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Mian, Aamer Jalil. "Size effect in micromachining." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/size-effect-in-micromachining(91bf7280-a937-4509-9c40-4ff2e36d26c6).html.
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The world is experiencing a growing demand for miniaturised products. Micro-milling, using carbide micro tools has the potential for direct, economical manufacture of micro parts from a wide range of workpiece materials. However, in previous studies several critical issues have been identified that preclude the direct application of macro machining knowledge in the micro domain through simple dimensional analysis. The research presented in this thesis focused on some of the areas that require development of the scientific knowledge base to enable determining improved microscale cutting performance. In the mechanical micro machining of coarse grained materials, the programmed undeformed chip thickness can be lower than the length scale of the workpiece grains. Moreover, when the microstructure of such materials is composed of more than one phase, the micro cutting process can be undertaken at a length scale where this heterogeneity has to be considered. Driven by this challenge, the material microstructure 'size effect' on micro-machinability of coarse grain steel materials was investigated in this PhD. In this regard, a predominantly single phase ferritic workpiece steel material and another workpiece material with near balanced ferrite/pearlite volume fractions was studied over a range of feedrates. The results suggested that for micro machined parts, differential elastic recovery between phases leads to higher surface roughness when the surface quality of micro machined multiphase phase material is compared to that of single phase material. On the other hand, for single phase predominantly ferritic materials, reducing burr size and tool wear are major challenges. In micro machining the so called 'size effect' has been identified as critical in defining the process performance. However, an extensive literature search had indicated that there was no clear reported evidence on the effect of process variables on driving this size effect phenomenon. It is often assumed in literature that the un-deformed chip thickness was the main factor driving the size effect. This limit manufactures to only altering the feedrate to try and influence size effect. To explore the significance of a range of inputs variables and specifically, cutting variables on the size effect, micro cutting tests were conducted on Inconel 718 nickel alloy. Taguchi methodology along with signal processing techniques were applied to micro milling acoustic emission signals to identify frequency/energy bands and hence size effect specific process mechanism. The dominant cutting parameters for size effect characteristics were determined by analysis of variance. These findings show that despite most literature focussing on chip thickness as the dominant parameter on size effect, the cutting velocity is a dominant factor on size effect related process performance. This suggests that manipulating the cutting speed can also be a very effective strategy in optimising surface finish in micro machining and in breaking the lower limit of micro machining.In micro machining the lower limit of the process window is set by the minimum chip thickness. Identifying this limit is thus important for establishing the process window. Process windows are valuable guidelines for industrial selection of cutting conditions. Additionally, understanding factors that influence the value of minimum chip thickness is even more important for progressing micro machining capability to the nano-scale machining regime. For this reason, in this PhD study, acoustic emission signatures emanating from microscale milling of six different workpiece materials were characterised to identify the rubbing mode and this enabled the identification of the threshold conditions for occurrence of minimum chip thickness. The minimum chip thickness predicted by this novel approach compares reasonably well to the values that exist in published literature. Additionally, the decomposition of raw acoustic signal allowed the determination of energy levels corresponding to deformation mechanisms. The PhD work provides significant and new knowledge on the utility and importance of acoustic emission signals in characterising chip formation in micro machining. A novel method for determining the minimum chip thickness was developed, micro machining chip formation mechanisms were identified and the machinability of coarse grained multiphase material is presented.
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Uusi-Heikkilae, Silva. "Body size, reproduction and size-selective harvesting." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16577.
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Die Körpergröße ist von großer Bedeutung für die Fitness vieler Tiere, weil sie positiv mit Überleben und Reproduktionserfolg korreliert ist. Große Rogner vieler Fischarten sind fruchtbarer und produzieren Nachkommen von höherer Qualität verglichen mit kleineren Weibchen. Auch für Milchner einiger Fischarten wurde ein Einfluss der Körpergröße auf frühe Lebensstadien nachgewiesen. Der größenabhängige paternale Effekt verglichen mit maternalen Effekten ist weniger gut untersucht. Das Verständnis der Variation im Reproduktionserfolg als Funktion der Körpergröße der Laicher ist wichtig, weil die Fischerei die Durchschnittsgröße des Laicherbestands reduziert. In vorliegender Dissertation wurden in Laborversuchen an Zebrafischen (Danio rerio) größenabhängige paternale und maternale Effekte auf den Reproduktionserfolg und die Auswirkungen größenselektiver Entnahme auf Körperlänge, Reifung und Reproduktionserfolg untersucht. Die Köperlänge und Kondition waren wichtige Determinanten der Reifung bei Zebrafischen. Größere Rogner zeigten höheren Reproduktionserfolg als kleinere Fische und ein signifikanter Einfluss der Milchnerkörperlänge auf die frühen Lebensstadien ihrer Nachkommen wurde dokumentiert. Längere Männchen wurden von Rognern auch bei der Paarung bevorzugt. Die größenabhängigen maternalen und paternalen Effekte waren ausschlaggebend für den erhöhten Reproduktionserfolg von Zebrafischlaichbeständen, die, verglichen mit kleinen Laichern, aus großen oder zufällig zusammengesetzten Individuen zusammengesetzt waren. Die größenselektive Entnahme führte zu phänotypischen und genetischen Veränderungen, die nach Einstellung der experimentellen Befischung persistierten. Das deutet an, dass die durch die Fischerei ausgelöste Evolution schwierig umkehrbar sein könnte. Die Köpergröße ist von überragender Bedeutung in der Reproduktionsbiologie des Zebrafisches und der Schutz großer Laichfische kann wichtig für den Erhalt der Reproduktionskapazität von befischten Beständen sein.Body size is a fundamentally important trait for fitness in many animal species because it correlates positively with survival and reproductive success. In many fish species, large females exhibit higher fecundity and produce higher quality offspring compared to small females. Similarly, male body size can affect offspring quality and early life-history traits but the importance of these effects to the reproductive biology of fish is poorly studied. The extent to which variation in reproductive success is explained by parental body size is an important research topic because size-selective fishing usually reduces the average size of reproducing adults in a population. In my dissertation, I studied the parental size effects on reproductive success in a model species (zebrafish, Danio rerio). I also studied the effects of size-selective harvesting on body size, maturation and reproductive output. Body size and condition factor were important determinants of the initiation of maturation in zebrafish. Large females were found to have higher reproductive success compared to small females and a significant effect of male body size on early life-history traits was documented. I found that large males were also favored by the females resulting to differential allocation of reproductive resources toward large males. The maternal- and paternal-size effects ultimately led to elevated reproductive success of experimental spawning stocks consisting of large or random-sized individuals compared to spawning stocks consisting of small individuals. Size-selective harvesting induced rapid phenotypic and genetic changes, which persisted after selection was halted. This suggests that fishing-induced changes might be hard to reverse. My results emphasize the importance of body size to the reproductive biology of zebrafish and suggest that protecting large fish might be important to maintain the reproductive potential of exploited fish stocks.
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Lindh, Johan. "Common language effect size : A valuable step towards a more comprehensible presentation of statistical information?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-166438.
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To help address the knowledge gap between science and practice this study explores the possible positive benefits of using a more pedagogical effect size estimate when presenting statistical relationships. Traditional presentation has shown limitations with major downsides being that scientific findings are misinterpreted or misunderstood even by professionals. This study explores the possible effects of the non-traditional effect size estimate Common Language Effect Size (CLES) on different training outcomes for HR professionals. This study also explores the possible effect of cognitive system preference on training outcomes. Results show no overall effect of CLES on either training outcomes or cognitive system. A positive effect of CLES on training outcome is found at the subfactor level showing a significant effect. The results can be interpreted that non-traditional effect size estimates have a limited effect on training outcomes. This small but valuable piece to bridge the gap of knowledge is discussed.
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Choi, Jae Sung. "Size Effect in the Cryptocurrency Market." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1927.
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This paper shows the existence of the size effect in the cryptocurrency market. The size effect is a market phenomenon observed in the stock market in which smaller assets outperform larger assets. Recent literature has revealed the size effect in other financial markets as well. In order to explain the size effect, this paper proposes a general quantitative theory that supports its existence in any financial markets under specific conditions. Furthermore, the paper tests for the size effect in the cryptocurrency market using daily price data from April 2013 to April 2018. The paper finds a statistically significant size effect across the cryptocurrency market during the sample period. In the process, we test a profitable pair-trading strategy that involves opening a short position on the higher rank (larger assets) and opening a long position on the lower rank (smaller assets) of the cryptocurrency market. Based on our findings, we discuss the implications on modern finance, specifically on the subjects of Efficient Market Hypothesis and asset pricing models.
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Moracz, Kelle. "Comprehension and Interpretation of Common Language Effect Size Displays." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1573756511230833.
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Baldassari, Mattia. "Fracture Energy and Size effect in Concrete." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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A testing campaign was conducted to investigate fracture behavior in very large size specimen. After three chapters of theoretical background, on LEFM, nonlinear fracture mechanics, size effect on quasi-brittle material, a new three point bending horizontal set-up was developed, recent using of damage correlation techniques and its usage was then investigated in the determination of the softening parameters.
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Suk, Yongsoon. "Insider trading, size effect, and seasonal anomalies." Connect to resource, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262108164.
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Backer-Meurke, Fredrik. "Finite-size effect in CoAlZr/AlZr multilayers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Materialfysik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355721.
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The structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Cox(Al80Zr20)1-x multilayers with varying thicknesses of the magnetic bilayers have been investigated. The reduction of the thickness causes a reduction of the critical temperature, Tc, this is known as the finite-size effect. The multilayers were grown using DC magnetron sputtering, co-sputtering was used with cobalt and an Al80Zr20 alloy target to create an amorphous CoAlZr alloy. The total thickness of the multilayers was chosen to be held constant at 60 nm and the Al80Zr20 spacing layers were thick enough to suppress any interlayer exchange coupling effects. Estimating the composition using RBS proved difficult with great uncertainties in the measured amount of aluminium in the samples. The amorphousness of the samples was investigated using GIXRD and all measured samples display x-ray amorphousness. Fits of XRR measurements showed that the bilayers displayed a rather large roughness, the origin of this roughness is unknown. MOKE measurements showed that the CoAlZr alloys exhibit a noncollinear spin structure at magnetic bilayer thicknesses of 6 nm and below. The samples’ noncollinear spin structure lead to the loss of remanence. Attempts at measuring the critical temperature with DC measurements using the remanence at zero field were therefore unsuccessful. AC susceptibility with SQUID should allow an accurate measurement of the critical temperature.
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Cengizoglu, Gonca. "Effect of Firm Size on Female Earnings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500428/.
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There are various factors effecting females' wage level such as marital status, occupation, education, and experience. This paper also includes firm size and answers the questions: What effect does firm size have on female earnings? Is that effect different for black than white females?
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He, Bin. "Drainage effect on machinery size and cost." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1202233841.
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Li, Yuan. "General size effect in the Hall-Petch effect and in micromechanical deformation." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/25904.
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This thesis is a study of the size effect. Improvements on both theoretical work and experimental design are involved in this thesis. The theoretical section focuses on the grain size effect, while the experimental section is related to the micro-foil bending test. Both classic experimental data and theories for the Hall-Petch relationship are reviewed comprehensively. The fitting of the datasets show that the inverse square-root dependence and simple inverse expressions are equally good. The fully Bayesian analysis strongly suggests that the latter is correct. Since the physical mechanism underlying the simple inverse dependence is a general size effect, the precise description of the Hall-Petch effect is that it is a manifestation of the general size effect, instead of having its own special character. Improvements on the classic Stolken and Evans' micro-foil bending experiments are also carried out in this thesis. The smart design of the new equipment eliminates the big risk of error in the classic experiment. By using the new device, precise datasets from the elastic region through the yield point and to high plastic strain area can be obtained. The initial results correspond well with the old published data.
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Walk, Anne. "The effect of visual manipulations on body size judgments /." View online, 2009. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131559242.pdf.
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Wilson, Hugh David Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "The Firm Size Effect: An Application of Hierarchy Theories." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Economics, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32642.
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In this thesis the positive relationship between firm size and wages is investigated through the application of hierarchy theories. Many different explanations have been proposed for this relationship, but have met only limited success at best. The strongest finding to date is that unobserved ability is a significant factor. The question of interest here is ???why do wages increase as the size firm increases???? Hierarchy theories take a different approach towards the analysis of firms in comparison to the alternate theories which have dominated previous investigations. As a result of their focus on the organisational relationships within a firm???s internal structure, hierarchy theories offer certain insights to the size-wage relationship which to date have been unnoticed. An empirical investigation into the size-wage differential incorporating structural considerations into an augmented wage equation offers strong support for the propositions of hierarchy theories. I find that half of the firm size effect for workers can be explained by controlling for some aspects of management structure, and that span of control has a discontinuous effect on wages. These results are completely consistent with the existing findings on unobserved ability and have the added attraction of providing economic as well as statistical explanatory power.
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Djerf, Martin, and August Lundgren. "Size and Seasonality : Using Enterprise Value and the January effect to Investigate the Size effect on the Swedish stock market 2000-2019." Thesis, Jönköping University, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49432.
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In 1981, Banz discovered evidence suggesting that small-cap firms outperform large-cap firms when considering risk-adjusted returns. Banz (1981), called this the “size effect” and raised concerns regarding the ability of current asset pricing models to set accurate prices for assets. This resulted in new models being developed, such as the Fama and French three-factor model which takes the size of a company into consideration (Fama & French, 1992). However, since the discovering of the size effect, several researchers have started to question its existence. (Asgharian & Hansson, 2008) Moreover, short after Banz findings, a study by Keim (1983) introduced results that complements the size effect. Keims study suggests that the size effect is present due to the fact that small-cap firms outperform large- cap firms during the month of January. This seasonal anomaly is called the “January effect” and could possibly be the reason for the existence of the size effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate if there is a size effect and/or a January effect present on the Swedish stock market (OMX) when using Enterprise Value as the measure for size. Enterprise Value has been chosen in order to consider the full capital structure of companies, hence, not solely the equity value. In order to answer these research questions, a quantitative study has been conducted on companies being listen on the OMX during the time period 2000-2019. The findings of the research are that there is no size effect present on the OMX. Furthermore, the research has found that there is a January effect present on the OMX. This paper suggests that the January effect might have been the reason for the presence of the size effect in history, but as of now, the size effect has diminished but the January effect still remains.
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Leung, Pak Kin. "Size effect in micro and nano bubble actuators /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202006%20LEUNG.
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Mohns, Curtis Andrew. "Effect of particle size on coal flotation kinetics." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22364.pdf.
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Abdelraheem, S. K. "The quantum size effect in wedge-shaped films." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373088.
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Baker, Jeffrey A. (Jeffrey Arthur). "Effect of override size on forecast value add." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117920.
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Thesis: M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Supply Chain Management Program, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 65-68).
Business forecasting frequently combines quantitative time series techniques with qualitative expert opinion overrides to create a final consensus forecast. The objective of these overrides is to reduce forecast error, which enables safety stock reduction, customer service improvement, and manufacturing schedule stability. However, these overrides often fail to improve final forecast accuracy. Process mis-steps include small adjustments, adjustments to accurate statistical forecasts, and adjustments to match financial goals. At best, these overrides waste scare forecasting resources; at worst, they seriously impact business performance. This report offers a framework for identifying overrides that are likely to improve forecast accuracy. A new class of metrics, Dispersion-Scaled Overrides, was developed as an input to the framework. Other inputs included statistical forecast accuracy and auto-correlation. Classification techniques were used to identify whether an override was likely to create forecast value add. These techniques were found to be approximately 80% accurate in predicting success. This result suggests that using Dispersion-Scaled Overrides alongside common forecast accuracy metrics can reliably predict forecast value add. In turn, this can maximize the value that experts add to the business forecasting process.
by Jeffrey A. Baker.
M. Eng. in Supply Chain Management
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Koetting, Lauren. "Effect size guidelines for single-subject research designs." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10134004.
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Current research uses effect size guidelines to determine if there is a small, medium, or large effect for group design interventions. A best practice methodology and guidelines for determining the effect size of an intensive intervention in a single-subject design have not been established. The present study identifies cut score guidelines for single-subject research designs to determine if the intervention had a small, medium, or large effect. This study examines the distribution of effect size, using the Percentage of Non-Overlapping Data (PNOD) and Cohen’s d, for a large sample of intensive academic interventions. In addition, differences in distribution for varying environmental settings (e.g., clinic-based and school-based) and targeted skill areas (e.g., math, reading, and writing) are examined. This information will assist interventionists in selecting interventions, determining if an intervention is working, and if changes to an intervention should be considered.
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Coe, Robert, and Soto César Merino. "Effect Size: A guide for researchers and users." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2003. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100341.
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The present article describes a method to quantify the magnitude of the differences between two measures and/or the degree of the effect of a variable about criteria, and it is named likethe effect size measure, d. Use it use in research and applied contexts provides a quitedescriptive complementary information, improving the interpretation of the results obtained bythe traditional methods that emphasize the statistical significance. Severa) forms there are of interpreting the d, and an example taken of an experimental research, is presented to clarify the concepts and necessary calculations. This method is not robust to sorne conditions that they candistort its interpretation, for example, the non normality of the data; alternative methods are mentioned to the statistical d. We ending with sorne conclusions that will notice about the appropriate use of it.El presente artículo describe un método para cuantificar la magnitud de las diferencias entredos mediciones y/o el grado del efecto de una variable sobre un criterio, y es llamado lamedida de la magnitud del efecto, de su uso en contextos de investigación y aplicados proporciona un información complementaria bastante descriptiva, mejorando la interpretaciónde los resultados obtenidos por los métodos tradicionales que enfatizan la significación estadística. Existen varias formas de interpretar el estadístico d, y se presenta un ejemplo,tomado de una investigación experimental, para aclarar los conceptos y cálculos necesarios.Este método no es robusto a ciertas condiciones que pueden distorsionar su interpretación, por ejemplo, la no normalidad de los datos entre otros; se mencionan métodos alternativos alestadístico d. Finalizamos con unas conclusiones que advierten sobre su apropiado uso.
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Mahon, Mary L. "The effect of electrode size on electrodermal measurement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26557.
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The effect of the size of electrode contact area on skin conductance (SC) measures has not been clearly resolved. On the basis of the anatomical structure and current electrodermal models of the skin, it is expected that the relationship between SC and the size of electrode contact area will be linear such that increases in contact area will produce corresponding increases in SC. This hypothesis was not supported in the most recent study investigating this relationship (Mitchell & Venables, 1981). However, methodological problems existed with this study which may have contributed to these counterintuitive results. The present study reexamined this relationship while exerting careful experimental control.
Forty-eight, right-handed male subjects were randomly assigned to six groups of eight subjects each. Six pairs of electrodes with different size contact areas were placed on six locations on the hands. A' 6 (group) X 6 (size of electrode) latin square design was used, with location of electrode placement as the latinized variable. Each group had the electrodes placed on one of six possible location-size combinations. The latinized variable, location of electrode placement, was further broken down in a 2 (hand) X 3 (area on hand) factorial arrangement.
Dependent measures were tonic SC level, and the phasic SC amplitude, latency, rise time, and recovery half-time of responses elicited by a series of loud tones, half-time. Differences in tonic and phasic reactivity at the different electrode placement locations were also examined. The results indicated a significant linear relationship between size of electrode and both tonic and phasic activity. Latency measures were not affected by electrode size; however, rise time and recovery half-time were. No differences in reactivity were found between the right and left hands. Differences were found, however, among the three locations on the hands for both tonic and phasic activity. The observed linear relationship between electrode size and SC supports current popular models of electrodermal activity and has implications for the comparison of results from studies in which different electrode sizes are used.Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Gadkari, Parag. "EFFECT OF ANNEALING ON COPPER THIN FILMS:THE CLASSICAL SIZE EFFECT AND AGGLOMERATION." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2937.
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With continued shrinking of CMOS technology to reduce the gate delay times, an increase in the resistivity of the metal corresponding to the wire dimension is a concern. This phenomenon of increase in resistivity with decreasing dimension of the thin metallic film or interconnect is known as the "classical size effect". Various theories have been postulated to explain the phenomenon of classical size effect; these theories can be broadly classified as resistivity due to scattering arising from surface and grain boundaries. The total resistivity of metals depends on the electron scattering due to impurities, phonons, surfaces, grain boundaries, and other crystal defects. Managing the size effect in a practical and manufacturing way is of major concern to the microelectronics industry. Since each of the processes (phonon, surface and grain boundary scattering) adds to the resistivity and are interrelated, it further complicates managing the size effect. However, these effects have been separately studied. In this work, the effect of annealing on the classical size effect in Cu thin films deposited on SiO2 substrate is investigated. Polycrystalline Cu thin films having thicknesses in the range of 10nm to 200nm were ultra high vacuum sputter deposited on thermally grown SiO2 surfaces. The films were annealed at temperatures in the range of 150°C to 800°C in argon and argon+3% hydrogen gases. The un-annealed Cu thin films exhibit higher resistivity than the annealed films. The resistivities of un-annealed films were in good agreement with Mayadas and Shatzkes model. When annealed the films undergoes grain growth resulting in lowering the resistivities by about 20%-30% thereby confirming the role of grain size on resistivity of the film. However, there is a limit to annealing, i.e. agglomeration phenomenon. Agglomeration is a thermally activated process resulting in a reduction of the free energy of the film–substrate system and can occur well below the melting point of the material by surface and interfacial diffusion. The reduction of film-substrate interfacial energy, film-surface interfacial energy and stresses within the film are possible driving forces for agglomeration. This work also includes the study of agglomeration phenomenon. The agglomeration behavior of Cu is investigated and compared with that of Ru, Au and Pt thin films with thicknesses in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm UHV deposited on thermally grown SiO2 substrate. The films were annealed at temperatures in the range of 150°C to 800°C in argon and argon+3% hydrogen gases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the agglomeration behavior, and transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of the as-deposited and annealed films. The agglomeration sequence in all the films is found to follow a two step process of void nucleation and void growth. However, void growth in Au and Pt thin films is different from Cu and Ru thin films. Residual stress and adhesion were observed to play important part in deciding the mode of void growth in Au and Pt thin films. Lastly, it is also observed that the tendency for agglomeration can be reduced by encapsulating the metal film with an oxide overlayer, which in turn improves the resistivity of the thin film due to prolonged grain growth without film breakup.M.S.E.E.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Stafford, Mehary T. "Effect Size Reporting and Interpreting Practices in Published Higher Education Journal Articles." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862849/.
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Data-driven decision making is an integral part of higher education and it needs to be rooted in strong methodological and statistical practices. Key practices include the use and interpretation of effect sizes as well as a correct understanding of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). Therefore, effect size reporting and interpreting practices in higher education journal articles represent an important area of inquiry. This study examined effect size reporting and interpretation practices of published quantitative studies in three core higher education journals: Journal of Higher Education, Review of Higher Education, and Research in Higher Education. The review covered a three-year publication period between 2013 and 2015. Over the three-year span, a total of 249 articles were published by the three journals. The number of articles published across the three years did not vary appreciably. The majority of studies employed quantitative methods (71.1%), about a quarter of them used qualitative methods (25.7%), and the remaining 3.2% used mixed methods. Seventy-three studies were removed from further analysis because they did not feature any quantitative analyses. The remaining 176 quantitative articles represented the sample pool. Overall, 52.8% of the 176 studies in the final analysis reported effect size measures as part of their major findings. Of the 93 articles reporting effect sizes, 91.4% of them interpreted effect sizes for their major findings. The majority of studies that interpreted effect sizes also provided a minimal level of interpretation (60.2% of the 91.4%). Additionally, 26.9% of articles provided average effect size interpretation, and the remaining 4.3% of studies provided strong interpretation and discussed their findings in light of previous studies in their field.
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Kubilay, Ceylan. "Effect Of Tih2 Particle Size On Foaming Of Aluminium." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606897/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
A study is carried out on the production of aluminum foams via powder processing. The study deals mainly with the effect of TiH2 particle size on the process of foaming. Mainly two TiH2 particle sizes were usednamely 27,5 &
#61549
m and 8,5 &
#61549
m. Foaming experiments were carried out at temperatures between 675oC &ndash
840oC. The viscosity of the system is adjusted by controlled addition of Al2O3. The study shows that choice of foaming agent size is influential in the foaming process. With the use of fine foaming agent, temperatures in excess of 800oC would be required for successful foaming. The study further showed that the relation between foaming and viscosity was also dependent on the particle size. Viscosity of 2.3 mPa.s was found to be a limiting value for successful foaming with fine foaming agent. This value appears to increase with increasing particle size. An analysis is presented with regard to temperature dependence of foaming which takes into account the effect of particle size.
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Ghannoum, Wassim M. "Size effect on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21295.
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Given the great discord concerning the mechanisms that govern shear failure, the shear behaviour of concrete beam elements with no transverse reinforcement is investigated. The variables introduced in the experimental program are member depth, amount of longitudinal steel reinforcement and concrete strength. The effects of these variables on the shear stress at failure of the concrete are investigated. Two geometrically similar series of beams of different concrete strengths are compared. Beam heights in each of the series range from 90 mm to 960 mm and all the beams have a constant a/d ratio of 2.5.Results show a strong "size-effect" in the behaviour of concrete beam or one-way slab elements subjected to shear, where deeper members have smaller shear stresses at failure than shallower ones. Increasing the amount of flexural reinforcement increases the shear stress at failure while increasing the concrete compressive strength has little or no effect on the diagonal shear resistance of concrete.
The ACI Code equations for shear are found to be unconservative for large elements while the CSA Standard simplified shear design method yields conservative predictions within the range of beams tested. For the beams tested, with an a/d ratio of 2.5, the combination of the modified compression field theory and a strut-and-tie analysis provides more accurate predictions.
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Gudahl, Kelley M. "Effect of model size on female adolescents' body image." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014703.
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Keung, Lok Hang. "Experimental investigation of size effect in nanoindentation on epoxy /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202006%20KEUNG.
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Tozser, Oliver. "Shear analysis using shear friction, size effect and prestressing." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38645.pdf.
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Ghannoum, Wassim M. "Size effect on shear strength of reinforced concrete beams." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0028/MQ50610.pdf.
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Mui, Yin-chau, and 苗燕洲. "Effect of probe tip size on transient otoacoustic emissions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30473561.
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Chong, Chi Ming. "Experimental investigation and modeling of size effect in elasticity /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202002%20CHONG.
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Marsh, Wallace Arvie. "Calculating the mean effect size for hypertension clinical trials /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Kareer, Anna. "Nano-scratch hardness and the Lateral Size Effect (LSE)." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31844.
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Nano-scratch testing has been used throughout this thesis in order to deepen the understanding of the processes occurring during the nano-scratch test, and to develop a method for calculating the nano-scratch hardness, from the quantifiable variables that are obtainable from the technique. Scratch testing on the macro scale is a well-established technique, however when reducing the scale of a mechanical test, whilst interest is focussed on the yield strength or hardness of the material, plasticity size effects must be explored. A literature survey concludes that size effects in nano-scratch testing have not been investigated in the past, thus this is the main subject of this thesis. In order to carry out this investigation a number of methods were trialled to calculate the nano-scratch hardness of pure, polycrystalline, oxygen free copper using both the edge forward and the face forward tip orientations of a diamond Berkovich indenter. The results obtained were compared to the indentation hardness and the most theoretically suitable method was adopted for later experiments carried out in this work; the technique for obtaining measurements was optimised, such that a genuine lateral size effect (LSE), whereby the nano-scratch hardness increases with decreasing scratch size, was observed. To further investigate the lateral size effect, nano-scratches were performed on a sample of single crystal copper in different work hardened states. It was observed that the nano-scratch hardness not only increases with decreasing scratch size, but also increases when the spacing between the dislocations in the material is reduced; when the level of work hardening in the sample increases, the density of dislocations increases, thus the spacing between these obstacles is reduced. In addition to this, the anisotropy of the nano-scratch hardness was investigated by altering the scratch direction in the (100) plane of the single crystal copper. It was found that the nano-scratch hardness is anisotropic and that the scratch hardness is largest when the scratch direction is parallel to the slip plane. It is known that the yield strength of a material increases with decreasing average grain size and therefore the effect of grain size on the nano-scratch hardness was considered. By reducing the grain size of pure, annealed, oxygen free copper, the nano-scratch hardness was observed to increase. In all experiments, the nano-scratch hardness values of scratches performed in the face forward tip orientation were larger than that of scratches performed in the edge forward tip orientation, when scratching the same sample condition. This suggests that scratch hardness is tip geometry dependent and in order to develop a method of calculating a tip orientation-independent scratch hardness, the shape of the indenter and the plastic flow of material around the indenter in that orientation, must be known and incorporated into the calculation, possibly as a drag coefficient. In addition to the geometry of the plastic flow, and therefore the plastic zone size, it was found that the nano-scratch hardness is also governed by the interaction between the geometry of the indenter and the grain boundaries in the material. Finally a number of experimental issues from the nano-scratch test are highlighted and researchers are encouraged to consider these precautions when using the nano-scratch test.
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Zeynali, Mohammad Ebrahim. "Effect of catalyst pore size on styrene production rate." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-186454.
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In this study the diffusion coefficients for reaction components were determined for unimodal and bimodal pore size distribution and assuming transitional diffusion regime using a more realistic, Stewart-Johnson, method. It was found that determination of diffusion coefficient using the average pore size results in underestimated values. A comparison was made between the effects of
unimodal and bimodal pore size distribution on diffusion coefficients. The governing differential equation for a single pellet for styrene production was solved by orthogonal collocation method. The effectiveness factor which is a key parameter in reactor design was determined for the reaction in practical range of pore size. It was found that the production rate and effectiveness factor are sensitive to pore size and pore size distribution and with certain pore size distribution a considerable improvement in production rate can be achieved.
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Zeynali, Mohammad Ebrahim. "Effect of catalyst pore size on styrene production rate." Diffusion fundamentals 13 (2010) 2, S. 1-18, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13861.
Full textAbstract:
In this study the diffusion coefficients for reaction components were determined for unimodal and bimodal pore size distribution and assuming transitional diffusion regime using a more realistic, Stewart-Johnson, method. It was found that determination of diffusion coefficient using the average pore size results in underestimated values. A comparison was made between the effects of
unimodal and bimodal pore size distribution on diffusion coefficients. The governing differential equation for a single pellet for styrene production was solved by orthogonal collocation method. The effectiveness factor which is a key parameter in reactor design was determined for the reaction in practical range of pore size. It was found that the production rate and effectiveness factor are sensitive to pore size and pore size distribution and with certain pore size distribution a considerable improvement in production rate can be achieved.
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Smith, Brandon M., and L. Lee Glenn. "Effect Size of Testimonials on Treatment Choice in PTSD." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7479.
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Excerpt: A recent study published in Workplace Health & Safety concluded, “Morbidity burden level is an indicator of work limitations in employees with diabetes and can be used to identify employees who may benefit from specialized services aimed at addressing their work limitations associated with diabetes” (Sylvia et al., 2012, p. 425). This conclusion is not warranted by the findings of the study because of limitations to both internal and external validity.
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Ichiki, Kazuya. "Study on Size Effect of Cluster Ion Beam Irradiation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157578.
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Sarvari, Reza. "Impact of size effects and anomalous skin effect on metallic wires as GSI interconnects." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31636.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Meindl, James D.; Committee Member: Davis, Jeffrey A.; Committee Member: Gaylord, Thomas K.; Committee Member: Hess, Dennis W.; Committee Member: Peterson, Andrew F. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Xiao, Bing. "Effet taille et cycles économiques : études empiriques sur le marché français des actions de 2000 à 2009." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF10386.
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Les petites sociétés génèreraient de meilleures performances en périodes économiquement favorables et leurs performances seraient plutôt médiocres en périodes économiquement défavorables. Nous avançons l‟hypothèse selon laquelle l‟effet taille n‟est manifeste que durant les périodes d'expansion économique. Notre étude empirique confirme cette hypothèse pour la période 2000-2009. Nous utilisons un modèle avec variables binaires pour estimer les alphas ainsi que trois indicateurs du cycle économique : l'indicateur composite avancé de l‟OCDE, l‟indice CAC 40 et l‟Euribor 1 moisIt would seem that small companies perform better in economically favourable times and give more mediocre performances in economically unfavourable times. We put forward the hypothesis that size effect only occurs during periods of economic expansion. Our empirical study confirms this hypothesis for the 2000-2009 period. We use a model with binary variables to estimate alphas as well as three economic cycle indicators: the OCDE composite leading indicator, the CAC 40 index and the 1 month Euribor rate
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Wang, Xudong. "Monte Carlo simulations of solid walled proportional counters with different site size for HZE radiation." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1135.
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Chang, Huang-Wei, and 張晃維. "Size effect of full-size reinforced lightweight concrete beam." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19391431809561708720.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
97
To date, most of research dealing with the behavior of the lightweight reinforced concrete specimens are focus on the laboratory size. It seems valid and necessary to engage on more studies of full size specimen tests, which will lead directly to the design work in practice. This research attempts to provide more information about the flexural and shearing behavior of reinforced lightweight concrete. The experimental program mainly observes the size effect of reinforced concrete beam. Three-point bending test was performed for identical beam with three different scales in dimension. The beams all designed with minimum reinforcement according for each cross section. The span-to-depth ratios of a/d=3.0, is adopted to investigate the mechanical behavior and size effect. The test results showed that for a given concrete mixture, the ductility in terms of the ratio of ultimate deflection to yielding deflection decreases with the increase of the scale of the specimen. From the specimen tests, the lightweight concrete behaves stronger ductility decay rather than that of normal concrete. From a dimensionless analysis, it was also observed that the ultimate deflection to span ratio decreases with the increase of the specimen scale, and the ratio for those lightweight concrete beams were greater than those normal concrete beams.
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Chen, Yen-Hung, and 陳彥宏. "Linear Model for Effect Size." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76244158132679358857.
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碩士中原大學
應用數學研究所
95
Effect size is widely used as a measure of the magnitude of mean in applied science. Emphasis on effect sizes is a rapidly rising tide as over 20 journals in various fields of research now require that authors reports provide estimates of effect size. For example, the American Psychological Association (APA) Task Force on Statistical Inference recently emphasized, "Always present effect size for primary outcomesdots. It helps to add brief comment that place these effect sizes in a practical and theoretical contextdots" (Wilkinson & APA Task Force on Statistical Inference, 1999, p.599). In this article, we make inference and calculate effect sizes in regression method using a ubiquitous definition, and develop the theoretical framework of linear model between effect size and independent variables. This article have three focal points: egin{enumerate} item unbiased estimation of effect sizes item UMVUE for effect sizes item general linear hypothesis test for effect sizes. end{enumerate} We introduce this article pithily. Suppose that dependent variable $y$ is univariate normal distribution and effect size is $ oldsymbol{ eta'x}$. Using maximum likelihood method, we can find an estimator of effect size. As for the unbiased estimation of effect size, it can be obtained by taking expertation on the estimator of effect size. For obtaining UMVUE of effect size, it suffices to find an estimator of effect size which is a complete sufficient statistic and an unbiased estimator for effect size. Thus the estimator is a UMVUE for effect size according to Rao-Blackwell-Lehmann-Scheff$acute{ extrm{e}}$ theorem. In general linear hypothesis test, we define a test statistic and a confidence interval for effect size. At last, we illustrate these results of our study with real data.
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Chang, Yau Shie, and 張耀旭. "The size effect of PZT." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46034513830223446191.
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WENG, YIH SHUENN, and 翁義順. "Size Effect In CeAl2 Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40245475039290973633.
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碩士淡江大學
物理學系
88
Title of Thesis: Size Effexts In CeAl2 Nanoparticle Total Page : 67 keywords: CeAl2 , Nanoparticle Name of Institute: Graduate Institute of Physics Tamkang University Graduate date: June, 2000 Degree conferred: Master Student: YIH SHUENN WENG Advisor: Chin-Lin Chang 翁 義 順 張經霖 博士 Abstract This article is to study the quantum size effect and heavy-fermion behavior in CeAl2 nanoparticles. We studied electronic and magnetic properties of CeAl2 nanoparticles by specific heat and SQUID. In the CeAl2 bulk (γ=150mJ/mole-K2 ) ，we can has an antiferromagnetic peak (TN=3.8K) in the low temperature by specific heat. As the dimension of specimen decrease，the magnetic ground state in bulk CeAl2 is tun into a non-magnetic kondo state in CeAl2 nanoparticles. It is conjectured that the existing heavy-fermion behavior that is hindered by the magnetic order in bulk CeAl2 is entirely revealed after the long range RKKY interaction is suppressed in nanoparticles.
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Chou, Yi-Hsin, and 周怡忻. "Firm Size and Spillover Effect." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23286394002936232032.
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碩士銘傳大學
財務金融學系碩士在職專班
101
This paper uses spillover index to measure the spillover effect between the small-, medium-, and large-size firms in US stock market from January 1999 to January 2010. In contrast with previous study, we utilized a generalized vector autoregressive framework proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) in which forecast-error variance decompositions are invariant to the variable ordering. In addition, this paper includes the medium-size firms in our experiments to evaluate its importance in stock market. For the small-, medium-, and large-size firms, our empirical results support the inattention effect in stock market in that medium-size firm has the largest net spillover effects. Moreover, as for the large- and small-size firms, this study supports market-wide effects proposed by Francis et al. (2010). Specifically, the paper provides evidence that the large-size firms have a net spillover effect on small-size firms. By contrast, the small-size firms are more sensitive to market-wide information during the market downturns than other periods.
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JIAN, ZHE-AN, and 簡哲安. "Size effect of NdMn2O5 nanorods." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61476652639253812008.
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碩士中原大學
物理研究所
101
Six pure NdMn2O5 nanorod samples were fabricated by hydrothermal method. The size of six nanorod samples can be identified as 68(36) nm × 31(14) nm、73(35) nm × 32(12) nm、78(30) nm × 33(8) nm、95(36) nm × 40(12) nm、122(48) nm × 54(16) nm、249(46) nm × 142(36) nm. The orientation of all axial directions of all samples is parallel to c axis of the crystal. To labeled samples in short, the axial length are used and named the sample as
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Lin, Sin-Err, and 林幸娥. "Size Effect and January Effect of Mutual Fund." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47021010315958972609.
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MO, ZH-YU, and 莫智羽. "Size effect study of DyMn2O5 nanorods." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53899004961614738039.
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碩士中原大學
物理研究所
100
Two series of DyMn2O5 nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method in different time. They have different length by long axis with different annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction revealed the crystal structures are formed as orthorhombic Pbam phase for each sample. SAED results show that the long side of nanorods is parallel to c axis for all three samples. Magnetic ac susceptibility measurements were used to determinate magnetic properties. Curie-Weiss law is employed to analysis the ac magnetic susceptibility curves. It is found that Néel temperature is increased with increasing length. Antiferromagnetic peaks at around 38 and 43 K were only observed as length longer than 46 nm, which implied a critical length of magnetic ordering at around 50 nm.
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Tu, Hao-Wei, and 塗浩瑋. "Size effect on multiferroics LuMn2O5 nanorods." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11993388976154126665.
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碩士中原大學
物理研究所
101
Abstract Series of multiferroics LuMn2O5 nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method. Different sizes of nanorods were obtained by various annealing temperatures. X-ray diffraction, FE-TEM, and SAED techniques were employed to determine the crystal structure, composition, and purity. The SQUID was used to study magnetic properties. Varied temperature x-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were employed to analyze the interplay between structure and magnetic properties. The sizes of nanorods were first determinate by counting the axial and radial lengths in TEM images. The average axial and radial lengths were labeled in the format of length × width. Four sizes of nanorod, 66(22) nm×18(5) nm, 78(38) nm×22(9) nm, 102(44) nm×23(8) nm and 91(35) nm×20(7) nm were thus obtained. High resolution images and SAED patterns indicated that the c-axis is parallel to the axial direction in all samples. In the brief, the axial length of all samples was used to label and write as
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Huang, Zhong Ren, and 黃仲仁. "Finite-size effect on landau diamagnetism." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11871485165750508438.
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