Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éducation – Aspect économique – Gabon'
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Koumba-Mombo, Charles. "Le coût de la main-d'oeuvre étrangère et son incidence sur le développement économique et éducationnel du Gabon." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29074.
Full textEngandja-Ngoulou, Kanel. "Industries culturelles et developpement économique de l'Afrique francophone : le cas du Gabon." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_engandja_ngoulou_k.pdf.
Full textThe cultural industries are recognized today as being one of the most dynamic sectors of the world economy. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the business of the cultural products knows a rate of annual growth since about twenty years, going from 5 % to 20 %. Their contribution to the world Gross domestic product (GDP) is estimated at more than 7 % (World Bank, 2003). However, these performances are the result of the economic dynamism of the developed countries and certain countries of the South. In the cinematographic industry for example, India takes place at the top of the list of the biggest producers of movies (1091 movies in 2006), followed by Nigeria (872 movies in 2006) and the United States (485 movies in 2006). In French-speaking Black Africa, the music is the 3rd most important sector in the state economy of Côte-d’Ivoire, in Mali and in Senegal; while the Burkina Faso is leading within the UEMOA in the still embryonic sector of the production of television fictions. As the Gabon tries to reduce its dependence towards natural resources, the cultural industries could not establish one of the sectors on which this country can lean to diversify its economy?
Mazamba, Tédie. "Éducation, santé et croissance économique." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020039.
Full textOndo-Ella, Jean. "L'économie des transports et le développement du Gabon." Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN20007.
Full textGabon, a country with enormous mining, forester and agricultural potentialities, has endowed itself with an excessive transport system. Today, it is incoherent and irrelevant; it weakens the economy, prevents the state from financing the agricultural and manufacturing production and hinders consequently, the development of the country. This transport system needs consequently a new restructuration appropriate to the needs of the development of the country. This adaptation implies a coherence of aims between the transport system and the system of socioeconomical activities ; it advocates a minimalisation of the transport costs by planning the transport networks and by the combination between the economies of scope and scale ; it enables at last a better financing of the agricultural and manufacturing activities thanks to the organization of the transport system for the budgetary balance and thanks to the selective and progressive denationalization of the transport national companies
Ombigath, Pierre. "L' exploitation forestière au Gabon (1892-1973) : impact économique et social." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070009.
Full textIn the perspective to prepare the era of after petroleum, Gabon implemented since the 2001 a politics of diversification of its economy allowing to stimulate a durable growth. Among the main pillars of the economic reflation considered priority by the government is the forested sector. Taking advantage of good international capacities on this question since the Conference of United Nations on the Environment Development (CUNED) held in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in 1992, Gabon endowed of a new forested code in 2001. This new politics which insists on the durable management of forested ecosystems is sensible to increase the part of the forested incomes in the GDP of the country. However, interest aroused by the exploitation of the Gabonese forest does not date current. It goes bad: up to the period of the First World War during which were taken first measures recommending a rational exploitation of the forest. Well to accentuate the influence which can have this sector on the process of development of the Gabon in the years to come, we chose to interrogate past by insisting on the period 1892-1973 during which the forestry development occupied a dominating place in the economic and social life of this country
Ibouanga, Brice. "Les interfaces maritimes du Gabon : essai d'une géographie portuaire et commerciale." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30030.
Full textAs an exporting country of raw material among which petroleum wood manganese and uranium ), gabon has nothing but the sea way to sell outside its outputs having efficient port facilities at one's disposal is there fore something essential. That is why the gabonese state has undertacken a number of projects in order to make the equipements of its major maritime outlets - which are libreville and port-gentil - meet its commercial needs. Throughout those port equipements, the state has intended to carry out a real economic development policy in the country following this triple objective: opening the country to the outside word, promoting its industrial progress, and contributing to town and country planning. After a working which has been lasting for more than twenty years one can wonder whether the different facilities in the harbours of libreville and port-gentil are sufficient to endow the country with an excellent maritime service or other plannings should be conceived for a balanced development. Do the existing infrastructures meet the maritime wants of the country? as owing to data concerning the gabones coast as well as those related to nature, people and all endeavours in favour of a national intergration, what could be the future of gabonese ports? those are some of the questions to which our survey tries to give answers
Caner, Karine. "La dynamique qualitative du produit de l'éducation." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10057.
Full textDamoiselet, Nathalie. "Effets des structures éducatives sur la formation et la sélection du capital." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010062.
Full textBoumahdi, Rachid. "Les rendements de l'éducation : analyse et problèmes économétriques." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU10024.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze some econometrics problems and pit falls dised by the measurement of return of education. The endogenous character of education is assessed using the Hansman's test of exogeneity. The estimation of a two regime model and a selection equation allows us to take into account the selection bias in the assessment of return of education. The social status measured by the diploma of the parents, ability measured by the duration of elementary school education turned out to be critical in the career of the children. In order to evaluate the return of education using panel data, we have proposed an estimation method of a two regime model with endogenous regression
Le, Chapelain Charlotte. "Allocation des talents : essai sur la contribution de l'éducation à la croissance." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA0003.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the understanding of the contribution of education to growth through an improved definition of the process of human capital production by education. Our analysis brings out the influence of talents allocation on human capital creation and hence on technological progress and economic growth. Our study is divided in two parts. Following our reading of the public instruction project by Condorcet, we first depict the concept of talents allocation, and define an indicator so as to formally reveal it. In the second part, our reflection is applied to the dual evolution of post elementary education in France and Prussia at the end of the XIXth century. The cliometric analysis aims at evaluating the influence of talents allocation efficiency, as defined in the first part, on technological and economical progress. A significant influence of talents allocation efficiency on the technological level of both economies is underlined, which supports how considering this indicator, in contemporary theoretical reflections dealing with the link between education and economic growth, is relevant
Boutrolle, d'Estaimbuc Clotilde. "Éducation, croissance et développement : une approche comparative du bassin méditerranéen et du sud-est asiatique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX24010.
Full textOgoula, Jean. "Les instruments juridiques de la politique gabonaise des investissements étrangers." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN20007.
Full textThe economic development of third-world countries require a difficult balance between the necessary use of private foreign funds and the demands of economic independance. Only this balance can reconcile the interests of foreign funds providers and the country in which they are needed. In order to achieve this aim, the gabonese authorities have worked out an important juridical apparatus which has no likely given any result. This failure stems from the discrepancy in the measures taken : they are more profitable to foreigners because they are not efficiently applied. In addition, the economic projects lauched are not rational at all. In this respect, reforms are necessary. They must concern juridical instruments and the human behaviour within the country. It is obvious that only these reforms can help to the best orientation and administration of foreigh funds
Mendoume, Charles. "Contribution à l'analyse des modes de financement des organismes de sécurité sociale des pays francophones membres de la zone CIPRES : le cas du Gabon." Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT4014.
Full textElla, Ondo Thierry. "Les estuaires du Cameroun et du Gabon : étude de géographie portuaire dans la logique du développement durable." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3008.
Full textThe estuaries of Komo and Wouri provide nautical conditions which are favorable for port and sea activities. Those estuaries are areas which are environmentally sensive because of the wealth of their fauna and flora, their human activities and the occupation of their shores. The conception of port structures and their positioning on shore offshore are guided by physical and socio-economic studies. At Owendo, open structures are built or piles to avert silting up and to take advantage of depths near the shores. At Douala, structures are fixed toward the bottom of the open sea of Wouri. Their specialized structures overcome the constraints related to raw materials processing. These ports are routing national goods and those of landlocked countries and are organizing port procedures. But the problems of international sea transport network restrict goods dispatching. Authorities begin to globally define them. They are mobilising all the actors for the purpose of port promotion and are adopting global plans reforming the sector and reinforcing road transports and port structures. Those planned project will guarantee port activities and meet the needs of national and regional economies. They have several positive impacts on port activities and these of hinterlands, but few negative impacts on the environment. Sector-based management of environment problems is inefficient, only integrated coastal zone management can resolve them on a long-term basis and permit a sustainable port development
Charlot, Olivier. "Éducation et chômage dans les modèles d'appariement." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX24014.
Full textMboni, Joseph. "Les transformations familiales : étude de l'évolution des structures, relations familiales et de l'éducation de l'enfant au Gabon." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20075.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to enlighten the fonctioning of actual gabonise family and to retrace if possible her evolution as a result of the perception of europeans and industrial arrival using two speeches delivered by adults and youths. Surely, like all developing countries societies, gabonise society develops and consecutive evolutions are noticed with arrival of modernisations that affect on the familiar way of life, organisation and children education. These modifications are received and analysed differently by adults and youths, the referency system not being the same to each. Gabonise family has two different ways of life; firsty, the father traditional chief of the family, secondly the most educated member of the family who enjoy high social level subsidize the unfavourable rest of the the family. Two considerations can be drawn; we observe a tendency named traditionalist that favour the familiar custom, the other called modernist that introduce new ways of life which reflected on children education. Finaly certain relase to keep practical foodstuffes and initiatves are seen. We can say that certain practice changes, there are two approaches of the family way of life; children are confused perplexly because they don't know which model is applicable. The child is therfore confronted with two ways; the traditionalists who requiere the tradition and on the other hand the modernists that struggle to be more and more present in the new society
Mvone, Mbie Paul. "Croissance urbaine et développement dans une capitale africaine en pleine mutation : Libreville." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20030.
Full textThe advent of specialization in Gabon due to the internationalization of the capital remains - far beyond the vicissitudes of history - the foundation of the sociological upheavals registered in this field. Nevertheless, the effects are so far slow to arouse the national integration, key-factor for the social progress for the emancipation of the national population. In fact, as a positively demographical phenomena, but a fundamentally sociological nature, the urban growth of Libreville remains at the same time the condensed and localized expression of the national development. Compendium of the fringes of society, the crises of decentralization and town and country planning that the urban growth socially but indirectly displays - considered from the point of view of the dynamic of specialization by the international division of work - are so many patents traces of these fringes. The only suitable therapy consists in the institution of a rational planification. However, the preliminary and compulsory condition is the advent of a really independent state, which is the judicial and thus legitimate emanation of the civil society
Sossou, Benoît. "Analyse coût-efficacité de la production scolaire : cas du Bénin." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOE003.
Full textThe objective of the study is to analyse the relevance of educational policies which combine productive work with educational programmes both from a general third world point of view and in the particular case of Benin. The work is based on the cost-efficiency analysis which tries to estimate the costs and the outcomes generated by this type of school innovation in developing countries, and to assess the potential of this approch as a solution to the educational crisis
Hachem, Thérèse el. "Economie de l'éducationLes erreurs de planification de l'éducation en France : essai d'évaluation." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010001.
Full textMagnagna, Nguema Viviane. "Croissance de l'agriculture paysanne et équilibre général de l'économie gabonaise : évaluation des politiques à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général calculable." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010028.
Full textBasdevant, Olivier. "Des inégalités et de l'éducation dans la croissance." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010036.
Full textThis thesis studies the relation between inequalities education, and growth, at individual level and country level. A first part analyses the interaction between R&D and education, and then the problem of under-development trap. A second part analyses educative policy
Medzegue, M'akuè Joël-Jadot. "Développement durable et marché de l’Information scientifique et technique au Gabon." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA083645.
Full textAt the beginning of this century, sustainable development became one of the collective concerns. This is why the study of the couple STI/NICT from the point of view of this development proves to be from now on one of the priority challenges for developing countries. This is because, whereas economic, social and cultural development in the North was mainly carried out while taking into account STI in most of the situations, it is recognized that poverty in the South is mainly a result of lack of decision and action information which accentuates under-development. However, so that decisions can be taken on the basis of reliable information, it is necessary to not only be concerned by its quality, quantity, availability, but by adequacy to problems encountered as well while bearing in mind that need for information is real on all levels of decision or action and for all the individuals. Thus, what is the place of STI/NICT in the service of sustainable development in Gabon ? What about STI local market? These questions, which calls on others, are studied in this work, especially the relationship between STI and sustainable development, STI and sustainable education, STI and sustainable health, NICT contribution. Lastly, proposals for a dynamic local market are outlined
Fabre, Alice. "L'accumulation du capital humain sur le cycle de vie : éducation, formation et inégalités : Une étude dans le cadre du modèle à générations imbriquées." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24011.
Full textArestoff, Florence. "Effets comparés de l'éducation publique et privée : une application micro-économétrique au cas de Madagascar." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100077.
Full textAndré, Mathias. "Choix scolaires et trajectoires professionnelles : essais sur le risque, la personnalité et les diplômes." École polytechnique, 2015. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02080116.
Full textThis thesis is composed of three essays on the microeconometrics of education and labor market. Last decades faced the massification of higher education and higher unemployment rate. In this context, individual determinants of education choices and their links with career paths need to be seriously studied. The litterature underlines the key role of individual heterogeneity, especially socio-economic characteristics and family background. This research focuses on additional individual determinants of educational achievement and professional trajectory. The firstchapter adds a new dimension to educational human capital. By constructing a precise model of specialisation choices at each step of the educational path, it shows that the degree ofspecialisation can be as important as the total number of years of study in determining future earnings. The second part of this dissertation deals with the link between personality andeducational choices. Results show that achievements at age 17, whether academic or professional, are partly explained by differences in latent factors such as intelligence and motivation. However, risk aversion is poorly correlated with this result. The third contribution of this thesis studies the influence of risk aversion on wage trajectories. Results highlight its role in revenue growth: the more likely people are to take risks, the faster their wages grow, especially early in their careers
Bernard, Jean-Marc. "La fonction de production éducative revisitée dans le cadre de l’Education pour tous en Afrique subsaharienne : des limites théoriques et méthodologiques aux apports à la politique éducative." Dijon, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00223023.
Full textWith the Education Production Function, economists have greatly contributed to the extension of this research field. Methodological issues have particularly rallied researchers' interests on empirical estimations, while academic researches on the renewal of the theoretical framework have remained scarce despite obvious bounds. The challenges of Education For All in Africa stress out the need of a massive recruitment of teachers till 2015 which raises tricky issues as financial sustainability and the profile of these new teachers. According to the analyses, status and other teachers' characteristics have limited effect on pupils' learning achievement. At the opposite, disparities between classes and schools explain a large part of the differences noted in learning achievements between pupils. The literature supposes that it is due to the teacher effect which raises certain reserves. However, they show that disparities between classes and schools are at the heart of the issue related to the quality of learning in numerous African countries. It underlines the crucial importance to paid to the disparities between schools in current management
Leighton, Margaret. "Essays on the Economics of Education." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10053/document.
Full textThis thesis is composed of three chapters. The first two chapters consider specific aspects of the educational path and how these relate to, in the first case, earnings and occupation choice and, in the second, progress through school. The third chapter studies how variations in municipal finance affect investments in education. The first chapter of this thesis estimates the importance of two aspects of human capital accumulation: the acquisition of job-related skills, and the student's discovery of his relative abilities across disciplines. Specifically, we measure whether additional years of multi-disciplinary education help students make a better choice of specialization, and at what cost in foregone specialized human capital. We document that, in the cross section, students who choose their major later are more likely to change fields on the labor market. We then build and estimate a dynamic model of college education which captures the tradeoff between discovering comparative advantage and acquiring occupation-specific skills. Estimates suggest that delaying specialization is informative, although noisy. Working in the field of comparative advantage accounts for up to 20% of a well-matched worker's earnings. While education is transferable across fields with only a 10% penalty, workers who wish to change fields incur a large, one-time cost. The second chapter considers the impact of automatically promoting young children from one grade level to the next on retention and grade progression in primary school. Exploiting variation in grade repetition practices in Brazil, we study the effect of automatic promotion cycles on grade attainment and academic persistence of primary school children. The dynamic policy environment allows us to estimate the impact of the policy when applied at different times during schooling, both in the short term and as children exposed to the policy progress through primary school. We find that automatic promotion increases grade attainment: one year of exposure to the policy is associated with 3 students out of 100 studying one grade level above where they would be absent the policy. This effect persists over time, and cumulates with further exposure to the policy. The third chapter moves away from students to focus on education infrastructure. In the paper we seek to answer the question of how transfers from the federal government in Brazil affect both education spending and the resources available for education at the municipal level. We find that increased transfers lead to an immediate rise in current and capital spending. These increases are focused on education and welfare expenditure in poorer municipalities, while richer municipalities expand capital spending in the transport and housing sectors. Furthermore, particularly in wealthier municipalities, increases in transfers cause a short-term increase in local tax revenues. Positive transfer shocks are associated with increases in the number of teachers and, to a lesser extent, the number of classrooms. Transfers are also associated with substantial re-allocation of resources across schools offering classes at different levels, with secondary schools and schools teaching senior primary grades expanding at the expense of junior primary schools
Bennaghmouch, Saloua. "Éducation, capital humain et croissance économique : le cas du Maroc." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10074.
Full textIn the context of this thesis, we have tried to determine which education type can be used for the better morocco's economic growth. Our first step was to define the relationships education-growth from the point of view of some main theoretical analyses, and to confront it with empirical result obtained in the field. The certain gap appears when the econometric tests and theoretical works are compared, which impose a great prudence analysis. The whole of theoretical works agrees in spite of their diversity about the idea of a positive impact of education (and human capital) on the rate of growth. Nevertheless, this impact does not appear always clearly at empirical level. After have described the macroeconomic context and carried out an accuracy analyse of the educational policy, we examined the Moroccan growth model. Two methodologies have been used. The first approach has prolonged directly the econometric work operated in the work line of endogenous growth. The second approach enables us to treat the same problems from a different point of view, taking into account the structure of the qualification of labour. The global and sectional econometric tests have allowed us to take account as propulsion the education role in the Moroccan growth (in particular primary and professional teaching). These results are in agreed with the analyses of the World Bank
Naimeh, Rita Jamil. "Modélisation économique du système éducatif au Liban." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32047.
Full textThis thesis examines the role of the education system in Lebanon in the creation of economic wealth. The principal focus point is the efficient human capital, the process of its “formation” and their correlation with the economic growth. Synergy between the agents themselves would represent another growth promoter. So, we descript the spontaneous eco-education concept and its structural evolution. Although this synergy exists in the Lebanese context, we noticed a relational weakness. This fact thus requires changes in the redefinition of the general framework of the eco-educational system, but also in its modes of management like in its methods of audit. We will thus try, initially, to describe the components of this system. Thereafter we will propose an “educational model of economic contribution” to Lebanon. This model will enable us to specify the place of education in public good management. From there, we will offer a total sight of economic homeostasis which emerges from Lebanese educational reality
Mahamoud, Houssein Mohamed. "Essai de l'investissement en éducation : le cas de Djibouti." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP1079.
Full textIn late December 1999, the Republic of Djibouti undertook a reform of its education system to meet the challenges of the millennium development goals. After presenting the status of the Djiboutian society and its development project, our phd focuses on Djibouti’s educational situation and the assessment of the reform with regards to the Dakar commitments. The study of the educational system shows us the low level of efficiency and especially the difficulties of achieving EFA by 2015. These persistent shortcomings of the Djiboutian education system lead us to assess the economic effects of education, through macroeconomic and microeconomic approaches. The followed approach apprehends the accumulation of stock of human capital as a source of economic growth. In our empirical work, we refer to the human capital theory. First, our analysis focuses on theoretical debates and empirical relationship between education and growth. We have found that the fact that we did not take into account the quality of education is the main explanation for the difficulty to validate empirically this relationship. Assuming the hypothesis the quality of education and growth is a constant, we deduce the need to improve school resources to influence the qualitative dimension of education for a country like Djibouti which is committed to the 2015 target. Finally, we can see a possibility that an individual can continue schooling. Based on EDAM2 survey, our estimate for both the cost-benefit approach and Mincer approach show that it is necessary to invest in education on an individual basis as well as at national level
Rapoport, Benoît. "Altruisme et pression sociale dans la famille gabonaise." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010026.
Full textFrini, Olfa. "Éducation, fécondité et croissance économique en Tunisie." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0472.
Full textHuman is the final benefit and the essential input of economic growth and development. Human capital as an economic growth driving force is strongly influenced by demographic variables. Family institution is a preliminary for human capital accumulation considering its fertility and education investment in its member's decision. Hence, human capital analysis leads necessary to endogenous population growth. Then, our interest is focused to human quantity and quality interaction. Our economic growth investigation is so conducted by analysing fertility as economic growth variable. Our essay is to put out fertility influences notably by its interaction with education in explaining economic performances. Referring to macro and micro economic family analysis, we verify education/fertility relationship and its contribution in the growth process in Tunisian case. A long and short dynamic quantitative analysis of fertility, education and growth equilibrium relationship over the period 1963-2007 is undertaken using times series technique. Although a quantitative analysis of actual, desired, their gap, natural and regulation fertility is applied using micro econometric models such as dichotomous model, count data model and duration model. It attests that Tunisian household behaviour is shaped by quantity-quality children trade-off and also highlights economic and sociocultural fertility determinants. These analyses give out policies matching family fertility behaviour in the development process
Mabika, Jérôme. "Exploitation et gestion durable de la forêt gabonaise : analyse géographique et problèmes de gestion et d'aménagement forestier." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30037.
Full textCaroli, Eve. "Formation, institutions et croissance économique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0013.
Full textThe thesis proposes an institutional analysis of the influence of education and training (E&T) on economic growth in a cross-section of countries. We first modelize the E&T - growth relationship in several countries which differ widely as far as their level of development is concerned. In order to do so, we use an endogenous growth framework and we propose a very simplified modelization of the institutions governing E&T at the national level. We then turn to the study of five oecd countries. In this case, a quite detailed analysis of E&T institutions appears to be necessary. This analysis allows us to define precisely the content of the e&t-growth relationship before modelizing it in a kaldori an framework. Eventually, we propose a dynamical model of on going collective action in order to study the conditions for a wide in-firm training system to emerge in the United-States
Messi, Me Nang Clotaire. "Les travailleurs des chantiers forestiers du Gabon : hybridité et invisibilité d'un culture ouvrière 1892-1962." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010508.
Full textQuenum, Célestin Venant Cossi. "Financement public des systèmes éducatifs et croissance économique dans les Pays en voie de développement : cas des pays de l’Union économique et monétaire ouest africaine (UEMOA)." Dijon, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294653.
Full textAt the World Education Forum of Dakar in 2000, international aid institutions committed to massive financial aid to the educational systems in developing countries because these sectors’ performed poorly during the 1990s. These international aid institutions promised that no country that demonstrated a serious commitment for education, especially primary education, would lack financial resources. Participants in the forum stressed the necessity for governments to work toward the goal of primary education for all. Implementing the funding strategies that the Dakar commitment called for may have a negative impact on those developing countries. Using West African Monetary and Economic Union (WAMEU) data and international comparisons, we show the limits of these funding strategies. Contrary to our hypothesis, the analysis suggests that human capital of university level negatively affects economic growth of these countries. The types of higher education trainings available in those countries as well as issues of quantity and quality may explain those results. The evaluation of the role of human capital of university level through its effects on technological progress suggests condition for its positive effect on economic growth. This analysis stressed the idea that public funds should promote a proportional expansion of each educational level at every stage of development in those countries. This seems to be the condition to reap the fruits of educational system
Ndzedi, Francis. "De la liberté de l'enseignant gabonais au secondaire : pour une éthique de la responsabilité en milieu scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31525.
Full textGabon, Gabonese Republic in long form, is a country in Central Africa bathed by the Atlantic Ocean, whose population is estimated at 1.98 million inhabitants for an area of 267 667 Km2. Former colony of the France, he inherits an education system any, or even imposed. The crisis of the Gabonese school cannot be pointed the finger without mentioning this controversial legacy. It is undoubtedly rooted in a meeting of the rationalities (Biveghe Taylor, 2007). It is the result of a conflict in the traditionalism (Towa, 1982). It is a rivalry between a school without walls (Ki-Zerbo, 1990) and a Christian and Republican. Also, without denying the relevance of an opening to the world, the Gabonese school would perform a relevant sort: tap its resources in the French school in pre-colonial education. The crisis of the Gabonese education system command rather axiological some refocusing. Beyond the instrumental responses, a genealogy of evil itself. We'll not pretend to prescribe a panacea to ill-being of the Gabonese school. We want only to direct reflection to concerns that absolutely take into account ethical vision of the school. The general orientation of education should obey a priority requirement to take account of human relations of justice and equality, beyond a purely economic aspect of development. This is our doctoral research invited to ask the debate about the crisis of the Gabonese educational system from the ethical dimension of the teaching profession. A quality educational system necessarily involves men and women of quality. We leave a review of the freedom of the Gabonese teacher in high school in a perspective of guest to an ethic of responsibility in school. Compliance with regulations is not everything. Professionalism in teaching more involved the need to take into account the unexpected as one of the essential characteristics of the educational Act. A teacher should always be able to engage in the action as a responsible being in a situation, in the sense of Jean-Paul Sartre that we convene in this thesis. However, such responsibility should especially be supported by relationship to others, such as Emmanuel Levinas, what we also call here. The professional relationship of the teacher with students becomes secondary to their responsibility towards them. The ethics of responsibility in schools we recommend should support, or even to frame this responsibility for the student. She is a professional commitment that we will discuss. In fact, she has a logic of justification for his actions in the light of certain values and duties related to professional practice. Also, the ethical framework of the teacher Gabonese that we propose should accompany such a risk of freedom. It is a framework that should ultimately help teachers to pay more attention...
Biloghe-Ekouaghe, Céline. "Les rapports des parents d'élèves à l'école : le cas de l'école primaire gabonaise." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083544.
Full textThis work deals with the relationship to school Parents of primary school in Gabon. On the psycho orientation, the study is done through the representations that parents of school. It shows firstly that the representations and the resulting relationships have changed over time, from the colonial era to today, with the image that parents have the role of schools in Gabonese society. Second, it indicates that, far from always conflicting, these reports depend on the experiences of parents of the importance they attach to the School and what it means to them. We distinguish three groups of behavior that reveal practices and parent-teacher communication in connection with their representations of the school. The first group is parents who are building their relationship to school from their personal history with the school. The second group refers to parents for whom school is an autonomous institution and sufficient. The third group consists of parents for whom school is an autonomous institution but insufficient. However, for reasons related to living conditions and availability, few parents are fully involved in the academic success of children. In educational terms, this involvement is manifested by the means of families. This study also relies on a literature review of Gabon's School, on a field survey by interviews with parents and teachers, supported by references in social psychology and interpreted using the recent work on relationships of parents to school in sociology and educational sciences
Maldonado, Darío. "Three essays on the public economics of education." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10049.
Full textIn this dissertation I analyse the need and design of education policy in human capital models of education. In the first chapter I study education policies in an optimal taxation model. I show that the crucial parameter that determines education policy is how the education elasticity of wage changes with ability. In the second chapter I study the redistributive effects of government intervention in school class-composition in an optimal taxation framework. I show that depending on the complementarity in production between individuals with different skills it maybe optimal to distort class-composition for redistributive reasons. In the third chapter I study the relation between grading standards and tuitions in a model in which firms do not observe individual productivities but observes if he achieved a degree. I show that a school, concerned with increasing tuitions, will always set an inefficiently low grading standard
Nouansavanh, Khamlusa. "La rationalité du financement de l’enseignement supérieur laotien." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOE007.
Full textMelonio, Thomas. "Financement et valorisation de l'éducation : une exploration aux marges de la théorie du capital humain." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0031.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to extend the human capital theory to new areas. We evaluate national human capital stocks, to be included in both national accounts and external accounts of States. In France, the accumulation of educational capital between 1970 and early 2000 is equal to 60 percentage points of GDP, which largely explains the sharp increase in the explicit debt of the State over the period. We also measure the exchange of educational capital between countries, which we call migration balances, and offer an estimate in OECD countries between 1990 and 2000. The sharing of the value added created by migration between countries is than discussed. We question the financing methods of educational capital and introduce a methodology for identifying credit constraints that potential students face. Theoretically, credit constraints may justify the public funding of education. We apply this methodology in the case of South Africa. We also study the redistributive impact of a public funding of education at the intra-generational level, to test the existence of potential regressive transfers through the socially biased selection of students. Eventually, we question the intra-family transmission of capital (mostly human capital, but not only), which leads to lasting inequalities among individuals
Lafaye, de Micheaux Elsa. "Education et croissance en Malaisie : étude d'un lien fragile." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOE017.
Full textOkalas-Okonigui, Eudoxie. "Les fondements sociologiques du blocage démocratique au Gabon." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-1.pdf.
Full textGrenet, Julien. "Démocratisation scolaire, politiques éducatives et inégalités : une évaluation économique." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0029.
Full textThis thesis evaluates the economic impact of three of the most important educational policies that fostered the democratization of education in France: the lengthening of compulsory education, the definition of school catchment areas and the practice of secondary school tracking. This work's main objective is to measure the consequences of these policies on various forms of educational inequalities using French data: these include economic inequalities, socio-spatial inequalities and inequalities induced by the date of birth. We start by assessing the impact of the Berthoin reform, which raised in 1967 the minimum school leaving age from 14 to 16, on educational and labor market outcomes and compare its effects to those of the 1973 British Education Act, which raised the minimum school leaving age from 15 to 16 in the United Kingdom. We then perform a theoretical and empirical analysis of the interaction between school admission ruIes, residential stratification and educational inequalities. We develop a theoretical model to evaluate the properties of alternative school enrollment schemes (strict school zoning, redrawing of school attendance boundaries, school choice) and then quantify the impact of middle school performance on housing prices in the city of Paris. Finally, we carry out a systematic evaluation of the effects of the month of birth on educational attainment and labor market outcomes
Moughola, Leyoubou Lydie, and Leyoubou Lydie Moughola. "L'étalement urbain de la ville de Libreville, enjeux socio-économiques entre 1993 et 2013 : l'exemple de la périphérie Est." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38221.
Full textL’étalement urbain se traduit par une urbanisation accélérée, massive et non contrôlée apportant les bouleversements socio-économiques de la ville. Ces bouleversements sont visibles presque sans exception dans toutes les villes de l’Afrique subsaharienne notamment dans la ville de Libreville au Gabon. Après son indépendance en 1960, cette ville a connu une dynamique démographique exponentielle de sa population dès 1970. Celle-ci s’est accompagnée inévitablement d’un étalement urbain vers sa périphérie Est. Ce mémoire consiste donc à analyser le processus de cet étalement et ses enjeux socio-économiques à travers les données du Recensement général de la population et de l’habitat (RGPH) de 1993 et du Recensement général de la population et des logements (RGPL) de 2013, des orthophotographies de 2001, 2008, 2013, et d’une enquête complémentaire du secteur informel ainsi que d’une enquête de terrain. Les résultats décrivent la dynamique démographique de la ville de Libreville, l’état de l’espace urbain de sa périphérie Est, ainsi que la dynamique des activités économiques pratiquées dans cette périphérie. De l’analyse du recensement général de la population et de l’habitat de 1993 et de celui de la population et des logements de 2013, il en ressort que l’effectif de la population s’est accru au cours de cette période intercensitaire. La croissance de la population accroit la productivité économique, mais reste cependant un facteur de l’anarchie observée dans l’organisation de l’espace urbain de la ville de Libreville d’une part et, favorise son prolongement vers sa périphérie Est avec la prolifération des activités économiques dans le secteur informel d’autre part.
Ambert, Michel. "Essai sur l'investissement en éducation : le cas de l'Inde." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020043.
Full textMoullet, Stéphanie. "Contributions à l'analyse des rendements éducatifs : enjeux théoriques et problèmes empiriques d'identification." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24009.
Full textMichel, Sandrine. "Transformation de la relation de la formation à l'économie : un processus d'autonomisation : une approche en termes de régulation." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10039.
Full textThe development of expenditure on education during the long phases of economic depression continued from the nineteenth century until the inter-war period. Subsequently, the educational situation ceased to be countercyclical and a direct relation took the place of the inverse relation. Works in quantitative history provide information on the process of correction of economic blockages by the development of education, but do not a priori provide information about the contradictory process that grew within the general situation and led to the reversal of the inter-war period. The hypothesis is put forward that the reversal was the result of a progressive autonomist process resulting from the exhaustion and overtaking of the relation between education and economics established during the industrial revolution
Ciriani, Stéphane. "Accumulation de capital humain, dynamique des inégalités et mobilité intergénérationnelle." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020062.
Full textL'objet de cette thèse est d'analyser l'impact du mode de financement du capital humain sur la croissance économique, les inégalités et l'efficience. Nous considérons à cet effet une économie à générations d'agents altruistes et hétérogènes, dans un cadre d'équilibre partiel. Les agents sont hétérogènes en termes de capital humain et d'aptitudes à l'apprentissage et la transmission intergénérationnelle du capital humain génère des effets externes qui influencent l'accumulation individuelle. Lorsque la qualité du capital humain est uniforme, le financement de l'éducation peut être stratifié ou intégré. Il existe un troisième régime de financement, intégré et différencié, pour lequel la qualité du capital humain dépend du niveau d'aptitude. L'étude des propriétés de long terme de la distribution du capital humain montre que la transition entre deux régimes de financement distincts peut être complètement déterminée par la dynamique des inégalités et de la mobilité intergénérationnelle. Le rendement espéré de l'investissement en capital humain et la stratification ont plusieurs effets sur l'évolution dynamique de l'économie. L'allocation optimale des ressources est ensuite obtenue dans chaque régime de financement. Dans une économie différenciée, le taux de financement est déterminé par l'électeur médian ou l'électeur pivot. L'étude de la convergence du capital humain agrégé permet de montrer qu'une économie intégrée et différenciée est préférable à une économie intégrée et uniforme et à une économie stratifiée et uniforme en terme de croissance, mais qu'à l'horizon temporel infini, une économie stratifiée et uniforme peut dominer une économie intégrée et différenciée en termes d'accumulation de capital humain agrégé et d'efficience
Bourdon, Jean. "L'efficacité externe de l'éducation : l'approche de la macro-économie-appliquée." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOE001.
Full textThe main aim is based in the introduction of human capital in the new approaches in economic growth theories. This thesis shows that education factor could now be easily introduced in macroeconomic side approaches, but the hardest problem is in relation with statistical definitions. Four different levels in application are undergone : - an historical analysis on the French case (1850-1990) ; - a comparison on 20 countries distributed on the scale of economic development ; - an applied macro econometric modelling for the republic of Ecuador ; - an approach of jobs entries in the case of building and public works sector in the French case