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1
Sternberg, Robert J. "Ability tests, measurements, and markets." Journal of Educational Psychology 84, no. 2 (1992): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.84.2.134.
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Scheirs, J. G. M. "A Priori and A Posteriori Tests on Repeated Measurements." Educational Psychology 12, no. 1 (January 1992): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341920120105.
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Oosterveld, Paul, and Johan Hoogstraten. "The Differential Predictive Validity of Two Measurements of Cognitive Ability." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3 (June 1996): 817–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3.817.
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In this study was compared the relative predictive power of an achievement test and a self-report questionnaire for cognitive abilities in the context of prediction of educational achievement. With average grades, the multiple correlation of scores on both tests administered to a sample of 232 pupils in secondary education showed only marginal differences.
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Moulin, Emmanuel. "Astroparticle Physics with H.E.S.S.: recents results and nearfuture prospects." EPJ Web of Conferences 209 (2019): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920901054.
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H.E.S.S. is an array of five Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located in Namibia. It is designed for observations of astrophysical sources emitting very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays in the energy range from a few ten GeVs to several ten TeVs. The H.E.S.S. instrument consists of four identical 12 m diameter telescopes and a 28 m diameter telescope placed at the center of the array. An ambitious Astroparticle Physics program is being carried out by the H.E.S.S. collaboration searching for New Physics in the VHE gamma-ray sky. The program includes the search for WIMP dark matter and axion-like particles, tests of Lorentz invariance, cosmic-ray electron measurements, and search for intergalactic magnetic fields. I will present the latest results on dark matter search from the observations of the Galactic Centre region, the search for Lorentz invariance violation with the 2014 flare observation of Markarian 501, and the first measurement of the cosmic-ray electron spectrum up to 20 TeV. The future of the H.E.S.S. Astroparticle Physics program will be discussed.
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Budakova, Anna V., Maxim V. Likhanov, Teemu Toivainen, Alexey V. Zhurbitskiy, Elina O. Sitnikova, Elizaveta M. Bezrukova, and Yulia Kovas. "Measuring Spatial Ability for Talent Identification, Educational Assessment, and Support: Evidence from Adolescents with High Achievement in Science, Arts, and Sports." Psychology in Russia: State of the Art 14, no. 2 (2021): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11621/pir.2021.0205.
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Background. Spatial ability (SA) is a robust predictor of academic and occupational achievement. The present study investigated the psychometric properties of 10 tests for measuring of SA in a sample of talented schoolchildren. Objective. Our purpose was to identify the most suitable measurements for SA for the purpose of talent identification, educational assessment, and support. Design. Our sample consisted of 1479 schoolchildren who had demonstrated high achievement in Science, Arts, or Sports. Several criteria were applied to evaluate the measurements, including an absence of floor and ceiling effects, low redundancy, high reliability, and external validity. Results. Based on these criteria, we included the following four tests in an Online Short Spatial Ability Battery “OSSAB”: Pattern Assembly; Mechanical Reasoning; Paper Folding; and Shape Rotation. Further analysis found differences in spatial ability across the three groups of gifted adolescents. The Science track showed the highest results in all four tests. Conclusion. Overall, the study suggested that the Online Short Spatial Ability Battery (OSSAB) can be used for talent identification, educational assessment, and support. The analysis showed a unifactorial structure of spatial abilities. Future research is needed to evaluate the use of this battery with other specific samples and unselected populations.
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Ricordeau, Philippe, Pierre Durieux, Alain Weill, Gilles Chatellier, Nathalie Vallier, Alvine Bissery, Pierre Fender, and Hubert Allemand. "EFFECT OF A NATIONWIDE PROGRAM OF EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH VISITS TO IMPROVE THE PROCESSES OF CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 19, no. 4 (December 2003): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462303000679.
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Objectives: To improve processes of ambulatory care for patients with type 2 diabetes in a nationwide program.Methods: Interrupted time-series analysis with audits of practice. To implement selected recommendations of national guidelines, educational outreach visits (office visits or phone discussions) were offered to all French physicians who diagnosed one case of type 2 diabetes during a six-month intervention period. Outcome measures were the number of HBA1c measurements recorded monthly in the medical insurance computer database and the proportion of diabetic patients for whom one test had been reimbursed during the previous six months (HBA1c, fasting blood glucose) or previous twelve months (serum cholesterol, serum creatinine, urine microalbumin, electrocardiogram, ophthalmologic examination).Results: A total of 15,522 office visits and 9,062 telephone discussions were performed among 22,940 physicians. The increase in the monthly proportion of the number of HBA1c tests to the total number of laboratory tests was higher during the intervention period than during the preintervention (p value<.0001) and postintervention periods (p value<.001). Between the first audit (n=651,574) and the third audit (n=911,871), HBA1c measurements increased from 41.2% to 60.5% and blood glucose measurements performed alone decreased from 38.8% to 18.7%. Urine microalbumin measurements increased from 10.6% before to 15.3% after intervention. Only a slight increase was observed for other tests.Conclusions: Physician to physician outreach visits can be an effective way to improve the processes of care for diabetes and to routinize nationwide use of practice guidelines.
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Nowak-Dzieszko, K., and T. Kisilewicz. "Internal particulate matter pollution in educational building." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017206008.
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The authors undertook research on the proper strategy of operation of educational building with gravitational ventilation in historic city center with high concentration of particulate matter PM10 and PM 2.5. In this facility the momentary increase in carbon dioxide concentration is often very high, and at the same time health requirements regarding atmospheric aerosol should be absolutely met. That is why long-term measurements of PM concentration outside and inside, as well as carbon dioxide concentration inside were carried out. CO2 was used also as a tracer gas for measurement of air change intensity. The article presents the first results of these tests and a correlation that occurs between the external and internal concentration of particulate matter PM 10 and PM 2.5. Due to a significant filtration effect of the external building envelope and particle deposition a potential conflict between required gravitational ventilation intensity and internal air pollution with particulate matters was partially reduced.
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Martín-Garín, Alexander, José Antonio Millán-García, Juan María Hidalgo-Betanzos, Rufino Javier Hernández-Minguillón, and Abderrahmane Baïri. "Airtightness Analysis of the Built Heritage–Field Measurements of Nineteenth Century Buildings through Blower Door Tests." Energies 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2020): 6727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246727.
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Airtightness is a major issue in architectural design and it has a significant impact on the energy performance of buildings. Moreover, the energy behaviour of built heritage is due, to its singular characteristics, still a great unknown. The aim of this study is to establish a better knowledge of the airtightness of historical buildings, based on an in depth field study using blower-door tests. A set of 37 enclosures were analyzed inside eight buildings located in historical areas of a Spanish city with a significant built heritage. They were constructed between 1882 and 1919 and include diverse construction typologies applied for many building uses such as residential, cultural, educational, administrative and emblematic. The results indicate lower values compared to other previous airtightness studies of historical buildings. The average air change rate was found to be n50 = 9.03 h−1 and the airtightness of the enclosures presented a wide range of between 0.68 and 37.12 h−1. Three main levels of airtightness were identified with two thirds of the tested samples belonging to the intermediate level between 3–20 h−1. To conclude, several correlations have been developed which provide a method to estimate air leakage and could serve as a basis for energy performance studies of these kinds of building.
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Alyahya, Dalia, and Nada Almutairi. "The Impact of Electronic Tests on Students’ Performance Assessment." International Education Studies 12, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v12n5p109.
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This study has aimed to measure the effect of electronic tests on the academic achievements of middle school students in Arabic course. The sample has been divided into two groups; the experimental group and the non-experimental group after using the mixed experimental method. Statistical measurements had been used before, and after, the experiment for both groups; whereas, study tools were consisted of achievements test and focus group. The results have assured the existence of statistical differences between the experimental group and non-experimental group in the (language classification) category marks. The results have shown no statistical differences on the audio comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, handwriting skills, language style, grammatical function and writing expression categories marks, which give preferences to use the electronic test rather than the traditional (pen and paper) test. The study has concluded that teachers must be encouraged to perform continuous evaluation throughout the academic semester by applying electronic tests. They must emphasize on the importance of grounding rules and regulations to apply electronic tests in the educational institutions.
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Balluerka, Nekane, Ian Plewis, Arantxa Gorostiaga, and José-Luis Padilla. "Examining Sources of DIF in Psychological and Educational Assessment Using Multilevel Logistic Regression." Methodology 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-2241/a000076.
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In the last three decades, important progress has been made toward more efficient statistical techniques for detecting Differential Item Functioning (DIF). However, the findings are scant when it comes to explaining DIF. Multilevel regression models can expand the knowledge of DIF causes, specifying a DIF parameter that varies randomly over items and testing hypotheses on sources of DIF shared by item bundles. The present study uses multilevel logistic regression to identify the item characteristics that could explain the presence of DIF in short tests or questionnaires, which are usually used in psychological and educational assessment. The usefulness of the approach is tested on measurements of the attitudes toward science of Spanish and English pupils obtained from the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment database.
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Glas, Cees A. W. "Item response theory in educational assessment and evaluation." Mesure et évaluation en éducation 31, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1025005ar.
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Item response theory provides a useful and theoretically well-founded framework for educational measurement. It supports such activities as the construction of measurement instruments, linking and equating measurements, and evaluation of test bias and differential item functioning. It further provides underpinnings for item banking and flexible test administration designs, such as multiple matrix sampling, flexi-level testing, and computerized adaptive testing. First, a concise introduction to the principles of IRT models is given. The models discussed pertain to dichotomous items (items that are scored as either correct or incorrect) and polytomous items (items with partial credit scoring, such as most types of openended questions and performance assessments). Second, it is shown how an IRT measurement model can be enhanced with a structural model, such as, for instance, an analysis of variance model, to relate data from achievement and ability tests to students’ background variables, such as socio-economic status, intelligence or cultural capital, to school variables, and to features of the schooling system. Two applications are presented. The first one pertains to equating and linking of assessments, and the second one to a combination of an IRT measurement model and a multilevel linear model useful in school effectiveness research.
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Reisberg, Kirkke, Eva-Maria Riso, and Jaak Jürimäe. "Physical fitness in preschool children in relation to later body composition at first grade in school." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): e0244603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244603.
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BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether better physical fitness in kindergarten predicts later healthier body composition in first grade at school.MethodsBody composition was assessed by skinfold thickness measurements. Physical fitness tests included 20 m shuttle run test, handgrip strength test, standing long jump test, 4x10 m shuttle run test as part of PREFIT fitness test battery, and one-leg stance test from EUROFIT test battery. The participants of this study were 147 Estonian children (51% boys) aged 6–8 years, who were measured in the transition from kindergarten to school.ResultsAfter adjusting for maternal body mass index, educational attainment, child’s sex, age at the measurements, greater cardiovascular and motor fitness, relative lower body strength, static balance at 6.6 yr were associated with lower fat mass index, fat mass percentage at 12-month follow-up. The relative lower body strength above the median at 6.6 yr were related to lower fat mass index and fat mass percentage at 12-month follow-up, while the static balance test results demonstrated the opposite associations. Improvements in the 4x10 m shuttle run test results during the 12-month follow-up period were associated with the most beneficial changes in body composition status, such as increases in fat-free mass index and decreases in fat mass index, fat mass percentage, waist-to-height ratio after adjusting for maternal body mass index, educational attainment, child’s sex, age, at the measurements and baseline values of exposures.ConclusionBetter physical fitness tests results at 6.6 yr in kindergarten generally predicted lower body fat parameters in children at 7.6 yr in first grade at school.
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Gordon-Brannan, Mary, and Barbara Williams Hodson. "Intelligibility/Severity Measurements of Prekindergarten Children’s Speech." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 9, no. 2 (May 2000): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0902.141.
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Intelligibility/severity measurements were obtained for 48 prekindergarten children with varying levels of phonological proficiency/ deficiency. The measure used as the “standard” was percentage of words understood (i.e., orthographically transcribed correctly) in continuous speech in a known context by unfamiliar trained listeners. The children were divided into four groups based on the percentage of words understood from their continuous speech samples. The ranges of intelligibility for each group were: (a) 91–100% for children with “adult-like” speech; (b) 83–90% for children in the “mild” category; (c) 68–81% for children with moderate intelligibility/speech involvement; and (d) 16–63% for the 12 children in the “severe” (i.e., least intelligible) category. When the percentages of the children in the severe group were excluded, the range of the top three groups combined was 68–100% and the mean was 85%. For a child 4 years of age or older, any percentage of words understood in connected speech that falls below 66% (2 standard deviations below the mean) may be a potential indicator of speech difficulty. In addition, data were obtained from the 48 children to determine the correlations between the standard measure and the following intelligibility/severity measures: (a) imitated sentences, (b) imitated words, (c) listener ratings of intelligibility, and (d) phonological deviation averages. All five measures, including the standard measure, investigated in this study were strongly intercorrelated. Multiple regression analysis results yielded a prediction model that included listener ratings and imitated sentences measures. Results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), univariate analysis, and post-hoc Bonferroni tests indicated that differences between all pairs of groups were significant for the listener rating measure based on the continuous speech sample. For the percentage of words understood in continuous speech samples, the differences between all pairs of groups, except between the adult-like and mild groups, were also significant. The only group that differed significantly from the other three groups for all five measures was the severe group.
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Ralph, Vanessa R., and Scott E. Lewis. "Introducing randomization tests via an evaluation of peer-led team learning in undergraduate chemistry courses." Chemistry Education Research and Practice 21, no. 1 (2020): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9rp00187e.
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The methodological limitations education researchers face in the evaluation of reformed instruction have led to debates as to the evidence advancing evidence-based practices. To conduct more effective research, methodological pluralism in the evaluation of educational reforms can be used to complement the strengths and limitations of a corpus of literature informing the impact of an evidence-based practice. This study seeks to introduce randomization tests, a nonparametric statistical analysis incorporating a random-assignment component that can be applied to a single-subject (N = 1) research design, as a methodology to be counted amongst evaluations of instructional reforms. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, an evaluation of peer-led team learning (PLTL) for classes of second-semester general chemistry spanning 7 semesters was conducted using randomization tests. The design contributes novel understandings of PLTL including differences in effectiveness across instructors, trends in effectiveness over time, and a perspective as to the appropriateness of assumptions concerning statistical independence when applied to educational settings. At the research setting, four instructors (each constituting an individual case) alternated implementing lecture-based instruction and PLTL by term. Across these four instructors, the treatment effects of peer-led team learning when compared to lecture-based instruction ranged in impact (from d = 0.233 to 2.09). For two instructors, PLTL provided a means by which to significantly reduce the differential performances observed of students with variable preparations in mathematics, thereby advancing the equitability of their courses. Implications of this work include the incorporation of single-subject research designs in establishing evidence-based instructional practices, the effectiveness of PLTL as interpreted in a methodologically pluralistic context of the research literature, and enacting measurements of equity when gauging the success of instructional reforms in science. Further, this introduction to randomization tests offers another methodology for the evaluation of instructional reforms more widely applicable in educational settings with smaller sample sizes (e.g., reforms conducted within a single classroom or upper-level courses with small class sizes).
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А.А., Huseynova, and Vashchinnikova K.D. "IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON LEARNING MOTIVATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COMPETENCE APPROACH IN EDUCATION." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 22, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2020-22-9-28-34.
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Turning to the new educational paradigm, the research paper considers the conditions for ensuring the effective-ness of authentic assessment of students ' achievements within the competence approach and the transition from traditional knowledge control to tests developed on the basis of the theory of pedagogical measurements. Special attention is paid to independent assessment as a tool for stimulating learning activities, as well as to the justifica-tion of the pattern design method used in the develop-ment of measurement tools. The experimental basis of the study is based on the results of an independent assess-ment of educational achievements of students of the sen-ior level of secondary vocational education in social studies in several educational organizations. As a result of the survey of participants in independent testing, the formation of a stable positive learning motivation is not-ed. The relationship with the assessment of the impact on educational motivation is confirmed by the respondents ' attitude to the authentic assessment procedure on the part of participants in the assessment process: school-children, teachers, and parents. As a result, it was re-vealed that all subjects of the educational process evalu-ate the impact of the proposed method of assessment on educational motivation from a positive side.
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Miyaç Göktepe, Meral, and Mehmet Günay. "The effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female footballers their on balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance." Journal of Human Sciences 16, no. 3 (December 23, 2019): 1051–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v16i4.5824.
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This study aims to investigate the effects of proprioceptive exercise programme given to female football players on their balance, proprioceptive sense and functional performance. 27 female licenced footballers in Balıkesir who had been training regularly for 5 years were included in the research. The footballers were divided into two groups- namely, 14 educational groups. The two-step pre-test and post-test method of the athletes was performed on. Accordingly, on day one bodily weight, height measurements were made. On day two athletes’ static balance and proprioceptive sense measurements were made. On day three the athletes were asked to have a rest. On day four they were given 5, 10 and 20- metre speed and agility tests (Illinois, T test). On day five, the participants were given vertical jump tests. On day six the athletes in the educational group were given a 6-week, 3 days a week proprioceptive exercise programme in addition to their routine training programme. At the end of week 6, the 5-day measurements were repeated and the activity was terminated.
Data analysis, Wilcoxon test was performed to analyse the changes occurring in the pre-test and post-test measurements in the control and the educational groups. The paired comparisons between the groups were made through Mann-Whitney U test. The findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in the pre-test-post-test and static balance scores of the female footballers in the educational group who were given proprioceptive educational programme (p<0.05) and that there were partially significant differences in their proprioceptive sense scores. In the control group, however, no significant differences were found in static balance scores and in the values of proprioceptive sense footballers in the educational group and the footballers in the control group in terms of their vertical jump and speed scores (p>0.05). An examination of the agility tests of the educational group indicated that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Yet, no significant differences were found in the values of the agility tests of the control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, it may be stated that giving proprioceptive programme to female footballers is influential in improving their static balance and agility performance, that it had partially positive effects on proprioceptive sense and that it does not cause significant improvement in their vertical jumping and speed performance.
Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Bu çalışma kadın futbolculara uygulanan proprioseptif egzersiz programının, denge, proprioseptif duyu ve fonksiyonel performans üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya, Balıkesir’de futbol lisansına sahip ve son 5 yıl düzenli olarak antrenman yapan 27 kadın futbolcu katıldı. Futbolcular 14 eğitim ve 13 kontrol grubu olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Sporcuların iki basamaklı ön test-son test yöntemi kullanılarak parametreleri alındı. Çalışmamızda; 1. Gün; Sporculara vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ölçümleri yapıldı. 2. Gün; Sporculara statik denge, proprioseptif duyu ölçümleri yapıldı. 3. Gün; Sporcuların dinlenmeleri istendi. 4. Gün; Sporculara 5, 10, 20 metre hız ve çeviklik (illinois, T testleri) yapıldı. 5. Gün; Sporculara dikey sıçrama testleri yapıldı. 6. Gün eğitim grubundaki sporculara rutin antrenman programlarına ek olarak 6 hafta sürecek şekilde haftada 3 gün proprioseptif egzersiz programını uygulandı. Kontrol grubun ise normal günlük yaşantı ve antrenman programlarına 6 hafta devam etmeleri sağlandı. 6 hafta sonunda yine 5 gün süren ölçümler aynen tekrar edildi ve çalışma sonlandırıldı. Verierin analizinde, kontrol ve eğitim gruplarının ön test ve son test ölçümlerinde meydana gelen değişimleri incelemek için Wilcoxon testi yapıldı. Gruplar arası ikili karşılaştırmalar Mann-Whitney U testi ile yapıldı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulanan eğitim grubu kadın futbolcuların ön test-son test, statik denge skorlarında anlamlı farklılığın olduğu (p<0.05), proprioseptif duyu skorlarında kısmen anlamlı farklılığın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol grubundaki futbolcuların ise statik denge skorları ve proprioseptif duyu değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. Eğitim grubu ve kontrol grubundaki futbolcuların dikey sıçrama ve hız değerleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Eğitim grubu çeviklik testleri değerlerine baktığımızda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kontrol grubu çeviklik testleri değerleri için ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, kadın futbolcularda, proprioseptif eğitim programı uygulamasının statik denge ve çeviklik performansını iyileştirmede etkili olduğu, proprioseptif duyuya kısmen olumlu düzeyde etki ettiği, dikey sıçrama ile hız performanslarında ise anlamlı düzeyde iyileşmenin olmadığı söylenebilir.
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Ahmadu, Baba Usman, Joshua Danji Solomon, Fate Bala Zira, Abdallah Joda Aisha, Musa Rimamchika, and Ahmad Ibrahim. "Compliance and Usability of Weber and Rinne’s Tests For Audio Acuity Among Primary School Children From a Health Resource Poor Community." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 33, no. 2 (October 7, 2013): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7673.
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Background: Normal auditory acuity is needed for transmission and reception of speech between teachers and students, and from student to student for effective communication and learning. Hearing impairment in school children will potentially cause difficulty perceiving speech clearly in the educational environment. Materials and Methods: Auditory acuity measurements were conducted on 300 primary school children using the Weber and Rinne’s tests. Results: Nearly all the children 292 (97.3%) had good hearing. Eight (2.7%) had ipsilateral conduction hearing impairment. Of these, 5 (62.5%) occurred on the right and 3 (37.5%) on the left ear; they were referred to the otorynolaryngologist for further evaluation and management. Conclusion: Our subjects demonstrated high compliance to Weber and Rinne’s tests which were found to be usable in screening hearing impairment in school children. These tests can be incorporated into the school health programmes in resource poor countries where high tech hearing screening facilities are not readily affordable and available. In addition, the test can be conducted at primary health centers thereby decongesting both secondary and tertiary health facilities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.7673 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):95-98
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Salamanca, Carolina, and Sara I. Montoya. "Using CLIL Approach to Improve English Language in a Colombian Higher Educational Institution." English Language Teaching 11, no. 11 (October 9, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n11p19.
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In Colombia, the development of communicative skills of English as a foreign language in students of Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) is considered as a priority so the professionals can face the challenges of a globalized world. This project aimed to determine the effectiveness of using CLIL approach through the academic subjects in first learning level students of a Nursing program. The research had a mixed quasi experimental design of a control group not equivalent with measurements before and after CLIL interventions, which consisted in accompanying and guidance to six teachers who instruct the seven subjects of the academic program in which the experimental group was. Along 17 applications designed from the 4C’s (Content, Cognition, Communication and Culture), and the methodology collaborative work, students showed a significant progress in using communicative and cognitive abilities according with the development performances. The used tests to evaluate students’ English level showed from the statistical data analysis, applying T-student test, that initiating the process the mean of the control group was significantly higher than the mean of the experimental group, and posteriorly to CLIL approach applications, a mean improvement of the experimental group was observed becoming statistically similar to the mean of the control group. The research results provide a pedagogical path to strengthen bilingualism processes and to contribute with graduate’s communicative competences in a foreign language.
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Kelly, Anthony E., and Angela O'Donnell. "Hypertext and the Study Strategies of Preservice Teachers: Issues in Instructional Hypertext Design." Journal of Educational Computing Research 10, no. 4 (June 1994): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/um4g-fwy1-5wv4-y15w.
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It is a methodological challenge to study students' review of their lecture notes. First, the quality of their notes may vary considerably. Second, students review their notes with little monitoring or feedback. A hypertext program monitored the lecture note review strategies of individuals and dyads following two lectures about tests and measurements. It noted which concepts students sought at what level of detail, which content themes they favored, and which relationships among topics they pursued. Dyads' strategies were more comprehensive than the individuals' and were more directed at extracting elaborative and hierarchically structured information. The study replicated earlier findings that students did not learn well from lectures. This study also demonstrated how computers may aid in data collection in educational settings.
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Chatzimichail, Theodora, and Aristides T. Hatjimihail. "A Software Tool for Exploring the Relation between Diagnostic Accuracy and Measurement Uncertainty." Diagnostics 10, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090610.
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Screening and diagnostic tests are used to classify people with and without a disease. Diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of a classification in clinical research and practice. Although this depends on the uncertainty of measurement, there has been limited research on their relation. The objective of this work was to develop an exploratory tool for the relation between diagnostic accuracy measures and measurement uncertainty, as diagnostic accuracy is fundamental to clinical decision-making, while measurement uncertainty is critical to quality and risk management in laboratory medicine. For this reason, a freely available interactive program was developed for calculating, optimizing, plotting and comparing various diagnostic accuracy measures and the corresponding risk of diagnostic or screening tests measuring a normally distributed measurand, applied at a single point in time in non-diseased and diseased populations. This is done for differing prevalence of the disease, mean and standard deviation of the measurand, diagnostic threshold, standard measurement uncertainty of the tests and expected loss. The application of the program is illustrated with a case study of glucose measurements in diabetic and non-diabetic populations. The program is user-friendly and can be used as an educational and research tool in medical decision-making.
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Jokić, Dejan, Slobodan Lubura, Milica Ristović, Stevan Stankovski, Vladimir Rajs, and Harun Šiljak. "What’s in the Box: Design of an Open Didactic Robot Environment." Electronics 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122090.
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We present a realization of a didactic robot environment for robot PUMA 560 for educational and research purposes. Robot PUMA 560 is probably the mathematically best-described robot, and therefore it is frequently used for research and educational purposes. A developed control environment consists of a robot controller and teach pendant. The advantage of using a personally developed solution is its open structure, which allows various tests and measurements to be performed, and that is highly convenient for educational and research purposes. The motivation behind the design of this personal didactic robot control environment arose from a survey for students after the first Summer School on Mechatronic Systems. The student questionnaire revealed severe discrepancies between theory and practice in education. Even though the primary purpose of the new control environment for robot PUMA 560 was research, it was established that it is a viable lab resource that allows for the connection between theoretical and industrial robotics. It was used for the duration of four Summer Schools and university courses. Since then, it has been fully integrated into International Burch University’s Electrical and Electronics Engineering curriculum through several courses on the bachelor and master levels for multidisciplinary problem-based learning (PBL) projects.
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Et al., Afdal Afdal. "The TIRI: A Rasch-Validated Revision of Resilience for Victims of Natural Disasters." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 4121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1476.
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This article presents the validation of Taufik & Ifdil Resilienci Inventory (TIRI) in the context of post-natural disasters and in Indonesian. The quantitative research tests validity of TIRI with Rasch model analysis, TIRI is used to measure the resilience of students affected by natural disasters by the number items 43 and developed by the Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Therapy (IICET) research team which is coordinated by the Research Center (Universitas Negeri Padang). This research was conducted 3 trials/cycle, all respondents per cycle were spread in 6 regencies in Kota in Indonesia. Instrument resilience for victims of natural disasters is valid and reliable (person reliability 0.68 and item reliability 0.99) with a total 25 items (Raw variance explained by measures = 23.5% with expected values of 24.3%) valid from the total items of 43 items, that means items already represent measurements for the resilience of victims of natural disasters.
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Andreev, Viktor, Alexander Fominikh, Igor Konovalov, Alexander Morozov, and Alina Snegireva. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND PHYSICAL FITNESS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN AGED 13 TO 16 YEARS WITH CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISORDERS AND THEIR HEALTHY PEERS." SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2020-8-4-33-39.
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Purpose of research. Comparative study of the cardiorespiratory activity and physical fitness of schoolchildren aged 13 to 16 years with chronic respiratory disorders and their healthy peers. Methods and organization of research. The research process included the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature with subsequent systematization of data, pedagogical observation, functional tests, pedagogical testing, anthropometric measurements, and mathematical statistics. Research results and discussion. This article contains the findings of a study investigating cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness of both male and female schoolchildren aged 13 to 16 years with chronic respiratory disorders. We carried out a comparative analysis of the obtained indicators of studied children and their peers without health problems. We applied the functional tests determining the activity of cardiorespiratory system to identify adaptive capacities of children to physical exercise. We used special tests to assess physical fitness. The study revealed that the cardiorespiratory activity and physical fitness levels of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders are lower than the same parameters of their peers without health problems. Conclusion. Educational research aimed at investigating the functional state of cardiorespiratory system and physical fitness of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders and their healthy peers revealed that the indicators of cardiorespiratory activity of schoolchildren with chronic respiratory disorders are significantly lower than the same parameters of their healthy peers.
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Рушингина and Olga Rushingina. "THE USE OF TEST TECHNOLOGIES UNDER CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO COMPETENCE APPROACH." Standards and Monitoring in Education 1, no. 4 (September 16, 2013): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/955.
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The issues related to transition to the new educational standards are considered in this paper. The author characterizes two of new standards’ key concepts, such as competence and competence approach.
The problems of assessment system as one of education’s important components functioning as feedback are revealed. The assessment system is a kind of education system’s regulator. The author considers the students’ assessment problem taking into account the competence approach. The traditional system of students’ knowledge assessment that was formed even in the Soviet school, has undoubtedly rich experience, but by virtue of its organizational and technological particularities can’t meet the requirements of modern society. The information society development has led to emergence of such notions as “education monitoring” and “evaluation”, the main point of which is revealed by this paper’s author. These notions, including all education areas, are connected even with the problems of pedagogical measurements, in particular, with the studies related to test problematics. The tests in its development have gone from their total negation till the becoming of graduates’ state exam form. The author considers the test technologies, particularly the computer ones, as an eff ective assessment mean of educational competencies’ formation level.
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Rahmanian, Karamatollah, Mohammad Shojaei, Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi, and Abdoulhossein Madani. "The Association Between Pre-Diabetes With Body Mass Index and Marital Status in an Iranian Urban Population." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 4 (July 31, 2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p95.
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<p>Pre-diabetes increased the development of diabetes mellitus (type 2). The aim of study was to determine the association of body weight, education and marital status with pre-diabetes in an Iranian urban population.A sample of 788 subjects (360 men and 428 women) between the ages 30–85 years participated in our study and anthropometric measurements, educational level and fasting blood sugar of participants were recorded. The t and Chi square tests were used for continuous and categorical variables. The association of age, BMI categories, educational level and marital status to pre-diabetes was assessed by estimating the odds ratio. A <em>p</em>-value ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. The analysis was done using SPSS version 11.5. Our study showed that pre-diabetic subjects were older and low educated than normoglycemic subjects. Mean BMI and educational level were associated to pre-diabetes only in women. The odds of being pre-diabetes also were higher in obese women than in normal BMI women. No relationship was found between education and marital status with pre-diabetes in both men and women. Based on our finding, it is possible that advancing age and obesity has increased in pre-diabetes. This highlights the importance of population based survey to monitor blood glucose for effective prevention and control.</p>
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Altay, Figen, and Kevser Bozkurt. "Assessment of Educational Game Materials and Poster Practices with Rubrics by Expert Educators and Students." Journal of Education and Training Studies 5, no. 13 (January 11, 2018): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i13.2855.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between evaluations of the educational game materials and poster practices by students’ own peers and by expert educators using the rubrics created by expert educators and students together. Study included 10 students and 3 educators attended educational game materials course. Students were informed about basic skills of movement, game, game types, game equipment, analytical rubric, and educational game lectures were given to the students for 6 weeks and 80 minutes each week. 12-question knowledge test was used regarding educational games, analytical scoring rubrics, developing game materials and preparing posters. Materials and posters presented in the course were recorded. Evaluation scales were selected by students and expert teachers. Selected peers and educators evaluated 25 videos. One-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used for the reliability and repeatability measurements of the students and teachers. R values of 0.96-0.92 were found between students and 0.78-0.86 between educators. For knowledge tests of the groups, according to Wilcoxon paired two-sample test, there was a significant difference in test results (p<.05). The t test was used in the results of the student and educator video evaluations and there was no significant difference between the scores given by the expert educators and the students to the material and poster presentations (p>.05). In conclusion, this study showed that students could make evaluations as good as expert educators when given an answer key such as a scoring rubric that will help them in the evaluation.
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Rakov, Sergiy. "QUALITY OF UKRAINIAN EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF PISA 2018 AND THE OECD PROJECT "FUTURE OF EDUCATION AND SKILLS 2030"." Educational Analytics of Ukraine, no. 2 (2020): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32987/2617-8532-2020-2-99-114.
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Since its inception in 2000, the international comparative survey of education quality PISA has become a globally recognized powerful lever for improving national education systems, determining their state and development trends according to internationally agreed indicators based on measurements using internationally agreed tools (tests and questionnaires) and procedures for preparation, administration and evaluation of results. In 2015, the OECD launched the "Future of Education and Skills 2030" project, aimed at developing the foundations for an effective education system for the future, the first phase of which culminated in 2019 with the creation of the OECD Learning Compass 2030, a conceptual framework for future school curricula and studying in a learner context. At the second stage, it is planned to create the foundations of effective educating in the context of a teacher. These documents should play the role of the foundation for making the PISA program better by improving, first of all, the PISA subject frameworks in the main domains: reading, mathematics and natural sciences. For the effective improvement of Ukraine's education system, it is important not only to analyse its current state, in particular, its PISA-2018 results, but also to pursue a long-term educational policy aimed at developing an educational model that is based on national educational and cultural achievements and traditions, and is also consistent with the developments of the OECD project "The Future of Education and Skills 2030". The article analyzes the key ideas of the OECD Learning Compass 2030 and discusses some issues of their implementation in the educational practice of Ukraine.
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Nurfadilah H, Siti, Madarina Julia, and Riris Andono Ahmad. "Aktivitas fisik dan screen based activity pada remaja di Wates." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 33, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.17879.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between physical activity and screen based activity with sleep patterns in adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among junior high school students in August 2016. Samples were 536 respondents selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through interviews with a structured questionnaire, and measurements of height and waist circumference. Data analyses used chi-square, mann-whitney and logistic regression tests to explore factors associated with sleep pattern.ResultsOut off 536 respondents, poor sleep quality (34.5%) and short sleep duration (45.3%) happened among female adolescents. There was a significant correlation between screen based activity with sleep quality in adolescents. Physical activity had a significant relationship with sleep duration.ConclusionPhysical activity and SBA was associated with adolescent sleep patterns. Appropriate educational promotions by the Kulon Progo education authorities should be conducted to provide information about the importance of adequate sleep.
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Mcphee, Stephen J., Joyce Adair Bird, Ngoc-The Ha, Christopher N. H. Jenkins, Don Fordham, and Bich Le. "Pathways to Early Cancer Detection for Vietnamese Women: Suc Khoe La Vang! (Health is Gold!)." Health Education Quarterly 23, no. 1_suppl (December 1996): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019819602301s06.
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To promote breast and cervical screening among Vietnamese women, a neighborhood-based intervention was developed that included small-group education, distribution of Vietnamese-language educational materials, and health fairs. The rationale for these modes of intervention is described. A pretest/posttest controlled trial is used to evaluate the intervention. San Francisco, California, is the experimental community; Sacramento, California, is the comparison community. The study hypothesizes that postintervention measurements of screening rates will reflect significantly greater increases among women in the experimental community than in the comparison community. This article reports results from the 1992 baseline household survey of 306 Vietnamese women in San Francisco and of 339 Vietnamese women in Sacramento. There were no significant differences in screening rates between the two communities. Only 50-54% of women had received routine checkups; 44-55%, mammograms; 40-45%, clinical breast examinations; 40-46%, Pap smear tests; and 58-65%, pelvic examinations.
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Osbeck, Christina, Olof Franck, Annika Lilja, Karin Sporre, and Johan Tykesson. "Abilities, knowledge requirements and national tests in RE – The Swedish case as an example in the outcome-focused school and society of today." Zeitschrift für Pädagogik und Theologie 70, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpt-2018-0056.
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AbstractThe aim of this article is to present the system that governs Swedish RE in terms of curricular requirements, national tests and their outcomes, and discuss this in light of the current critical debate on an outcome-focused school, as well as the debate on the need for ‘powerful knowledge’. The debate on educational achievements and measurements can be seen from different angles. On the one hand, there are reasons to take the criticisms seriously, for instance concerning how such a focus tends to instrumentalise and superficialise knowledge and education. On the other hand, from a societal perspective, one has to ensure that all students, through their education, have opportunities to develop powerful knowledge that helps to explain the world so that school can contribute to social justice. Against such a background, the Swedish system is described as a rather strongly steering system that regulates schools through curricula but also monitors them through national tests. Through a brief presentation of empirical findings from the EthiCo project, it is shown how this system in practice limits the students’ chances of acquiring a multidimensional ethical competence and instead highlights a one-dimensional argumentative competence. Such a teaching runs the risk of reducing rather than widening students’ ethical competence.
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Royadi, Dedi, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, and Fitria Supyaningsih. "Measurement of Reliability of Test Instruments Through Management of Education and Psychology." Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM) 2, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/atm.v2i2.788.
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At this time in the world of work or in job management workers are required to be able to solve problems that mean that in education and psychology management must be able to build or develop instruments in all fields of management. The development of measurement instruments in the field of psychology and education many assume the use of unidimensional measurements, which conceptually formulated that there is one type of ability factor, personality, character, and attitude measured by one measurement instrument. This study aims to allow readers to understand the notions of reliability, reliability of learning outcomes tests, general models of reliability, simple methods of estimating reliability, retesting methods, parallel methods, halves, moment product equations, Flanagan equations, Rulon equations, reliability coefficients , and standard measurement errors. In order for this management research to take place smoothly, the researcher uses the literature study method as his research method.
Keywords: Educational management, Measurement Instruments, Reliability
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ARLANDINI, CLAUDIO D., MATTEO J. BOSCHINI, and ANDREA MATTASOGLIO. "A HIGH-PERFORMANCE MIXED-TECHNOLOGY LAN FOR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH." International Journal of Modern Physics C 12, no. 04 (May 2001): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183101002231.
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In this work we describe a series of performance tests on different architectures of high bandwidth local area networks, contemporarily in use at C.I.L.E.A. (Inter-University Consortium for Automatic Elaboration of Lombardy) to connect multi-processor machines devoted to educational and research purposes, such as fluido-dynamic and mechanical simulations. This LAN is essentially made out of a standard FDDI ring, and an HyperFabric backbone. HyperFabric is a Hewlett-Packard high performance network system bus, with a declared maximum bandwidth of 2.5 Gbit/s full duplex per link. We present a comparison, in terms of effective bandwidth, average throughput and CPU consumption of the above mentioned network systems. Furthermore we also describe the effects, in terms of transfer efficiency, of such a mixed environment, in which different systems co-exist and must often be cross-walked by various applications, as backups and mass storage access. Measurements and comparisons are made using Open Software tools like netperf and HetPIPE.
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Et. al., Enkeleida Lleshi,. "Impact of Drop Jump Index For17-18 Year Old Volleyball Players in Albania." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 3 (April 14, 2021): 4008–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i3.4607.
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Volleyball is characterized by the activity of vertical jump performance in the technical elements of attack, block and service. The study focuses on young Female & Male players during the 12-week plyometric training. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of 12-weeks plyometric training performance in volleyball players M & F in Albania to see the differences between them. Methods; 40 young players (F & M) participated in this study. N=10 M & N=10 F volleyball players considered as Experimental and the same number as Control. The average age of players included in this study is 17-18 years old. The players of both groups were evaluated before and after 12 weeks. The F&M Experimental groups conducted 12 weeks of plyometric training with 2 sessions for a week. The F&M Control groups conducted the training according to the method of their trainers. Besides anthropometric measurements they developed Drop Jump tests by jumping from the cube in height 40 cm and 60 cm. Results; The results showed a high correlation coefficient (r = 0,924) and statistically significant (p <0,05). Data obtained from two groups GRFP show that the relationship between the contact time and the time air changes between the two tests DJ 40-60cm. Conclusions. The methodology used helps us compare the high and poor performances that help coaches to program more detailed plyometric training for the development of jumping skills in young volleyball players. The effect of plyometric training developed on M&F volleyball players and according to data obtained from GRFP, showed that male volleyball players had a better performance in vertical jump than female volleyball players. Vertical jumping may be assessed not only by the height of its development but also by the phase of residence in the air.
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Kliziene, Irina, Ginas Cizauskas, Aldona Augustiniene, Saule Sipaviciene, and Roma Aleksandraviciene. "The Relationship between School Age Children’s Academic Performance and Innovative Physical Education Programs." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 4922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124922.
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Currently, there is great interest in the correlation between children’s physical activity and their academic performance. In this study, a pre-test/mid-test/post-test experimental strategy was used to avoid any disruption of educational activities, due to the random selection of children in each group. The experimental group was tested for eight months. We developed a methodology for innovative physical education classes and created a model of educational factors that encourage physical activity for children. The experimental group comprised 45 girls and 44 boys aged 6–7 years. The control group included 43 girls and 46 boys aged 6–7. Methods: Mathematical diagnostic progress tests were divided into two sections: tasks were allocated according to performance levels and the content as well as fields of activity and cognitive skills. The assessment of all areas of activity was based on student performance (unsatisfactory, satisfactory, basic, and advanced). Distribution of mathematical learning achievements by curriculum content: mathematical diagnosis was used to evaluate first-grade children’s mathematical knowledge and skills according to the five areas of the mathematics education curriculum: numbers and calculations; phenomena, equations, and inequalities; geometry, measures, and measurements; statistics and communication; and general problem-solving skills. The differences between the pre-test and mid-test results indicated that the number of children performing at a satisfactory level decreased (p = 0.035). The differences between the pre-test and post-test advanced (p = 0.038) and basic (p = 0.018) levels were found to be increased. Applying an innovative physical education program to first graders demonstrated a higher-level mathematics program in the areas of geometry, measures, and measurements; statistics; and communication and general problem-solving skills. Based on the interface between an innovative primary school physical education program and mathematics learning achievements, a research tool was developed that can be used in a quantitative research strategy.
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Brioni, Elena, Cristiano Magnaghi, Giulia Bruna Delli Zotti, Eleonora Sangiovanni, Maria Teresa Sciarrone Alibrandi, Luigi Apuzzo, Paolo Manunta, Francesco Logias, and Francesco Burrai. "Valutazione Del Benessere Psico-Fisico Nell’aderenza Terapeutica Nelle Donne Con Malattia Renale Policistica Autosomica Dominante: Uno Studio Osservazionale." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 31, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2019.537.
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BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited renal disease and affects less than 1 every 400-1,000 people. There are many effective treatments, including blood pressure management, physical activity, low sodium diet and hydration. Therapeutic education is part of a patient’s care and treatment. This approach is an essential strategy in order to face the current healthcare scenario, in which the number of people affected by chronic diseases is progressively increasing. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to analyze the effect of therapeutic education in patients with ADPKD, the level of adherence to pharmacological therapy and their compliance to dietetic and lifestyle recommendations as part of a nursing-led education. METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal, observational pilot study. The following measurements were used: Kidney Disease Quality of life - Short Form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Body Uneasiness Test. At the T0 visit, a nurse selected patients and carried out a personalized educational intervention with the aims of adhering to drug therapies, monitoring blood pressure and dietary behavior (physical activity and water intake). At the T1 visit, patients performed psychological tests. At the T2 visit, the following evaluations were performed: a psychological interview together with the delivery and evaluation of the tests performed, an interview with the nurse to evaluate the adherence to the prescriptions, and a control of parameters such as physical activity, diet, water intake, drug therapy, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Therapeutic education can have a positive impact on patients’ health by improving adherence to the pharmacological therapy, diet and lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic education improve the patient’s knowledge, treatments and correct behaviors as well as promotes an independent management of the disease. Through an educational intervention, the patient acquires the ability and the awareness to modify the wrong behaviors and to guarantee a balance between his needs and the pathology, thus improving the quality of life.
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Chatzimichail, Theodora, and Aristides T. Hatjimihail. "A Software Tool for Calculating the Uncertainty of Diagnostic Accuracy Measures." Diagnostics 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030406.
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Screening and diagnostic tests are applied for the classification of people into diseased and non-diseased populations. Although diagnostic accuracy measures are used to evaluate the correctness of classification in clinical research and practice, there has been limited research on their uncertainty. The objective for this work was to develop a tool for calculating the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures, as diagnostic accuracy is fundamental to clinical decision-making. For this reason, the freely available interactive program Diagnostic Uncertainty has been developed in the Wolfram Language. The program provides six modules with nine submodules for calculating and plotting the standard combined, measurement and sampling uncertainty and the resultant confidence intervals of various diagnostic accuracy measures of screening or diagnostic tests, which measure a normally distributed measurand, applied at a single point in time to samples of non-diseased and diseased populations. This is done for differing sample sizes, mean and standard deviation of the measurand, diagnostic threshold and standard measurement uncertainty of the test. The application of the program is demonstrated with an illustrative example of glucose measurements in samples of diabetic and non-diabetic populations, that shows the calculation of the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures. The presented interactive program is user-friendly and can be used as a flexible educational and research tool in medical decision-making, to calculate and explore the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy measures.
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Bichi, Ado Abdu, and Rohaya Talib. "Item Response Theory: An Introduction to Latent Trait Models to Test and Item Development." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 7, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v7i2.12900.
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Testing in educational system perform a number of functions, the results from a test can be used to make a number of decisions in education. It is therefore well accepted in the education literature that, testing is an important element of education. To effectively utilize the tests in educational policies and quality assurance its validity and reliability estimates are necessary. There are two generally acceptable frameworks used in evaluating the quality of test in educational and psychological measurements, these are; Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The estimates of test items validity and reliability depend on a particular measurement model used. It is vital for a test developer to be familiar with the different test development and item analysis methods in order to facilitate the development of a new test. The CTT is a traditional approach which was widely criticise in the measurement community for its shortcomings such as sample dependency of coefficient measures and estimates of measurement error. However, the IRT is a modern approach which provides solutions to most of the CTT’s identified shortcomings. This paper therefore, provides a comprehensive overview of the IRT and its procedures as applied to test item development and analysis. The paper concludes with some suggestions for test developers and test specialists at all levels to adopt IRT for its identified crucial theoretical and empirical gains over CTT. IRT based parameter estimates should be superior and reliable than CTT based parameter estimates. With these features, IRT can help resolve the problems associated with test design based on CTT.
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Ch. Hadjichambis, Andreas, and Demetra Paraskeva-Hadjichambi. "Environmental Citizenship Questionnaire (ECQ): The Development and Validation of an Evaluation Instrument for Secondary School Students." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030821.
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Environmental citizenship is very important in sustainability research. The criticality of the observed environmental crisis requires capable and competent environmental citizens who can act as agents of change to achieve sustainability. This research presents the validation of the Environmental Citizenship Questionnaire (ECQ) for assessing the environmental citizenship of secondary school students. To this end, Principal Component Analysis has been performed through the use of a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. In addition, there has been a verification of sphericity and a measure of sampling adequacy using the Bartlett’s and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) tests, respectively. Cronbach’s Alpha, eigenvalues and percentage of variance as well as Pearson’s correlation were also estimated. Using the data of 520 students in 10th grade, the ECQ showed very good results in all measurements performed, demonstrating high internal consistency, reliability and discriminant validity. From the factor analysis were derived nine factors with 76 items in total. Cronbach’s Alpha was greater than 0.702, indicating high reliability in all factors. The possible contribution of the ECQ in different contexts and educational frames and in sustainability education is discussed.
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Polivyanchuk, A., M. Smirny, S. Romanenko, R. Semenenko, R. Plotnikova, D. Onatsky, and O. Efimov. "RESEARCH OF EFFICIENCY ECOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM OF HEAT ENGINES AND BOILER PLANTS." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 152 (December 28, 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2019-6-152-73-78.
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A universal, multifunctional system of environmental diagnostics of heat engines and boiler plants has been created, which allows one to determine indicators characterizing the chemical and physical effect of these objects on the environment: concentrations, mass, specific and average operational emissions of pollutants, noise, thermal pollution, vibration. This measuring system consists of instrumental, testing, demonstration and laboratory modules, which allows you to use it as a diagnostic tool, training and test bench and laboratory; as well as apply it in various fields: transport, energy, environmental and educational fields. The diagnostic system implements methods for monitoring and improving the accuracy of measurements of average operating emissions of pollutants: method for determining the resulting measurement errors of the average operational emissions of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter – GAS and РT indicators, which allows you to evaluate the impact on the data of the value of the errors of the measuring equipment of the diagnostic system; a method for increasing the accuracy of measurements of the normalized РT index by taking into account the methodological error of measurements of a given value due to the influence of the temperature of the sample in the tunnel on the measured emission of particulate matter - δРТt. Experimental studies of the diagnostic system and methods for increasing its accuracyon full-scale objects were carried out: diesel engines: tractor 4CHN12/14 tractor D65M, diesel locomotive diesel engine DEL-01 and boiler units: gas - DKVR-20/13 and AOGV-100E, solid fuel - KCHM-2M-4. Transport diesels were tested according to the cycles established by the UNECE Regulations R-49, R-96 and the international standard ISO-8178. As a result of tests of these engines, the coefficients KРi, KMgasi and KMрmi were determined, which are used to assess the accuracy of measurements of GAS and РT indicators, the resulting measurement errors of these values were investigated and the range of variation of the methodical error δРТt was determined.
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Franco, Marcia R., Catherine Sherrington, Anne Tiedemann, Leani S. Pereira, Monica R. Perracini, Claudia S. G. Faria, Ruben F. Negrão-Filho, Rafael Z. Pinto, and Carlos M. Pastre. "Effect of Senior Dance (DanSE) on Fall Risk Factors in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Physical Therapy 100, no. 4 (January 3, 2020): 600–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzz187.
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Abstract Background Older people’s participation in structured exercise programs to improve balance and mobility is low. Senior Dance is an alternative option, as it may provide a safe and fun way of targeting balance. Objective The aim was to investigate the effect of Senior Dance on balance, mobility, and cognitive function compared with a control intervention. Design The study was a randomized controlled trial. Setting/Patients Eighty-two community-dwelling older people aged 60 years or over and cognitively intact were recruited in Brazil. Intervention Participants were randomly allocated to 2 groups: Dance plus education (intervention group) and education alone (control group). The Senior Dance program consisted of 12 weeks of twice-weekly group-based dance classes. Participants in both groups attended a single 1-hour educational session on prevention of falls. Measurements The primary outcome was single-leg stance with eyes closed. Secondary outcomes were timed sit-to-stand test, standing balance test, timed 4-m walk, and cognitive function tests, for example, Trail Making Test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results Of the 82 participants randomized, 71 (87%) completed the 12-week follow-up. Single-leg stance with eyes closed (primary outcome) improved in the Senior Dance group (mean difference [MD] = 2.3 seconds, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1 to 3.6) compared with the control group at follow-up. Senior Dance group performed better in the standing balance tests (MD = 3.7 seconds, 95% CI = 0.6 to 6.8) and were faster in the sit-to-stand test (MD = − 3.1 seconds, 95% CI = −4.8 to −1.4) and 4-m walk test (MD = −0.6 seconds, 95% CI = −1.0 to −0.1). There were no significant between-group differences for cognitive function tests. Limitations Participants and therapists were not blinded. Conclusion Senior Dance was effective in improving balance and mobility but not cognitive function in community-dwelling older people.
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Brioni, Elena, Cristiano Magnaghi, Giulia Bruna Delli Zotti, Eleonora Sangiovanni, Maria Teresa Sciarrone Alibrandi, Luigi Apuzzo, Paolo Manunta, Francesco Logias, and Francesco Burrai. "Valutazione Del Benessere Psico-Fisico Nell’aderenza Terapeutica Nelle Donne Con Malattia Renale Policistica Autosomica Dominante: Uno Studio Osservazionale." Giornale di Tecniche Nefrologiche e Dialitiche 31, no. 3 (July 2, 2019): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0394936219858903.
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Evaluation Of The Psychophysical Well-Being In The Compliance Of Women With Autosomal Dominant Policystic Kidney Disease: An Observational Study BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited renal disease and affects less than 1 every 400-1,000 people. There are many effective treatments, including blood pressure management, physical activity, low sodium diet and hydration. Therapeutic education is part of a patient’s care and treatment. This approach is an essential strategy in order to face the current healthcare scenario, in which the number of people affected by chronic diseases is progressively increasing. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to analyze the effect of therapeutic education in patients with ADPKD, the level of adherence to pharmacological therapy and their compliance to dietetic and lifestyle recommendations as part of a nursing-led education. METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal, observational pilot study. The following measurements were used: Kidney Disease Quality of life - Short Form, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Body Uneasiness Test. At the T0 visit, a nurse selected patients and carried out a personalized educational intervention with the aims of adhering to drug therapies, monitoring blood pressure and dietary behavior (physical activity and water intake). At the T1 visit, patients performed psychological tests. At the T2 visit, the following evaluations were performed: a psychological interview together with the delivery and evaluation of the tests performed, an interview with the nurse to evaluate the adherence to the prescriptions, and a control of parameters such as physical activity, diet, water intake, drug therapy, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Therapeutic education can have a positive impact on patients’ health by improving adherence to the pharmacological therapy, diet and lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic education improve the patient’s knowledge, treatments and correct behaviors as well as promotes an independent management of the disease. Through an educational intervention, the patient acquires the ability and the awareness to modify the wrong behaviors and to guarantee a balance between his needs and the pathology, thus improving the quality of life.
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Benway, Nina R., Elaine R. Hitchcock, Tara McAllister, Graham Tomkins Feeny, Jennifer Hill, and Jonathan L. Preston. "Comparing Biofeedback Types for Children With Residual /ɹ/ Errors in American English: A Single-Case Randomization Design." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 30, no. 4 (July 14, 2021): 1819–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_ajslp-20-00216.
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Purpose Research comparing different biofeedback types could lead to individualized treatments for those with residual speech errors. This study examines within-treatment response to ultrasound and visual-acoustic biofeedback, as well as generalization to untrained words, for errors affecting the American English rhotic /ɹ/. We investigated whether some children demonstrated greater improvement in /ɹ/ during ultrasound or visual-acoustic biofeedback. Each participant received both biofeedback types. Individual predictors of treatment response (i.e., age, auditory-perceptual skill, oral somatosensory skill, and growth mindset) were also explored. Method Seven children ages 9–16 years with residual rhotic errors participated in 10 treatment visits. Each visit consisted of two conditions: 45 min of ultrasound biofeedback and 45 min of visual-acoustic biofeedback. The order of biofeedback conditions was randomized within a single-case experimental design. Acquisition of /ɹ/ was evaluated through acoustic measurements (normalized F3–F2 difference) of selected nonbiofeedback productions during practice. Generalization of /ɹ/ was evaluated through acoustic measurements and perceptual ratings of pretreatment/posttreatment probes. Results Five participants demonstrated acquisition of practiced words during the combined treatment package. Three participants demonstrated a clinically significant degree of generalization to untreated words on posttreatment probes. Randomization tests indicated one participant demonstrated a significant advantage for visual-acoustic over ultrasound biofeedback. Participants' auditory-perceptual acuity on an /ɹ/−/w/ identification task was identified as a possible correlate of generalization following treatment. Conclusions Most participants did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in acoustic productions between the ultrasound and visual-acoustic conditions, but one participant showed greater improvement in /ɹ/ during visual-acoustic biofeedback. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14881101
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Abd Rahman, Mohd Harimi. "Visual Perceptual Skills (non-motor) among Adults in Selangor of Malaysia." Medicine & Health 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mh.2020.1502.06.
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Visual perceptual skills are important skills for an adult to carry out their daily activities such as reading, writing and driving, successfully. This study was conducted to determine the visual perceptual skills (non-motor) of a group of adults in Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 120 subjects from Selangor with the age ranging from 20 to 59 years were randomly recruited in this cross-sectional study. This study involved distance and near visual acuity measurements using Snellen chart and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) near vision chart, cognitive screening tests using the Mini Mental State Examination questionnaire (MMSE) as well as visual perceptual skills assessment (non-motor) using the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (Non-Motor)- Revised (TVPS-R). The mean age of the subjects was 39.41+11.81 years old. Results showed that the mean standard scored obtained for Visual Discrimination (VD), Visual Memory (VM), Visual-Spatial Relationships (VSR), Visual Form Constancy (VFC), Visual Sequential Memory (VSM), Visual Figure-Ground (VFG) and Visual Closure (VC) subtests were 14.12+1.10, 13.42+1.58, 14.53+1.26, 12.47+1.03, 12.35+2.26, 13.67+1.64 and 13.73+2.23, respectively. Analysis of ANOVA shows that the VD, VM, and VSM scores are influenced by educational level (p<0.05). Pearson correlation showed a significant negative correlation between all the sub-tests of TVPS-R scores with age variation (p<0.05) except the VFC. Linear regression showed significant negative relationship between VD, VM, VSR and VSM with age. This research provided normative data of TVPS-R test on Malaysian adults for future reference and study.
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Almohiy, Hussain M., Khalid I. Hussein, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohammad Rawashdeh, Elhussaien Elshiekh, Madshush M. Alshahrani, Mohammed Saad, Shane Foley, and Charbel Saade. "Development of a computational tool for estimating computed tomography dose parameters." Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 28, no. 6 (December 5, 2020): 1025–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/xst-200731.
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BACKGROUND: Computed Tomographic (CT) imaging procedures have been reported as the main source of radiation in diagnostic procedures compared to other modalities. To provide the optimal quality of CT images at the minimum radiation risk to the patient, periodic inspections and calibration tests for CT equipment are required. These tests involve a series of measurements that are time consuming and may require specific skills and highly-trained personnel. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a new computational tool to estimate the dose of CT radiation outputs and assist in the calibration of CT scanners. It may also provide an educational resource by which radiological practitioners can learn the influence of technique factors on both patient radiation dose and the produced image quality. METHODS: The computational tool was developed using MATLAB in order to estimate the CT radiation dose parameters for different technique factors. The CT radiation dose parameters were estimated from the calibrated energy spectrum of the x-ray tube for a CT scanner. RESULTS: The estimated dose parameters and the measured values utilising an Adult CT Head Dose Phantom showed linear correlations for different tube voltages (80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp, and 140 kVp), with R2 nearly equal to 1 (0.99). The maximum differences between the estimated and measured CTDIvol were under 5 %. For 80 kVp and low tube currents (50 mA, 100 mA), the maximum differences were under 10%. CONCLUSIONS: The prototyped computational model provides a tool for the simulation of a machine-specific spectrum and CT dose parameters using a single dose measurement.
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Yang, Ningxi, Han Xiao, Yingnan Cao, Shiyue Li, Hong Yan, and Yifang Wang. "Does narrative medicine education improve nursing students’ empathic abilities and academic achievement? A randomised controlled trial." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 8 (July 6, 2018): 3306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518781476.
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Objective To determine the effectiveness of a narrative medicine educational intervention on the empathic abilities and academic achievement of Chinese nursing students. Methods A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted between January 2015 and July 2017. Six class clusters (two controls, four interventions) comprising 180 nursing students were included in this trial. After pre-tests to obtain baseline measurements, two control classes (Group 1) attended regular medical education courses, two intervention classes (Group 2) received theoretical narrative medicine education for 1 term, and two intervention classes (Group 3) received narrative medicine education that integrated theory with practice for 2 terms. The empathic ability and academic achievement of the groups were compared, and longitudinal changes in empathic ability were measured. Results Students in Group 3 showed higher empathic ability and academic achievement than students in Group 1. Empathic ability was measured at six time points and showed between-group differences. The empathy scores of students in Group 3 increased abruptly after the two-term intervention. Conclusions Narrative medicine education that combines theory with practice is an effective strategy for improving nursing students’ empathic ability and academic achievement.
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Falaqi, Rizal. "التقويم التعليمية: مواصفات الاختبار الجيد." TSAQOFIYA Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Ponorogo 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 160–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/tsaqofiya.v2i2.33.
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This study discusses educational evaluations that focus on the characteristics of excellent tests. Evaluation has an important role in the success of learning, and one way to do evaluation is by testing. If the quality of evaluation activities is good, the resulting data can be used to decide about students and to improve the curriculum. Conversely, if the evaluation is of inferior quality, it will mislead decision makers. Therefore, an excellent test is important to know to improve the quality of evaluation. The research method used is qualitative research using the library research method, by collecting related documents, appropriate and valid data. Then analyzed and criticized by being critically indicated the existing discourses to present a research result. The results of the study show that the characteristics of an excellent test are: 1) Validity, the measuring instrument can calculate what is being measured or revealed through the test. 2) Reliability, the results of measurements made using the test repeated on the same subject the results remain the same or are stable in the group. 3) Objectivity, meaning that in carrying out the test there are no subjective factors that influence mainly in the score system. 4) Practices, both practicality related to the implementation and ease of examination. 5) Economical, does not spend a lot of cost, energy and a lot of time. However, all efforts made to present excellent tests must be accompanied by the seriousness of the educator in evaluating the next stage, such as the measurement and assessment process. So that the data generated accurately and evaluation can help develop the learning process under the purpose of the evaluation.
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Kołpa, Małgorzata, and Agnieszka Jankowicz-Szymańska. "Pro-health education in the fight against obesity and its complications in school-age children – 6-month programme of cooperation with the child and parents." Health Promotion & Physical Activity 2, no. 2 (November 22, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7478.
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Introduction: The dynamic development of society affects the health of the population. We often address civilization-related diseases affecting increasingly younger people. The lack of both a balanced diet and physical activity leads to hypertension and obesity. These diseases have a number of serious consequences. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the influence of an educational programme on the arterial pressure and body weight status of children between 10 and 12 years of age. Material and methods: The study (education program) involved 60 primary school pupils in grades 4-6, including 40 boys and 20 girls whose BMI and arterial blood pressure values differed, higher from the standard norms. Anthropometric measurements were made, i.e., height, body weight, blood pressure and blood biochemical tests. Then, the pupils were taken care of by a dietician and a trainer. Results: The problem is the small number of fruits and vegetables in the children’s diet, which is far below the recommended standards. In the study group, nearly 12% of the children had elevated TSH levels. Physical activity of the participants was low and was mostly limited to compulsory physical education lessons. According to the surveys carried out the girls were physically active much less frequently than the boys. Conclusions: The increase in the BMI index results in increased systolic pressure in children. An increase in TSH increases the value of diastolic pressure in 10- to 12-year-olds. Children eat too few fruits and vegetables per week compared to the established standards. The implementation of an educational programme in nutrition and physical activity affects the reduction of BMI in children with excess body weight.
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Sasaki, Kazuhiko, Jutamat Pinitlertsakun, Pakwan Nualnim, Gary Guerra, Yuttapichai Sansook, Supachai Kaewdoung, Suttinun Chotirossukon, et al. "The reversible adjustable coupling: A lightweight and low-cost alignment component for the lower limb prosthesis." Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 4 (January 2017): 205566831770642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055668317706427.
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Background The alignment of the lower limb prosthesis is an integral part of the prosthetic fitting. A properly aligned prosthesis contributes to optimal gait and overall function of the patient. The current offering of alignment componentry is expensive for low-income countries. The purpose of this study was to develop a lightweight and low-cost alignment coupler for the lower limb prosthesis. Methods An alignment coupler called the reversible adjustable coupling was designed and manufactured. Measurements of total anterior/posterior and medial/lateral and rotation in prostheses were recorded and mechanical testing performed. Swiftness and difficulty of use was also recorded. Results The reversible adjustable coupling permitted acceptable ranges of anterior/posterior and medial/lateral translation and 30° of internal and external rotation of prosthetic componentry. Repetitive loading of the coupling at a speed of 1 Hz under 1.28 kN load for 2000 cycles was successful, as were static and strength tests. Discussion The coupler provided acceptable ranges of anterior/posterior and medial/lateral and rotation adjustment and is acceptable for potential use in the alignment of both exoskeletal and endoskeletal prosthesis. The final weight of the component was 166 g and cost of $55.00 USD is affordable for low-income countries for use in clinical and educational settings.
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Cueto, Santiago. "Factors Predicting Achievement, Drop Out And High School Enrolment In A Sample Of Peruvian Rural Students Abstract." education policy analysis archives 12 (July 28, 2004): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v12n35.2004.
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The educational system in Peru has many challenges to conquer, among them providing student populations in high poverty areas with quality service. Rural students are one of the groups that represent an important challenge, because they often speak an indigenous language and study in classrooms that combine a wide variety of ages and grades under a single teacher. This study used a longitudinal design to follow a group of students in 20 public schools in two rural areas. The first measurements were carried out in 1998, when all the students where in fourth grade. Tests of reading comprehension and mathematics were administered at the end of the school year, and again in 2000. Background information included anthropometric measures, questionnaires for the students, teachers, and schools. We went back to the schools in 2001 to record the grade reached by the students. We found that 43% of the students were in high school, while 20% had dropped out; the rest had repeated a grade one or more times. Educational achievement in 2000 was best explained by achievement in 1998, but dropping out was not associated with achievement. Dropping out was associated with gender (women were more likely to drop out), age (older students were more likely to drop out), height for age (positive association) and not living with both parents. We found no in-school support programs for students that fall behind their peers or are at risk of dropping out. In a way we could describe the observed schools as "Darwinian" in the sense that it is expected that students will adapt to the school. The performance of Factores Predictivos del Rendimiento Escolar 3 students has no consequences for their teachers. In terms of policy implications, we suggest considering interventions that account for not only educational variables, but also other needs of the students and families that are served by these schools.
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Vondrova, Diana, Daniela Kapsdorfer, Lubica Argalasova, Katarina Hirosova, Martin Samohyl, and Ludmila Sevcikova. "The impact of selected environmental, behavioral and psychosocial factors on schoolchildren’s somatic and mental health." Reviews on Environmental Health 32, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2017): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2016-0034.
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Abstract Children develop rapidly and many exogenous determinants of health significantly affect their somatic and mental development. There is a subjective perception of cognitive load associated with the educational process. The aim of the study is to assess individual environmental, behavioral and psychosocial factors influencing physical health and to investigate the amount of mental load in children. We investigated 87 schoolchildren (47 girls and 40 boys) aged 10–12 years, who were attending primary school in Bratislava. To assess values of selected factors we used a questionnaire form and personality characteristics were estimated by standardized psycho-diagnostic and IQ tests [range of classic fear, social-situation anxiety and jitters [skala Klasickeho strachu a Socialno-situacnej (in Slovak)] (KSAT), Eyesenck Personality Questionnaire for children (EPQ), Raven’s IQ test]. Self-reported perception of mental load was assessed by questionnaire of subjective feelings and states (SFS). Children’s body parameters were assessed using anthropometric measurements [height, weight, chest, abdominal and hip girth, Rohrer’s index (RI), body mass index (BMI)] and a body fat measurement method (skinfold thickness). The results confirmed a significant relationship between higher parameters of overweight and obesity and irregular breakfast eating (p<0.05), absence of family dining (p<0.05), exposure to tobacco smoke in the family environment (p<0.01) and mother’s level of education (p<0.05). Almost 60% of children reported high mental effort and cognitive load associated with the educational process. We note a close relationship between the higher mental load and the score of neuroticism (p<0.01). The physical and mental health of schoolchildren is significantly affected by exogenous factors. Therefore, in terms of protection and promotion of children’s health, it is important to evaluate and monitor environmental risk factors and to form their healthy habits.