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1

Lang, Nora Walsh. "Nuestro guarani? Language Ideologies, Identity, and Guarani Instruction in Asuncion, Paraguay." Thesis, University of California, San Diego, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1558862.

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<p> How do young people in Paraguay develop social identities as they engage in multilingual language practices? What are the impacts of language policies that at times encourage the use of Guaran&iacute;, and at others discourage it? The primary goal of this study is to explore the relationships between children's language ideologies and the sociohistorical roots of societal level discourses regarding the power and prestige associated with Spanish and Guaran&iacute; in Paraguay. Of equal importance is the role of educators in either challenging or reinforcing those discourses. Field-work was conducted in an urban school in Paraguay's capital, Asunci&oacute;n. Participants' language use, language ideologies, and processes of social identification were analyzed through classroom observations, unstructured interviews, and surveys. </p><p> Findings revealed that students' and teachers' use of Guaran&iacute; is closely related to perceptions of the language's ability to provide opportunities for upward social mobility. Data also suggests a generational decrease in the use of Guaran&iacute; amongst students, and a tendency to reserve Guaran&iacute; for the private sphere. Despite efforts to elevate the status of Guaran&iacute;, prestige is overwhelmingly associated with European languages (Spanish, English, and Portuguese). Guaran&iacute;, in contrast, is strongly associated with Paraguayan national identity, and communicating closeness. While English and Portuguese are perceived to potentially provide financial and social capital, students lack similar motivation to learn Guaran&iacute; within the context of the classroom. Although teachers cannot change societal discourses that devalue Guaran&iacute;, they <i>can</i> facilitate a critical inquiry into such attitudes, and encourage students to challenge the status quo.</p>
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2

Talavera, Reyes Claudia. "La agenda educativa pos-neoliberal. Alternativas de cambio en Bolivia y Paraguay." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400715.

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Esta investigación se proyecta y delinea entre finales de 2011 y principios de 2012, en pleno momento de desarrollo y despliegue de los procesos de cambio político en América del Sur. En ese contexto, empieza a inquietarme el modo en que la educación se estaría transformando o se podría, -y quizá debería- transformar a partir de tales cambios. Desde aquel primer momento los interrogantes surgen en torno a la vinculación entre lo político y lo educativo. ¿Qué implica que gobiernen unos y no otros para lo político y lo público? ¿Qué implica que hayan llegado al gobierno, -no siempre al poder-, grupos sociales y políticos que siempre estuvieron excluidos de la toma de decisiones de política y políticas? ¿Cómo se traducen esos cambios en el sector educativo y más específicamente en la agenda educativa? ¿Qué agenda educativa alternativa es posible? ¿Quiénes y cómo la están construyendo? Siendo el neoliberalismo hegemónico, ¿hay un horizonte pos-neoliberal para la Educación? La hipótesis general establece que los cambios en la Agenda Educativa pos-neoliberal dependen de las características de los cambios en el gobierno del Estado. En relación a ella, las sub-hipótesis destacaban el cambio de actores en Bolivia con la irrupción de los movimientos sociales, la búsqueda de una ruptura epistemológica contra-hegemónica y la consideración de la educación como un elemento clave para consolidar una revolución cultural. En Paraguay, la preeminencia de actores de élite, la tendencia más evolutiva y continuista de la agenda educativa, y la permanencia de estructuras estatales tradicionales que no permiten un planteo de cambio profundo. Se realiza un estudio de casos, comparado entre opuestos, siendo Bolivia el caso paradigmático. Entrevistamos a más de veinticinco actores clave en cada país, miembros del gobierno, la sociedad civil y los organismos de cooperación y crédito. Esto se complementa con la revisión documental. El análisis se realiza mediante el process-tracing, apropiado para este tipo de estudios, en donde la reconstrucción narrativa está orientada al desarrollo de nuevas premisas e hipótesis. En las conclusiones se establecen principalmente las diferencias entre dos agendas pos-neoliberales, cuyo principal elemento en común es la crítica hacia lo neoliberal y el contexto de cambio político regional. Es determinante en cada una de ellas, la estructura histórico-política de la hegemonía en cada país, así como la envergadura de las resistencias previas. En Bolivia se forma una agenda educativa des-colonizadora e innovadora. Y en Paraguay, una agenda educativa modernizadora y renovadora. En el primer caso hay un amplio consenso entre actores sociales y populares, si bien las ideas de los grupos indígenas predominan en el sector tanto desde dentro como desde fuera del Estado. En el segundo caso, el gobierno asume un discurso de protagonismo estatal, pero la agenda sigue siendo definida por élites intelectuales y no por una (inexistente) base popular en educación. En el primer caso se cuestiona la modernidad como paradigma que se inicia con la colonización, y se busca desmontar las estructuras civilizadoras, epistemológicas y políticas. Se imagina un horizonte común basado en distintos recorridos de la memoria, y con proyecciones también hacia distintos tiempos. En el segundo caso, se reafirma el ideal del paradigma moderno, nunca alcanzado en el Estado-Nación paraguayo, y se busca el modo de renovarlo desde un nivel de políticas concretas, muy coyuntural y con proyección a corto plazo. La tesis deja abierto el interrogante acerca de la posibilidad de consolidación de una nueva epistemología des-colonizadora para la educación, la sociedad y el Estado.<br>This research project was outlined between late 2011 and early 2012, precisely during a moment of development and deployment of political change processes in South America. In this context, I am concerned with how education could be transformed or, and perhaps should be transformed, from such changes. From that first moment questions arise about the relationship between politics and education. What does the governing of ones and not others mean for the political and the public? What does it mean when excluded social and political groups, that have always been excluded from policy decisions and policies, are now the government-though not always the power? How do these changes translate into the education sector and more specifically on the educational agenda? What is a possible alternative educational agenda? By whom, and how is it being constructed? Given that neoliberalism is hegemonic, is there a post-neoliberal horizon for Education? The general hypothesis states that changes in the post-neoliberal Agenda Educational depend on the characteristics of changes in the state government. In relation to it, the sub-hypothesis highlights the change of actors in Bolivia with the emergence of social movements, seeking a counter-hegemonic epistemological break and consideration of education as a key element to consolidate a cultural revolution. In Paraguay, the preeminence of elite players, the most evolutionary and continuist trend of the educational agenda, and the permanence of traditional state structures do not allow a proposal of profound change. A comparative case study compared between opposites, Bolivia being the paradigmatic. We interviewed more than twenty key actors in each country: embers of the government, civil society and cooperating agencies and credit. This is complemented by the document review. The analysis was performed using process-tracing, which is appropriate for this type of study, where narrative reconstruction is aimed at developing new premises and assumptions. The conclusions establish differences between two post-neoliberal agendas, whose main element in common is the criticism of neoliberalism the context of political change in the region. In each country the historical and political hegemonic, as well as the size of previous resistance, is determinant. In Bolivia a decolonizing and innovative educational agenda was formed. And in Paraguay, a modernizing and renewing educational agenda. In the first case there is a broad consensus among social and popular actors, although the ideas of indigenous groups predominate both from within and from outside the state. In the second case, the government assumes the discourse of state protagonism, but the agenda is still defined by intellectual elites and not on a (nonexistent) popular education base. In the first case a paradigm of modernity that begins with colonization is questioned, and the civilizing, epistemological and political structures it created are sought to be disassembled. An imagined common horizon based on different routes of memory, and with projections to different times. In the second case, the ideal of the modern Paraguayan state, never reached, is reaffirmed and is renewed from concrete, very cyclical and short-term policies. The thesis leaves open the question about the possibility of consolidating a new de-colonial epistemology for education, society and the state.
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3

Hiebert, Linda. "Language and Identity at School and at Home : Language Shift among Mennonites in Paraguay." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-2243.

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This essay has investigated the question of an ongoing language shift from Plattdeutsch and German to Spanish among the Mennonites in Paraguay and the role of the school in this process. The aims of the study were to compare the use of languages among the Mennonites in Asuncion and in the Menno colony and to identify the importance that parents give to the languages and to compare this with a school leader perspective. The aim was also to identify factors that influence the language shift and identify the influence that the shift excerpts on Mennonite values and identity. The results are based on my own observations, interviews with Mennonite women and interviews with key informants who have insight into the school policy issues. The outcome may be used as a basis for educational and language planning. There is a need to consciously sit down and re-define the Mennonite identity and to make the community and the school aware of their responsibility in language maintenance.
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4

Roesler, Patricia Simone. "A reforma educacional Paraguaia de 1994." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3294.

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Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-09T12:59:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Patricia_ Simonetti2015.pdf: 1682262 bytes, checksum: cebadd7b7c69dbe869e9e0713d09f595 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T12:59:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Patricia_ Simonetti2015.pdf: 1682262 bytes, checksum: cebadd7b7c69dbe869e9e0713d09f595 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-10<br>The focus of this study is the Paraguayan educational reform of 1944 during the period from 1990 to 1998. The analysis is based on the premise that every reform occurs in response to a social need, thus, the effort focuses on gauging what issue this reform method of education sought to resolve. The conclusion recorded through document and bibliographic research highlighted that the materiality of educational precariousness of the nation was real, however, the planning, elaboration and implementation of the reform process had its development and execution compromised and restricted, mostly due to the external interference, which does not constitute as a national identity, a priori, to contemplate the expectations and needs of the nation. Therefore, it was part of a set of measures designed in accordance with the interests of the USA, which imposed on education its adequacy with the development demands of capitalist society aligned with the neoliberal globalization.<br>Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a reforma educacional paraguaia de 1994, tendo como recorte histórico o período de 1990 a 1998. A problemática parte do pressuposto de que toda reforma ocorre em resposta a uma necessidade social, assim, o esforço está em aferir qual o problema que esse procedimento reformador da educação procurou resolver. A conclusão registrada por meio da pesquisa documental e bibliográfica evidenciou que a materialidade da precariedade educacional da nação era fato, porém, o planejamento, a elaboração e a execução do processo reformador teve seu desenvolvimento e sua execução comprometidos e limitados, majoritariamente, em decorrência da ingerência externa, não se constituindo com uma identidade nacional, a priori, para contemplar os anseios e as necessidades da nação. Dessa forma, fazia parte de um conjunto de medidas arquitetadas em consonância aos interesses dos Estados Unidos, que conferia à educação a execução de determinadas ações que visavam contemplar as demandas de desenvolvimento da sociedade capitalista a luz da globalização neoliberal
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5

Rodriguez-Acosta, Cristina A. "The Impact of Decentralization and New Intergovernmental Relations on Public Service Delivery: A Comparative Analysis of Colombia and Paraguay." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2470.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that have influenced political decentralization in Paraguay and Colombia and how the new intergovernmental relations that result in political, fiscal and policy decentralization impact local governments and their capacity to deliver public services. The research, building on institutional theory, places particular emphasis on trying to explain and understand how intergovernmental relations shape the decentralization—and effectiveness—of public service delivery to local and regional governments, particularly in the areas of health and education. The research method is principally a path-dependent within-cases analysis. The analysis traces how the processes of decentralization evolved from 1990 to 2010. Special attention is given to critical junctures, or special political or social circumstances, that have significantly changed the process of decentralization. Data was collected mainly through reviews of documents, journals and newspapers, and most significantly through elite interviews “tailored to the purposes of the study” (Aberbach & Rockman, 2002). Leaders of political parties, unions, non-governmental-organizations and civic movements were interviewed in both countries. The research shows that political parties play a very important role, not only in the design and implementation of decentralization of public service delivery, but also in sustaining and furthering the process. The analysis is based on the assumption that increased decentralization of health and education to local and regional levels should positively impact basic health and education indicators. If decentralization, as argued, helps governments to be more responsive to local needs, and if more health and education programs are decentralized to the local and regional level in response to the demands of many communities, it is predicted that health and education indicators would improve, as people would have easier access to these services. Analysis of health and education indicators in the form of infant mortality rates (deaths of children under one year old, live births) and school enrollment show mixed results for both Colombia and Paraguay.
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6

Dias, Marcelo de Oliveira. "Educação matemática e sua influência nos currículos prescritos e praticados: um estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Paraguai." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10948.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo de Oliveira Dias.pdf: 1918762 bytes, checksum: fbbd23961ed4a18a526e439c37c5782d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-07<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This PhD thesis aims to develop comparative studies of mathematics curricula, prescribed and given in Brazil and Paraguay, duly organized and implemented from the 90s. Accordingly, in the chapters that follow is intended to identify the influences of research findings in mathematics education in the official documents of these countries. There is also exposure to common and specific aspects of the curricula of mathematics organized in Brazil and Paraguay, with regard to compulsory education. Nor are proposed to identify similarities and differences between the two systems, as well as relevant information evidencing compliance or rejection of mathematics teachers to curriculum guidelines prescribed in the official documents and data relating to curricula that actually become effective in the classroom. In order to carry out the research we adopted the methodology of comparative education, which is an analytical tool for the study of education systems. The thesis presents some contributions to be reflected by our community of mathematics education and educational managers of public policies<br>A presente tese de Doutorado tem como objetivo desenvolver estudos comparativos de currículos de Matemática, prescritos e apresentados no Brasil e no Paraguai, devidamente organizados e implementados a partir da década de 90. Nesse sentido, nos capítulos que se seguem há a intenção de identificação das influências de resultados de pesquisas em Educação Matemática nos documentos oficiais desses países. Há também a exposição de aspectos comuns e especificidades dos currículos de Matemática organizados no Brasil e no Paraguai, no que se refere à educação obrigatória. Tampouco, propõem-se a identificar semelhanças e diferenças entre os dois sistemas, assim como informações pertinentes que evidenciem a adesão ou a rejeição dos professores de Matemática às orientações curriculares prescritas nos documentos oficiais e dados referentes aos currículos que realmente se efetivam nas salas de aula. No intuito de realizar a investigação foi adotada a metodologia da Educação Comparada, que é um instrumento analítico para o estudo de sistemas educativos. A tese apresenta algumas contribuições para serem refletidas por nossa comunidade de Educação Matemática e por gestores das políticas públicas educacionais
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Rosenberger, Sascha [Verfasser], Eva Kristin [Gutachter] Gerharz, and Heike Mónika [Gutachter] Greschke. "Grounded in Paraguay : An appropriation theory of ICTs and education for development / Sascha Rosenberger ; Gutachter: Eva Kristin Gerharz, Heike Mónika Greschke ; IEE, International Development Studies." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185171789/34.

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8

Larrouqué, Damien. "Les politiques d’inclusion digitale en Amérique latine : de la rénovation éducative à la recomposition de l’Etat (Argentine, Paraguay, Pérou, Uruguay)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0044.

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L’enjeu de cette thèse est de mettre en lumière les transformations institutionnelles observables en Amérique latine à l’aune de la gestion des politiques d’inclusion digitale. Instaurés par certains pays de la région au milieu des années 2000, ces programmes socio-éducatifs s’inspirent de l’initiative promue par la fondation philanthropique nord-américaine One Laptop Per Child (OLPC). Ces politiques publiques ont pour double caractéristique d’être relativement coûteuses en termes financiers et d’être, sur le plan logistique, très contraignantes à administrer. Aussi, selon notre postulat de départ, elles nous permettent non seulement d’illustrer le « retour de l’Etat » en matière d’investissement social, mais encore d’apprécier son efficacité à l’heure de mettre en œuvre des initiatives présentées comme révolutionnaires. D’après notre principale hypothèse, leur concrétisation a été conditionnée par la capacité des pouvoirs publics à innover en matière de gestion administrative. La plus-value académique de ce travail repose sur le concept d’Etat néo-wébérien, lequel se situe à mi-chemin entre le modèle bureaucratique classique et le New Public Management. Nous soutenons que les programmes d’inclusion digitale étudiées (plan Ceibal en Uruguay, plan Conectar Igualdad en Argentine, plan Una Computadora por Niño au Pérou, plan OLPC au Paraguay) ont été couronnés de succès dans les deux pays du Bassin de la Plata (Argentine et Uruguay) qui ont su emprunter le plus aux caractéristiques de cette conception, certes idéal-typique, mais néanmoins éclairante à l’heure d’appréhender la réalité des mutations contemporaines de l’Etat en Amérique latine<br>Our ambition is to bring to light the institutional transformations that derive in Latin America from the implementation of digital inclusion policies. These social and educational programs have taken inspiration from the project of the One Laptop Per Child foundation and they have been instituted in some South-American countries during the last decade. We consider that these public policies present two interesting characteristics. On the one hand, being very costly from a financial perspective, they illustrate the “return of the state” in terms of social investment. On the other hand, because they are logistically complex to run, they can be seen as examples of a new and effective policy-making process. Our main hypothesis is that their successful implementation has been triggered by the capacity of public authorities to innovate in the field of administrative management. The academic interest of our dissertation rests on the concept of Neo-weberian State. It designs a new institutional configuration, which borrows some properties from two administrative paradigms: the bureaucratic model of Weber and the New Public Management. Taking into consideration four digital inclusion policies, we argue that the successful implementation of two of them (the programs Ceibal in Uruguay and Conectar Igualdad in Argentina) can be explained by the use of a neo-weberian form of political and administrative management. In our opinion, although it remains an ideal type, the concept of “Neo-Weberian State” is considerably useful for whoever analyses the transformations of public institutions in Latin America
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Ortega, Vera Juana Oilda. "Representações dos educadores de adultos do Paraguai sobre sua praxis educativa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9044.

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Submitted by Julie_estagiaria Moraes (julie.moraes@fgv.br) on 2012-01-17T17:17:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 000055638.pdf: 20835076 bytes, checksum: 1404b876eba7ee2b6cee064f5ab8d595 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-17T17:17:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000055638.pdf: 20835076 bytes, checksum: 1404b876eba7ee2b6cee064f5ab8d595 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1992-02<br>Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar as representações dos educadores de adultos do Paraguai, com vistas a desmistificar falsas concepções, captar o bom senso que poderá ser desenvolvido e propor alternativas que levem a mudar a realidade. Iniciou-se com uma análise histórica da realidade paraguaia para chegar-se à conjuntura atual, aprofundando a reflexâo sobre a práxis educativa do educador de adultos do pais. No que se refere aos pressupostos metodológicos, considerou-se a educação inserida na sociedade, como totalidade concreta e unidade contraditória, cujo conhecimento, possivel apenas mediante a analise do movimento do concreto real. A orientação da pesquisa foi essencialmente qualitativa, adotando-se a observação participante, além de questionário aberto e entrevistas.
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Muniz, Antônio Walber Matias. "Reformas do ensino superior brasileiro e seu impacto nas demandas do Cone Sul: a questão do reconhecimento de diplomas de pós-graduação obtidos na região." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-21102015-101256/.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar os impactos causados no ambiente da integração regional, com a opção feita pelo governo brasileiro de promover reformas na educação superior a partir de 1995. Em vista disso, analisa-se o dilema criado pela dificuldade de qualificar de imediato no Brasil quase 40 mil docentes com a titulação de mestres e doutores, e as repercussões advindas de um modelo de pós-graduação criado em instituições de ensino superior da Argentina e do Paraguai não equiparado ao modelo brasileiro. Como consequência, observam-se os entraves que impedem o reconhecimento pelo Brasil dos diplomas lá obtidos por docentes em busca obrigatória de qualificação. Busca-se, também demonstrar que essas reformas contribuíram para melhorar os níveis de ensino e a qualidade dos docentes na pós-graduação; que há diálogo entre os sistemas de pós-graduação do Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai; que as exigências da CAPES são, em boa parte, equiparadas com as exigências ou critérios utilizados pela CONEAU e ANEAES; e que a questão do reconhecimento de diplomas obtidos em países do cone sul tem gerado discussão em todo o país. A metodologia utilizada assenta-se nas estratégias de investigação: análise bibliográfica e documental e pesquisa de campo. Esta tese classifica-se como pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, centrada na análise das respostas às entrevistas e questionários aplicados com estudantes, professores e autoridades públicas em universidades. As respostas obtidas revelam questões regionais, administrativas, jurídicas e políticas vinculadas ao problema do reconhecimento dos diplomas de pós-graduação em análise.<br>The aim of this research is to study the impacts on regional integration environment, from the choice made by the Brazilian government to promote reforms in higher education since 1995. From there, the dilemma created by the difficulty to qualify immediately in Brazil almost 40,000 teachers with the titration of masters and doctors, and events resulting from a graduate model created in higher education institutions in Argentina and is analyzed Paraguay, not equivalent to the Brazilian model. As a result, it is observed the barriers to the recognition by Brazil of diplomas Obtained there by teachers in compulsory search for qualification. Specifically, we seek to demonstrate that these reforms helped to improve levels of education and the quality of teachers in graduate school; there is dialogue between graduate systems in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; that the requirements of CAPES are largely comparable with those requirements or criteria used by CONEAU and ANEAES; and that the question of recognition of diplomas obtained in the Southern Cone countries has generated discussion across the country. The methodology is based on the forms of bibliographic research, documentary and field research. The interviews and questionnaires reveal regional, administrative, legal and political issues linked to the problem of recognition of postgraduate diplomas. This thesis is classified qualitative research, whose analyzes are more dissertational, although not exempt from the explanation of the phenomena and quantitative results, as well as the help of primary sources for its enrichment.
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Duarte, Luiza Franco. "O papel do BIRD e BID nas reformas educacionais no Brasil e no Paraguai na década de 1990." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3693.

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Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-23T17:00:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Luiza Franco Duarte.pdf: 594689 bytes, checksum: 494d670d0d795b5bf39737de38886dbe (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-23T17:00:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Luiza Franco Duarte.pdf: 594689 bytes, checksum: 494d670d0d795b5bf39737de38886dbe (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-19<br>Throughout the 1990s, several Latin American countries underwent deep economic-political reforms linked to loans and financing from the World Bank Group for the dissemination of the Neoliberal Project. In March 1990, the World Conference on Education for All (UNESCO, 1990) expresses the convergence of the function and conception of school education along the lines defined by the Washington Consensus, 1989. It marks a historic moment of rooting of the form of organization and management of the education before the process of economic, political, social and cultural restructuring, in construction with the accomplishment of the Reformation of the Latin American States, keeping the proportions as the peculiarities of each country and also of the level of effectiveness of the prescription of the Washington Consensus, put into practice. In this way, the present bibliographic and documentary research sought to present the realities and conjunctures of Brazil and Paraguay through the educational legislation produced in the 1990s, based on BIRD and BID recommendations to support the process of penetration of the neoliberal project in these countries. The BIRD or BID loans for school education had their objectives directed to the political orientations of the governments for the maintenance of the economic order and the deepening of the internationalization and concentration of capital for the financial sector. Due to the large financial disbursements of these organizations, with the demand for guarantees from counterparts of countries and / or federated borrowers, there was a significant increase in external debts, in the form of legal-political organization of the states, and in the ideological spread of neoliberalism, which were presented in the said loans for projects in various sectors of the economy and the social area, particularly those for school education. This research generally involves an understanding of the role of Multilateral International Organizations in the formulation and implementation of educational policies guided by the Neoliberal Project; specifically, the identification in the Brazilian and Paraguayan context of the influence of IBRD and IDB through technical and financial advice. It is necessary to emphasize that the loans of these Financial Agencies for the mentioned countries was not limited to the technical advice, but mainly it permeated an ideological and political character of the capitalism in its new model of expression. The implications of these agreements were on the organizational mode and the direction of educational policies. It did not have an eminently economic character, but it covered the social, political and ideological aspects. Therefore, the characteristics of the neoliberal reforms in Latin America, in terms of educational policies, highlighting Brazil and Paraguay were the expansion of schooling time, through the stipulation of obligatory years, establishes a minimum of workload and school days through of a school calendar. Another aspect is the redistribution of functions and responsibility between the levels of the systems, besides the specializations and rationalization of human resources.<br>Ao longo dos anos 1990, diversos países da América Latina passaram por profundas reformas econômico-políticas vinculadas aos empréstimos e financiamentos do Grupo do Banco Mundial para difusão do Projeto Neoliberal. A realização, em março de 1990 da Conferência Mundial de Educação para Todos (UNESCO, 1990) expressa a convergência da função e da concepção de educação escolar com as linhas definidas pelo Consenso de Washington, em 1989. Assinala um momento histórico de enraizamento da forma de organização e gerenciamento da educação diante do processo de reestruturação econômica, política, social e cultural, em construção com a efetivação da Reforma dos Estados Latinoamericanos, guardadas as proporções quanto as particularidades de cada país e também do nível de efetivação das receitas do Consenso de Washington, colocadas em prática. Desse modo, o presente trabalho buscou apresentar as realidades e conjunturas de Brasil e Paraguai por meio das legislações educacionais produzidas nos anos 1990 a partir da recomendações do BIRD e BID para respaldar o processo da penetração do projeto neoliberal nesses países da América Latina. Os empréstimos realizados pelo BIRD ou BID para a educação escolar tinham seus objetivos direcionados para os encaminhamentos políticos dos governos para a manutenção da ordem econômica e o aprofundamento da internacionalização e concentração de capital para o setor financeiro. Em razão dos grandes desembolsos financeiros destes Organismos, com a exigência das garantias das contrapartidas dos países e/ou estados federados tomadores de empréstimos, houve aumento expressivo das dívidas externas, da forma de organização jurídico-política dos Estados e de uma disseminação ideológica do neoliberalismo, que foram veiculadas nos referidos empréstimos para projetos em vários setores da economia e da área social, particularmente os para a educação escolar. Esta pesquisa envolve, de modo geral, a compreensão acerca do papel dos Organismos Internacionais Multilaterais na formulação e implementação de políticas educacionais orientadas pelo Projeto Neoliberal e; especificamente, a identificação no contexto brasileiro e paraguaio sobre a influência do BIRD e BID por meio do assessoramento técnico-financeiro. É necessário ressaltar, os empréstimos dessas Agências Financeiras para os referidos países não encontrou-se limitado ao assessoramento técnico, mas sobretudo permeou um caráter ideológico e político do capitalismo em seu novo modelo de expressão. As implicações destes acordos incidiram no modo organizacional e no direcionamento das políticas educacionais. Não possuiu um caráter eminentemente econômico, mas abrangeu os aspectos sociais, políticos e ideológicos. Portanto, as características das reformas neoliberais na América Latina, quanto às políticas educativas, em destaque para o Brasil e Paraguai foram a expansão do tempo de escolarização, por meio da estipulação de anos obrigatórios, estabelece um mínino de carga horária e dias letivos por meio de um calendário escolar. Outro aspecto reserva-se à redistribuição de funções e responsabilidade entre os níveis dos sistemas, além das especializações e racionalização dos recursos humanos.
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Bezerra, Darci Ordonio dos Santos. "Educação ambiental não-formal : a práxis coletiva dos pescadores artesanais no rio Paraguai Cáceres/Mato Grosso/Brasil." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1660.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:29:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2760.pdf: 8780436 bytes, checksum: 9628ba28d4e38390905874820ef90052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-28<br>Cáceres is situated to the left edge of High Paraguai river, in the Region Center-West, Brazil, possessing co-ordinated: south latitude (16º 11' 42' ') e longitude west (57º 40' 51' ') with altitude of 118 meters above sea level. This research was carried through with the objective to know the perception of the professional fishing of the Z-2 Colony with regard to the ambient functions, potentialities and to the impacts of the Paraguay river throughout the urban perimeter of the city of Cáceres/MT, in order to become possible the participation of all the involved ones in activities of Environmental Education, aiming at the environment conservation and the improvement of quality of life in the daily one of these people. Fishing has great importance for the Cáceres population, therefore it is the economic base for many families of low income who use waters of High Paraguai river, vestibule of the Pantanal Weed. The used methodological procedures for the collection of data had been documentary analysis, participant comment, informal dialogues, interviews, works of field, application of questionnaires, accomplishment of workshops, dynamic of group, lectures, systematization and interpretation of data. As results, we concluded that the professional fishing have faced a series of problems generated for fish predatory, for the deforestation and the tourism not guided, inconsequence practical that come causing difficulties in the supply fishing boat (amount) and in the biodiversity of ictiofauna (species) throughout the time, beyond social environmental impacts in the Paraguai river, as exclusion of the professionals of fishes, sanding up and erosion of the edges. Many of them point the polluting activities and predatory, they are conscientious that they can help the environment agencies and present suggestions for the questions of professional and sportive´s fishes. From the identification of the collective problems that face and the interpretation of the perception that they possess on such questions, it was possible to carry through practical of Environmental Education, taking in consideration the open and critical dialogue. It was evidenced that the environment management of Cáceres applied to the Paraguai river is not adjusted, lacking a rigorous fiscalization for it fishes predatory and bigger opening for the participation of the professional fishing in the public administration.<br>Cáceres está situada à margem esquerda do Alto Paraguai, na Região Centro-Oeste, Brasil, possuindo coordenadas: latitude sul (16º 11' 42'') e longitude oeste (57º 40' 51'') com altitude de 118 metros acima do nível do mar. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de conhecer a percepção dos pescadores profissionais da Colônia Z-2 com relação às funções ambientais, potencialidades e aos impactos do rio Paraguai ao longo do perímetro urbano da cidade de Cáceres/MT, a fim de tornar possível a participação de todos os envolvidos em atividades de Educação Ambiental, visando a conservação ambiental e a melhoria de qualidade de vida no cotidiano dessas pessoas. A pesca tem grande importância para a população de Cáceres-MT, pois é a base econômica para muitas famílias de baixa renda que utilizam as águas do Alto Paraguai, portal do Pantanal Mato-grossense. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram análise documental, observação participante, diálogos informais, entrevistas, trabalhos de campo, aplicação de questionários, realização de oficinas, dinâmicas de grupo, palestras, sistematização e interpretação de dados. Como resultados, concluimos que os pescadores profissionais têm enfrentado uma série de problemas gerados pela pesca predatória, pelo desmatamento e pelo turismo não orientado, práticas inconseqüentes que vêm causando dificuldades no estoque pesqueiro (quantidade) e na biodiversidade da ictiofauna (espécies) ao longo do tempo, além de impactos socioambientais no rio Paraguai, como exclusão dos profissionais da pesca, assoreamento e erosão das margens. Muitos deles apontam as atividades poluidoras e predatórias, estão conscientes que podem ajudar aos órgãos ambientais e apresentam sugestões para as questões da pesca profissional e esportiva. A partir da identificação dos problemas coletivos que enfrentam e da interpretação da percepção que possuem sobre tais questões, foi possível realizar práticas de Educação Ambiental, levando-se em consideração o diálogo aberto e crítico. Constatou-se que a gestão ambiental no âmbito municipal e mesmo regional para o rio Paraguai carece de atenção, tanto pelo poder público como pela população e pelo setor privado, faltando uma rigorosa fiscalização para a pesca predatória e maior abertura para a participação dos pescadores profissionais na gestão pública.
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Kasper, Sandra Regina Severo. "A luta internacional dos trabalhadores em educação: um estudo sobre os sindicatos em educação pública da fronteira Brasil-Paraguai-Argentina." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/2985.

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Submitted by Miriam Lucas (miriam.lucas@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-01T17:23:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Sandra_Severo_Kasper_2017.pdf: 9517391 bytes, checksum: f1f561f5dffc998681ee3dd8e114f48d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-01T17:23:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Sandra_Severo_Kasper_2017.pdf: 9517391 bytes, checksum: f1f561f5dffc998681ee3dd8e114f48d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-09<br>This máster thesis delimits the comparative study of the structures of formal organization of unions in education of the Brazil-Paraguay-Argentina border, with the general objective of verifying if there is evidence of internationalist articulation among unions of public education workers in this region. The cut of the comparative study occurred in the formal organizational structures of the National Union of Educators, National Union, Ciudad del Este-Alto Paraná-Paraguay Base Committee (hereinafter UNE-SN-CDE), APP- Union of workers in education (hereinafter referred to as APP-FI) and the Union of Teachers of the Province of Misiones (hereinafter UDPM-PI), the Trade Union Department of Puerto Iguazú-Misiones-Argentina. The central question of this study was: do the formal structures of these unions reveal evidence of internationalist initiatives among workers' unions in the education of the Foz do Iguaçu-Brazil, Ciudad del Este-Paraguay and Puerto Iguazú-Argentina frontiers? What are the similarities and differences in the formal organizational structures of these unions? The initial understanding is that these unions had in common the territorial proximity, given by the Brazil-Paraguay-Argentina border. We chose as method of research the Historical Dialectical Materialism, the general categories that guided the study were praxis, totality and contradiction. We analyze the categories of content: nationalism, proletarian internationalism, I, II, III and IV editions of the International Workers' Association (1st chapter), the Brazilian scientific production on proletarian internationalism, currently (2nd chapter). Through the methodological resources of interviewing and documentary analysis, we performed the comparative analysis of oral histories, formal organization structures and union documents UNE-SN-CDE, APP-FI and UDPM-PI evidencing the internationalist articulations found (3rd chapter). The results of the study show that there are few, occasional, individualized, discontinuous and sparse internationalist articulation initiatives, materialized in the form of meetings, meetings and participation in seminars and congresses.<br>Nesta dissertação de mestrado delimitamos o estudo na comparação das estruturas de organização formal de sindicatos em educação da fronteira Brasil-Paraguai-Argentina, com o objetivo geral de verificar se há indícios de articulação internacionalista dentre sindicatos dos trabalhadores da educação pública nesta região. O recorte do estudo comparado se deu nas estruturas de organização formal da Unión Nacional de Educadores, Sindicato Nacional, Comité de Base Ciudad del Este-Alto Paraná-Paraguai (doravante denominada UNE-SN-CDE), da APP-Sindicato dos trabalhadores em eduacação pública do Paraná-núcleo sindical de Foz do Iguaçu-Paraná-Brasil (doravante denominada APP-FI) e da Unión de docentes de la província de Misiones (doravante denominada U.D.P.M.-PI) Departamento Sindical de Puerto Iguazú-Misiones-Argentina. Os questionamentos centrais deste estudo foram: as estruturas formais desses sindicatos revelam indícios de iniciativas internacionalistas entre sindicatos de trabalhadores em educação da fronteira Foz do Iguaçu-Brasil, Ciudad del Este-Paraguai e Puerto Iguazú-Argentina? Quais as semelhanças e quais as diferenças nas estruturas organizativas formais desses sindicatos? A compreensão inicial é que estes sindicatos tinham em comum à proximidade territorial, dada pela fronteira Brasil-Paraguai-Argentina. Elegemos como método de pesquisa o Materialismo Histórico Dialético, as categorias gerais que nortearam o estudo foram a práxis, a totalidade e a contradição. Analisamos mediante uma revisão de literatura, as categorias de conteúdo: nacionalismo, internacionalismo proletário, as I, II, III e IV edições da Associação Internacional dos Trabalhadores (1º capítulo), a produção científica brasileira sobre internacionalismo proletário, na atualidade (2º capítulo). Através dos recursos metodológicos de entrevistas e análise documental, realizamos a análise comparativa: das histórias orais, das estruturas de organização formal e de documentos dos sindicatos UNE-SN-CDE, APP-FI e U.D.P.M.-PI evidenciando as articulações internacionalistas encontradas (3º capítulo). Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que existem poucas, eventuais, individualizadas, descontínuas e esparsas iniciativas de articulação internacionalista, materializadas na forma de reuniões, encontros e participação em seminários e congressos.
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Gasparin, Marlene Niehues. "Políticas linguísticas e representação de identidades: um estudo etnográfico em uma comunidade plurilíngue/pluricultural no Paraguai." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2575.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT Marlene Gasparin2.pdf: 1686472 bytes, checksum: 90c8b8031663b8e11c6cbae692f99d89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This study was conducted in Paraguayan territory, more precisely in a plurilingual community called Tupilandia located in the municipality of Yuty in Ca'azapá department. Aiming to understand, through ethnographic studies, how they work, both at school and social, language policies of bilingual education in Paraguay against other languages transiting in place as the Spanish language, jopara, Guarani and Portuguese, and how identity representations are built ,language and culture by its speakers. This community is constituted as plurilingual thanks to the presence of several languages that transit in the same context: the official languages of Paraguay, Spanish and Guarani; Portuguese, the language of Brazilian immigrants living in the community; the jopara language, language 'hybrid' resulting from the 'mix' between Spanish and Guarani. The local school appears as a bilingual institution that feactures on its resumé recognize and work with the two official languages of the country and rebuild, so a sense of national identity. However, it does not legitimize other languages that are circulating in that place. In this process, it appears another challenge as, in this school location, the two official languages coexist differently and play different roles according to specific social functions, in other words, the Spanish language, which is considered as the language of social and economic prestige, is not used, in oral form, the majority of the local population, although it is the most used language in writing practice. The Guarani language taught in school is not recognized as the one they use in their daily practices. So call jopara his linguistic repertoire in the local language practices. The theoretical and methodological approach to data generation and analysis is located in the area of Applied Linguistics, anchoring the interpretive qualitative research and Ethnography (Erickson, 1989; Denzin and LINCOLN, 2006; LUDKE and André, 1986; MOITA LOPES 2006). In addition to these approaches, also part of the theoretical and methodological approach to the study of language policies and educational policies, as Calvet contributions (2002/2007); Oliveira (2010, 2009); Rajagopalan (2003; 2004); Maher (2007); Caesar and Cavalcanti (2007); Canagarajah (2013); Garcia (2013); Street (2014), among others. Also discussed were the representation and identity concepts (CANCLINI, 2011; PIRES-SANTOS, 2004; PENNYCOOK, 2006; HALL, 2000/2011). The records were obtained through participant observation, classroom audio recording and interviews with students and parents, Brazilians and Paraguayans. In this research were answered two research questions: a) how the educational language policies are undertaken in the school community Tupilandia, in view of the Guarani languages, Spanish, Portuguese and jopara?; b) how the representations of linguistic identities are constructed in such plurilingual and multicultural scenery? The analysis showed that the language policies and representations are crossed by several social, ideological and political, both locally and translocally. The analysis of the speeches and statements of the interlocutors was possible to notice that students, teachers and the local population, whether Paraguayans, Brazilians or "brasiguaios" tend to negotiate intermeddle and move between the various possibilities of language practices and social practices order to achieve a particular purpose sociocommunicative. However, for the representations assigned to languages by its speakers, it became clear that are built in different ways, at times and in different contexts of their practices, in other words, people give meaning to their languages are governed by separate identity and cultural ideals.<br>O presente estudo foi realizado no território paraguaio, mais precisamente em uma comunidade plurilíngue denominada Tupilandia, localizada no município de Yuty, no departamento de Ca azapá. Objetivando compreender, mediante estudos etnográficos, como funcionam, tanto no meio escolar como social, as políticas linguísticas de educação bilíngue do Paraguai frente a outras línguas que transitam no local como a língua espanhola, jopara, guarani e português e como são construídas as representações identitárias, linguísticas e culturais pelos seus falantes. Esta comunidade constitui-se como plurilíngue graças à presença de várias línguas que transitam no mesmo contexto: as línguas oficiais do Paraguai, espanhol e guarani; a língua portuguesa, língua dos imigrantes brasileiros que residem na comunidade; a língua jopara, língua ‗híbrida resultante da ‗mistura entre o espanhol e guarani. A escola local configura-se como uma instituição bilíngue que apresenta em seu currículo reconhecer e trabalhar com as duas línguas oficiais do país e reconstruir, assim, uma ideia de identidade nacional. No entanto, não legitima outras línguas que estão veiculadas no entorno. Nesse processo, se presencia outro desafio à medida que, nessa localidade escolar, as duas línguas oficiais coexistem de forma diferenciada e desempenham papéis divergentes de acordo com específicas funções sociais, isto é, a língua espanhola, tida como língua de prestígio social e econômico, não é utilizada na forma oral pela maioria da população local, embora seja a língua mais utilizada na prática escrita. A língua guarani ensinada na escola não é reconhecida como aquela que usam em suas práticas cotidianas. Assim, denominam jopara, seu repertório linguístico nas práticas de linguagem locais. A abordagem teórico-metodológica para geração e análise dos dados se situa na área da Linguística Aplicada, se ancorando na pesquisa qualitativa interpretativista e na Etnografia (ERICKSON, 1989; DENZIN e LINCOLN, 2006; LUDKE e ANDRÉ, 1986; MOITA LOPES 2006). Além destas abordagens, também fizeram parte da abordagem teórico-metodológica os estudos sobre políticas linguísticas e políticas educacionais, conforme contribuições de Calvet (2002/2007); Oliveira (2010, 2009); Rajagopalan (2003; 2004); Maher (2007); César e Cavalcanti (2007); Canagarajah (2013); Garcia (2013); Street (2014), entre outros. Também foram abordados os conceitos de representação e identidade (CANCLINI, 2011; PIRES SANTOS, 2004; PENNYCOOK, 2006; HALL, 2000/2011). Os registros foram obtidos por meio de observação participativa, gravação de aula em áudio e entrevista com alunos e pais, brasileiros e paraguaios. Nesta pesquisa foram respondidas duas perguntas de pesquisa: a) como as políticas linguísticas educacionais são empreendidas na comunidade escolar de Tupilandia, tendo em vista as línguas guarani, espanhol, português e jopara?; b) como são construídas as representações das identidades linguísticas, nesse cenário plurilíngue e pluricultural? A análise evidenciou que as políticas linguísticas e as representações estão atravessadas por diversos fatores sociais, ideológicos e políticos, tanto local como translocalmente. Pelas análises das falas dos interlocutores foi possível notar que os alunos, os professores e a população local, sejam eles paraguaios, brasileiros ou ―brasiguaios‖, procuram negociar, intervir e transitar entre as diversas possibilidades de práticas de linguagem e práticas sociais a fim de concretizar um determinado propósito sóciocomunicativo. Todavia, quanto às representações atribuídas às línguas pelos seus falantes, evidenciou-se que são construídas de formas diferentes, em momentos e contextos divergentes de suas práticas, isto é, as pessoas dão significado às suas línguas orientadas por diferentes ideais identitários e culturais.
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Paiva, Aline Cristina. "Políticas educacionais para diversidade e escolas nas fronteiras: o caso de Foz do Iguaçu com a Argentina e o Paraguai." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3593.

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Submitted by Miriam Lucas (miriam.lucas@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-08T12:36:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Aline_Cristina_Paiva_2016.pdf: 1489035 bytes, checksum: 32fe2283485e4b715b9658ccbe49ea81 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-08T12:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Aline_Cristina_Paiva_2016.pdf: 1489035 bytes, checksum: 32fe2283485e4b715b9658ccbe49ea81 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-15<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The objective of this study is from the relationship school and state, investigate educational policies and consider whether they make it possible to work with diversity on the border of Foz do Iguaçu, in the state of Paraná. The Brazilian city, along with Ciudad del Este in Paraguay and Puerto Iguazu in Argentina, form the triple border, which among other characteristics, is known for tourism and the intense trade relations. The process of formation of Foz do Iguaçu was marked by the influence of the border countries and the presence of other nationalities and ethnicities. It is, therefore, a city not only different by the presence of Paraguayan and Argentinean neighbors, but that is also shared by Lebanese, Chinese, Korean, Chilean, Bolivian, Italian, among others. The school and educational policies in this context become the center of this research, since the school is a major means of training and socialization of individuals and may contribute to the integration process, the intercultural bias, or other hand, being a border, to disregard the existence of ethnic and cultural diversity that makes up the school environment. The reasons for the discussions in this work pass necessarily by the nation-state relationship with school.The history of education in Foz do Iguaçu and the history of educational policies in Brazil reveal how the school is an important institution in the national identity formation, and how they impact relations in border schools. To analyze the educational policies for diversity policies were analyzed educational documents from the Constitution of 1988, it derived the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education in 1996 and the National Curriculum Guidelines for cultural plurality in 1997. These two policies, along with the State Plan for 2015 Paraná Education and basic curriculum for public school in western Paraná, made by the Association of western Paraná Cities (AMOP) in 2007. to discuss public policies in the border region implies think of the region as a whole. An example of an educational policy for border, is the Intercultural Bilingual School Program, the Mercosur initiative, which passed through discussions with other countries in the border region. In the city of Foz do the program takes place at the Municipal School Adele Zanotto Scalco and aims to contribute to the integral formation of children, adolescents and young people, through the articulation of actions aimed at regional integration through intercultural education by offering the bilingual education.In order to get to know an educational policy, there were two interviews with Brazilian teachers, one former member of the program and the other, which entered the year 2015 with the interviews it was possible to collect the first impressions of the program in Foz do Iguaçu, its challenges and its importance as an educational policy in the field of linguistics integrationist content to influence future public policy.<br>O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar as relações entre políticas educacionais e a diversidade cultural presente na fronteira de Foz do Iguaçu, localizada no estado do Paraná. A cidade brasileira, juntamente com Ciudad del Este no Paraguai e Puerto Iguazú na Argentina, formam a tríplice fronteira, que dentre outras características, é conhecida pelo turismo e pelas intensas relações comerciais. O processo de formação de Foz do Iguaçu foi marcado pela influência dos países da fronteira e pela presença de outras nacionalidades e etnias. Trata-se, portanto, de uma cidade, não apenas diversa pela presença dos paraguaios e argentinos, mas que também é compartilhada por libaneses, chineses, coreanos, chilenos, bolivianos, italianos, dentre outros. A escola e as políticas educacionais para esse contexto é o centro desta pesquisa, na medida em que a instituição escolar é um importante espaço de socialização. A história da educação em Foz do Iguaçu e a história das políticas educacionais no Brasil revelam como a escola é uma instituição importante na formação da identidade nacional e como estas afetam a relação com o „outro‟. Nesse sentido, foram analisados documentos de políticas educacionais para a diversidade implementadas após a Constituição de 1988, sendo elas: a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para a pluralidade cultural de 1997, o Plano Estadual de Educação do Paraná de 2015 e o currículo básico para a escola pública municipal do oeste do Paraná, feita pela Associação dos Municípios do Oeste do Paraná (AMOP), em 2007. Por último buscou-se analisar o Programa Escola Intercultural Bilíngue, iniciativa do Mercosul, que tem como objetivo integrar as regiões fronteiriças por meio da educação. Com base nas analises das políticas educacionais para a diversidade, principalmente a partir de 1988, verificou-se uma tendência universalista dessas políticas para a diversidade que difere da diversidade particular vivida em Foz do Iguaçu.
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Britt, Joshua Edward. "Enlightenment on the Margins: The Catholic Enlightenment as Reflected in Ludovico Antonio Muratori's Il Cristianesimo Felice nelle Missioni De' Padri della Compagnia di Gesù nel Paraguai." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5349.

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My research analyzes the way in which Ludovico Antonio Muratori portrayed marginal peoples of the New World in his Il Cristianesimo Felice nelle Missioni De' Padri della Compagnia di Gesù nel Paraguai, published in 1743. I argue that Muratori used his portrayal of the native people of Paraguay as a means to express his ideas of how to reform the Catholic Church, at a time when Catholicism was just experiencing the first waves of enlightened influence from the north. I engage with scholarship on the Enlightenment that has addressed specifically the cultural impact of what has been called the Catholic Enlightenment in Italy. In this scholarship Il Cristianesimo Felice has been virtually unrepresented, and I argue that it is a valuable resource in gaining a better understanding the reform agendas of Muratori and the Catholic Enlightenment movement in Italy. I center my analysis on two specific elements in Il Cristianesimo Felice. First, I address Muratori's assessment of the four political systems administered simultaneously by the native population, the Spaniards, the Mamelusses, and the Jesuits. Through my analysis of Muratori's representation of these systems, I situate him in the politically conservative Catholic Enlightenment and establish his commitment to the paternalistic social order prevailing in Europe in the eighteenth century. Second, I show that Muratori reveals broader ideas about religion and superstition as conceived by the Catholic Enlightenment movement in his account of the interaction between the Jesuit missionaries and the Paraguayans in the reductions. In conclusion, this study shows that Il Cristianesimo Felice is a source that historians of the Catholic Enlightenment movement should revisit, as it represents Ludivico Antonio Muratori's Pubblica Felicita in the flesh.
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17

Mufatto, Lidiane Maciel. "O projeto especial multinacional de educação – Brasil – Paraguai - Uruguai e a concepção da escola pública na região oeste do Paraná: 1975 a 1983." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3404.

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Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2018-02-22T17:06:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Lidiane_Mafatto2016.pdf: 12521946 bytes, checksum: 8644878820eee4cf317deb5c04ec23f7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-22T17:06:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Lidiane_Mafatto2016.pdf: 12521946 bytes, checksum: 8644878820eee4cf317deb5c04ec23f7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-17<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This dissertation aims to analyze the Project Multinational Education Brazil-Paraguay-Uruguay - OAS (1975-1983). It discusses the context in which the document was prepared, the factors that determined its presence in western of Parana state and the conception of education in that time. We will take into account the hegemonic forces and against hegemonic who worked in the dynamics of your execution and the demands for schooling of local and regional society. It also analyzes the relationship between state, society and education, considering investments in the area to advance the market. The methodology involved in this work, understands the importance of the historical context of its production from bibliographical references and primary and secondary sources covering the social, cultural, economic and political elements. We aim to examine the genesis and implementation of the MEC Project. The research intend to mainly discuss the design of public school in this exposed documents with the social demands of western Paraná state region with the historical context surrounding the national and international level of the project. As one of our conclusion elements, we understand that the concept of public education in western Paraná is evident in the course of conduct of the MEC/OAS Project, carrying out studies and analyzes of the history of the region, its performance was simultaneously with the political relations, social and educational. As one of the factors that the Project focused, an action as a contribution is the origin of the Western Parana State University (UNIOESTE), which is characterized as a multicampi university. Precisely because of these activities, with the implementation of higher education courses in both was focused by the Project on training of human resources, the region has been mobilized for its development. With the organization and planning of their activities sought to achieve with its educational investment in virtually the entire region.<br>Esta dissertação tem como objeto de análise o Projeto Especial Multinacional de Educação Brasil-Paraguai-Uruguai - OEA (1975-1983). Discute o contexto em que o documento foi elaborado, os fatores que determinaram sua presença no Oeste Paranaense bem como a concepção de educação que estava sendo encaminhada. Levaremos em conta as forças hegemônicas e contra hegemônicas que atuavam na dinâmica de sua execução bem como as demandas pela escolarização da sociedade local e regional. Analisa as relações entre Estado, sociedade e educação, considerando os investimentos na área para o avanço do mercado. A metodologia que envolvemos neste trabalho, compreende a importância do contexto histórico de sua elaboração a partir de referencial bibliográfico e fontes primárias e secundárias contemplando os elementos sociais, culturais, econômicos e políticos. Temos como objetivo examinar a gênese e implantação do Projeto MEC/. Visa, sobretudo, discutir a concepção de escola pública presente nos documentos em confronto com as demandas sociais da região Oeste do Paraná com o contexto histórico que envolve o projeto de nível nacional e internacional. Como um de nossos elementos de conclusão compreendemos a concepção de educação pública na região Oeste do Paraná fica evidente no decorrer da conduta do Projeto MEC/OEA, com a realização de estudos e análises dos antecedentes da região, sua atuação foi simultaneamente com as relações políticas, sociais e educacionais. Como um dos fatores que as ações do Projeto incidiram como contribuição é a origem da UNIOESTE, que é caracterizada como uma universidade multicampi. Justamente devido à estas atividades, com a implantação de cursos de ensino superior em que tanto foi focado pelo Projeto na formação de recursos humanos, a região foi mobilizada pelo seu desenvolvimento. Com a organização e os planejamentos das suas atividades procurou atingir com seus investimentos educacionais em praticamente toda a região.
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18

Jacondino, Eduardo Nunes. "Poder/saber e corpo : os regimes e a construção microfísica da profissionalização da segurança pública." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/39436.

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As sociedades ocidentais têm vivenciado processos difusos pelos quais, por um lado, institucionalizam sistemas políticos democráticos, com a ampliação de uma gama de direitos individuais e sociais. Por outro lado, têm vivenciado o crescimento de processos de desestabilização referentes ao controle social, ancorados em fenômenos tais como o crescimento das formas de violência e de criminalidade. Esta ambivalência tem sido caracterizada pelo conceito de modernidade tardia. Neste quadro, o papel da polícia, instituição que emergiu ligada à expansão do poder do Estado, de manter a ordem, garantir a segurança das cidades e lutar contras as formas de delinquência, tem sido foco de críticas, notadamente no que se refere à questão do uso da força. O clássico modelo educativo dado aos policiais – notadamente aos policiais militares – passa a ser alvo frequente de análises que apregoam a necessidade da construção de um novo perfil profissional. Modelo que auxilie as instituições policiais a superarem os padrões militarizados, hierárquicos, ligados a uma postura combativa e focada no crime. Não obstante, a formação dos policiais tem transcorrido, de forma recorrente, dentro das corporações policiais, caracterizadas pela existência de padrões de conduta disciplinares que mantém uma conformação específica de educação, bem como consolida mecanismos formativos muito diferentes daqueles preconizados pelos críticos. Este emaranhado de elementos que perpassam os processos formativos de policiais militares (brasileiros e paraguaios) conforma um campo de saberes/poderes que delimitam os embates travados em torno da formação dos policiais.<br>The Western societies have experienced diffused processes by which, on the one hand, institutionalize democratic political systems, with the expansion of several individual and social rights. On the other hand, they have experienced the development of destabilization processes concerning the social control, based on phenomena such as the development of forms of violence and crime. This ambivalence has been characterized by the concept of late modernity. In this context, the police role, an institution that emerged related to the expansion of State power, is to keep the order, ensure safety of cities and fight against forms of delinquency, but this has been a focus of criticism, especially regarding the issue of the use of force. The classical model of education, given to the policemen, especially the military police, becomes a frequent target of analyses that proclaim the necessity to establish a new professional profile. A model that assists the police authorities to overcome the militarized, hierarchical patterns, which are associated to a combative attitude and focused on crime. Nevertheless, the training of police has passed on a recurring basis, inside the police companies, characterized by the existence of disciplinary standards of conduction that maintains a conformation-specific education, training and consolidating very different mechanisms from those recommended by the critics. This mixing of elements that run through the training processes for police officers (Brazilian and Paraguayan) forms a field of knowledge/power that surrounds the difficulties lived by the policemen concerning their training.
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Silva, Izabel da. "Políticas linguísticas em um contexto transfronteiriço: representações de professores sobre o Pacto Nacional pelo Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio - PNEM." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2578.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:07:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Izabel da Silva 2.pdf: 2081576 bytes, checksum: 4749200409a70de40cb092acf4eaf0e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-25<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This research aimed to investigate how the Pacto Nacional pelo Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio - PNEM - is inscribed in language and education policies and what representations the research partners build, locally, on this continuing education in a cross-border school context of the city of Foz do Iguaçu/PR. In order to achieve the proposed objective, I sought to answer two research questions: 1) How language policies, combined with educational policies, historically, have been built in Brazil, among them the PNEM? and 2) What representations of a multidisciplinary group of teachers and pedagogues are evidenced locally through their discursive practices, on the continuing education policy PNEM? The research in question sought to achieve an interface between the theoretical and methodological field of Applied Linguistics (hereinafter LA) and Education (KLEIMAN, 1998; PENNYCOOK, 1998; BAKHTIN (VOLOCHINOV) ([1929] 2006; RAJAGOPALAN, 2006, 2013; etc). Thus, I made a cutout covering Linguistic Policy and Educational Policy in the theoretical foundation of the research (HAMEL, 1993; CALVET, 2002; SHOHAMY, 2006, 2010; SAVIANI, 2008, 2011; JAFFE, 2009; SHIROMA et. al., 2011; MAHER, 2013; among others). So I opted for a methodology of qualitative / interpretative and ethnographic (ERICKSON, 1989; DENZIN & LINCOLN, 2006; FLICK, 2009). The dissertation was organized into three chapters. In the first chapter, I presented the theoretical and methodological approach of the research; I contextualize the linguistic and cultural reality and superdiversity the border region that circumscribes the city of Foz do Iguaçu/PR and the Colégio Estadual Ipê Roxo; as well as the reordering of PNEM locally. The constitution of the corpus consists of: field notes from participant observation of collective meetings at school, during the year 2015; the formation of books I, II and IV of Step 2 of the PNEM and their production activities collective textual; and excerpts from the discursive practices of participants in a focus group. The second chapter has attempted to answer the first research question. The results indicated that with the colonization of Brazil, also undertook a linguistic colonization (MARIANI, 2004); and with it come the first actions of linguistic and educational policies as "Regiments" of D. João III, the Pombaline Reform, with the imposition of the Portuguese language by the Diretório do Índios in 1757 (SOARES, 2008); or, in the twentieth century, the linguistic repression established to immigrants and their descendants, in the government of the Estado Novo; among many others. In Chapter 2, I noted also that different concepts of language were underlying the teaching and language policies of each historical moment in Brazil. The third chapter sought to answer the second research question. The analysis and interpretation of the data showed, among other things, that the parties had representations sometimes contradictory regarding the continuing education of PNEM. For the same time they seemed to assume a position of language policy agents, resisting the top-down policy (SHOHAMY, 2006); at other times, they end up claiming that the training was also conducted for teachers of Ensino Fundamental II. In fact, I realized that the lack of debate in collective meetings, unable by reordering the PNEM locally, made important issues to local realities, such as the linguistic and cultural diversity, were minimally discussed. Furthermore, the analysis of the documents governing the PNEM and Training books, as well as the interpretation of the discursive practices of the interlocutors revealed distinct focus of attention. On the one hand, the representations of the parties on the students of Colégio Estadual Ipê Roxo, proved almost always negatively stereotypical way; with the statement that the diversity of the local reality determines a priori the students learning problems. On the other hand, the documents show greater concern for the rights to student learning, however, did not mention what could be the rights of teachers. Although the contract clearly define as a requirement that the teacher articulates theory and practice in the context of the classroom, the authors of the continuing education of PNEM end up neglecting their methodological part.<br>Esta pesquisa buscou investigar como o Pacto Nacional pelo Fortalecimento do Ensino Médio PNEM se inscreve nas políticas linguísticas e educacionais e quais representações os interlocutores da pesquisa constroem, localmente, sobre essa formação continuada, em um contexto escolar transfronteiriço da cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. No intuito de concretizar o objetivo proposto, procurei responder a duas perguntas de pesquisa: 1) Como as políticas linguísticas, aliadas às políticas educacionais, foram construídas historicamente no Brasil, entre estas o PNEM? e 2) Quais representações de um grupo multidisciplinar de professores e pedagogos são evidenciadas localmente, por meio de suas práticas discursivas, sobre a política de formação continuada do PNEM? A pesquisa em questão procurou realizar uma interface entre o campo teórico-metodológico da Linguística Aplicada (doravante LA) e a Educação (KLEIMAN, 1998; PENNYCOOK, 1998; BAKHTIN (VOLOCHINOV) ([1929] 2006; RAJAGOPALAN, 2006, 2013; entre outros). Dessa forma, fiz um recorte que abrangeu a Política Linguística e a Política Educacional na fundamentação teórica da pesquisa (HAMEL, 1993; CALVET, 2002; SHOHAMY, 2006, 2010; SAVIANI, 2008, 2011; JAFFE, 2009; SHIROMA et. al., 2011; MAHER, 2013; entre outros). Portanto, optei por uma metodologia de natureza qualitativa/interpretativa e de cunho etnográfico (ERICKSON, 1989; DENZIN e LINCOLN, 2006; FLICK, 2009). A dissertação foi organizada em três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, apresentei o percurso teórico-metodológico da pesquisa; contextualizei a realidade linguístico-cultural e superdiversa da região transfronteiriça que circunscreve a cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR e o Colégio Estadual Ipê Roxo; bem como, a reordenação do PNEM localmente. A constituição do corpus consistiu em: notas de campo da observação participante dos encontros coletivos realizados no colégio durante o ano de 2015; os Cadernos de Formação I, II e IV da Etapa 2 do PNEM e suas respectivas Atividades de Produção Textual coletiva; e em excertos das práticas discursivas dos participantes de um Grupo Focal. O segundo capítulo tentou responder a primeira pergunta de pesquisa. Os resultados indicaram que junto à colonização do território brasileiro, também se empreendeu uma colonização linguística (MARIANI, 2004), e com ela aparecem as primeiras ações de políticas linguísticas e educacionais como os Regimentos de D. João III, a Reforma Pombalina, com a imposição da língua portuguesa por meio do Diretório do Índios, em 1757 (SOARES, 2004), ou ainda, no século XX, a repressão linguística estabelecida aos imigrantes e seus descendentes, no governo do Estado Novo; entre tantas outras. No capítulo 2, observei também, que diferentes concepções de língua(gem) estiveram subjacentes ao ensino e às políticas linguísticas de cada momento histórico, no Brasil. O terceiro capítulo procurou responder à segunda pergunta de pesquisa. A análise e interpretação dos dados evidenciou, entre outras questões, que os interlocutores apresentaram representações, às vezes, contraditórias com relação à formação continuada do PNEM. Pois ao mesmo tempo, em que pareciam assumir um posicionamento de agentes de política linguística, resistindo à política de cima para baixo (topdown) (SHOHAMY, 2006); em outros, acabavam reivindicando que a formação também fosse realizada para os professores do Ensino Fundamental II. Com efeito, percebi que a falta de debate nos encontros coletivos, impossibilitado pela reordenação do PNEM localmente, fez com que questões importantes para a realidade local, a exemplo da diversidade linguístico-cultural, fossem minimamente discutidas. Além disso, a análise dos documentos que regem o PNEM e os Cadernos de Formação, bem como, a interpretação das práticas discursivas dos interlocutores revelaram focos de atenção distintos. Por um lado, as representações dos interlocutores sobre os alunos do Colégio Estadual Ipê Roxo se mostraram, quase sempre, de forma estereotipada negativamente; com a afirmação de que a diversidade da realidade local determina a priori os problemas de aprendizagem dos educandos. Por outro lado, os documentos mostram maior preocupação com os direitos à aprendizagem do aluno, porém, não citam quais poderiam ser os direitos dos professores. Embora, os cadernos explicitem como exigência que o professor articule teoria e prática, no contexto da sala de aula, os autores da formação continuada do PNEM acabam negligenciando esta articulação em sua parte metodológica
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Benítez, Abg Julia Elizabeth Bogado, and 包麗亞. "Taiwán''s Cooperation with Paraguay in Higher Education during the Period 2010-2015." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m96y57.

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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>亞洲研究所數位學習碩士在職專班<br>104<br>This research analyzes the relationship between the Economic Development and Higher Education with a focus on the development model of Taiwan and the cooperation of that country to Paraguay in this area during the period 2010-2015. Education plays an important role in economic and social development of the countries, hence it is appropriate to look at the success of others that are suitable as a paradigm to follow economies; in this case Taiwan, which has shown with the passing of the years that progress is possible through the implementation of sound policies in education, fostering generations of highly competitive professionals that contribute to productivity, innovation and economic growth.
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Chen, Tsu-chin, and 陳祖欽. "The study of literature and science educational diathesis promotion for the overseas schools of diplomatic allies-Chiang Kai Shek and Sun Yat Sen overseas schools in Paraguay." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zde7n2.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>應用華語文學系<br>102<br>Abstract There are totally 22 diplomatic allies with Taiwan by year 2013. It is worth highlighting that Paraguay is the only country that has diplomatic relationship with Taiwan in South America, it took the importance position for Taiwan. Therefore, Taiwan’s government has been always emphasizing on the importance of Chinese language learning for Chinese people in Paraguay. In spite of long distance between two countries, the government not only took initiative to establish oversea Chinese school, encouraged Chinese language teachers go to teach in Paraguay, but also conducted varies Taiwan-Paraguay bilateral cultural activities in the school campus. In addition, the government also assigned Chinese language teachers go to Paraguay to set up Chinese classes within local major universities at the year 2013 in order to develop the diplomatic friendship. The education about Chiang Kai Shek and Sun Yat Sen overseas schools in Paraguay is always simultaneously based on Taiwan’s updated teaching methodology and materials of primary and secondary school to provide literature and science education. For most overseas Chinese students, they got the admission without exam on schooling opportunities by universities in Taiwan as Returning Overseas Chinese Students, and most of them have good performance on literature and science education field. However, they still need to be improved on literature and science perspective and connotation in higher education. The conclusion of this study is to enhance the quality of literature and science educational diathesis in Paraguay as following: to improve international image on teaching Chinese to foreigners, to improve teaching efficiency by using internet, optimizing teaching can achieve good education results of Chinese and mathematics, to expand development of multiple languages and teaching “Chinese as a second language” in order to promote the cultural and educational interaction between both countries. In addition, this study also provides suggestions for improving global talent training, enhancing Chinese language proficiency to cultural dimension, and improve the understanding of structure in mathematical language, etc.
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