Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éducation – Japon'
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Lattanzio, Liliane. "La télévision éducative au Japon : la force de l'héritage." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081849.
Full textHe, Jian Hua. "Les pratiques éducatives parentales : approche comparative France Japon Chine." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100072.
Full textThis study compares the differences and similarities in child-rearing practices and parental beliefs in three societies : France, Japan and China. The parents were asked to respond to a questionnaire about parenting which was distributed and collected by the head-master of primary school. Subjects in this study were 271 parents in total : 100 French, 100 Chinese and 71 Japanese parents of 9 to 11 year-old children enrolled in primary school in France, Japan and China. The 3 aspects of child-rearing practices and parental beliefs under study were : the opinions of parents about the education of their children ; the expectations of parents about their children's characters and capabilities, and social behaviour; the 4 styles of child-rearing practices : parental control, expression of affection, parent-child conflict, and encouragement of independence. Both culture-general and culture-specific aspects of parental beliefs and child-rearing practices emerged. The findings of this study indicated cultural variations in child-rearing practices and parental beliefs among French, Japanese and Chinese parents. However, many cross-cultural similarities were also noted
Galan, Christian. "L'enseignement de la lecture au niveau élémentaire dans le système éducatif du Japon moderne depuis Meiji (1872-1992)." Paris, INALCO, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INAL0007.
Full textFor each of the eight periods which were taken into consideration (Edo-1872, 1872-1886, 1886-1900, 1900-1912, 1912-1933, 1933-1945, 1945-1958, 1958-1992), we based our research aroud three major axis : official legislation which imposes a standard on the teaching of reading in schools by defining the curriculum, language textbooks which play an intermediary educational role, and the methods or practices which make up the treaching itself. Our work has proved the two originals hypothesis, which were bon out of our previous research on the present day to be correct : 1) the process of teaching reading - method, content, progression - during the initial stages of learning to write and read was very early and conditioned by cultural, political and ideological factors, either directly, or as a result of more general transformations which have ocured within the practice of teaching or the conception of the role of the school
Iwai, Kaori. "Mondialisation, politiques et pratiques éducatives nationales : l'éducation artistique dans cinq pays (Afrique du Sud, Brésil, Etats-Unis, France et Japon)." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131007.
Full textEducation in every country has been influenced by bilateral and international relationships. After the Second World War, when international organizations were established and started to play a referential and normative role at the international level, national educational policies began to be influenced more rapidly and strongly by the international tendency. Within this current circumstance, this thesis analyses the following questions: how does the international educational tendency influence educational policies, especially those of arts education, which is one of the subjects most sensitive to contextual changes? How are the national educational policies applied by the teachers on the ground? Analysis of the relationship between the international tendency and national education policies indicates that since the nineteenth century, the international tendency in art education has influenced continuously the educational policies of the five countries selected for this research (South Africa, Brazil, the USA, France and Japan) in reflecting a cyclical effect between an objective oriented to “interest and feeling” and that oriented to “intelligence and knowledge. ” Today, the international tendency prompts political speakers in each country to appreciate arts education, as it could be instrumental in promoting national social reforms. An objective oriented to “sociability and practical life” gradually is being stressed. In light of the activities on the ground, even though national education policies change, teachers usually remain conservative and need time to adapt to new educational policies. The gap between national policies and the implementation in the classroom is caused by insufficient information, teacher training and educational resources. Teacher education, especially in-service teacher training, should play an important role in connecting teachers and national educational policies concerning arts education, and in improving the quality of artistic activities implemented by teachers in classrooms
Henninger, Aline. "La socialisation de genre à l'école élémentaire dans le Japon contemporain." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCF015.
Full textThis research is about gender socialization of children going to Japanese primary schools in the 2010s: it shows the evidence of experiences taking place during differentiated socialization of girls and boys.The purpose of this study is to specify how pupils are acquiring and learning gender norms during their daily life, knowing that those processes are often raised but hardly described in related research works. To achieve this, three complementary methods were set: an ethnographic study, semi-directive interviews and special investigation schemes in order to discuss about gender issues with children.To write down children’s own words is a way to access their representation of sex differences. While being social actors of their own socialization, children are constructing masculinity and femininity, through language, external look, activities, plays, body staging, sexuality and feelings of love expression. Even if the school system organizes sex segregation and normalizes gender roles, children are negotiating those gender relations while performing in their own way the models that school and other social structures offer. Peer groups are also playing a significant role into these complex socialization processes.This thesis in Japanese studies is based on both gender studies and childhood studies
Kawarabayashi, Akiko. "L'"écriture de la vie" (seikatsu tsuzurikata), une pédagogie du réalisme dans l'expression de soi au cœur de l'institution scolaire japonaise (1912-2012 )." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0012.
Full textThe pedagogy called seikatsu tsuzurikata was developed after 1912 within the «Taishô liberal education movement» (Taishô jiyû kyôiku). During this period, many private schools were established on the basis of the ideas of the «New Education» imported from West. In several public schools also, some young «progressive» teachers tried to develop one pedagogy that could help the children to express more freely in their writing. The composition (tsuzurikata) was in those days the only class that had no obligation to use the textbook screened by the government. Therefore, this class offered the teachers the possibilities to do some experiments relatively freely. Although the oppression by the government before and during the Second World War, this method was elaborated enough to survive in the Japanese classes after the War until the present time. We will study in this thesis the historical context in which emerged this form of education which aims at a holistic development of children, that is to say, both intellectually (knowledge) and emotional (personality). The question that will guide us in this study will be to understand both how and why this pedagogy succeeded to develop in an educational system which, because of the principles and objectives on which it was developed from the Meiji era (1868-1912), was a priori supposed to reject it
Inoue, Sunami. "L'éducation à la vie (inochi) à l'école primaire au Japon : approche anthropologique au miroir du 21e siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG008/document.
Full textThis research focuses on the pedagogical practices of teachers relating to the development of self-respect, respect of others and the lives of primary students in Japan. “Life education” is linked to the social and educational contexts of the emergence of bullying, violence, refusal to go to school and suicide among children and young people, which are often associated with psychological problems such as low self-esteem, depressive tendency, insufficient relational and communication development. A survey was carried out among different adult educational actors at the primary school level in the city of Kyoto. Adopting an anthropological approach, life education was examined based on empirical data. The results show that by teaching life education, teachers fully participate in the cultural education and socialization of pupils, while at the same time educating them about cultural and social norms and values
Leman, Bérénice. "Écoles hors de l'école au japon : le rôle des shingaku juku dans le parcours scolaire des élèves." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCF019/document.
Full textThe boom in shadow education worldwide shows an evolution in school systems to increasingly incorporate the commercial side of education. This thesis will explore the case of Japan, where this tendency is extremely marked, with a particular focus on the way private tutoring at gakushû juku and yobikô is interlocked with formal schooling – compulsory in Japan – through the choices made by families and individuals.My research, which draws mainly on first- and second-hand qualitative and quantitative data, shows that private tutoring has become essential for families as a complement to formal schooling. This is especially true since the 1990s, which saw neoliberal reforms implemented throughout the education system.Alongside this gradual integration of private tutoring into the education system, I highlight the appearance in recent years of a phenomenon that could be described as the « jukuization » of schools, in other words, the transformation of mainstream schools into a commercial model, notably via increasingly close cooperation between schools and private tutoring firms
Mithout, Anne-Lise. "Compétences pédagogiques et besoins éducatifs particuliers : les écoles d'aveugles à l'heure de l'inclusion. Perspective franco-japonaise." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090049/document.
Full textIn France as in Japan, the educational system for children with disabilities has undergone major changes for the last years, through the development of inclusive education, promoting enrollment in mainstream schools rather than special institutions. However, special schools have not disappeared; they are rather evolving so as to adapt to changes. This work is grounded on the idea that these transformations represent the completion of a historical trend shifting from a category-based approach of disability (in which different medical categories result in specialized treatments) to an approach that, as opposed to the latter, we can call generalist (in which categories of impairments fade into the unified category of “special educational needs”). How do special schools, deeply rooted in the category-based specialized approach, evolve in the days of generalism? We examine the specific case of Schools for the Blind, embodiments of the specialized approach. Through a French-Japanese comparison, we shed light on some gray areas of the international move towards inclusive education. Using the field of work sociology, especially the concept of “skills”, we explore the transformations of special institutions as experiences by their representatives: special teachers. Through comparison, we show that special teachers' work in these schools is no longer based on an expertise of visual disability but relies on the use of relational skills, especially involving adaptation to every child's “special educational needs”, in a context of radically changing teaching conditions, where it becomes growingly difficult to put those skills into practice
要旨 : 近年、フランスと日本における障害児教育制度は、インクルーシブ教育の理念に従って、特殊学校よりも通常学校での在学を推進することで、大きく変わってきた。しかし、特殊学校が全くなくなるわけではなく、特殊教育制度はその変化に応じるように形を変えてきた。本論文はその推移が「障害」の取り扱いの歴史的転換と符合するという公準を基本とする。「各障害の医療的な特性に応じる専門的な取り扱いが必要」という障害種別アプローチから「障害の諸カテゴリーが「特別なニーズ」という単一なカテゴリーに溶け込む」という逆の一般的なアプローチへの転換である。障害種別の専門性を踏まえていた特殊学校はその一般的なアプローチの時代にどう応じてきたか。本研究は障害種別アプローチの体現である盲学校を中心の課題とする。日仏比較により、インクルーシブ教育への歩みという国際現象のあまり検討されていない面を調査することを目的とする。そのために、職業社会学(特に、「能力」の理論)に基づき、盲学校の教員が見た特殊教育の変化を分析する。その結果、盲学校教員の仕事は今、視覚障害の専門性よりも「各生徒の個人的なニーズに応じる」対人関係能力を踏まえているということが示され、盲学校における教育条件の変化により、その対人関係能力の実現が難しくなりつつあることが指摘される。
Pelissero, Christian. "Les relations de co-construction entre l'activité évaluative et l'autonomisation des apprentissages dans le cas de l’enseignement du français langue étrangère au Japon." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA3007/document.
Full textTraditionally based on an transmissible approach to knowledge and on their assumptive evaluation, the Japanese educational context is not, nevertheless hermetic in the non-conventional didactic approaches (Freinet, Montessori, Dewey)whose objective was the empowerment of the learners, or in the principles of the CECR. A more contemporary style, that advocates an actionoriented approach to the education favorable to the empowerment of the learners, to their elfassessment and to the evaluation of their skills more than their knowledge. This work is put in relation the processes of transmissible or education/learning and\or emporwerment, the evaluation and the culture of education/learning kept in mind. In this research I would like to highlight and help to understand the fundamental process of this relation. For that purpose, the hypothesis for a Autopoietic Mechanism of Coconstruction between the Empowerment and the (Self-)assessment (MARCAA, in french) was put to the test through observations (in 21 classes of 12 establishments) and representations on the autonomy and the evaluation of 21 teachers. As a result, the empowerment and the evaluation have a relation of coconstruction by the possibilities of choice and decisions which are given to the learner during their study
Diot, Rodolphe. "Définition de l'enseignement "calligraphique" dans l'éducation scolaire japonaise de 1945 à nos jours." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF010/document.
Full textHow can we define what is commonly called “calligraphy” in the Asian context, and in particular, in Japan? That is the basic question from which our research started. “Calligraphy” education has been included in school curricula since the foundation of the modern school system in Japan. Today, more than ninety percent of Japanese children go through senior high-school. Therefore, we can assume that the education received during these school years influence the way the people apprehends calligraphy. For that reason, we chose to study the definition of calligraphy as elaborated by the Japanese State through the school programs. Continuing the work we had already done in that field on the pre-war era, we first took a close look at the period of the American Occupation, examining the struggle between the different parties involved in the design of the curriculum. We then proceeded with a thorough analysis of the successive versions of the National course of study, focusing particularly on the choices made by curricula designers, between utilitarian and artistic calligraphy
Seki, Yuriko. "Comparative study between France and Japan on the causes of the diminishing interest in science : Propositions for a renovation of science education at junior high school in Japan." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR1PS01.
Full textThe goal of the education is to help people build their personality, and it is the role of the school training to help them acquire the necessary liberal arts as well as the power of having a better judgement to a better living. Liberal arts has a universal and a contingent aspect. Until the 20th century the liberal arts essentially contains the Humanities and the Arts, but later the knowledge of scientific subjects acquires a very important meaning. The liberal arts does not only imply the knowledge of the classical texts. The philosopher Jose Ortega y Gasset, of Spanish origin, described the liberal arts " Mission of the University " in 1930: “the liberal arts is a system of various ideas which is possessed by each era. More precisely, it is a system of various ideas which characterize a done era “. What is the system of the various ideas of our time? We would say that it is Science. The main characteristic of the modern liberal arts is that a big part of it's contain provides from the scientific field. However, in the beginning of the 90's, the diminishing interest in science became a confirmed phenomenon not only in Japan, but also in France and in other countries of the world. Japan, a country of small surface, and poor in natural resources was able to have an unprecedented economic growth after the Second World War thanks to the technical renovation based on science. The modern economical society has been pushed up by science and technology in the broad sense of the term. For a long time, we consider that the society of the 21st century is based on knowledge and, if we think about the future of the countries, the diminishing interest of young people in science is an alarming situation. How can we understand this phenomenon?In reality, it is not the first time that the separation between the literary and the scientific knowledge is observed. Charles Percy Snow, who was the councillor of the science of the British government, has already rung the warning bell in his work " The two cultures " in 1959: " The complete misunderstanding of the science is the centre which influences everything ". Indeed, because a literary intellectual understands nothing in science, he becomes more and more anti-scientific. On the other hand, among the scientists, the misunderstanding becomes more marked between the literary scientists and the scientists of applied sciences. Progress and development of sciences and technology led to the specialization and the scission of the studies. During the 20th century, cases of mutual misunderstanding got enchained. This behaviour " of not trying to mutually understand each other " could be fundamentally linked to the nowadays diminishing interest in science. This observation of Snow noticed in the breast of the scientific community goes on to the whole society as one goes along of the years, and becomes apparent in the nineties. The behaviour of the society " of the adults " influences the sense of the values of the children [. . . ]
Gaveau, David. "Emergence de l’identité tutorale : fonctions et profils de tuteurs dans un cours en ligne de FLE." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCC016.
Full textOur research project has its roots in the PrépaFLE project, a tutored online training device that aims to prepare Japanese students in FLE before their arrival in France. In order to contextualize our research problem that seeks to characterize the tutorial functions deployed within this online training device, we will choose to analyze the exchanges between tutors and Japanese learners. To help us in our research, we will review the different theoretical principles that nourish the field of research in the teaching of foreign languages and more particularly French as a foreign language in the context of the pedagogical use of digital environments. Starting from research results, we will expose the concept of Community of Inquiry which allows to lay the contours of a tutorial presence. We will also rely on the results of studies looking at the categories of tutorial functions identified in the teachers engaged in ODL device through the discourse analysis of the latter. The methodological approach chosen will enable us to position our research within the framework of a descriptive research that calls for discourse analysis. At the same time, our discourse analysis will be based on a qualitative pragmatic approach that calls for the concept of a speech act and a quantitative content analysis that will classify the acts of speech identified in our corpus. Our analysis will show that tutors develop different profiles according to the proportion of tutorial functions that they deploy through their speech
Barrat, Olivier. "Les médias japonais en ce début du XXI siècle." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020032.
Full textChampagne, Marie-Claude. "Identité et immigration au Japon." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12538.
Full textIn the current context of globalization, immigration has an impact on the question of national identity in host countries. Although Japan is not an isolated case, it still has its own particularities. Indeed, it is surprising to see an OECD country with such a low rate of immigration. All the more so, since it has an aging population. In addition, Japan’s case is also interesting in that the issue of ethnic and cultural homogeneity, presented in nihonjinron, is central to its definition of national identity. Therefore, the goal of this paper, based on Anderson’s theory of imagined communities and on Barth’s theory of ethnic boundaries, is to analyze numerous ideological and analytical books and articles to demonstrate the impact that maintaining a strong national identity can have on the development and implementation of immigration policies in Japan. The following research assesses the origins and evolution of modern Japanese society from a political, educational, social and economic point of view and presents the development of migration policies up until today. In the light of the latter, it is possible to see how the question of identity is deeply rooted and supported by the country’s elites and how it consequently leads to strict and restrictive immigration policies.