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Journal articles on the topic 'Effective Speed'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Østergaard, K. Z., P. Brath, and J. Stoustrup. "Estimation of effective wind speed." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 75 (July 1, 2007): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/75/1/012082.

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2

Sun, Danyang, Karim El-Basyouny, Shewkar Ibrahim, and Amy M. Kim. "Are school zones effective in reducing speeds and improving safety?" Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 12 (2018): 1084–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0060.

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This paper describes a study undertaken to assess the speed and safety effects of reducing speed limits from 50 to 30 km/h in school zones. Mean speeds and 85th percentile speeds were reduced by 12.2 and 11.6 km/h, respectively. Speed variation was also reduced, and the speed cumulative distributions shifted to the left, indicating further reductions for all speed ranges. The safety evaluation results revealed fatal and injury collisions were significantly reduced by 45.3% and injuries to vulnerable road users were reduced by 55.3%. In fact, for every 1 km/h reduction in mean speed, fatal and injury crashes were reduced by about 4%, which is consistent with findings from previous research. Neither spatial nor temporal collision migration or spillover effects were significant factors in the analysis. Consequently, the results of this study provide strong evidence that reducing speed limits to 30 km/h in school zones can bring significant safety benefits by reducing vehicular speeds and fatal and injury crashes.

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Vale, David. "Effective accessibility: Using effective speed to measure accessibility by cost." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 80 (March 2020): 102263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102263.

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4

Hirst, W. M., L. J. Mountain, and M. J. Maher. "Are speed enforcement cameras more effective than other speed management measures?" Accident Analysis & Prevention 37, no. 4 (2005): 731–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.03.014.

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5

Mountain, L. J., W. M. Hirst, and M. J. Maher. "Are speed enforcement cameras more effective than other speed management measures?" Accident Analysis & Prevention 37, no. 4 (2005): 742–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.03.017.

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6

Flynn, Dan F. B., Andrew Breck, Olivia Gillham, Randolph G. Atkins, and Donald L. Fisher. "Dynamic Speed Feedback Signs Are Effective in Reducing Driver Speeds: A Meta-Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 12 (2020): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120957326.

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Excess speed contributes to over a quarter of all fatal automobile crashes in the United States, costing society billions of dollars each year. Lowering excess speeds to reduce these human, societal, and economic costs is therefore a major focus of safety officials and highway engineers. This study presents a quantitative review of the effectiveness of dynamic speed feedback signs (DSFS), which provide drivers with real-time feedback on their speed so that drivers traveling above the posted speed can slow appropriately. Using a meta-analysis of 43 publications, this study demonstrates that DSFS can effectively reduce speeds in different contexts (e.g., school and work zones) and for different vehicle types (e.g., heavy and light duty). Across all types of contexts and vehicle types that were analyzed, the meta-analysis identified statistically significant reductions in speeds when DSFS are installed. Overall, reductions of 4 mph were detected as a result of DSFS installation for passenger cars, and reductions between 2 and 4 mph were detected across vehicle types in the different contexts assessed. As reductions in speed of just 4 mph of vehicles traveling 30–35 mph can reduce fatal pedestrian-vehicle strikes by upwards of 40%, these findings demonstrate that the reductions in speed at DSFS were not only statistically significant, but also practically significant in areas such as school zones and work zones.

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7

Kumar, Aanjaneya, and Deepak Dhar. "TASEP speed process: an effective medium approach." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2020, no. 1 (2020): 013211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ab5b8a.

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8

Chen-Shang Chang and J. A. Thomas. "Effective bandwidth in high-speed digital networks." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 13, no. 6 (1995): 1091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.400664.

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9

Blackwell, C. "Effective speed-up of slowly responding measurement systems." Advances in Space Research 22, no. 10 (1998): 1437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(98)00217-8.

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10

Swanson, R. C., E. Turkel, and J. A. White. "An effective multigrid method for high-speed flows." Communications in Applied Numerical Methods 8, no. 9 (1992): 671–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1630080913.

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11

Soltani, Mohsen Nourbakhsh, Torben Knudsen, Mikael Svenstrup, et al. "Estimation of Rotor Effective Wind Speed: A Comparison." IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 21, no. 4 (2013): 1155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2013.2260751.

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12

Shi, Qihang, Xiaoxiao Wang, LeRoy Winemberg, and Mark M. Tehranipoor. "On-chip sensor selection for effective speed-binning." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 88, no. 2 (2016): 369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-016-0698-0.

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13

Lochak, Pierre. "Effective speed of Arnold's diffusion and small denominators." Physics Letters A 143, no. 1-2 (1990): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(90)90794-o.

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14

Asghar, Aamer Bilal, and Xiaodong Liu. "Adaptive neuro-fuzzy algorithm to estimate effective wind speed and optimal rotor speed for variable-speed wind turbine." Neurocomputing 272 (January 2018): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.07.022.

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15

Holdsworth, D. A., W. G. Elford, R. A. Vincent, I. M. Reid, D. J. Murphy, and W. Singer. "All-sky interferometric meteor radar meteoroid speed estimation using the Fresnel transform." Annales Geophysicae 25, no. 2 (2007): 385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-25-385-2007.

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Abstract. Fresnel transform meteor speed estimation is investigated. A spectral based technique is developed allowing the transform to be applied at low temporal sampling rates. Simulations are used to compare meteoroid speeds determined using the Fresnel transform and alternative techniques, confirming that the Fresnel transform produces the most accurate meteoroid speed estimates for high effective pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs). The Fresnel transform is applied to high effective PRF data collected during Leonid meteor showers, producing speed estimates in good agreement with the theoretical pre-atmospheric speed of the 71 kms−1. Further simulations for the standard low effective PRF sampling parameters used for Buckland Park meteor radar (BPMR) observations suggests that the Fresnel transform can successfully estimate meteor speeds up to 80 kms−1. Fresnel transform speed estimation is applied using the BPMR, producing speed distributions similar to those obtained in previous studies. The technique is also applied to data collected using the BPMR sampling parameters during Southern delta-Aquarid and Geminid meteor showers, producing speeds in very good agreement with the theoretical pre-atmospheric speeds of these showers (41 kms−1 and 35 kms−1, respectively). However, application of the Fresnel transform to high speed showers suggests that the practical upper limit for accurate speed estimation using the BPMR sampling parameters is around 50 kms−1. This limit allows speed accurate estimates to be made for about 70% of known meteor showers, and around 70% of sporadic echoes.

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16

Bloch, Steven A. "Comparative Study of Speed Reduction Effects of Photo-Radar and Speed Display Boards." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1640, no. 1 (1998): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1640-05.

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Two forms of automated motor-vehicle speed control, speed display boards and photo-radar, are compared. Despite a growing body of research on the devices, there is little reliable empirical evidence about their effectiveness. Three issues are examined: ( a) which of these devices is more effective in lowering speeds, ( b) whether supplementing display boards with police enforcement makes them more effective, and ( c) which device is more cost-effective. The study was conducted on three comparable streets in Riverside, California, over a 4-week period. Site 1 employed a display board with no enforcement; Site 2, a display board with intermittent enforcement; and Site 3, photo-radar. Results show that both devices, while deployed, significantly reduce vehicle speeds 7 to 8 km/h, and particularly reduce the number of vehicles traveling 16 km/h (10 mph) or more over the posted limit. Supplementing the display board with intermittent enforcement significantly increased its effectiveness. Although both devices produced substantial speed reductions while in operation, only display boards demonstrated carryover effects. The enforced display board produced a substantial short-term (but not longer-term) carryover effect; the unenforced display board demonstrated a longer-term (but not short-term) carryover effect, but only at the alongside location, 1 week after its removal. The three cost-effectiveness estimates generated showed that the unenforced speed display board was the most cost-effective; the enforced display board came in second; and the photo-radar placed third.

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17

Houari, Azeddine, Ahmed Bouabdallah, Ali Djerioui, et al. "An Effective Compensation Technique for Speed Smoothness at Low-Speed Operation of PMSM Drives." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 54, no. 1 (2018): 647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2017.2740388.

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18

Konopka, Michał. "The influence of effective managing the speed on motorways to ecology." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 12 (2018): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.362.

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Paper discussed the problem of influence of the speed of vehicles on motorways to degradation of the environment. There is no need to improve that implementation of new ecological solutions in transport must be made. Everyone know, that we must use the renewable sources of energy in transport. It manifests in constant raising norms of Euro which are more and more difficult to fulfil for manufacturers of vehicles. All action is supposed to raising effectiveness of transport and limiting the degradation of the environment. It is time consuming and expensive. But it is possible to raise to effectiveness of road transport now using well known technology. The solution consists on limiting the permited speed on motorways to reduce the harmful substances to natural environment. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of using the fuel by popular delivery car at different speeds on motorway.

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19

Ratcliffe, S., and P. R. Lyon. "Indication of Effective Speed and Deceleration to Vessels in Port Approaches." Journal of Navigation 39, no. 1 (1986): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300014235.

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1. INTRODUCTION. The controlled deceleration of a ship in the final approaches to the berthing area is of crucial importance to ensure that the ship is stopped in time and can be manoeuvred to the berth by assistant tugs. Shipborne instrumentation cannot be relied upon entirely to assist the ship handler in this aspect because, with very few exceptions, it does not give sufficiently accurate information at very low speeds and minimum underkeel clearances. Traditionally of course, it is part of the ship handler's skill to judge the ship speed and deceleration by eye and it is important that this skill is finely developed to arrive correctly at the manoeuvring area. It is however the case that the judgment of very low speeds becomes increasingly difficult with the larger ships, yet it is with such ships that this judgment is the most critical.

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20

Al Hazza, Muataz Hazza F., Mohamed Konneh, Mohammad Iqbal, Assem Hatem Taha, and Muhammad H. Hasan. "Using the Desirability Function as an Effective Tool in Target Costing Model." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.126.

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High speed turning (HST) is an advanced machining process that uses higher cutting speeds than those used in conventional machining. HST enables manufacturers to shorten machining times. Therefore, this approach should be followed and justified by economic study. One of the most effective tools for economic study is by developing a target-cost model to control the machining cost. The aim of this research is to develop a target costing model for high speed turning. To achieve the aim of this research, a set of experimental data was obtained in the following cutting levels: cutting speed (500-700 m/min), feed rate (1000-2000 mm/min), and depth of cut of (0.1-0.3) mm. The materials used in this research were AISI 304 stainless steel as a work piece material and coated carbide as a cutting tool. The output data was used to develop a target costing model. The desirability function has been used to optimize the model.

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21

Larkin, Marilynn. "Speed is the key to effective heart-attack treatment." Lancet 355, no. 9202 (2000): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(00)82023-1.

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22

Pietrzykowski, Zbigniew, and Mirosław Wielgosz. "Effective ship domain – Impact of ship size and speed." Ocean Engineering 219 (January 2021): 108423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.108423.

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23

Zhang, Lijun, Yue Yu, Jianbin Zheng, and Xiaoyu Song. "An effective BIST scheme for SRAM full speed test." International Journal of Electronics 98, no. 9 (2011): 1281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207217.2011.593136.

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24

Tommasini, Riccardo, and Ernst E. Fill. "Effective traveling-wave excitation below the speed of light." Optics Letters 26, no. 10 (2001): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.26.000689.

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25

Nelson, Jr., Ralph M. "An effective wind speed for models of fire spread." International Journal of Wildland Fire 11, no. 2 (2002): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf02031.

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In previous descriptions of wind-slope interaction and the spread rate of wildland fires it is assumed that the separate effects of wind and slope are independent and additive and that corrections for these effects may be applied to spread rates computed from existing rate of spread models. A different approach is explored in the present paper in which the upslope component of the fire's buoyant velocity is used with the speed and direction of the ambient wind to produce effective values of wind speed and direction that determine the rate of spread vector. Thus the effective wind speed can replace the ambient wind speed in any suitable fire spread model and provide a description of the combined effects on the fire behavior. The difference between current and threshold values of the effective wind speed also can be used to determine whether fire will spread in a given fuel type. The model is tested with data from experiments reported by Weise (1993) in which fire spread was in response to variation in both wind speed and slope angle. The Weise spread rate data were satisfactorily correlated using dimensional methods and the observed spread rate was reasonably well predicted with an existing rate of spread model. Directional aspects of the model were not tested because the Weise (1993) study did not include winds with a cross-slope component.

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26

Mittal, Nishant, Anshu Gupta, P. S. Negi, and Udit Narain. "On Some Properties of SEP Effective CMEs." ISRN Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011 (December 25, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/727140.

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Solar energetic particles (SEP) are believed to originate from two different sources, solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The large SEP events constitute a serious radiation hazard. The high-energy solar proton data obtained from NOAA Space Environment Services Center are used to investigate some statistical properties such as speed, apparent width, acceleration, latitude, mass, kinetic energy, and occurrence rate of SEP effective CMEs observed during the period 1997–2006 covering the solar cycle 23. It is found that SEP effective CMEs are nearly halo in nature, and they follow solar cycle variation. Such CMEs have higher speeds than those of non-SEP effective CMEs.

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27

Huang, Ziyuan, and Bangcheng Han. "Effective approach for calculating critical speeds of high‐speed permanent magnet motor rotor‐shaft assemblies." IET Electric Power Applications 9, no. 9 (2015): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2014.0503.

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28

Sigalingging, R., D. Herák, A. Kabutey, and C. Sigalingging. "Influence of Porosity, Permeability and Expression Force on Oil Yield of Jatropha Seeds." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 50, no. 1 (2019): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0009.

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Abstract A mathematical model for effective porosity, effective force and permeability was derived using the experimental results. A universal compression machine was used to press oil of jatropha seeds at maximum force 100 kN, pressing vessel diameter 60 mm, initial pressing height 60 mm with different compression speeds ranging from 1 to 50 mm.min−1. The analysis of variance showed significant effects of compression speed on oil yield, oil point deformation, effective porosity and time of oil flow (P < 0.05), while the compression speed effect was not significant on the maximum deformation, oil point force, effective force, flow rate of oil and permeability (P > 0.05). Oil yield decreased significantly with increasing speed hence lower driving effective force. In addition, lower effective porosity required higher effective force to drive oil flow due to lower permeability and flow rate of jatropha seeds oil. Equilibrium force between effective force and oil point force at force 100 kN was determined to be 50 kN with corresponding compression speed approximately 42.74 mm.min−1. This knowledge is important in the industrial technology of oil processing where higher pressure is needed to achieve maximum leakage of oil.

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Ali, Sura Mahmoud, Mokhles Hassan Haider, and Sama Mahmoud Ali. "The Effect of Speed, Agility and Quickness (SAQ) Training on Developing the Effective Movement of Tennis Players." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 04 (2020): 3354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201448.

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30

Johirman, Johirman. "MENINGKATKAN KECEPATAN EFEKTIF MEMBACA (KEM) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE KLOS SISWA KELAS XI IPA 2 SMA NEGERI 6 BENGKULU SELATAN." Diksa : Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 2, no. 1 (2016): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/diksa.v2i1.3223.

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Effective speed reading has a very important role, because with the fast reading and reading comprehension ability of qualified person could master of science and technology. Indonesian reading habits unfavorable impact negatively on the level of legibility of a person or a student. To overcome this much needed effort and creativity of teachers. Klos in the application of the method of learning to read is one way to solve the problem. The research objective of this class action is to increase the Effective Speed Reading (KEM) using klos class XI IPA 2 SMA Negeri 6 South Bengkulu This classroom action research takes place in SMA Negeri 6 South Bengkulu class XI IPA 2, the number of students 40 students. Implementation of the activities carried out through three cycles. Before the first cycle carried out the need for pre-action is the identification of methods klos and Effective Speed Reading (KEM), and then executed the first cycle as the application of methods klos, the second cycle as in implementation klos method, and the third cycle as the consolidation phase. Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis that is used to qualitative data obtained from observations of students and teachers during learning in the classroom, and the quantitative analysis is used to test Effective Speed Reading (KEM) students using klos. The results of the study in the first cycle readability level is still low, due to the effective speeds average reading rate of 87 words per minute with 18% Independent, Instruktional rate of 38% and 44% in frustration. In the second cycle results of the study experienced a positive change that is effective speeds average reading rate of 150 words per minute with 78% Independent, Instructional rate of 18%, and the frustration level of 4%. The results of the study in the third cycle experienced stabilization which is the average Effective Speed Reading (KEM) 210 wpm with independent level of 100%. The result showed that the activity of learning to read faster by using klos can improve Effective Speed Reading (KEM) students.

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31

Ullman, Gerald L., and Elisabeth R. Rose. "Evaluation of Dynamic Speed Display Signs." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1918, no. 1 (2005): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191800112.

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This paper describes an analysis of the effectiveness of dynamic speed display signs (DSDSs) installed in several permanent locations. Sites evaluated included a school speed zone, two transition speed zones in advance of a school speed zone, two sharp horizontal curves, and two approaches to signalized intersections on high-speed roadways. Data were collected before the DSDSs were installed, about one week after installation to determine initial effects of the signs upon vehicle speeds, and again about four months after installation to determine how well the initial speed reductions were maintained. Researchers analyzed average speeds, 85th percentile speeds, and the percentage of the sample exceeding the speed limit. In addition, least-squares regression analyses between the speed of a vehicle upstream of the DSDS and that vehicle's speed measured again at the DSDS were performed to determine whether the sign affected higher-speed vehicles more substantially than lower-speed vehicles. Overall, average speeds were reduced by 9 mph at the school speed zone. Elsewhere, the effect of the DSDS was less dramatic, with average speeds reduced by 5 mph or less depending on the location tested. As expected, those motorists traveling faster than the posted speed limit did appear to reduce their speed more significantly in response to the DSDS than did motorists traveling at or below the posted speed limit. The results of this project suggest that DSDSs can be effective at reducing speeds in permanent applications if appropriate site conditions apply.

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32

Mikolajczyk, Tadeusz, Tomasz Paczkowski, Danil Yurievich Pimenov, et al. "Analysis of the Deviation in a Low-Cost System for Stepless Digital Control of Conventional Lathe Spindle Speeds." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010012.

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A conventional manual lathe electric motor drives the multi-stage gearbox transmitting torque to the spindle so that the workpiece makes contact with the machine tool at a given speed. The cutting speed is proportional to both the diameter of the workpiece and the spindle speed, however, the increments in spindle speed are limited. Manual lathe machines cannot be regulated at the optimum cutting speeds for all diameters. An innovative modernization of the main driveline of a TSB16 manual lathe is proposed in this paper, allowing for a cost-effective system for digital control of spindle speeds using an inverter. The inverter is controlled using an 8-bit AO (analog output) converter with special software developed with Visual Basic. The results of the analysis and various test runs with this new system for automated control of spindle rotation, showed that the required cutting speed can be achieved for any workpiece diameter. The deviation of cutting-speed of the upgraded system for any turning diameter is greatly reduced in comparison with the deviation of cutting-speed of a manual lathe. Finally, tests on this versatile system demonstrated a cost-effective method for modernizing the drive system of conventional lathe machines.

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33

Xu, Zhiqiang, Qinghua Hu, and Mehrdad Ehsani. "Estimation of Effective Wind Speed for Fixed-Speed Wind Turbines Based on Frequency Domain Data Fusion." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 3, no. 1 (2012): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2011.2162638.

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34

Moreau, Noelle G., Amy Winter Bodkin, Kristie Bjornson, Amy Hobbs, Mallary Soileau, and Kay Lahasky. "Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Interventions to Improve Gait Speed in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Physical Therapy 96, no. 12 (2016): 1938–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20150401.

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AbstractBackgroundChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) have decreased gait speeds, which can negatively affect their community participation and quality of life. However, evidence for effective rehabilitation interventions to improve gait speed remains unclear.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of interventions for improving gait speed in ambulatory children with CP.Data SourcesMEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, and PEDro were searched from inception through April 2014.Study SelectionThe selected studies were randomized controlled trials or had experimental designs with a comparison group, included a physical therapy or rehabilitation intervention for children with CP, and reported gait speed as an outcome measure.Data ExtractionMethodological quality was assessed by PEDro scores. Means, standard deviations, and change scores for gait speed were extracted. General study information and dosing parameters (frequency, duration, intensity, and volume) of the intervention were recorded.Data SynthesisTwenty-four studies were included. Three categories of interventions were identified: gait training (n=8), resistance training (n=9), and miscellaneous (n=7). Meta-analysis showed that gait training was effective in increasing gait speed, with a standardized effect size of 0.92 (95% confidence interval=0.19, 1.66; P=.01), whereas resistance training was shown to have a negligible effect (effect size=0.06; 95% confidence interval=−0.12, 0.25; P=.51). Effect sizes from negative to large were reported for studies in the miscellaneous category.LimitationsGait speed was the only outcome measure analyzed.ConclusionsGait training was the most effective intervention in improving gait speed for ambulatory children with CP. Strength training, even if properly dosed, was not shown to be effective in improving gait speed. Velocity training, electromyographic biofeedback training, and whole-body vibration were effective in improving gait speed in individual studies and warrant further investigation.

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35

Held, Dominique P., and Jakob Mann. "Lidar estimation of rotor-effective wind speed – an experimental comparison." Wind Energy Science 4, no. 3 (2019): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-4-421-2019.

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Abstract. Lidar systems have the potential of alleviating structural loads on wind turbines by providing a preview of the incoming wind field to the control system. For a collective pitch controller, the important quantity of interest is the rotor-effective wind speed (REWS). In this study, we present a model of the coherence between the REWS and its estimate from continuous-wave nacelle-mounted lidar systems. The model uses the spectral tensor definition of the Mann model. Model results were compared to field data gathered from a two- and four-beam nacelle lidar mounted on a wind turbine. The comparison shows close agreement for the coherence, and the data fit better to the proposed model than to a model based on the Kaimal turbulence model, which underestimates the coherence. Inflow conditions with larger length scales led to a higher coherence between REWS and lidar estimates than inflow turbulence of smaller length scale. When comparing the two lidar systems, it was shown that the four-beam lidar is able to resolve small turbulent structures with a higher degree of coherence. Further, the advection speed by which the turbulent structures are transported from measurement to rotor plane can be estimated by 10 min averages of the lidar estimation of REWS. The presented model can be used as a computationally efficient tool to optimize the position of the lidar focus points in order to maximize the coherence.

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36

Willemain, Thomas R., Hui Fan, and Huaiyu Ma. "Interaction between Runway Loading and Effective Speed of Arriving Aircraft." Air Traffic Control Quarterly 13, no. 4 (2005): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/atcq.13.4.313.

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37

Плетенецька, Анна. "Factors that provides effective competitive activity in inline speed skating." Theory and Methods of Physical Education and Sports, no. 2 (March 6, 2014): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32652/tmfvs.2014.2.34-38.

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38

Peksa, L., and T. Gronych. "Quick determination of effective pumping speed for hydrogen permeation measurement." Vacuum 81, no. 3 (2006): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.05.008.

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39

Hou Lio, Alan Wai, and Fanzhong Meng. "Effective wind speed estimation for wind turbines in down-regulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1452 (January 2020): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1452/1/012008.

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40

Dai, L. "Effective Bandwidths and Performance Bounds in High-Speed Communication Systems." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 100, no. 3 (1999): 549–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1022686406553.

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Raj Rivington, Emmanuel Gospel, T. A. Selvan,, Bhuvaneswari Mani, Sabari Kannan Muthalagu, and Mouliha Sree Subbian Veluswaami. "Cost Effective Speed Measurement using Optical Method for Belt Conveyors." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 12, no. 23 (2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2019/v12i23/145371.

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SU, R. K., and T. T. S. KUO. "SPEED OF SOUND IN NUCLEAR MATTER AND SKYRME EFFECTIVE INTERACTIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 02, no. 02 (1987): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732387000112.

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Using a nuclear equation of state derived from a finite-temperature Green’s function method and the Skyrme effective interactions SkI, SkIII and SkM*, we have calculated the speed of sound in symmetric nuclear matter. For certain densities and temperatures, this speed is found to become super-luminous. Causal boundaries in the density-temperature plane are determined, and they indicate that SkM* is a more desirable effective interaction than SkI and SkIII. Comparison with a similar calculation by Osnes and Strottman is made.

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Songmene, Victor, Riad Khettabi, and Jules Kouam. "Dry high-speed machining: a cost effective and green process." International Journal of Manufacturing Research 7, no. 3 (2012): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmr.2012.048695.

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Alkorta, Patxi, Oscar Barambones, Asier Zubizarreta, and José Antonio Cortajarena. "Effective and Robust Generalized Predictive Speed Control of Induction Motor." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/913458.

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This paper presents and validates a new proposal for effective speed vector control of induction motors based on linear Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) law. The presented GPC-PI cascade configuration simplifies the design with regard to GPC-GPC cascade configuration, maintaining the advantages of the predictive control algorithm. The robust stability of the closed loop system is demonstrated by the poles placement method for several typical cases of uncertainties in induction motors. The controller has been tested using several simulations and experiments and has been compared with Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) and Sliding Mode (SM) control schemes, obtaining outstanding results in speed tracking even in the presence of parameter uncertainties, unknown load disturbance, and measurement noise in the loop signals, suggesting its use in industrial applications.

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Kutsenko, A. A., A. L. Shuvalov, and A. N. Norris. "Effective antiplane shear wave speed in 2D periodic piezoelectric crystals." International Journal of Engineering Science 88 (March 2015): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2014.06.014.

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Jun, Martin B. G., Keith Bourne, Richard E. DeVor, and Shiv G. Kapoor. "Estimation of effective error parameters in high-speed micro-endmilling." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 47, no. 9 (2007): 1449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.09.027.

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Makarov, Vladimir. "Method of effective circulation control of high speed fans impellors." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-4-92-100.

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Research relevance. The high-level competitiveness of Russian oil and gas sector enterprises in the global economic space is impossible to reach without accelerating the restructuring of existing air-cooling apparatuses and developing new ones. It should be carried out with regard to modern technology introduction and advanced achievements in mining. The cost of gas cooling during its transportation via main gas pipelines in the cost structure reaches 22%. Besides, annual energy wastage on compressed gas cooling by fan installations is commensurate with the cost of the air cooling devices. It is essential to develop active means of air conditioning units control in order to improve their efficiency and aerodynamic adaptability that affect the competitiveness of oil and gas enterprises. ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 4, 2021 99 Research aim is to develop a mathematical model for fan unit parameters active control. Research methods are based on the experimentally proven hypothesis about the dependence between the control flow rate on the impeller blades and the position of the rear critical points of the blades. Research results. A method was developed based on conformal transformations, the theory of residues, singular equations, and hydrodynamic analogy. The dependence between the position of the profiles critical points and flow circulation was obtained. The dependence of the aerodynamic adaptability of the fan units in air conditioning devices on effective critical point position and the energy characteristics of the impeller blades flow controlling source has been established. A patent was obtained for the fan unit impeller with active circulation control from air flow sources from the fan casing. High efficiency of the developed circulation control method for increasing the operational efficiency and aerodynamic adaptability of air-cooled fan units has been proved. An aerodynamic scheme of ОV 121TN was developed. A fan unit OGM VU2.7-1.8K4 with aerodynamic adaptability increased by 34% was created.

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Monsere, Christopher M., Casey Nolan, Robert L. Bertini, Edward L. Anderson, and Tarek Abou El-Seoud. "Measuring the Impacts of Speed Reduction Technologies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1918, no. 1 (2005): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191800113.

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This paper presents the results of a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of a dynamic curve warning system deployed at one site on Interstate 5 in Oregon. On a dynamic message sign, the system displays messages directed to drivers on the basis of the observed speed of approaching vehicles. For the evaluation, three measures of effectiveness were selected: ( a) the change in mean speed for passenger cars and commercial vehicles, ( b) the change in the speed distribution for both passenger cars and trucks, and ( c) public response to the sign. Speed samples were taken of vehicles with a laser ranging and detection device recording both speed and distance information over 7 days: four in the before period and three in the after period. The quantitative evaluation indicated that the advanced curve warning system was effective in reducing the mean speeds of passenger cars and trucks by approximately 3 mph for the southbound direction and 2 mph for the northbound direction. After the system was installed, the distribution of vehicle speeds was statistically different, with a lower number of vehicles in the higher speed bins. Because the system was installed only recently, crash reduction impacts have not yet been evaluated. Intercept surveys of motorists at nearby rest areas revealed a positive perception of the system. Overall, the results of the evaluation indicate that the advanced curve warning system is effective.

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Dobryakova, E., S. L. Costa, G. R. Wylie, J. DeLuca, and H. M. Genova. "Altered Effective Connectivity during a Processing Speed Task in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 22, no. 2 (2016): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617715001034.

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AbstractObjectives: Processing speed impairment is the most prevalent cognitive deficit in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the neural mechanisms associated with processing speed remain under debate. The current investigation provides a dynamic representation of the functioning of the brain network involved in processing speed by examining effective connectivity pattern during a processing speed task in healthy adults and in MS individuals with and without processing speed impairment. Methods: Group assignment (processing speed impaired vs. intact) was based on participants’ performance on the Symbol Digit Modalities test (Parmenter, Testa, Schretlen, Weinstock-Guttman, & Benedict, 2010). First, brain regions involved in the processing speed task were determined in healthy participants. Time series from these functional regions of interest of each group of participants were then subjected to the effective connectivity analysis (Independent Multiple-Sample Greedy Equivalence Search and Linear, Non-Gaussian Orientation, Fixed Structure algorithms) that showed causal influences of one region on another during task performance. Results: The connectivity pattern of the processing speed impaired group was significantly different from the connectivity pattern of the processing speed intact group and of the healthy control group. Differences in the strength of common connections were also observed. Conclusions: Effective connectivity results reveal that MS individuals with processing speed impairment not only have connections that differ from healthy participants and MS individuals without processing speed impairment, but also have increased strengths of connections. (JINS, 2016, 22, 216–224)

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Liu, Wei, Rui Hong Zhang, and Hong Miao. "The Experimental Study of Organizational Structure of Welded Joint and Combining Performance of Laser Welding of Vacuum Glass." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 750–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.750.

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The laser welding system is used to weld vacuum glass,the organizational structure of welding joint and the combining performance of the laser welding in different speeds are studied in this text. Under the same laser output power,welding combining performance and organizational structure are ideal both in the speed of 5mm/s and 10mm/s. It shows that laser welding is an effective method of the edge welding of vacuum glass. By comparison with experimental results, better solder welding joint organizational structure and combining performance can be obtained when the welding speed is 5mm/s than the welding speed is 10mm/s. It explains that appropriate laser welding speed is one of the effective methods of optimizing vacuum glass welding under certain laser output power.

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