Academic literature on the topic 'Effect of radioactive pollution on'

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Journal articles on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

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Dunster, H. J. "Radioactive pollution." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 92, no. 1-2 (1987): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700000957x.

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SynopsisThe meaning to be assigned to “pollution” is discussed and an account given of the “natural” sources of radiation. The effects of radiation on human populations are described. The artificial sources of radiation in the environment associated with energy productions are reviewed. Particular attention is given to the effects of the discharge of radioactive waste on radiation exposures in the neighbourhood of nuclear establishments. This is followed by a consideration of nuclear accidents and the public reaction to them. Radioactive pollution and the necessary organisation for its control are discussed with particular attention being paid to the present position in the United Kingdom.
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Mehrabova, Matanat. "Detectors in Barrier Structures of Metal-Lamellar Semiconductors." Key Engineering Materials 446 (July 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.446.1.

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Recently peaceful use of the nuclear energy and radioactive nuclides has increased the radiation pollution factor in the world and radiation safety problems have become actual ones. The development of the nuclear power engineering, protection and processing of radioactive wastes of nuclear reactors, the use of radioactive isotopes in national economy, nuclear explosion, industrial wastes and etc. may cause the radioactive pollution of the environment. In the case of such pollution the environment as well as living organisms are exposed to radioactive radiation (a-, b-, γ- etc.). Radioactive substances emit radioactive rays and as their decay time varies for natural and artificial radioactive substances the time of their environmental effect ranges from some years to million years.
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Kavach, Rakesh, Kiran Baderia, and Alok Goyal. ""INCREASING SCOPE OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION"." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3246.

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Environmental pollution is an occasional problem in which the difficulties of life for the bio-world including humans are increasing. Due to the qualitative degradation of the environmental elements, the natural properties of life-like elements such as air, water, soil, vegetation, etc. are getting diminished due to which the relationship between nature and organisms is deteriorating. It is well known that environmental pollution is a product of modernity. Although the phenomenon of pollution has been occurring even in ancient times, but nature was able to prevent it, due to which its outbreak was not as fierce as it is today. As the amount of pollution has exceeded the limits of nature today, its effect has started reaching near the crisis point. Environmental elements like water and air are losing their natural quality due to environmental pollution, the vegetation is getting destroyed, the nature of the weather is changing and human is getting trapped in the clutches of various diseases. It is detrimental to the bio-world, as it is oriented in the path of environmental degradation to ecological degradation. Scientists believe that if the same momentum of pollution continues for the next 50 years, a catastrophe can come. The Western Industrial Revolution has made man insensitive to such an extent that he is cutting the branch on which he is sitting. Some scientists of the developed countries have been forced to say that the progressive nations of the west are exporting pollution to poor developing countries.According to the National Environmental Research Institute, pollutants causing harmful changes in the natural environment are released from matter and energy releases in the form of wastes resulting from human activities. Pollutants that pollute the environment are placed in two groups on the basis of origin. Can be (a) natural pollutant and (b) man-made pollutant. पर्यावरण प्रदूषण एक ऐसी सामयिक समस्या है जिसमें मानव सहित जैव जगत् के लिए जीवन की कठिनाईयाँ बढ़ती जा रही हैं। पर्यावरण के तत्त्वों में गुणात्मक ह्रास के कारण जीवनदायी तत्त्व यथा वायु, जल, मृदा, वनस्पति आदि के नैसर्गिक गुण ह्रसमान होते जा रहे हैं जिससे प्रकृति और जीवों का आपसी सम्बन्ध बिगड़ता जा रहा है। यह सर्वज्ञात है कि पर्यावरण प्रदूषण आधुनिकता की देन है। वैसे प्रदूषण की घटना प्राचीनकाल में भी होती रही है लेकिन प्रकृति इसका निवारण करने में सक्षम थी, जिससे इसका प्रकोप उतना भयंकर नहीं था, जितना आज है। चूँकि आज प्रदूषण की मात्रा प्रकृति की सहनसीमा को लाँघ गई है फलतः इसका प्रभाव संकट बिन्दु के समीप पहुँचने लगा है। पर्यावरण प्रदूषण से जल और वायु जैसे जीवनदायी तत्त्व अपनी नैसर्गिक गुणवत्ता खोते जा रहे हैं, वनस्पतियाँ विनष्ट होती जा रही हैं, मौसम का स्वभाव बदल रहा है और मानव विविध बीमारियों के चंगुल में फँसता जा रहा है। यह जैव जगत् के लिए अपषकुन है, क्योंकि पर्यावरण ह्रास से पारिस्थितिकी विनाष के राह में उन्मुख है। वैज्ञानिकों का मानना है कि अगले 50 वर्षों तक यदि प्रदूषण की यही गति बनी रही तो महाप्रलय आ सकता है। पष्चिमी औद्योगिक क्रान्ति ने मनुष्य को इस हद तक संवेदनहीन बना दिया है कि वह जिस डाल पर बैठा है उसी को काट रहा है। विकसित देषों के कुछ वैज्ञानिक यह कहने के लिए बाध्य हुए हैं कि पष्चिम के प्रगतिषील राष्ट्र, प्रदूषण का निर्यात गरीब विकासषील देषों में कर रहे हैं।राष्ट्रीय पर्यावरण शोध संस्थान के अनुसार मनुष्य के क्रिया-कलापों से उत्पन्न अपषिष्टों के रूप में पदार्थ एवं उर्जा विमोचन से प्राकृतिक पर्यावरण में होने वाले हानिकारक परिवर्तनों को प्रदूषण कहा जाता है।पर्यावरण को प्रदूषित करने वाले प्रदूषकों को उत्पत्ति के आधार पर दो समूहों मेें रखा जा सकता है- (क) प्राकृतिक प्रदूषक तथा (ख) मानव निर्मित प्रदूषक।
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Filonik, I. A., and M. P. Dyachenko. "Biochemical test-systems in estimation of radioactive pollution effect on plants." Toxicology Letters 95 (July 1998): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(98)80241-5.

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RZABAY, Aktoty, Bolat SERIYEV, Erbol BEISOV, Gulnurа KOPBASSAROVA, and Damira KURMANBAYEVA. "Environmental and Legal Regulation of Radioactive Pollution Management." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 13, no. 3 (June 3, 2022): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.3(59).03.

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The article conducts research in the field of radioactive contamination as a problem of natural and man-made emergencies, as a result of which the victims, the preservation of a steady trend of growth in the scale of man-made disasters and the severity of their consequences, are considered as a serious threat to the security of society and the environment, as well as the stability of the development of the ecology of the country. At the same time, the problems of large industrial zones are associated with the concentration of not only potential sources of major radioactive contamination and disasters, but also other environmental industries that are sources of sustainable man-made effects of radiation and chemical factors on the population and the environment. The article discusses the authors' solution to the problems of preventing cases of radioactive contamination, minimising risks and minimising their consequences. The issues of environmental pollution and its impact on public health are considered, and solutions are proposed taking into account the regional characteristics of territories based on a unified methodological approach to assessing the consequences of man-made impacts. Management decisions to prevent cases of radioactive contamination and mitigate their consequences were made in the areas of comprehensive study of sources of pollution and threats of a natural nature, international legal acts on the state of the environment and the circulation of radioactive danger to the life and health of the population, methods for assessing the impact of radioactive and other pollution on the environment and the safety of the population in large industrial regions.
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Pan, Xunhai, Xiaoyan Lin, Hao Zhang, Lili Liang, Chunxia Pang, Kai Gu, Yang Hu, and Hailing Xi. "Rheological and radioactive decontamination properties of ethyl cellulose sols in green solvents at a temperature below 0 °C." RSC Advances 14, no. 6 (2024): 3659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra06641j.

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Trysnyuk, Vasyl M., Viktor O. Shumeyko, Taras V. Trysnyuk, and Vasyl M. Marushchak. "Monitoring of radioactive pollution of the site and elimination of the consequences of natural and technogenic disasters." Environmental safety and natural resources 42, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2022.2.35-46.

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The article proposes an urgent task to increase the level of environmental safety of radioactively contaminated areas. The main tasks are to develop new methods of environmental monitoring; study of migration processes of radioactive elements in the soil cover in order to develop predictive models for timely identification of areas at risk of contamination; establishing the relationships between the state of soil contamination by radionuclides and their genesis and identifying patterns of pollutant distribution in the study environment. The urgency of the topic is due to the requirements of advanced automated systems for monitoring the radiation situation and ACS to reduce the processing time of data on radioactive contamination of the area and increase the reliability of the results of radiation detection. The aim of the work is to separate the tasks that are allocated in the development of a unified system of methods and algorithms for processing information about radioactive contamination in automated radiation monitoring systems, dangerous in terms of radiation. The paper formulates the problem of eliminating the consequences of natural and man-made disasters in Ukraine. The analysis of problems of management of technogenic safety where the emergency situation is fixed is carried out. A formal description of the studied system and its environment is obtained, based on the principles of the systems approach. The classification of sources of emergencies based on the causes, different types of objects of damage depending on the nature of behavior in extreme conditions, different types of protection resources that implement the necessary protective measures. The direct and inverse problems of finding the optimal plan are considered. The selection of objects for a direct task is carried out in order according to their priority. When solving the inverse problem, the selection of objects is carried out until the specified level of system effect, which accumulates in the selection process. Information on sources of radioactive contamination and meteorological information are used in forecasting.
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Osmanlioglu, Ahmet Erdal. "Utilization of coal fly ash in solidification of liquid radioactive waste from research reactor." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 32, no. 5 (March 17, 2014): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x14523664.

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In this study, the potential utilization of fly ash was investigated as an additive in solidification process of radioactive waste sludge from research reactor. Coal formations include various percentages of natural radioactive elements; therefore, coal fly ash includes various levels of radioactivity. For this reason, fly ashes have to be evaluated for potential environmental implications in case of further usage in any construction material. But for use in solidification of radioactive sludge, the radiological effects of fly ash are in the range of radioactive waste management limits. The results show that fly ash has a strong fixing capacity for radioactive isotopes. Specimens with addition of 5–15% fly ash to concrete was observed to be sufficient to achieve the target compressive strength of 20 MPa required for near-surface disposal. An optimum mixture comprising 15% fly ash, 35% cement, and 50% radioactive waste sludge could provide the solidification required for long-term storage and disposal. The codisposal of radioactive fly ash with radioactive sludge by solidification decreases the usage of cement in solidification process. By this method, radioactive fly ash can become a valuable additive instead of industrial waste. This study supports the utilization of fly ash in industry and the solidification of radioactive waste in the nuclear industry.
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Nikitina, O. "Environmental evaluation of nuclide pollution rate of podzolized chernozem after long land use." Agrobìologìâ, no. 1(163) (May 25, 2021): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2021-163-1-217-222.

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At present, the development of agriculture is impossible without the use of fertilizers which provide increased soil fertility and yields as well as improve the quality of agricultural products. However, it can lead to signifcant changes in the composition, properties and formation of arable soil regimes. First of all, the negative influence of fertilizer materials on the environment is related to their chemical composition and presence of ballast substances. The maximum permissible concentrations of chemical elements in the soil must be taken into account under applying fertilizer materials for each crop. The research was conducted under the conditions of a long stationary feld experiment using different levels of mineral fertilizers of N 45P45K45, N90P90K90 and N135P135K135. . The research results reveal that different doses of mineral fertilizers have an effect on the change of the specifc activity of radioactive isotopes in the soil (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs, 90Sr) in their long-running application (50 years). The specifc activity of radionuclides in podzolized chernozem and in winter wheat grain was established. Winter wheat plants accumulated 232Th most of all but the use of fertilizers reduced it due to biological dilution in larger mass of the crop. The absorption of radioactive nuclides by winter wheat grain after cultivation after peas and silage corn depended on fertilization varied similar to that of the clover predecessor. According to the specifc activity of radioactive nuclides in the soil and winter wheat grain, the coefcient of their biological absorption is calculated. Absorption of radionuclides by soil prevents them from moving through the profle and further penetration into groundwater. Thus, their specifc activity was two times lower at the depth of 40–60 cm than in the soil layer of 0–20 cm. This indicates that radioisotopes are fxed in the upper layers of the soil which in turn increases their entry into crop production. Key words: radioactive isotopes, radium, thorium, potassium, cesium, strontium, specifc activity of radioactive nuclides.
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Sidorov, V. V., E. N. Mingazova, A. Yu Bushmanov, M. M. Yusupova, and R. N. Mingazov. "THE ISSUE OF THE IMPACT OF RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON PUBLIC HEALTH AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR RADIATION EXPOSURE AS A GLOBAL PROBLEM." Problems of Social Hygiene, Public Health and History of Medicine 30, no. 5 (December 15, 2022): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32687/0869-866x-2022-30-5-771-775.

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The widespread use in today's world of radioactive sources d in energy, medicine, engineering and construction, for contaminant tracking and food sterilization increases the likelihood of accidental exposure. The use of ionizing radiation and radioactive elements can directly or indirectly cause life-threatening complications, such as oncopathology, radiation burns, and impaired immunity. Pollution of the environment with radioactive elements and depletion of the ozone layer also contribute to an increase in the level of radiation exposure. To protect the health of the population living in contaminated areas and consuming locally produced products, it is necessary to organize a system for monitoring radioactive damage, as well as special anti-radiation protective measures in the field of agriculture and forestry, hunting and fishing, and providing the population with food.The purpose of the study is to analyze modern scientific data on the effect of ionizing radiation on reproductive function and modern approaches aimed at correcting its violations.Bibliographic, information-analytical methods and methods of comparative analysis were used.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

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Dale, Paul Geoffrey. "The effect of applying potassium as a countermeasure against radiocaesium in organic soils." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12226.

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Following the Chernobyl accident in 1986, a range of countermeasures has been developed to reduce the transfer of 137Cs from soil to plant and from the plant into grazing animals. One such countermeasure is the application of potassium to the soil. However, little is known of any side-effects such an application may have on the ecosystem, the longevity of the application and the effectiveness in a range of soil types. An application of potash (KCl) was made to four organic upland soils in Cumbria. England at two application rates of 100 and 200 kg K ha-1 in June 1997 and at a single site in June 1998. Following application. a range of parameters within the ecosystem were recorded, through the collection of monthly samples of sail, vegetation and water samples over a period of fifteen months. The results indicate that the application was effective for at least one year following application, that a lag phase existed between potash application and any effect within each ecosystem and that the duration of this phase was site specific. The results also showed that the countermeasure was effective at all sites and there was little apparent difference between the two application rates. The parameters measured which included soil pH, plant biomass, changes in Cu, K, Mg, Mn and Ca concentrations within the soil and vegetation indicated only a relatively small effect of the application on the ecosystem as a whole. The application can be considered as a viable option for reducing the transfer of 137Cs from soil to plant. The study also shows that the effectiveness of the application is dependent on the measurement used. i.e. concentration ratios, Tag values or a total flux approach. It is argued that the flux approach is the most appropriate basis for comparing the effectiveness of potash as a countermeasure between several sites.
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Burnfield, Daniel L. "An advanced system for quantifying the effects of radiological releases following a major nuclear accident." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020420/.

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Echevarria, Guillaume. "Contribution à la prévision des transferts sol-plante des radionucléides." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL116N.

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Les calculs de sureté des stockages de déchets radioactifs nécessitent de connaitre le comportement d'un grand nombre de radionucléides dans les systèmes sol-plante cultivés. De plus, ils doivent intégrer les variations à long terme du climat et leur influence sur ces comportements. Afin de préciser les mécanismes et de prévoir les transferts sol-plante des radionucléides, trois éléments, représentant des comportements très contrastés, ont été choisis: 63Ni, élément fréquent dans les sols et de mobilité moyenne, 99Tc, élément artificiel et de grande mobilité et 94Nb, peu présent dans les sols et de très faible mobilité. Une céréale (blé d'hiver) et deux espèces fourragères (ray-grass anglais et trèfle violet) ont été cultivées en présence des radionucléides sur des sols développés sur des roches mères calcaires à différentes altitudes (bassin parisien et jura) en faisant varier les conditions de température. Pour 63Ni, il est démontré que la plante prélève l'élément dans le pool des ions Ni isotopiquement échangeables. La caractérisation de la mobilité comme de la biodisponibilité du radionucléide peut donc se faire par la méthode des cinétiques d'échange isotopique. Les facteurs de transfert (FT) sont inversement proportionnels à la taille du pool de nickel isotopiquement échangeable du sol. Les résultats confirment la très forte mobilité de 99Tc dans le système sol-plante par l'identité de comportement entre 99TcO4- et NO-3. Les FT atteignent 450 selon l'espèce, l'organe, le rendement et le niveau de fertilité azotée. Enfin, Nb n'est pas retrouvé dans la plante, en relation avec sa forte affinité pour la phase solide des sols (Kd élevés). L’effet général du refroidissement du climat est une diminution du transfert sol-plante des trois modèles de radionucléides. Il a été possible de modéliser l'absorption des radionucléides par les plantes (modèle uptake) à partir de la caractérisation de leur fraction assimilable dans le sol par la méthodologie définie dans ce travail. L’outil de modélisation permet de déterminer les facteurs du comportement des radionucléides responsables du transfert vers la plante. Il autorise aussi, par la mise en œuvre de techniques rapides, la quantification systématique du transfert sol-plante des radionucléides
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Fraysse, Benoit. "Caractérisation de mollusques dulçaquicoles en tant que bioindicateurs de radiocontamination dans un contexte de multipollution métallique (Cd, Zn)." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12379.

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La problématique dans laquelle s'insère ce travail de recherche est l'étude des bioindicateurs de radiocontamination des milieux aquatiques continentaux, dans un contexte de multipolution métallique. Les métaux, tels que le cadmium (CD) et le zinc (zn), sont présents dans un nombre croissant d'hydrosystèmes, à des concentrations susceptibles d'induire des effets physiologiques. Cette exposition chronique aux métaux génére des perturbations métaboliques et comportementales des individus, et peut induire l'activation de mécanismes de détoxication. Le principal objectif de recherche à été d'estimer les conséquences de la présence de ces métaux sur la bioaccumulation de radionucléides (57Co, 110m Ag, 134 Cs) par deux espèces de bivalves (Corbicula fluminea et dreissena polymorpha), en terme de niveau de contamination, de cinétique de transfert et de distribution tissulaire des radionucléides. Du fait du caractère exploratoire de cette étude, deux thèmes ont été développés : (i) la vérification in situ de la pertinence de la problématique, et (ii) l'analyse des mécanismes d'interaction métal/ radionucléide en conditions controlées et standardisées (laboratoire). Pour les différentes conditions expérimentales étudiées (laboratoire et terrain), nous avons montré que la pré ence de métaux dans le milieu perturbe la bioaccumulation des radionucléides par des bivalves d'eau douce, notamment par une réduction du niveau de contamination des organismes par les radionucléides, une réduction de leur vitesse d'accumulation et une augmentation de leurs vitesses d'élimination, et modifi cation de leur distribution tissulaire et cellulaire.
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Salih, Isam M. Musa. "Radon in natural waters : Analytical Methods; Correlation to Environmental Parameters; Radiation Dose Estimation; and GIS Applications." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk radiofysik, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5221.

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Investigations of radon in natural water and its relation to physical and chemical parameters are outlined in this thesis. In particular, a method for measuring 222Rn in water at low concentrations (~20 mBq.l-1) is described, followed by discussions concerning the design and its application to study both radon and parameters influencing radon levels in natural waters. A topic considered is the impact of fluoride and other aquatic parameters on radon in water. Moreover, variables such as uranium series radionuclides and stable elements in water, bedrock and sediment radioactivity and geology are investigated in two case studies. This was performed by employing radiometric-, chemical-, statistical- and GIS & geostatistical- analyses. The general water chemistry and presence of some elements such as fluoride was observed to influence radon levels in water. Health aspects of radon in drinking water are discussed based on radiation dose assessments. The radiation doses are compared with and added to doses incurred from ingestion of uranium, radium and polonium isotopes in drinking water and inhalation of radon in air in order to estimate total exposures for different age categories. The results may have a potential for future epidemiological studies.
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Perrier, Thomas. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du comportement biogéochimique de l'Américium-241 en conditions rhizosphériques simplifiées : application dans un sol agricole calcaire." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10058.

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Cette étude a recherché les processus biogéochimiques qui contrôlent la migration de l'241Am dans la rhizosphère de sols agricoles. Des tests de lixiviation ont été effectués sur des colonnes remplies d'un sol naturel calcaire remanié, artificiellement contaminé en Am, avec plusieurs solutions contenant du citrate et/ou du glucose pour simuler des exsudats racinaires. Les résultats montrent une remobilisation de l'Am contrastée : infime pour une solution en équilibre avec le sol ou contenant des concentrations d'exsudats de 10-4 M, faible lors d'un apport conséquent de glucose, mais 300 à 10000 fois plus importante en présence de citrate à >10-2 M avec ou sans glucose, en complexant l'Am libéré en solution après dissolution des phases porteuses. Du transport colloi͏̈dal d'Am significatif est systématiquement observé. La complexité et l'inter-connexion des processus est montrée et des pistes de modélisation sont discutées à l'aide d'une base de données thermodynamiques spécifique
Our research investigated the relevant biogeochemical processes controlling 241Am migration in the rhizosphere of agricultural soils. Lixiviation tests were performed on columns packed with calcareous soil artificially contaminated with Am, with various solutions containing citrate and/or glucose to simulate root exudates. Results show contrasted Am releases: minute for a solution in equilibrium with the soil or containing 10-4 M concentrations in exudates, small for important glucose supply, they were 300 to 10000 greater with citrate at >10-2 M with or without glucose, by complexing Am released in solution after the dissolution of carrier phases. Significant Am colloidal transport was also systematically observed. The complexity and inter-connectivity of the processes are pointed out and modelling directions are discussed on the basis of a specific thermodynamical database
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Smati, Abdenasser. "Contribution à l'étude des transferts de chaleur et de masse dans le matériau de remplissage d'un stockage de déchets haute activité." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066143.

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La connaissance des phénomènes d'hydratation du matériau de remplissage est essentielle pour une prédiction des transferts dans les barrières ouvragées des stockages de déchets radioactifs en milieu géologique. On a développé, dans le cas isotherme, une méthode thermique de mesure continue de l'humidité sur des échantillons d'argile compactée. Cette méthode a été utilisée pour déterminer le coefficient de diffusion et la perméabilité d'un matériau argileux non gonflant (kaolinite). Son application à la bentonite (smectite) demande des développements supplémentaires du fait de la complexité du comportement de ce matériau.
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Beaumont, Marie-Pier. "Utilisation d'un bio-indicateur pour le suivi des rejets radioactifs aqueux de la centrale nucléaire Gentilly-2." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27362/27362.pdf.

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Pour évaluer l’impact environnemental de rejets industriels, des bio-indicateurs sont fréquemment utilisés. Dans le cas des rejets radioactifs aqueux d’une centrale nucléaire, les moules pourraient être de bons bio-indicateurs en raison des grands volumes d’eau qu’elles filtrent. Dans le cadre de ce projet, l’espèce de moules Elliptio complanata a été choisie pour étudier les rejets radioactifs aqueux de la centrale nucléaire Gentilly-2. Puisque cette centrale est de type CANDU et qu’elle rejette principalement du tritium et du carbone-14 dans l’environnement, ce sont ces deux radionucléides qui ont fait l’objet du suivi dans les moules. Pour cette étude, des centaines de moules ont été placées dans le panache des rejets aqueux de la centrale. Deux systèmes ont été utilisés : des cages positionnées à faibles distances de la source du rejet et un aquarium installé au début du rejet. Les concentrations de tritium et de carbone-14 ont été mesurées dans les moules après leur exposition, grâce à différents traitements physiques et chimiques préalables aux dosages. Les résultats des analyses montrent que les moules ayant séjourné dans les eaux de rejet de la centrale sont peu affectées par le tritium et par le carbone-14.
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Jamil, M. "Inorganic anion-exchangers for the treatment of radioactive wastes." Thesis, University of Salford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240025.

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Shang, Zhaorong. "A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23768782.

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Books on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

1

A, Krivolut͡s︡kiĭ D., ed. Bioindications of chemical and radioactive pollution. Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1990.

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Kyōto Daigaku. Genshiro Jikkenjo. Senmon Kenkyūkai. "Kankyō hōshanō monitaringu to ikō kyodō kenkyū" Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo Senmon Kenkyūkai hōkokusho. Ōsaka-fu Sennan-gun Kumatori-chō: Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo, 2012.

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Bi︠a︡zrov, L. G. Lishaĭniki--indikatory radioaktivnogo zagri︠a︡znenii︠a︡: Lichens as indicators of radioactive contamination. Moskva: Tov-vo nauch. izd. KMK, 2005.

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Abramov, V. A. Ėkologo-radiometricheskiĭ monitoring I︠U︡zhnogo Primorʹi︠a︡. Vladivostok: Dalʹnauka, 2005.

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Kudi︠a︡sheva, A. G. Biologicheskie ėffekty radioaktivnogo zagri︠a︡znenii︠a︡ v populi︠a︡t︠s︡ii︠a︡kh myshevidnykh gryzunov. Ekaterinburg: URO RAN, 2004.

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Macdonald, C. R. Summary report of radionuclides and metals in selected wildlife in Canada. Pinawa, Man: Whiteshell Laboratories, 1997.

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I, Taskaev A., Popova O. N, and Frolova N. N, eds. Radioėkologicheskiĭ monitoring pririodnykh ėkosistem. Syktyvkar: Komi nauch. t͡s︡entr UrO Rossiĭskoĭ AN, 1993.

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Kyōto Daigaku. Genshiro Jikkenjo. Senmon Kenkyūkai. "Hito igai no seibutsu e no hōshasen eikyō" Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo Senmon Kenkyūkai hōkokusho. Ōsaka-fu Sennan-gun Kumatori-chō: Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo, 2011.

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Kozubov, Gennadiĭ Mikhaĭlovich. Radiobiologicheskie issledovanii͡a︡ khvoĭnykh v raĭone Chernobylʹskoĭ katastrofy (1986-2001 gg.). Moskva: IPT͡S︡ "Dizaĭn. Informat͡s︡ii͡a︡. Kartografii͡a︡", 2002.

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I, Parfenov V., I͡A︡kushev B. I, and Instytut ėksperymentalʹnaĭ bataniki im. V.F. Kuprėvicha., eds. Radioaktivnoe zagri͡a︡znenie rastitelʹnosti Belarusi: V svi͡a︡zi s avarieĭ na Chernobylʹskoĭ AĖS. Minsk: "Navuka i tėkhnika", 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

1

Nazarenko, P. I., R. V. Ryzhkova, V. N. Karaulov, P. V. Chakrov, S. N. Lukashenko, V. N. Glushchenko, A. Kalieva, et al. "On The Assessment of Environmental Effect of BN-350 Reactor Facility Over Operating Period." In Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution, 69–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0975-1_10.

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Ozyar, Enis. "Effects of Chernobyl Accident on Turkey." In Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution, 85–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0975-1_13.

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Halitligil, M. B., and A. Akin. "Nitrogen And Water Regime Effects On Corn Yields Determined By N-15 Methodology." In Environmental Protection Against Radioactive Pollution, 225–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0975-1_39.

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Kulesza, Wojciech, and Dariusz Doliński. "How Did We Forge a Bearable Reality in COVID-19? Biases in Social Comparative Judgments in a Time of Pervasive Threat." In Social Biases During Covid 19, 23–43. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34706-1_2.

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AbstractIn this chapter we present a very special form of social illusions: unrealistic pessimism (the expectation that negative events will happen to us in comparison to others who will be less affected by negative events like earthquakes or radioactive pollution). On that basis, we were interested in which illusions, which are associated with appearing in the moment of crisis, will appear during the eruption of the COVID-19 pandemic: that is, unrealistic optimism or pessimism (I perceive myself as less or more threatened than others) and the better-than-average effect.It turned out that unrealistic optimism was present from the very beginning and did not disappear even when our respondents were delivered clear data (e.g., number of casualties, the rapid growth of cases) showing that all societies around the world were in great danger.In this chapter we also present global studies showing how widespread this phenomenon is.Interestingly, in our studies the better-than-average effect was also present in many countries: respondents perceived themselves as more involved in actions preventing COVID-19 infection whilst others were less involved.
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Sahut, C., and J. C. Roux. "Radioactive Pollution." In Biotechnology for Waste Management and Site Restoration, 43–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1467-4_6.

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Kautsky, H. "Radioactive Substances." In Pollution of the North Sea, 390–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73709-1_21.

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Nies, Hartmut. "Pollution with Radioactive Substances." In Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, 413–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60156-4_21.

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Abdel-Sabour, Mamdoh F. "Decontamination of Radioactive-Contaminated Soils: Current Perspective." In Environmental Pollution, 387–408. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1914-9_17.

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Khurshid, Keezia, Feroz Ahmad Shah, and Arsha Surendran. "Radioactive Waste: Sources and Impact on Environment." In Aquatic Pollution, 273–78. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003503705-13.

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Bugai, D. A., A. S. Skalskiy, and S. P. Dzhepo. "Water Protection Measures for Radioactive Groundwater Contamination in the CEZ." In Environmental Pollution, 203–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5349-5_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

1

de Fouquet, Chantal, Yves Benoit, Claire Carpentier, and Bruno Fricaudet. "Uncertainties on the Extension of a Polluted Zone." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59198.

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Data collected during the sampling of polluted sites are mainly used - through an exploratory and variographic analysis, to characterize to characterize the concentration level and the spatial variability; - at fixed support, to estimate the concentrations in order to map the pollution. Kriging gives also the standard deviation of the estimation error, making it possible to delimit the zones in which the estimation is considered to lack in precision. If a proportional effect is present the map of error standard deviation has to be corrected to take into account the increase of spatial variability with the local concentration mean.
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Brennecke, Peter W. "Safety-Related Aspects due to the Chemotoxicity of Radioactive Waste to Be Disposed of." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1232.

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Abstract According to the German disposal concept, all radioactive waste has to be emplaced in a repository constructed and operated in deep geological formations. To get a more detailed insight into site-specific safety-related issues, it is meaningful to perform additional investigations into the radiotoxicity and chemotoxicity. Thus, an evaluation including the hazard potential of organic and inorganic substances being the major constituents of waste packages to be disposed of becomes possible. In addition, possible releases via the water path must be investigated and assessed with regard to the safety of a repository during the post-closure phase, i.e. the radiological long-term effects (radionuclide-specific radiation exposures) as well as the possible pollution of near-surface groundwater by organic and inorganic substances. The latter will particularly take into account the principle of concern of section 34 “Reinhaltung” (Keeping Pure) of the Wasserhaushaltsgesetz (WHG – Water Resources Management Act).
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Qin, Zhou, Li Jiwei, Dang Yu, and Ding Yang. "Research on Nickel-Plated Hydrogen-Absorption Device in Fuel Rod and Performance Testing." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67112.

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The hydrogen may be introduced into the fuel rod during the process of production and manufacture. During the operation in reactor, the irradiated fuel pellets also produce radioactive isotopes of hydrogen and tritium. Under the operating condition in pile, the hydrogen in fuel rod will enter the zirconium alloy cladding tube forming hydride, lead to the hydrogen brittleness of cladding tube, and severe cases can lead to the cladding tube broken. The radioactive tritium inside fuel rod has high activity, and it possibly goes through the cladding tube by diffusion penetration into the reactor coolant. With the reactor in waste water or steam waste emissions to the environment, such as lead to tritium radiation safety problems of environmental pollution. Thus, reduce the hydrogen source and tritium pressure in fuel rod, is the way to reduce the hydrogen absorption effect and the release of tritium to coolant. By conducting the Zr-4 alloy nickel-plated hydrogen-absorption device design research, through nickel plating process on the surface of Zr-4 alloy structure parts, eliminating the influence of the oxide film to maintain its excellent absorbing hydrogen isotope activity. During the design operating temperature conditions of fuel rods, the reaction of zirconium hydride has lower hydrogen balance pressure, while the gas cavity kept low pressure hydrogen isotope, can significantly reduce the hydrogen pickup of fuel rod zirconium alloy cladding tube and reduce the tritium permeation emissions by cladding tube. Through nickel-plated hydrogen-absorption device structure design, manufacture, performance testing, analysis and evaluation, demonstrates that the flat plate and cross nickel-plated hydrogen-absorption device can meet the expected effect.
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He, Ye, Dongsheng Zhou, Feng Liu, Xuefei Li, Xingdong Su, Jiawen Li, and Jie Zhan. "Study on the Influencing Factors of Oxidation Degradation for High Concentration Polyvinyl Alcohol Wastewater in Heterogeneous Fenton System." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-90445.

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Abstract Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a high molecular polymer, has good barrier property, acid or alkali resistance and degradability, which could be used as personal radiation protective equipment and pollution control articles in the nuclear industry, resulting in degradable radioactive technical wastes after use. The degradation treatment process of PVA degradable technology waste can realize validity separation of radionuclides and reduce the output of radioactive solid waste. In this study, MnxOy/γ-Al2O3, CuxOy/γ-Al2O3, FexOy/γ-Al2O3 and FexCuyMnzOw/γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles were prepared by the impregnation-calcination method, which were used as catalysts for the oxidative degradation of ultra-high concentration PVA organic waste solution, and the effects of initial pH of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosing, catalyst dosing and initial concentration of PVA solution on the degradation of PVA were analyzed. The results showed that the best overall degradability was achieved by using FexCuyMnzOw/γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles as catalysts with the initial reaction concentration of PVA at 1%, the initial pH of the solution at 3, the reaction temperature at 60 °C, the catalyst dosage at 0.5 g/L and the H2O2 dosage at 60 mL/L. At this time, the concentration decrease rate of PVA could reach more than 95 %, the viscosity average molecular weight of degradation products reached 1395, the molecular weight decrease rate reached 99 %, and the degradation products mainly included butanone, benzaldehyde, hexanal, acetic acid and other unsaturated small molecules. In addition, the mechanism of hydroxyl radical generation by nanoparticles catalyzing hydrogen peroxide was discussed, and the reaction pathway of oxidative degradation of PVA macromolecules by hydroxyl radicals was proposed, which provided a reference for volume reduction treatment of PVA degradable waste in nuclear industry.
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Liying, Jing, Shen Peijuan, Chen Qinghua, and Cui Guangzhao. "Design of radioactive iodine pollution detecting." In 2011 International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Control (ICECC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icecc.2011.6066736.

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de With, G. "CFD modelling of radioactive pollutants in a radiological laboratory." In AIR POLLUTION 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air090251.

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Bodmann, B. E. J., U. Rizza, D. Buske, M. T. Vilhena, and T. Tirabassi. "Analytical formulation for the radioactive contaminant released from nuclear power plants." In AIR POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air120021.

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Zhou, Zhiwei, Hong Xu, and Yongwei Yang. "Sustainable Development of China With Nuclear Energy System Beyond Generation-IV." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75884.

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Two aspects of the development trend of current nuclear fission technology are discussed. The first aspect is to improve economic competitiveness and safety for searching opportunity of enlarging the share of nuclear power. The second aspect is to explore new ways of improving the efficiency of nuclear fuel utilization and of reducing the geological repository volume of radioactive products from nuclear power generation. Sustainable development of Chinese economy in 21st century will mainly rely on sustainable supply of clean energy with indigenous natural resources. The burden of current coal-dominant energy mix and the environmental pollution due to energy consumptions has led nuclear power to be an indispensable choice for further expanding electricity generation capacity and for reducing greenhouse effect gases emission in China. The long-term sustainable development strategy with nuclear fission technology beyond generation-IV for electric power generation, namely the fusion-fission hybrid subcritical reactor technology, is discussed. The impact of the proposed fission-fusion hybrid reactor to future nuclear power generation technology will reply on the success of the ITER-scale (500MW fusion power) Tokamak to burn plasma continuously in the predictable future. The main challenges and prospects of the strategy are also analyzed. The preliminary analysis has shown that the fission in the subcritical blanket driven by fusion neutrons can effectively amplify the energy carried by fusion neutron and maintain breeding of fissile material and tritium. It has been found from the results of a conceptual design that this new type of fusion-fission hybrid reactor may meet the requirement of China’s long-term sustainable development of nuclear energy.
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Trincal, J. "Impact of atmospheric species reactivity on radioactive gaseous iodine transport in severe accident conditions." In AIR POLLUTION 2015, edited by L. Cantrel, F. Cousin, V. Fevre-Nollet, and P. Lebegue. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air150071.

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IPPOLITO, ROSARIA, LUIGI LEPORE, and ROMOLO REMETTI. "CONSIDERATIONS ON REDUCTION OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION FROM RADIOACTIVE EMISSIONS FROM BUILDING MATERIALS AND THE GROUND." In AIR POLLUTION 2017. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air170201.

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Reports on the topic "Effect of radioactive pollution on"

1

Levinson, Arik, and M. Scott Taylor. Unmasking the Pollution Haven Effect. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10629.

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Heissel, Jennifer, Claudia Persico, and David Simon. Does Pollution Drive Achievement? The Effect of Traffic Pollution on Academic Performance. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25489.

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Sigman, Hilary, and Howard Chang. The Effect of Allowing Pollution Offsets With Imperfect Enforcement. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16860.

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Deryugina, Tatyana, and Julian Reif. The Long-run Effect of Air Pollution on Survival. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w31858.

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Chen, Shuai, Paulina Oliva, and Peng Zhang. The Effect of Air Pollution on Migration: Evidence from China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24036.

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Bishop, Kelly, Jonathan Ketcham, and Nicolai Kuminoff. Hazed and Confused: The Effect of Air Pollution on Dementia. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24970.

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Carrillo, Paul, Andrea López, and Arun Malik. Pollution or Crime: The Effect of Driving Restrictions on Criminal Activity. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000495.

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Malik, Arun, Andrea López, and Paul E. Carrillo. Pollution or Crime: The Effect of Driving Restrictions on Criminal Activity. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011747.

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Driving restriction programs have been implemented in many cities around the world to alleviate pollution and congestion problems. Enforcement of such programs is costly and can potentially displace policing resources used for crime prevention and crime detection. Hence, driving restrictions may increase crime. To test this hypothesis, this paper exploits both temporal and spatial variation in the implementation of Quito, Ecuador's Pico y Placa program and evaluates its effect on crime. Both difference-in-difference and spatial regression discontinuity estimates provide credible evidence that driving restrictions can increase crime rates.
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Chang, Tom, Joshua Graff Zivin, Tal Gross, and Matthew Neidell. The Effect of Pollution on Worker Productivity: Evidence from Call-Center Workers in China. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22328.

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Heyes, Anthony, Matthew Neidell, and Soodeh Saberian. The Effect of Air Pollution on Investor Behavior: Evidence from the S&P 500. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22753.

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