Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éducation des jeunes enfants'
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Doucet-Dahlgren, Anne-Marie. "Lorsque les parents agissent : études d'actes éducatifs envers les jeunes enfants." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100071.
Full textOur research is in keeping with the field of interactive investigations based on theoretical perspectives of Vygotsky and Bruner. Thes scholars highlight that the influence of a family'social envirnment and its childrearing practices is essential for a child's development and upbringing. From the issues raised on famiy practices, we have chosen to focus our study on child-rearing acts from the parental point of view. The aim is to determine the structure of the main behavioural components of acts carried out by both parents upon their child in daily interactions. The data are collected through observations and interviews with middle class families. Nine parental couples selected are first time parents and their children (five boys and four girls) are twenty four months old and do not attend nursery school. .
Mathieu-Cabouat, Sophie. "Jeunes handicapés et éducation spéciale : pour une philosophie contractuelle." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10027.
Full textLeclercq, Suzelle. "L'école maternelle et la socialisation des jeunes enfants : les effets de la première année de préscolarisation sur l'évolution des processus de socialisation de jeunes enfants." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H038.
Full textIn france, earlier and earlier massive preshooling constitutes a real social phenomenen. What are the concrets effects of the first year of preshooling for children aged from two to four ? according to one of the objectives attributed to nursery schools which is "to socialise", performances of about hundred children have been valued during usual school activities: daily activities in relation with the body, the graphic description of the human body, communicative and linguistic activities, productive and receptive activities. The comparative synchronic and diachronic analysis of the results, in each of these studies at the beginning and at the end of the school year, achieved by boys and girls coming from environments, either more or less favoured, taken in classrooms or in home classes, show the statistically significant effects due to sex, to the socio-cultural environment, to the method of schooling through space at school and their interactions on children's performances
Andreassian, Renée. "Jeunes enfants trisomiques en milieu scolaire normal : étude comportementale : contribution à une réflexion sur l'intégration des enfants "différents"." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100153.
Full textPageau, Danis. "Structuration éducative parentale et fonctionnement cognitif des jeunes enfants." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1992. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5359/1/000597730.pdf.
Full textBourgalais, Patrick. "Les miroirs du silence : l'éducation des jeunes sourds dans l'Ouest (1800 – 1934)." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20035.
Full textThis study concerns the logics and the stakes in the educational coverage of the young deaf persons in the West of France, the Revolution on the eve of the Second World War. It presents the education of the deaf persons as the result of a collective construction which elaborates from a certain representation of the social link and as the expression of a political mediation of the State. The action of authorities thus appears as a compromise ceaselessly renewed under the situation of economic, social and political factors which exceed widely the frame of the education of deficient hearing. So, the speeches on the deafness reflect not both the real condition of the deaf persons and the major preoccupations of time for the society. The distance between the speeches which legitimize the public intervention and their reality is in the center of the thesis
Pirard, Florence. "Cultures de la qualité des services et cultures de l'accompagnement dans le secteur de l'éducation des jeunes enfants : essai de théorisation." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA131011.
Full textThis thesis appears to be an attempt of theorizing conceptions about quality and accompaniement in early childhood education. These conceptions are approached through the prism of cultures which shows the specific feature of the “constructed” object. Inspired by grounded theory methods, the thesis develops two complementary approaches : first, it diachronicly explores different uses of quality in international early childhood education research and the reference to accompaniment present in recent issues of education sciences. This part leads to a first theorisation essay. Next, the same object is analysed through debates emerging in education systems settled by the searcher. The process tries to advance that implication is one of the possible ways to produce knowledge. The comparison of analysis results based on the two approaches leads to a theorisation essay. This essay is supposed to make the subject matter intelligible
Valentim, Silvia. "Entre gestion et éducation dans la petite enfance au Brésil et en France : des implications professionnelles sous tension." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0762/document.
Full textDoctoral research concerns the new forms of management, from the new public management in force in collective reception centers for young children (nursery) in France and Brazil. Based on field surveys, this research builds on what professionals say and show their ethical-political implications (Demailly, 2008) in their relationship with the institution (Monceau, 2014). The analysis of the institutionalization process of the crib in both national realities studied, reveals strong tensions between the actors on the social value of this type of establishment. It seems that the demands of families, concerned about obtaining seats in collective structures (or others), those in the business world, those children and those professionals fail to agree. Economic imperatives prevail more and more explicitly on all these demands and are found in the speeches of each other. These discourses are in the form of denunciations, but sometimes practical justifications to guarantee the well-being and quality of childcare (OECD, 2007). Through an ethnographic study and socio-Clinic, we sought to understand how the professionals involved in childcare of young children, France and Brazil, understand and experience the transformations brought about by socio-economic imperatives. We mobilize the theoretical framework of institutional analysis (Lourau, 1970) and consider early childhood (its structures and childcare) as an institution to the extent that its interest is widely recognized and practices established in our society. Investigations by immersion in these two countries (France and Brazil), so distant and so different, not intended to be comparative. Our goal was mainly to next educational developments and managers in the early childhood sector in these two realities, so that each can query the other. This process should identify how professionals are involved in these processes and how they allow (or not) to think about the effects of new forms of management on their practices and their involvement in them. The analyzers tensions between the educational dimensions and managers we finally highlight (the relationship to politics and policy, the issue of gender in social relations within the nursery, time management and the question of money, professionalization and professional references), suggest how professionals perceive their involvement in work and social structures outside of it. The institution of its complexity seems to escape their understanding, while guiding their actions. The institution is thus a non-knowledge (Lourau, 1970, p.19). Dichotomies implemented by professionals in Brazil as in France to classify and prioritize the elements of their environment and practices highlight some of the challenges posed by new forms of social sector management, particularly that of infancy
Bourdon, Patrice. "La scolarisation des enfants et des jeunes en situations de handicaps moteurs : rapport au savoir et mobiles d'apprendre." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082316.
Full textHow do young people who are physically handicapped manage with and within their school? Through a series of "portraits" which could seem unique, we have observed that, in general, children and young people who are "handicapped" create a life which is centered around their "handicap" and this introduces a special relationship with objects of knowledge and with knowledge itself. In any case, when they enter school, they are confronted in the same way as all students with the logistical and practical problems of the institution, while still remaining different from the others. The specific focus of our thesis resides in the understanding of the processes which take place during this school inclusion, from the perspective of the student, without being totally subjective. We will present what we have identified as being their motives for learning and their relationship to knowledge. We will show the connections between transformation and elaboration of the self in the description and explanation of various mediations
Naëck, Vassen. "L'éducation cognitive en milieu scolaire : une expérience d'apprentissage cognitif auprès de jeunes enfants scolarisés en primaire à Maurice." La Réunion, 2003. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/03_04_Naeck_ss_dyn.pdf.
Full textFrançois, Pierre Enocque. "Système éducatif et abandon social en Haïti. Cas des Enfants et des jeunes de la rue." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100066/document.
Full textDuring the colonial period, education was reserved for a category of children. After the independence, the operation of the system did not allow to take into account all the children and youths to be scholarized. 500.000 children don' t have access to education. From them, more than 10.000 are in the street.Victims of the social marginalization they know a marginalized socialization.The National Plan of Education and Formation spread out over 10 years (1997-2007) which the objective to increase the education system by expansion of schooling offering is not successful. During the class work hours, children and young people of the street who will not have any relationship with educational establishments trail through the streets. So, the vulnerable population reproduces because the poor family could not ensure a mobility intergeneration. The risk for their children to know extreme poverty is very large. Haitian school is thus a driving belt of the reproduction of poverty. Our intellectual curiosity leads us to bring the education system and the phenomenon of the children and the young people of the steet in Haiti. The thread of our work is the phenomenon of the children and the youths of the strret is a resultant of the mechanisms of operation of the education system which facilitates in parallel, by the non equal treatment and the social abandonment, the development of a marginalized school for the poorest families. The empirical data we have made it possible to validate our hypothesis. Although they express their will to go to school, the street is for them, the only place of formation and socialization.Child or youth of the street is then abandoned social
Tarazi-Sahab, Layla. "Changement de langue à l'adolescence : étude d'une population de jeunes Libanais bilingues." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131024.
Full textWe study a complex object: the language switching in adolescence, using a complementary approach allying sociolinguistic, psychoanalytical and ethno-psychoanalytical theories. This study links the necessary psychological separation with the social uses of bilingualism. 1- A questionnaire is proposed to 294 Lebanese students in a French speaking school who constitute the population of our study. It validates the existence of this phenomenon and describes its characteristics. 2-A second phase of the study is constituted by research interviews and establish a relation between the quality of the language and the family, the emotions, the conflicts, the puberty; they prove language to be an identity marker. We develop six of them in a longitudinal approach. 3-A transversal analysis of the others reveals the place of code switching in the discursive strategy of the bilinguals and the forms that they give to their mixing. The psycho-affective interactive aims and psychological functions appears (language as a pare-exciter, a defence, a skin, a transitional apparatus). 4-A clinical approach shows that listening to code switching in a bilingual therapy gives important indications of what’s going beneath
Giraudeau, Caroline. "Guidage des apprentissages chez l'enfant d'âge pré-scolaire : comparaison des interactions avec différents tuteurs (Éducatrices de jeunes enfants, enseignantes, mères et assistantes maternelles)." Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT3017.
Full textTigréat, Hervé. "Jeunes cas sociaux et difficultés éducatives : profils psychologiques des jeunes cas sociaux placés en Foyer de l'Enfance : typologies réalisées à partir des opinions de leurs éducateurs et de leurs protocoles de Rorschach et de TAT." Brest, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BRES1007.
Full textLatchoumanin, Michel. "Langue maternelle et apprentissage cognitif : apport d'une expérience d'induction de structures cognitives auprès des jeunes enfants réunionnais." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX10062.
Full textWithin a neo-structuralist approach of cognitive development, which attemps to organise a piagetian genetic psychology with an information processing theory, we tried to analyse the processes in young children from reunion island reared cognitive inferred from the induction referential reasoning within a diglossic context. The existence and the nature of the processes involved are inferred from verbal behaviours preceding and following actions in cognitive training situation. Gains are identified according to developmental steps and modes of representations which are genuine to the pre-operative period. The analysis of the results gives strong evidence of significant cognitive improvements when the Creole mother tongue is used with subjects not well acquainted with the official teaching language (French). The experiment shows that the children have acquired significant competences in cognitive situations far remote from those usually obtained in traditional school training in French, this at an earlier age and with better results than those obtained with children taught in the official language, or not taught at all. More over, these competences seem also to appear in context situations different from the training situations these results bear a significant statistical difference the two groups experimental (training in French and in Creole) and the control group (no training)
Lévesque-Desrosiers, Camille. "Soutien des comportements prosociaux des enfants âgés de 3 à 5 ans par leur éducatrice en contexte d'éducation par la nature." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67571.
Full textLemétayer, Fabienne. "Tutelles parentales et déficience mentale : étude comparative d'une activité conjointe d'encastrements chez de jeunes enfants trisomiques 21 et non déficients." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20020.
Full textTutoring interactions refer to the Vygotsky's concept of zone of proximal development, in which the infant's developmental potential is supported by a more competent partner. Most empirical studies investigating the vygostskyan thesis focuses on parental instructional behavior fostering the child's development. On the other hand, researches on the influence of the child himself or his characteristics on parental scaffolding are scarce. So, the purpose of this study is to explore if, independently of a parental responsiveness on the developmental level of child, parental scaffolding can be influence by the child's characteristics, like among the down syndrome children, for example. Three groups of 12 non deficient children (14, 18 and 22 months) and three groups of 12 down syndrome children matched on mental age, have been videotaped with their parent during a problem solving situation (sorter task). The results indicate that, with young children of equivalent developmental level, parent's behaviors change according to they're in interaction with non deficient children or down syndrome children. Indeed, parent's instructions of non deficient children change as infants gain more mastery, providing more concrete and specific instructions with youngest and less explicit, less concrete and more verbal at the end of the second year. On the contrary, parent's of down syndrome children request, even at earlier ages, a self-governing action. The discussion closely examines the implications of influence of characteristics of down syndrome children on parental scaffolding
Ricaud-Droisy, Hélène. "Éducation familiale et socialisation du jeune enfant : influence de l'implication différenciée du couple parental sur les modalités de résolution des conflits interpersonnels des enfants de 3 à 5 ans en milieu scolaire." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20012.
Full textThe object of our study is to analyse the influence of the familial education on the young child's socialization. Our plan of research aims to explain how the parental differentiated implication can influence the subjectification process and the social integration of the child and particularly how the interpersonal conflicts can be resolved. In that way, we have built an investigative questionnaire in order to select the parental groups. Our study's sample is composed of 34 children. Regarding the socialization process (subjectification and social integration), the variable to explain is tested through videotaped observations, and interviews. Therefore, children whose parents are implicated and differentiated parents are able to make the difference between their aim and any else one. They also seem to be able to measure the impact of a conflictual situation. While playing, they have less conflictual interactions, less aggressive interactions, and more affiliative interactions than the other children. When those children are engaged in a conflict, they prefer the compromise to solve it. When they talk about conflictual interactions, children say they can explain their point of view to their peers, and accept different opinions without engage rapidly themselves in a conflictual episode. This can be noticed because children do not use words relating to aggression. As a conclusion, those results mean that the parental differentiated implication has an influence positively the young child's social development, especially on the ways of conflict resolution with his peers
Kounakou, Komi. "Littératie médiatique et petite enfance. Appropriation de contenus audiovisuels par des jeunes enfants non-lisants et sourds." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00761617.
Full textLaliberté, Daniel. "Le catéchuménat, un modèle inspirateur pour l'initiation chrétienne des plus jeunes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25347/25347.pdf.
Full textThe Catholic Church states that any Christian initiation should take as a model the process proposed for adults : the catechumenate. This thesis first situates the issue of Christian initiation in Québec today. It proposes an analysis of the different concepts involved, including the concept of “model”. Then, going through the history of the catechumenate in order to show the links between the main principles of the catechumenate of the first centuries and those that guided its restoration by the Second Vatican Council, it underlines the essential elements of a catechumenal process, and thus what should be present in every initiation process. A sociological reflection follows, examining the admissibility within today’s socioreligious context, of a new Christian initiation process. This leads to the formulation of some propositions concerning the global structure and the guiding principles of a renewed process for Christian initiation that would be clearly inspired by the essential elements of the catechumenate.
Frechon, Isabelle. "Insertion sociale et familiale de jeunes femmes anciennement placées en foyer socio-éducatif." Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00989328.
Full textSanchez, Ovando Margarita. "Ressources éducatives dans l'éducation thérapeutique du jeune patient atteint de maladie chronique." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H012.
Full textToday in France, a large number of children and youngsters are still suffering from chronic diseases. However, these diseases can be kept in check by health care specialists provided a good relationship is established between the young patients and these specialists through therapeutic education. For the past few years, nursing teams have using regularly a number of resources such as games, toys, activities and documents. We've carried out a national survey, among 108 nursing teams looking after young patients aged between 4 and 12 suffering from asthma, diabetes, hemophilia. Questionnaires have been sent out to hospitals, patients associations and cure centers. In each case, we have tried to identify their educational resources. The results of in-depth interviews with 2 leading specialists in the field of health care and educational sciences have been added to our research. We propose a topology of educational resources for the therapeutic education of young patients
Séguillon, Didier. "De la gymnastique Amorosienne au sport silencieux : le corps du jeune sourd entre orthopédie et intégration ou l'histoire d'une éducation "à corps et à cri" - 1822-1937." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28554.
Full textMorsa, Maxime. "Éducation thérapeutique au changement de rôles. Proposition d'un modèle pour favoriser la transition pédiatrie-soins adultes des jeunes vivant avec une maladie chronique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD059.
Full textTransition from pediatric to adult care concerns a growing number of young people living with chronic illness. Although patient education is recommended to promote this transition, one particular model has not generated consensus. In a literature review, we have shown that research focuses on organizational issues and / or deals mainly with transition in a biomedical perspective. The perceived experience of young people during this period has been little explored. We then conducted a qualitative study of young people with various chronic diseases to better understand their educational needs, using developmental psychology and an educational skills approach. The interviews with young people have brought out a series of new roles that they have to embody during the transition, involving learning that would benefit from being more supported by the health care system. Ideas for educational strategies that promote youth learning have also emerged. This study allowed us to propose a specific patient education model for transition. The feasibility and acceptability of this model proposal was then assessed through three focus groups of healthcare providers and two focus groups with parents of youth in transition. All these results led us to propose a model of patient education to the change of roles
Amerijckx, Gaëlle. "Le bien-être des jeunes enfants. Problématisation de la notion et étude socio-écologique au sein d'institutions socio-éducatives." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/218961.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de la santé Publique
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Vallée, Tocqueville Mélanie. "L'intégration des jeunes enfants en situation de handicap dans les crèches et haltes garderies seino-marines : pour une philosophie de l'alter ego." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL031.
Full textRahmani-Sofyane, Saâdia. "L'immigration et ses répercussions sur la relation parents/enfants : "le cas des parents maghrébins et de leurs filles"." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080986.
Full textThe first part of this study is deveted to a theoretical frame work which consists of the analysis of main concepts and develops the values and the traditional way of life in north africa. There is a focus on the status of the woman in this society marked with arab and musulman traditions thourgh her life from the aerly childhood to marriage. The second part deals with the way of life of immigrants from the maghreb and the relation ship between parents and children within the context of immigration. This takes into account the way of life of young girls between two cultures; french and north africain. In the third part which is mainly pratical, i try to check my hypothesis and analyse the interviews done with young grils to bring out the link between traditional practices related to their native origin in a western frame and the inadapted behaviour of the north african young gilr. My research includes also an image of adolescent girls. This image includes at the same time a bodily diagram and a psychological aspect. Al last, i find it necessary to reserve a chapter to the body of women in islam and arab and muslum traditions
Najjar, Noha. "L’impact de l’usage des Tice sur l’apprentissage des enfants et jeunes dyslexiques, dysorthographiques et dyscalculiques : l'autonomie et l'estime de soi." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20121/document.
Full textWhat do we know today about the use of information and communications technology by children with special educational needs? For what purpose are they using digital technologies and how often? Is it limited to their school work or extended to their social environment too? And what effect will have these digital practices on their school performances, self-esteem and autonomy to learning? The rate of handicapped people enrolled students is increasing more and more every year since the law of 11 February 2005 in France. This fact, undoubtedly, pushed the school to question its educational and pedagogical modes and operating system. Assuming trainability and conceptualization capabilities for any learner, it is less concerned now about cognitive, sensory or mental disabilities rather than on the conditions of creating an enabled environment to make learning possible. The impact of learning disabilities depends largely on the quality of the scholar environment, and on the educational and pedagogical mediations which a learner will benefit in his life course. Devices and enrollment assistance tailored to the needs of these young people have been set up. Among these devices, the information and communication technology (ICT) which are as personalized and effective solutions to special educational needs, enabling learners to follow a normal and independent schooling. In this framework the computer's specific contribution to learning has already been showed. Few are the research that has treated the topic of ICT as part of special education. In our research, we are interested in identifying and describing the digital use of young people with special educational needs, particularly those who have specific learning disorders (SLD) and to demonstrate and measure the impact of this use on self-esteem and autonomy to learning. Our research will show how the use of ICT can enable children and young people with special educational needs to develop an autonomous and effective learning practice
ما الذي نعرفه اليوم عن استخدامات تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات من قبل الأطفال والشباب ذوي الاحتياجات التعليمية الخاصة؟ لأي غرض يستخدمونها وبأي كثرة؟ هل تنحصر استخداماتهم على البيئة المدرسية أم انها تمتد أيضاً الى محيطهم العائلي والإجتماعي أيضاً؟ وما هو تأثير هذه الممارسات الرقمية على الأداء المدرسي، ومستوى الإستقلالية في التعلم وصورة الذات؟ معدل الطلاب ذوي الإحتياجات الخاصة الذين يتبعون منهاجاً مدرسياً عاماً في تزايد مستمر كل عام منذ إقرار قانون 11 فبراير2005 في فرنسا. الأمر الذي يشكل تحدياً كبيراً للمدرسة التي تجد نفسها مرغمة على إعادة النظر بوسائلها التربوية والتعليمية ونظام التدريس فيها. انطلاقاً من فرضية إمكانية التعلم لدى جميع الأفراد استناداً الى قدراتهم وطاقاتهم، لم تعد الإعاقات تسبب مشكلة وإنما المحيط المدرسي الي ينبغي عليه أن يخلق بيئات مسهلة للتعلم. إن نوعية البيئة التعليمية لها الأثر الاكبر على قدرة المتعلم على التعلم وعلى هذه الاخيرة ان تعزز قدراته وتنميها ليصبح التعلم ممكناً. لذلك تم تخصيص مساعدات إنسانية وتقنية مساعدة وفقا لاحتياجات هؤلاء الطلاب. وتلقى تقنيات الاتصال والمعلومات التربوية ترحيباً واسعاً من قبل المختصين التي يرونها فعالة ومساندة لاحتياجات الطلاب التعليمية الخاصة، والتي تمكنهم من متابعة التعليم العادي بشكل فعال ومستقل. في هذا الإطار نشير الى أن مساهمة الكمبيوتر في هذا الغطار قد تم دراسته. قليلة هي البحوث التي عالجت موضوع تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات كجزء من التعليم الخاص. ولذلك سنهتم في بحثنا هذا، الى دراسة ووصف الاستخدام الرقمي من قبل المتعلمين ذوي الاحتياجات التعليمية الخاصة، ولا سيما أولئك الذين يعانون من مشاكل التعليم الخاصة. كما سنعمد الى إثبات وقياس أثر هذا استخدام على كل من مستوى تقدير الذات والاستقلالية في التعلم. ستظهر دراستنا الحالية، كيف أن استخدام تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات الرقمية تساعد في تعلم هذه الفئة من الطلاب بطريقة فعالة ومستقلة
Brémand, Nathalie. "Les socialistes et l’enfance au XIXe siècle (1830-1870)." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040163.
Full textDuring the period 1830-1870, French socialists represented children as innocent and pure beings who were victims of the society of that era. Children were for them a source of immense hope, since they were seen as the emerging generation that would transform society. The socialists’ conception of the ideal society attributed a special status to childhood. They saw it as a period that was divided into a number of specific age groups, and they accorded children an individualized place in both private and public space. They advocated, and indeed deemed indispensable, the protection of children by the community, and they supported the founding of new institutions designed for juveniles. They redefined the child’s place in society, re-examining educational relationships, reallocating roles within the family, and in some cases placing children on equal terms with adults. In the experiments they carried out – colonies, communities, associations – the children’s moral education was a priority, since youth was expected to play a fundamental role in social change. In most cases, children were separated from their parents, trained to assimilate the values embodied in the new forms of social organization, and expected to transmit them later to the adults. By disseminating their ideas and applying them through social experiments, “utopian” socialists played a part in the change in attitudes towards children that was exhibited throughout the nineteenth century. To a certain extent they contributed to the evolution toward a modern conception of the child’s status in society
Lansade, Godefroy. "La vision des inclus : ethnographie d'un dispositif d'inclusion scolaire à destination d'adolescents et jeunes adultes désignés handicapés mentaux." Paris, EHESS, 2016. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01408175v2.
Full textBased on a 3-year long ethnographic investigation as well as an extensive teaching career, this study attempts to both give an account and question the schooling of “mentally disabled” teenagers and young adults aged 16 to 20 in vocational secondary schools. From their own perspectives - and having adopted a low-standard approach, I strived to understand the way they experience their inclusion in the ULIS scheme (Localized Units for Inclusion). With particular attention to the configuration of their inclusive education, i could account for and put into question the socio-educational impacts of a public policy for inclusive education “in the making” of which they are the center. From the corpus and my analysis of the connection these teenagers and young adults have with the educational system whether they fit in or oppose it, their projects, their choices and the way they interact with others and see themselves, I demonstrate that they wonder about their high school life and question what is generally said about them and how they are perceived. This research shows that these students do have a clear vision of their experience and understand the paradoxes at the core of the ULIS scheme. I also focus on the objective social and institutional constraints weighing heavily on their school trajectories. A better understanding doesn’t necessarily imply a better action. Still, it is essential to listen to these socially invisible youngsters so as to empower them as people able to express their difficulties and make their own choices
Hejazi, Moughari Elaheh. "Compétence sociale, attitudes et pratiques éducatives parentales chez le jeune enfant." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100104.
Full textThe relations among the patterns of child-rearing practices and children's peer relations and social competence in the classeroom were examined in a sample of 40 preschool children from a middle-classe. The subjects reside in a same district in Montpellier. The patterns of child rearing practices were assessed during a semi structured interview with each child's parent. The interview est divided into 2 sections: the first on attitudes and the second on practices. The parental attitudes were compared to parental behaviors and 3 systems of child rearing practices were contrasted; rigid, souple, discordant. Social competence was assessed via: teacher judgments, peer relation during a structured observation. By comparaison with the children of system rigid, and discordant, the children of system souple are higher on the peer affiliation the social participation and are viewed by teachers as much competent as other children. The children of system discordant are lowest in peer relation aggressives, withdrown and neglected by their peers and have low score for teacher rankings of social competence. The effects of system rigid on social competence are varying in accordance with age and sex of child
Huctin, Jean-Michel. "Maltraitance et bientraitance des jeunes au Groenland : de l'éducation traditionnelle inuit (XVIIe-XXe siècles) à l'actuelle maison d'enfants d'Uummannaq." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC080.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is an anthropological study of Inuit child maltreatment and well treatment (bientraitance in French) in families and in residential care, mainly in Greenland. Child neglect and abuse including physical, psychological and sexual violence are sensitive and long-overlooked subjects, and the fight against them has become one of the toughest challenges in today's Greenland, even though child rearing traditions are characterized by a great affection for children. The ethno-historic first part of the thesis reveals the well treating practices of the Inuit traditional education from the 17th to the 20th century, similar in Alaska, Canada and Greenland. The second part, also ethno-historic and circumpolar, shows that ancient communities were aware of maltreatment. It was sporadic and mainly due to the demands of Arctic survival. The third part offers an "anthropological epidemiology" explaining the current forms of maltreatment in Greenland that have become endemic despite improved living conditions and treatment. The fourth part presents a decade-long ethnographic case-study of a Greenlandic residential care renowned for well treatment : the Children's Home of Uummannaq (northwest). The home's therapeutic and educational activities (based on local or cross-cultural resources) foster self-esteem and resilience of youth placed out of home, by involving a supportive family and community environment with multiple socializing experiences developing their personality, their cultural identity and preparing their future. The study of adult former residents reveals gratitude to the home and the importance of maintaining contact to help them become autonomous
Bergeron-Morin, Lisandre. "Soutien du développement langagier des enfants en service de garde éducatif : mise en œuvre et analyse d'un dispositif de développement professionnel incluant une modalité de cointervention orthophoniste/éducatrice." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68402.
Full textThere is a consensus on the importance of supporting children’s language development while in early childhood education and care (ECEC). However, it appears that, despite a better knowledge of the best practices to support language development in ECEC, their use remains insufficient in many settings, hence the importance of focusing on the professional development of educators. The first objective of this doctoral project was therefore to design and implement a professional development initiative, attended, in this exploratory phase, by four early childhood educators in Quebec childcare centres (CPE) serving children from socioeconomically vulnerable backgrounds. The professional development initiative, spread over a three-month period, consisted of a three-hour training, six cointervention sessions with a speech-language pathology and educators, each followed by a feedback session, and periods of reinvestment in the educator’s daily life. The second objective of the thesis was to document the implementation of this initiative in order to understand the experience of educators during the professional development process. Finally, the third objective was to study the impact of the initiative, taking into account antecedents and moderating factors, on: (a) the new knowledge and skills mobilized by educators; and (b) their language development support practices. In line with these three objectives, a fourth objective is pursued, to describe the language development support practices used by the four educators. Three articles stemmed from the doctoral project and addressed each of these objectives. For the first article, a qualitative framework was used, which included thematic analyses of three semi-structured interviews with educators and of the feedback sessions between educators and the speech-language pathologist. Based on the educators’ experience, this article describes the issues related to their participation in the professional development initiative and their commitment to a process of transforming their practices to support language development of the children. In the second article, a single-case repeated-measure design was used to detail, for each educator, the evolution of their use of language development support practices during the process. Twelve video segments of interactions between the educator and the children in her group were analyzed, for each educator, using an observation grid, Grille d’observation des pratiques de soutien de la communication, du langage et de l’éveil à l’écrit (CLÉÉ). The results of this article showed changes in only two of the documented practices, namely emphasis on particular words and use of decontextualized language. Little change was observed over the course of the sessions in the frequency of use of the others practices by the four educators. Nevertheless, distinct patterns emerged in the use of the practices for each of them. These results allow to examine some explanations for these results and show the importance of continuing to develop ways to individualize professional development approaches. Using a mixed design, the third article integrated the quantitative and qualitative data collected into a professional development evaluation logic model developed by Coldwell and Simkins (2011). More specifically, this article analyzed the intermediate outcomes of the initiative, namely, educators’ reactions, new knowledge and skills mobilized, and perceived and observed changes in the use of language development support practices in their daily work with children. The results of this article show that the verbalized new knowledge includes a better understanding of the conditions that facilitate the use of language development support practices. The article also highlights some of the challenges inherent in actualizing practices in their daily lives, including the balance that must be sought between enriching and nurturing conversations and listening and pausing to provide opportunities for children to take the initiative in exchanges. The findings of this thesis as a whole make it possible to formulate recommendations, in terms of professional development modalities and objectives, that could be reinvested in future evaluation of such a professional development initiative. The results of the thesis also make it possible to integrate, in practice and research, new avenues for exploration and reflection on supporting language development in ECEC and professional development in this regard
Leboeuf, Michele. "Pratiques de communication parent-éducatrice et soutien à la parentalité : étude de cas exploratoire en centre de la petite enfance." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25928.
Full textLuc, Jean-Noël. "L'invention du jeune enfant au XIXe siècle : de la salle d'asile à l'école maternelle (1826-1887)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010692.
Full textBeginning at the end of the restoration, associations, municipalities, and congregations opened infant schools to accommodate and educate children from two six years of age. The first stage in substituting universal preschooling for familial or private child care, the infant school enrolled, in 1881, 20% of the targeted public in 5500 institutions. Its founders did not want only to free the feminine labor-force for work outside the home and to ensure a second income for working-class families : in the name of an ambitious pedagogical project, they refised the traditional day nurseries, and proposed to welcome the neglected young children of the middle class. They acted according to an optimistic representation of the "seconde enfance", a name by which doctors distinguished the period that separates weaning or the first teething from the age of reason. These pioneers belonged to cultured circles that discovered, more or less by empirical means, the intellectual aptitudes and needs of the alert, curious, and talkative youngster they asserted the child's right - as a holder of special familial prerogativesto receive an appropriate education, in a particular building, and under the direction of a specialized staff. Henceforth, in architecture, pedagogy, and municipal management, the child of between twp and six years was distinguished both from nurslings and from elementary-school students. Born of a particular interest in this period of life, the infant school contributed to making its specificity recognized
Askar, Mansour. "L'influence de la télévision et de l'Internet sur les jeunes des Emirats Arabes Unis." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUEL417.
Full textThis study about the influence of television and internet on the young people of United Arab Emirates refers to a specially problematic social reality with regard to young generation's future, now subject to this new induced social planning. This situation is not without remembering us of some particular cases in the society living in a violent social transition with a loss of references inherent in this type of transition. All along our study we of course refered to some authors as well as some theories
Bailly, Brigitte. "Heranzas ou la création d'une école de cirque pour, avec et par les enfants et les jeunes de Cali, Colombie : une histoire d'héritages, d'inventions et d'errances." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010547.
Full textAnton, Philippon Alice. "L'accrochage scolaire des jeunes confiés à une famille d'accueil : une réussite atypique au regard des parcours de vie." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2005/document.
Full textFew research works have focussed on the academic achievement of children in foster care families. When the issue is investigated, it is mainly through the analysis of school difficulties and academic underachievement but rarely through academic success although some foster care children manage to do well at school and to carry on studying until they reach the equivalent of at least A-levels. To understand the underlying reasons behind this success, we will explore the question of corporate parenting in foster families, and how this new environment that is “offered” to the child can redistribute the cards of social determinism. Based on the analysis of forty face-to-face interviews with children who were in foster care, we identify some protective factors that will enable them to persevere in school despite adverse life conditions. We study the relationships between foster care children, their foster families, and their social workers, particularly with regards to the way they approach education. The foster care system in some instances allows children to develop strong bonds with an emotional figure, in the eyes of whom education is important, which seems to influence the academic trajectory of children in foster care
Lefèvre, Laurence. "Travailler en crèche et accueillir un spectacle : vers une approche pédagogique des interventions artistiques auprès des jeunes enfants." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100121.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the use, by early childhood professionals working in establishment proving care for young children, of artistic intervention such as performing arts. Its inscription in a professional context is double. The first one takes into account the last legal reforms and financial constraints. Both participate to increase the use of an instrumental rationality inside these institutions leading to a reconfiguration of professionals’ identities. The second one highlights the different characteristics of such a work which requires many repetitive acts with a need of both emotional and subjective implication. References of the theory of care can therefore be useful.The epistemological framework of this research leans on the School of Chicago’s historical background, which mean that early childhood professionals are considered as actors.Different sets of data were collected. The first one was a compilation and analysis of early childhood specialized press. The second one was semi-structured interviews with experts of early childhood, arts and political institutions. The last one was an immersion inside a collaborative crèche, during the day of the performance of a contemporary dance show. Two interviews, one before the performance and another a month after, were conducted with three professionals of the crèche.This PhD thesis highlights that performing arts are also addressed to professionals of crèche. It shows how the posture of being a spectator is built by these professionals. It gives an understanding on the relationship between artists and professionals. It is thought by taking into account different parameters that can constitute brakes in this relationship as well as considering the valorization of the everyday life of young children
Mathiot, Louis. "L'alimentation des enfants : un observatoire des cultures enfantines et des rapports intergénérationnels." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG038.
Full textThis PhD proposes to study children’s cultures and intergenerational relationships by observing foodconsumption. Children’s practices with food, their representations as well as those of their parents on their consumption of food are considered as an observatory of relationships between children and between adults and younger. Developing a qualitative methodology, it is given its rightful place to the children discourses (aged 4 to 12 years) and those of their parents to explore the dynamics of intra and intergenerational relationships. At the intersection of sociology of childhood and food, this work focuses on analyzing the construction of children’s cultures and of belongings to different age groups. It also questions the effects of social norms and educational patterns regulating children consumption of food. Gender relations, social origins and spaces of residence are important factors that influence these logics. Transversely, this research is an opportunity to examine the social place of the child in contemporary Western societies
Pradelle, Michel. "Etude diachronique de l'intégration scolaire du jeune déficient visuel : le fait villeurbannais (1890-1990)." Lyon 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO20020.
Full textHow a visually impaired child is to-day in situation to be accepted in normal schools, in class-rooms for normal children. This problematic is going through a diachronic trajectory following a marginal logic (1790-1990). Four "fractals" lines (cf. B. Mandelbrot, "Les objects fractals" & M. Serres, "Hermes v") are set up, allowing to analyse this diachronic trajectory: 1 - the educability of the blind child; 2 - the social integration of the visually impaired child. All that allows the installation of special educative institutions at a regional level: Lyon-Villeurbanne for exemple (1890-1990). 3 - importance and evolution of the teacher's judgment (specially the instution managers) about the visually impaired child. 4 - so, all possible prosthesis must be intervening to make up the handicap: braille writing, white cane, computer scientist's discoveries. The basic prosthesis seems to be still the special institution. These four "fractal" lines allow then the installation of an ideologie of absolute integration which seems somewhat dangerous for certain children few capables of confronting this kind of situation
Almeida, Amakoe d'. "Le référentiel dans la littérature pour enfants en Afrique noire francophone 1990-2000." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040021.
Full textOur research can be divided into three parts whose common purpose is to define the weight of liteature for children as a whole, and especially of african child literature. The opening part called "Analytical approach to literature for children "sets out to show the beginnings of that particular litérature, through a diachronic analysis. Such a literature has its roots rased in oral sources (folhlore), identification criteria with the problems thus raised regarding literature and finally the present dimension of this literature in back french-speaking Africa. The second part has been devoted to the theme of the referential which had led us to demonstrate the philosophy which lies under the writing of these texts. Thus in the third part we have been induced to state that, along with the different aspects of the referential, books actually open out on to the blackafricanworld. Those are real spaces of initiation the African young reader will enter so as to get a better understanding of the world around him and in order to achieve his integration
Boudaya, Olfa. "Parents indignes et enfants en danger : profils et destins des enfants moralement abandonnés de la Seine (1881-1914)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040041.
Full textTo take care of minors of both sexes beyond the common forms of socialization (family, school and vocational apprenticeship), public assistance in Paris created, in 1881, the service of children in moral danger following the philanthropy patronage of popular milieu adolescents. Arrested for vagrancy, begging, stealing, prostitution, these victims/offenders are led to correction centres. Conceived by justice/assistance cooperation, the administrative patronage introduced preventive education for children placed voluntarily by their parents and educable justice juveniles. The profiles of these minors indicate precariousness within families and educational deficiencies or parental abuse and juvenile deviance. In order to guarantee removal and re-education of abused or young in moral danger, the 1889 law allows the courts to deprive the unworthy parents from their parental authority and organize the administrative guardianship after divestiture. Becoming wards of the assistance, these children fall within the foster, professional or industrial placement. This normative framework argues for social integration devices (family, discipline, work, and thrifts) while vocational, preservation or reform schools provide special education respectively for disciplined, difficult or vicious wards. When they grow up, pupils are destined to domesticity as servants or local activities, although, some of them succeed to achieve a promising professional career. Facing integration difficulties and frustrations, the link of guardianship may be broken before the majority either by adolescents and young escape, by parent’s removal requests or by exclusion for delinquency
Auger, Marie. "Interaction de l'éducatrice avec les enfants et qualité éducative dans les services de garde en milieu familial : analyse des variables en jeu dans une perspective écologique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24440/24440.pdf.
Full textSchmitz, Theresa Maria Karolin. "L'opéra pour enfants. : une étude interdisciplinaire de la création musicale à destination de l'enfant-spectateur." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0104.
Full textThe present research aims to evaluate the world of children's opera: what meaning do music productions for young audiences have for opera houses, for contemporary music "and for children's lives? First, a comparative analysis focusing on existing practices aims to describe the children's opera world in Europe, as well as to outline socio-cultural and political circumstances which led to this specific form of the operatic genre: productions for young audiences. A confrontation of theories developed by the new sociology of childhood, the phenomena of cultural democratization, and the discourse of the opera houses themselves reveals the artistic, pedagogic and socio-political meaning of children's operas. A rnusicological analysis of 7 children's operas premiered from 2001 to 2011 outlines the central question of the genre: are there any differences in composing and staging for children as compared to a general audience? This second part of the thesis presents some of the key features of children's operas. Finally, several ethnographies look at the experience of more than 600 children aged 4 to 12 when faced with these 7 operas. The collected data is analyzed by considering children's worlds and cultures in Western Europe (Germany, Austria, Italy, France and UK). To conclude, these ethnographies show that operas for young audiences are a positive experience for children. This is why they generally welcome a genre (opera) and a type of music (contemporary art music) which typically suffers from negative stereotypes. Thus, children's operas become a playful ambassador, innovative and non-conventional, of the opera genre
Houadfi, Saïda. "Éducation, protection et contrôle de la jeunesse : contribution à une sociologie des professionnel-le-s de la prise en charge socio-judiciaire." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A009.
Full text"It is our gaze that often encloses others in their closest sense of belonging, and it is also our gaze that can liberate them."Amin Maalouf, In the Name of Identity: violence and the need to belong, 1998 It is no exaggeration to say that these last three decades have seen a juxtaposition of measures supposed to respond to juvenile delinquency: this thesis is a reflection on the treatment of this issue by some of social chain’s actors, on the conception and the configuration of juvenile justice, in its civil and penal aspects. It is based on the way in which education professionals, in particular, determine and preside over the institutional choices of response to this eminently social and undoubtedly political issue. If the criminal law has specific features according to age, it is supposed to be blind to sex, gender and ethnicity. Indeed, in its conception as an institution but especially as an ideal, justice aims at overcoming arbitrariness. Through the institutions responsible for its implementation, through their actors or their acts by which youth control is carried out, the law is, however, not impervious to either the patriarchal system or to ethnicity. Even though they show a patent will/wish for equality, the practices and discourses of the actors attest to a differentiated implementation, according to the representations conveyed and carried on this or that identity marker, giving the application of these protection or punishment policies, gender or ethnic hues that can overlap or even be intertwined. As they teach educational standards to minors under legal supervision, the professionals participate in the perpetuation of social representations: the institutional (re) production mechanisms of subcategories indicate a clear difference between the treatment of boys and girls. Moreover, they reveal the tensions sustained between the injunction to individualized answers and the difficulty of going beyond the feminine / masculine dichotomy, which, in a way, fixes in a biological register the grids of analysis of teenagers’ behaviors. Indeed, if for the ones as for the others, it is a matter of correcting the failing processes of internalization of social standards and of training subjects to be responsible for their acts, the prism of gender reveals the laborious even impossible bet of individualization. It thus highlights a differentiated control of boys and girls, which for the former is developed from the act of delinquency but for the latter, is guided more by an idea or an ideology of femininity. Personal paths are consequently affected; when girls see their paths possibly reversible, boys are in a way “condemned to penalty”. It also offers, as a category of analysis, the opportunity to observe a gendered division of tasks between men and women at work. Finally, through intersectionality, the mobilization of the ethnic side connotes support and then draws a model of professional practices that demonstrate the difficulty of accompanying, in socialization processes, the formation of individuality and the emergence of a subject responsible for his or her actions. In order to make the educational relationship possible, what practices are adopted? What are the constraints for the actors? What room for maneuver is there and above all, what effects are induced on young people?
Urbain-Gauthier, Nadine. "Caractéristiques du profil développemental et des interactions des jeunes enfants agressifs : étude comparée des facteurs environnementaux, du tempérament, de la sensorialité et du jeu chez l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB250.
Full textExcessive aggression in young children is of major concern in the field of child mental health. They often disturb family and social life. The first aim of this study is to specify the clinical troubles and the developmental profile (temperament, language and psychomotor development) of 70 preschool children under 5 years referred for excessive physical aggression. The second aim is to define parenting characteristics and mother-child interactions and to articulate them with the children's developmental profile. The third aim is to compare these data with a typical population of the same age. The results show that 60 % of the clinical children (Average age = 3,5 years) present a disorder of the sensory processing. The clinical children show frequently concomitant sleeping disorders and delay of language. Their temperament is characterized by an important impulsiveness and difficulties of effortful control. Parenting is characterized by laxness, overreactivity and hostility. Children with excessive aggression evolve in disrupted mother-infant interactions from the youngest age. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the therapeutic interventions that may be designed to help these young children and their family
Garrigue, Abgrall Marie. "Présence du jeune enfant : événement philosophique, source de questionnement éthique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00504947.
Full textTrompat, François. "Comportements d'aides envers un jeune enfant en situation de résolution de problème sur ordinateur : définition d'un système d'aide intégré au didacticiel." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD820.
Full textMaiga, Bonaventure. "L'éducation du jeune enfant d'âge prescolaire au Mali." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR20029.
Full textIf the education of the preschool aged young children seems to be a necessity everywhere in mali, it's on the contrary in practice on it's decline. The moderne educative institutions day nursery, nursery school, etc. . . ) are unadequate and unable to assume the education of all the children. As for the large uninstitutionnal sector, in which almost all of the children of the country move, it responds less and less to all the real needs. A new approach asserts itself