully developed and can be used by healthcare professionals with time to results of only 15 minutes and without the need for additional laboratory equipment. No systematic interferences were detected with treated EDTA whole blood samples, which could appear when using blood as analyte matrix. The excellent agreement to serum trough levels shows that the POC adalimumab/infliximab capillary blood assays are ideal for therapeutic drug monitoring analysis at a clinician’s office or an infusion site.
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Eze, Prof Anthony N. "Physico-Chemical Analysis of Water Sources in Awka-urban, Anambra State." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (2020): 363–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun169.
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The focus of this study was analyse the physico-chemical properties of water sources in Awka Urban, Anambra state. The water sources include bore well/hole water. It was an experimental research carried out in Awka metropolis between July 1, 2018 and October 10, 2018. The experimental research design was adopted. Five different villages in Awka were selected as sample area for the study. A total of 5 water samples from the area were collected using bottles. The bottles were washed with tap water with the aid of detergent and ethanol. The chemical parameters of the samples determined using standard method as soon as the samples got into the laboratory. HANNA Phep (model H 19) was used to determine the water PH. In the same manner, TDS/TEM meter was used to determine the water samples temperature. The electrical conductivity of the water samples was also determined using precalibrated conductivity meter model 611 in measuring the electrical conductivity. The titration method by means of EDTA solution was used to determine the total hardness of the collected water samples. The dichrometre refluction method was used to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the collected water samples. The alkali azide method was employed in the determination of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the water samples. The chlorides content of the water samples were determined using silver nitrate solution.
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LeBari Barine Gboeloh and Akugbebebibo Dominic Araka. "Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic infections in Zebu cattle slaughtered in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 3, no. 1 (2022): 024–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2022.3.1.0023.
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The prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases in Zebu Cattle (Bos taurus indicus) ready for slaughter in Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa State were investigated. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 200 presumably healthy Zebu cattle using 10ml hypodermal syringe into well- labelled Ethylene Diamine Tetra acetic (EDTA) bottles. Thin and thick blood films were prepared for microscopy. Haematological parameters were determined using the micro haematocrit method. Out of the 200 Zebu cattle examined, 125 (62.5%) were infected. More female75 (75%) were infected than male 50 (50%). The parasites identified were Anaplasma marginale (57.5%), Bebasia bovis (35.8%) and Theileria parva (6.7%). There was a significant reduction (P > 0.05) in the level of PCV (20.53±0.70), Hb (8.60±0.30) and RBC (8.00±0.6) in infected cattle compared to the reference range. The high prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasites in zebu cattle in the study area could be reduced through proper animal management practice, health orientation of herders, good sanitary habit and proper treatment of infected cattle.
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Adediran, A., A. Gbadegesin, T. A. Adeyemo, et al. "Haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations of pregnant women at term." Obstetric Medicine 4, no. 4 (2011): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/om.2011.110033.
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Background Anaemia in pregnancy is defined as haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations of less than 11 g/dL while low ferritin is defined as serum ferritin (SR) levels of less than 10 µg/L. Hb and ferritin concentrations of pregnant women at term were determined to establish their mean values and to determine the prevalence of anaemia in our locality. Methods Haemoglobin and ferritin levels of 170 non-smoking and HIV-negative pregnant women were determined at term. The majority 143 of 170 (84.1%) of the pregnant women recruited for the study, booked at the beginning of the second trimester and received 200 mg elemental iron in three divided doses and 5 mg folic acid daily which were commenced at booking. Five millilitres of blood were collected from each patient at term into EDTA bottles for full blood count analysis and another 5 mL into plain bottles for SR assay. Results The mean Hb and ferritin values were 10.9 ± 1.9 and 47.84 ± 98.39 µg/L, respectively. The prevalence of anaemia at term was 46.4%. Only 11.2% (19 of 170) of pregnant women at term had low SR (iron stores). A statistically significant relationship was found between women's education and SR ( P = 0.032). Booking status also correlated directly with SR and haemoglobin concentrations, while increasing age and parity did not. Conclusion About half of the patients were anaemic. Iron deficiency is not the major cause of anaemia in pregnancy in this study because the majority of the pregnant women had normal iron stores. Education and booking status are possible factors that contribute to anaemia.
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Mazzetti, Marcelo Paulo Vaccari, Isis Sousa Oliveira, Regiane Miranda-Ferreira, et al. "Qualitative and quantitative analysis of rabbit's fat mesenchymal stem cells." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 25, no. 1 (2010): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502010000100007.
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PURPOSE: To present an experimental model of qualitative and quantitative analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from fat of rabbits obtained by lipectomy. The fat could be a great source for obtaining mesenchymal stem cells and to create conditions for repairing injured tissues by bioengineering. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits (n= 10) adipose panicle (2-3 cm) were removed by lipectomy, fragmented and washed with PBS and enzymatically dissociated with trypsin/EDTA. Lately, these cells were incubated in culture medium DMEM and after 20 days, was performed quantitative analysis of the accession of first and second mesenchymal cells in cell culture bottles. RESULTS: The fat total cells (CTF) were 1.62 x10(6) cells/mL and presented 98% of viability. These cells were taken for cultivation and after 20 days were counted 2.88 x10(6) cells/mL MSC. The same was done and after 20 days we quantified 4.28 x10(6) cells/mL MSC. CONCLUSION: The lipectomy of adipose panicule is a very satisfactory method to extract stem cells from fat, quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Erasmus, M. A., and G. N. Wokem. "Evaluation of Hepatitis-B and Its Markers Among Some Attendees of Two Health Facilities In Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 42, no. 2 (2021): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v42i2.27.
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A cross-sectional investigation of hepatitis-B status among attendees of Modern Primary Health Centre, Eneka and Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt was evaluated. Seven hundred (700) subjects of different ages of both sexes were included in the study after ethical approval was obtained from the Rivers State Ministry of Health, Port Harcourt. Consent forms were issued to get subjects’ consent before questionnaire administration to obtain their demographic data. The uninfected subjects were used as control. About 4mls of blood was taken from each subject by vein-puncture; 2mls each was dispensed into EDTA and plain bottles for analysis. The samples were used to assay for hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis–B virus (HBV) markers (HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb) using standard techniques. The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.1% in Port Harcourt. The males had higher prevalence of 7.9% HBV than the females 3.4% HBV, although there was no statistically significant difference (P ≥0.05). The HBV was highest among subjects of age group 24-29 years (8.29%) and 30-35 years (9.2%) accordingly. The HBV markers results show that while HBsAg occurred among all the subjects that were positive for HBV, HBeAb was completely absent.
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Idung, Victor Hogan, Grace Asukwo Okon, and Nicholas Asiwe. "Assessment of the Phytochemical Constituents of Methanol Extract of Ereromastax Polysperma Leaves and its Effect on the Hematological Indices in Albino Rats." Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 13, no. 1 (2024): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.91-98.
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The study investigated the effects of chronic administration of methanol extract of Eremomastax polysperma on the hematological parameters of albino rats. The rats were administered daily and orally for 14 days, with water as a control. On day 15, they were anesthetized using chloroform and blood was withdrawn from the heart through cardiac puncture into ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) specimen bottles. The phytochemical screening of crude methanolic extracts revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, and cardiac glycosides. The statistical test employed was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), with a predetermined significance level of p<0.05 and p<0.01. The ANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB) percentages among the control group and the treatment groups of 500mg/kg and 1500mg/kg. The hematological evaluation showed a significant difference in RBC, HGB, and HCT, and a significant decrease in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) with increasing doses of the extract. The results suggest that E. polysperma has anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, and pharmacological effects, potentially aiding in disease treatment.
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Innih, Silvanus Olu, Ebehiremen Bridget Iorliam, and Tracy Edoghogho Lawal. "Effects of Tetracarpidium Conophorum on Iron Overload-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Wistar Rats." International Journal of Pharmacology, Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine 16 (February 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.16.33.
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This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Tetracarpidium conophorum on iron overload-induced cardiac toxicity in wistar rats. A total of 30 rats weighing between 170-245g were divided into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F) of five per group. Group A (control) was administered 1ml of distilled water, group B, C, D, E, and F were induced with iron (II) chloride for thirty days and treated with different doses of the extract except group B for thirty days, group F was treated with standard drugs at the same time interval, using orogastric tube. After last day of administering drugs, the rats were left for an overnight fast and then sacrificed 24 hours later. Blood tissue samples were collected through cardiac puncture and immediately transferred to EDTA sample bottles for iron level and total iron concentration tests. 2ml was transferred into plain sample bottles for oxidative stress test analysis. Free radical scavenging activities, lipid peroxidation, haematological indices, body and heart weight and histological studies analysis were accessed. Results shows that there was significant increase (p<0.05) in body weight and no significant change in organ weight. These show that Tetracarpidium conophorum extract when mildly consumed has healing effect on damages heart induced by iron (II) chloride. It also proves anti-inflammatory activity of walnut. Histological slides showed vascular ulceration, erosion and stenosis of coronary artery in group B treated with only iron (II) chloride while other groups were normal. There was no significant change in anti-oxidant enzymes activities, except glutathione peroxidase that significantly increased in group F treated with high dose of the extract. However, graded doses of Tetracarpidium conophorum and standard drug reversed the lesions induced by iron (II) choride. Tetracarpidium conophorum extract has ameliorating effects on iron (II) chloride-induced heart damage.
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Desmet, Sam, Rein Brys, Sabrina Neyrinck, Kris Hostens, and Sofie Derycke. "Commercial fish abundance estimation in the Belgian part of the North Sea through eDNA ddPCR analyses." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 4 (March 4, 2021): e64860. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.4.e64860.
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Monitoring of fish assemblages in the Belgian part of the North Sea (BPNS) mainly happens through trawling. While effective, this method is invasive and destructive as it disturbs bottom communities, catches non-target species and removes organisms from the environment. A more sustainable alternative for monitoring marine diversity is the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) which comprises intra- and extracellular genetic material that comes from the shedding of organic material, like scales and mucus in the case of fish. When applying metabarcoding on eDNA, community composition can be inferred simply by analysing a small volume of water. Therefore the technique does not disturb the environment, and the high sensitivity of eDNA allows the detection of rare and transient species that are frequently missed by traditional sampling methods. Next to determining community composition, the amount of eDNA copies in the water could potentially be used to quantify target fish species in the marine environment. Here, we investigate whether eDNA concentrations from marine water samples correlate with local fish abundance estimates obtained via traditional beam trawling. Species specific Droplet Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR) assays were designed and tested for three economically important species: common sole (<i>Solea solea</i>), plaice (<i>Pleuronectes platessa</i>) and whiting (<i>Merlangius merlangus</i>). In march 2020, 12 sites in the BPNS were selected based on absence, low and high abundances of the three target species as observed in epibenthos monitoring data from previous years. In each site, 2L of seawater was collected with a niskin bottle from ca 1m above the sea floor. Subsequently, beam trawl transects of 1 km were conducted and all epibenthos species caught in the trawling net were morphologically identified, counted and weighted. Our results indicate promising correlations between eDNA concentrations obtained with the ddPCR assays and the number of specimens in the net for all three species. Some "false" positive results were obtained with the ddPCR, but these may actually be "true" positive detections because the fish might be present in the area but were not caught in the trawling transects. This warrants further investigation to see how far eDNA signals can be detected in the North Sea system. Next, 50 water samples were collected in Autumn 2020, involving more locations with or without the three fishes. This time samples were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the 1 km transects to investigate small scale horizontal variation in eDNA concentrations. The autumn samples are currently being processed. In March 2021, samples will be taken at different depths (surface, middle of the water column and ca 1m above the seafloor) to investigate whether there are any vertical patterns in eDNA distribution in a very well mixed system such as the BPNS. A DNA shedding experiment will be performed as well to estimate the rate at which the three fishes shed DNA. This will provide important information on how quickly fishes can be detected when they swim by. The information obtained with the field sampling and experimental setting will help to strengthen the correlation to a point that reliable abundance estimations of our target species become possible and will allow us to evaluate the potential of eDNA as a sustainable alternative/addition to traditional monitoring methods.
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Syaiputra Wahyuda Meisa Diningrat, Luluk Janah, and Sakinatul Mardiyah. "Modified Bottle Cap for Improving Children’s Arithmetic Ability." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 13, no. 2 (2019): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.132.04.
Full textAbstract:
The preliminary study showed that the main problem, however, faced by kindergarten students are lack of mathematics skill, such arithmetic ability in kindergarten Galis. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a modified bottle cap as an educational game tool towards enhancement of arithmetic ability. Samples were prepared for the quasi-experiment research design involving 60 children, aged 4-5 years. A detailed comparison is made between the experimental condition, consisted of 30 students, received the educational game tool activities and the control condition which consisted of 30 students, received the instructional activities as usual. Before and after two weeks of the intervention with the game tool of a modified bottle cap, measures of arithmetic ability were administered to either experiment or control class. The results of the study indicated that in the experiment class, children’s arithmetic ability increased significantly compared to children in the control class. The differences may have been due to the intervention. To conclude, the modified bottle cap as an educational game tool effective to improve children’s mathematics skill, especially for arithmetic ability. However, the findings required the extended study on other research methods and the bigger size of the samples.
 Keywords: Early Childhood, Modified bottle cap, Early Arithmetic Ability.
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Oguwike, FN, FI Ukekwe, DPM Onubeze, SO Ebede, and TK Chianumba. "Efficacious Effect of Cannabis Sativa (Indian Hemp) on Cutaneous Wound Healing and its Haemostatic and Chemical Profile in Adult Male Albino Wistar Rat." Greener Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 1 (2016): 10–17. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJMS.2016.1.012916026.
Full textAbstract:
Plants and plant extracts have been found very useful for purposes of treatment of disease among other benefits. Cannabis sativa is one of such plants whose effect on wound healing, haemostatic and biochemical profile was studied using albino wistar rats. Canabis sativa is an illicit drug with proven anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-diarrhea activities. This present study is aimed at ascertaining the impact of prolonged administration of cannabis sativa on haemostatic mechanism, cutaneous wound healing and biochemical profile of albino wistar rats. Forty (40) albino wistar rats weighing 180-200g were acclimatized in the animal house for 7 days. After this, they were divided into five groups respectively. Group A was the control male rats (6), Group B was the female control rats (6), Group C (10) was the male test rats and Group D (10) was the femaletest rats and Group E (8) for incision. Group C and D male rats were fed for 30 days with aqueous extract of Canabis sativa before 5.0ml of blood sample was collected from the animals for cardiac puncture and placed in haemogram bottles (EDTA and sodium citrate) for haemostatic analysis and in plain bottles for liver function tests while Group E rats were those with incision made in their skin that received topical treatment of aqueous extract of cannabis sativa and injection for 5days. Results from the study showed that the extract significantly increased the total and conjugated bilirubin, (P<0.05), liver enzymes; Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Haemoglobin concentrations, Packed cell volume, platelet count and white blood cell count. The bleeding and clotting times,ProthrombintimeandPartialthromboplastin times were shortened compared to their corresponding controls. The incised wounds haled within shorter days than those in control rats. The alterations in the results are manifestation of mild hepatorenal toxicity and anti-hypercholestrolemic effect. These liver enzymes are highly affected by cannabis sativa in females than in males.
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LeBari Barine Gboeloh, Edith Wordu, and Appollus Ebenezer Josiah. "Relationship between malaria parasitemia and haemoglobin variants in patients attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria." Open Access Research Journal of Life Sciences 4, no. 1 (2022): 016–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjls.2022.4.1.0057.
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Malaria parasitemia and haemoglobin variants in patients attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria was investigated. Blood samples from 385 patients attending the hospital were collected using sterile syringes into well labelled specimen bottles containing ethylene di-amine tetra acetate (EDTA). The genotype was determined using standard alkaline cellulose acetate electrophoretic technique while standard method was used to determine malaria parasitaemia. Out of the 385 patients examined for haemoglobin variants, the frequency of the genotype was 239(62.1%), 127(33%), 17(4.4%) and 1(0.3%) for HbAA, HbAS, HbSS and HbAC respectively. Malaria parasitemia in HbAA, HbAS, HbSS and HbAC was 170(64.2%), 82(30.9%), 13(4.9%) and 1(0%) respectively. HbAA was significantly (P<0.005) susceptible to malaria than other genotypes. The prevalence of malaria in HbAS 82(30.9%), HbSS 13(4.9%) and HbAC 1(0%) also show significance difference (P<0.05). Patience below the age of 6years with HbS gene had the highest malaria prevalence (21%). Malaria prevalence among males 7(53.8%) and females 6(46.2%) with sickle cell anaemia SCA had no significance difference (p>0.05). Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) gene protection against malaria found in heterozygous hemoglobin (HbAS) was also recorded in patients with homozygous (HbSS) gene. Prevalence of malaria is higher in patients with the normal haemoglobin (HbAA) than in patients with abnormal genes (HbAS and HbSS).
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Chinedu Nnawike Okeke, Ezra Danjuma Jatau, Timothy Olugbenga Ogundeko, Olusegun Godwin Adeniyi, and Amandy Odinakachi Okeke. "Comparative analysis of the hematological Profile and alloantibodies of pregnant women in a tertiary institution – North-Central Nigeria." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 3 (2024): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.19.3.0226.
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The third world countries have suffered challenges relating to public health, ranging from high cost of healthcare, poverty and lack of diagnostic equipment and accessories. One of the salient issues is universal antenatal antibody screening. This study aimed to appraise the alloantibodies in comparison with hematological profiles of pregnant women accessing ante-natal care at a tertiary Institution – in Jos, North-Central, Nigeria. A total of 200 consenting pregnant women receiving ante-natal care in the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria, were recruited into this study for a period of one month. Each participant was interviewed with a pretested, structured, interviewer‑administered questionnaire. Blood sample was collected from each participant with minimal stasis from the antecubital vein via sterile syringe and needle into (EDTA) bottles. Full blood count and antibody screening were done by standard methods. Results showed that there was a decrease in the RBC, PCV, Hb, MCH, MCHC, RDW, WBC, and LymP WBC and increase in MCV, NeuP, MonP, EosP, and BasP values of participants with alloantibodies compared to those without, also with no significant (p > 0.05) between the groups. There was no difference in the platelet counts of both groups. Alloantibodies have effect on the hematological profiles (RBC, PCV, Hb, MCH, MCHC, RDW, WBC, and LymP WBC, MCV, NeuP, MonP, EosP, and BasP) of pregnant women accessing ante-natal care at in JUTH, Nigeria.