Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éducation et État – Sénégal'
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Barro, Aboubacar Abdoulaye. "Politiques publiques, école et gestion du personnel enseignant dans l'éducation de base au Sénégal." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21539.
Full textLes Politiques d’ajustements structurels (PAS) des années 1970 et 1980 ont considérablement remis en cause le rôle de l’Etat dans la définition et la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques en Afrique post-indépendante. Ces réformes économiques ont eu pour objectif d’alléger le poids des dépenses publiques dans les secteurs clés comme l’éducation. Si ces politiques ont été considérées par beaucoup d’acteurs comme une remise en cause de la souveraineté des États du Tiers-monde, le contexte des années 1990 (explosion démographique, besoin de scolarisation universelle dans le secteur primaire) inaugure aussi une nouvelle ère dans le secteur primaire. Dans le cas du Sénégal, le rôle de l’Etat devient de plus en plus important avec le recrutement massif des volontaires de l’éducation (secteur primaire) à partir de 1995. Cette politique de recrutement massif d’enseignants (1200 par an à partir de 1995 et autour de 4000 par an depuis 2000) est un moyen efficace de contrôle du système éducatif par les pouvoirs publics sénégalais. Par ailleurs, les bailleurs de fond (Banque mondiale, FMI) adoptent depuis quelques années une nouvelle stratégie consistant à revaloriser le rôle de l’Etat surtout dans le système éducatif du fait que l’augmentation considérable du nombre d’intervenants (organismes bilatéraux, ONG, associations) rend de plus en plus nécessaire la coordination de tous les programmes
Touré, Djibril. "La scolarisation des enfants à besoins éducatifs particuliers au Sénégal." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2009/TOURE_Djibril_2009.pdf.
Full textThis study done among valid subjects, analyses how children with specific educative needs suffering from a motor deficiency are perceived. It also assesses the impact of the contact on social representation. Through comparison of the two different sets by the contact, the results show that valid subjects, before having an experience of a deficient child’s schooling, as equally for the first set “in contact” as for the second “without contact”, have a spontaneous knowledge of the motor deficient child and are not able to avoid a negative representation which is source of fear and sadness. After having experienced for two years the schooling of their motor deficient fellow in class, valid children of the first set, about this motor deficient child and his schooling, moved from the image of a thing exterior to them, of an object, to the image of a being, a subject : “he is a child like us but different”. They are favourable to schooling in an ordinary milieu. On the other hand, the children of the second group who do not have this experience still carry, consequently, a prejudice towards the motor deficient child and his schooling in ordinary milieu. This failure of recognition related to a lack of contact, leads the opinion of the valid children within the second set in favour of a schooling in a specialized school for a motor deficient child (which can be equivalent to rejection or exclusion formulated by : “ it is better elsewhere”). The only thing that separates the two sets, is really the knowledge acquired by experience, real-life experience, the sharing of their school time with a motor deficient child in their class
Sall, Tidiane. "Le Sénégal face à la question identitaire, de la décolonisation à la mondialisation : contenus d'enseignement et transformations sociétales." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070063.
Full textOur thesis is focused on senegalese identity seen by the schooling institution on one hand and by changes imposed by dynamics in the society on the other hand. In fact, the construction of common components determining a common national feeling, as quoted by Norbert Elias, is complicated by the socio-historical evolution of the numerous different legacies of the ethnic groups which constitute Senegal. The schooling institution is requested for the construction of a civic nation with a background of diversity and mobilization of different histories. The consequence is an ambivalent situation. Guardian figures are necessary as national references but in the same time their presentation can be seen as partial, as establishment of a hierarchy and therefore as repetitive histories concerning « petites patries ». Public policies are under the pressure of ethnicity, especially in the domain of language, territory and religious groups. The schooling institution can't be indifferent to these tensions even if societal dynamics are working to the building of « homo senegalensis. First, history textbooks, filled by revisited legacies of the past are analysed between 1960 and 2010 and secondly, can be showed the confrontation between the socialization by the school and by the family through the conceptions proposed in our sample of 340 students of the district of Thiès in order to present their nascent and shared ideas. More, those socializations are complicated by the glogalization which units the groupes, as showed by the conceptions of 140 students of grade 4 (3ème) and grade 12 (terminale) in secondary schools. Finally, as a result of our research, it seems that the plurality of identities is positive for senegalese citizens. The schools face the challenge to conciliate the promotion of education for all citizens in a civic nation and the fact of other fields of socialization more or less compatible with the aims of those institutions
Labrune-Badiane, Céline. "Processus de scolarisation en Casamance : rythme et logique (1860-1960)." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070052.
Full textThe analysis of the process of schooling in Casamance reveals the dynamic policies and social which bring gradually families to insert the institution in their social practices within the specific framework of the colonial context. The colonial state selected an elite by in particular attracting wire of chefs and notable in the schools. However, the social composition of the school public was rfom the beginning, at least for the boys, heterogeneous. During the colonial period, the school population growed and diversify though the regional disparites and sexual endured. The scale of the region makes it possible to apprehend and account for the diversity of the local, family or individual reactions to school. In Casamance, from the East to the West, the logics of schooling vary from a canton or a village a the other. To understand their complexity, we took into account dimensions political, economic and social local and total
Diouf, François Malik. "Les ressources numériques dans l'enseignement supérieur sénégalais : état des lieux et étude prospective." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL042/document.
Full textIt is in the context of poverty or information exclusion that the massive dissemination of information and technology tools in Senegalese academic libraries responds to an urgent need for transformation and improvement of operational modes as well as modernization of services for different audiences, in particular students. Currently, in almost all academic and research libraries of Senegal digitization activities that crossed the rise of the Internet are being developed. This has created a real increasing effect of digital resources, by the establishment of means of creation and by expansion of access and of sharing of scientific and technical information in higher education institutions. The development of information technology and communication - the true vectors of documentary practices among Senegalese academic libraries users – together with the growth of digital resources, will inevitably turn the traditional relationship between students and libraries upside down. The objective of this thesis is, therefore, to study the transformation of the librarians’ profession, information culture of students, and their use of digital resources, with regard to sociocultural, political, economic, and sociotechnical contexts of Senegal; and in the context of the information society under construction. Thus, through this study, a prospective analysis devoted to the development and the emergence of libraries can be constructed
Hugon, Clothilde. "(Re)penser Dieu à l'école au Sénégal : les politiques publiques face à l'éducation "arabo-islamique"." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0225/document.
Full textOver 40% of Senegal’s population is under 15 years old. Education is therefore one of the main priorities ofthe Senegalese State and international organisations. In parallel to the State-schools or “French” speakingschools, Islamic schools are an answer to social and religious demands asked by Senegalese parents. Theseeducation institutions are called daara (Qu’ranic schools), or écoles franco-arabes, and are mainly based onthe memorization of the Qu’ran and the transmission of Islamic values.This research will focus on the education policy’s trajectory, from its first formulation during the colonialperiod (1857-1940), its ambivalence during the formation of the postcolonial State (1950-1980), and the shiftfrom a social policy (1990s) to its integration in the sector of education in 2000. This type of school offer haslong been the object of debate and controversies. Indeed, actors from a variety of horizons and interests (bothfrom the public and private sectors) have taken part in this policy process. The Senegalese State musttherefore compose and negotiate with numerous actors (religious, international, associative, etc.), who have apower to influence the process of negotiation.Throughout the analysis, the reader will get an insight into the educational public policy’s structure, and willunderstand the asks of all actors and the actions (or non-actions) of others. Overall, this research provides ahistorical understanding of the transformation of the Senegalese society and its constant interaction with theState. On a wider scale, it also brings us to question the traditional relationship between political andreligious spheres
Kane, Mouhamadou Fadil. "Articulation de l'éducation coranique et de l'économie sociale et solidaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG037.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of Koranic schools or "daaras" in the social and solidary economy development in Senegal. It examines the problematic of the adaptability of their outgoing in the professional community and the current educational policies of Senegal. Our research focused essentially on the relationships of the economic dynamics and the offered formation to the youth in a dual educative system (French and Koranic schools). This is a meticulous study combined with the effective taking into account of socio-economic and socio-educational reality and the local needs
Coly, Auguste. "Les associations de parents d'élèves à travers l'histoire de l'éducation au Sénégal : pour une nouvelle définition de la politique éducative : Le cas de la Casamance." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0001/document.
Full textFor centuries education has constantly evoluted according to time and space. Through education any community or any society can hand down its acquired knowledge and its projects to children so that its survival and its development are assured.This study is an investigation into the involvement of the Pupils’ Parents’ Association (PPA) in the definition of educational policy in Senegal. In former times, parents were kept out but nowadays they have become key partnerships in the reflexion on the development of Education in Senegal.Three purposes are in the centre of this reflexion in order to show:- why it is a necessity to have a collaboration between school and family,- the evolution of the place and the part played by the Pupils’ Parents’ Associations in Senegal.- the identification of some methods and theories which can make the collaboration between school, community and family easier.A reallocation not only of responsibilities but also of power between State and Local actors in educational management seems to be one of the solutions in the implementation of a programme in the development of Education
Ndiaye, Ibrahima. "L'éducation musicale au Sénégal : enracinement et ouverture." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG034/document.
Full textAcademic music education is formalized in Senegal until 1976, with the intention of democratizing access to culture in the school. The goal is to train a Senegal citizen rooted in their own culture and open to the rest of the world. But the realization of this noble ambition almost failed due to an ‘’openness’’ that has overtaken the ‘’rooting’’. Because the pattern of musical education training for teachers is imitating the courses contents left by the French and based mainly on European classical music unknown by the Senegalese. What creates a voltage compared to the popular musical culture of students. In schools, nothing is provided for teaching this subject as for as the resources and educational tools are concerned. Music education teachers are also facing a problem report to the academic knowledge in a society of highly Islamized oral tradition with a caste system, where cultural and religious prejudices about the music. In this work, we study the Senegalese musical education in its socio-cultural, political, academic and economic aspects
Dione, Albert Kory. "La question religieuse dans les écoles publiques élémentaires et la modernisation des "daara" : enjeux et réalités. Quel modèle et quelle(s) vision(s) de la laicité au Sénégal ?" Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR147/document.
Full textFollowing international recommendations and with the aim of achieving universal primary-level education, the Government of Senegal, has undertaken a reform of its education system, starting in the school year 2002-2003. This includes : the introduction of religious education in state-funded primary schools, the creation of state-funded French-Arabic schools, the modernisation of daara Koranic schools and experimenting with the teaching of local language in state-funded primary. The consideration of religion in children's education through the education system is responding to repeated, strong demand by religious communities and a large section of the Senegalese population. This demand was formally expressed during the General Review of Education and Training held in 1981. Certain aspects of the reforms question the laicity model in use in Senegal - started as soon as the government changed after general elections. The question of the present dissertation is rooted in the recurring polemics and the dispute over interpretation of laicity that occurred between independence (1960) and the beginning of 2002. To address the research question, two objectives have been chosen : to examine the effects of the introduction of religious education in state-funded primary schools and the project of modernisation of Koranic schools, to analyse the model and different visions of laicity in Senegal. It is therefore a question of diagnosing the issues and challenges of the two reforms and using them as a framework for observation research into the model and different types of laicity in Senegal. Our methodology for this research is to use literature review, semi-directive interviews and analysis of speeches
Ly, Thierno. "Politiques éducatives, développement et compétences professionnelles des enseignants non titulaires et titulaires de français au Sénégal et en France." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3114/document.
Full textThe educational authorities in Senegal and France have integrated within their educational systems non qualified teachers of french. Therefore, it remains the problem of professional competence of those teachers who have not been trained before contrary to qualified teachers. Our research will consist on showing whether it is possible for them to develop professional competence within the job. To better conduct our research, we will use the comparative approach as methodology, basing on the idea that non-qualified teachers would develop effective professional competence within the practice as well as the qualified teachers. Thus, our task is to compare non-qualified teachers to qualified teachers who have been trained before practicing effectively. The latter have benefited from the "professional legitimacy" and are considered to be professional and competent. We aim also at seeing if their methodologies (ways of doing and acting) are similar, according to the idea of he genesis triplet. By the end of our work, we have adopted the idea according to which the non qualified and temporary teachers develop indeed professional competence within the practice similar to that of the qualified teachers, even though in France, the similarity is less important. Nonetheless, despite the initial training remains important, we have then recommended the continuous training (the follow up practice) and the validation of the experience achievements as means to make professional the non-qualified teachers
Buttarelli, Emilie. "Croissance et alimentation du jeune enfant (0-36 mois) en milieu urbain à Dakar (Sénégal)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5012.
Full textA population-based study about growth and feeding practices was conducted with a cluster sample of 1479 aged 0 to 36 months and their mother, in the urban area of Dakar (Senegal). In this urban area, two socioeconomic contrasted areas were selected : Medina zone, in the center of Dakar and Pikine zone, located at the city's doorstep. This study is organized around an anthropometric survey of healthy children and their mother and an extensive data collection (socioeconomic, socio-demographic, health and biological data). Questionnaires were addressed to the mothers and belong to the quantitative approach of growth and feeding practices among children. The aim of the qualitative approach by focus groups was to shed light on trends revealed by questionnaires analysis. Cross-sectional data extracted from a growth survey were used to determine the variation in the growth parameters due to sex, child's age or place of residence. Some minor differences could be observed between Pikine and Medina. Nutritional status (assessed by new WHO Growth Standards) decline as children are getting older. Among the two areas, malnutrition exists in different form but it's not area specific since the less-favoured area (Pikine) is not more affected by it. Nonetheless, there are common factors associated with malnutrition, which indicate the low economic impact. Birth-weight and maternal body mass index systematically belongs to the same and most explicative statistics models. The role of feeding practices (apprehended by food consumption) is not that important to explain malnutrition
Diouf, Mamadou. "Du rapport au métier enseignant : le cas des corps émergents dans l'enseignement élémentaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG005.
Full textSenegal is a developing country marked by very low budgetary resources and a rapid population growth (42.1% of the population are under 15 years) which indicates that a large primary school-aged population. To deal with this concern, state authorities have decided to recruit contractual teachers that would achieve Universal Primary Education (UPE-SPU). An economic policy implemented since 1995 has now become structural as being the only way to become a teacher at the elementary and secondary level. Therefore, classes teachers who are officials and contractual teachers are presently officiated at present in Senegalese elementary schools and do not benefit from the same recruitment method much less the same training (if any) and are two to three times lower paid.This work focuses on the type of new teachers and more particularly to the understanding of the relationship that binds them to the teaching profession they exercise under specific conditions. Our theoretical framework focus on the determinants of the relationship to work (status, social image, professional identity and the relationship to knowledge) and to study the case of contractual teachers through their job choice of, their academic and professional training and finally their representations of the teaching profession. A qualitative and interpretive research that is done in Mbacke, Diourbel whose particularity is to be Senegalese’s 3rd most populated region after the capital Dakar and Thiès, and yet the least educated in the country with a Gross Access Rate (GTR -TBA) 79.9% when it is near 113.0% nationally. This research is based on a socio historical milestone of the Senegalese education system coupled with an interpretation of semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 respondents composed of inspectors of education, principals, owners, contractors and parents
Makalou, Mamadou. "Recherche intitutionnelle et juridique sur le concept de gouvernance et son application au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0689.
Full textLo, Makhoudiaf. "Les aspects juridiques et politiques de l'investissement privé au Sénégal : génèse et informalité, état des lieux et perspectives." Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0886.
Full textMbow, Moussa. "Régulation médiatique et journalismes en Gambie et au Sénégal." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30030.
Full textMedia regulation often appears by the intervention of the authorities through laws and decrees which can in their turn institute mechanisms to direct, express or control the conduits of the actors. It can be also the result of partial or total disengagement of controlling. In this case, it is allocated to the professionals to set themselves the standards of control, one speaks then about self-regulation. This study makes an analysis of the methods of regulation practiced in two countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Senegal, where the system combines a heavy legal device with a stammering self-discipline. Gambia which particularizes itself by a regulation more or less refractory with freedom, not very inclined with change and an absence of mechanisms of self-regulation. In both cases, it appears that the disadvantage or the absence of a formalized self-regulation was often used as pretext by authorities to legislate or maintain provisions which seem contrary with the principles of freedom. The analysis adopted here is in perfect conformity with the interdisciplinary communication and information sciences. It is question of studying the theoretical principles by confronting them with the reality of the practices assumed with an interrogation on other related sectors as the political framework, the economic environment, etc. Thanks to the investigations and the discussions with the actors of the media, the approach is also empirical. It is also prospective, in what it highlights some limits of the tools and mechanisms of regulation while proposing solutions on the basis of practice observed elsewhere
Deme, Oumou Salam. "Technologies numériques et nouvelles pédagogies au Sénégal." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR2025.
Full textTechnological devices have reached such a growth thanks to easy access to information. Therefore citizen operating capacity of information needs to be developed. Problematic questions that arise can be summarized along five lines: Do Digital technologies support a different (another) perception of the teaching / learning in Senegal? The project for settling multimedia rooms may bring students to a more frequent use for research on internet (websites)? Do new types of learning push students to use more frequently ict to increase their performance while acquiring knowledge on behavior changes in the sciences and in the context of the efficiency of the learning? Is learning becoming more efficient? Do technological innovations bring new skills in learners?Our research is based on the results of surveys of 146 students in high school and fifty teachers from the Dakar region who are using computer, tablet or mobile phone as support for teaching / learning. To understand their perceptions with the contribution of different technologies, we will use their answers to cinq axes : : Use of a computer or PC , tablet or other online devices; interest of the use of digital technologies for teaching / learning; the places of use of digital technologies and at last, use of online courses both for learners and teachers and correspondence with teachers. These results will be subject to a qualitative analysis of the responses that will inform us about the contributions of digital technologies in the types of learning. Quantitative survey data will be treated with the Sphinx and EXCEL software
Huet-Gueye, Marie. "Représentation de l'éducation, du changement social et stratégies de scolarisation des enfants dans le contexte socioculturel du Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20036.
Full textThis study is in keeping with the socio-cultural context of Senegal, a society so-called “in development”, where tradition and modernity are opposed. This cultural disparity is taking a huge place in the educational system. The Koranic school, which is a traditional institution, is opposed to the “modern school”, a remainder of the French settlement. Since 1990, this type of school is compulsory for every Senegalese children between 6 and 12 years old. Actually, only two third of those children goes to the so–called “modern school”. Our purpose is, first, to show how society and social change's representations, combined to child and education's representations guide parents educative strategies and their choice of school attendance. Secondly, we will evaluate the place of the educative experience for the construction of the child's identity and for the creation of a singular attitude towards society and social change. This will be done by focusing on the education and social change's representations. Those representations have been apprehended during half directive talks, accomplished with forty subjects (parents and Senegalese children) and put in evidence by a lexicometric analyse (Alceste software) and some cases' studies. Results are showing that, either for parents and children, important changes concerning representations of the society and of the social change are linked to school attendance's methods : for parents, we observe identities strategies to avoid conflicts of specific codes, linked to their choice of school attendance. For children, identities and particular relations to society and to changes are linked to their educative experiences
Gomis, Pierre. "Scolarisation et promotion féminines au Sénégal : différenciation sexuelle et disparités sociales devant l'école." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10046.
Full textDiouf, Dally. "Education non formelle et développement : le cas du Sénégal." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010577.
Full textNonformal education plays a part together with the school system in a country where a lot of people are illiterate, like Senegal. Its influence works from the beginning to the end of the training process and is an extrasystem or often a substitute to education. It is a part of a lifelong education helps Senegal to develop. This country has difficulties to have its population attend school and to offer employment to its graduates. So unemployment is more and more obvious as far as the young people are concerned and is due to rural exodus and to the unefficiency of the labour market to absorb its graduates. They join groups which form and make up economic projects. They contribute to create enterprises. School crisis in Senegal is for the most part due to the inadaptability of the educational program which has not really chaged since colonisation. Twenty years after independance, the political authorities try to ask the population what is best for the educational system in creating the States general of education. Proposals have been made in order to be examined by specialists in the educational field. The national commission of the educational reforme and of training has been working for three years before drawing conclusions for a new school system. Senegal needs nonformal education to counterbalance the school system and reduce the rate of illiteracy. The associations play a very important part, notably the dynamic ones created by Senegales people working abroad. International associations are also important but most of them must adopt a specific trend which favours the active participation of the population the educational institutions in Senegal must adapt to the situation, revalorize the local technologies and help an endogene development
Ren, Chuan-Rong. "Les politiques d'éducation en France et en Europe : pertinence pour la Chine." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10007.
Full textAnalyze policies of education on the omnipresent technological development and the increasing interdependance of France and the European countries contribute the economic activity and to work our everday life. From where growing importance of the training to the length of the life. Up to what point did the countries progress in its implementation ? Who are the misfits and why they are it ? How the school could evolve to fill the existing variations ? These questions, and well others, are studied in this thesis. Policies of education in France or Europe : not only their utility but also their relevance for China. This thesis is based on the experiments acquired by France, the European countries and their actions of the policies of education
Kane, Ismaïla. "État et minorités religieuses: les représentations des catholiques au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33127.
Full textDiouf, Papa Ndiaye. ""Péripherie économique" et insertion socio-professionnelle des scolarisés : le cas de l'enseignement moyen général (EMG) dans la ville de Kaolack (Sénégal) de 1981 à 1984." Lyon 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO20009.
Full textPons, Xavier. "L'évaluation des politiques éducatives et ses professionnels : discours et méthodes (1958-2008)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0044.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the evaluation of education policies in France. During four years, we interviewed actors who, officially or not, are supposed to evaluate the functioning of the education system at the national level: central inspectors, statisticians of the education ministry, OECD* experts and social researchers in education. The research is based on different materials: 98 interviews, internal documentation, professional reviews, public studies and reports, archives and making of descriptive statistics. It analyses the reception of a new regulation tool (i. E. Evaluation) by professional groups which existed before it. Since the demand of evaluation by political leaders, and more generally by the actors of the education system, is not clear, these groups have transformed this regulation tool according to their professional interests. The research shows that the institutionalisation of evaluation is unachieved and that regulation through evaluation remains uncertain. It highlights that the concrete methods of these professional groups have not changed significantly since the eighties, even if their discourse about their own practices has changed. Thus the evolution of evaluation policy in France in the education sector can be regarded as the output of the competition between different professional groups who try to impose their own science of government. * Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Clairat, Olivier. "L’état des lieux de l’éducation face à ses enjeux en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Sénégal et de deux situations éducatives : l’école primaire du village de Diawar et l’association A.U.P.E.J., Actions Utiles Pour l’Enfance et la Jeunesse de la ville de Tivaouane." La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROF012.
Full textAchieving the Education for All has been, for about fifteen years, one of the priorities of the international community and a major issue to improve the social and economic situation of all the people living on this planet. Yet, at least one hundred million children do not attend a primary school in 2005. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region on the globe where the children education rates are the lowest, the number of giving-up the most important and where the girls have the greatest difficulties in continuing their studies. Senegal is no exception in this picture altough it is not right at the bottom of the scale. Recent progress even show that it starts to distinguish itself in Africa. For many years already, the teachers, youth workers and inhabitants of a village and of the district of a medium-size town have decide to take their educational situation in hand so as to offer their children an education of good quality. Their results are quite surprising since they have managed, for the former, to send every child of the village to school and for the latter, to develo numerous alternatives to school exclusion. Their educational experiences are not limited to teaching skills as they have an impact on life in their village and district. So far geography has not been much interested in education that’s why this work is triyng to give a geographical point of view upon a major social aspect of a contemporary African society : the Senegalese society
Sylla, Cheikh Sidou. "Analyse des stratégies d’apprentissage, des motifs d’engagement et des facteurs de démotivation en contexte d’autoformation : cas des instituteurs de Keur Massar." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/185720919#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textOn the contrary of their western colleagues, the Senegalese primary school teachers are not professionals in the functionalist sense of the word. They don't have a high level of qualification, their autonomy is very thin. Nevertheless the institution is waiting from them a dynamic of self training for developing their knowledges like in western. This research work aims in the first time to make an analytic description of the learning strategies they elaborate in a self training context. Identify and describe the reasons at the base is the second objective of this work. At the end, in a third part a description of the factors of demotivation in self training context will be analyse. The data used in this work were collected by the primary school teachers in the circonscription of Keur Massar in Dakar suburban. The results of this research and we hope it sincelery can help the institution to perform the system of service training for senegalese elementary teachers
Bellaguet, Alain. "Education et équité." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32000.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to study the relation between education and equity. The analysis first focuses on the theoretical foundations of education as a means to reduce inequalities, notably based on the different approaches to the concept of equity as the presentation of the theory of the human capital which links the level of education to wages. The second chapter, which concentrates on the empirical study of the effects of education on equity, permits more particularly to show the limits of the democratization of education. The second part of the thesis begins with the analysis of the non-economic factors related to differences in schooling. The aim is first to examine the possibly unequal distribution of abilities, which notably leads to the investigation of the controversial issue of what is innate and what is acquired. Then the theories alternative to the theory of the human capital are developed, according to which education does not bring something extra, but whose main function is to select (theories of the signal and theories of reproduction), or those which challenge the role of education in the formation of inequalities. Finally the last chapter presents, at an institutional level, the differents deadlocks and harmful side-effects the present educational system leads to, and then proposes as a possible solution to solve the problems of equity, the implementation of a policy of education vouchers
Moguerou, Laure. "Vouloir et pouvoir scolariser ses enfants : pratiques éducatives à Dakar (Sénégal) sous le prisme des inégalités sociales, familiales et de genre." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0040.
Full textThe evolutions of primary schooling in Dakar between 1990 and 2000 show that access to school and schooling paths depend more and more of parents decisions. Because school is compulsory only "within the means of the State", it relies on parents to put and keep their children in school. Stagnation of primary schooling in Dakar could be the sign of a partial reject of school by families. But then, how interpret the catch up of girls schooling rate ? The schooling strategies show that most people have trouble engaging in long term schooling and that they develop different expectations towards school based on the believed or real benefits of school certification. The fact that the schooling rate of girls is catching up on the one of boys reflects the improvement of girls' paths as well as the partial avoidance of school by boys. Boys seem to be even more tempted to quit the school system that their vision of social roles follow tradition and that school does not keep its promises anymore. Girls are staying longer, yet it is in the impatient wait of marriage. Finally, the school system in Dakar is opening to girls, but mainly because it is not anymore the sacred way of social success for boys, and not because of a reject of traditional gender roles
Sarr, Makhtar. ""Aller à l'école" : Croyance et mobilisation familiale en milieu populaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0198.
Full textIn Senegal, the Education system has gone through a lot of changes in the 90s. The access to education has become more democratic and no child was supposed to be left behind. Since then, the education system has been facing various challenges due to the enrolment of thousands of kids in suburbs and remote villages. However, two major challenges seem to weigh down on education for all policy. On the one hand, school supply is struggling to meet demand and, on the other hand, there is a mismatch between training and employment. This unprecedented picture of the Senegalese school is at the origin of the nagging question of school dropouts. This raises the problem of the differentiated relationship to school in working-class environments in Senegal. Though families try hard to make their children succeed at school, their difficult living conditions combined with the unsuccessful educational policies of the government don’t help much in coming over the issue of school dropouts. Therefore, the methodology of this study will be based on a monographic perspective and interviews with families, pupils, and teachers. The populations of Yeumbeul Sud, a suburb in Dakar, are targeted to quantify the relationship to school in workingclass environments through existing educational outreach strategies
LIMA, NAIRA DA COSTA MUYLAERT. "ÉDUCATION ET INÉGALITÉS SOCIALES: LEURS RELATIONS DANS L ÉTAT D ESPIRITO SANTO." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27650@1.
Full textCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Ce travail vise à contribuer au débat sur la question des inégalités scolaires, en utilisant les données de l évaluation longitudinale d alphabétisation (PAEBES-Alfa) dans l état de Espírito Santo. En utilisant une méthodologie qualitative et quantitative, l étude visait à examiner les inégalités des chances, traitement et connaissance. L inégalité des chances et de traitement ont été observés dans les différentes étapes de l éducation de base au Brésil et dans les États de la région du Sud-Est, selon différents caractéristiques des étudiants, comme la race, par exemple. L inégalité des savoirs a été étudiée longitudinalement à travers les données sur le pourcentage correct des questions des tests du PAEBES-Alfa. Enfin, grâce à une approche qualitative, la recherche a observé quatre écoles et 14 classes et a mené des entrevues avec les directeurs, les enseignants et les éducateurs, afin de mieux comprendre les données quantitatives présentées par des évaluations. Sont essentiellement deux les principaux résultats obtenus à partir de l application du modèle analyse basé sur le pourcentage de succès des éléments difficiles de lecture du PAEBES-Alfa, appliqué aux étudiants dans les trois premières années de l école élémentaire publique de l Etat du Espírito Santo. D une part ce modèle, après contrôle du niveau socioéconomique des étudiants, a montré que, dans le période correspondant au cycle de l alphabétisation, les différences de performances entre les classes diminuent entre la 1ère et la 3e année. D autre part, le travail a identifié les aspects du programme d études qui sont associés à des similitudes et des différences de résultats observés entre les classes de rendement élevé et faible, ce qui reflète l inégalité des connaissances. L adoption d une conception méthodologique mixte, pour lesquels ils ont été étudiés qualitativement quatre de ces écoles et leurs 14 classes de la troisième année de l école élémentaire, ont contribué pour comprendre les pratiques pédagogiques et scolaires qui favorisent ou non la qualité et l équité d apprentissage.
Este trabalho busca contribuir para o debate acerca do tema das desigualdades educacionais, por meio dos dados do PAEBES-Alfa – avaliação longitudinal da alfabetização do estado do Espírito Santo. Utilizando uma metodologia quali-quanti, o estudo teve como objetivo investigar as desigualdades de oportunidades, de tratamento e, principalmente, de conhecimento. As desigualdades de oportunidades e de tratamento foram observadas numa perspectiva macroanalítica e contextual, nas diferentes etapas da educação básica, no Brasil e nos estados da região Sudeste,segundo diferentes características dos alunos, como raça/cor e renda familiar per capita, e das escolas, como localidade e região. A desigualdade de conhecimento foi investigada de forma longitudinal por meio dos dados referentes ao percentual de acerto dos alunos nos testes da avaliação do PAEBES-Alfa. Por fim, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa observou quatro escolas e 14 salas de aula, e realizou entrevistas com seus diretores, pedagogos e professores, com a finalidade de melhor compreender os dados quantitativos apresentados pelas avaliações. São basicamente dois os principais resultados obtidos com a aplicação do modelo de análise baseado no percentual de acerto dos itens difíceis dos testes de Leitura do PAEBES-Alfa, aplicados aos alunos nos três primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental público do Estado do Espírito Santo. Por um lado este modelo, após o controle do nível socieoconômico dos alunos, permitiu constatar que, no caso da evolução geral da aprendizagem no período correspondente ao ciclo de alfabetização, as diferenças de desempenho entre as turmas diminuem entre o primeiro e o terceiro ano. Por outro lado, permitiu identificar aspectos do currículo que se associam às semelhanças e diferenças de resultados observadas entre as turmas de alto e baixo desempenho, refletindo uma desigualdade de conhecimento decorrente da falta de ensino e/ou de consolidação de habilidades básicas de leitura no período da alfabetização. A adoção de um desenho metodológico misto, pelo qual foram investigadas também qualitativamente quatro dessas escolas e suas 14 turmas do terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental, contibiuiu para o entendimento das práticas pedagógicas e escolares que favorecem ou não o crescimentos da aprendizagem dos alunos com maiior ou menor qualidade e equidade.
Babiker, Omer Abdelmagid. "La politique de l'enseignement au Soudan." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA022019.
Full textBarthélémy, Vincent. "Politiques d'éducation et croissance." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX24021.
Full textOrizet, Hélène. "Le service public de l'éducation nationale sous la troisième République." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3024.
Full textObservers of the French national education system could come to just one conclusion: it is a public service. However, its composite elements have never come under review. This study aims to do just that, by exploring its history and foundations. Our journey takes us back to the Third Republic, when the French national public education system was the subject of a political speech for the very first time. It was given by the Republicans, who wanted to show their audience that national education really did exist as a public service, while legal experts confirmed its existence without offering proof. It would appear, however, that the national public education system existed only through political and legal declarations, by which the authorities set out to create it, if only from an intellectual perspective. For its designers, the most important element was to make the beneficial, and therefore democratic, actions of the government tangible. And yet such an understanding is based on historical falsehoods. The positioning of the national education system as a public service conceals the administrative reality of the State as educator. This is because it was necessary to hide the social order production mechanisms, as well as power, in order to ensure a long life for the Republic. The discourse of the national public education service also legitimizes the right by which the administration of public Instruction is preserved. That means declaring the acquired fiduciary value of a reputed public service, as much as expressing the close relationship between ideology and the law
Ndiaye, Lamine. "La relation parenté / mort chez les Wolof du Sénégal : traces traditionnelles et état actuel des représentations." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1017.
Full textDiagne, Fatou. "Les enseignants, l'éducation à la sexualité et la prévention du SIDA au Sénégal : étude des déterminants de l'activité des professeurs d'économie familiale et sociale et des professeurs de sciences de la vie et de la terre." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20011.
Full textThe problems related to sexuality and HIV/AIDS infection constitute a major concern for most of the African countries. Among the strategies likely to be implemented, the challenge that these problems represent, education and prevention keep uu a specific position. The will to find material for an answer to the questions raised and the importance of education to sexuality account for the choice of such a subject, all the more as it is rare to find researches in that field. Our work deals with education and aids prevention in school environment in Senegal and is based on the contribution of the professionals of educational and health system. The final objective is to identify from interviews and methods of the redefinition of the task carried out by the teachers. It clearly appears the this redefinition is essentially characterized by the social status of sexuality. The results emphasize the interest shown by the teachers and the need for massive training
Sarr, Ibrahima. "La démocratie en débats : L'élection présidentielle de l'an 2000 dans la presse quotidienne sénégalaise : Sémiologie d'une communication du politique : Perspectives pour une éducation aux médias." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020016.
Full textTavares, Raymond. "L'éducation : ses objectifs d'élargissement et de consolidation de la capacité technologique nationale : étude analytique appliquée au cas du Sénégal." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010018.
Full textTo analyse the main causes of the bad Senegalese educational system, the author has maken a comparative study of the south korean, italian and spanish educational systems. They have the same basical structure. They have generalised the first level of education, the scientific, technical and vocational training, contrary of Senegal where the level of school enrolment is still low. The author has found also that the past Senegalese system of education are not integrated to the national socio-economic structures. He observes in an survey in four regions of Senegal that the national households choose other local kind of human capital accumulation. That is one of the main causes of the low level of enrolment in that country. To resolve that problem the author proposes a model of education promoting the basic education and also technical and vocational training. This model would increase the impact of the national educational system to the growth of national technological capability
Diop, Aladji Madior. "Éducation à la vie familiale et en matière de population : santé de la reproduction et enjeux démographiques à Saint-Louis du Sénégal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28730/28730.pdf.
Full textDa, Silva Pinhal Joao Manuel. "Les municipalités portugaises et l'éducation : treize ans d'interventions." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS009S.
Full textIn a context of a progressive local autonomy, the study of the role of the municipalities in education and training has won a major interest. During the period of the study, their role has included a few powers. In spite of that, their participation has exceeded the legal powers, searching to respond to the needs felt in the differents places. The general aims of the project were : knowing what this participation is like (surely different all along the country), what the modalities and the correspondent actions are, and what sort of organizative local supports are available ; knowing what the municipalities think about the extension of their powers in this matter and about the necessary relation between the partners who have interest in the education and people's training ; check the existing conditions which support the emergency of an educational local project, included in the local development process, in a context of a progressive decentralization of the educational system. The fieldwork was conducted in two phases : the first one consisting of questionnaires to all municipalities, and the second of a detailed study of the reality in nine municipalities. It has become clear that educational decentralization had only begun in Portugal. At the end of 2003, there were not local educational projects
Tidjanialou, Mahaman Sanoussi. "Les politiques de formation en Afrique francophone : école, État et sociétés au Niger." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D016.
Full textThe study of educational policies usually falls withinpuis la the scope of some other discipline than political science. But a recent renewal of interest in policies has opened new perspectives in the former domain. Henceforth, it becomes possible to shed new light on certain areas of study which up to now were considered beyond the field of investigation of political science. The study of educational policies can therefore be viewed as an aspect of research on the state in action. In this case it is a matter of educational activity and its interaction with the societies involded. Educational policies have therefore not been considered in themselves, but rather with an aim at identifying the social powers that produce then, the ideology they transmit, the knowledge they diffuse and the consequences they entail within the society. Thus, our major concern is neither to evaluate nor to he society. Legitimate the performance of the state of niger, but rather to present other dimensions of a clearly defined aspect of state formation inesent niger since the colonial era
Oyama, Seiko. "Politiques éducatives différentielles entre pluralisme culturel et intégration : une étude comparative des politiques éducatives destinées aux enfants d'immigrés en France et en Angleterre." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4004.
Full textI will be studying the educational policies for immigrant children in France and in England to discuss their integration in the national education systems. In these two countries, the national ideologies are differently institutionalized in the public education systems. The different degrees of its institutionnalization will be studied by looking at the roles of the schools, content of the curriculum, as well as teacher perceptions and classroom practices. I will be analyzing various elements such as the economic objectives, social structures, and the cultural perspectives taken on by teachers. This study will show how these elements cause them to adopt and transmit the national ideologies in their teachings of immigrant children. It is my objective that the following investigations will facilitate to explain why the development of the national education systems of these two countries is so diverse and different. These investigations will be looking at the scope of cultural diversity in relation to immigrant children, their relationship to specific educational policies. The recent educational policies for the immigrant children are putting less priority on their cultural differences in France and England. In this respect, I will reveal certain skepticism to find an appropriate balance between a better achievement for these children and the respect for cultural pluralism
Ka, Aminata. "Perceptions et performances en éducation environnementale (EE) des élèves des collèges d'enseignement moyen (CEM) du Sénégal à travers les pratiques d'enseignement en économie familiale sociale (EFS)." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21585.
Full textThe study is part of the assessment of enviromental education in the Senegalese formal educational system. It is based particularly on the current family socio-economic program, which, like life and land sciences and geography, prentends to do to environmental education through the themes conducted in class. The current research, aims, on the one hand, from the class attended by the pupils (6th, 5th, 3rd forms), and their environment (urban, suburban, rural), to describe, from investigation questionnaires, their social determinant and their perceptions of the context of class, the method used by the teacher and motivation generated, during the conduct of the course in environmental education. On the other hand, the study assesses the performances of pupils, following the level of class attended, from tests derived from the achievements of pupils. The measure of changes to the perceptions and performance in environmental education, compared to class groups, has enable us to compare the averages for pupils of different groups of classes according to the middle of inclusion, has the support of the analysis by the test of Bonferroni of Schiffer. The tests of PEARSON enabled us to control the correlation between perceptions en performance in environmental education, for different involved groups and draw the educational, instructional and methodological conclusions. Thus, 1986 pupils attending grammar school toof part in the investigations. The data processing has allowed us to highlight the growing gap between the perceptions and performance in environmental education and this for all the forms considered. Beyong the reponses to the assumptions of research, the urgency of a coherent decision making in the field of environmental education for sustainable development has been demonstrated by coming up with a teacher training program closely connected to the objectives of environmental education and especially contred on the learner's social integration
Achi, Siham. "Scolarisation pré-élémentaire au Liban : attentes et motivations des parents." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H046.
Full textCapron, Romain. "La contribution des organisations internationales aux politiques éducatives." Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=8df0ea6a-1799-4061-91bc-0a9c4efe2ea2.
Full textIt is difficult to discuss the contribution international organisations make to educational policies since this involves a very wide range of stakeholders and takes a variety of forms. Through this research, we propose to describe this using a model that differentiates between contributions at the universal level and inter-regional contributions that take away from or strengthen that level. This study makes the link between developing education of international dimension, human rights and economic development. In addition, it makes it possible to better understand the relationship between countries and organisations in the education sector. It is based on a cooperative model due to the institutional weaknesses of international organisations but also on a subsidiarity principle, which can be explained by the legitimacy that IOs have acquired
Saback, Velloso Ignez. "Enseignement agricole et développement : une étude évaluative comparée entre l'Etat de Bahia (Brésil) et la région de Bourgogne (France)." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080907.
Full textTHIS PIECE OF research RESTS ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT EDUCATION IS POWERFUL FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. THE METHOD FOLLWED HAS BEEN THAT OF COMPARATIVE EDUCATION STUDIES. THROUGHT IT, IT HAS BEEN POSSIBLE TO ANALYSE THE FEATURES OF EACH OF THE TWO EDUCATION SYSTEMS, THEIR DIFFERENCES AND LIKENESSES, THE AIM HAVING BEEN TO EXTRACT SUCH FITTING PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES AS MAY BE APPLIED TO AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN GENERAL AND MORE SPECIFICALLY TO AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION IN THE BAHIA STATE. THE APPRAISAL HAS BEEN MADE THROUGH AN EXAMINATION OF THE VARIOUS STAGES OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS : PLANING, ORGANIZING, IMPLEMENTING, MONITORING AND ASSESSING. ON THIS BASIS, THE CONCLUSION HAS BEEN REACHED THAT BOTH EDUCATION SYSTEMS ARE GEARED TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ONLY, AND SO CALL FOR A NEW DEFINITION OF THEIR OBJECTIVES SO AS TO PROMOTE DEVELOPMENT IN THE WIDER SENCE, THAT IS INCLUDING SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS
Angers, Sall Stéphanie. "Les disparités scolaires dans l'enseignement élémentaire à l'échelle urbaine, périurbaine et rurale au Sénégal." Le Mans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LEMA3010.
Full textMedinger, Jeannot. "L'Etat et l'école : obstacles et enjeux d'une réforme de l'Ecole publique : l'exemple du Neie Lycée au Luxembourg." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070078.
Full textThis thesis contains the description of certain phenomena of measurement, standardization and regulation related to schooling. The school is analyzed as an initiation centre, a socialization agency and a selection instrument at the service of the state. The method used to account for the phenomena observed is close to ethnomethodology. The observation is participative as the author of the thesis is at the same time the principal author of the experimental set up of a profound school reform. Services as assistance and explanation, values as equality and justice, needs and requirements as precaution, comparability and objectivity are studied i the context of this reform and are confronted with the general, social and political motivations and purposes in relation to these concepts. The global practical context of this thesis is the evolution of the idea of creating a pilot school in luxembourg, from its conceptualization in 1991 to its realization within the national educational system in 2005. The analysis focuses more precisely on the year of the actual set up of the college, ranging from the government decision of august 2004 to the opening of the school in septembre 2005
Sene, Saliou. "Perspective internationale en éducation inclusive et réalités des enfants en situation de handicap en Afrique subsaharienne francophone : cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0005.
Full textTo operationalize the vision described in the Senegal’s reference document titled “Plan Senegal Emergent”, several public policies are being implemented. For sectors that at first hand concerned with childhood, the objective is to improve the well-being of children based on the national and international guidelines. In fact, the following programs: Universal Health Coverage, Free Child Care (-5 years), Family Security Scholarships and Equal Opportunities Card are to be highlighted. In the education and training sector, the Program for Improving Quality, Equity and Transparency (2018-2030), fights inequality in education. The main objective of the Ministry of education is to apply the government’s policies that maintain consistency with the international perspective, in particular the roadmap of the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the Sustainable Development Goals.However, in 2016, statistics revealed that for children from 6 to 16 years old, which represent 4,022,229, there are 1,174,077 children ever in school, including 43% girls and 23,425 children with disabilities without formal education (USAID Study, 2016). We are very conscious about the theory of an inclusive society (Gardou, 2012) that stipulates that no one has the right to grasp for himself the common heritage of Mankind. Then,, this large number of children is a key booster to mobilize for a research of mechanisms capable to adapt worldwide orientations to inclusive public education policies. Indeed, this research aims to enrich existing knowledge in a participatory strategy of common understanding of globalized issues with a vision for realities as disparate as those of children with disabilities.To do this, key concepts are reviewed and interviews conducted and based on the principles of positivism of Augustus Comte, whose ultimate goal is the establishment of a new social, political and moral order. In terms of results, the main challenge to be faced is the strict alignment with international policy regulations that could probably lead to absurd injunctions. In order to verify this absurd injunction hypothesis, the technique applied to a hypothetico-deductive approach allowed collection and analysis of data through scale methods used to quantify quality issues. Upgrading the learning environment in terms of built physical classes, water supply, fencing walls, separate toilets (boys, girls, adults), textbooks and appropriate learning materials are an essential lever for school inclusion strategies in African, Francophone sub-Saharan Countries in general.In Senegal, the full application of inclusive education policy faces hard conditions like the learning environment including communication for behavioral change and the retraining of education staff. The construction of the vision for a proper consideration of children with disabilities in low-income countries aligned with worldwide guidelines becomes a requirement. Types of disabilities that can be combined in ordinary classrooms and not a risky elimination of special schools for some type of children, contrary to the injunction to register the child in the neighbourhood school with crowded classrooms and a limited quality learning environment seem to be the way out
Séne, Madeleine. "L'implantation des missionnaires et leur implication dans la prise en charge de la santé maternelle et infantile dans les villages de Baback, Fandene, Keur-Moussa et Sanghe au Sénegal, de 2007 a 2011." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/192191454#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0f.
Full textBaback and Sanghé are two villages in the rural community (CR) of Notto-Joobaas located in the south of the department of Thies. While Fandène and Keur-Moussa main village of CR are situated respectively the north and north-west department of Thies. These four villages founded before the end of nineteenth century are occupied by different ethnic populations. They benefit from significant physical potential that allow the development of socio -economic activities. Moreover, adverse weather conditions, the financial imbalance, the implementation of structural adjustment policies and the devaluation of the CFA franc resulted in precarious living conditions of the Senegalese people, especially in rural areas. Poor economic performance has affected many sectors, including the health of populations. Women and children are the most vulnerable because they are the most marginalized and poorest of society. They face persistent poverty. Women are more prone to morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and childbirth. With the introduction of the missionaries in the villages of our study from the 60s, many health facilities were put in place and effectively contribute to the management of maternal and child health. These structures support the monitoring of pregnancies by prenatal visits, vaccinations and childbirth. Children are given special attention through vaccinations, weighing and nutrition programmes in the centers for mother and child care, from birth to school age (five to six years). Maternal, infant and child mortality has declined significantly in recent years, but they are still quite high in Senegal. The maternal mortality rate fell from 510/100 000 live births in 1992 to 401/100 000 live births in 2005. The rate of child mortality, it dropped from 150 in 1997 to 121 ‰ in 2005. The infant mortality from 70,1 ‰ in 1997 to 61 ‰ in 2005. Health stations are also facing financial difficulties. Thus, the free health care that prevailed in the services of the missionaries gave way to cost recovery by the financial participation of the beneficiaries. The Association of Private Catholic health stations in Senegal (APSPCS) coordinates activities in matters of health posts to better meet the needs of the population health especially in rural areas
Daydé, Virginie. "Le projet éducatif local comme espace de rencontre entre projet d'établissement et projet de territoire." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20101.
Full textIn this present research work, the local educational project ("PEL" standing for Projet éducatif local) is proposed as an intersecting area between the project related to the education system and the project related to the territorial system. The PEL is the implementation and locally, the visible emergence of the policy aiming at the development of local education (DEL standing for Developpement éduactif local). The pEL is defined as a dynamically evolvong space, which, in all aspects related to their organisation, their relationship, operationnal mode and objective preserves and/or transforms the two main education axis : on one hand, the legitimate and formal organisation of the education nationale (national education service), and on the other hand, the less formal and more evolving territorial organisations. Thses processes of preservation/transformation lead to the "inter-structuration" of these organisations understood as interactive structural changes due to the PEL. This "inter-structuration" is the source of the construction of a common education concept by sharing a common project : the PEL