Academic literature on the topic 'Efebi'

Este artigo pretende analisar a Electra de Eurípides, sob um ângulo específico – o exame da efebia (ephebeia). O drama de exclusão-inclusão de Electra e Orestes, somado ao espaço de ação, a fronteira, levou-nos a conjecturar que os jovens vivenciam conjuntamente a instituição militar conhecida como efebia, um ritual de iniciação masculino. Em que pese a efebia ser exclusiva do universo masculino, desenvolvemos a ideia de os heróis formarem uma unidade, uma única persona – o vingador/justiceiro; portanto, ambos participam do mesmo ritual. Comparamos alguns aspectos da instituição com as ações desenvolvidas pelos protagonistas e cogitamos da possibilidade de, no nível do texto poético, assistir a efebia trágica.

The wave problem of finite element solution of one dimensional stationary convection diffusion equation is analyzed. The reason for wave is the poor continuity of linear Lagrange shape function. By using exponential function based interpolation (EFBI), the results of finite element solution are compared with that of the analytical solution. The results indicate that EFBI is effective to deal with the problem of numerical wave. The shape function of three dimensional EFBI is derived and analyzed. Morphological analysis shows that EFBI has good differentiability and adaptability.

Este artículo propone una investigación en torno a los límites de la intertextualidad tal como la define Harold Bloom. De acuerdo con Bloom, un texto no tiene sentido en sí mismo, sino en otro texto. En el caso planteado en este artículo, el otro texto tuvo que ser escrito por el efebo o por el precursor del poeta, sin que tenga importancia si éste lo ha leído recientemente o no. Esta relación edípica entre el precursor y el efebo puede ser descrita de forma que señale su propio esquema. Pero su resolución, excepto para Shakespeare, es siempre la misma: el efebo pierde en su lucha por la primacía -tanto en el tiempo como en su imaginaria grandeza-.Se citan dos textos con intención de mostrar la clase de ruptura que se da en esta visión unitaria. Agamenón de Esquilo y Crónica de una muerte anunciada de García Márquez comparten una estructura similar además del tópico, y ambas pertenecen a la misma tradición, aunque ninguna de las dos pierde su facticidad. A causa de esto último, la intertextualidad puede verse como un medio necesario para acercarse a un texto literario, aunque no sea el único.

Abstract. During the last 20 years extreme wildfires have challenged firefighting capabilities. Often, the prediction of the extreme behaviour is essential for the safety of citizens and firefighters. Currently, there are several fire danger indices routinely used by firefighting services, but they are not suited to forecast extreme-wildfire behaviour at the global scale. This article proposes a new fire danger index, the extreme-fire behaviour index (EFBI), based on the analysis of the vertical profiles of the atmosphere above wildfires as an addition to the use of traditional fire danger indices. The EFBI evaluates the ease of interaction between wildfires and the atmosphere that could lead to deep moist convection and erratic and extreme wildfires. Results of this research through the analysis of some of the critical fires in the last years show that the EFBI can potentially be used to provide valuable information to identify convection-driven fires and to enhance fire danger rating schemes worldwide.

ABSTRACTStreptococcus thermophilusis a facultative anaerobic bacterium that has the ability to grow and survive in aerobic environments, but the mechanism for this remains unclear. In this study, theefeBgene, encoding a dye-decolorizing peroxidase, was identified in the genome ofStreptococcus thermophilusCGMCC 7.179, and purified EfeB was able to decolorize reactive blue 5. Strikingly, genes encoding two components (TatA and TatC) of the twin-arginine translocation (TAT) system were also found in the same operon with theefeBgene. Knocking outefeBortatCresulted in decreased growth of the strain under aerobic conditions, and complementation of theefeB-deficient strains with theefeBgene enhanced the biomass of the hosts only in the presence of thetatCgene. Moreover, it was proved for bothS. thermophilusCGMCC 7.179 andEscherichia coliDE3 that EfeB could be translocated by the TAT system ofS. thermophilus. In addition, the transcriptional levels ofefeBandtatCincreased when the strain was cultured under aerobic conditions. Overall, these results provide the first evidence that EfeB plays a role in protecting cells ofS. thermophilusfrom oxidative stress, with the assistance of the TAT system.

A figura do efebo (o gazel) é aqui apresentada na tradução de três poemas de dois autores judeus medievais da Espanha: Shemuel haNaguid e Iehudá haLevi. São vistos como textos que enriquecem a obra dos respectivos poetas, na perspectiva rigorosamente literária.

A través de su relación con variados tipos femeninos, Equis, personaje memorablede La nave de los locos de Cristina Peri Rossi, se suma al juego de laindefinición sexual c omo parte de la justificación de su ser/estar en el mundo.De este modo cobra suma importancia la escena del club de streaptease enque Lucía/Dolores deviene en “hermoso efebo”, transformación que pone alandrógino en el centro mismo de la desarticulación y superación del binarismofundamental hombre.

Artykuł stanowi interpretację przemiany twórczości i osobowości Czesława Miłosza zgodnie z zaproponowanym przez Harolda Blooma modelem agonu poetyckiego efeba z prekursorem. Autor polemizuje z wcześniejszymi ujęciami twórczości Miłosza w tym duchu – sugerującymi, że najważniejszym nauczycielem poety był Adam Mickiewicz. Tymczasem uważna analiza wspomnień i deklaracji ideowych autora Rodzinnej Europy dowodzi, że źródłowy wpływ, który zdecydował o przebiegu całej dalszej ewolucji Miłosza, wywarł na niego katecheta, ksiądz Leopold Chomski, inne zaś figury mistrzowskie w twórczości poety to przekształcenia obrazu tego pierwotnego nauczyciela.

En el presente artículo, analizaremos al detalle la refiguración posmoderna del mito clásico de Narciso en el largometraje Yo soy otro (2008), dirigido por el cineasta colombiano Óscar Campo. Según argüiremos desde una amplia perspectiva filosófica enfocada en las epistemologías contemporáneas del individuo posmetafísico, este filme propone una apropiación audaz de la trágica historia del efebo heleno que subsume las preocupaciones existenciales que determinan al sujeto contemporáneo y causan su auto-absorción individualista, su líquida impotencia, su falta de referentes trascendentales y sus pulsiones mortíferas.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
A Doen?a de Parkinson (DP) est? associada a sintomas motores e ? perda de neur?nios dopamin?rgicos na via nigroestriatal. A prote?na alfa-sinucle?na ? o principal componente dos corpos de Lewy, marcadores biol?gicos da doen?a, e tem sido associada a casos de Parkinson heredit?rio. Recentemente, a estimula??o da medula espinhal (EME) tem se mostrado um m?todo de neuromodula??o efetivo em aliviar os sintomas parkinsonianos em modelos animais e pacientes humanos da DP. Nesse projeto, caracterizamos os efeitos motores e eletrofisiol?gicos da express?o de alfa-sinucle?na na subst?ncia nigra de ratos. Al?m disso, investigamos os efeitos da administra??o de AMPT, L-dopa e da aplica??o de EME nesse modelo. M?todo: Ratos Sprague-Dawley receberam inje??o unilateral de vetor viral vazio ou para expressar alfa-sinucle?na na subst?ncia nigra e foram avaliados semanalmente na tarefa do campo aberto e do cilindro. Um grupo separado de animais implantados com matrizes bilaterais de eletrodos no c?rtex motor e no estriado foram registrados semanalmente no campo aberto, durante as sess?es de EME e nos experimentos farmacol?gicos. Resultados: A express?o de alfa-sinucle?na resultou em assimetria motora, observada na redu??o do uso da pata contralateral na tarefa do cilindro. Os animais apresentaram aumento da atividade de potencial de campo local estriatal em beta ap?s tr?s e quatro semanas de express?o de alfa-sinucle?na, que desapareceu a partir da quinta semana. A administra??o de AMPT resultou em um quadro parkinsoniano severo, com redu??o da atividade locomotora e significativo aparecimento do pico de atividade oscilat?ria em beta no estriado e no cortex desse modelo. A EME mostrou-se efetiva em aliviar a assimetria motora em longo prazo, mas n?o reduziu as oscila??es corticostriatais de baixa frequ?ncia observadas 24 hs ap?s a administra??o de AMPT. Essas oscila??es foram atenuadas pela administra??o de L-dopa que, de forma semelhante ? EME, n?o foi efetiva em restaurar a atividade locomotora dos animais durante esse quadro de deple??o severa de dopamina. Discuss?o: O modelo alfa-sinucle?na da DP reproduz o preju?zo motor e a condi??o progressiva do processo neurodegenerativo. N?s demonstramos, pela primeira vez, que esse modelo apresenta tamb?m aumento da atividade corticostriatal oscilat?ria na banda beta compat?vel com as caracter?sticas da doen?a e que a EME tem efeito terap?utico sobre o sintoma motor desse modelo.
Parkinson disease (PD) is associated with motor symptoms and dopaminergic cell loss in the nigrostriatal pathway. Alpha-synuclein is the major component of the Lewy bodies, the biological hallmarks of disease, and has been associated with familial cases of PD. Recently, the spinal cord stimulation (SCS) showed to be effective to alleviate the Parkinson symptoms in animal models and human patients. In this project, we characterized the motor and electrophysiological effects of alpha-synuclein overexpression in the substantia nigra of rats. We further investigated the effects of spinal electrical stimulation, AMPT and L-dopa administration in this model. Method: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with empty viral vector or the vector carrying the gene for alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra, and were tested weekly for 10 weeks in the open field and cylinder tests. A separated group of animals implanted with bilateral electrode arrays in the motor cortex and the striatum were recorded in the open field, during the SCS sessions and the pharmacological experiments. Results: Alpha-synuclein expression resulted in motor asymmetry, observed as the reduction in use of contralateral forepaw in the cylinder test. Animals showed an increase of local field potential activity in beta band three and four weeks after the virus injection, that was not evident after the 5th week. AMPT resulted in a sever parkinsonian state, with reduction in the locomotor activity and significant peak of oscillatory activity in cortex and striatum. SCS was effective to alleviate the motor asymmetry at long term, but did not reduce the corticostriatal low frequency oscillations observed 24 hs after the AMPT administration. These oscillations were attenuated by L-dopa that, even as SCS, was not effective to restore the locomotor activity during the severe dopaminergic depletion period. Discussion: The alpha-synuclein model reproduces the motor impairment and the progressive neurodegenerative process of PD. We demonstrated, by the first time, that this model also presents the increase in low frequency oscillatory activity in the corticostriatal circuit, compatible with parkinsonian condition; and that SCS has a therapeutic effect on motor symptom of this model.

Surface tension determination of liquid-vapor interfaces of polyatomic fluids using traditional methods has shown to be difficult due to the requirement of evaluating complex intermolecular potentials. However, analytical techniques have recently been developed that determine surface tension solely by means of the characteristics of the interfacial region between the bulk liquid and vapor regions. A post-simulation application of the excess free energy density integration (EFEDI) method was used for analysis of the resultant density profile of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of argon using a simple Lennard-Jones potential and diatomic nitrogen using a two-center Lennard-Jones potential. MD simulations were also run for an approximation of nitrogen using the simple Lennard-Jones potential. In each MD simulation, a liquid film was initialized between vapor regions and NVE-type simulations were run to equilibrium. The simulation domain was divided into bins across the interfacial region for fluid density collection, and the resultant interfacial region density profile was used for surface tension evaluation. Application of the EFEDI method to these MD simulation results exhibited good approximations to surface tension as a function of temperature for both a simple and complex potential.

Surface tension prediction of liquid-vapor interfaces of polyatomic fluids using traditional methods in molecular dynamics simulations has shown to be difficult due to the requirement of evaluating complex intermolecular potentials even though these methods provide accurate predictions. In addition, the traditional methods may only be performed during a simulation run. However, analytical techniques have recently been developed that determine surface tension by using the characteristics of the density profile of the interfacial region between the bulk liquid and vapor regions. Since these characteristics are a standard result of many liquid-vapor interfacial region simulations, these data may be used in a post-simulation analysis. One such method, excess free density integration (EFEDI), provides results from the post-simulation analysis, but the expansion from monatomic to polyatomic fluids is not straightforward [1]. A more general and powerful approach to surface tension involves the application of a Redlich-Kwong-based mean-field theory [2], which has resulted in a single equation linking the surface tension of a fluid, σlv, with the density gradient at the center of the interfacial region, σlv=0.1065(1−T/Tc)−0.34Li2dρ^dzz=0aR0NA2bRNAT1/2ln1+ρ^lbRNA1+ρ^vbRNA(1) where z is the position normal to the interfacial region and is zero at its center, ρ^l and ρ^v are the liquid and vapor molar densities, respectively, TC is the critical temperature, NA is Avogadro’s number, Li is a characteristic length given by Li=kBTCPC1/3(2) and aR0 and bR are the coefficients in the Redlich-Kwong equation of state, P=NkBTV−bRN−aR0N2T1/2V(V+bRN)(3) Furthermore, PC is the critical pressure for the fluid. Reference [2] shows that the relation provided by Equation 1 provides a approximate prediction of surface tension for argon fluid using data from molecular dynamics simulations. The derivation of Equation 1 is based on the assumption that the density profile in the interfacial region follows ρ^−ρ^vρ^l−ρ^v=1e4z/δzi+1(4) where δzi is the interfacial region thickness,. Note that Equation 4 is more commonly expressed in the equivalent form ρ^(z)=12(ρ^l+ρ^v)−12(ρ^l−ρ^v)tanh2zδzi(5) Wemhoff and Carey [1] have recommended the use the fit curve relation given by Equation 5 for the liquid-vapor interfacial region of a diatomic nitrogen system. Therefore, Equation 1 may be used to predict the surface tension for diatomic nitrogen at various temperatures.