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Journal articles on the topic 'Effect of environment on | Australia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 December 2022

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Rich, David C., and R. W. Young. "Environment and development in Australia." Australian Geographer 19, no. 1 (1988): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049188808702947.

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2

Kalfadellis, Paul, Judy Gray, and Susan Reeman. "Established foreign subsidiaries and the relationship between: the environment, satisfaction and investment intentions." Internext 1, no. 1 (2008): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18568/1980-4865.11125-150.

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This study identified the environmental factors that influence established foreign subsidiaries operating in Australia. In seeking to examine and explain subsidiary development in a location this study sought to test the relationship between the identified environmental factors, satisfaction and future investment intentions. Based on a sample of 356 foreign subsidiaries operating in Australia, a mediated regression model was used to test the relationship. The results showed that overall satisfaction, national institutional environment, and local investment image had a positive predictive effect, while input costs and small market had a negative predictive effect on the relationship with investment intentions. Overall satisfaction as a mediator on the relationship between these factors and investment intentionsindicated that national institutional environment, and local investment image had no additional effect on investment intentions beyond their impact on overall satisfaction.

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3

Peng, Ti-Ching, and Chien-Fu Chen. "The effect of quality determinants on house prices of eight capital cities in Australia." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 9, no. 3 (2016): 355–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-06-2015-0028.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the effects of “quality” as well as fundamentals on house prices in eight capital cities in Australia from 1985-2011. Two types of quality are considered: housing quality, proxied by “value of alterations and additions”, “value of new residential buildings”, “floor area” and “site area”; and living environment quality, proxied by “overall crime rate”. Design/methodology/approach The application of dynamic panel model, in which the lagged values of house prices are considered, is to reveal the dynamic persistence of house prices over time and to investigate the heterogeneity of house prices across cities in Australia. Findings Fundamental variables including “unemployment rate”, introduction of “GST” (Goods and Service Tax), “real mortgage rate” and “price-to-rent ratio” demonstrated their consistent and expected effects on property prices in Australia. More importantly, “value of new residential buildings” – indicating housing quality – and “overall crime rate” – representing environmental living quality – also demonstrated statistically significant effects on house prices. Originality/value As one of the few studies that attempt to take housing/living-environment quality into account in analysing house prices, it gives households, researchers and policy-makers a better understanding of the role of “quality” in the variation of house prices.

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4

F. Recher, H. "State of Australia's environment." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 1 (1997): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970001.

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The Australia: State of the Environment 1996 (SOE) report was released late last year. The preparation of the SOE was overdue and expensive in terms of financial and human resources. On these grounds alone, I expected a report that achieved excellence. I also expected excellence because Australia confronts an uncertain environmental future.

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5

Bell, Candice. "PESA Australia business environment review 2021." APPEA Journal 62, no. 2 (2022): S519—S526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj21224.

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With a backdrop of energy transition and an accelerating need to decarbonise, the oil and gas business environment was complex and conflicted through 2021. The complexity of the energy transition was continually highlighted by academia and international agencies. While asserting gas and LNG as a fuel critical to the energy transition, they continued to warn that the transition away from fossil fuels is not occurring fast enough to arrest catastrophic climate change. International cooperation culminating at COP26 somewhat faltered in the face of the immense challenges the energy transition poses. Complexity was also demonstrated through the rise in LNG spot prices as Asia’s demand for energy rebounded. Though high spot LNG prices through this period proved lucrative for producers, the surge in prices pushed some Asian markets back to emission-intensive yet low-cost coal for energy generation, signalling the volatility and challenges of LNG’s position as an energy transition fuel. Conflict was seen when environmentally focused activist investors disrupted business-as-usual operations for several Australian and international firms, with all signs pointing to an intensification of this trend in the coming years. In response, capital markets rallied behind low-carbon energy investments with trillions of dollars flowing towards renewables, hydrogen and CCS projects. Finally, to compound the complexity of the myriad external forces, oil and gas firms coalesced around four key decarbonisation responses. Oil and gas firms focused efforts on: (1) strengthening and refining net zero commitments; (2) operational decarbonisation including CCS investment; (3) investment in low-carbon fuels including hydrogen; and (4) consolidation, to strengthen balance sheets, build business model resilience and diversify their portfolios.

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6

Thomas, I., and T. Day. "Careers in the environment in Australia." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 19, no. 1 (2012): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2011.646753.

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7

Hobbs, Richard J. "Australia: State of the environment 1996." Landscape and Urban Planning 38, no. 1-2 (1997): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-2046(97)00022-4.

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8

Sivakumar, Bellie. "Water resources and environment in Australia." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 28, no. 1 (2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-013-0785-z.

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9

Wild, Erin. "PESA Australia Business Environment Review 2022." APPEA Journal 63, no. 2 (2023): S14—S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj23019.

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The energy industry has experienced continued uncertainty in the last 12 months driven by the ongoing impact of the war in Ukraine, China’s continued COVID crisis and the energy transformation. While the impacts of these events have varied across the world regional responses have focussed on energy security, affordability, and decarbonisation. While this has resulted in a greater focus on policy, investment decision making and operational discipline, it has also resulted in discussions at COP27 and DAVOS on energy poverty and the need to ensure equitable access to affordable energy. One important ramification of this uncertainty was the record global capital investment in energy transition activities particularly in renewable energy, electrified transport, and energy storage. From an Australian perspective, against the backdrop of a revised national emissions target and an east coast energy crisis, industry participants attempted to progress capital projects to support domestic energy demand–supply requirements. However, these ambitions were challenged by energy policies, economics, and social activism influences. Consequently, important projects designed to address domestic gas supply constraints were either suspended or experienced postponement of final investment decisions. Furthermore, through the vehicle of mergers and acquisitions, new participants entered the Australian market as established upstream operators actively sort to increase sustainable energy investments through ‘new energy’ business models in the form of portfolio consolidation, divestment, and defensibility as part of the energy transition pursuit and carbon abatement. All of which fosters long-term value creation through the ESG growth space as renewable technologies such as Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage, experienced significant investment within the local industry. Finally, the unavoidable maturation of oil and gas assets across the nation has also accelerated activities across the Australian market in preparation for the imminent decommissioning wave, which is anticipated to cost billions of dollars over the next decade.

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10

Kaloki, Peter, Richard Trethowan, and Daniel K. Y. Tan. "Effect of genotype × environment × management interactions on chickpea phenotypic stability." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 5 (2019): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18547.

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Crop varieties interact with the environment, which affects their performance. It is imperative to know how the environment affects these crop varieties in order to choose carefully the optimal environment for growth. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is grown in varying environmental conditions including conventional and no-tillage under both irrigated and rainfed farming systems. Hence, genotype × environment × management interactions can affect yield stability. An experiment was conducted in north-western New South Wales, Australia, to investigate these interactions and to determine possible environment types to help focus crop improvement. Eight environments were considered and genotype plus genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplots were generated to assess genotype stability and interactions with environment. Genotype and environment main effects and genotype × environment interactions (GEI) accounted for 12.6%, 66% and 12% of the total variation in yield, respectively. The most productive and stable environments were not tilled, irrespective of moisture status. The most stable and productive genotype was Sonali, closely followed by PBA Slasher and ICCV 96853. The eight test environments grouped into two environment types that differentiated on the basis of tillage regime. Moisture was not a determinant of site grouping.

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11

SOOSAY, CLAUDINE A., and PAUL W. HYLAND. "EFFECT OF FIRM CONTINGENCIES ON CONTINUOUS INNOVATION." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 02, no. 02 (2005): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877005000447.

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Innovation within logistics organizations does not occur in isolation. Most innovation occurs in response to environmental factors outside the direct control of management. Factors such as the location of the organizations, the available technologies, the accessibility of knowledge and globalization can all have an impact on how a business responds in innovative ways that ensure it can remain competitive. The logistics function is increasing in its strategic importance as more and more firms in developed economies such as Singapore and Australia are forced to complete globally to survive. In such a dynamic environment, logistics business must innovate; and to benefit from innovative technologies, systems, processes and practices they must consider the external contingencies that will have the greatest impact on the business operation. This paper provides important lessons from managers in logistics organisations in Australia and Singapore; and demonstrates how contingent factors can affect how firms differ in their strategies and capacities to innovate.

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12

Champness, Matthew, Carlos Ballester, and John Hornbuckle. "Effect of Soil Moisture Deficit on Aerobic Rice in Temperate Australia." Agronomy 13, no. 1 (2023): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010168.

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Declining water availability is pressing rice growers to adopt water-saving irrigation practices such as aerobic rice to maintain profitability per megalitre (ML) of water input. Irrigators require well-defined irrigation thresholds to initiate irrigation to maximise water productivity. Such thresholds do not exist for temperate rice regions. Adopting a strategy that has been reported to succeed in non-temperate environments may fail in temperate climates, and therefore, needs investigation. This study aimed to investigate, in a temperate Australian environment, the effect of increasing soil moisture deficit during the rice vegetative period on crop physiological development, grain yield and water productivity. The study was conducted in a commercial farm using a randomised complete block design in the 2020/21 and 2021/22 growing seasons. Automated gravity surface irrigation technologies were adopted to enable high-frequency irrigation. Extending soil moisture deficit beyond 15 kPa was found to significantly delay panicle initiation by at least 13–14 days, exposing rice to cold temperatures in Year 1 during the cold-sensitive early pollen microspore period. This reduced yield by up to 55% (4.5 t/ha) compared to the 15 kPa treatment that was not impacted by cold sterility. In the absence of cold sterility, irrigated water productivity and total water productivity ranged between 1.02 and 1.61 t/ML, and 0.84 and 0.93 t/ML, respectively. The highest yields (8.1 and 7.5 t/ha) were achieved irrigating at a soil tension of 15 kPa in growing seasons 2020/21 and 2021/22. This research demonstrates that sound water productivity can be achieved with aerobic rice cultivation in temperate climates, providing cold temperatures during early pollen microspore are avoided. The quantification of the delay in crop development caused by increasing soil moisture deficit provides rice farmers greater confidence in determining the irrigation strategy and timing of pre-emergent irrigation in regions at risk of cold sterility. However, due to the high labour demand associated with aerobic rice, the adoption of aerobic rice at a commercial scale in this Australian environment is unlikely without adopting automated irrigation technology.

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13

Hughes, Rami, and David Thorpe. "A review of enabling factors in construction industry productivity in an Australian environment." Construction Innovation 14, no. 2 (2014): 210–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-03-2013-0016.

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Purpose – The purpose of the research discussed in this paper is to ascertain the perception, from the project manager's viewpoint, of factors affecting construction productivity in the State of Queensland, Australia. Design/methodology/approach – The research was conducted by a structured questionnaire that was sent to 89 randomly selected construction project managers in Queensland, Australia. This questionnaire requested background information about the respondents and then sought a score, using a 0-4 Likert scale, from each of them with respect to the importance of 47 factors identified from the literature that were considered likely to affect construction productivity. The factors were stratified into primary factors and secondary factors contributing to three of the primary factors. There were 36 responses. These factors were rated by the respondents and then ranked using a relative importance index approach. Findings – The research evaluated the relative importance of the primary factors with respect to their effect on construction productivity. The 15 highest ranking factors are discussed. Three factors – rework, poor supervisor competency, and incomplete drawings – were ranked as having a strong effect on construction productivity. There was also an analysis of the secondary factors in relation to three of the primary factors. Research limitations/implications – The research focused on the State of Queensland in Australia. It had a response rate of 40 per cent. It provides insight into the factors affecting productivity on construction projects in Australia. Further research to investigate the identified factors in depth, using targeted interviews of expert project management professionals, is currently being undertaken. Practical implications – The construction industry can use the findings in this paper as a basis for improving the productivity of construction projects. Originality/value – This research is original research, which has highlighted a number of key areas of which construction productivity can be improved.

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14

Cumming, Suzanne. "Snow. A Natural History; an uncertain Future." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 3 (1998): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980273.

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Alpine and subalpine environments are extremely restricted in Australia, with the highest peaks of the Australian Alps occurring well below the theoretical altitudinal range necessary for a permanent snow cover. The alpine environment also suffers from a lack of continuity, emphasized by the break between the mainland and Tasmanian alpine communities. There is a major concern for the snow country of Australia and the organisms which inhabit, and are totally dependent on, the snow. These environments are under threat from predicted global warming from the enhanced greenhouse effect, leading to a loss of snow cover. Australia is facing the loss, not just of snow, but of the alpine ecosystem itself.

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15

Sale, P. W. G., R. J. Gilkes, M. D. A. Bolland, et al. "The agronomic effectiveness of reactive phosphate rocks 1. Effect of the pasture environment." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 8 (1997): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea96108.

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Summary. The agronomic effectiveness of directly applied North Carolina reactive phosphate rock was determined for 4 years from annual dry matter responses at 26 permanent pasture sites across Australia as part of the National Reactive Phosphate Rock Project. Fertiliser comparisons were based on the substitution value of North Carolina reactive phosphate rock for triple superphosphate (the SV50). The SV50 was calculated from fitted response curves for both fertilisers at the 50% of maximum yield response level of triple superphosphate. The reactive phosphate rock was judged to be as effective as triple superphosphate in the 1st year (and every year thereafter) at 4 sites (SV50 >0.9), and was as effective by the 4th year at 5 sites. At another 9 sites the reactive phosphate rock was only moderately effective with SV50 values between 0.5 and 0.8 in the 4th year, and at the final 8 sites it performed poorly with the 4th year SV50 being less than 0.5. Pasture environments where the reactive phosphate rock was effective in the 1st year were: (i) those on sandy, humic or peaty podsols with an annual rainfall in excess of 850 mm; (ii) those on soils that experienced prolonged winter inundation and lateral surface flow; and (iii) tropical grass pastures in very high rainfall areas (>2300 mm) on the wet tropical coast on North Queensland. The highly reactive North Carolina phosphate rock became effective by the 4th year at sites in southern Australia where annual rainfall exceeded 700 mm, and where the surface soil was acidic [pH (CaCl2) <5.0] and not excessively sandy (sand fraction in the A1 horizon <67%) but had some phosphorus (P) sorption capacity. Sites that were unsuitable for reactive phosphate rock use in the medium term (up to 4 years at least) were on very high P-sorbing krasnozem soils or high P-sorbing lateritic or red earth soils supporting subterranean-clover-dominant pasture, or on lower rainfall (< 600 mm) pastures growing on soils with a sandy A1 horizon (sand component >84%). No single environmental feature adequately predicted reactive phosphate rock performance although the surface pH of the soil was most closely correlated with the year-4 SV50 (r = 0.67). Multiple linear regression analysis found that available soil P (0–10 cm) and the P sorption class of the surface soil (0–2 cm), together with annual rainfall and a measure of the surface soil"s ability to retain moisture, could explain about two-thirds of the variance in the year-4 SV50 . The results from this Project indicate that there are a number of specific pasture environments in the higher rainfall regions of Australia where North Carolina reactive phosphate rock can be considered as an effective substitute P fertiliser for improved pasture.

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16

Carter, Jennifer. "Rural change in Australia: population, economy, environment." Australian Geographer 45, no. 4 (2014): 567–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2014.953727.

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17

Russell, Jim. "Relating Heritage to the Environment in Australia." Environmental History Review 15, no. 3 (1991): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3985039.

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18

Tyrrell, Ian. "Environment, landscape and history: Gardening in Australia." Australian Historical Studies 38, no. 130 (2007): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314610708601252.

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19

LLOYD, BOB. "State of Environment Reporting Australia: A Review." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 3, no. 3 (1996): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.1996.10648352.

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20

Herath, Gamini. "Agrochemical use and the environment in Australia." International Journal of Social Economics 25, no. 2/3/4 (1998): 283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299810193461.

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21

Holdaway, Simon J., and Patricia C. Fanning. "Geoarchaeology in Australia: understanding human-environment interactions." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 346, no. 1 (2010): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp346.6.

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22

Farré, Imma, Michael J. Robertson, Senthold Asseng, Robert J. French, and Miles Dracup. "Simulating lupin development, growth, and yield in a Mediterranean environment." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 8 (2004): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04027.

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Simulation of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) production would be a useful tool for assessing agronomic and management options for the crop. This paper reports on the development and testing of a model of lupin development and growth, designed for use in the cropping systems simulator, APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator). Parameters describing leaf area expansion, phenology, radiation interception, biomass accumulation and partitioning, water use, and nitrogen accumulation were obtained from the literature or derived from field experiments. The model was developed and tested using data from experiments including different locations, cultivars, sowing dates, soil types, and water supplies. Flowering dates ranged from 71 to 109 days after sowing and were predicted by the model with a root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 4–5 days. Observed grain yields ranged from 0.5 to 2.7 t/ha and were simulated by the model with a RMSD of 0.5 t/ha. Simulation of a waterlogging effect on photosynthesis improved the model performance for leaf area index (LAI), biomass, and yield. The effect of variable rainfall in Western Australia and sowing date on yield was analysed using the model and historical weather data. Yield reductions were found with delay in sowing, particularly in water-limited environments. The model can be used for assessing some agronomic and management options and quantifying potential yields for specific locations, soil types, and sowing dates in Western Australia.

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23

BENNETT, S. J., and N. W. GALWEY. "The use of spatial analysis to measure the effect of environmental heterogeneity on genetic variation in Trifolium species from Sardinia." Journal of Agricultural Science 139, no. 3 (2002): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002484.

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Trifolium species are native to the Mediterranean Basin where they are an important component of permanent pastures. A number of species have become naturalized in Australia and are agriculturally important in annual pastures. To understand the importance of genetic and ecotypic variation in the adaptation of Trifolium species to a new environment, seeds of three predominantly inbreeding and two predominantly outcrossing species of Trifolium were collected from 12 sites in Sardinia in 1998. Detailed ecogeographic information was collected at each site. The progeny were grown at the University of Western Australia Field Station at Shenton Park, Western Australia in 1999, and were scored for 10 morphological characters. Spatial analysis was applied to the data to improve the estimation of accession means, and to investigate the relationship with environmental variables that characterized the sites of collection. The spatially adjusted means were used as the basis for a principal components analysis. Ecogeographical factors at the sites of collection, particularly soil pH, are suggested to be more important than breeding system in determining the extent of genetic variation within the species. The species that showed the greatest genetic variation between accessions were the predominantly inbreeding species T. glomeratum and T. subterraneum, and the predominantly outcrossing species T. nigrescens. It is suggested that the wide genetic variation of these three species is largely due to their being in an ecogeographic environment close to their optimum, and to the possession of a mating system that is neither completely outcrossing nor completely self-fertilizing. The remaining two species, T. tomentosum and T. resupinatum, both occur more frequently on alkaline soils, and it is suggested that for the collected accessions of these two species the acid soils of Sardinia are a stressful environment that does not promote high levels of genetic variation.

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24

Patterson, J. C. "INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM INVESTMENT — WHY AUSTRALIA?" APPEA Journal 25, no. 1 (1985): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj84001.

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This paper presents the methodology that Conoco, a major international energy company, uses to make exploration investment decisions. This methodology includes a detailed and well coordinated analysis of the technical merits, cost environment, political/economic environment, and contract terms for every area of interest.Conoco continually monitors the activity in the more than 500 sedimentary basins around the world. A forecast of undiscovered reserves is made by country and basin. Obviously, all else being equal, it is better to search for oil in places considered to have the most oil left to be discovered. Gas prone areas tend to be of less interest.Once an area is identified to be of interest, data are collected on specific identifiable prospects to begin an exhaustive analysis. Recoverable reserves are estimated and the exploration program required to evaluate the area is determined.The development costs for the anticipated discovery are estimated along with production profiles. Sensitivity analyses are performed to view the effects of delays caused by factors beyond operator control.The political/economic environment in which operations would function is evaluated. A company must be able to anticipate that a government with stability and integrity will reign throughout the life of a project.Finally, the contract terms that govern the petroleum operations are analyzed. A complete discounted cash flow analysis is performed.This paper considers how each of these elements in the analysis might be a plus or a minus with regard to directing exploration funds toward Australia and shows that Australia affords an ideal mix of technical/geological merit with a workable acquisition environment and attractive economic reward. Comparisons will be made with other areas around the world.

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25

Hooper, G. H. S. "The Changing Environment of Locust Control in Australia." Journal of Orthoptera Research, no. 7 (December 1998): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3503505.

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26

Thomas, Ian. "The environment profession in Australia: a status report." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 26, no. 1 (2018): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2018.1522605.

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27

Dragovich, D. "Marble weathering in an industrial environment, eastern Australia." Environmental Geology and Water Sciences 17, no. 2 (1991): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01701568.

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28

Tyrrell, Ian, Geoffrey Lawrence, Frank Vanclay, and Brian Furze. "Agriculture, Environment and Society: Contemporary Issues for Australia." Labour History, no. 73 (1997): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516542.

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29

Maher, W. A., and G. E. Batley. "Organometallics in the nearshore marine environment of Australia." Applied Organometallic Chemistry 4, no. 5 (1990): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590040503.

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30

Molyneux, Simon. "PESA Australian business environment review 2019." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj20009.

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This Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia review looks at the major issues that impacted the Australian petroleum business environment in 2019. While the petroleum business in 2020 has been combating an oil price slump and a global economic slowdown driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, 2019 will be remembered as a pivotal year in the petroleum industry. At a global level, climate change moved centre-stage with global protests, extensive media coverage and clear commitments from global players in the resource industry to become net-zero emitters of carbon. Oil prices averaged US$64/barrel for Brent, liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices fell and global CO2 emissions from power generation were flat for the first time. In Australia, petroleum production also increased, driven by LNG production, and Australia became the world’s largest producer of LNG, the world’s largest CO2 injection plant became operational and the regulatory system was tested by current operations and future drilling. Meanwhile, society’s relationship with the petroleum industry was reframed with the linking of extensive bushfires to climate change. This paper will describe each of these issues and frame the issues facing the industry in 2020 and beyond.

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31

Tranter, Bruce. "Environmentalism in Australia: elites and the public." Journal of Sociology 35, no. 3 (1999): 331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078339903500305.

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Political elites (federal candidates) from all parties in Australia exhibit more favourable attitudes toward the environment than voters. Nevertheless, the magnitude of these elite-public differences are declining over time as 'the environment' has become a mainstream political issue. The level of environmental activism among the political elite is on the rise, both within and across party boundaries, indicating an increasing acceptability of 'the environment' among politicians. On the other hand, there is some evidence of a decline in environmental group membership and a shift in the issue priorities of environmental groups, with members now increasingly supportive of 'green green' environmental issues. There is also tentative evidence to suggest that as a mobilising agent for activism 'the environment' is in decline, as environmental issues become 'routinised' and ensconced in mainstream political culture.1

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32

Clarke, Patrick, and R. Julian Hafner. "Telepsychiatry in South Australia." Australasian Psychiatry 5, no. 3 (1997): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569709082109.

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South Australia has a population of about 1.5 million, of whom one million live in Adelaide, the state capital. All except one of the state's 160 practising psychiatrists live in Adelaide or adjacent rural and semi-rural locations. Historically, professional and geographical isolation and lack of facilities have prevented psychiatrists from living and working outside the metropolitan environment.

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33

Rhind, S. G., and J. S. Bradley. "The effect of drought on body size, growth and abundance of wild brush-tailed phascogales (Phascogale tapoatafa) in south-western Australia." Wildlife Research 29, no. 3 (2002): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01014.

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Body size and growth data were gathered on 387 wild brush-tailed phascogales captured between 1992–1997 in south-western Australia. This marsupial has not previously been studied in Western Australia. Compared with Victorian phascogales, those in the south-west (single region) are typically 20–30% smaller in mass, smaller in skeletal measurements, and sexual size dimorphism is less. Habitat quality was correlated with body size and the largest phascogales were found in swamp/gully systems. These findings suggest food is a normally limiting resource for this species in the south-west environment. Additionally, a significant decrease in growth and size occurred during a drought year (1994), and growth of young seemed restricted during dependency. Maternal mortality appeared high during late lactation as orphaned, unweaned young were encountered in nest boxes. In 1995 adult males were 25% less in mass than usual; females 15% less. Population decline followed and by 1996 capture rates were 1/3 of that typically found for the time of year. Recovery was not apparent until two years after drought (early 1997). In this food-limited environment phascogale populations appear particularly vulnerable to annual fluctuations in rainfall.

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34

Wang, Erpeng, Mingyuan Ji, Lingyu Wang, Yuefeng Wu, and Zeyu Shi. "The Role of Country Image on Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Imported Beefsteak in China." Foods 13, no. 6 (2024): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13060938.

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In recent years, the world has experienced conflict. When political conflicts affect consumers’ emotions and alter their perceptions of a country’s image, it can influence their preferences. This study deconstructs the notion of a country image into multiple dimensions and examines their impact on consumers’ willingness to pay for imported beef from Australia, Brazil, and the United States. Using a rank-ordered probit model and data from a survey of 935 respondents, results show that consumers’ perceptions of a country’s friendliness, economy, environment, and quality all have a positive and statistically significant effect on their willingness to pay for beefsteak imported from that country. Among these dimensions of the country image, the quality is the most important, followed by the economy, friendliness, and the environment. This study also finds heterogeneity in consumer perception of friendliness towards the United States, Australia, and Brazil. This study provides valuable insights for assessing the real losses resulting from a deteriorating international environment and suggests policies to enhance competitiveness in the food market.

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White, Ben, and Lindy Willmott. "Future of assisted dying reform in Australia." Australian Health Review 42, no. 6 (2018): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18199.

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The Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Vic) will come into force in June 2019, becoming the first law in Australia in 20 years to permit voluntary assisted dying (VAD). This paper considers how other Australian states and territories are likely to respond to this development. It analyses three key factors that suggest that law reform is likely to occur in other parts of Australia: (1) the growing international trend to permit VAD; (2) social science evidence about how VAD regimes operate; and (3) changes to the local political environment. The paper argues that these three factors, coupled with the effect of Victoria changing its law, suggest that other VAD law reform is likely to occur in Australia. It also considers the different types of laws that may be adopted, including whether other states and territories will follow the very conservative Victorian approach or adopt more liberal models. What is known about the topic? Despite sustained law reform efforts in parliaments across the country, Victoria is the first Australian jurisdiction to pass a law permitting VAD in 20 years. What does this paper add? This paper addresses likely future trends in VAD law reform in Australia. Drawing on international developments, a growing body of social science evidence about how VAD regimes work in practice, and evidence about a changing local political environment, the paper argues that other states and territories in Australia will also enact laws about VAD. What are the implications for practitioners? The legalisation of VAD has significant implications for health professionals, health administrators and health systems. Understanding how reform may occur and what legal models may be considered supports participation in the law reform process and preparation for likely change.

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Storlie, E., E. N. Yang, Y. C. Zou, et al. "Effect of the puroindoline locus and environment on Chinese fresh noodle texture." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 5 (2006): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05248.

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Grain produced from doubled-haploid (DH) wheat lines, developed from a hard- and a soft-grained wheat cultivar, were bulked according to Pinb (puroindoline b) genotypes for an assessment of Chinese fresh noodle texture by a trained taste panel. Each DH line was designated as ‘soft’ or ‘hard’ grained, based on a PCR amplification of the wildtype, soft allele, or the mutant, hard allele. Theoretically, the soft and hard grain bulks represented respective Pinb alleles and an independent assortment of unlinked alleles from the parents, Sunco and Chuanyu 12. Grains from the parents and DH lines were grown at 2 locations in Queensland, Australia, and one in Sichuan, China. The grains were milled and processed for a taste panel evaluation in Chengdu, Sichuan. Results suggest the Pinb alleles had a significant effect on noodle softness and explained 30% of the variation; the ‘soft’ Pinb allele conferred a softer noodle texture. Location had a significant effect on noodle smoothness; wheat grain grown at Biloela, Queensland, produced a smoother noodle texture than grain grown in Sichuan. The effect of location confirms the importance of environment as a variable for this quality character. This investigation exemplifies the utility of Pinb markers for specifically altering Chinese Fresh Noodle texture.

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CAPUTI, NICOLAVITO, and RHYS S. BROWN. "The effect of environment on puerulus settlement of the western rock lobster (PanuUrus cygnus) in Western Australia." Fisheries Oceanography 2, no. 1 (1993): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.1993.tb00007.x.

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BROWN, PETER R., ANTHONY D. ARTHUR, DEAN A. JONES, and MICAH J. DAVIES. "Effect of additional food and water on house mice in a semi-arid agricultural environment in Australia." Austral Ecology 33, no. 1 (2008): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01794.x.

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Dunin, F. X., C. J. Smith, and O. T. Denmead. "Hydrological change: reaping prosperity and pain in Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 1 (2007): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-77-2007.

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Abstract. The adage: “There is no such thing as a free lunch”, is relevant to land-use hydrology in Australia. Changes in land use to achieve greater productivity of food and fibre may have an adverse effect on the water balance and hence on the natural resource capital of a catchment. An altered regime of catchment outflow accompanies those land-use changes which, together with land degradation, impairs available water resources in quantity and quality and threatens enterprise sustainability, notwithstanding the initial improvement in productivity. Central to any hydrological change is an altered pattern of seasonal and annual water use by vegetation that has become modified in function with an amended transpiration fraction of daily evapotranspiration. In Australia, since measurement of evapotranspiration became feasible, the hydrological consequences of changes in land use have been determined, allowing the benefits in terms of plant productivity achieved through enhanced water use efficiency to be weighed against changed catchment outflows, diminished in either quantity or quality. Four case studies are presented as examples of ecological and hydrological changes: two deal with the upland forest environment and two with arable lowlands. In an upland eucalypt forest, following wildfire with subsequent regeneration from natural seedling establishment, substantial reduction in water yield occurred throughout a 50-year period of succession in the even-aged stand. In comparison, the effect of converting eucalypt forest to pine plantations was less detrimental to the yield of water from the catchments, with substantial growth increases over 30 years. In the lowlands, agricultural productivity, both as annual pasture and as crop, far exceeds that of natural perennial grassland and woodland. This increase in productivity comes not so much from any change to the yield of total water outflow but at the expense of water quality, compromised with increased material transport in suspension and solution resulting from accelerated erosion in association with outbreaks of soil salinity and acidity. The present study is aimed at optimising management to give plant production outcomes that ensure environmental protection through resource conservation. In the uplands, harvesting of water is the dominant consideration so that conservative management with limited plant productivity is sought. In the lowlands, the objective is to devise novel ecosystems with profitable plant production that exercises due control on outflow in maintaining the chemical and physical integrity of the edaphic environment.

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Kelly, Danial. "Natural Resources Law in Australia: Principles and Practices." Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2019): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jlj.1.2.155-176.

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What is the jurisprudential approach taken to Natural Resources Law in Australia? The ultimate source of law in Australia is Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act however the Constitution does not specifically include an environment or natural resources power and the Commonwealth government can only make laws under the heads of power provided by the Constitution. This paper considers how natural resources law has developed as environmental protection law, especially the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act. Also discussed is the approach taken by the Northern Territory of Australia in relation to natural resources law. The discussion unearths the developing jurisprudence in Australian natural resources law that seems to increasingly favour environmental protection over human development.

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Smith, David W. "Arboviruses." Microbiology Australia 39, no. 2 (2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma18018.

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Arboviruses are established as important causes of human and animal disease within Australia, as well as being high on the list of important emerging and exotic risk to Australia. They have been an integral part of the Australian ecological environment and evolved with it, adapting to our environment, to our arthropods, to our birds and to our mammals.

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DCD, L. P. Zann, and P. Kailola. "The State of the Marine Environment Report for Australia." Colonial Waterbirds 20, no. 3 (1997): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1521636.

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Shearman, David J. C., and William M. Castleden. "Doctors for the Environment Australia: achievements and lessons learned." Medical Journal of Australia 201, no. 11 (2014): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja14.01352.

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Dowling, Ross K. "Tourism Planning, People and the Environment in Western Australia." Journal of Travel Research 31, no. 4 (1993): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728759303100408.

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McAllister, Ian, and Donley T. Studlar. "TRENDS IN PUBLIC OPINION ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN AUSTRALIA." International Journal of Public Opinion Research 5, no. 4 (1993): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/5.4.353.

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TODD, JH. "Adaptation to environment—the Pasteur anthrax vaccine in Australia." Australian Veterinary Journal 69, no. 12 (1992): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1992.tb09913.x.

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Bridgewater, Peter. "Environment Protection Regimes in Australia Management Principles and Practices." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 5, sup1 (1998): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.1998.10648428.

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Hoy, Wendy, Paul Vanbuynder, John D. Mathews, David J. Pugsley, and Zhiqiang Wang. "Renal disease and the environment: lessons from Aboriginal Australia*." Nephrology 6, no. 1 (2001): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1797.2001.00028.x.

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Thomas, Ian, Ruth Lane, Leonardo Ribon‐Tobon, and Charley May. "Careers in the environment in Australia: surveying environmental jobs." Environmental Education Research 13, no. 1 (2007): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504620601122814.

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Wyrwoll, Karl-Heinz, Joseph Courtney, and Peter Sandercock. "The climatic environment of the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia." Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 60, no. 1 (2000): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18195/issn.0313-122x.61.2000.013-027.

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