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1
Hill, Christopher. "Education in Canon Law." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 5, no. 22 (January 1998): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x00003240.
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For a number of years the Society has been troubled at the absence of, or at least the spasmodic nature of, any systematic teaching about Canon or Ecclesiastical law among ordinands and clergy of the Church of England. The first that an ordinand knows of law is often his or her Declaration of Assent and licensing as an Assistant Curate. Provided there are no great crises or scandals, or problems over marriages when the training Incumbent goes on holiday leaving the new Deacon to his or her own devices, the next occasion of ecclesiastical law will be at first incumbency, or possibly as a Team Vicar. After that Faculties, secular employment law, the Children Act, the Charities Act, the Ecumenical Canons become increasingly important; not to speak of the Pastoral Measure in Teams and Groups. No other profession would allow its officers such systematic ignorance of the rules of the game, or be so tardy in providing them with a summary of their rights and responsibilities. Sadly the image of law—and lawyers—has obscured the need for knowledge of professional rules and good practice. A misunderstanding of St Paul on Law and Gospel has permeated much evangelical, charismatic and radical thinking. Anglo-Catholics have a perverse respect for the canon law of another church rather than their own. But the tide has begun to turn.
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Walsh, John K., and Henry Ansgar Kelly. "Canon Law and the Archpriest of Hita." Hispania 68, no. 4 (December 1985): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/341978.
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Adamczyk, Jerzy. "Źródła i przedmiot nauczania katechetycznego w ujęciu prawa kanonicznego." Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne, no. 30 (August 24, 2018): 463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pst.2016.30.23.
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The following article deals with the sources and subject of religious teaching from the canon point of view. Canon Law Code 760 specifies the Holy Bible as the first and primary source of religious education. The next fundamental source of cathesis is Tradition, then, the liturgy and the Magisterium and Church life. The subject of word ministry (religious education) should be the mystery of Christ presented entirely and faithfully, taking the law hierarchy into account.
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Martin, Susan. "Biblical Authority in the Writing of Pope Innocent IV (1243-54)." Studies in Church History 38 (2004): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400015758.
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When discussing the thirteenth-century concept of Christian unity, Jack Watt asserted, ‘Too little is as yet known of the interaction of theological and canonical thought to be able to say with precision just what the canonists contributed to this development among more abstract thinkers and what they received from it.’ Thirty-five years on this comment largely remains true for our knowledge of the inter-relation of theology and canon law in the thirteenth century. Little attention has been paid to the impact of theology on canon law, and even less to canon law on theological thinking. G.R. Evans claimed, ‘Canon law glosses tend to be conservative and less theologically sophisticated than contemporary theological work.’ That comment could be seen as an explanation for how little attention has been paid to the theological content of canonical writing. However, canon law glosses were written principally to investigate law. The area of ‘sophistication’ was different. Yet, this is not to say that there was no interest in theological questions and their possible solutions on the part of the canonists. All canon lawyers had a theological education, and they cited biblical references to support their arguments extensively. This paper aims to show that the use and understanding of contemporary medieval theology had an important impact on the writing of thirteenth-century canon lawyers, which should not be readily overlooked by modern scholars.
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Myjak, Krzysztof. "SCHOOL AND PARISH CATECHESIS IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY IN RELATION TO CANON AND UNIVERSAL LAW." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 1, no. XXI (March 30, 2021): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.2492.
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The article deals with the topic of the school and parish catechesis in the Federal Republic of Germany. The author presents the legal basis of the catechesis, in the Church and in the State. The catechetic teaching is defined in the Code of Canon Law. Information on this can be found in the second chapter of the title “The Ministry of the Divine Word” in this code. After a brief outline of the legal basis the author proceeds to presenting the history of religious education in Germany. Its origins lie in the 16th century at the time of Reformation and Counter-Reformation. As Rainer Winkel stated, when one studies the history of education, there are seven fields of education to be distinguished: 1. pedagogy, 2. religion, 3. ethics, 4. economics, 5. science, 6. politics, 7. art. Each of them is based on the development of one of seven “athropina”, i. e. features that are characteristic for human beings. All in all, it can be said that the religious education must be an integral part of all-round education. In a further part of the article the author describes the current catechetic teaching in Germany. Since the 1960s we can observe a development from catechesis to religious studies in the religious education at school. Instead of forming and educating pupils religiously, knowledge of religions is imparted at school. It is taught that there are many equally valid systems of values. The truths of faith and the sacraments are omitted during lessons. Above all, it can be observed that the German society is misinformed about the sacrament of penance. Besides, the passion of Christ, its meaning for a Christian and the role of the Holy Virgin Mary are not among the topics in school. On the other hand, parish catechesis is not very popular. The reason for this is probably the disappointment of the young people about the institutional character of the Church. In addition, there is a high percentage of atheists (especially in the former East Germany). Therefore, the author claims that there is a need of a renewed evangelisation instead of catechesis in Germany, in order that people believe in Jesus and the Mother of God again.
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Doe, Norman. "The Teaching of Church Law: An Ecumenical Exploration Worldwide." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 15, no. 3 (August 15, 2013): 267–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x13000422.
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Religion law – the law of the state on religion – has been taught for generations in the law schools of continental Europe, though its introduction in those of the United Kingdom is relatively recent. By way of contrast, within the Anglican Communion there is very little teaching about Anglican canon law. The Church of England does not itself formally train clergy or legal officers in the canon and ecclesiastical laws that they administer. There is no requirement that these be studied for clerical formation in theological colleges or in continuing ministerial education. The same applies to Anglicanism globally – though there are some notable exceptions in a small number of provinces. This is in stark contrast to other ecclesiastical traditions: the Catholic, Orthodox, Lutheran, Methodist, Reformed, Presbyterian, Baptist and United churches all provide training for ministry candidates in their own systems of church law, polity or order. However, no study to date has compared the approaches of these traditions to the teaching of church law today. This article seeks to stimulate an ecumenical debate as to the provision, purposes, practices and principles of the teaching of church law across the ecclesiastical traditions of global Christianity. It does so by presenting examples of courses offered (institutions, purposes, subjects, methods and levels), the educative role of church law itself, requirements under church law for church officers to study the subject, and parallels from the secular world in terms of debate in the academy and practice on the nature of legal education, particularly the role played in it by the Critical Legal Studies movement.1
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Larson, Atria A. "The History of Courts and Procedure in Medieval Canon Law. Edited by Wilfried Hartmann and Kenneth Pennington. History of Medieval Canon Law. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 2016. xiv + 506 pages. $75.00." Horizons 45, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hor.2018.28.
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Turner, Ralph V. "Who Was the Author ofGlanvill?Reflections on the Education of Henry II's Common Lawyers." Law and History Review 8, no. 1 (1990): 97–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/743677.
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The legal treatise calledGlanvillis proof that by the end of Henry II's reign men capable of shaping the custom of the Englishcuria regisinto a systematic law book were present at Westminster.Glanvillis “the first textbook of the English common law.” This treatise was written near the end of Henry II's reign and since the thirteenth century, it has borne the name of his justiciar, Ranulf de Glanvill, although not many scholars today accept his authorship. Why, then, should we raise once more the question: Who was the author ofGlanvill?It remains a valid question because it affords an opportunity for reflection on questions concerning schools, learning, and twelfth-century English society. It forces us to consider the connections among the emerging English common law, the schools, the Scholastic method, and the study of Roman and canon law. It requires us to consider the contributions of Roman and eccesiastical law to Henry II's legal reforms.
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Helmholz, Richard. "University Education and English Ecclesiastical Lawyers 1400–1650." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 13, no. 2 (April 26, 2011): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x11000020.
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Most recent historians have expressed a negative opinion of the quality of legal education at the English universities between 1400 and 1650. The academic study of law at Oxford and Cambridge, they have stated, was easy, antiquated and impractical. The curriculum had not changed from the form it assumed in the thirteenth century, and it did little to prepare students for their careers. This article challenges that opinion by examining the inner nature of the ius commune, the law that was applied in the courts of the church, and also by examining some of the works of practice compiled by English civilians during the period. Those works show that the negative opinion rests in part upon a misunderstanding of the nature of legal practice during earlier centuries. In fact, concentration on the texts of the Roman and canon laws, as old-fashioned as it seems to us, was well suited for the tasks advocates and judges would face once they left the academy. It also provided the stimulus needed for advance in the law of the church itself; their legal education made available to potential advocates and judges skills that would permit a sophisticated application of the ius commune, one better suited to their times. The article provides evidence of how this happened.1
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Shibaev, D. V. "Legal Mode of the Seal of Confession. Correlation of Secular and Canon Law." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18289.
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The scope of regulation of social relations associated with both secular and canon law are of great interest for the researchers. In particular, they are related to the constitutional presumption of separation of church and state. At the same time, there is the tendency of more convergence of the church with the state in matters concerning property, correlation of church and secular education, etc. Implementing the mode of limited information access, the subjects of which are the clergy, is also a sphere of common interest for the state and the church. The use of the comparative - legal research methods, methods of analysis and synthesis of the situation have made it possible to relate the norms of canon and secular law, and identify elements of their relations. The main purpose of the paper is the comprehensive research of the seal of the confessional, its conceptual apparatus, regulation, judicial practice, forms and types of responsibility for its violation. This paper examines the historical aspects of the formation of the seal of confession, starting with the Spiritual Regulations and up to modern ecclesiastical and secular norms. It indicates the specifics of the Spiritual Regulations, which excluded the absolute inviolability of the seal of the confessional, provided the information is related to the security of higher officials. The paper also deals with the legal framework of the seal of the confessional, being a professional religious mystery as well as the legal mode and a form of the information limited in access. With reference to the Basics of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church the requirements for a priest how to qualify the information told by his parishioner. The article contains some features of the seal of the confession practice abroad, particularly in Germany and the USA. Occasionally, US law provides for the circumstances where the communication of the clergy and their parishioners should remain confidential. There is, however, the requirement compelling the priest to report where protection of children is involved. The jurisprudence support the rules regulating the seal of confession. Three relevant cases have been studied by the authors and they highlight the separation of secular and religious laws.
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Domaszk, Arkadiusz. "Udział braci zakonnych w nauczycielskim zadaniu Kościoła." Prawo Kanoniczne 50, no. 1-2 (June 15, 2007): 77–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.2007.50.1-2.04.
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The article analyses the active part and assignments of consecrate brothers in the teaching function of the Church. The problem is examined with reference to the third book of the Code of Canon Law 1983. The author considers assignments of consecrate brothers in the ministry of the divine word, the missionary action of the Church, the Catholic education and instruments of social communication. Consecrate brothers can fundamentally participate in all teaching functions. Small limitations e. g. the prohibition of the predication of the homily during the Holy Mass are derived from theological or legal reasons.
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Ratajczak, Krzysztof. "Legaci apostolscy w Polsce w wiekach średnich i ich rola w przyjmowaniu partykularnego ustawodawstwa kościelnego przez Kościół polski – aspekty edukacyjne." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 26 (March 10, 2019): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2010.26.1.
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The official reception of the conciliar legislation in medieval Poland was greatly influenced by the papal legates, ambassadors endowed with papal authority, who brought conciliar canons to the country ruled at the time by the Piasts and made them public at councils convened with the participation of papal legates, closely monitored the observance of Canon Law and its scope expansion, concurred statutes of Polish provincial and diocesan councils, approved or rejected nominations of bishops, etc. They also acted as intermediaries in personal interventions of popes in their involvement in the functioning of the Church in Poland. Their duties also included inspections in dioceses. Visits of papal legates in Poland were relatively frequent and their main goal was to enforce and implement ecclesiastical reforms in the country. In some instances, a strict relationship between a stay of a papal representative in Poland and the process of the creation and spread of schools is clearly observable. The article examines source accounts concerning the visits of papal legates in Poland, as well as analyses the available statues of legate councils in terms of the provisions included in them regarding education of representatives of the clergy and laymen alike.
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Abdullah, Nathiera. "TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING ISLAMIC CANON LAW AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE: SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR DESIGNING A COMPARATIVE LEGAL CURRICULUM FOR UNDERGRADUATE LLB STUDENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Commonwealth Law and Legal Education 4, no. 2 (October 2006): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14760400701190103.
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Godfrey, Jenny. "The DACS Slide Collection Licensing Scheme." Art Libraries Journal 26, no. 4 (2001): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030747220001244x.
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For many years slide libraries in higher education institutions in the UK grew steadily in size as they accommodated the needs of new and expanding art and design courses. Although some slide librarians acquired new slides by photographing works of art in museums and art galleries, and most bought slides of the traditional art history canon from commercial publishers and art galleries, the largest proportion of these ever growing slide collections was made up of slides produced by copy photography, using slide film to photograph images taken from books, journals and exhibition catalogues. Changes in UK copyright law in 1988 made this illegal and jeopardised the ability of lecturers to present the visual material they needed for their courses. Slide librarians were forced to consider ways of getting around the law. A licence scheme ultimately emerged as the answer, but one that has its detractors and critics.
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Maciejewski, Marek. "Alma Mater Studiorum. O genezie i początkach uniwersytetów." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1268.
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The origin of universities reaches the period of Ancient Greece when philosophy (sophists, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, stoics and others) – the “Queen of sciences”, and the first institutions of higher education (among others, Plato’s Academy, Cassiodorus’ Vivarium, gymnasia) came into existence. Even before the new era, schools having the nature of universities existed also beyond European borders, including those in China and India. In the early Middle Ages, those types of schools functioned in Northern Africa and in the Near East (Baghdad, Cairo, Constantinople, cities of Southern Spain). The first university in the full meaning of the word was founded at the end of the 11th century in Bologna. It was based on a two-tiered education cycle. Following its creation, soon new universities – at first – in Italy, then (in the 12th and 13th century) in other European cities – were established. The author of the article describes their modes of operation, the methods of conducting research and organizing students’ education, the existing student traditions and customs. From the very beginning of the universities’ existence the study of law was part of their curricula, based primarily on the teaching of Roman law and – with time – the canon law. The rise of universities can be dated from the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of modernity. In the 17th and 18th century they underwent a crisis which was successfully overcome at the end of the 19th century and throughout the following one.
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Andreev, Alexander Alekseevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "Abu Ali Hussein Ibn-Abdallah Ibn-Ali Ibn-Sina (Avicenna) - Persian encyclopedic scholar, philosopher, physician, poet, and musician (to the 1040th of birthday." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 13, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2020-13-2-164-164.
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Abu Ali Hussein was born in 980 in a village near Bukhara. At the age of five, he entered the elementary Muslim school, which he graduated by 990. The child received further education at home, studying mathematics, physics, logic, law, astronomy, philosophy, geography and other subjects. In those same years, he wrote his first treatises.
Avicenna began to practice medicine before reaching the age of 12, and very quickly became a famous doctor. In gratitude for curing the emir of Bukhara, he gets access to the Bukhara library. Since 1008, after refusing to enter the service of Sultan Mahmud, Ghaznev Ibn Sina has been forced to lead a wanderer. Ibn Sina was the author of more than a hundred scientific works. Around 1020, he completed work on the Canon, which has survived more than thirty editions, being a textbook for studying medicine at European universities for five centuries. The Canon was one of the first printed books, and in terms of the number of publications it competed with the Bible. Until his death, Avicenna could not return to his homeland, wandering in a foreign land from one city to another. He experienced hardships, getting into prison, rose to the heights of power, becoming a vizier, lived in luxury and poverty, but did not stop his creative and scientific work. His property was plundered more than once, his library was lost. Abu Ali Hussein Ibn Sina died in 1037. For religious reasons, 100 years after his death in the main square of Baghdad, his philosophical books were burned, and after several hundred years in Europe, five volumes of the Canon of Medicine will be the first printed edition after the Bible
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Meckel, Thomas. "Die Konfessionalität des Religionsunterrichts und Möglichkeiten der Kooperation in religionsrechtlicher und kirchenrechtlicher Perspektive – Das Dokument der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz „Die Zukunft des konfessionellen Religionsunterrichts“." Kirche und Recht 26, no. 2 (2020): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.35998/kur-2020-0014.
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Dullak, Kazimierz. "Troska biskupa Czesława Domina o wiernych świeckich w świetle dekretów powizytacyjnych parafii diecezji koszalińsko-kołobrzeskiej." Prawo Kanoniczne 50, no. 1-2 (June 15, 2007): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/pk.2007.50.1-2.01.
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The Canon Law Code which is obliging within the Catholic Church, obliges the diocesan bishop to pay pastoral visits within his diocese (can. 396 § 1). The Vatican Council II points out that the bishops should run the particular churches entrusted to them, by counsels, encouragem ents and example, and that they should do it by the power of their authority (LG 27). During his 4-year pastoral work in the diocese of Koszalin and Kolobrzeg, bishop Czeslaw Domin visited 55 parishes. In each one of them he was concerned not only about the priests, but also lay people, and especially their spiritual lives. Bishop Domin was undertaking some actions aimed to revive charity activities within the parishes. Also, he was encouraging pastoral care for married couples and families, and tried to change things concerning religious education in public schools. He was always encouraging parishioners to be more active in different church activities.
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Bibi, Hamida, and Surat Khan. "The Perils of Jirga and the Miserable Plight of Women." Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v3i2.41.
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This study was conducted to critique and asses the institution of Jirga and its practice of Swara. The data was collected through vis-à-vis semi-structured interviews from the Jirgees and Swaras, the two most proximate stakeholders of the institution of Jirga. For the analysis of data, the tool of Thematic Analysis, developed by Braun and Clarke (2015), was used. The findings of the study show that Jirga — besides being unconstitutional — is involved in multifarious inhumane practices and its members are mostly uneducated. Its decisions are completely void of the canon international law and human rights. Jirga is involved in the felonious practice of Swara. Swaras — women atoned by Jirga in reprisal for an offence — are living wretched lives facing multifarious forms of violence, discrimination, humiliation and other forms of inhumane behaviors. Besides, they are suffering from depression, inferiority complexes, suicidal attempts, malnutrition, verbal abuse, etc. The findings also imply that illiteracy, passivity and condonement of the judiciary and law enforcing agencies, and the higher rate of crimes in the area are the factors contributing to the practice of Swara. In the light of the findings, the researcher recommends that the practice of reprisal reiterated by Jirga should be completely extirpated. Education should be disseminated and the government and law enforcing agencies should work in proximity to mitigate the rate of crimes in the area. The government should frame inclusive economic policies in order to promote peace and prosperity in the area.
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Butler, Richard J. "Catholic Power and the Irish City: Modernity, Religion, and Planning in Galway, 1944–1949." Journal of British Studies 59, no. 3 (July 2020): 521–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2020.68.
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AbstractA major town planning dispute between church and state in Galway in the 1940s over the location for a new school provides a lens for rethinking Ireland's distinctive engagement with modernity. Using town planning and urban governance lenses, this article argues that existing scholarship on the postwar Irish Catholic Church overstates its hegemonic power. In analyzing the dispute, it critiques the undue focus within European town-planning studies on the state and on the supposedly “rational” agendas of mid-century planners, showing instead how religious entities forged parallel paths of urban modernity and urban governance. It thus adds an Irish and an urban-planning dimension to existing debates within religious history about urbanization and secularization, showing how adaptive the Irish Catholic Church was to high modernity. Finally, with its focus on a school building, it brings a built environment angle into studies of education policy in Ireland. In seeking to revisit major historiographical debates within town planning, religious history, and studies of urban modernity, the article makes extensive use of the recently opened papers of Bishop Michael Browne of Galway, a noted public intellectual within the Irish Catholic Church and a European expert on canon law.
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Morrissey, Thomas J. "William J. Walsh, Archbishop of Dublin, 1841–1921." Recusant History 29, no. 2 (October 2008): 231–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200012048.
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William J. Walsh, a name no longer familiar to people, was in his lifetime so long and so vividly associated with the struggle for educational, social and political equality on behalf of the majority population in Ireland that his death seemed to mark the passing of an institution rather than of a man. For more than thirty years he was the leading voice of the Irish hierarchy, and his wide interests and penetrating intelligence found expression in many books and in an almost unending flow of letters to newspapers on topics as varied as education, theology, canon law, social justice, human rights, bimetallism, the environment, and arbitration. A poor preacher, he made the press his pulpit, so much so that irreverent Dublin wits termed him ‘Billy the lip’. His standing and influence was such that at his death the lord mayor of Dublin, Laurence O’Neill, felt moved to the extravagant observation that he was ‘the greatest archbishop of Dublin since St. Laurence O’Toole’. The remarkable fact that the coffin of an archbishop was draped in a tricolour, even as ‘the Troubles’ raged, spoke more emphatically than words how he was viewed by the nationalist population.
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Aristova, Alla V. "Christian visions of homosexuality: new debates of old churches." Religious Freedom, no. 21 (December 21, 2018): 144–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/rs.2018.21.1256.
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The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between the processes of erosion of the traditional norm vs deviation matrix in the public consciousness and changes in the position of Christian denominations and churches, new tendencies in theological research, canon law, social work, pastoral practice.
The purpose of the work is to characterize the processes of diversification of Christian churches for their attitude towards homosexuality under the pressure of changes in the structure of social deviations and the liberalization of the Christian environment. The author defines the main types of historical stigma of homosexuality; characterizes changes in the public opinion of the population of traditionally Christian countries (based on the modern sociological studies); highlights the main innovations in the social doctrine and practice of various Christian denominations; and identifies the dominant trends in eastern and western Christianity in relation to homosexuality.
It is substantiated that the contradiction between the official doctrine, the conservative position of the church hierarchy, on the one hand, and liberal tendencies in the public opinion of the secular community, on the other hand, are more or less common to all Christian denominations. The most difficult situation related the Roman Catholic Church, whose followers live in Western countries with a high level of tolerance for homosexuality. Under the pressure of changes in legal institutions, public morals and public opinion, the traditional Christian interpretation of homosexuality is filled with new connotations; changes were introduced in canon law, institute of spiritual education, other religious institutions; the church becomes more open to discuss problems that have long been taboo. Church policy and pastoral practice are based on the clear delineation of the concepts of "homosexuality", "acts of homosexuality", "homosexual inclinations", "homosexual intentions", "homosexual temptation", etc.
It has been shown that despite the existing changes in rhetoric, canon law and church practice, the official position of churches is subject to constant critical attacks. Criticism refers not only to the "lack of" acts of homosexuality, the preservation of religious stigma of homosexuality as sin, the condemnation by the church of homosexual behavior, same-sex marriages and gay culture, but also the rooting of patterns of such behavior in monastic and priestly structures. An alternative to the official position of traditional Christian churches is the growing theological movement, which was called "Queer-Theology", which produces its own version of Christian anthropology.
Processes of destroying of traditional structure of deviations in the globalized world, from one side, and processes of post-secularizing - from other, generate contradictory consequences for functioning of religious institutes; the palette of possible attitudes to homosexuality becomes complicated. Overall, the differently directed trends were done distinctly in western and east Christianity. In Catholicism, there are processes of liberalization of Christianity, the search for ways to adapt homosexuals to the religious environment, and in the problem field of Christian anthropology new theological interpretations of gender ethics are proposed. In the flow of Orthodoxy, especially of Russian, the fundamentalization and nationalization of Orthodoxy, the defense of the matrix of traditional values will preserve the religious stigma of homosexuality in the future.
Research results can be drawn on in the courses of religious-studies and sociological disciplines; in research of the problems of social and religious deviation.
Foreseeable assumptions about the development of the research object are finding the best ways to investigate the newest tendencies in attitude of Christian churches toward the social issues of the day; to provide comparative and cross-cultural analysis of processes of diversification of Christian environment.
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TSIBRANSKA-KOSTOVA, MARIYANA. "СВЕТЪТ НА МОНАХИНИТЕ ПО ЛЕКСИКАЛНИ ДАННИ / THE WORLD OF NUNS ACCORDING TO LEXICAL DATA." Journal of Bulgarian Language 68, no. 01 (March 31, 2021): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47810/bl.68.21.01.05.
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The article aims at comparing the data on female monasticism in two types of sources – hagiographic works and canon law – in order to bring forward monastic everyday life as an object of cultural conceptology and study of the diachronic linguistic picture of the world. Examples are taken from the Life of St. Eupraxia in the 1359–1360 copy of the Bdin Collection and selected rules from penitential collections. Everyday life in the monastery can be presented by means of distinct thematic areas defined by specific ranges of concepts (mental constructs) and the respective linguistic nominations. The lexical data addressed in the article refer to: food, clothing, education, labour, customs and regulations in the monastery, relations between nuns. The data on female monasticism in the Middle Ages are more limited than those available for monks. This corresponds with scarce information from other types of sources, such as iconographic and archaeological sources. The nuns’ habits and some positions in the monastery are denoted predominantly by masculine gender lexemes due to commonalities in the way of life and the moral norms. The comparison of lexical data from texts of different genres remains a promising task towards the reconstruction of the medieval way of life in the monastery.
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Martos García, Aitana. "Lecturas ecológicas: hacia un canon de ecolecturas." Educatio Siglo XXI 39, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/educatio.469231.
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Se defiende la necesidad de elaborar lecturas transversales con la educación medioambiental, literaria y del patrimonio, como ejes que sirvan para afrontar retos derivados de la crisis ambiental y de la pérdida de memoria cultural en los estudiantes y ciudadanos en general. Se examinan estas cuestiones a propósito de la cultura del agua como centro de interés, y se proponen criterios para la elaboración de un nuevo canon inclusivo, relativo a textos de literatura universal, con base en lecturas ecológicas. A tenor de estas prioridades, se describe la posible articulación de los ejes de conciencia ambiental, patrimonio cultural tangible e intangible, y la metodología didáctica más útil para promover lectores disidentes, que deseen poner en valor la cultura del agua propia de cada comunidad. Todo ello en consonancia con las nuevas corrientes educativas y culturales y en beneficio de la educación del ciudadano del siglo XXI. This article argues in favor of developing readings at the crossroads of environmental, literary and heritage educations. These will be the axis proposed to address challenges arising from the environmental crisis and the loss of cultural memory in students and citizens in general. These issues are explored especially in relation to the emblematic problem of water culture. We propose some criteria for the development of a new inclusive ecological canon with world literature texts. Based on these priorities, we describe the possible foundations of environmental awareness, of tangible and intangible cultural heritage and of the most useful teaching methods to promote dissident readers who wish to foster water culture within specific communities. All this is in keeping with new educational and cultural currents and seeks to have a positive impact on the education of 21st century citizens.
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Beck Varela, Laura. "‘Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar’ Lecturas del jurista en el siglo XVI ibérico = ‘Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar’ Sixteenth-Century Jurists Readings in the Iberian Peninsula." CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 21, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2018.4476.
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Resumen: Los Modos de pasar en Derechos consistían en una especie de guías de lectura, con consejos detallados sobre la disciplina, los libros, las autoridades, las materias, el orden y el tiempo que deberían emplearse en la preparación de la licentia docendi en Leyes y Cánones. De origen salmantino y proyección ibérica, constituyen una fuente de gran interés para la historia de la educación de los juristas en los siglos modernos. Funcionaron, además, como vehículos de legitimación de una determinada imagen pública de excelencia y distinción de la élite académica de catedráticos, licenciados y doctores, en un contexto de conflictos y transformaciones institucionales. Tomando como ejemplo el Modo de pasar del catedrático de la Facultad de Leyes Diego Enríquez, que contenía una sugerente Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar, en estas páginas se esboza una propuesta de identificación de estas pequeñas guías de estudio como un corpus específico en el conjunto de la literatura jurídico-pedagógica del Antiguo régimen. En el apéndice se incluye la transcripción del Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez (1587) que alberga la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Mss. 206, fols. 259v-262r).Palabras clave: Enseñanza del derecho (edad moderna), Literatura jurídico-pedagógica, Historia Cultural de las Universidades, Universidad de Salamanca, Ius commune, Historia de los saberes jurídicos.Abstract: The Modos de pasar en Derechos (ways of ‘passing’ laws) consisted of a type of study guide, which contained moral prescriptions and practical advice about the books, the authorities, the subjects, the order, and the time required to prepare for academic examinations. These study guides were especially designed to instruct candidates in obtaining the licentiate degree in Salamanca, the so-called licentia docendi in both civil and canon law. They also offer a rich source for the history of legal education in the early modern Iberian Peninsula. Moreover, the Modos de pasar functioned as tools for the selfrepresentation to the public of an image of academic excellence and distinction, which was of immense importance for the process of elite formation. The social group formed by tenured professors (catedráticos), licentiates, and doctors in law struggled to enhance their privileges in a period of conflict and institutional change in the old University of Salamanca. In this article, I propose to analyze these study guides as a specific legal-pedagogical genre within the broader spectrum of early modern juridical literature. The features of this corpus of texts can be clearly displayed in the Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez (1587), one of the most remarkable examples of this genre, since it includes a comprehensive list of suggested readings for law students (Memoria de los libros que son necesarios para pasar). An edition of this manuscript (Modo de pasar del doctor Diego Enrríquez, 1587, Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad Complutense de Madrid: Mss. 206, fols. 259v-262r) is added as an appendix.Keywords: Early Modern Legal Education, Pedagogical Literature (Law), Cultural History of Universities, University of Salamanca, Ius commune, History of legal knowledge.
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van Seters, John. "The Origins of the Hebrew Bible: Some New Answers to Old Questions." Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 7, no. 1 (2007): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921207781375132.
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AbstractIn two recent studies, one by William M. Schniedewind, How the Bible Became a Book, the other by David M. Carr, Writing on the Tablet of the Heart, these scholars present their answers to the age old question of how the Hebrew Bible came into being as a special collection of edited and canonized books. Both scholars reject the older formula of a three stage process of Law (400 BCE), Prophets (ca. 200 BCE), and Writings (First Century CE). Schniedewind, on the one hand, proposes an editorial process of collection and arrangement of traditional material within the preexilic royal court and among the royal scribes in captivity in Babylon that gave rise to an authoritative corpus, which was then augmented with some later works in the Persian and Hellenistic periods. Carr, on the other hand, sees the collection and selection of biblical books within an educational process of enculturation that was continuous over an extended period from simple oral tradition in early Israel to the final stages of curricular consolidation, i.e., the canon, in which the priests play a major role. This study will examine a set of issues (e.g. orality and literacy; dating and composition of texts; editing and transmission of texts in antiquity; the role of texts in education) that are covered by these studies, and will offer some alternative suggestions for consideration.
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Tarmedi, Eded, and Nunung Mardiawati. "PENGARUH ATRIBUT PRODUK TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN PRODUK PRINTER INKJET EPSON." Strategic : Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis 10, no. 2 (September 13, 2010): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/strategic.v10i2.1085.
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The development of printer machine nowadays is remakably marked by the latest innovation together with the product quality which continously improving with the advantage and new model as well as more interesting. This is the effect of global market which more competitive and the activity of the world trade more highly controlled by the demand and supply law. In Indonesia the printer industry competition, specially inkjet printer nearly most of them dominated by three big companies, namely Canon, Epson and Hewlett Packard where by this printer vendors, trying to apply various strategy to increasing its printer sale. There are so many kind of printers sold in Indonesia which arising the tough competition among the companies. Various kind of inovative products continously improved. In increasing the consumer loyalty, Epson company always develops its product atribute for interest of satisfying the consumer need. The consumer loyalty is very important to find out whether the consumers were satisfy with the products which was available in the Epson inkjet printer was very important known by the printer vendor.The aim of this research is to reveral the produt atribute description, consumer loyalty and how big was the influence of product atribute to the consumer loyalty of the product. Research used Survey Eksplanatory technique, and the method used was survey. The research population was The Students Of Economic Education Department As The User of Epson Inkjet Printer of Indonesia Education University Jln. Setiabudhi Bandung, to reveal the influence of said variables used simple regresi analysis by the SPSS 11.5 programme help for windows.The results of the research showed that the product quality has the positive influence and adequate (0,634) on the consumer loyalty of the Epson inkjet printer product.. Recommendation which given to the product atribute was the Epson company should maintain and improve its quality product of various factors in order it can increase the satisfaction which in turn shall make the consumer become the loyal persons.
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Peno, Vesna. "Church music in the light of national legislation in the principality of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbia." Muzikologija, no. 12 (2012): 9–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz120215001p.
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Officially, the Serbian Orthodox Church enjoyed a legally guaranteed status throughout the 19th century and Orthodox faith was considered to be prevalent both in the Principality of Serbia and in the Kingdom of Serbia. Nevertheless, after gaining its autonomy within the Constantinople Patriarchate in 1831 (under whose forced jurisdiction it had been since 1766), Knez Milos?s attitude and a number of state provisions led to the unsparing diminishing of the Church authority together with frequent subversions of the Church Canon law. Introduction of the constitutional and legislative framework for the activities of the Serbian church, the enforcement of institutionalized mechanisms of control, and above all, direct interference of the State authorities in the elections of Church hierarchs and their activities, marked relations of the Church and the State in the 19th century. ?Might makes right? rule was always on the State side. Investigations so far have least examined those provisions of the Government concerning general and theological education, in which church music also found its place. Presentation and analysis of the facts about the beginnings of organized music education go in favor of the existing findings on concurrencies and discrepancies in two cultural policies - that of the State and the one of the Church. Attitudes of the Sovereign and the Government towards the educational process, so vital during the decades of the State formation, are also indicative for affirmation of chanting practice and music art in general, as are (non-) conflicting interests between the prelates and distinguished public figures on one, and those in charge at the ministries on the other side. This paper presents all relevant government legislations regulating religious and music education at regular and theological schools. Attempts of the Church dignitaries and learned Serbian musicians to raise the level of music culture with the help of the State authorities are particularly emphasized. The emphasis was especially on the promotion of polyphonic church music and endeavors to print notated church chanting books. All relevant direct and indirect contributors to the expansion of church music are mentioned, among them especially music teachers at the Theological high school in Belgrade. Eventually, the paper points to those legal regulations which imposed on teachers certain duties related to everyday church services and reactions of the teachers to those regulations.
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Ngicuru, Patrick N., Mrs Monicah Muiru, and Irene Riungu. "EFFECT OF SELECTED FACTORS AFFECTING REVENUE COLLECTION IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY GOVERNMENT." American Journal of Finance 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajf.80.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the factors affecting revenue collection in Nairobi City County Government.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study population comprised of a total of 340 members of staff working as chief officers, technical staff and members of Nairobi City County assembly. The sample size was determined using the Fischer’s formula. The sample size for the study was 180 which was distributed proportionately among the strata. The study used a survey questionnaire as a research instrument. Data collected was analyzed with the help of SPSS by both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results were presented in form of tables and graphs. The study adopted a multivariate regression.Results: The study found that revenue diversification affect revenue collected through number of sources of revenue and new policies to a great extent. Tax administration affects revenue in Nairobi City County through competent staff, availability of computers, and availability of postal communication system and tax education. Tax structure affects revenue collection through flexibility, equitability, neutrality and simplicity while different forms of revenue (property, business license) affect amount of revenue collected. Revenue diversification had a positive and significant relationship with amount of revenue collected whereas different forms of revenue collected had positive and significant effect on amount of revenue collected in Nairobi City County.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends on the use of latest technology and competent staff in tax administration, also there should be more innovations to have diversified sources of revenues in Nairobi City County in order to collect more revenue. The financial managers and policy makers in Nairobi City County assembly should come up with new sources of revenues and taxes that obey the canon law of taxation that is economical, simple, flexible and easy to administer.
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OLIVEIRA, Marcus Rodolfo Bringel de, and Claudio Alves PEREIRA. "A Representação das Minorias nas Obras Literárias do Programa de Avaliação Seriada da UnB (aplicação 2019)." INTERRITÓRIOS 6, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.33052/inter.v6i12.249010.
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RESUMOTendo em vista a relevância das obras literárias para o planejamento didático e o trabalho docente dos professores da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como os textos indicados pelo programa de seleção da Universidade de Brasília contemplam a presença ou reforçam a ausência das minorias, dialogando, atualizando ou revisando o cânone literário. Para tanto, buscou-se analisar a relevância dos vestibulares na programação de ensino, o papel do cânone no ensino da literatura, bem como tal entidade é decisiva na representação e recepção das minorias no texto literário, e as possibilidades de atualização didática desses elementos de ensino para uma educação que considere as minorias de forma mais inclusiva ou como produtoras de literatura. Essa discussão procura nortear as possíveis discussões em sala de aula e a conscientização final acerca desses grupos na sociedade, de modo a promover a formação de sujeitos críticos e conscientes. Cânone. Representação. Minorias. Vestibular.ABSTRACTIn view of the construction of literary works for didactic planning and the teaching work of teachers of the Portuguese language discipline, this article aims to analyze the texts indicated by the selection program of the University of Brasília contemplate the presence or reinforce the absence of minorities, dialoguing, updating or revising the literary canon. To this end, we sought to analyze the vestibular research in teaching programming, the role of the canon in the teaching of literature, as well as this entity is decisive in the representation and reception of minorities in the literary text, and as possibilities for didactic updating of these elements of teaching for an education that considers minorities in a more inclusive way or as producers of literature. This discussion seeks to guide how possible it occurs in the classroom and the final awareness about these groups in society, in order to promote the formation of standards and conscious.Canon. Representation. Minorities. Entrance exams.RESUMENDada la relevancia de las obras literarias para el planeamiento didáctico y el trabajo docente de los profesores de la asignatura de Lengua Portuguesa, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo los textos indicados por el programa de selección de la Universidad de Brasilia contemplan la presencia o refuerzan la ausencia de las minorías, dialogando, actualizando o revisando el canon literario. Para ello, se buscó analizar la relevancia de las pruebas de acceso en la programación de enseñanza, el papel del canon en la enseñanza de la literatura, así como esta entidad es determinante en la representación y recepción de las minorías en el texto literario, y las posibilidades de actualización didáctica de estos elementos de la la enseñanza para una educación que considere a las minorías de manera más inclusiva o como productoras de literatura. Esta discusión busca orientar las posibles discusiones en el aula y la conciencia final sobre estos grupos en la sociedad, con el fin de promover la formación de sujetos críticos y conscientes.Canon. Representación. Minorías. Vestibular.SOMMARIOData la rilevanza delle opere letterarie per la pianificazione didattica e il lavoro di insegnamento dei professori della materia Lingua portoghese, questo articolo si propone di analizzare come i testi indicati dal programma di selezione dell'Università di Brasilia contemplano la presenza oppure rafforzano l'assenza di minoranze, dialogando, aggiornando o rivedendo il canone letterario. Per fare questo, abbiamo cercato di analizzare la rilevanza degli esami di ammissione nella programmazione dell'insegnamento, il ruolo del canone nell'insegnamento della letteratura, così come questa entità è decisiva nella rappresentazione e ricezione delle minoranze nel testo letterario, e le possibilità di aggiornamento didattico di questi elementi dell'insegnamento per un'educazione che consideri le minoranze in modo più inclusivo o come produttrici di letteratura. Questa discussione cerca di guidare possibili discussioni in classe e la consapevolezza finale su questi gruppi nella società, al fine di promuovere la formazione di temi critici e consapevoli.Canon. Rappresentazione. Minoranze. Vestibolare.
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BUTLER, WILLIAM ELLIOTT. "Legal Ethics in the American Practice of Law." Право України, no. 2019/12 (2019): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.33498/louu-2019-12-196.
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The author examines in this article the professional legal ethics in the United States, more commonly known as “professional responsibility”, as a subject to an unusual pattern of “codification”. Detailed rules historically originated with the legal profession itself, initially in legal doctrine and then a Code of Ethics published in 1887 by the Alabama State Bar Association. Whatever borrowing occurred among states when introducing their own “codes of ethics”, the Alabama model was drawn upon when, in 1908, the American Bar Association approved “32 Canons of Professional Ethics”. The sources of law regulating the professional conduct of lawyers in the United States are several. The legal ethics within state courts is regulated by the courts, the legislative (or parliamentary) organ, and the Bar of each state. Professional responsibility, in the spirit of David Hoffman, has become an integral part of legal education and licensing. Law students take a compulsory course in professional responsibility and are required to pass the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination administered nationally in the United States by the National Conference of Bar Examiners. The author concludes, that legal ethics has been an integral part of American legal education since the early nineteenth century. In the twentieth century the legal profession itself introduced “private” canons of ethics which were then accepted by the highest courts in virtually all states as rules of professional conduct binding upon all members of the Bar. It remains a distinctive element of the American legal system that binding rules of professional conduct are formed mostly by the courts, and not by the legislature. These rules are initially “codified” by a voluntary non-State organization, adopted by the courts, and then applied by the courts in cases which ultimately become components of the law of precedent; that is, a separate and distinct source of law.
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Dueñas, José Domingo, Rosa María Tabernero, Virginia Calvo, and Elena Consejo. "La lectura literaria ante nuevos retos: canon y mediación en la trayectoria lectora de futuros profesores." Ocnos: Revista de estudios sobre lectura, no. 11 (May 30, 2014): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/ocnos_2014.11.02.
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AA partir del análisis de más de sesenta informes sobre la propia trayectoria lectora de estudiantes de segundo de Magisterio de Educación Infantil y de Educación Primaria durante los cursos 2011/12 y 2012/13, hemos apreciado algunas relaciones, a nuestro juicio, relevantes entre formas de mediación, canon lector y hábitos de lectura. De este modo, hemos observado algunos estilos de mediación que parecen conducir con mayores garantías a trayectorias lectoras de éxito. Hemos clasificado a nuestros informantes en tres grandes grupos de acuerdo con el canon lector en que están instalados: lectores de canon académico, no lectores y lectores de canon social. La mayor o menor calidad de la mediación parece decisiva en buena parte de los casos. Tanto en el ámbito académico como en el familiar la mediación adquiere, en nuestra opinión, mayor eficiencia cuando se traduce en modelos de comportamiento y no solo en recomendaciones verbales, cuando va acompañada de complicidad afectiva o cuando la lectura literaria conecta con aspectos sustanciales de la propia vida. Las prácticas docentes universitarias han de proporcionar sobre todo a los estudiantes experiencias gratificantes de lectura.
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Blaya, Catherine, Marco Allenbach, Valérie Angelucci, and Frédérique Rebetez. "Medidas socioeducativas y colaboración interprofesional: entre tensiones y nuevas estructuras profesionales." Educatio Siglo XXI 38, no. 2 Jul-Oct (June 25, 2020): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/educatio.413121.
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Este artículo trata de la aparición del trabajo socioeducativo en el ámbito escolar para prevenir el abandono escolar en Suiza (cantón[1] de Vaud). El termino "socioeducativo" se aplica conjuntamente a una serie de situaciones problemáticas recientes, nuevos dispositivos o profesionales adecuados designados para responder a ellas y, también una nueva manera de nombrar algunas de sus actividades. Focus groups que asocian diferentes colaboradores profesionales y luego docentes han permitido investigar sus representaciones del trabajo socioeducativo, comprender los desafíos establecidos e identificar algunas condiciones para que los recursos y estrategias movilizados contribuyan al apoyo de los alumnos en dificultad.
Los resultados muestran que el término “socioeducativo” se puede utilizar para designar diversos ámbitos de actuación considerando cada uno de ellos como perteneciente, tanto a las tareas de los docentes, como a otras competencias profesionales. El trabajo socioeducativo aparece como representativo de la relación interprofesional ya que supone un campo de actividad al que contribuye el conjunto de la comunidad educativa.
[1] Se denomina cantón a cada una de las regiones suizas con gobierno autónomo y capitalidad. La capital del cantón d Vaud es Lausana. (Nota de traducción) Introduction: this article aims to investigate the emergence of socio-educational work in the school context in order to prevent early school leaving in Switzerland (Canton of Vaud). The term “socio-educational” is used jointly to refer to problematic situations and resources or professionals devoted to addressing such situations. Finally, the term is also used to refer to certain activities beyond teaching. Method: seven focus groups including specific professionals and teachers were surveyed (i) to conceptualize their representations of socio-educational work; (ii) to define perceived challenges; and (iii) to identify conditions which foster the support of disadvantaged children. Findings: the results show that the term "socio-educational" can be used to designate various types of activities which, sometimes, are related to teaching and, some other times, to other professional skills. Socio-educational work seems to represent interprofessional relationships in that it involves the whole educational community.
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Prieto, Char. "El rechazo y distanciamiento de las estéticas del canon franquista y una perspectiva bajtiniana." Hispania 87, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20140873.
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Luengo Almena, Juan Luis. "Narrativa contemporánea de aventuras y educación literaria en la adolescencia." Ocnos: Revista de estudios sobre lectura, no. 7 (November 15, 2011): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/ocnos_2011.07.05.
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Al artículo pretende poner de manifiesto la situación actual de la narrativa juvenil contemporánea española de viajes y aventuras, así como su puesta en valor en la formación lectora de los estudiantes de Secundaria. El análisis literario de estas novelas y de los antecedentes de este subgénero narrativo, y el establecimiento de un canon literario actualizado nos proporcionan las bases para definir una poética de la novela de aventuras.
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Din, Mohd, Ida Keumala Jeumpa, and Nursiti Nursiti. "PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PARTAI TERHADAP CALON ANGGOTA LEGISLATIF YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMILU (Accountability of Party Against Legislative Candidates Who Conduct Criminal Act of Election)." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 16, no. 1 (August 26, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2016.v16.27-40.
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This research aimed to study how the party`s accountability for offences committed by legislative candidates. What action that taken by a party of electoral violations and whether the party can be charged for. In the doctrine of Criminal Law known by criminal responsibility related to offenders, and in progress subject to criminal law, not only individual but institution or agency or corporation/firms. So, they should be responsible for it. It was a normative legal research, studying the principles of law related to criminal responsibility. Collecting data were done by two stages that were literature and field research. The first aimed to obtain secondary data namely, law material ;primary, secondary and tertiary. And then, the second, collecting data with an in-depth interview with certain key informant. It used a qualitative method.The result showed that party never asked for their responsibility related to offences by legislative candidates who committed election crime because the act did not rule it. The party had not take action associated with offences were done by them. Politic party as cooperation/firms ideally should take account to candidates who conducted the crime. It was a necessary regulation that managed its accountability as in cooperation. Besides, the party should give politics education and strict sanctions to them who did despicable manners. Key words: accountability, party, election of criminal act, legislative ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji bagaimana pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota Legislatif, Apa tindakan yang diambil oleh partai terhadap pelanggaran pemilu yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota Legislatif dan apakah partai dapat dipersalahkan terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota legislatif. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi oleh karena di dalam doktrin hukum pidana dikenal adanya pertanggungjawaban pidana yang dikaitkan dengan pelaku, dan dalam perkembangannya subyek hukum pidana bukan hanya orang perorangan, malainkan juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Sehingga yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban adalah juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yang mengkaji asas hukum yang terkait dengan pertanggungjawaban pidana, namun demikian diperlukan data lapangan sebagai pelengkap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian Kepustakaan (library research), untuk memperoleh data sekunder berupa bahan hukum; primer, sekunder dan tertier. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam (deptintevew) dengan narasumber yang ditentukan. Data yang terkumpul baik dari hasil penelitian lapangan maupun dari penelitian kepustakaan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Partai tidak pernah dimintai pertanggungjawaban sehubungan dengan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif yang melakukan tindak pidana Pemilu, karena Undang-undang tidak mengatur pertanggungjawaban Partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota ligeslatif. Partai tidak pernah melakukan tindakan terkait dengan calon legislatif yang melakukan pelanggaran. Partai Politik sebagai Korporasi idealnya juga harus bertanggungjawab terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif. Diperlukan regulasi yang mengatur pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh Calon anggota legislatif sebagaimana pertanggungjawaban dalam tindak pidana korporasi. Di samping itu, hendaknya partai melakukan pendidikan politik kepada anggotanya dan memberikan sanksi tegas kepada anggota partai politik yang merlakukan perbuatan yang tercela. Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana Pemilu
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Ratajczak, Krzysztof. "The school legislation of the Catholic Church in the Hussitian times." Saeculum Christianum 27, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/sc.2020.27.2.5.
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The aim of the paper is to show the state and changes in the school legislation of the Catholic Church in the crucial period of its history, between 1378 and 1477. The focus of the analysis is especially on the acts of law decreed by the popes, on the canons of the councils, but also on the ius particulare of those ecclesiastical provinces that were affected by the Hussite movement. Also, factors influencing the ecclesiastical law in the realm of education are analysed, such as political, social, economic besides religious. Very important was the question if the changes could be controlled or inspired by the Church or whether the changes of the school legislation were only meant to preserve the status quo.
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Adityo, Rayno Dwi. "Kebebasan Wanita dalam Menentukan Calon Suami: Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Fiqh." MORALITY : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 6, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52947/morality.v6i2.172.
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Forced mariages is social phenomena, because often occurs, majority who are often victim is women and it often happen inside or outside the family. Forced marriages seeming to be an tradition, the patterns is varied. Someone is forced to marriage, because their paradigm is the solution of resolve the problem inside their family. Specific purpose is to give a holistical description that the women have a right to choosed their own husband without compulsion. The Metodology used legal normative and kualitatif approach. The result is, first, even though, the forced marriages is contradictory with the positiv law dan so the fiqh perspective, and the second, from social approach that forced mariages is have relation with culture, education, and a narrow interpretation of text religion sources. The truth is that a women right to choosed a man who will be her husband.
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Moscoso-Sánchez, David-Jesús. "From Gutenberg galaxy to Internet galaxy." Comunicar 12, no. 23 (October 1, 2004): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c23-2004-21.
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Reading, like writing is the most important human communication tool excluding spoken language. As language, writing and therefore reading changes through times with regards to elements that go beyond the act of reading. In our days reading in a book or via any digital technology, shows a new model that we characterize here mainly by its flexibility. This paper undertakes the way of reading is actively built through social changes becoming a window to understand society. La lectura, como la escritura, es el instrumento por antonomasia de la comunicación humana, si exceptuamos al lenguaje hablado. Como el lenguaje, la escritura y, por tanto, la lectura, cambian de forma en el tiempo, en razón de elementos que trascienden el mero acto de leer. En nuestra época, la lectura, ya sea a través del papel o de cualquier tecnología digital, evidencia un nuevo canon que aquí caracterizamos principalmente por su flexibilidad. Este artículo aborda el modo en que la lectura se construye activamente a través de los procesos de cambio social, convirtiéndose en sí misma en una ventana a través de la cual conocer cómo es una sociedad.
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Fouquet-Chauprade, Barbara, and Julia Napoli. "Implementation of educational policies for migrants: A case study in the Swiss canton of Geneva." education policy analysis archives 29 (May 24, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.29.5726.
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The Swiss context presents a specific pattern being a confederal country relying on a subsidiarity principle. Thus, the cantons operate in a framework of a reduced power of central authority (Boulenger et al., 2012; Revaz, 2020) and are autonomous regarding education policies at local level (Akkari, 2019). However, since the adoption of a new law in 2005, the Federal Council, cantons, municipalities and cities officially collaborate on migration policy (Chifelle, 2018; Facchinetti, 2012). In this particular context, the confederation developed migration policies giving guidance to cantonal governments. Our research aimed at analyzing a confederal policy guidance on migrants’ education and its interpretation in the canton of Geneva. In particular, we examined the ”decoupling” between general guidance from the Confederation and the implementation at local level. For this purpose, we studied the implementation of a cantonal program named L’école des mamans (mothers’ school) dedicated to prepare migrants’ families for their children enrolment in primary school. Our main results show that there is a distortion between policy objectives and the implementation phase. We also observe a model of resistance to change with no modification of actors’ practices towards migrants’ parents despite the new integration policy guidance.
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Nogueira, Rafaela Rodrigues, and Aléxia Pádua Franco. "A EDUCAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA VOZ DE DISCENTES E DOCENTES DO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA DA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS INTEGRADAS DO PONTAL - ITUIUTABA-MG." Cadernos de Pesquisa 25, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2229.v25n1p49-62.
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Este artigo discute a educação para as relações étnico-raciais no ensino superior e suas contribuições para a formação docente. Evidencia, por meio de narrativas de discentes e docentes, a inserção da temática em atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão do curso de Pedagogia da FACIP/UFU, com base nas refl exões do campo do currículo. As narrativas foram produzidas por meio de procedimentos metodológicos inspirados na história oral temática (MEIHY, 1996; GUIMARÃES, 1997; ALBERTI, 2004) que delinearam a realização de entrevistas com quatro discentes autoras de trabalhos de conclusão de curso (TCC) que abordaram o ensino da história e da cultura da África e dos afrodescendentes no contexto da educação básica e seus professores orientadores. A análise foi realizada a partir dos conceitos de currículo multicultural (MOREIRA, 2001; 2007 MCLAREN, 2000), multiculturalismo (CANEN; XAVIER, 2005), educação antirracista (MUNANGA, 2005; GOMES, 2005; 2007; 2012) e identidade negra (GARCIA, 1995; MUNANGA, 2012). Os docentes orientadores dos TCC desenvolvem uma apreciação crítica da inserção da educação para as relações étnico-raciais no ensino superior. As discentes analisam a presença da temática em sua trajetória acadêmica, trazendo à tona os impactos para sua formação pessoal e profissional.Palavras-chave: Educação para as relações étnico-raciais. Formação de professores. História oral. História e cultura afro-brasileira. THE EDUCATION IN ETHNIC-RACIAL RELATIONS IN THE VOICE OF PROFESSORS AND STUDENTS OF THE PEDAGOGY COURSE OF FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS INTEGRADAS DO PONTAL - ITUIUTABA-MGAbstract: This article discusses education for ethnic-racial relations in higher education, and their contributions to teacher education. It shows, through the narratives of students and teachers, the insertion of thematic in teaching, research and extension activities of the Course of Pedagogy at FACIP / UFU, based on the reflections of the curriculum field. These narratives were produced through methodological procedures inspired by oral history (MEIHY, 1996; GUIMARÃES, 1997; ALBERTI, 2004), which delineated interviews with four students-authors of Undergraduate Theses, on the teaching of African Brazilian history and culture in the context of Basic Education. They were analyzed from the concepts of multicultural curriculum (MOREIRA 2001; 2007; MCLAREN, 2000), multiculturalism (CANEN; XAVIER, 2005), anti-racist education (MUNANGA, 2005; GOMES, 2005; 2007; 2012) and Black Identity (GARCIA, 1995; MUNANGA, 2012). Professors develop a critical appreciation of the insertion of education for ethnic-racial relations in higher education. The students analyze the presence of the theme in their academic trajectory, bringing the impacts to their personal and professional formation.Keywords: Education for ethnic-racial relations. Teacher training. Oral history. African Brazilian history and culture.LA EDUCACIÓN DE LAS RELACIONES ÉTNICAS Y RACIALES EN LA VOZ DE DISCENTES Y DOCENTES DEL CURSO DE PEDAGOGÍA DE LA FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS INTEGRADAS DEL PONTAL - ITUIUTABA-MGResumen: Este artículo realiza una discusión sobre la educación para las relaciones étnicas y raciales en la enseñanza superior y sus contribuciones para la formación docente. Evidencia, por medio de las narrativas de alumnos y profesores, la inserción de la temática en las actividades de enseñanza e investigación del Curso de Pedagogía de FACIP/ UFU, con base en las refl exiones del campo del currículo. Las narrativas fueron producidas por medio de procedimientos metodológicos inspirados en la historia oral temática (MEIHY, 1996, GUIMARÃES, 1997, ALBERTI, 2004) que delinearon la realización de entrevistas con cuatro alumnas autoras de trabajos de conclusión de curso (TCCs) que abordaron la enseñanza de la historia y de la cultura de África y de los afrodescendientes en el contexto de la educación básica, y sus profesores orientadores. Se analizaron a partir de los conceptos de currículo multicultural (MOREIRA 2001; 2007; MCLAREN, 2000), multiculturalismo (CANEN, XAVIER, 2005), educación antirracista (MUNANGA, 2005, GOMES, 2005, 2007; 2012) e Identidad Negra (GARCIA, 1995; MUNANGA, 2012). Los docentes desarrollan un análisis crítico sobre la inserción de la educación para las relaciones étnicas y raciales en la enseñanza superior. Las alumnas analizan la presencia de la temática en su trayectoria académica, trayendo los impactos para su formación personal y profesional.Palabras-Claves: Educación para las relaciones étnicas y raciales. Formación de profesores. Historia oral. Historia y cultura afro- brasileña.
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García-Roca, Anastasio, and José Manuel De-Amo. "Jóvenes escritores en la red: un estudio exploratorio sobre perfiles de Wattpad." Ocnos: Revista de estudios sobre lectura 18, no. 3 (November 28, 2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/ocnos_2019.18.3.1968.
Full textAbstract:
Este artículo explora el perfil general de usuarios de Wattpad, red de lectura social que cuenta con una sección de autopublicación para jóvenes escritores. El campo de interés está centrado en el análisis de las entrevistas escritas voluntariamente entre usuarios de la plataforma en las que se exponen sus reflexiones metaliterarias sobre el proceso creativo y la construcción de su canon de lecturas personal. Se ha realizado una investigación descriptiva no experimental para la que se han contado con un total de 146 entrevistas a escritores publicadas en este espacio de afinidad. Los resultados obtenidos proporcionan una relación detallada de las características específicas de sus miembros. La línea de investigación en que se incardina este estudio es especialmente relevante para el diseño e implementación de propuestas de innovación relacionadas con la educación literaria en el ámbito escolar, ya que permite comprender los mecanismos de participación interactiva y los procesos de formación lectora en contextos de aprendizaje informal.
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Bingle, Branwen. "The Perceived Influence of Children’s Literature on Sociocultural Understanding in UK Education in UK Education." Journal of Literary Education, no. 1 (December 8, 2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/jle.1.12277.
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This article recognises the interplay between learners’ understanding of the world and the literature selected for, and read by, children as a result of current curriculum design within the UK. As part of the author’s doctoral study, an extensive review was conducted into the place of children’s literature in the development of socio-cultural constructs; this included an appraisal of the function of published narratives within the development of a national curriculum for English in the UK. The findings of the review detailed here identified that an ideological linkage between the study of literature and the development of sociocultural values resulted from an increased politicisation of the English curriculum, particularly post-2010. Within the social and historical debates, reading was identified as a specific mechanism for transmitting adult-centric ideas around spiritual, moral, social and cultural beliefs. Issues of power and control became emphasised within the review through the exploration of the actions of gatekeepers, including publishers, librarians, teachers and even politicians, as they attempted to define a preferred canon of literature for study. Throughout the wider literature, contemporary political discourse seemingly argued for dominance over and marginalisation of different factions of society without acknowledging the implicit and explicit bias found within. The review concluded that educators have a responsibility to teach critical literacy skills to enable young readers to negotiate the ideologies being presented to them, but, in the view of this author, this is only possible if teachers enable learners to interrogate for themselves the literature chosen as resources for the classroom.
Key words: Children’s Literature, Curriculum, Ideology, Power, Reading
Resumen
El siguiente artículo trata de la interacción entre la comprensión del mundo por parte de los aprendices y la literatura seleccionada para y leída por el alumnado como resultado del actual diseño curricular en Reino Unido. Como parte de la tesis doctoral de la autora, se llevó a cabo una revisión extensiva sobre el lugar de la literatura infantil en el desarrollo de los constructos socioculturales. Esto incluye una valoración de la función de las narrativas publicadas sobre el desarrollo de un currículum nacional para el inglés en Reino Unido. Los hallazgos de la revisión que se incluyen aquí, muestran que hay un vínculo entre el estudio de la literatra y el desarrollo de los valores socioculturales resultado de una politización creciente del currículum inglés, particularmente a partir de 2010. Entre los debates sociales e históricos, la lectura ha sido identificada como un mecanismo para transmitir ideas adultocéntricas sobre creencias espirituales, morales, sociales y culturales. Los problemas del poder y el control se enfatizan en la investigación a través de la exploración de las acciones de las agencias, incluyendo editoriales, personal de bibliotecas, docentes e, incluso, políticos, ya que intentan definir un canon literario preferido para su estudio. A través de una amplia literatura, el discurso político contemporáneo, aparentemente, ha defendido la dominación y la marginación de diferentes facciones de la sociedad sin tener presente el sesgo implícito y explícito que conlleva. La revisión concluye que los educadores y educadoras tienen una responsabilidad a la hora de enseñar destrezas de lectura crítica para permitir a los y las jóvenes lectores y lectoras negociar las ideologías que se les presentan. Pero desde el punto de vista de la autora, esto es solo posible si los docentes permiten al alumnado interrogar por ellos mismos la literatura que se escoge como recurso en el aula.
Palabras clave: Literatura infantil, Currículo, Ideología, Poder, Lectura
Resum
Aquest article tracta la interacció entre la comprensió del món per part dels aprenents i la literatura seleccionada per i llegida per infants, com a resultat de l’actual disseny del currículum a Regne Unit. Com a part de la tesi doctoral de l’autora, es va dur a terme una revisió extensiva al voltant del lloc de la literatura infantil en el desenvolupament dels constructes socioculturals. Açò inclou una valoració de la funció de les narratives publicades entorn del desenvolupament d’un currículum nacional per a l’anglés a Regne Unit. Les troballes en la revisió detallades ací, identifiquen que hi ha un vincle entre l’estudi de la literatura i el desenvolupament dels valors socioculturals resultat d’una politització creixent del currículum anglés, particularment després de 2010. Entre els debats socials i històrics, la lectura ha sigut identificada com a un mecanisme per transmetre idees adultocèntriques sobre creences espirituals, morals, socials i culturals. Els problemes del poder i el control s’emfatitzen en la investigació a través de l’exploració de les accions de les agències, incloent editorials, personal de biblioteques, docents i fins i tot polítics, en tant que intenten de definir un cànon literari preferit per al seu estudi. A través d’una àmplia literatura, el discurs polític contemporani, aparentment, ha defensat la dominació i la marginalització de diferents faccions de la societat sense tindre present el biaix implícit i explícit que s’hi troba. La revisió conclou que els i les educadors i educadores tenen una responsabilitat per a ensenyar destreses de lectura crítica per tal de permetre als i les joves lectors i lectores negociar les ideologies que se’ls hi presenten; açò però, des del punt de vista de l’autora, és només possible si els docents permeten a l’alumnat contestar per ells mateixos la literatura que es tria com a recurs a l’aula.
Paraules clau: Literatura infantil, Currículum, Ideologia, Poder, Lectura.
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Czupryński, Andrzej. "The Role of Universities in Shaping a Safe Environment." Internal Security Special Issue (June 1, 2020): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1566.
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The human and social security paradigm has been developed and shaped at different levels in various countries and political regions as a result of their diverse development of civilisation. Security in all spheres of social life has become a paradigm of the present and the future and, following its creation, has caused mental changes in the human value system. The system of values developed at universities, in terms of peaceful coexistence, tolerance, respect for the canons of law, and environmental protection, is becoming an interpretation of the quality of human life. This means that universities, regardless of their educational and scientific research profiles, are actively involved in building security in their micro- and macro-environment in the short and long term. The social responsibility of universities to shape a safe environment consists in including the following in the content of education and in the system of values of graduates: human rights, assumptions of humanitarianism, ethics, tolerance, environmental protection, respect for the law, shaping pro-social attitudes, and many others arising from the challenges of the present and future.
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Ballesteros-Aguayo, Lucia, María del Mar Ramírez-Alvarado, and María Cruz Tornay-Márquez. "Ruptura con la heteronormatividad predominante: construcción de personajes jóvenes en las series de ficción televisiva." Ámbitos. Revista Internacional de Comunicación, no. 52 (2021): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ambitos.2021.i52.12.
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Este trabajo ofrece una reflexión general sobre la presencia de la diversidad sexual en personajes jóvenes de series televisivas que han alcanzado éxito en una plataforma de notable penetración como lo es Netflix. Para ello se ha procedido a un análisis de dos de sus series de ficción de mayor difusión y que han constituido el corpus de análisis. Ambas han sido producidas en contextos culturales muy diferentes: La casa de las flores (serie mexicana, tres temporadas, estrenada en agosto de 2018) y Sex Education (serie británica, dos temporadas, estrenada en enero de 2019). Las conclusiones de este trabajo advierten que, efectivamente y siendo la heteronormatividad el canon dominante, esta visibilidad de orientaciones sexuales y su manifestación en personajes juveniles supone un avance. De hecho, no pocos de los personajes jóvenes estudiados afrontan sus realidades personales y deseos con importantes conflictos pero con decisión. Sin embargo, las conclusiones también cuestionan el hecho de si esta presencia ha supuesto una mayor aceptación de la diversidad sexual o, al contrario, si se presentan a estos personajes en el marco de convenciones culturales establecidas reforzando el heterosexismo, valores tradicionales como la familia o la monogamia, o haciendo énfasis en la asociación entre homosexualidad y falta de masculinidad o feminidad.
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Thohir, M. Anas. "PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED DISCOVERY DALAM UPAYA REMEDIASI MISKONSEPSI MATERI LISTRIK DINAMIS CALON GURU." Lensa : Jurnal Kependidikan Fisika 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/j-lkf.v3i1.378.
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This study aims to remediate student misconceptions on dynamic electrical materials. Remediation activities are conducted in two stages. First, the development of guided discovery learning devices and misconception diagnostic test instruments. The development follows the 4-D model stage. The second phase is, the implementation of learning in 35 students of Physics Education in 2011 State University of Surabaya through Design One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Student misconceptions data were analyzed by CRI analysis and learning implementation data were analyzed by mean of stepping. The data of the research shows that the average value of learning is 3.6 (very good category). Initial misconception profiles are found on every concept before learning and decline after remediation. At the drift speed concept, students experienced misconceptions 66% and 31% after application. In the concept of 'Ohm's law' 26% to 3%, source voltage parallel series strewed 71% to 43%, current consumption model 63% to 46%, series and parallel impact on power 80% to 46%, energy on battery 40% to 37%, electrical circuit typology 69% to 51%, electric power in mixed circuit 51% to 17%, current on a circuit 40% to 11%, potential difference between two points 43% to 9%, use of measuring instrument electricity (ampermeter and voltmeter) in the series 37% to 26%, and Kirchhoff rules 20% to 26%. The results of this data analysis can be concluded that the learning tools developed can reduce student misconception.
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Ruiz Heredia, Celia María, Amador Jesús Lara Sánchez, Francisco José López Gallego, Javier Cachón Zagalaz, and Pedro Valdivia Moral. "Análisis del tiempo de clase en EF y propuestas para su optimización (Analysis of class time in physical education and proposals for optimization)." Retos, no. 35 (September 13, 2018): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.61880.
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La organización y gestión del tiempo en las clases de EF (EF) en Educación Primaria (EP) supone un aspecto importante para una enseñanza eficaz. Por ello, los docentes deben de ser conscientes del tiempo real que los alumnos están aprovechando dichas clases y, por consiguiente, aprovechar al máximo las 2 h semanales que establece el currículum. Objetivo: Analizar y cuantificar los diferentes tipos de tiempo en los que se fracciona la clase de EF. Concienciar a los docentes y desarrollar estrategias para que en las clases aumente el tiempo de compromiso motor. Material y Métodos: Mediante la observación de grabaciones con una cámara de video Canon Legria HFR306 colocada en uno de los laterales de la pista, se analizan 3 sesiones de 2 unidades didácticas (UD) de diferentes deportes (tiempo de la sesión, útil, de explicación, práctica, perdido y de compromiso motor). La muestra han sido dos grupos de 5º de EP de los que se extraen 3 sujetos de cada uno. Resultados: Las grabaciones se digitalizan con el programa Windows Media y para la estadística se usa el programa SPSS19 para Windows. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se concluye que el tiempo establecido por el currículum no es el real de trabajo sino que 3/4 son de tiempo útil y alrededor de 2/4 de compromiso motor. Para mejorar los tiempos de compromiso motor del alumnado se deberían utilizar propuestas como ubicación apropiada en el horario de la clase de EF o motivar a los alumnos en la propuesta a seguir.Abstract. The organization and time management in Physical Education lessons in Primary Education supposes an important aspect for effective teaching. Therefore, teachers must be aware of the real time students are taking advantage of in Physical Education lessons and consequently try to maximize the 2h weekly established in the curriculum. The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify the different types of time in which the PE lesson is fractionated. The intention is to raise awareness amongst teachers and to develop strategies for Physical Education lessons in order to increase the time of motor engagement. Material and Methods: By observing recordings with a Canon Legria HFR306 video camera placed on one of the sides of the track, 3 sessions of 2 didactic units (DU) of different sports were analyzed (session time, useful time, explanation time, practice time, lost time and motor commitment). The sample constituted of two groups of fifth-graders from a primary school, out of which 3 students were extracted. Results: The recordings were digitized with the Windows Media program, and the SPSS19 program for Windows was used for statistics. Discussion and Conclusions: The analysis showed that the time established by the curriculum is not the actual practice time. In fact, 3/4 of the class time was effective; about 2/4 was marked as motor commitment. To improve the motor commitment times of the students, PE classes should be scheduled more appropriately within school days. Furthermore, diverse motivational strategies might be a good tool for increasing students engagement times.
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Agatha, Fransiska Maryl, I. Ketut Widia, and I. Ketut Sukadana. "Pengangkatan Anak oleh Orang Tua yang Berbeda Keyakinan dengan Calon Anak Angkatnya." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.2.2391.16-20.
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Adoption is a legal action to transfer custody of a child from a parent, legal guardian, or another person responsible for the care, education, and care of the child to the care of the adoptive parent. The adoption of children is generally carried out by married couples who cannot have children. Apart from a reproduction factor, there are a lot of other things encouraging adopting a child, one of them is compassion. This study aimed to examine the requirements for adoption based on PP. 54 of 2007 and the legal consequences of adopting children by adoptive parents of different beliefs from the prospective adopted children. This research is a normative legal research. Based on the results and discussion of this study, it was found that requirements for adoption based on PP. 54 of 2007 has been clearly regulated, and the detailed procedures and requirements for adoption have been regulated in Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection with implementing regulations in the form of Government Regulation No. 54 of 2007 concerning the Implementation of Adoption and clear details in the Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. 110 of 2009 concerning Requirements for Adoption of Children. In addition, adoption by prospective parents with different beliefs can be carried out by having a statement letter from the biological parents of the prospective adopted child stating that the child follows the beliefs of the adoptive parents. Whereas for homeless children a statement letter from the biological parents is made by the foundation or institution that accommodates the child.
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Aisyah, Nur. "DISPENSASI PERNIKAHAN DI BAWAH UMUR PADA MASYARAKAT ISLAM DI KABUPATEN BANTAENG." Jurisprudentie : Jurusan Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum 4, no. 2 (December 5, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/jurisprudentie.v4i2.4062.
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The fuqoha and lawyers agree that a person is held accountable for his actions and has the freedom of determining his life after his age (Baligh). With reference to applicable legislation, if the prospective bride is under 16 years of age and the prospective bridegroom under the age of 19 years, then the person is categorized as underage and incompetent to act in the law in the case of marriage . several factors that cause the proposed marriage dispensation, among others, due to Pregnant Factor before marriage, Economic Factors, and Factors Education. Judge consideration in granting judgment of marriage age is the judge not only raced on the Act, this is where the ijtihad judge is needed in determining something based on mursalah maslahat. Keywords: Wedding Dispensation Para fuqoha dan ahli undang- undang sepakat menetapkan, seseorang diminta pertanggungjawaban atas perbuatannya dan mempunyai kebebasan menentukan hidupnya setelah cukup umur (Baligh). Dengan mengacu pada perundang-undangan yang berlaku, jika pihak calon mempelai wanita di bawah umur 16 tahun dan calon mempelai laki-laki dibawah umur 19 tahun, maka yang bersangkutan dikategorikan masih di bawah umur dan tidak cakap untuk bertindak di dalam hukum termaksud dalam melakukan perkawinan. beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab diajukan dispensasi perkawinan antara lain karena Faktor Hamil sebelum melangsungkan perkawinan, Faktor Ekonomi, dan Faktor Pendidikan. Dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam mengabulkan dipensasi usia perkawinan yaitu hakim tidak hanya berpacu pada Undang – Undang, disinilah diperlukan ijtihad hakim dalam menetapkan sesuatu berdasarkan maslahat mursalah.Kata kunci : Dispensasi Pernikahan
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Aerni, Klaus. "The Ecomuseum project on the Simplon Pass in the Swiss Alps (canton valais) and its significance for environmental education." International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education 2, no. 2 (August 1993): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10382046.1993.9964914.
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