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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Effectice dose

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Academic literature on the topic 'Effectice dose'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Effectice dose"

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MARUYAMA, Takashi, Kazuo IWAI, Kanae NISHIZAWA, Yutaka NODA, and Yoshikazu KUMAMOTO. "Organ or Tissue Doses, Effective Dose and Collective Effective Dose from X-Ray Diagnosis, in Japan." RADIOISOTOPES 45, no. 12 (1996): 761–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.45.12_761.

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Andersson, Martin, Lennart Johansson, Sören Mattsson, David Minarik, and Sigrid Leide-Svegborn. "ORGAN DOSES AND EFFECTIVE DOSE FOR FIVE PET RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 169, no. 1-4 (March 13, 2016): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncw033.

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Huda, Walter. "Computing Effective Doses from Dose-Length Product in CT." Radiology 248, no. 1 (July 2008): 321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2481080042.

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Martin, C. J. "Effective dose in medicine." Annals of the ICRP 49, no. 1_suppl (November 4, 2020): 126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146645320927849.

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The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) developed effective dose as a quantity related to risk for occupational and public exposure. There was a need for a similar dose quantity linked to risk for making everyday decisions relating to medical procedures. Coefficients were developed to enable the calculation of doses to organs and tissues, and effective doses for procedures in nuclear medicine and radiology during the 1980s and 1990s. Effective dose has provided a valuable tool that is now used in the establishment of guidelines for patient referral and justification of procedures, choice of appropriate imaging techniques, and providing dose data on potential exposure of volunteers for research studies, all of which require the benefits from the procedure to be weighed against the risks. However, the approximations made in the derivation of effective dose are often forgotten, and the uncertainties in calculations of risks are discussed. An ICRP report on protection dose quantities has been prepared that provides more information on the application of effective dose, and concludes that effective dose can be used as an approximate measure of possible risk. A discussion of the way in which it should be used is given here, with applications for which it is considered suitable. Approaches to the evaluation of risk and methods for conveying information on risk are also discussed.

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Kiljunen, T., A. Tietäväinen, T. Parviainen, A. Viitala, and M. Kortesniemi. "Organ doses and effective doses in pediatric radiography: Patient-dose survey in finland." Acta Radiologica 50, no. 1 (February 2009): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850802570561.

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Kulseng, Carl Petter Skaar, and Jon Christoffer Sandstrøm. "Effective doses to staff and dose rates emitted from patients undergoing positron emission tomography utilizing 18F- Fluorodeoxglucose." Radiography Open 2, no. 1 (November 30, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/radopen.1526.

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IntroductionThe purpose of this two--folded quantitative study was to determine the radiation doses received by staff during 2014 at the PET--department at St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim, Norway. Although studies show that the doses received by staff performing such examinations are far beneath the limits set by regulation, there was a need to determine how much radiation the staff at this clinic actually was exposed to. We investigated in detail both dose rates emitted by 18 F from different parts of the body to the surroundings along with effective doses to staff during 2014.MethodPart one - Dose rates from 20 patients undergoing FDG-PET/CT--scans were measured with dosimeter RadEye B20 (Thermo Scientific, USA) from five measuring points at three different stages of a standard whole body PET-scan utilizing 18 F-FDG.Part two - Effective doses to five radiographers and four bioengineers were registered daily during 2014. The effective dose measurements were done daily by the staff with personal dosimeter RadEye EPD MK2+ (Thermo Scientific, USA). The dosimeter was worn at chest level. The automatic injector Medrad Intego (Bayer, Germany) administrate the radioactive doses.ResultsPart one - Dose rates emitted from different parts of patients show significant differences. The highest dose rate was measured from the head and sternum of the patients. The knees emit the least dose rate of all body parts and was considerably lower from one meterdistance.Part two - The average effective doses were far below the recommended limits for occupational radiation. The total average effective dose per member of staff was 0.13 mSv in 2014 and the daily average dose was 4.91 μSv/day.ConclusionPart one - 18 F-FDG showed irregular distribution in the body, the lowest dose rates originated from the lower extremities and reflects the metabolism of glucose in the body at rest.Part two - We found significant differences between staff working with both CT and the radioisotope injection compared to the staff working solely with one of these tasks. Nevertheless, all effective- doses were safely within the guideline limits for occupational radiation.

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Taylor, David. "Establishing a dose–response relationship for haloperidol decanoate." Psychiatric Bulletin 29, no. 3 (March 2005): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.29.3.104.

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Aims and MethodThe aim of this literature analysis was to establish the range of doses of haloperidol decanoate effective in preventing relapse in schizophrenia. Studies reporting relapse rates in patients treated for longer than 6 months were included. Relapse rate was then plotted against dose or log dose to allow drawing of dose–response curves.ResultsFifteen publications reporting 13 individual studies were identified. of these, 6 studies met inclusion criteria and were analysed. Dose–response curves indicated limited effect at 25 mg/4 weeks but near maximal effect at doses of 50 mg/4 weeks. There was no clear evidence that increasing the dose above 100 mg/4 weeks provided additional benefit in preventing relapse.Clinical ImplicationsThe recommended dose range for haloperidol decanoate (50–300 mg/ 4 weeks) does not reflect the findings of this study. Optimally effective doses appear to be around 50–100 mg/4 weeks. The use of doses above 100 mg/4 weeks is difficult to support given data available.

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Tsai, H. Y., C. J. Tung, C. C. Yu, and Y. S. Tyan. "Survey of computed tomography scanners in Taiwan: Dose descriptors, dose guidance levels, and effective doses." Medical Physics 34, no. 4 (March 14, 2007): 1234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2712412.

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Opreanu, Razvan C., Ranji Samaraweera, and John P. Kepros. "Effective Dose to Dose-Length Product Coefficients for Calculation of CT Effective Dose." Radiology 252, no. 1 (July 2009): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2521090245.

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Gupta, M. M., and A. Nagaratnam. "Effective dose equivalent and effective dose for some selected radiopharmaceuticals." Journal of Radiological Protection 16, no. 4 (December 1996): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/16/4/005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Effectice dose"

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Li, Zezheng. "Estimating Minimum Effective Dose in Dose Response Studies." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/LiZ2009.pdf.

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Vu, Hung Thi Hong. "Testing the individual effective dose hypothesis." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1247508549/.

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Veinot, Kenneth Guy. "An angular dependent neutron effective-dose-equivalent dosimeter." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17595.

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Huang, Yangxin. "Interval estimation of effective doses and optimal designs for quantal response experiments." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313104.

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Koyama, Shuji, Takahiko Aoyama, Nobuhiro Oda, and Chiyo Yamauchi-Kawaura. "Radiation dose evaluation in tomosynthesis and C-arm cone-beam CT examinations with an anthropomorphic phantom." American Institute of Physics, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14184.

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Islam, Mohammad Mafijul. "Dose-Response Analysis for Time-Dependent Efficacy." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1467295354.

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Wang, Yinna. "Efficient Stepwise Procedures for Minimum Effective Dose Under Heteroscedasticity." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1339037272.

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Pritz, Jakub. "Biological Effective Dose (BED) Distribution Matching for Obtaining Brachytherapy Prescription Doses & Dosimetric Optimization for Hybrid Seed Brachytherapy." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3298.

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Radioactive seed implant brachytherapy is a common radiotherapy treatment method for prostate cancer. In current clinical practice, a seed consists of a single isotope, such as 125I or 103Pd. A seed containing a mixture of two isotopes has been proposed for prostate cancer treatment. This study investigates a method for defining a prescription dose for new seed compositions based on matching the biological equivalent dose (BED) of a reference plan. Ten prostate cancer cases previously treated using single isotope seeds (5 using 125I seeds and 5 using 103Pd seeds) were selected for this study. Verification of the method was done by calculating prescription doses for 103Pd and 125I seeds. A prescription dose for a 50/50 hybrid seed was calculated. Number and location of seeds remained invariant within each case. The BED distributions for hybrid and single isotope seed plans were generated and matched to the BED distribution generated off of the optimized plans. For the 125I isotopes, the dose necessary to cover 90% of the prostate with a BED of 110 Gy is 145 Gy. For the same BED coverage, the dose for 103Pd and 50/50 hybrid seed is 120 Gy and 137 Gy respectively. A method is introduced for obtaining prescription doses for new brachytherapy sources. The method was verified by obtaining doses for 125I and 103Pd isotopes which match clinical prescription doses. The method developed is robust enough to calculate prescription doses in any region of interest, for any seed type, and for any isotope as long as the BED coverage remains invariant with respect to the treatment plan. Numerical calculations were performed to derive analytical conversions of total dose to BED for 50/50, 75/25 and 25/75 hybrid seeds. These analytical conversions are faster than the original numerical methods employed allowing for real-time BED optimization for hybrid seeds. Varying seed distribution was seen not to influence the analytical conversions. It was observed that when total dose remained invariant while individual isotope contributions varied, the value of BED varied. The BED variance was seen to be the smaller at larger BED values (~2% at 100 Gy). Using the conversions derived in this paper, BED based optimization for hybrid seeds are now performable. However, these conversions should only be used in high dose regions due to high uncertainty in the low regime.

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Henriksson, Katja. "Strålskydd för nuklearmedicinsk personal som jobbar med Tc-99m: vikten av att använda blyförkläde, sprutskydd och distansverktyg." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25533.

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Inom nuklearmedicin exponeras personal dagligen för joniserande strålning. Det kan vara både i form av en öppen strålkälla vid uppdrag av radiofarmaka och vid bildtagning där personalen hjälper och ger stöd till patienten som blivit injicerad. Vid uppdrag av radiofarmaka används strålskydd i form av sprutskydd och distansverktyg medan blyförkläde används vid kontakt med patienter. Dessa skydd är till för att minska skador som kan uppstå vid exponering. Den svenska strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten (SSM) har föreskrivit dosgränser som inte får överskridas för att minska risken för skador. Teknetium-99m (99mTc) är den vanligaste radionukliden inom den nuklearmedicinska verksamheten. Syftet med denna studie var att kartlägga strålningsexponeringen för personal som jobbar med 99mTc och på så sätt visa behovet av olika typer av strålskydd för att reducera stråldosen. I denna studie utfördes fingerdosmätningar vid uppdrag av 99mTc med hjälp av termoluminiscenta dosimetrar som placerades på de tre mest utsatta fingrarna, digitus I-III, bilateralt. Mätningarna genomfördes vid uppdrag utan strålskydd, med en pincett och med fullt strålskydd (sprutskydd samt två pincetter). Studien innefattar även stråldosmätningar med och utan blyförkläde för myokardscintigrafi, skelettscintigrafi och lungscintigrafi. Dessa mätningar utfördes med en direktavläsande personal electronic dosimeter (PED) där den effektiva dosen registrerades. Resultaten för fingerdosmätningarna visar en signifikant skillnad i stråldos beroende på om och vilket strålskydd som används. Högst dos fick de som drog upp helt utan strålskydd och vänster långfinger fick den högsta ekvivalenta dosen. För stråldosmätningarna med och utan blyförkläde utfördes ett Mann-Whitney U-test som visade ett p-värde på <0,05 vilket tyder på att det finns en statistisk signifikant skillnad. Högst effektiv dos uppmättes vid lungscintigrafi för personal som inte använde blyförkläde.
Personnel working with radiopharmaceuticals in the nuclear medicine department are exposed to radiation on the daily basis. The source of radiation can both be open as in the withdrawal procedure and external as when the patient has been injected and ready for imaging. There are different types of radiation protection depending on which task that is performed. Syringe shielding and distance tools are used during the withdrawal and lead aprons are used when positioning the patient under the camera. The Swedish radiation safety authority (SSM) prescribe dose limits to reduce any risk of injury connected to radiation. These limits must not be exceeded. Technetium-99m (99mTc) is the most common radiopharmaceutical in the nuclear medicine department. The purpose of this study was to study the radiation exposure to personnel working with 99mTc and evaluate the need for radiation protection to reduce the radiation dose. This study includes measurement of the equivalent dose to the three most exposed fingers, digitus I-III bilateral, during the withdrawal of 99mTc. Thermoluminiscent dosimeters was used to detect radiation and was placed on top of the finger. The measurements were performed without radiation shielding, with only one tweezer as distance tool and with full radiation shielding (syringe shielding and two tweezers as distance tools). It also includes measurement of the effective dose during myocardial scintigraphy, bone scan and lung scintigraphy with or without lead apron. For these measurements a personal electronic dosimeter was used to detect radiation. The result of the finger doses showed a significant difference in radiation dose depending on which protection was used. The highest dose was recovered from not using any protection at all and the highest equivalent dose was obtained by left middle finger. For the measurement regarding the effective dose with or without lead apron a Mann-Whitney U-test was performed and showed a p-value of <0,05 which indicates a statistical significant difference. The highest effective dose was recovered from lung scintigraphy when the personnel was not wearing a lead apron.

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Long, D., H. Friedrich-Nel, L. Goedhals, and G. Joubert. "High dose-rate brachytherapy in the radical treatment of cervical cancer. An analysis of dose effectiveness and incidence of late radiation complications." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 9, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/580.

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Published Article
Worldwide, uterine cervical cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in women, with more than 80% of these cases occurring in developing countries. The South African screening policy and screening program, implemented in 2001, attempt to reduce this incidence of cervical cancer in South Africa. It is essential to treat these women with the best modalities available. This retrospective study focused specifically on the curative potential of radiotherapy administered to patients at the Oncology Department, Bloemfontein, since a new modality of high dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy was implemented in 1994. Late radiation complications were also investigated.

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Books on the topic "Effectice dose"

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Bultez, Alain. When does lag structure really matter ... indeed? Brussels: European Institute For Advanced Studies in Management, 1987.

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Erickson, Fritz J. Effective DOS 5.0, command version. Dubuque, IA: Business and Educational Technologies, 1994.

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Erickson, Fritz J. Effective DOS 5.0, Shell version. Dubuque, IA: Business and Educational Technologies, 1994.

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Randolph, W. Alan. Effective project planning and management: Getting the job done. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.

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Randolph, W. Alan. Effective project planning and management: Getting the job done. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1988.

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Canada, Atomic Energy of. Edefis, A Code For Calculating Effective Dose Equivalent For Immersion in Contaminated Media. S.l: s.n, 1985.

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Paul, Loftus, ed. Time well spent: Getting things done through effective time management. London: Kogan Page, 2009.

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Morton, Joanna. Engaging young people in learning: Why does it matter and what can we do? : conference proceedings. Wellington, N.Z: NZCER Press, 2009.

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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Use of personal monitors to estimate effective dose equivalent and effective dose to workers for external exposure to low-LET radiation: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Bethesda, MD: The Council, 1995.

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How to be good at performance appraisals: Simple, effective, done right. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business Review Press, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Effectice dose"

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Ma, Xiwen, Wei Zheng, and Yuefeng Lu. "Personalized Effective Dose Selection in Dose Ranging Studies." In Statistical Applications from Clinical Trials and Personalized Medicine to Finance and Business Analytics, 91–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42568-9_8.

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Hazucha, M. J. "Meta-analysis and “Effective Dose” Revisited." In Advances in Controlled Clinical Inhalation Studies, 247–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77176-7_22.

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Struelens, L., K. Bacher, and M. Zankl. "Dose-Area-Product to Effective Dose in Interventional Cardiology and Radiology." In IFMBE Proceedings, 181–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03902-7_51.

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Farrag, S. I. "Effective Dose Calculations and Dose Rate Distribution Around Z-Portal Passenger Security Screening." In IFMBE Proceedings, 231–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0266-3_48.

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Sulieman, A. A., H. Joda, H. Osman, H. Omer, and M. Y. Hamadelneel. "Evaluation of Effective Dose to Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization." In IFMBE Proceedings, 512–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23508-5_133.

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Hunt, Jessica H., Jenny Ainslie, Jessica H. Hunt, and Jenny Ainslie. "What Does It Mean For a Learner to Know and Learn Mathematics Well?" In Designing Effective Math Interventions, 15–28. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003014744-2.

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Nell, Edward J. "Does the Rate of Interest Determine the Rate of Profit?" In Transformational Growth and Effective Demand, 560–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21779-3_22.

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Bohanon, Hank, Lisa Caputo Love, and Kelly Morrissey. "What Does an Effective Team Look Like?" In Implementing Systematic Interventions, 65–77. New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429298646-6.

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Vermette, Paul J., and Cynthia L. Kline. "How Does the Teacher Build Effective Teams?" In Group Work that Works, 71–90. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315618364-4.

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Fraser, J. Scott, and Andrew D. Solovey. "How Does Therapy Work?" In Second-order change in psychotherapy: The golden thread that unifies effective treatments., 7–17. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11499-001.

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Conference papers on the topic "Effectice dose"

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"Method of Multislice CT Effective Doses Estimation on the Basis of Dose Distribution Curves." In International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004184400910094.

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Harker, Karen, Coby Condrey, and Laurel Crawford. "The Collection Assessment is Done…Now What?" In Library Assessment Conference—Building Effective, Sustainable, Practical Assessment. Association of Research Libraries, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/lac.2018.66.

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Digby, Todd, and Chelsea Dinsmore. "Testing Assumptions—Does Enhancing Subject Terms Increase Use of Digital Library Content?" In Library Assessment Conference—Building Effective, Sustainable, Practical Assessment. Association of Research Libraries, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/lac.2018.49.

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Wolters, Maria K. "The minimal effective dose of reminder technology." In CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559206.2578878.

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Inoue, Soichi, Tadahito Fujisawa, and Kyoko Izuha. "Effective exposure-dose measurement in optical microlithography." In Microlithography 2000, edited by Neal T. Sullivan. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.386445.

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Nakajima, Yumi, Kentaro Kasa, Takashi Sato, Masafumi Asano, Suigen Kyoh, and Hiroyuki Mizuno. "Effective-exposure-dose monitoring technique in EUV lithography." In Photomask and NGL Mask Technology XVII, edited by Kunihiro Hosono. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.868924.

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Yabe, Sachiko, Akiyuki Minami, Takashi Nasuno, Yoshihisa Matsubara, and Koichiro Tsujita. "Monitoring system of effective exposure dose and focus." In Microlithography 2005, edited by Richard M. Silver. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.598598.

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Amalia, Tuti. "Sistem Pemantauan Dosis (Dose Monitoring System) Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Pelayanan Radiologi Diagnostik dan Intervensional." In Seminar Si-INTAN. Badan Pengawas Tenaga Nuklir, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53862/ssi.v1.062021.007.

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X-ray-based medical imaging has become one of the most popular imaging modalities today. Computed tomography (CT) and interventional procedures can result in higher radiation exposure for patients compared to other radiographic examinations. There has been an increase in the effective dose of > 100 mSv from some procedures. Recent studies have shown that multiphase CT imaging and repeated imaging provide larger radiation doses in some patients. In considering the effective dose (E) for each patient, it is essential to note that the risk per Sv tends to be greater on average in pediatric patients than in adults. In addition, E can be used to describe the possible risk to the patient. Dose management is essential in monitoring and controlling patient doses. Consistent and systematic monitoring of radiation dose is needed to improve the quality of diagnostic and interventional radiology services. Dose monitoring activities include performance control, optimization of protocols used, corrective actions against non-standard practices, and raising awareness for radiation workers to minimize risks. The use of a dose monitoring system (Dose Monitoring System) responds to concerns about the radiation risk that comes from diagnostic imaging modalities, particularly Computed Tomography (CT) and fluoroscopy in interventional procedures. The dose monitoring system (Dose Monitoring System) has developed into a requirement in monitoring and controlling patient doses and is one of the applications of radiation safety culture that can improve diagnostic and interventional radiology services. Keywords: Computed tomography (CT), effective dose, interventional procedure

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González-Mota, R., J. J. Soto-Bernal, I. Rosales-Candelas, S. P. Calero Marín, J. T. Vega-Durán, and R. Moreno-Virgen. "Effective UV radiation dose in polyethylene exposed to weather." In Seventh Symposium on Optics in Industry, edited by Guillermo García Torales, Jorge L. Flores Núñez, Gilberto Gómez Rosas, and Eric Rosas. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.848953.

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Osuský, F., V. Necas, and B. Vrban. "Effective Dose Calculation in the VVER-440 Maintenance Area." In 2020 ANS Virtual Winter Meeting. AMNS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/t123-33336.

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Reports on the topic "Effectice dose"

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L. A. Braby, W. D. Reece, and W. H. Hsu. Development of Real-Time Measurement of Effective Dose for High Dose Rate Neutron Fields. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/813694.

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Hill, Robin L., and Bruce A. Rathbone. Hanford Technical Basis for Multiple Dosimetry Effective Dose Methodology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028093.

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Bogard, J. S., R. N. Hamm, J. C. Ashley, J. E. Turner, C. A. England, D. E. Swenson, and K. S. Brown. Total effective dose equivalent associated with fixed uranium surface contamination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663519.

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Author, Not Given. Estimating Radiation Risk from Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) – ISCORS Technical Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1374991.

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Kocher, D. C., and K. F. Eckerman. On the use of age-specific effective dose coefficients in radiation protection of the public. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/676937.

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Windham, J. R., K. J. Kearfott, and F. J. Mis. Discrepancies in Committed Effective Dose Equivalents calculated using US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 8.34 suggested methods. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10171742.

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Lucarelli, Claudio, Molly Frean, Aliza Gordon, Lynn Hua, and Mark Pauly. How Does Cost-Sharing Impact Spending Growth and Cost-Effective Treatments? Evidence from Deductibles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28155.

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Nader R. Elhajj. AISI/DOE Technology Roadmap Program: Development of Cost-effective, Energy-efficient Steel Framing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807633.

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Liew, S. L., and L. P. Ku. Formulation and solution of the delayed gamma dose rate problem using the concept of effective delayed gamma production cross section. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5891564.

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Bissonnette, Stephen H. Joint CSAR--Does the Current Organization Provide The Joint Task Force with the Most Effective Tools? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401056.

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